Dream 1 (Northern Tavria, October 1920)

A conversation is going on in the cell of the monastery church. The Budennovites have just come and checked the documents. Golubkov, a young Petersburg intellectual, wonders where the Reds came from when the area is in the hands of the Whites. Barabanchikova, pregnant, lying right there, explains that the general, who was sent a dispatch that the Reds were in the rear, postponed the decryption. When asked where the headquarters of General Charnota, Barabanchikov does not give a direct answer. Serafima Korzukhina, a young lady from St. Petersburg who fled with Golubkov to the Crimea to meet her husband, offers to call the midwife, but Madame refuses. The clatter of hooves and the voice of the white commander de Brizard are heard. Upon recognizing him, Barabanchikova throws off her rags and appears in the form of General Charnota. He explains to de Brizar and his wife Lyuska, who ran in, that his friend Barabanchikov in a hurry gave him documents not of his own, but of his pregnant wife. Charnota proposes an escape plan. Here Seraphim begins to have a fever - this is typhus. Golubkov leads Serafima into a gig. Everyone is leaving.

Dream 2 (Crimea, early November 1920)

The station hall has been turned into the headquarters of the whites. Where there was a buffet, General Khludov is sitting. He is sick, twitching. Korzukhin, Deputy Minister of Trade, Serafima's husband, asks to push wagons with valuable fur goods into Sevastopol. Khludov orders these trains to be burned. Korzukhin asks about the situation at the front. Khludov hisses that the Reds will be here tomorrow. Korzukhin thanks and leaves. A convoy appears, followed by the white commander-in-chief and Archbishop Africanus. Khludov informs the commander-in-chief that the Bolsheviks are in the Crimea. The African prays, but Khludov believes that God has abandoned the whites. Commander-in-Chief leaves. Serafima runs in, followed by Golubkov and messenger Charnota Krapilin. Serafima shouts that Khludov does nothing but hangs him. Staff whisper that this is a communist. Golubkov says she is delusional, she has typhus. Khludov calls Korzukhin, but he, smelling a trap, renounces Seraphim. Serafima and Golubkov are taken away, and Krapilin, in oblivion, calls Khludov a world beast and speaks of a war that Khludov does not know. He objects that he went to Chongar and was wounded there twice. Krapilin, waking up, begs for mercy, but Khludov orders him to be hanged for "beginning well, ending badly."

Dream 3 (Crimea, early November 1920)

The head of counterintelligence, Quiet, threatening with a deadly needle, forces Golubkov to show that Serafima Korzukhina is a member of the Communist Party and has come for the purpose of propaganda. Having forced him to write a statement, Tikhy lets him go. Counterintelligence officer Skunsky estimates that Korzukhin will give $10,000 to pay off. Quiet shows that Skunsky's share is 2000. Serafima is brought in, she is in the heat. Quiet gives her a statement. Outside the window with music is the cavalry of Charnota. Seraphim, having read the paper, knocks out the window glass with his elbow and calls Charnot for help. He runs in and defends Seraphim with a revolver.

Dream 4 (Crimea, early November 1920)

The Commander-in-Chief says that Khludov has been covering up his hatred for him for a year now. Khludov admits that he hates the commander-in-chief because he was involved in this, that it is impossible to work, knowing that everything is in vain. Commander-in-Chief leaves. Khludov alone speaks with the ghost, wants to crush him ... Golubkov enters, he has come to complain about the crime committed by Khludov. He turns around. Golubkov is in a panic. He came to tell the commander-in-chief about the arrest of Seraphim and wants to know her fate. Khludov asks the captain to deliver her to the palace if she is not shot. Golubkov is horrified by these words. Khludov justifies himself before the messenger ghost and asks him to leave his soul. When asked by Khludov who Serafima is to him, Golubkov replies that she is a random acquaintance, but he loves her. Khludov says that she was shot. Golubkov is furious, Khludov throws a revolver at him and tells someone that his soul is doubled. The captain enters with a report that Seraphim is alive, but today Charnota fought her off with a weapon and -

nbsp; took him to Constantinople. Khludov is expected on the ship. Golubkov asks to be taken to Constantinople, Khludov is ill, speaks with the messenger, they leave. Dark.

Dream 5 (Constantinople, summer 1921)

Street of Constantinople. There is an advertisement for cockroach races. Charnota, drunk and gloomy, approaches the cashier of cockroach races and wants to bet on credit, but Arthur, "the cockroach king", refuses him. Charnota yearns, remembers Russia. He sells for 2 lira 50 piastres silver gazyri and a box of his toys, puts all the money received on Janissary's favorite. The people are gathering. Cockroaches living in a box "under the supervision of a professor" run with paper riders. Shout: "Janissary fails!" It turns out that Arthur got the cockroach drunk. All those who bet on the Janissary rush to Arthur, he calls the police. A beautiful prostitute cheers on the Italians, who are beating the English, who bet on another cockroach. Dark.

