Some people know from childhood that they want to become a doctor or a miner. Others have no idea who to work with at all. For some, finances and school results allow them to enter any faculty, while others choose from what is available. What if you still do not know which university is better to enter? Depends on what's stopping you from making a choice.

You do not know which university is better

A good university is a vague concept. To understand which university will make a cool specialist out of a student, you need to dig through a bunch of data.

Please note that university rankings vary. Simple lists like "100 best universities in the world" are not suitable: what they evaluate is not always necessary for a future profession. Look for ratings that reflect the employment of graduates: how many specialists found a job after graduation, how quickly they got settled, and whether they work in their specialty at all.

Information for thought:

1. Ratings of the Expert RA agency: starting from the abstract “best university” and ending with the list of the most demanded by employers.
2. Monitoring of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation on the employment of graduates.
3. Rating of the quality of educational activities (also according to the Ministry of Education).
4. An example of the salary rating of the SuperJob portal. Look for similar selections for other professions.

If you are going to enter, and your educational institution does not appear on any list, ask the representatives of the university if graduates find work easily. Perhaps the university does not track the fate of all graduates, but at least cooperates with employers and helps in finding employment. Ask about such programs: whether they operate and under what conditions.

Connect with alumni

1. How do employers react to a university degree?
2. Did the knowledge from lectures and seminars come in handy in your work?
3. How do colleagues rate the university?
4. Are graduates satisfied with the level of salary? How fast do they move up the career ladder?

Go to all open days

Universities hold meetings with applicants to praise themselves. Walk, listen. Ask how to find a job after graduation, whether it is possible to transfer to another faculty and how to do it.

Find out more about study opportunities, trips abroad. Ask questions about the equipment in the labs and even the quality of the food in the cafeteria.

You don't know who you want to be

Don't worry if you don't have what you want to do yet. You have time to choose the business of your dreams. But if you want to act now (not to waste time or for other reasons), try to find a suitable option.

Look for jobs you don't know about

Open the directory of professions (the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation has such and such) and see who you can work with. Just read the job descriptions in order. If you like something, go to any job search portal and view the vacancies. Analyze what requirements apply to applicants and what you will need to be able to do.

Sometimes such a free search gives more than all career guidance tests.

Choose a university with a large number of directions

If in a year or two you realize that you want to do something completely different, you can find a suitable specialty within your university. Then it will be easier to transfer to another faculty and take additional subjects.

Stop at the hardest

If you have no idea who you want to be, but you still need to study (your parents put pressure on you or you are more afraid of the army than sessions), then choose a difficult specialty.

First, there is less competition in difficult areas. Secondly, if you decide to change faculty or specialty, after a difficult study, everything else will seem like paradise. Thirdly, the skills of self-discipline and overcoming difficulties are the best that a modern university can give.

Choose a practical specialty

So that you can start right after your studies or even during it. Otherwise, after university, you may find yourself with a diploma that neither you nor the employer needs.

It is better to make money in an unloved position and save money for a new business than to spend several years on crusts that are not useful at all.

You don't have money

Training is expensive. Or not?

Don't get hung up on the big name

Roughly speaking, if you want to become a mathematician, you have to become a mathematician, not a student of the Best Mathematical University. Therefore, look for the desired specialty in other universities and in other cities. Maybe you will find an option for many thousands of kilometers, but with a scholarship.

Do not stop at Moscow and St. Petersburg: there are good universities not only in them. The HSE study on education accessibility in 2016 will help to take a fresh look at the geography of education.

Go to college

Colleges are cheaper. They run the program faster. And in a few years, you will have a ready-made specialty, work and the opportunity to study at the correspondence or evening department, without thinking about how parents will pay for their studies.

Choose a university that pays good scholarships

In many universities, active and talented students are encouraged by paying them additional scholarships. The region can also help with money.

Find out if the university you are going to has such scholarship holders. Ask how they got it. There will be a trifle - to become one of the best students of the university.

Try target set

The target set is when an enterprise pays for your training, and after graduation you must work at this very enterprise. Sometimes the contract is concluded not with the enterprise, but with municipal authorities. In fact, this is a kind of educational loan, only you have to repay the debt not with money, but with work.

Find out if the university you are interested in has a target set, ask what enterprises they work with. Take the contacts of the departments that conclude contracts - and go ahead, study the conditions and features of training.

Please note that orders for the enrollment of target recipients are signed earlier, and applications must be submitted in the spring. The best time to do it all is during spring break.

