And such atrocities are on the account of the "heroes of Ukraine"!

We read and absorb. This is to be conveyed to the minds of our children. We need to learn to decently interpret the detailed terrible truth about the atrocities of the Bandera heroes of the Zvaryche-Khoruzhev nation.
Detailed materials about the struggle of the "heroes of the nation" on this land with the civilian population can be easily dug up in any search engine.

This is our proud history.

"...upovtsy on the day of the anniversary of the UPA decided to give their "general" an unusual gift - 5 heads cut off from the Poles. He was pleasantly surprised by both the gift itself and the resourcefulness of his subordinates.
Such "zeal" confused even worldly-wise Germans. On May 28, 1943, the General Commissar of Volhynia and Podolia, Obergruppenführer Schöne, asked the “Metropolitan” Polikarp Sikorsky to appease his “flock”: “National bandits (my italics) also show their activity in attacks on unarmed Poles. According to our calculations, 15,000 Poles have been muzzled today! The Janova Valley colony does not exist.”

In the “Chronicle of the SS Rifle Division “Galicia”, which was kept by its Military Council, there is the following entry: “03/20/44: there is a Ukrainian rebel in Volyn, which is probably already in Galicia, who boasts that he strangled 300 soul of the Poles. He is considered a hero."

The Poles published dozens of volumes of such facts of the genocide, none of which the Banderaites refuted. Stories about such acts of the Craiova Army will be typed in no more than a common notebook. Yes, and that still needs to be backed up by substantial evidence.

Moreover, the Poles did not ignore the examples of mercy on the part of the Ukrainians. For example, in Virka, Kostopol district, Frantiszka Dzekanska, carrying her 5-year-old daughter Jadzia, was mortally wounded by a Bandera bullet. The same bullet grazed a child's leg. For 10 days the child was with the murdered mother, eating grains from spikelets. The Ukrainian teacher saved the girl.

At the same time, he certainly knew what threatened him with such an attitude towards "outsiders". After all, in the same county, Bandera’s people muzzled two Ukrainian children just because they were brought up in a Polish family, and they smashed the head of the three-year-old Stasik Pavlyuk against the wall, holding him by the legs.

Of course, a terrible revenge awaited those Ukrainians who had no enmity towards the Soviet soldiers-liberators. OUN regional guide Ivan Revenyuk (“Proud”) recalled how “at night, from the village of Khmyzovo, a village girl of 17 years old or even younger was brought to the forest. Her fault was that she, along with other rural girls, went to dances when a military unit of the Red Army was stationed in the village. Kubik (commander of the military district of the UPA "Tura") saw the girl and asked Varnak (the conductor of the Kovel district) for permission to personally interrogate her. He demanded that she confess that she was "walking" with the soldiers. The girl swore that it was not. “And I’ll check it now,” Kubik grinned, sharpening a pine stick with a knife. In a moment he jumped up to the prisoner and with a sharp end began to stick between her legs until he drove a pine stake into the girl's genitals.

One night, bandits broke into the Ukrainian village of Lozovoe and killed over 100 of its inhabitants in an hour and a half. In the Dyagun family, a Bandera man hacked to death three children. The smallest, four-year-old Vladik, cut off his arms and legs. In the Makukh family, the killers found two children - three-year-old Ivasik and ten-month-old Joseph. The ten-month-old child, seeing the man, was delighted and laughingly stretched out her hands to him, showing her four cloves. But the ruthless bandit slashed the baby's head with a knife, and cut his head with an ax to his brother Ivasik.

From the village of Volkovya one night, Bandera brought a whole family into the forest. For a long time they mocked the unfortunate people. Then, seeing that the wife of the head of the family was pregnant, they cut open her stomach, tore out the fetus from it, and instead they pushed in a live rabbit.

“They surpassed even the sadistic German SS with their atrocities. They torture our people, our peasants... Don't we know that they cut small children, smash their heads against the stone walls so that the brain flies out of them. Terrible brutal murders - these are the actions of these rabid wolves, ”Jaroslav Galan called out. The OUN of Melnik, the UPA of Bulba-Borovets, the government of the Western Ukrainian People's Republic in exile, and the Union of Hetmans-Derzhavniki, who settled in Canada, denounced the atrocities of Bandera with similar anger.

Although belatedly, some Bandera people still repent of their crimes. So in January 2004, an elderly woman came to the editorial office of Sovetskaya Luganshchina and handed over a package from her friend who had recently passed away. The editorial guest explained that with her visit she was fulfilling the last will of a native of the Volyn region, an active Banderovka in the past, who by the end of her life rethought her life and decided with her confession to at least a little atone for an irreparable sin.