Dream 6 (Constantinople, summer 1921)

Charnota quarrels with Lucy, lies to her that the box and gas were stolen, she understands that Charnota lost money, and admits that she is a prostitute. She reproaches him that he, the general, defeated counterintelligence and was forced to flee the army, and now he is begging. Charnota objects: he saved Seraphim from death. Lusya reproaches Seraphim for inaction and goes into the house. Golubkov enters the yard, playing the hurdy-gurdy. Charnota assures him that Serafima is alive and explains that she went to the panel. Seraphim arrives with a Greek, hung with purchases. Golubkov and Charnota rush at him, he runs away. Golubkov tells Seraphim about love, but she leaves with the words that she will die alone. Lyusya, who came out, wants to open the bundle of the Greek, but Charnota does not give it. Lucy takes the hat and announces that she is leaving for Paris. Khludov enters in civilian clothes - he has been demoted from the army. Golubkov explains that he found her, she left, and he will go to Paris to Korzukhin - he is obliged to help her. They will help him cross the border. He asks Khludov to take care of her, not to let her go to the panel, Khludov promises and gives 2 lira and a medallion. Charnota travels with Golubkov to Paris. They are going away. Dark.

Dream 7 (Paris, autumn 1921)

Golubkov asks Korzukhin for a $1,000 loan for Serafima. Korzukhin refuses, says that he has never been married and wants to marry his Russian secretary. Golubkov calls him a terrible soulless person and wants to leave, but Charnota arrives, who says that he would sign up for the Bolsheviks to shoot him, and having shot him, he would sign out. Seeing the cards, he invites Korzukhin to play and sells him Khludov's medallion for $10. As a result, Charnota wins $20,000 and redeems the medallion for $300. Korzukhin wants to return the money, Lucy runs to his cry. Charnota is amazed, but does not give it away. Lyusya despises Korzukhin. She assures him that he lost the money himself and cannot get it back. Everyone disperses. Lusya quietly shouts out the window to Golubkov to take care of Seraphim, and Charnota to buy his pants. Dark.

Dream 8 (Constantinople, autumn 1921)

Khludov alone talks with the ghost of the orderly. He is suffering. Serafima enters, tells him that he is ill, and is executed because she let Golubkov go. She is going to return to Peter. Khludov says that he will also return, and under his own name. Seraphim is horrified, it seems to her that he will be shot. Khludov is happy about this. They are interrupted by a knock on the door. This is Charnota and Golubkov. Khludov and Charnota leave, Serafima and Golubkov confess their love to each other. Khludov and Charnota return. Charnota says that he will stay here, Khludov wants to return. Everyone answers him. He invites Charnota with him, but he refuses: he has no hatred for the Bolsheviks. He's leaving. Golubkov wants to return the locket to Khludov, but he gives it to the couple, and they leave. Khludov alone writes something, rejoices that the ghost has disappeared. He goes to the window and shoots himself in the head. Dark.

M. A. Bulgakov
Run
Dream 1 (Northern Tavria, October 1920)
A conversation is going on in the cell of the monastery church. The Budennovites have just come and checked the documents. Golubkov, a young Petersburg intellectual, wonders where the Reds came from when the area is in the hands of the Whites. Barabanchikova, pregnant, lying right there, explains that the general, who was sent a dispatch that the Reds were in the rear, postponed the decryption. When asked where the headquarters of General Charnota, Barabanchikov does not give a direct answer. Serafima Korzukhina, a young Petersburg lady who runs along