School graduate checklist

If you are confused about what to do right now, check yourself with a short instruction:

1. Decide who you want to be.
2. Make a list of universities that have the desired specialty.
3. Cross out schools that you can't afford.
4. In different ratings, check the position of the remaining ones.
5. Choose several universities for which it is worth trying and passing exams.

When compiling the list of universities, Trud newspaper experts used the ratings of the Reytor rating agency in the field of higher education, the rating of the best universities compiled by Ekho Moskvy and Interfax, data from the Association of Technical Universities, and biographies of major officials and businessmen.

The list contains the most numerous and popular destinations among incoming students. Some of them, such as nanotechnologies, are only developing and are available in very few universities. And others - mechanical engineering, chemistry and pharmaceuticals, construction, energy - can boast of the presence of specialized higher educational institutions.

Transport

Transport universities can be divided into three categories: railway, aviation and automobile. As a rule, they train both those who assemble and repair equipment and those who manage it.

One of the largest networks of universities is railway universities: Moscow State University of Communications and similar universities in St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk, Vladivostok.

The advantage of such universities is a good practice in local branches of the Russian Railways or other transport enterprises and the opportunity to find a job in their specialty.

For those who want to work in aviation, it is better to choose the Moscow or St. Petersburg Civil Aviation Universities, where both engineers and pilots are taught. And it is easiest for graduates of MADI, MAMI and St. Petersburg Polytechnic University to find a job in the production and sales of cars or at a logistics company. Or young professionals with a diploma from the Faculty of Logistics and Transport of the St. Petersburg University of Engineering and Economics.

mechanical engineering

The recognized leader in the training of engineers in the field of mechanical engineering for many years has been MSTU. N. E. Bauman, where there is a very strong teaching staff and good ties with employers. University graduates are in great demand - any plant will take a young specialist with such a diploma. Another pillar of engineering education in Russia is the St. Petersburg Polytechnic University.

In addition, this university has its own technopark, some of whose enterprises receive orders from foreign auto giants. For example, from BMW. Mechanical engineering faculties graduating specialists in machine-building technologies and equipment are at the Tomsk Polytechnic University, the Don Technical University and the Irkutsk State Technical University.

Information Technology

First of all, this is the Faculty of Higher Mathematics and Cybernetics of Moscow State University, Physicotechnical Institute, Moscow State Technical University. N. E. Bauman, MSTU "Stankin", MIREA and MIET, which is located in Zelenograd. The latter houses Russia's largest technopark, where students mainly work in IT enterprises. Graduates of information faculties are hired by large Russian and international IT companies and are often invited to work abroad.

If an applicant wants to enter information technology outside the capital, then it is best to choose St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg State University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, or any major technical university in the nearest region. For example, Ural State Technical University or Tomsk Polytechnic University.

Chemistry and pharmaceuticals

The central university for future workers in the chemical industry is RKhTU im. D. I. Mendeleev in Moscow. The university has a very good laboratory base, which is located in the new building. If a student wants to work at an enterprise, engage in the production of medicines, the development of new materials, biotechnology, then it is best to enter a specialized chemical and technological university.

For example, in RHUT, in the St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical Academy, St. Petersburg State Technological University or Kazan State Technological University. These universities have a lot of highly specialized departments, modern equipment, and most of the teachers are practitioners with their own scientific achievements and patented discoveries.

Energy

There are quite a few highly specialized energy universities: MPEI, Kazan and Ivanovo energy universities.

They produce energy specialists who are wildly popular in the labor market both because of the quality of teaching and because of the practice during their studies.

Construction

There is a construction university in almost all major cities, but the central and largest university is considered to be MGSU, which trains both civil engineers and architects.

There are architectural and construction universities in St. Petersburg, Tyumen, Tomsk, Novosibirsk, and there is also a construction department at the Ural State Technical University. B. N. Yeltsin and at the Siberian State Technological University. In Moscow, the best university is the Moscow State University of Land Management.

Nanotechnology

Specialties related to nanotechnology are available in all chemical universities. For example, in RKhTU im. D. I. Mendeleev has a specialty "Nanomaterials". Students in this specialty learn to design at a level close to the molecular one.

Nanotechnologies can also be studied at St. Petersburg State University, where there is a Nanobiology program created on the basis of the Faculty of Biology and Soil and Chemistry. At USU "Nanotechnologies" is at the Faculty of Physics.

The specialty "Nanomaterials" is also in the capital MISIS.

Electronics

In Moscow, electronic engineers are trained at MIREA, MTUCI, MIET and MEPhI. However, graduates of the latter are qualified as "engineers-physicists", and many go to work in research institutes and research and production organizations.

Strong specialists are also trained by the St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University. V. I. Lenin and Kazan State Technical University. A. N. Tupolev, where there is a faculty of radio-electronic and telecommunication systems.

