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Compassion is an active helper. But what about those who don’t see, don’t hear, don’t feel when someone else is in pain and bad? An outsider, as they consider everyone except themselves, and perhaps their family, to which, however, they are also often indifferent. How to help both those who suffer from indifference and the indifferent themselves? From childhood, educate yourself - first of all, yourself - in such a way as to respond to someone else's misfortune and rush to the aid of someone in trouble. Sympathy is a great human ability and need, a benefit and a duty. People who are endowed with such an ability or who have alarmingly sensed a lack of it in themselves, people who have cultivated in themselves the talent of kindness, those who know how to transform sympathy into assistance, have a more difficult life than those who are insensitive. And more restless. But their conscience is clear. As a rule, they have good children. They are usually respected by others. But even if this rule is broken and those around them do not understand, and their children deceive their hopes, they will not deviate from their moral position. I recently had the good fortune to meet an old, wise doctor. He often appears in his department on weekends and holidays, not out of emergency, but out of spiritual need. He talks to patients not only about their illness, but also about complex life topics. He knows how to instill hope and cheerfulness in them. Many years of observations showed him that a person who never sympathized with anyone, did not empathize with anyone’s suffering, when faced with his own misfortune, turns out to be unprepared for it. He faces this test pitiful and helpless. Selfishness, callousness, indifference, heartlessness cruelly avenge themselves. Blind fear. Loneliness. Belated repentance. I One of the most important human feelings is empathy. And let it not remain just sympathy, but become action. Assistance. To someone who needs it, who feels bad, although he is silent, you need to come to help without waiting for a call. There is no radio receiver stronger and more sensitive than the human soul, if it is tuned to the wave of high humanity. (According to S. Lvov)

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Compassion is an active helper. But what about those who don’t see, don’t hear, don’t feel when someone else is in pain and bad? An outsider, as they consider everyone except themselves, and perhaps their family, to which, however, they are also often indifferent. How to help both those who suffer from indifference and the indifferent themselves? Compassion is an active helper. But what about those who don’t see, don’t hear, don’t feel when someone else is in pain and bad? An outsider, as they consider everyone except themselves, and perhaps their family, to which, however, they are also often indifferent. How to help both those who suffer from indifference and the indifferent themselves? Sympathy is a great human ability and need, a benefit and a duty. People who are endowed with such an ability or who have alarmingly sensed a lack of it in themselves, people who have cultivated in themselves the talent of kindness, those who know how to transform sympathy into assistance, have a more difficult life than those who are insensitive. And more restless. But their conscience is clear. As a rule, they have good children. They are usually respected by others. But even if this rule is broken and those around them do not understand, and their children deceive their hopes, they will not deviate from their moral position. Sympathy is a great human ability and need, a benefit and a duty. People who are endowed with such an ability or who have alarmingly sensed a lack of it in themselves, people who have cultivated in themselves the talent of kindness, those who know how to transform sympathy into assistance, have a more difficult life than those who are insensitive. And more restless. But their conscience is clear. As a rule, they have good children. They are usually respected by others. But even if this rule is broken and those around them do not understand, and their children deceive their hopes, they will not deviate from their moral position.

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I recently had the good fortune to meet an old, wise doctor. He often appears in his department on weekends and holidays, not out of emergency, but out of spiritual need. He talks to patients not only about their illness, but also about complex life topics. He knows how to instill hope and cheerfulness in them. Many years of observations showed him that a person who never sympathized with anyone, did not empathize with anyone’s suffering, when faced with his own misfortune, turns out to be unprepared for it. He faces this test pitiful and helpless. Selfishness, callousness, indifference, heartlessness cruelly avenge themselves. Blind fear. Loneliness. Belated repentance. I Recently I had the good fortune to meet an old, wise doctor. He often appears in his department on weekends and holidays, not out of emergency, but out of spiritual need. He talks to patients not only about their illness, but also about complex life topics. He knows how to instill hope and cheerfulness in them. Many years of observations showed him that a person who never sympathized with anyone, did not empathize with anyone’s suffering, when faced with his own misfortune, turns out to be unprepared for it. He faces this test pitiful and helpless. Selfishness, callousness, indifference, heartlessness cruelly avenge themselves. Blind fear. Loneliness. Belated repentance.