With Golubkov to the Crimea to meet her husband, she offers to call the midwife, but Madame refuses. The clatter of hooves and the voice of the white commander de Brizard are heard. Upon recognizing him, Barabanchikova throws off her rags and appears in the form of General Charnota. He explains to de Brizar and his wife Lyuska, who ran in, that his friend Barabanchikov in a hurry gave him documents not of his own, but of his pregnant wife. Charnota proposes an escape plan. Here Seraphim begins to have a fever - this is typhus. Golubkov leads Serafima into a gig. Everyone is leaving.
Dream 2 (Crimea, early November 1920)
The station hall has been turned into the headquarters of the whites. Where there was a buffet, General Khludov is sitting. He is sick, twitching. Korzukhin, Deputy Minister of Trade, Serafima's husband, asks to push wagons with valuable fur goods into Sevastopol. Khludov orders these trains to be burned. Korzukhin asks about the situation at the front. Khludov hisses that the Reds will be here tomorrow. Korzukhin thanks and leaves. A convoy appears, followed by the white commander-in-chief and Archbishop Africanus. Khludov informs the commander-in-chief that the Bolsheviks are in the Crimea. The African prays, but Khludov believes that God has abandoned the whites. Commander-in-Chief leaves. Seraphim runs in, followed by Golubkov and messenger Charnota Krapilin. Serafima shouts that Khludov does nothing but hangs him. Staff whisper that this is a communist. Golubkov says she is delusional, she has typhus. Khludov calls Korzukhin, but he, smelling a trap, renounces Seraphim. Serafima and Golubkov are taken away, and Krapilin, in oblivion, calls Khludov a world beast and speaks of a war that Khludov does not know. He objects that he went to Chongar and was wounded there twice. Krapilin, waking up, begs for mercy, but Khludov orders him to be hanged because "he started well, ended badly."
Dream 3 (Crimea, early November 1920)
The head of counterintelligence, Quiet, threatening with a deadly needle, forces Golubkov to show that Serafima Korzukhina is a member of the Communist Party and has come for the purpose of propaganda. Having forced him to write a statement, Tikhy lets him go. Counterintelligence officer Skunsky estimates that Korzukhin will give $10,000 to pay off. Quiet shows that Skunsky's share is 2000. Serafima is brought in, she is in the heat. Quiet gives her a statement. Outside the window with music is the cavalry of Charnota. Seraphim, having read the paper, knocks out the window glass with his elbow and calls Charnot for help. He runs in and defends Seraphim with a revolver.
Dream 4 (Crimea, early November 1920)
The Commander-in-Chief says that Khludov has been covering up his hatred for him for a year now. Khludov admits that he hates the commander-in-chief because he was involved in this, that it is impossible to work, knowing that everything is in vain. Commander-in-Chief leaves. Khludov alone speaks with the ghost, wants to crush him ... Golubkov enters, he has come to complain about the crime committed by Khludov. He turns around. Golubkov is in a panic. He came to tell the commander-in-chief about the arrest of Seraphim and wants to know her fate. Khludov asks the captain to deliver her to the palace if she is not shot. Golubkov is horrified by these words. Khludov justifies himself before the messenger ghost and asks him to leave his soul. When asked by Khludov who Serafima is to him, Golubkov replies that she is a random acquaintance, but he loves her. Khludov says that she was shot. Golubkov is furious, Khludov throws a revolver at him and tells someone that his soul is doubled. The captain enters with a report that Seraphim is alive, but today Charnota recaptured her with weapons and took her to Constantinople. Khludov is expected on the ship. Golubkov asks to be taken to Constantinople, Khludov is ill, speaks with the messenger, they leave. Dark.
Dream 5 (Constantinople, summer 1921)
Street of Constantinople. There is an advertisement for cockroach races. Charnota, drunk and gloomy, approaches the cashier of the cockroach race and wants to bet on credit, but Arthur, the "cockroach king", refuses him. Charnota yearns, remembers Russia. He sells for 2 lira 50 piastres silver gazyri and a box of his toys, puts all the money received on Janissary's favorite. The people are gathering. Cockroaches living in a box “under the supervision of a professor” run with paper riders. Shout: “Janissary fails!” It turns out that Arthur got the cockroach drunk. All those who bet on the Janissary rush to Arthur, he calls the police. A beautiful prostitute cheers on the Italians, who are beating the English, who bet on another cockroach. Dark.
Dream 6 (Constantinople, summer 1921)
Charnota quarrels with Lucy, lies to her that the box and gas were stolen, she understands that Charnota lost money, and admits that she is a prostitute. She reproaches him that he, the general, defeated counterintelligence and was forced to flee the army, and now he is begging. Charnota objects: he saved Seraphim from death. Lusya reproaches Seraphim for inaction and goes into the house. Golubkov enters the yard, playing the hurdy-gurdy. Charnota assures him that Serafima is alive and explains that she went to the panel. Seraphim arrives with a Greek, hung with purchases. Golubkov and Charnota rush at him, he runs away. Golubkov tells Seraphim about love, but she leaves with the words that she will die alone. Lyusya, who came out, wants to open the bundle of the Greek, but Charnota does not give it. Lucy takes the hat and announces that she is leaving for Paris. Khludov enters in civilian clothes - he has been demoted from the army. Golubkov explains that he found her, she left, and he will go to Paris to Korzukhin - he is obliged to help her. They will help him cross the border. He asks Khludov to take care of her, not to let her go to the panel, Khludov promises and gives 2 lira and a medallion. Charnota travels with Golubkov to Paris. They are going away. Dark.
Dream 7 (Paris, autumn 1921)
Golubkov asks Korzukhin for a $1,000 loan for Serafima. Korzukhin refuses, says that he has never been married and wants to marry his Russian secretary. Golubkov calls him a terrible soulless person and wants to leave, but Charnota arrives, who says that he would sign up for the Bolsheviks to shoot him, and having shot him, he would sign out. Seeing the cards, he invites Korzukhin to play and sells him Khludov's medallion for $10. As a result, Charnota wins $20,000 and redeems the medallion for $300. Korzukhin wants to return the money, Lucy runs to his cry. Charnota is startled, but doesn't give it away. Lyusya despises Korzukhin. She assures him that he lost the money himself and cannot get it back. Everyone disperses. Lusya quietly shouts out the window to Golubkov to take care of Seraphim, and Charnota to buy his pants. Dark.
Dream 8 (Constantinople, autumn 1921)
Khludov alone talks with the ghost of the orderly. He is suffering. Serafima enters, tells him that he is ill, and is executed because she let Golubkov go. She is going to return to Peter. Khludov says that he will also return, and under his own name. Seraphim is horrified, it seems to her that he will be shot. Khludov is happy about this. They are interrupted by a knock on the door. This is Charnota and Golubkov. Khludov and Charnota leave, Serafima and Golubkov confess their love to each other. Khludov and Charnota return. Charnota says that he will stay here, Khludov wants to return. Everyone answers him. He invites Charnota with him, but he refuses: he has no hatred for the Bolsheviks. He's leaving. Golubkov wants to return the locket to Khludov, but he gives it to the couple, and they leave. Khludov alone writes something, rejoices that the ghost has disappeared. He goes to the window and shoots himself in the head. Dark.

