Words are divided into syllables. Syllable- this is one sound or several sounds pronounced by one exhalation push of air.
Wed: wow, wow.
1. In the Russian language there are sounds of different audibility: vowel sounds are more sonorous compared to consonant sounds.
Exactly vowel sounds form syllables, are syllabic.
Consonants are non-syllabic. When pronouncing a word, the consonant sounds “stretch” towards the vowels, forming a syllable together with the vowels.
2. A syllable can consist of one sound (and then it must be a vowel!) or several sounds (in this case, in addition to the vowel, the syllable contains a consonant or a group of consonants).
The rim is o-bo-dok; country - country; night light - night light; miniature - mi-ni-a-tyu-ra.
3. Syllables can be open or closed.
Open syllable ends with a vowel sound.
Wow, country.
Closed syllable ends with a consonant sound.
Sleep, lay-ner.
There are more open syllables in Russian. Closed syllables are usually observed at the end of a word.
Wed: no-chnik(the first syllable is open, the second is closed), oh-bo-doc(the first two syllables are open, the third is closed).
In the middle of a word, the syllable usually ends in a vowel sound, and the consonant or group of consonants that comes after the vowel usually ends in the following syllable!
No-chnik, dammit, announcer.
Note!
Sometimes a word can have two consonants written but only one sound, for example: get rid of[izh:yt’]. Therefore, in this case, two syllables stand out: and-live.
Division into parts out-live corresponds to the rules of word hyphenation, and not division into syllables!
The same can be seen in the example of the verb leave, in which the combination of consonants zzh sounds like one sound [zh:]; therefore the division into syllables will be - leave, and division into parts for transfer is leave.
Errors are especially common when highlighting syllables in verb forms ending in -tsya, -tsya.
- Division twisting, pressing is a division into parts for transfer, and not a division into syllables, since in such forms the combination of letters ts, ts sounds like one sound [ts].
- When dividing into syllables, combinations of letters tc, tc go entirely to the next syllable: hover, press.
In the middle of a word, closed syllables can only form unpaired voiced consonants: [j], [р], [р'], [л], [л'], [м], [м'], [н], [н' ].
May-ka, Sonya-ka, so-lom-ka.
Note!
When combining several consonants in the middle of a word:
1) Two identical consonants necessarily go to the next syllable.
O-t-t, yes-nn-y.
2) Two or more consonants usually extend to the next syllable.
Sha-pk a, equal.
Exception make up combinations of consonants in which the first is an unpaired voiced voice (letters r, r, l, l, m, m, n, n, th).
Mark-ka, dawn-ka, bul-ka, insole-ka, dam-ka, ban-ka, ban-ka, bark-ka.
4. The division into syllables often does not coincide with the division into parts of the word (prefix, root, suffix, ending) and with the division of the word into parts during transfer.
For example, the word calculated is divided into morphemes calculated (races- console, counts- root; a, nn- suffixes; th- ending).
When transferred, the same word is divided as follows: calculated.
The word is divided into syllables as follows: calculated.
| Word hyphenation rules | Examples |
|---|---|
| 1. As a rule, words are transferred into syllables. The letters ъ, ь, й are not separated from the previous letters. | Ride on, go on, go on, go on. |
| 2. You cannot move or leave one letter on a line, even if it represents a syllable. | Oh bo-dok; words autumn, name cannot be divided for transfer. |
| 3. When transferring, you cannot tear off the final consonant letter from the prefix. | From -to leak, from -to pour. |
| 4. When transferring, the first consonant cannot be removed from the root. | To murmur, to murmur. |
| 5. When hyphenating words with double consonants, one letter remains on the line and the other is moved. | Ran-n-i, ter-r-or, van-n a. |
| 6. The letter ы after the prefix cannot be torn off from the root, but the part of the word starting with the letter ы should not be transferred. | Times - say. |
Topic: Dividing words into syllables and determining a stressed syllable.
Learn to divide words into syllables. There are as many vowels as there are syllables.
Then learn to identify the stressed syllable.
How many syllables are in words: family, hat, fur coat, mine, paw, sofa, hers?
- 2 or 3
Right answers:
How many syllables are in words: window, error, ceiling, village, silence?
- 2 or 3
Right answers:
crossroads, TV, shootout?
- Yes or No
Right answers:
Same number of syllables in words: diet, dilemma, modernism, parsley, kitten?
- Yes or No
Right answers:
How many syllables are in a word philological?
- 5 or 6
Right answers:
How many syllables are in words: May, he, oh, ah, table, hundred, heat?
- 1 or more than 1
Right answers:
Is it necessary to show stress in words: crab, hedgehog, honey, eponymous, edge, cry?