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One of the most important human feelings is empathy. And let it not remain just sympathy, but become action. Assistance. To someone who needs it, who feels bad, although he is silent, you need to come to help without waiting for a call. There is no radio receiver stronger and more sensitive than the human soul, if it is tuned to the wave of high humanity. One of the most important human feelings is empathy. And let it not remain just sympathy, but become action. Assistance. To someone who needs it, who feels bad, although he is silent, you need to come to help without waiting for a call. There is no radio receiver stronger and more sensitive than the human soul, if it is tuned to the wave of high humanity. (According to S. Lvov)

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A man was born. But who knows what will come of it? The concept of man in general is so limitless that it is impossible to answer such a question. A child can become a great artist, a great thinker, a great activist, an Aristotle, Columbus or Shakespeare - in a word, one of those people who are called benefactors of humanity. Of course, not only a simple, ordinary person can emerge, but even a completely insignificant person. On what reasons does all this depend? This question is usually answered without hesitation: from upbringing, from the circumstances of private life - in a word, from all kinds of influences, but not from the person himself. But those who see nothing further than such a look are cruelly mistaken. The greatness and dignity of a person most often does not stem from circumstances. This is confirmed by daily experience. Often, despite all the efforts of the parents, instructions, punishments, rewards do not produce the desired effect: books do not give thoughts, pictures of nature do not give sensations, and, in general, all possible actions on the pet do not give rise to his initiative, and often even interfere with its development. It is absolutely clear that every person can develop only when he develops himself. Upbringing and education do not produce development, but only give it opportunity; they open paths, but do not lead along them. A person can move forward in his development only on his own feet; he cannot ride in a carriage. No one can educate a person if she does not educate herself. Our homeland provides us with many examples of original development. Even until recently, most of our wonderful people were self-taught, people who received only a weak instruction, a weak push from the environment and created their own activities. Remember Lomonosov, running after a convoy of fish to Moscow. Here is a sample of many of our leaders.

Here are collected the most pressing problems related to compassion, which are addressed in texts from the Unified State Examination in the Russian language. You will find arguments relevant to these issues under the headings located in the table of contents. You can also download a table with all these examples.

1. The work clearly demonstrates an example of mercy towards animals Yuri Yakovlev “He killed my dog”. The boy Sasha (nicknamed Tabor), in a conversation with the school principal, talks about a dog abandoned by its previous owners, which he picked up. In the dialogue, it turns out that Sasha was the only one who cared about the life of a stray animal. However, no one treated the dog harsher than the boy's father. He – that’s what Sasha calls his father – killed the dog while he was not at home. For a compassionate child, this cruel and unfair act became a psychological blow, the wound from which will never heal. However, we can think about how great the power of his sympathy is, if even such relationships in the family did not eradicate in him the ability to lend a helping hand.
2. Gerasim, the hero, showed true mercy to the animal. He saved a small dog stuck in the river mud. With great trepidation, the hero nurses the small defenseless creature, and thanks to Gerasim Mumu, he turns into a “good dog.” The deaf-mute janitor fell in love with the animal he had saved, and Mumu responded in kind: she ran after him everywhere, caressed him and woke him up in the morning. Mumu's death left an indelible mark on the hero's soul. He experienced this event so painfully that he could never love anyone again.

Active and Passive Compassion

1. The authors of many works included in world and domestic classics endow their heroes with values ​​that correspond to the ability to compassion. Leo Tolstoy in the novel "War and Peace" endows his beloved heroine, Natasha Rostova, not only with compassion, but also with kindness and a desire to help those in need. In this regard, the scene in which Natasha asks her father to sacrifice their family’s property in order to take the wounded out of besieged Moscow on carts is indicative. While the city governor was throwing pathetic speeches, the young noblewoman helped her fellow citizens not in word, but in deed. (Here's another )
2. Sonya Marmeladova in the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment" It is out of a sense of compassion that he sacrifices his own honor and suffers for the poor children of Katerina Ivanovna. The young girl is endowed with the gift of empathy for the pain and need of others. She helps not only her family, her drunken father, but also the main character of the work, Rodion Raskolnikov, showing him the path to repentance and redemption. Thus, the heroes of Russian literature, endowed with the capacity for sympathy and mercy, at the same time demonstrate a willingness to sacrifice themselves.