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Summary of M. A. Bulgakov Beg

First dream, Northern Tavria, October 1920
In the monastery church, dimly lit by candles, there are several people. Golubkov, the son of a professor from St. Petersburg, is taking Serafima Korzukhina to the Crimea to her husband, a fellow minister of trade. The pregnant woman Barabanchikov lies on a bench, wrapped in a blanket with her head. And the chemist Makhrov is sitting by the window. Barabanchikova often groans, but categorically refuses Golubkov's proposal to run to the village for a midwife. Suddenly, the Reds appear, check the monastery and the documents of everyone who is there.
After they leave, Barabanchikov starts cursing. She says that General Krapchikov received a message that the Reds were in the rear, but instead of deciphering, he sat down to play screw. Hearing the voice of the white commander de Brizard, Barabanchikov throws off his blanket and turns into General Charnot. He tells de Brizar and his marching wife Lyuska that the entire headquarters was shot by the Reds, and he escaped with difficulty. In the village, the teacher Barabanchikov gave him, by mistake, not his documents, but his pregnant wife.
Makhrov also turns out not to be who he claims to be, but Africanus, Archbishop of Simferopol. The monks are very happy about his appearance, but when Charnota informs Afrikan that the white army is leaving for the Crimea, because. Budyonny is about to catch up with them, his Eminence without hesitation abandons the monks and runs along with Charnota. Golubkov persuades the whites to take them with him, but Serafima tries to refuse. She doesn't have a fever, Lyuska says it's typhus. Serafima is being led away into a gig.

Second dream, Crimea, early November 1920
A large station, the hall is filled with white officers. There are field telephones everywhere, and staff cards with flags. The headquarters of the front has been standing here for the third day. General Roman Valeryanovich Khludov, an emaciated, sick man, is trying quite hard to solve a problem that an armored train cannot pass through. Khludov is not interested in the details, he simply gives the order to arrest the commandant and hang the head of the station if the problem is not resolved in 15 minutes.
When Charnota arrives, Khludov orders him to leave for Karpov ravine, he dimly leaves, faithful Lyuska follows him. Seraphim's husband Korzukhin appears. He wants to know about the fate of the workers arrested by Khludov in Simferopol. Yesaul Golovan shows Korzukhin where the workers were hanged. Shocked Korzukhin asks to let wagons with export fur goods go to Sevastopol. The general orders these trains to drive into a dead end and set on fire. Korzukhin threatens to report everything to the commander-in-chief.
The Commander-in-Chief arrives, accompanied by Archbishop African. Khludov informs him that the Bolsheviks are in the Crimea. African fearfully prays, but Khludov rudely interrupts him and declares that God has long since abandoned them. After the departure of the Commander-in-Chief, Khludov opens the envelope given to him and orders to curtail the headquarters and move to Sevastopol. The headquarters is quickly emptying, but then Seraphim appears, Golubkov and the messenger Krapilin are trying to keep her. Seraphim shouts to Khludov that he is a beast, all he does is hang people, but he cannot stop the Reds. Golubkov begs Khludov not to listen to the poor woman, as she is ill. Khludov finds out what her name is and calls Korzukhin, but he immediately sensed a trap and renounced his wife. Seraphim and Golubkov are arrested, and Krapilin continues to accuse Khludov, calls him a jackal and a coward, and suddenly shudders, waking up. He says that he was in oblivion, and begs him to have mercy, but Khludov orders the messenger to be hanged.

Tretyson, Crimea, early November 1920.
Tykhy, the head of counterintelligence, threatened Golubkov to say that Serafima Korzukhina was a communist, that she had come to Sevastopol for propaganda and connection with the underground. Having released Golubkov, Tikhiy summons Seraphim. She is very sick, but Tycho needs her confession to blackmail her husband. He sends his servant Skunsky to Korzukhin, hoping to get ten thousand dollars from him, and promising Skunsky two thousand. Serafima, when she read Golubkov’s testimony, rushed to the window, broke the glass with her elbow and began to shout and call for help to Charnot, whose cavalry was just passing past. Blackness with a revolver in his hands freed Seraphim.

Fourth dream, Crimea, early November 1920
In the palace office, the Commander-in-Chief reprimands Korzukhina for an article published in his newspaper. In a mocking form, it is written about the Commander-in-Chief, and even comparing him with Alexander the Great looks insulting. Angry, Korzukhin decides to leave for Paris, and quickly leaves. Khludov appears and again starts talking disparagingly with the commander-in-chief, and after the threat of arrest he declares that a convoy is waiting for him in the lobby, and threatened with a scandal. The commander-in-chief understood that Khludov had been hiding his hatred for him for a long time. Khludov did not deny that he hated the commander-in-chief for the fact that it was he who involved everyone in this futile struggle.
Left alone, Khludov talks to himself. Golubkov appears, he came to the Commander-in-Chief in the hope of achieving justice. Seeing Khludov, Golubkov was taken aback. Khludov recognized the visitor, called the Yesaul and ordered Seraphim to be brought to the palace, if she had not yet been shot. Golubkov flew into a rage at these words and promised to kill Khludov if that was the case. Seeing how the general was talking to an incomprehensible person, Golubkov declared that he was crazy. Khludov threw a revolver at him, but Golubkov refused to shoot. Golovani enters and reports that Seraphim is alive, but Charnota took her to Constantinople. Golubkov tells Khludov that he is sailing with him to Constantinople.