“I, Vdovichenko Nadezhda Timofeevna, a native of Volyn ... My family and I ask you to forgive us all posthumously, because when people read this letter, I will no longer be (a friend will fulfill my order).
Our parents had five, we were all inveterate Bandera: brother Stepan, sister Anna, me, sisters Olya and Nina. We all walked around in Bandera, slept in the huts during the day, and at night we walked and drove around the villages. We were given tasks to strangle those who sheltered Russian prisoners and the prisoners themselves. Men were engaged in this, and we, women, sorted out clothes, took away cows and pigs from dead people, slaughtered cattle, processed everything, stewed it and put it in barrels. Once, in one night, 84 people were strangled in the village of Romanov. They strangled the older people and the old, and the little children by the legs - once, hit the head on the door - and it's ready, and on the cart. We felt sorry for our men that they suffered hard during the night, but they would sleep off during the day and the next night - to another village. There were people hiding. If a man was hiding, they were mistaken for women ...
Others were removed at Verkhovka: Kovalchuk's wife Tilimon for a long time did not admit where he was, and did not want to open it, but she was threatened, and she was forced to open it. They said: "Tell me where the husband is, and we will not touch you." She admitted that in a stack of straw, he was pulled out, beaten, beaten until they beat him. And the two children, Styopa and Olya, were good children, 14 and 12 years old ... The youngest was torn into two parts, and Yunka's mother no longer needed to be strangled, her heart broke. Young healthy guys were taken to the detachments to strangle people. So, from Verkhovka, two brothers Levchukiv, Nikolai and Stepan, did not want to strangle, and ran home. We sentenced them to death. When they went after them, the father says: "Take your sons - and I'm going." Kalina, the wife, also says: "Take your husband - and I'm going." They took them out for 400 meters and Nadia asks: “Let Kolya go,” and Kolya says: Nadia, don’t ask, no one asked Bandera to take time off and you won’t beg.” Kolya was killed. Nadya was killed, their father was killed, and Stepan was taken alive, they took him to the hut for two weeks in his underwear - a shirt and trousers, beat him with iron ramrods so that he would confess where the family was, but he was firm, did not admit to anything, and last evening they beat him , he asked to go to the toilet, one led him, and there was a strong snowstorm, the toilet was made of straw, and Stepan broke through the straw and ran away from our hands. We were given all the data from Verkhovka by fellow countrymen Petr Rimarchuk, Zhabsky and Puch.
... In Novoselki, Rivne region, there was one Komsomol member Motrya. We took her to Verkhovka to the old Zhabsky and let's get a living heart. Old Salivon held a watch in one hand, and a heart in the other, to check how long the heart would beat in his hand. And when the Russians came, the sons wanted to erect a monument to him, they say, he fought for Ukraine.
A Jewish woman was walking with a child, ran away from the ghetto, they stopped her, beat her up and buried her in the forest. One of our Bandera went after Polish girls. They gave him the order to remove them, and he said that he threw them into the stream. Their mother came running, crying, asking if I had seen, I said no, let's go look, go over that stream, my mother and I go there. We were given an order: Jews, Poles, Russian prisoners and those who hide them, to strangle everyone without mercy. The Severin family was strangled, and the daughter was married in another village. She arrived in Romanov, but there were no parents, she began to cry and let's dig things out. Bandera came, took away the clothes, and closed the daughter alive in the same box and buried it. And her two small children remained at home. And if the children came with their mother, then they would be in that box. Was still in our village Kublyuk. He was sent to Kotov, Kivertsovsky district, to work. He worked for a week, and then what - they cut off Kublyuk's head, and a neighbor guy took his daughter. Bandera ordered to kill his daughter Sonya, and Vasily said: "Let's go to the forest for firewood." Let's go, Vasily brought Sonya dead, and told people that the tree had killed.
Timofey lived in our village Oytsyus. The old, old grandfather that he said, so be it, was that a prophet from God. When the Germans arrived, they were immediately informed that there was one in the village, and the Germans immediately went to the old man, so that he would say what would happen to them ... And he said to them: “I won’t tell you anything, because you will kill me ". The negotiator promised that they would not lay a finger on it. Then the grandfather said to them: "You will reach Moscow, but from there you will run away as best you can." The Germans did not touch him, but when the old prophet told the Banderas that they would not do anything by strangling the people of Ukraine, the Banderas came and beat him until they beat him.
Now I will describe my family. Brother Stepan was an inveterate Bandera, but I did not lag behind him, I went everywhere with Bandera, although I was married. When the Russians came, arrests began, people were taken out. Our family too. Olya agreed at the station, and they let her go, but Bandera came, took her away and strangled her. My father left with his mother and sister Nina in Russia. The mother is old. Nina flatly refused to go to work for Russia, then the authorities offered her to work as a secretary. But Nina said that she did not want to hold a Soviet pen in her hands. They again met her halfway: “If you don’t want to do anything, then sign that you will give out Bandera, and we will let you go home. Nina, without thinking for a long time, signed, and she was released. Nina had not yet arrived home, as Bandera was already waiting for her, they gathered a meeting of guys and girls and tried Nina: look, they say, whoever raises a hand against us, it will be like that with everyone. To this day, I don't know where it went.
All my life I carried a heavy stone in my heart, because I believed Bandera. I could sell any person if someone says something about Bandera. And they, cursed, may they be cursed by both God and people for all eternity. How many people have chopped up the innocent, and now they want to equate them with the defenders of Ukraine. And who did they fight? With their neighbors, damned murderers. How much blood is on their hands, how many boxes with the living are buried. People were taken out, but even now they do not want to return to that Bandera.
I tearfully beg you, people, forgive me my sins" (newspaper "Soviet Luganshchina", January 2004, N 1)...".

135 tortures and atrocities used by OUN-UPA terrorists against civilians

Driving a large and thick nail into the skull of the head.
Ripping off the hair from the head with the skin (scalping).
Striking with the butt of an ax on the skull of the head.
Striking with the butt of an ax on the forehead.
Carving on the forehead "eagle".
Driving a bayonet into the temple of the head.
Gouging out one eye.
Gouging out two eyes.
Nose cutting.
Circumcision of one ear.
Circumcision of both ears.
Piercing children with stakes through and through.
Punching with a pointed thick wire through and through from ear to ear.
Lip cutting.
Cutting the tongue.
Throat cutting.
Cutting the throat and pulling the tongue out through the hole.
Cutting the throat and inserting a piece into the hole.
Knocking out teeth.
Jaw breaking.
Tearing of the mouth from ear to ear.
Plugging mouths with tow when transporting still living victims.
Cutting the neck with a knife or sickle.