Lack of compassion and its consequences

1. Essay by Daniil Granin “On Mercy” reveals this problem. The hero talks about how he fell near his home in the city center, and not a single person helped him. The author, relying only on himself, gets up and goes to the nearest entrance, and then home. The story that happened to the narrator prompts him to think about the reasons for the insensitivity of passersby, because not even a single person asked him what happened to him. Daniil Granin talks not only about his own case, but also about doctors, about stray dogs, about the poor. The author says that the feeling of compassion was strong in the war and post-war years, when the spirit of unity of the people was especially strong, but gradually disappeared.
2. In one from letters from D.S. Likhacheva For young readers, the author talks about compassion as a care that grows with us from childhood and is a force that unites people. Dmitry Sergeevich believes that a person’s concern, directed only at himself, makes him an egoist. The philologist also claims that compassion is inherent in moral people who are aware of their unity with humanity and the world. The author says that humanity cannot be corrected, but it is possible to change oneself. Therefore D.S. Likhachev stands on the side of active good. (Here are some more suitable ones.

Self-sacrifice out of mercy

1. In the story “Matryonin’s Dvor” by the Russian writer A.I. Solzhenitsyn The image of Matryona embodies the concept of sacrifice and altruism. All her life Matryona lived for others: she helped neighbors, worked on a collective farm, and did hard work. The episode with the upper room reveals the highest degree of her readiness to sacrifice her own for the good of others. The heroine loved her home very much; the narrator said that for Matryona, giving up the house meant “the end of her life.” But for the sake of her pupil, Matryona sacrifices him and dies, helping to drag the logs. The meaning of her fate, according to the narrator, is very important: the whole village rests on people like her. And, undoubtedly, the self-sacrifice of the righteous woman is evidence of the feeling of compassion for people inherent in a woman to its highest degree.
2. Avdotya Romanovna Raskolnik, heroine novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment", is one of the sacrificial heroes in this work. Dunya is ready to make any sacrifice for the sake of her loved ones. To save her older brother and mother from poverty, the girl first goes to work as a governess in Svidrigailov’s house, where she suffers insults and shame. Then he decides to “sell himself” - to marry Mr. Luzhin. However, Raskolnikov convinces his sister not to do this, because he is not ready to accept such a sacrifice.

The consequences of compassion and indifference

1. The ability to sympathize and active, active kindness makes a person happy. Gerasim from stories by I.S. Turgenev "Mumu" By saving a little dog, he not only does good, but also finds a true friend. The dog, in turn, also becomes attached to the janitor. Undoubtedly, the ending of this story is tragic. But the very situation of saving an animal, prompted by Gerasim’s sensitive heart, clearly shows how a person can become happy by once showing mercy and giving his love to another.
2. In the story by D. V. Grigorovich “The Gutta-percha Boy” Of the entire circus troupe, only the clown Edwards sympathized with the little boy Petya. He taught the boy acrobatic tricks and gave him a dog. Petya was drawn to him, but the clown could not save him from his hard life under the leadership of the cruel acrobat Becker. Both Petya and Edwards are two deeply unhappy people. There is no talk in the work about helping the boy. Edward could not provide a happy life for his child because he suffered from alcohol addiction. And yet, his soul is not devoid of sensitivity. At the end, when Petya dies, the clown becomes even more desperate and cannot control his addiction.
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(1) Compassion is an active helper.

(2) But what about those who don’t see, don’t hear, don’t feel when someone else is in pain and bad? (3) An outsider, as they consider everyone except themselves, and perhaps their family, to which, however, they are also often indifferent. (4) How to help both those who suffer from indifference and the indifferent themselves?

(5) From childhood, educate yourself - first of all, yourself - in such a way as to respond to someone else's misfortune and rush to the aid of someone in trouble. (6) And neither in life, nor in pedagogy, nor in art should we consider sympathy as a demagnetizing sensitivity, a sentimentality alien to us.

(7) Sympathy is a great human ability and need, a benefit and a duty. (8) People who are endowed with such an ability or who have alarmingly sensed a lack of it in themselves, people who have cultivated in themselves the talent of kindness, those who know how to transform sympathy into assistance, have a more difficult life than those who are insensitive. (9) And more restless. (10) But their conscience is clear. (11) As a rule, they have good children. (12) They are, as a rule, respected by others. (13) But even if this rule is broken and if those around them do not understand, and their children deceive their hopes, they will not deviate from their moral position.