Fifth dream, Constantinople, summer 1921
Hot stuffy street of Constantinople. Drunk Charnota trades in rubber bouncing toys, the trade is going badly. Charnota approaches the cashier, where cockroach races are betting, and asks the cashier to bet on credit. She sends Charnota to the owner Arthur, he refuses the loan. Charnota sells Artur cheap silver gas and a box of toys and stakes everything on the Janissary cockroach. The race began, the people gathered. And then someone shouted: "The Janissaries are failing!" As it turned out, Arthur was drinking a beer cockroach. Angry people rush at Arthur, he tries to escape and calls the police. A fight between the Italians and the British begins, knives are used. Charnota at the cash register grabs his head. The dream is falling apart.

Sixth dream, Constantinople, summer 1921
At home, Charnot tells Lucy that the goods were stolen from him, but she understands that Charnot lost the money. There is nothing to eat in the house, Lucy got angry and began to scream that now she had to go to the panel again to feed Blackness and Seraphim. She hears these words, promises to get money and leaves. Golubkov enters the yard, playing the hurdy-gurdy. I saw Charnota, I was glad that I had finally found them. But when he found out where Serafima had gone, Golubkov fell into a rage. He hit the Greek who came with her in the ear. Seraphim is very ashamed because she is a beggar, because Golubkov saw all this, and she runs away. Lucy also leaves Charnota, saying that she is leaving for Paris. Khludov appears in civilian clothes, it was he who sheltered Golubkov in Constantinople. Golubkov asks Khludov to find Seraphim and take care of her while he goes to Paris to Korzukhin and forces him to help his wife. Charnota goes with Golubkov.

Seventh dream, Paris, autumn 1921
Golubkov tells Korzukhin about Seraphim's plight, but he declares that he does not know her and has never been married. Then Golubkov asks for a thousand dollars for a loan. Korzukhin, in response, gives a lecture on how hard it is to get money to give it to strangers. Golubkov had already decided to leave, but then Charnota appeared in nothing but underpants. He offers to play Korzukhin and puts Khludov's medallion at an extremely low price: $10. The game ended with Charnot winning twenty thousand dollars. He redeems the medallion for $300 and is about to leave. Korzukhin starts screaming and demanding money back, and then Lucy appears. Charnota shows no surprise. Lucy reassured Korzukhin, saying that once you lost, you can’t change anything. In parting, Lucy tells Golubkov through the window to take care of Seraphim, and Charnote wished to buy pants for herself.

Vosmoison, Constantinople, autumn 1921.
In his room, Khludov is talking to the ghost of the orderly, telling him that he will fulfill his obligation to the living, that's when ... Serafima enters, trying to find out who he is talking to. The woman tells Khludov that he is ill, but everything is in the past, he no longer needs to be executed for what he did. Serafima said that she thinks about Golubkov all the time, regrets that she let him go to Paris. And then there is a knock on the door, it is Charnota and Golubkov who have returned. Serafima is very happy, she and Golubkov decide to return to Russia. Charnotar decides that he will remain in Constantinople. And Khludov says that he would also like to return. Everyone is trying to dissuade him, saying that he will inevitably be shot. Charnot leaves, followed by the lovers. Khludov is left alone, writes a note, shows it to the ghost, rejoices that the messenger has disappeared. He goes to the window, shoots several times, fires the last bullet into his head. Dark.

Please note that this is only a summary of the literary work "Running". This summary omits many important points and quotations.

Operator - L. Paatashvili

Mosfilm, 1970

The play "Running" was transferred by Mikhail Bulgakov in 1928 for staging at the Moscow Art Theater. But the censorship did not see in it evidence of the "historical correctness of the conquests of October", Stalin called the play an "anti-Soviet phenomenon", it was banned. The writer never had a chance to see his favorite offspring on stage.

Meanwhile, the very title of the play testified to the fact that Bulgakov did not at all intend, as he was charged with, to sing of the "White Guard martyrs." Depicting the Civil War, the writer sought to take a high and objective point of view, evaluating both the Reds and the Whites without prejudice. No wonder the poet and artist Maximilian Voloshin called Bulgakov the first who managed to capture the soul of Russian strife.

"Running" is a rapid whirlpool of historical events, as if self-originating and exceeding in their power the significance of anyone's separate individual wills and desires. "Running" is the retreat and defeat of the Whites in the Crimea, the emigration to Constantinople of those who lost the war, and with them those who, due to confusion and spinelessness, were drawn into the general stream. "Flight" is a cockroach tote, a metaphor for the humiliating struggle for the existence of Russian emigrants in Constantinople and Paris, their position as outcasts ("Outcasts" - one of the original titles of the play). The finale of the play is the return to beloved Russia of two of the numerous heroes of the play.