Vertical cutting of the head with an ax.
Rolling the head back.
Crushing of the head by placing in a vise and tightening the screw.
Cutting off the head with a sickle.
Cutting off the head with a scythe.
Cutting off the head with an axe.
Striking with an ax in the neck.
Stab wounds to the head.
Cutting and pulling narrow strips of skin from the back.
Infliction of other chopped wounds on the back.
Strikes with a bayonet in the back.
Breaking of the bones of the ribs of the chest.
Striking with a knife or bayonet at or near the heart.
Infliction of stab wounds to the chest with a knife or bayonet.
Cutting off women's breasts with a sickle.
Cutting off women's breasts and sprinkling salt on wounds.
Cutting off the genitals of male victims with a sickle.
Sawing the body in half with a carpenter's saw.
Infliction of stab wounds to the abdomen with a knife or bayonet.
Punching the belly of a pregnant woman with a bayonet.
Cutting the abdomen and pulling out the intestines in adults.
Cutting the abdomen of a woman with a long-term pregnancy and inserting instead of the removed fetus, for example, a live cat, and stitching the abdomen.
Cutting the abdomen and pouring boiling water inside - boiling water.
Cutting the stomach and putting stones inside it, as well as throwing it into the river.
Cutting the belly of pregnant women and spilling broken glass inside.
Pulling out the veins from the groin to the feet.
Investing in the groin - the vagina of a red-hot iron.
Insertion of pine cones into the vagina with the top side forward.
Inserting a pointed stake into the vagina and pushing it up to the throat, right through.
Cutting the women's front part of the body with a garden knife from the vagina to the neck and leaving the insides outside.
Hanging victims by the insides.
Inserting a glass bottle into the vagina and breaking it.
Inserting a glass bottle into the anus and breaking it.
Cutting the abdomen and spilling the food inside, the so-called fodder flour, for hungry pigs, which pulled out this food along with the intestines and other entrails.
Chopping off one hand with an axe.
Chopping off both hands with an axe.
Penetration of the palm with a knife.
Cutting off the fingers with a knife.
Cutting off the palm.
Cauterization of the inside of the palm on the hot stove of a charcoal kitchen.
Chopping off the heel.
Severing of the foot above the heel bone.
Breaking with a blunt instrument of the bones of the hands in several places.
Breaking with a blunt instrument of the bones of the legs in several places.
Sawing the body, lined with boards on both sides, in half with a carpenter's saw.
Sawing the body in half with a special saw.
Sawing off both legs with a saw.
Sprinkling of bound feet with red-hot coal.
Nailing hands to the table, and feet to the floor.
Nailing in the church on the cross of hands and feet with nails.
Inflicting blows with an ax to the back of the head to the victims, previously laid on the floor.
Striking with an ax all over the body.
Chopping a whole body into pieces with an ax.
Breaking on the living legs and arms in the so-called strap.
Nailing the tongue of a small child to the table with a knife, which later hung on it.
Cutting the child into pieces with a knife and throwing them around.
Opening the abdomen for children.
Nailing a small child to a table with a bayonet.
Hanging a male child by the genitals on a doorknob.
Knocking out the joints of the child's legs.
Knocking out the joints of the child's hands.
Strangulation of a child by throwing various rags on him.
Throwing little children alive into a deep well.
Throwing a child into the flames of a burning building.
Breaking the baby's head, taking it by the legs and hitting it against a wall or stove.
Hanging a monk by his feet near the pulpit in the church.
Planting a child on a stake.
Hanging a woman upside down on a tree and mocking her - cutting off her chest and tongue, dissecting her stomach, gouging out her eyes, and cutting off pieces of her body with knives.
Nailing a small child to a door.
Hanging upside down on a tree.
Hanging upside down on a tree.
Hanging on a tree with feet up and singeing the head from below with the fire of a fire lit under the head.
Throwing down from a cliff.
Drowning in the river.
Drowning by dropping into a deep well.
Drowning in a well and throwing stones at the victim.
Piercing with a pitchfork, and after roasting pieces of the body on a fire.
Throwing an adult into a fire in a forest clearing, around which Ukrainian girls sang and danced to the sounds of an accordion.
Driving a stake into the stomach through and through and strengthening it in the ground.
Tying a man to a tree and shooting him like a target.
Exposing in the cold naked or in linen.
Choking with a twisted soapy rope tied around the neck - a lasso.
Dragging the body along the street with a rope tied around the neck.
Tying the woman's legs to two trees, as well as her hands above her head, and cutting her stomach from the crotch to the chest.
Tearing the body with chains.
Dragging on the ground tied to a cart.
Dragging on the ground of a mother with three children tied to a wagon drawn by a horse, in such a way that one leg of the mother is tied with a chain to the wagon, and one leg of the eldest child is tied to the other leg of the mother, and the youngest child is tied to the other leg of the eldest child, and the leg of the youngest child is tied to the other leg of the youngest child.
Punching through the body with the barrel of a carbine.
Pulling the victim with barbed wire.
Pulling together two victims with barbed wire at the same time.
Pulling together with barbed wire several victims at the same time.
Periodically tightening the torso with barbed wire and every few hours pouring cold water on the victim in order to come to his senses and feel pain and suffering.
Burying the victim in a standing position in the ground up to the neck and leaving it in that position.
Buried in the ground alive up to the neck and later cut off the head with a scythe.
Tearing the body in half with the help of horses.
Tearing the body in half by tying the victim to two bent trees and then releasing them.
Throwing adults into the flames of a burning building.
Setting fire to the victim previously doused with kerosene.
Laying around the victim with sheaves of straw and setting them on fire, thus making the torch of Nero.
Stabbing a knife in the back and leaving it in the victim's body.
Putting a baby on a pitchfork and throwing him into the flames of a fire.
Cutting the skin off the face with blades.
Driven between the edges of oak stakes.
Hanging on barbed wire.
Ripping off the skin from the body and filling the wound with ink, as well as pouring boiling water over it.
Attaching the torso to a support and throwing knives at it.
Binding - shackling hands with barbed wire.
Inflicting fatal blows with a shovel.
Nailing hands to the threshold of the dwelling.
Dragging the body on the ground by legs tied with a rope.