(14)... it seems that they are having a good time. (15) They are endowed with armor that protects them from unnecessary worries and unnecessary worries. (16) But it only seems to them that they are not endowed, but deprived. (17) Sooner or later - as it comes around, it will respond!

(18) I recently had the good fortune to meet an old, wise doctor. (19) He often appears in his department on weekends and holidays, not out of emergency, but out of spiritual need. (20) He talks to patients not only about their illness, but also about complex life topics. (21) He knows how to instill hope and cheerfulness in them. (22) Many years of observations showed him that a person who never sympathized with anyone, did not empathize with anyone’s suffering, when faced with his own misfortune, turns out to be unprepared for it. (23) He faces such a test pitiful and helpless. (24) Selfishness, callousness, indifference, heartlessness cruelly avenge themselves. (25) Blind fear. (26) Loneliness. (27) belated repentance.

(28) One of the most important human feelings is sympathy. (29) And let it not remain just sympathy, but become action. (30) Assistance. (31) You must come to the aid of someone who needs it, who feels bad, although he is silent, without waiting for a call. (32) There is no radio receiver stronger and more sensitive than the human soul. (33) If you tune it to the wave of high humanity.

Lvov Sergei Lvovich (1922-1981) - prose writer, critic, publicist, author of numerous articles on Soviet and foreign literature, works of biographical and children's literature.

Main problems:

1. The problem of cultivating compassion (Is it necessary to cultivate the ability to sympathize in a person?)

2. The problem of a person’s ability to sympathize (How does the ability to sympathize and the lack of such ability affect a person’s life? Does a person need the ability to sympathize?)

3. The problem of the relationship between sympathy and active assistance to a person (What connection exists between sympathy and assistance?)

1. The talent of kindness and empathy must be cultivated in a person from childhood, and you need to start with yourself.

2. A person who has never had compassion for anyone is not protected from his own troubles and may be left alone.

3. A person with the ability to sympathize will be able to understand the pain of another person and hear his silent request for help, and then sympathy will become assistance.

>Essays by topic

Sympathy

People tend to feel and express their emotions - this is completely natural, inherent in us by nature itself. One of the important human feelings, in my opinion, is empathy. Showing pity, sincerely worrying about someone, sharing someone else’s pain and selflessly helping - this is what it means to sympathize. In my opinion, sympathy is one of the noblest feelings of a person, but it is not given to everyone, only very sympathetic and kind people know how to show genuine sympathy.

Although, probably, every person felt sorry for the crippled person begging for alms, and he gave him some money or fed hungry animals on the street.

Sometimes it is those who sympathize who, it would seem, do not know how to do this. There was such a case at our school. A hooligan boy named Misha, who repeatedly violated discipline, interfered with lessons, did not do his homework, etc. did something no one expected from him. In winter, after school, he returned home. A lot of snow had fallen the day before and there was severe frost. He accidentally discovered a little girl in a snowdrift; she was lightly dressed and wearing sandals. He asked her why she was sitting in a snowdrift like this, because it was very cold outside. It turned out that the girl was from a dysfunctional family, her parents drank, and she was left to her own devices. The child was hungry and very cold. Misha invited her to his home, fed her and gave her his old warm clothes, which were too small for him. In the evening, when his mother came, he told her everything, they left the girl with them for a while. Then the mother contacted law enforcement agencies, they took up the matter and eventually deprived the girl’s parents of parental rights. The police and the board of trustees expressed gratitude to the boy, and he was presented with a certificate of honor in front of the entire school. No one could believe that this bully was capable of sympathy and help.

Today's people have, indeed, become more cruel, callous and insensitive. A history teacher told us about an experiment with a lying man, thirty years ago, when a man was lying in a park, seemingly unconscious, almost everyone passing by came up to him and offered help. This experiment was repeated today, the result was disappointing: no one approached the lying man, and one even took off his hat and ran away. This is modern empathy.

I think we need to change something, become more responsive to other people's misfortune, show sympathy and offer our help. After all, someday you too may find yourself in trouble.

Sections: Russian language

Goals:

1. formation of language competence of students using ICT
2. updating the knowledge and skills of schoolchildren in creating essays
3. step-by-step development of an essay writing algorithm
4. deepening students' knowledge about the features of journalistic style
5. continuation of work on developing skills in using expressive means in text.