Directors Alexander Alov and Vladimir Naumov filmed "Running" in 1971. Bulgakov's play is a purely theatrical thing. To go beyond the stage, the directors of the film use some of the motifs and images of Bulgakov's novel The White Guard, as well as documents on the history of the Civil War. The school of Igor Savchenko helped the directors to get away from the theatricalization of the film spectacle, from whom they studied at VGIK and worked as an assistant. As well as significant personal experience accumulated in the creation of such famous films as "Anxious Youth", "Pavel Korchagin", "Wind", "Peace to the Incoming", "Bad Anecdote".

In the first parts of the two-part film "Running", its directors resolutely transfer the drama into the genre of the epic film. This is also facilitated by the art of cameraman Levan Paatashvili, whose expressive large-scale compositions convey both the tension of battles and the quiet beauty of fading nature, powdered with the first, pure snow. The snow has not yet compacted and with a bluish fluff envelops the fields and copses, through which the golden domes of temples gleam. This is how the image of Holy Rus' is created on the screen, for which the heroes of the film, abandoned by fate in a foreign land, will yearn.

The pictures of the flight, as well as the subsequent life of emigrants in Constantinople, embody the drama of the guilty: the fleeing lost to Russia, they lost the right to live in a businesslike way on their native land. The reason is simple: for the most part, the people did not support the white movement. A gulf arose between working people and "gold chasers". This feeling of a fatal break, as the film shows, also penetrates into the White army, leads to a growing stratification even among the officers, not to mention the mood of the soldiers from the peasants and workers, mobilized for another war after the recent world war.

The episodes of the preparation of the troops of the Southern Front of the Red Army for the passage through the Sivash and the assault on the Yushun strongholds, in comparison with the colorful pictures of the Wrangel run, look boringly businesslike on the screen. The plan of attack on the Crimea is being discussed, front commander Mikhail Frunze listens to the considerations of his subordinates, gives instructions, makes amendments to the original plan, caused by the arrival of early cold weather.

And then Sivash is shown in the film. Under the feet of the Red Army soldiers, it is difficult to pass slurry. Their boots and windings are covered with mud. The Red Army soldiers were tired in previous battles. The passage through the Sivash is devoid of even a hint of outward majesty on the screen. Nevertheless, these scenes are beautiful in their own way: they are inspired by the belief of the Red Army soldiers in the justice of the last battles "for land, for freedom", their hope for the approaching world, the dream of returning to their families, to peaceful work. When discussing The Run, voices were sometimes heard that the epic of its first series does not always fit in with the scenes of different genres of the second, in which the authors of the film allegedly made a concession to theatricality. It seems that such accusations are unfair. Of course, at the beginning the film reveals more distinct signs of a work of directing and staging. But even narrowing the action to acting duets, to everyday scenes, Alov and Naumov do not change the cinematography.

Life in exile, the film shows, turned out to be so difficult that it deformed many characters, making some people funny, others gloomy tragic in their actions. Already in the first series, General Khludov looks like a man with an upset mind. The front commander is exhausted by terrible fatigue, openly despises the cowardly and inept commander-in-chief Wrangel, and is the first to realize that the white army is doomed to complete defeat.

General Khludov is not able to change anything in the conditions of general chaos and paralysis of the will, moreover, he begins to understand that "running", that is, the course of historical events, is inevitable and independent of individual aspirations. Nevertheless, he continues to fulfill his duty of honor, as he understands it, trying in vain to stop the enemy’s advance. He issues orders, ruthlessly punishing those who disobey or are unable to carry them out. He hangs people, wanting to restore order in conditions of absolute confusion and panic. Perfectly aware of the futility of his own intentions and the cruelty of his actions, and ironically over himself.

"He frowns, twitches, loves to change intonations ... When he wants to portray a smile, he grins. He excites fear" - this is how Bulgakov defined the external drawing of the role of Khludov, a character who is "all sick, from head to toe."

The remarkable acting achievement of Vladislav Dvorzhetsky is that he plays the person who brought the passionate fulfillment of duty to butchery in the film outwardly completely impassively. Only Khludov's huge eyes on his gravely pale face correspond to Bulgakov's description - "his eyes are old."

Without raising his voice and without changing intonations, General Khludov is talking to the orderly Krapilin. Krapilin - a tall, strong soldier with a well-sculpted Slavic face and a serious, honest look - is played in the film by Nikolai Olyalin. It is the messenger Krapilin who boldly tells the hangman general the truth that he himself already knows: "You won't win the war by choking alone." And he promises Khludov such a future: "And you will be lost, jackal, you will be lost, frantic beast, in a ditch." Khludov immediately orders Krapilin to be executed. They throw a bag over the soldier and hang it on the nearest lamp.

Time passes, Khludov finds himself with other emigrants in Constantinople, becomes like a somnambulist: the ghost of Krapilin appears to him again and again.

Bulgakov's play "Running" has the subtitle "Eight Dreams". And it tries a special form of dramaturgy, in which the events look partly real, partly as if arising in disturbing dreams. In the film by Alov and Naumov, the phantasmagoric nature of the "eight dreams" is conveyed by various means.

In the image of Khludov, the general abnormality of the existence of emigrants, whom fate carries around the world, is intensified by the general's mental illness. Khludov takes the phantom of an inflamed conscience for reality, but at first he cannot understand why the soldier Krapilin is relentlessly pursuing him. The general asks the messenger: "How did you unstick yourself from a long chain of bags and lanterns, how did you leave eternal rest? After all, there were many of you, you were not alone."