"Skrekkens hus" - "House of Horror" - that's what they called it in the city. Since January 1942, the Gestapo headquarters in southern Norway have been located in the city archive building. Arrested people were brought here, torture chambers were equipped here, from here people were sent to concentration camps and to execution.

Now, in the basement of the building where the punishment cells were located and where the prisoners were tortured, there is a museum that tells about what happened during the war years in the building of the state archive.
The layout of the basement corridors has been left unchanged. There were only new lights and doors. The main exposition with archival materials, photographs, posters is arranged in the main corridor.

So the suspended arrested person was beaten with a chain.

So tortured with electric stoves. With the special zeal of the executioners, the hair on the head could catch fire in a person.

I have written about water torture before. It was also used in the Archives.

In this device, fingers were clamped, nails were pulled out. The machine is authentic - after the liberation of the city from the Germans, all the equipment of the torture chambers remained in its place and was saved.

Nearby - other devices for conducting interrogation with "addiction".

Reconstructions were arranged in several basements - as it looked then, in this very place. This is a cell where especially dangerous arrested persons were kept - members of the Norwegian Resistance who fell into the clutches of the Gestapo.

The torture chamber was located in the next room. Here, a real scene of torture of a married couple of underground workers taken by the Gestapo in 1943 during a communication session with an intelligence center in London is reproduced. Two Gestapo men torture a wife in front of her husband, who is chained to the wall. In the corner, on an iron beam, another member of the failed underground group is suspended. They say that before interrogations, the Gestapo were pumped up with alcohol and drugs.

Everything was left in the cell, as it was then, in 1943. If you turn over that pink stool at the woman's feet, you can see the mark of Kristiansand's Gestapo.

This is a reconstruction of the interrogation - the Gestapo provocateur (on the left) shows the arrested radio operator of the underground group (he is sitting on the right, in handcuffs) his radio station in a suitcase. In the center sits the chief of the Kristiansand Gestapo, SS-Hauptsturmführer Rudolf Kerner - I will talk about him later.

In this showcase are things and documents of those Norwegian patriots who were sent to the Grini concentration camp near Oslo - the main transit point in Norway, from where prisoners were sent to other concentration camps in Europe.

The system for designating different groups of prisoners in the Auschwitz concentration camp (Auschwitz-Birkenau). Jewish, political, gypsy, Spanish republican, dangerous criminal, felon, war criminal, Jehovah's Witness, homosexual. The letter N was written on the badge of a Norwegian political prisoner.

School tours are given to the museum. I stumbled upon one of these - several local teenagers were walking down the corridors with Ture Robstad, a volunteer from local residents who survived the war. It is said that about 10,000 schoolchildren visit the museum in the Archive every year.

Toure tells the children about Auschwitz. Two boys from the group were there recently on an excursion.

Soviet prisoner of war in a concentration camp. In his hand is a homemade wooden bird.

In a separate display case, things made by Russian prisoners of war in Norwegian concentration camps. These handicrafts were exchanged by Russians for food from local residents. Our neighbor in Kristiansand had a whole collection of such wooden birds - on the way to school she often met groups of our prisoners going to work under escort, and gave them her breakfast in exchange for these carved wooden toys.

Reconstruction of a partisan radio station. Partisans in southern Norway transmitted to London information about the movements of German troops, the deployment of military equipment and ships. In the north, the Norwegians supplied intelligence to the Soviet Northern Fleet.

"Germany is a nation of creators."

Norwegian patriots had to work under the strongest pressure on the local population of Goebbels propaganda. The Germans set themselves the task of the speedy nazification of the country. Quisling's government made efforts for this in the field of education, culture, and sports. Quisling's (Nasjonal Samling) Nazi Party, even before the start of the war, inspired the Norwegians that the main threat to their security was the military power of the Soviet Union. It should be noted that the Finnish campaign of 1940 contributed to the intimidation of the Norwegians about Soviet aggression in the North. With the coming to power, Quisling only stepped up his propaganda with the help of the Goebbels department. The Nazis in Norway convinced the population that only a strong Germany could protect the Norwegians from the Bolsheviks.

Several posters distributed by the Nazis in Norway. "Norges nye nabo" - "The New Norwegian Neighbor", 1940. Pay attention to the now fashionable technique of "reversing" Latin letters to imitate the Cyrillic alphabet.

"Do you want it to be like this?"

The propaganda of the "new Norway" in every possible way emphasized the kinship of the "Nordic" peoples, their unity in the struggle against British imperialism and the "wild Bolshevik hordes". Norwegian patriots responded by using the symbol of King Haakon and his image in their struggle. The king's motto "Alt for Norge" was ridiculed in every possible way by the Nazis, who inspired the Norwegians that military difficulties were temporary and that Vidkun Quisling was the new leader of the nation.