- Yes or No
Right answers:
rings, picks up, turns on, satin(textile)?
- on the first or on the second
Right answers:
- on the second
Which syllable is stressed in the words: scarves, bows, ports, significance?
- on the first or on the second
Right answers:
- on the first
Which syllable is stressed in the words: along the rivers, on Wednesdays, parterre, carpenter?
- on the first or on the second
Right answers:
- on the second
Topic: Correlation of letters and sounds. Characteristics of sounds.
With filming, hi h you, With Ito?
- [c] - agree, deaf, tv.
- [s"] - agree, deaf, soft.
What sound is pronounced in words in place of the highlighted letters: w ate, h That, w nuts?
- [w] - agree., deaf., tv.
- [w":] - cong., v., soft. unpaired.
What sound is pronounced in words in place of the highlighted letters: o shopping center oh, old ts me, smile ts I?
- [ts:] - vowel.
- [ts:] - agree., deaf., tv. unpaired
- [ts:] - acc., sound. unpaired, tv. unpaired
What sound is pronounced in words in place of the highlighted letters: by d gender, povo d, T fight?
- [t] - acc., gl., tv.
- [t"] - cong., v., soft.
- [d] - acc., sound, tv.
- [d"] - agree, sound, soft.
What sound is pronounced in words in place of the highlighted letters: uh economy, And gra, And story?
- [i] - v., bezud.
- [e] - v., unsound.
- [i] - ch. percussion
What sound is pronounced in words in place of the highlighted letters: V soon, f act, cow V?
- [f] - agree., deaf., tv.
- [v] - agree, vz., tv.
What sound is pronounced in words in place of the highlighted letters: ma th ka, stro th, th od?
- [th] - acc., sound. unpaired, tv.
What sound is pronounced in words in place of the highlighted letters: e m, under e zd, e zdit?
- [e] - ch. percussion
- [th"] - agree, soft unpaired, sound unpaired.
What sound is pronounced in words in place of the highlighted letters: gri b, gris pp, Tulu P?
- [b] - acc., sound, tv.
- [b"] -ag., sound, soft.
- [p] - cong., gl., tv.
- [p] - agree, sound, tv.
What sound is pronounced in words in place of the highlighted letters: s s r, l s zhi, sh And us?
- [i] - ch. percussion
- [and] -ch. unstressed
- [s] -ch. percussion
- [s] - ch. unstressed
Right answers:
- [s"] - agree, deaf, soft.
- [w] - agree., deaf., tv. unpaired
- [ts:] -ag., deaf. unpaired, tv. unpaired
- [t] - acc., gl., tv.
- [i] - v., bezud.
- [f] - agree., deaf., tv.
- [th"] - acc., sound unpaired, soft unpaired.
- Two sounds: [th"] - consonant, sound unpaired, soft, unpaired and [e] - main stress.
- [p] - cong., gl., tv.
- [s] -ch. percussion
Topic: Transcription.
1. Read the transcription, determine which words are presented and write them in letters:
Words:
1) [y"a], 2) [y"y"o´], 3) [s"y"e´l"i], 4) , 5) [pras"o´ nak]*,
Attention! A simplified version of the transcription, widely accepted in the school tradition: [paras"o´nak]*
Answer:
1) me, 2) her, 3) eaten, 4) snow, 5) pig
2. Read the transcription, determine which words are presented and write them in letters:
Words:
1) [fs"e], 2) [fs"o], 3) [paznako´ m"its:b]*, 4) [m"it"e´ l"], 5) [bass"e´ th "n],
Attention! A simplified version of the transcription, widely accepted in the school tradition: [paznako´ m"its:a]*
Answer:
1) everything, 2) everything, 3) get to know each other, 4) blizzard, 5) swimming pool,
3. Read the transcription, determine which words are presented and write them in letters:
Words:
1) [b'gaty' r"] 1, 2) [n"it"], 3) [l"ingv"i´ s"t"ik'] 2, 4) [ab"y"o´ m", 5) [kam "p" y "u´ t'r] 3 ,
Attention! A simplified version of the transcription, widely accepted in the school tradition: [bagati´ p"] 1, [l"ingv"i´ s"t"ika] 2, [kam"p"y"u´ tar] 3
Answer:
1) hero, 2) thread, 3) linguistics, 4) volume, 5) computer
4. Read the transcription, determine which words are presented and write them in letters:
Words:
1) [file"l], 2) [tr"e´ n"ink", 3) [s"e´ rts"e], 4) [drost], 5) [y"u´ pk]*,
Attention! A simplified version of the transcription, widely accepted in the school tradition: [th "у´ pka]*
Answer:
1) file, 2) training, 3) heart, 4) blackbird, 5) skirt
5. Read the transcription, determine which words are presented and write them in letters:
Words:
1) [t"i´ x"iy"], 2) [w":ot]*, 3) [kaz"o´ l", 4) [z"o´ zdy", 5) [skis]
Attention! A simplified version of the transcription, widely accepted in the school tradition: [w"ot]*
Answer:
1) quiet, 2) score, 3) goat, 4) stars, 5) skis
Topic: Transcription.