Specialists in the field of electronics, telecommunications systems and communication systems are in demand in the labor market, as mobile communications and computer technologies are developing very rapidly. Moreover, work can be found in any region of Russia.

Food production

The head university specializing in the production of engineers and technologists for food production is the Moscow State University of Technology and Management, which has several branches in different regions of the country.

Oil and gas

There are three largest oil and gas universities in Russia - these are RGUNG named after. I. M. Gubkin in Moscow, Ufa State Oil Technical University and Tyumen State Oil and Gas University. Moreover, in the last two, it is even better to study than in the capital - it is easier to get an internship there and there are more teachers who have real experience in this specialty.

It is extremely difficult to enter any oil and gas university, since these two areas are wildly popular with applicants.

It is believed that a diploma from such a university guarantees you a job in oil companies or Gazprom. In fact, only those who constantly practiced during their studies will be able to get there. And this practice is more likely to be provided by the University of Tyumen, and not by metropolitan universities. Successful completion of an internship usually means a job offer

Passing score

70 "applied informatics" in SibFed
66 "informatics and computer technology" at MIET
56 "Chemical technology of organic substances" in RKhTU im. D. I. Mendeleev
70 "equipment and increase of wear resistance of machines and devices" RGUNG them. I. M. Gubkina

* The average score for the exam is considered as the arithmetic mean of the sum of scores for three subjects.

Personal experience

Natalia, MPEI graduate (Institute of Electric Power Industry)
I went to MPEI, because both my dad and my older sister studied there. In addition, I wanted a technical education - I loved both mathematics and physics, I have a technical mindset.
I went to one of the most demanded faculties - electric power industry. My sister also studied there.
She suggested to me the best specialty - "relay protection". This is the heart of energy. I chose her and have no regrets.
The fact is that even those MPEI graduates who studied in a different specialty often go to work in this area, since there is a lot of interesting and highly paid work. I was warned about this, so I immediately went to this particular specialization.
It just seems to me that in the first year no one really understands what they will do. And then I had to relearn.

Anna, a graduate of the Russian Chemical Technical University named after. D. I. Mendeleev (Engineering chemical-technological faculty)
I chose RCTU because I was interested in this specialty, besides Mendeleev is a very respected university.
After school, I spent a year preparing for admission - I went to courses at the institute, because it was simply impossible to enter after the 11th grade: the school does not provide such knowledge. And after a year of preparation, she entered, in general, without any problems.
She graduated from the university last year, and at first it seemed that she hadn’t learned much and there was absolutely nothing left of her knowledge in her head. Now I understand that this is not the case.
All the same, education does not dry out the brain, and the diploma gave me a good opportunity to show myself. But you still need to gain experience.
Now I work as a chemical engineer.

Alexander, MSTU "Stankin", 2nd course, Faculty of Information Technology
I entered this specialty because I was always attracted to hardware - I like to disassemble computers and other equipment, look at diagrams, delve into the details.
During my studies, I got acquainted with other operating systems: I realized that in addition to Windows, there are also Macintosh and Linux. And in general, now I know how to make my grandfather's computer work.
I think there should be no problems with employment, good hardware specialists are always in demand.
Technical education made me more organized, clear, practical. This is a good exercise for the brain.
The main thing is not to become like what you work with - a dry machine. Or not start thinking only about the pieces of iron, spend all the time with the computer.
To do this, it's good to have a sobering hobby, one where the brain works in a different direction. For example, I have a guitar.

The decision to go into politics comes to people for various reasons: someone wants to make the world a better place, create better living conditions for the people, make laws really work for people, finally defeat corruption.

A number of people dream of taking a high position in politics more for themselves, their enrichment, fame, new opportunities for developing their business and total control.

In any case, these people have different reasons, but a difficult path awaits them all, because becoming a famous politician is not easy!

In any case, in order to achieve success in this area, the main rule is a great desire to go towards your goal despite any circumstances, to truly love this area. So, how do you overcome the thorny path and become one of the deputies?

This person must have such qualities as purposefulness, dedication, dedication to his work, he must be socially active, he likes to always be in the spotlight.