Two walls in the gloomy corridors of the museum are given over to the materials of the criminal case, according to which the seven main Gestapo men were tried in Kristiansand. There have never been such cases in Norwegian judicial practice - the Norwegians tried Germans, citizens of another state, accused of crimes in Norway. Three hundred witnesses, about a dozen lawyers, the Norwegian and foreign press took part in the process. The Gestapo were tried for torture and humiliation of those arrested, there was a separate episode about the summary execution of 30 Russian and 1 Polish prisoners of war. On June 16, 1947, all were sentenced to death, which for the first time and temporarily was included in the Criminal Code of Norway immediately after the end of the war.

Rudolf Kerner is the chief of the Kristiansand Gestapo. Former shoemaker. A notorious sadist, in Germany he had a criminal past. He sent several hundred members of the Norwegian Resistance to concentration camps, is guilty of the death of an organization of Soviet prisoners of war uncovered by the Gestapo in one of the concentration camps in southern Norway. He was, like the rest of his accomplices, sentenced to death, which was later commuted to life imprisonment. He was released in 1953 under an amnesty declared by the Norwegian government. He went to Germany, where his traces were lost.

Near the building of the Archive there is a modest monument to the Norwegian patriots who died at the hands of the Gestapo. In the local cemetery, not far from this place, the ashes of Soviet prisoners of war and English pilots, shot down by the Germans in the sky over Kristiansand, rest. Every year on May 8, flagpoles next to the graves raise the flags of the USSR, Great Britain and Norway.

In 1997, it was decided to sell the building of the Archive, from which the State Archive moved to another place, into private hands. Local veterans, public organizations strongly opposed, organized themselves into a special committee and ensured that in 1998 the owner of the building, the state concern Statsbygg, transferred the historic building to the veterans' committee. Now here, along with the museum that I told you about, there are offices of Norwegian and international humanitarian organizations - the Red Cross, Amnesty International, the UN.

In his memoirs, officer Bruno Schneider told what kind of instruction German soldiers went through before being sent to the Russian front. Regarding the women of the Red Army, the order stated one thing: “Shoot!”

This was done in many German units. Among those who died in battles and encirclement, a huge number of bodies of women in Red Army uniforms were found. Among them are many nurses and women paramedics. Traces on their bodies testified that many were brutally tortured and then shot.

Residents of Smagleevka (Voronezh region) told after their liberation in 1943 that at the beginning of the war in their village a young Red Army girl died a terrible death. She was badly injured. Despite this, the Nazis stripped her naked, dragged her onto the road and shot her.

Terrifying marks of torture remained on the body of the unfortunate woman. Before her death, her breasts were cut off, her entire face and hands were completely cut to pieces. The woman's body was a continuous bloody mess. They did the same with Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. Before the demonstration execution, the Nazis kept her half-naked in the cold for hours.

women in captivity

The Soviet soldiers who were in captivity - and women too - were supposed to be "sorted". The weakest, the wounded and exhausted were to be destroyed. The rest were used for the hardest work in concentration camps.

In addition to these atrocities, Red Army women were constantly subjected to rape. The highest military ranks of the Wehrmacht were forbidden to have intimate relations with the Slavs, so they did it secretly. The rank and file had a certain freedom here. Finding one Red Army woman or a nurse, she could be raped by a whole company of soldiers. If the girl did not die after that, she was shot.

In concentration camps, the leadership often chose the most attractive girls from among the prisoners and took them to their place to “serve”. So did the camp doctor Orlyand in Shpalaga (prisoner of war camp) No. 346 near the city of Kremenchug. The guards themselves regularly raped the prisoners of the women's block of the concentration camp.

So it was in Shpalaga No. 337 (Baranovichi), about which in 1967, during a meeting of the tribunal, the head of this camp, Yarosh, testified.

Shpalag No. 337 was distinguished by particularly cruel, inhuman conditions of detention. Both women and men of the Red Army were kept half-naked in the cold for hours. Hundreds of them were stuffed into the lice-infested barracks. Anyone who could not stand it and fell, the guards immediately shot. More than 700 captured servicemen were destroyed daily in Shpalaga No. 337.

My friends, recently in my blog I introduced you to how occupied France lived ( ). And here is a kind of continuation. The war is over. Europe has been cleansed of fascism. And the shame of peaceful cohabitation with the occupiers of the overwhelming majority of the population, the French and other civilized Europeans decided to wash away with cruel reprisals against ... their women.

________________________________________ _______________________

After the liberation of the territories of European states occupied by Germany, thousands of women who were in personal relationships with German soldiers and officers were subjected to humiliating and cruel executions at the hands of their fellow citizens.

1. The French were the most actively persecuting their compatriots. Anger from defeat, long years of occupation, split of the country, liberated France took out on these girls.

2. During the campaign to identify and punish collaborators, called "L" épuration sauvage, about 30 thousand girls suspected of having links with the Germans were subjected to public humiliation.

3. Often personal scores were settled in this way, and many of the most active participants tried to save themselves in this way, diverting attention from their cooperation with the occupying authorities.

4. An eyewitness of those events: "Past us, to the accompaniment of swearing and threats, an open truck was slowly driving. There were about a dozen women in the back, all with shaved heads, bowed low in shame." The frames of the chronicle are the personification of these words.

5. Often they did not stop shaving their heads, they painted a swastika on their face or burned a brand on their forehead.

6. There were also cases of lynching, when the girls were simply shot, many, unable to bear the shame, committed suicide.

7. They were declared “nationally unworthy” and many received from six months to one year in prison, followed by a reduction in their rights for another year. People called this last year “the year of national shame”. Similar things happened in other liberated European countries.