Lesson equipment: presentation (Appendix 1), text of S. Lvov’s article (Appendix 2), “worksheets” (Appendix 3)

Vocabulary work:

publicus – public, public
sympathy, compassion, empathy
humanity, humanity
selfishness, indifference

During the classes

I. Communicating the goals and objectives of the workshop lesson.

II. Teacher's word.

1. The task of today's lesson is to improve the skill of writing an argumentative essay based on a text in a journalistic style. Completing Part C when passing the Unified State Exam is one of the most difficult stages. It is impossible to do a job well that you don't know how to do. The workshop lesson will help you overcome the psychological barrier and acquire the skill of working in part C. Working in groups will create more comfortable conditions in the lesson for writing an essay-argument on S. Lvov’s article on compassion. (Texts were distributed to all students).

(For more successful work, it is necessary to appoint consultants from among strong students, “dictionary duty”).

2. Deepening knowledge students about the features of journalistic style.

– Name it distinctive features of journalistic style of speech.

(Each group completes the task, students' answers are written on the board).

– Please indicate linguistic features of journalistic style.

3. Vocabulary work.

– In the “work sheets” write down the lexical meaning of the words:

("Dictionary duty" presents the results of the work)

– Name the words - synonyms, antonyms, continue the synonymous rows of these words. This work will be useful to you while creating the text.

(Examples: selfishness– heartlessness, spiritual callousness, moral deafness; compassion- sympathy, empathy, sensitivity, responsiveness, cordiality.)

III. Practical work to prepare for writing an essay.

1. Essay-reasoning refers to the journalistic style, and its writing is subject to a certain algorithm, which clearly reflects all stages of work (slide 3).

First stage – introduction to the algorithm.

1. Statement of one of the problems in the source text
2. Comments on the selected issue
3. Formulation of the author's position
4. Arguments for or against the author’s position (one from literary sources)
5. Conclusion

– The sequence of stages must be taken into account when writing an essay and evaluating it. Let's turn to the text.

2. Students reading the source text:

(1) Compassion is an active helper.

(2) But what about those who don’t see, don’t hear, don’t feel when someone else is in pain and bad? (3) An outsider, as they consider everyone except themselves, and perhaps their family, to which, however, they are also often indifferent. (4) How to help both those who suffer from indifference and the indifferent themselves?

(5) From childhood, educate yourself—first of all, yourself—in such a way as to respond to someone else’s misfortune and rush to the aid of someone in trouble. (6) And neither in life, nor in pedagogy, nor in art should we consider sympathy as a demagnetizing sensitivity, a sentimentality alien to us.

(7) Sympathy is a great human ability and need, a benefit and a duty. (8) People who are endowed with such an ability or who have alarmingly sensed a lack of it in themselves, people who have cultivated in themselves the talent of kindness, those who know how to transform sympathy into assistance, have a more difficult life than those who are insensitive. (9) And more restless. (10) But their conscience is clear. (11) As a rule, they have good children. (12) They are, as a rule, respected by others. (13) But even if this rule is broken and those around them do not understand, and their children deceive their hopes, they will not deviate from their moral position.

(14) It seems to the insensitive that they feel good. (15) They are endowed with armor that protects them from unnecessary worries and unnecessary worries. (16) But it only seems to them that they are not endowed, but deprived. (17) Sooner or later - as it comes around, it will respond!

(18) I recently had the good fortune to meet an old, wise doctor. (19) He often appears in his department on weekends and holidays, not out of emergency, but out of spiritual need. (20) He talks to patients not only about their illness, but also about complex life topics. (21) He knows how to instill hope and cheerfulness in them. (22) Many years of observations showed him that a person who never sympathized with anyone, did not empathize with anyone’s suffering, when faced with his own misfortune, turns out to be unprepared for it. (23) He faces such a test pitiful and helpless. (24) Selfishness, callousness, indifference, heartlessness cruelly avenge themselves. (25) Blind fear. (26) Loneliness. (27) Belated repentance.

(28) One of the most important human feelings is sympathy. (29) And let it not remain just sympathy, but become action. (30) By assistance. (31) You must come to the aid of someone who needs it, who feels bad, although he is silent, without waiting for a call. (32) There is no radio receiver stronger and more sensitive than the human soul. (33) If it is tuned to the wave of high humanity.