What does it take to become a politician

• To become a politician, you need to go through a difficult and long way - this includes getting an education, social activities, joining the circles of rich and influential people. In Russia, before becoming a politician, almost everyone goes through these stages of development:
• To get higher education. More chances for applicants with legal, economic, business education. An educated person, perhaps with scientific degrees, will inspire more confidence among this "higher caste".
• Active social life, volunteer work. To make a rating, the support of society is needed. They trust more people who are ready to work without selfish goals, for the benefit of people, in order to really benefit and make the world a better place.
• It is necessary to join the ranks of a well-known political party. This step is desirable for those who really want to get involved in politics seriously. After all, it is here that you can meet people with a similar desire, gain trust and respect among them. Such activities will help to achieve the cherished goal much faster.
• To gain experience, participate in someone else's election campaign. It is here that you can gain valuable experience that will definitely come in handy in the future, see possible mistakes and choose the best strategy for your election campaign.
• It is necessary to take care of free time for politics and a stable income. Since the path to politics is not a matter of one year, but possibly a dozen years, in order to achieve this goal, the candidate must have two valuable resources - money and free time. Agree, it is difficult to combine the work of a full-time employee with an 8-hour working day and political activities. Attending meetings, volunteering and other activities certainly need to be given time. The best option is your own, albeit small, business that can work without your constant presence.
• In politics, you can't do without a big idea. All successful people in this circle are passionately passionate about some idea, goal, and constantly go towards it. It is she who must constantly nourish from the inside, help find the strength to fight on and win. This idea must be so strong that the society from your environment also becomes infected with it.

How to become a politician in Russia

Activity in your city, your region. People should know you as a responsible person who takes an active part in city life, helping to solve pressing problems. Indeed, often the path to big politics begins with such small steps. The main thing is to be persistent, act constantly and soon become a recognizable person, a famous activist.

Start from the bottom - in Russia, a novice politician can go to the local village council, city council, become a member of the administration. You may not even dream of getting a high position right away - remember, this path is long.

When it's time to run, the main thing here is to have a good amount of money. This is what will ensure the successful conduct of the election campaign, payment to agitators and other expenses. Of course, other people can pay for this, but at first you should rely on yourself.

Election campaign. Its careful design will help to get votes and get a good position in the elections.

In case of victory in the elections, it remains only to congratulate you! Here you need to work on your image, develop as a person, find reliable like-minded people.

But even in the event of the first defeat, you should not give up - everything is still just ahead, the career is just beginning. It is not worth retreating after a defeat, continue to actively help society again, achieve the respect of people and establish yourself as a person who really wants to help people.

Some graduates wish to devote their lives to psychology. But in order to become a good specialist, they have to endure a series of tests.

More and more young people want to acquire a profession that society needs. And then they turn their attention to psychology. Such specialists are in demand, receive a good salary and are not familiar with the routine at the workplace.

Profession psychologist

A psychologist is a specialist who helps people in solving problems through conversations.

People who have received this specialty will have to understand the intricacies of the human psyche, learn to be an attentive listener and sometimes help make fateful decisions.

Family psychologists help restore harmony in relationships and avoid separation. Such specialists will need to listen to both sides at once in order to help make the right decision.

Child psychologists are very popular. They have to understand the most complex psyche - the child's.

Such a specialist is needed in order to help get rid of the problem when it is still in its infancy.

Pros and cons of studying at the faculty

Like any other profession, psychology has its pros and cons. To begin with, we can say that studying to be a psychologist is not easy, but very interesting.

In addition, in the profession you can find such advantages:

But there are a number of disadvantages that you also need to pay attention to when applying:

• the psychologist has a great responsibility when he helps to make a decision;
• the psychologist must definitely understand the situation and give advice, the specialist does not know how to get away from help in solving the problem;
• at first it will not be easy to come to terms with the fact that other people think differently and no one has the right to condemn them for this;
• most psychologists pass every human tragedy through themselves.

After 11th grade

For 11th grade graduates, the list of subjects for passing the exam looks like this:

• Russian language;
• maths;
• social science;
• biology.

But it is worth clarifying the list at the university to which the graduate is going to apply. Some educational institutions allow you to choose to take only biology.

After 9th grade

Becoming a good psychologist is not easy. That is why there are so few educational institutions that are ready to give this specialty to 9th grade graduates. It is much easier to first study as a nurse or a nurse, and then continue your studies at the Faculty of Psychology.

In order to enter the medical college, you need to pass the following exams in the form of the GIA:

• Russian language;
• maths;
• chemistry;
• biology.

Important qualities

In order to enter the psychologist, it is enough to pass the exams well. But this is not enough to become a good specialist. Psychologists must have special character traits that will help to work with people.

These features are:

• respect for the individual;
• tolerance;
• desire to learn all your life;
• the ability to listen;
• the ability to empathize;
• goodwill;
• a responsibility;
• determination.

Psychology is a responsible and interesting profession that gives you the opportunity to develop throughout your life. Making a choice in favor of psychology, future students can be sure that people will need them.

Video: Psychologist. Introduction to the profession