8. But another aspect has been bashfully silent for decades - children born to German military personnel. They were twice outcasts - born out of wedlock, the fruit of a connection with the enemy.

9. According to various estimates, more than 200 thousand so-called "children of the occupation" were born in France, but oddly enough, the same French treated them most loyally, limiting themselves only to a ban on German names and the study of the German language. Although there were cases of attacks from children and adults, many mothers refused, and they were brought up in orphanages.

10. In one of Somerset Maugham's stories, "Invictus", created in 1944, the main character kills her child, born of a German soldier. This is not fiction - similar cases also characterized that time.

11. Founder of the French-German association of children of the occupation "Hearts Without Borders", which now has about 300 members, a Frenchman, the son of a German soldier: “We founded this association because society infringed on our rights. The reason is that we were Franco-German children, conceived during the Second World War. We united in order to jointly search for our parents, help each other and carry out work to preserve historical memory. Why now? Previously, this was impossible to do: the topic remained taboo.”

12. By the way, in today's Germany there is a legislative norm according to which the children of German military personnel born to French mothers are entitled to German citizenship ...

13. In Norway, there were about 15 thousand such girls, and five thousand who gave birth to children from the Germans were sentenced to a year and a half of forced labor, and almost all children were declared mentally handicapped at the suggestion of the government and sent to mental hospitals, where they were kept up to 60s.

14. The Norwegian Union of War Children would later claim that "Nazi caviar" and "half-wits", as these children were called, were used to test medical preparations.

15. Only in 2005 will the Norwegian parliament officially apologize to these innocent victims and approve compensation for the experience in the amount of 3 thousand euros. This amount could be increased if the victim provided documentary evidence that they faced hatred, fear and mistrust because of their origin.

The Great Patriotic War left an indelible mark on the history and destinies of people. Many have lost loved ones who were killed or tortured. In the article we will consider the concentration camps of the Nazis and the atrocities that took place on their territories.

What is a concentration camp?

Concentration camp or concentration camp - a special place intended for the detention of persons of the following categories:

• political prisoners (opponents of the dictatorial regime);
• prisoners of war (captured soldiers and civilians).

The concentration camps of the Nazis were notorious for their inhuman cruelty to prisoners and impossible conditions of detention. These places of detention began to appear even before Hitler came to power, and even then they were divided into women's, men's and children's. Contained there, mostly Jews and opponents of the Nazi system.

Life in the camp

Humiliation and bullying for the prisoners began already from the moment of transportation. People were transported in freight cars, where there was not even running water and a fenced-off latrine. The natural need of the prisoners had to celebrate publicly, in a tank, standing in the middle of the car.

But this was only the beginning, a lot of bullying and torment was being prepared for the Nazi concentration camps objectionable to the Nazi regime. Torture of women and children, medical experiments, aimless exhausting work - this is not the whole list.

The conditions of detention can be judged from the letters of the prisoners: “they lived in hellish conditions, ragged, barefoot, hungry ... I was constantly and severely beaten, deprived of food and water, tortured ...”, “They shot, flogged, poisoned with dogs, drowned in water, beaten with sticks, starved. Infected with tuberculosis ... strangled by a cyclone. Poisoned with chlorine. Burned ... ".

The corpses were skinned and hair cut off - all this was later used in the German textile industry. Doctor Mengele became famous for his horrific experiments on prisoners, from whose hand thousands of people died. He investigated the mental and physical exhaustion of the body. He conducted experiments on twins, during which they were transplanted organs from each other, blood was transfused, sisters were forced to give birth to children from their own brothers. He did sex reassignment surgery.

All fascist concentration camps became famous for such bullying, we will consider the names and conditions of detention in the main ones below.

Camp ration

Usually the daily ration in the camp was as follows:

• bread - 130 gr;
• fat - 20 gr;
• meat - 30 gr;
• cereals - 120 gr;
• sugar - 27 gr.

Bread was handed out, and the rest of the food was used for cooking, which consisted of soup (given out 1 or 2 times a day) and porridge (150-200 gr). It should be noted that such a diet was intended only for workers. Those who for some reason remained unemployed received even less. Usually their portion consisted of only half a serving of bread.

List of concentration camps in different countries

Nazi concentration camps were created in the territories of Germany, allied and occupied countries. The list of them is long, but we will name the main ones:

• On the territory of Germany - Halle, Buchenwald, Cottbus, Dusseldorf, Schlieben, Ravensbrück, Esse, Spremberg;
• Austria - Mauthausen, Amstetten;
• France - Nancy, Reims, Mulhouse;
• Poland - Majdanek, Krasnik, Radom, Auschwitz, Przemysl;
• Lithuania - Dimitravas, Alytus, Kaunas;
• Czechoslovakia - Kunta-gora, Natra, Glinsko;
• Estonia - Pirkul, Parnu, Klooga;
• Belarus - Minsk, Baranovichi;
• Latvia - Salaspils.

And this is not a complete list of all the concentration camps that were built by Nazi Germany in the pre-war and war years.

Salaspils

Salaspils, one might say, is the most terrible concentration camp of the Nazis, because, in addition to prisoners of war and Jews, children were also kept there. It was located on the territory of occupied Latvia and was the central eastern camp. It was located near Riga and functioned from 1941 (September) to 1944 (summer).

Children in this camp were not only kept separately from adults and massacred, but were used as blood donors for German soldiers. Every day, about half a liter of blood was taken from all children, which led to the rapid death of donors.

Salaspils was not like Auschwitz or Majdanek (extermination camps), where people were herded into gas chambers and then their corpses were burned. It was sent to medical research, during which more than 100,000 people died. Salaspils was not like other Nazi concentration camps. The torture of children here was a routine affair that proceeded according to a schedule with meticulous records of the results.