1. Transcribe the words:
1) gender, 2) house, 3) course, 4) tooth, 5) ladies
2. Transcribe the words:
1) mother, ice, lie, know, shadow
Answer:
[mat"], [l"ot], [lie"], [noble"], [t"en"]
3. Transcribe the words:
1) water, 2) at home, 3) myself, 4) window, 5) drove
Answer:
1) [vada´ ], 2) [lady´ ], 3) [sama´ ], 4) [akno´ ], 5) [vaz’i´ l]
4. Transcribe the words:
1) wore, 2) drove, 3) noses, 4) soul, 5) skis
Answer:
1) [us"i´l], 2) [wad"i´l], 3) [nasy´], 4) [soul´], 5) [ski´zhy]
5. Transcribe the words:
1) ball, 2) sword, 3) ball, 4) sword, 5) speech
Answer:
1) [m'ach"], 2) [m"ech"], 3) [m"ich"o´ m], 4) [m"ich"o´ m], 5) [r'ech']
6. Transcribe the words:
1) flow, 2) flows, 3) shadow, 4) speech, 5) north
Answer:
1) [t'ech'], 2) [t"ich"o´ t], 3) [t"e´ n'y'u], 4) [r"e´ ch"y"u], 5 ) *
Attention! A simplified version of the transcription, widely accepted in the school tradition: *
7. Transcribe the words:
1) good, 2) cold, 3) west, 4) pencil, 5) sausage
Answer:
1) [kh'rasho'] 1, 2) [ho'l'dn'] 2, 3) [za' p't] 3, 4) [k'aranda' sh] 4, 5) [kalbasa'] 5
Attention! A simplified version of the transcription, widely accepted in the school tradition:
[harasho´ ] 1 , [cold] 2 , [za´ pat] 3 , [pencil´ sh] 4 , [sausage´ ] 5
8. Transcribe the words:
1) samovar, 2) joy, 3) garden, 4) walk, 5) parachute
Answer:
1) [s'mava'r] 1, 2) [ra'd's "t"] 2, 3) [garden'], 4) [pragu' lk'] 3, 5) [prash't] 4
Attention! Simplified transcription:
[samava´ r] 1 , [ra´ das "t"] 2 , [pragu´ lka] 3 , [parash´ t] 4
In this article you will find information on how to make a phonetic analysis of the word - LIZARD.
Not everyone knows what phonetic analysis of a word is. In Russian grammar, this concept means the characteristic of the sound component. Moreover, the word must be broken down not just into letters, but into sounds. There are many more sounds than letters. After all, some letters represent two sounds. Let's further find out how to parse the word - LIZARD into sounds in detail.
How many syllables, letters, sounds, sound A in the word LIZARD: diagram, transcription of the word in Russian
As mentioned above, there is a big difference between letters and sounds. Before carrying out phonetic analysis, let's consider a little theory of the issue.
What do the letters represent? These are symbols that are used in writing. Letters are used to form words in the text. They are used for visual presentation of words; a person perceives what is written with the eyes. These characters can be read. And when reading happens out loud, then sounds are already formed. More precisely, letters merge into syllables, and syllables into words. In total, the Russian language has thirty-three letters in the alphabet. It is customary to call the Russian alphabet Cyrillic. Even first-graders know in what order the letters are located in the alphabet thanks to Russian language lessons.
The Russian grammar alphabet has vowels and consonants. More precisely, ten vowels and twenty-one consonants. It also includes a soft sign and a hard sign. With their help, they emphasize the softness or hardness of a consonant sound.
So we got closer to the concept - sounds. They represent vocal speech. Thanks to them, words are formed together. Sounds, like letters, can be vowels or consonants. When a word is analyzed phonetically, it is these words that are analyzed.
Some letters consist of two sounds. In particular:
- The letter E consists of the sound Y and the sound E
- The letter E consists of the sound J and the sound O
- The letter Yu consists of the sound Y and the sound U
- The letter I consists of the sound J and the sound A
It is very interesting that if the vowel is unstressed, then letters such as E and I have the Y sound and the I sound, they are written as: [YI]
Sounds need to be heard, because they are pronounced differently from how they are written. An example of such a property:
- The word is children's. The consonants T, S, as a rule, merge into one sound C.