Later, General Khludov, who is relentlessly accompanied by the ghost of a courageous truth-seeking soldier, cannot stand the pangs of conscience and decides to "execute himself." The action that surfaced in Khludov's sick imagination is visibly and impressively deployed on the screen.

Khludov rides across a huge snow-covered field past endless chains of motionless soldiers, getting closer and closer to Krapilin, who was waiting for him. Having come close, he asks: "Say something, soldier! Don't be silent!" Krapilin only nods in response, and Khludov of his own free will goes to the gallows, the executioner throws a sack over him. "And then what happened? Just darkness, nothingness - heat ..." Khludov mutters, experiencing the fate of the hanged man.

In the earliest version of Bulgakov's play, Khludov committed suicide. In the finale of "Running", given in 1928 to the Moscow Art Theater, General Khludov, together with Serafima Korzukhina and Golubkov, returned to Russia. In 1937, Bulgakov partly redid his work. Now, in the finale, Khludov, remaining in Constantinople, put a bullet in his forehead. For all the difference in these finals, they were certainly associated with the figure of Khludov, on the resolution of whose fate the meaning of the play largely depended.

Alov and Naumov chose a different course. The end of their film is not related to Khludov at all, but is another, bright this time, dream - the dream of Korzukhina and Golubkov about Russia. The authors of the film leave the fate of Khludov unclear. The general wanted to board a steamer sailing for Russia, but did not dare to do so. His solitary figure on the shore of the Bosporus is seen from a steamer moving away from the shore. It shrinks and shrinks in the distance, and suddenly the filmmakers cut in a close-up of Khludov. With fixed, cold and old eyes, he looks after the people who will soon see their homeland.

One of the critics called Bulgakov's play "a pessimistic comedy". In the film, Alov and Naumov also mix the dramatic with the comedy, the tragic with the farce. The figures of General Khludov and the Cossack General Charnoty, brilliantly played by Mikhail Ulyanov, are contrasting and at the same time inextricably linked.

In the Charnota line, the tragedy of white officers is reduced to a farce. Unlike Khludov, Charnota is not a hangman, but a brave grunt in open battle. “I did not run from death,” he recalls in Constantinople, not without pride. But even he, who was subordinate to such people as Khludov and the commander-in-chief, is involved in the general "race" of historical events, which for him personally in a foreign land acquired the grotesque form of participation in cockroach races.

Charnot lost all his remaining property, becoming an inspired frequenter of the booth, where he invariably bet Janissary on the cockroach. - in desperation, breaks off his pince-nez when the insect fails him once again, interrupting his run along the path. How Charnota rushes with his fists at the owner of the tote, how he begins to beat with pleasure in the general brawl that ensued in the booth.

If Khludov's orderly became a rider in the circus in Constantinople, General Charnota became something like a clown. He sells stupid toys from the stall, shouting invitingly: "Does not beat, does not break, but only somersaults." To a certain extent, the same can be said about him. From the balcony of the miserable hotel of Charnot, he impotently “shoots” with a revolver the hated Constantinople with its stuffy streets, minarets and bazaar, and then, mingling with the crowd, asks for alms. But he does this with evil excitement: "Give it, well ... I'm a general, I want to eat ... well, give it!"

Arriving in Paris, the former landowner and owner of the Charnot stud farm is forced to sell trousers and parade through the Latin Quarter and the Seine embankment in the same underpants. Once in the respectable house of the wealthy emigrant Paramon Korzukhin, Charnota squeezes him in her arms and kisses him passionately, with a whistle, passionately. But Korzukhin, having come to his senses and spat, declares that he will not lend money. Then Charnota offers to play cards.

The general's eyes sparkle from under the pince-nez, the figure in the underwear springs up, as if preparing to jump. The tragic farce line of Charnota, which Ulyanov confidently led, reaches its climax here. In the course of the game, the stakes are increasing, the excitement is growing, the players (Korzukhin is played by Evgeny Evstigneev) are addicted to strong drinks, the pace is growing. The satirical grotesque turns into buffoonery. The scene is built on long panoramas and a series of short medium shots, allowing you to see the growing tension in the plasticity and facial expressions of the players. At the end of it, Korzukhin, drunk in the smoke on the floor, among the bottles, tries with a frail hand to drag in his direction at least one of the huge pile of dollars won by Charnota.

Throughout the film, Ulyanov plays a hot-tempered, reckless, capable of being carried away to oblivion by some kind of tote or Charnot cards, while conveying ironic overtones by inexplicable acting means: his hero "does not beat, does not break, but only somersaults." Charnota constantly maintains a distance between the inner "I" and the forced clown mask put on.

Returning from Paris to Constantinople, Charnota does not dare to sail on a ship to Russia, which he would like more than anything in the world, and bitterly reconciles with the fate of the eternal wanderer: "Who am I now? I am an eternal Jew now! I am Ahasuerus! I am a flying Dutchman "Damn I'm a doggy!"