Experiments on children

The testimonies of witnesses and the results of investigations revealed the following methods of extermination of people in the Salaspils camp: beatings, starvation, arsenic poisoning, injection of dangerous substances (most often for children), performing surgical operations without painkillers, pumping out blood (only for children), executions, torture, useless severe labor (carrying stones from place to place), gas chambers, burying alive. In order to save ammunition, the camp charter prescribed that children should be killed only with rifle butts. The atrocities of the Nazis in the concentration camps surpassed everything that humanity has seen in the New Age. Such an attitude towards people cannot be justified, because it violates all conceivable and inconceivable moral commandments.

Children did not stay long with their mothers, usually they were quickly taken away and distributed. So, children under the age of six were in a special barracks, where they were infected with measles. But they did not treat, but aggravated the disease, for example, by bathing, which is why the children died in 3-4 days. In this way, the Germans killed more than 3,000 people in one year. The bodies of the dead were partly burned, and partly buried in the camp.

The following figures were given in the Act of the Nuremberg trials “on the extermination of children”: during the excavation of only one fifth of the territory of the concentration camp, 633 children's bodies aged 5 to 9 years were found, arranged in layers; a platform soaked in an oily substance was also found, where the remains of unburned children's bones (teeth, ribs, joints, etc.) were found.

Salaspils is truly the most terrible concentration camp of the Nazis, because the atrocities described above are far from all the torment that the prisoners were subjected to. So, in winter, the children brought in barefoot and naked were driven to a half-kilometer barrack, where they had to wash in ice water. After that, the children were driven to the next building in the same way, where they were kept in the cold for 5-6 days. At the same time, the age of the eldest child did not even reach 12 years. All who survived after this procedure were also subjected to arsenic etching.

Infants were kept separately, they were given injections, from which the child died in agony in a few days. They gave us coffee and poisoned cereals. About 150 children per day died from the experiments. The bodies of the dead were taken out in large baskets and burned, thrown into cesspools or buried near the camp.

Ravensbrück

If we start listing the women's concentration camps of the Nazis, then Ravensbrück will be in the first place. It was the only camp of this type in Germany. It held thirty thousand prisoners, but by the end of the war was overcrowded by fifteen thousand. Mostly Russian and Polish women were kept, Jews accounted for about 15 percent. There were no written instructions regarding torture and torture; the overseers chose the line of conduct themselves.

Arriving women were undressed, shaved, washed, given a robe and assigned a number. Also, the clothes indicated racial affiliation. People turned into impersonal cattle. In small barracks (in the post-war years, 2-3 refugee families lived in them) about three hundred prisoners were kept, who were placed on three-story bunks. When the camp was full, up to a thousand people were driven into these cells, who had to sleep seven of them on the same bunk. There were several toilets and a washbasin in the barracks, but there were so few of them that the floors were littered with excrement after a few days. Such a picture was presented by almost all Nazi concentration camps (the photos presented here are only a small fraction of all the horrors).

But not all women ended up in the concentration camp; a selection was made beforehand. The strong and hardy, fit for work, were left, and the rest were destroyed. Prisoners worked at construction sites and sewing workshops.

Gradually, Ravensbrück was equipped with a crematorium, like all Nazi concentration camps. Gas chambers (nicknamed gas chambers by prisoners) appeared already at the end of the war. The ashes from the crematoria were sent to nearby fields as fertilizer.

Experiments were also carried out in Ravensbrück. In a special barracks called the "infirmary", German scientists tested new drugs, first infecting or crippling the test subjects. There were few survivors, but even those suffered for the rest of their lives from what they suffered. Experiments were also conducted with the irradiation of women with X-rays, from which hair fell out, skin was pigmented, and death occurred. Genital organs were cut out, after which few survived, and even those quickly grew old, and at 18 they looked like old women. Similar experiments were carried out by all concentration camps of the Nazis, the torture of women and children is the main crime of Nazi Germany against humanity.

At the time of the liberation of the concentration camp by the Allies, five thousand women remained there, the rest were killed or transported to other places of detention. The Soviet troops who arrived in April 1945 adapted the camp barracks for the settlement of refugees. Later, Ravensbrück turned into a stationing point for Soviet military units.

Nazi concentration camps: Buchenwald

The construction of the camp began in 1933, near the town of Weimar. Soon, Soviet prisoners of war began to arrive, who became the first prisoners, and they completed the construction of the "hellish" concentration camp.

The structure of all structures was strictly thought out. Immediately outside the gates began "Appelplat" (parade ground), specially designed for the formation of prisoners. Its capacity was twenty thousand people. Not far from the gate was a punishment cell for interrogations, and opposite the office was located, where the camp leader and the officer on duty lived - the camp authorities. Deeper were the barracks for prisoners. All barracks were numbered, there were 52 of them. At the same time, 43 were intended for housing, and workshops were arranged in the rest.

The Nazi concentration camps left a terrible memory behind them, their names still cause fear and shock in many, but the most terrifying of them is Buchenwald. The crematorium was considered the most terrible place. People were invited there under the pretext of a medical examination. When the prisoner undressed, he was shot, and the body was sent to the oven.

Only men were kept in Buchenwald. Upon arrival at the camp, they were assigned a number in German, which they had to learn in the first day. The prisoners worked at the Gustlovsky weapons factory, which was located a few kilometers from the camp.

Continuing to describe the concentration camps of the Nazis, let us turn to the so-called "small camp" of Buchenwald.