Now let's look at the word LIZARD
The transcription of this word is as follows:
[Y'ASH'IRI'ITSA]
The letter I has two sounds, soft [Y’] - a sonorant consonant, a voiced, unpaired and soft sound [A] (vowel, stressed).
The letter Ш - [Ш'] - a hissing consonant, dull and soft, unpaired.
Letter E - [I] vowel and unstressed
Letter P - [P ’ ] - sonorant consonant sound, unpaired voiced and soft
Letter I - one sound [I] (vowel and unstressed)
Letter Ts - [Ts] one consonant sound, unpaired, unvoiced and hard
Letter A - [A] vowel and unstressed.
As you can see, the word has seven letters and eight sounds.
IMPORTANT: The vowel letter (I, Yu, E, E) at the beginning of a word always gives two sounds, since it is iotized. The word lizard applied this rule.
Where does the stress fall in the word LIZARD?
In this word the stress falls on I - on the first syllable. The word has four syllables in total. The main phonetic component is the correct and clear pronunciation of vowel sounds in those syllables on which the stress falls. As a rule, they are distinguished by their long sound and undistorted sound. Thanks to this, you can clearly hear which letter to write in this word, for example: E or I. It is easier to do a phonetic analysis of the stressed syllable. In grammar, this vowel position is called a strong position. The remaining vowels in the word have a weak position.
During sound analysis:
- the vowel syllable on which the stress falls (strong position) is pronounced clearly with a longer sound.
- an unstressed syllable with a vowel (weak position) is read without a certain intonation and does not sound as clearly as a stressed one.
Lizard - phonetic analysis As you can see, making a phonetic analysis of a word is not so difficult. The main thing is to know some rules of Russian grammar and all the sounds, of which there are 42 in the Russian language.
Video: phonetic analysis of words
To quickly divide words into syllables online, use the form below. You can enter multiple words into the text field separated by spaces or commas. When you click the "Split into syllables" button, the result will be shown instantly in the text field. The form is intended to highlight syllables only in Russian words typed in Russian letters.
The form is convenient for cases in which it is necessary to break many words into syllables without details and background information. If you need to find out how many and what syllables are in words, what hyphenation options are available, then use the search form or select words by the number of syllables in them:
Note.
1. Do not use the result of dividing words into syllables to determine where words are hyphenated. Dividing into syllables and highlighting places where words are hyphenated are not always the same thing. The difference is explained in detail on our website (points 4-5 from the rules of division into syllables).
2. Division into syllables is carried out taking into account the rules of the school curriculum. Some rules may differ from the rules of the institute program and schools with in-depth study of the Russian language. For this reason, in some cases, syllables may not be highlighted in accordance with your knowledge of the rules for dividing words into syllables.
Syllable
A syllable is one vowel sound or a combination of one vowel with one or more consonants. In other words: vowel sounds form syllables, consonant sounds only when combined with a vowel form a syllable. A small cheat sheet can help you remember: vowels “agree”, consonants “agree”. For example: in the word dog there are three syllables so-ba-ka (vowels: o, a, a, consonants: s, b, k), in the word Asia - three syllables A-zi-ya (vowels: a, i, i, consonant: h).
Syllables consisting of two or more sounds can be open or closed. Open syllables end in a vowel sound: vo-da, tra-va, ro-di-na. Closed syllables end in a consonant: kom-bain, kor-ka, zhel-tet.
There are closed syllables that begin with a consonant, and open syllables that begin with a vowel. Examples: ko-ra (both syllables covered), ya-blo-ko (one uncovered, two covered).
How many syllables are in a word?
Words are made up of syllables. Based on the definition of a syllable, the number of syllables in a word is determined by the number of vowel sounds. School teachers of the Russian language often say: “How many vowels - so many syllables.”
Example: sn e g - one syllable, h And T A t - two syllables, p A b O T A- three syllables, dl And n O w eee- five syllables.
More examples of syllables:
- water - syllables in And Yes;
- read - syllables chi, that, la;
- I am a syllable I;
- spring - syllables ve, Schnee, e;
- chair - syllable chair, a word has one syllable, consisting of one vowel and three consonants.
A syllable is the minimum part of a word when pronounced, if you do not take into account degenerate cases when you need to spell the word. Hence the well-known expressions: read syllable by syllable, pronounce syllable by syllable. A syllable, like sound and stress, belongs to the section of phonetics.
In the Russian language there are words without syllables, that is, consisting only of consonants. A striking example of such words are onomatopoeic words. For example: hmm, t-s-s-s, tr-tr-tr.