Only the former Privatdozent of St. Petersburg University Golubkov and Serafima Korzukhina, the wife of a greedy and cowardly Parisian rich man, whom he renounced, return to their homeland. It is she - the most defenseless and innocent victim of the historical "run" - that Golubkov, Charnot and even Khludov are trying to help throughout the entire plot. In a moment of despair, the poor and hungry Serafima comes out on the panel, but the matter ends in a tragedy: Golubkov and Charnota find a voluptuous Greek who barely had time to invite Seraphim to a coffee shop and throw him out the door. However, the line of Seraphim is dramatic only in the external course of events, the actress Lyudmila Savelyeva failed to fill the role with any intelligible emotional content.

Alexei Batalov plays Golubkov as a kind of average "Chekhov intellectual". However, he is lost in the powerful figurative element of the film.

The Privatdozent in the story was tested by too cruel circumstances: in the counterintelligence of the White Army, under the threat of torture, he broke down and wrote a denunciation of Seraphim, as a result putting the life of his beloved woman at risk. In his chivalrous attitude towards Seraphim in exile, not only nobility, but also pangs of conscience, attempts to make amends should have been seen. But these shades are hardly distinguishable in the monotonously restrained, quiet and faded Golubkov.

However, it is precisely the characters, almost devoid of characters, that the authors of the film presented (which seems aesthetically not entirely justified) with a magnificent finale: Golubkov and Serafima merrily ride horses through a winter forest covered with lacy hoarfrost, and then for a long, long time across the virgin lands, until their figures dissolve in the snowy fields of Russia. It is clear that the reality of the return of Golubkov and Serafima will be different: in the country they will find devastation, hunger and will be forced to start the struggle for survival again. But it is not in vain that the finale is preceded by Golubkov's remark about both the past and the future: "But nothing happened ... it was all a dream. We will get there ... It will snow again and our tracks will be covered."

The film transforms the action from a nightmarish "dream" of emigration into a realistically depicted reality, but again into a dream - a bright dream-dream about Russia. In a chastely clean and lofty image of the Motherland, to leave which means to lose one's dignity, lose face and betray oneself to the eternal, gnawing and unsatisfied longing for the Fatherland "I will not go, I will be here in Russia. And be with her what will be" , - says one of the heroes of Bulgakov's Days of the Turbins, expressing the personal position of the author. This idea of ​​the writer is embodied in the play "Running", and in the film of the same name by Alov Naumov - one of the best adaptations of Bulgakov's works in Russian cinema.

The Budenovites come to check on the monastery church, where the St. Petersburg young Privatdozent Golubkov and Serafima Korzukhina are hiding. The pregnant Barabanchikova hides with them. Golubkov intends to flee to the Crimea, along with Korzukhina, who wants to meet her husband there. The white commander de Brizard appears, at the sight of which Baranchikova throws off her rags and appears in the form of General Charnota. The trinity leaves the monastery and goes to the Crimea.

Meanwhile, the Crimean station was turned into the headquarters of the white forces. Seraphim's husband, Korzukhin, serves as the Minister of Trade there. He asks General Khludov to push through a carload of fur goods, but the general orders the cargo to be burned. Later, Golubkov, Seraphim and the messenger of General Charnota - Krapilin appear. Serafima accuses Khludov of cruelty, for which the white staff accuse her of supporting the communists. Korzukhin renounces his wife, the orderly Krapilin is hanged for unflattering remarks about the activities of General Khludov.

Counterintelligence officer Tichiy threatens Privatdozent Golubkov to report on Serafima as a member of the Communist Party. Staff members believe that a communist wife will disgrace Korzukhin and he will pay off her with thousands of dollars. During the interrogation, Serafima breaks out the window pane and asks General Charnot for help. The one with the weapon beats off Korzukhina from the White Guards.

Later, Golubkov comes to Khludov with a complaint about the arrest of Seraphim. Privatdozent sees how the general is talking with the ghost of the orderly Krapilin. Khludov asks a subordinate staff officer to deliver Korzukhina to headquarters if she has not yet been shot. The staff officer returns with news that Charnota has recaptured Seraphim and taken her to Constantinople. Khludov decides to pursue the fugitives, Golubkov asks to take him with him.

In Constantinople, a drunken Charnota tries to win a bet on a cockroach race. He sells his possessions and bets all the money on a favorite among the cockroaches. However, the poisoned cockroach loses the race and Charnota loses his life savings. The general returns home, where Golubkov is waiting for him. He assures the St. Petersburg intellectual that Serafima is alive, but works as a courtesan. At this time, Seraphim is just returning, Golubkov confesses his love to her, but she rejects him. General Khludov arrives and reports that he has been demoted from the army. Charnota and Golubkov leave for Paris in search of Korzukhin.

In Paris, Golubkov finds Korzukhin and asks him to borrow money for Seraphim, but he refuses, citing the fact that he has never been married. Golubkov, furious, calls Korzukhin a rotten man. General Charnota comes and invites Korzukhin to play for money, in the end he wins 20 thousand dollars from him. Golubkov and Charnota return to Constantinople to Khludov's house. Here Serafima and Golubkov explain their feelings. Charnota decides to stay in Constantinople, as he no longer wants to fight the Bolsheviks. Khludov is left alone, he wants to return to Russia and continue the fight. The ghost of the messenger Krapilin returns, they talk, after which the ghost disappears. Joyful Khludov goes to the window and shoots himself in the temple.