(According to S. Lvov)

3. Text analysis.

A) Determination of style and type of speech.

– What style of speech does this text belong to?

– What type of speech predominates? Prove it.

– Name the grammatical, syntactic, stylistic features of the text.

Students work on sheets of paper and then voice the results of their analysis.

(the text belongs to the journalistic style, as it combines bookish and colloquial vocabulary; the predominant type of speech is reasoning with narrative elements (18-21 sentences); the text is full of rows of homogeneous members, parceled sentences; the style of the text is distinguished by restrained pathos, appropriate use of proverbs , metaphors, laconicism of judgments, rigor in the selection of expressive means; the author of the article is categorical in his conclusions, which is expressed both in the selection of vocabulary and in syntax - sentences are most often affirmative, parcellation enhances the significance of the argument; uncompromising judgments emphasize the firm position of the author).

You can use the results of the analysis when writing a commentary on your essay.

B) Finding the problem of the text.

– What problems do you think the author of the text is addressing?

(From the students’ answers, we highlight the most significant ones and write them down in “worksheets”):

1. how to cultivate the ability to compassion in a person.
2. Not every person has the ability to empathize. How does this affect his life?
3. The problem of active compassion: to sympathize means to really help.

We focus students' attention on the fact that, having chosen only one problem, they must talk about it, comment on it and select arguments on this problem.

It is impossible to do without this stage of work, since it is the support, the “skeleton” of the future composition. Without a correct definition of the problem, the essay will not be evaluated by experts.

4. Second stage - comments to the source text(slide 4).

Each group writes comments only on its chosen issue.

• The relevance of the problem you formulated
• Analysis of the author’s conclusions (logic, antithesis, question-and-answer form of presentation of the material, etc.)
• Which audience is addressed (youth, middle generation, general audience, etc.)
• Convincing arguments (indisputable facts, liveliness in the presentation of material, good knowledge of the problem being raised, emotionality)
• What means of expression does the author use (original metaphors, vivid epithets, rhetorical appeals, etc.) Comments should be written only on the selected issue (slide 6)

Each group reads out “work sheets” of comments on the selected issues. Text correction: what's missing? What's extra? What can be stated in a more generalized form?

Example comment:

The problem of effective compassion is relevant at all times. Addressing a wide audience, S. Lvov unconditionally condemns a person’s indifference to other people’s troubles and suffering. The author gives a vivid example of an old doctor’s selfless service to people. S. Lvov contrasts this type of personality with people who are selfish, callous, and heartless. Sooner or later, the author of the article believes, a person’s insensitivity will come back to him like a boomerang (“as it comes around, it will respond!”).
The author's uncompromising reasoning is justified by his strong moral position. Selfishness, moral deafness, and lack of compassion “cruelly avenge themselves,” the publicist believes.
Using parcellation (24-27 sentences), evaluative vocabulary (pathetic, helpless), an original metaphor (radio receiver - human soul), the famous prose writer draws the attention of us, readers, to the problem of human indifference. The article urges everyone not to stay away from human grief. According to S. Lvov, compassion should be active.

5. Third stage of work - finding the author's position(slide 5).

When reading the text again, find key words and phrases that help identify the author’s position. (We find out that there are several of them: in 5, 7-8, 28-29 sentences.)

Learning to generalize: working in groups. Each group identifies the author’s position on its problem.

It turns out the following:

Group 1: compassion must be cultivated from childhood, first of all in oneself.

Group 2: a person who cannot sympathize with others is morally defective. Moral deafness can turn against him.

Group 3: sympathy must be effective. You need to come to the aid of those in need without waiting for a call.

6. Fourth stage of the lesson – argumentation(slide 7).

Start argumentation may begin with words

• “I completely share the author’s point of view...” and then give 2 arguments “for”
• “I can only partially agree with the author of the article...” and give arguments for and against
• “I don’t think it’s possible to agree with the author of the text, because...” and give 2 arguments “against”
• Do not forget! THE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF POINTS -3- IS COUNTABLE FOR THOSE STUDENTS WHO PROVIDE AN ARGUMENT TAKEN FROM LITERARY SOURCES

Work on the selection of arguments can be carried out both in groups (for weaker students - a consultant) and individually.