Small Camp Buchenwald

The "Small Camp" was the quarantine zone. Living conditions here were, even in comparison with the main camp, simply hellish. In 1944, when the German troops began to retreat, prisoners from Auschwitz and the Compiègne camp were brought to this camp, mostly Soviet citizens, Poles and Czechs, and later Jews. There was not enough space for everyone, so some of the prisoners (six thousand people) were placed in tents. The closer 1945 was, the more prisoners were transported. Meanwhile, the "small camp" included 12 barracks measuring 40 x 50 meters. Torture in the concentration camps of the Nazis was not only specially planned or for scientific purposes, the very life in such a place was torture. 750 people lived in the barracks, their daily ration consisted of a small piece of bread, the unemployed were no longer supposed to.

Relations among the prisoners were tough, cases of cannibalism and murder for someone else's portion of bread were documented. It was a common practice to store the bodies of the dead in barracks in order to receive their rations. The clothes of the deceased were divided among his cellmates, and they often fought over them. Due to such conditions, infectious diseases were common in the camp. Vaccinations only exacerbated the situation, as injection syringes were not changed.

The photo is simply not able to convey all the inhumanity and horror of the Nazi concentration camp. Witness accounts are not for the faint of heart. In each camp, not excluding Buchenwald, there were medical groups of doctors who conducted experiments on prisoners. It should be noted that the data they obtained allowed German medicine to take a step forward - there were not so many experimental people in any country in the world. Another question is whether it was worth the millions of tortured children and women, those inhuman sufferings that these innocent people endured.

Prisoners were irradiated, healthy limbs were amputated and organs were cut out, sterilized, castrated. They tested how long a person is able to withstand extreme cold or heat. Specially infected with diseases, introduced experimental drugs. So, in Buchenwald, an anti-typhoid vaccine was developed. In addition to typhoid, the prisoners were infected with smallpox, yellow fever, diphtheria, and paratyphoid.

Since 1939, the camp was run by Karl Koch. His wife, Ilse, was nicknamed the "Buchenwald witch" for her love of sadism and inhuman abuse of prisoners. She was more feared than her husband (Karl Koch) and the Nazi doctors. She was later nicknamed "Frau Lampshade". The woman owes this nickname to the fact that she made various decorative things from the skin of the killed prisoners, in particular, lampshades, which she was very proud of. Most of all, she liked to use the skin of Russian prisoners with tattoos on their backs and chests, as well as the skin of gypsies. Things made of such material seemed to her the most elegant.

The liberation of Buchenwald took place on April 11, 1945 by the hands of the prisoners themselves. Having learned about the approach of the allied troops, they disarmed the guards, captured the camp leadership and ran the camp for two days until the American soldiers approached.

Auschwitz (Auschwitz-Birkenau)

Listing the concentration camps of the Nazis, Auschwitz cannot be ignored. It was one of the largest concentration camps, in which, according to various sources, from one and a half to four million people died. The exact details of the dead have not yet been clarified. Most of the victims were Jewish prisoners of war, who were destroyed immediately upon arrival in the gas chambers.

The complex of concentration camps itself was called Auschwitz-Birkenau and was located on the outskirts of the Polish city of Auschwitz, whose name has become a household name. Above the camp gates were engraved the following words: "Work sets you free."

This huge complex, built in 1940, consisted of three camps:

• Auschwitz I or the main camp - the administration was located here;
• Auschwitz II or "Birkenau" - was called the death camp;
• Auschwitz III or Buna Monowitz.

Initially, the camp was small and intended for political prisoners. But gradually more and more prisoners arrived in the camp, 70% of whom were destroyed immediately. Many tortures in Nazi concentration camps were borrowed from Auschwitz. So, the first gas chamber began to function in 1941. Gas "Cyclone B" was used. For the first time, the terrible invention was tested on Soviet and Polish prisoners with a total number of about nine hundred people.

Auschwitz II began its operation on March 1, 1942. Its territory included four crematoria and two gas chambers. In the same year, medical experiments began on women and men for sterilization and castration.

Small camps gradually formed around Birkenau, where prisoners were kept working in factories and mines. One of these camps gradually grew and became known as Auschwitz III or Buna Monowitz. About ten thousand prisoners were kept here.

Like any Nazi concentration camp, Auschwitz was well guarded. Contacts with the outside world were forbidden, the territory was surrounded by a barbed wire fence, guard posts were set up around the camp at a distance of a kilometer.

On the territory of Auschwitz, five crematoria were continuously operating, which, according to experts, had a monthly output of approximately 270,000 corpses.

On January 27, 1945, the Auschwitz-Birkenau camp was liberated by Soviet troops. By that time, about seven thousand prisoners remained alive. Such a small number of survivors is due to the fact that about a year before that, mass murders in gas chambers (gas chambers) began in the concentration camp.

Since 1947, a museum and a memorial complex dedicated to the memory of all those who died at the hands of Nazi Germany began to function on the territory of the former concentration camp.

Conclusion

For the entire duration of the war, according to statistics, approximately four and a half million Soviet citizens were captured. They were mostly civilians from the occupied territories. It's hard to imagine what these people went through. But not only the bullying of the Nazis in the concentration camps was destined to be demolished by them. Thanks to Stalin, after their release, when they returned home, they received the stigma of "traitors". At home, the Gulag was waiting for them, and their families were subjected to serious repression. One captivity was replaced by another for them. In fear for their lives and the lives of their loved ones, they changed their last names and tried in every possible way to hide their experiences.

Until recently, information about the fate of prisoners after their release was not advertised and hushed up. But the people who survived this simply should not be forgotten.