Examples of arguments given by students:

1. One of the striking examples of active, effective compassion is the behavior of the heroine of L. Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace” Natasha Rostova during her flight from Moscow. Natasha, without any hesitation, gives up carts for the wounded, abandoning property to the mercy of fate.
2. Yulia Vrevskaya, the heroine of I. S. Turgenev’s lyrical miniature “In Memory of Yu. Vrevskaya,” showed dedication and active compassion.

1. Do not be distracted from the formulated problem: both comments and arguments should correspond specifically to this problem
2. Follow the paragraph division of the text
3. Avoid bulky sentences
4. If you're not sure, don't write! Replace words whose meaning you doubt
5. Do not overuse exclamation sentences and the answer-question form in the comments (no more than 2-3 times)
6. Check your essay: tautology (repetition of the same word in adjacent sentences) is the most common speech error. To avoid tautology, use paraphrases. Example: author of the article, publicist, last name of the author (for example, S. Lvov), famous author of articles on moral and ethical topics, critic, prose writer
7. Use synonymous rows, epithets, rhetorical figures of speech, phraseological units, default figures, comparative phrases, introductory constructions, rows of homogeneous members - and your essay will become more expressive

IV. Summing up the lesson.

– What did you find most difficult in the lesson?

– What should you pay more attention to in subsequent lessons?

Students note that they experience certain difficulties when writing a comment and selecting arguments.

– We will devote the next workshop lesson to practicing the skills of writing a commentary and selecting arguments. Using the worksheet materials, prepare drafts of the argumentative essay in the second hour of the workshop lesson.

In the second lesson, students, using the information from slides 3-8, create argumentative essay texts. Counselors and the teacher provide assistance to weaker students.

V. Creating a text (an example of one of the essays is given below)

How to learn one of the most humane qualities - compassion? Can this be taught? What should true empathy be like? These problems are raised in his article by the famous publicist S. Lvov.

I will focus on the problem of active, effective compassion.

The relevance of this problem today is undeniable. Addressing a wide audience,

S. Lvov with restrained pathos, but at the same time, uncompromisingly condemns a person’s indifference to other people’s troubles and suffering. The author gives a vivid example of selfless service to people - a story about an old doctor. S. Lvov contrasts this type of personality with people who are selfish, callous, and heartless. Sooner or later, the author of the article believes, a person’s insensitivity will return like a boomerang (“as it comes around, it will respond!”).

The famous prose writer, using parcellation (24-27 sentences), evaluative vocabulary (pathetic, helpless), original metaphor (radio receiver - human soul), draws the attention of us, readers, to the problem of the immorality of human indifference. The article urges everyone not to stay away from human grief.

And I can't help but agree with him. In fact, co-suffering, co-sympathy, co-experience are words of the same order. Co means together, at the same time, to overcome life’s adversities together with those who are in dire need of it. You are stronger and can lend your shoulder to the weaker - isn’t this the meaning of human coexistence? Otherwise, life will turn into existence (you just eat, sleep, everything else doesn’t concern you).

Recently I had the opportunity to read the memoirs of contemporaries about Anton Pavlovich Chekhov. A most noble personality... He never stayed away from human grief. Selfless work during the cholera epidemic, the construction of hospitals for ordinary peasants, schools for peasant children, constant care for numerous relatives, for everyone who turned to the famous writer - is this not an example of effective compassion?!

Chekhov's hero, the doctor Dymov from the story "The Jumper", saves a child with diphtheria at the cost of his own life.

Are there many such people in our lives? From my own, albeit small, experience, I know that now the majority are characterized by selfishness, spiritual callousness, and indifference. It is no coincidence that these days the slang word “don’t care” reflects the life position of modern youth, not the best part of it. People sometimes live by the principle “My house is on the edge - I don’t know anything.” Otherwise, how can we explain the fact that I know from a TV show: a daughter kicks her own mother out of the house, condemns her to vagrancy and calmly talks about it with journalists. The woman who gave life to this creature is slowly dying from the onset of gangrene... The daughter feels neither compassion nor remorse. Who will teach such a person mercy? And how can such a person be considered a Human?

I think there is no answer to this question. It all starts from childhood...

VI. Homework.

Finalize the draft version of the text created in the “worksheets”, taking into account all comments and recommendations. Establish logical connections between parts of the essay.