Patch of the old sample.

1993 - present temp.

Service of the commandant of the Moscow Kremlin

Cavalry Escort of Honor

The Presidential Regiment is a unique military unit that solves specific combat missions to ensure the security of the first persons of the state and the preservation of the Kremlin's valuables. It is part of FSO Russia, which has the status of a special service and reports directly to the president.

Since July 1976, a special guard company has been created as part of the Presidential Regiment, which ensures the holding of protocol events at the highest level.

soldiers Presidential Regiment in a special uniform.

Soldier Presidential Regiment in dress uniform.

Cavalry Escort of Honor Presidential Regiment .

Story

From March to September 1918, the protection of the Moscow Kremlin, which became the seat of the Soviet government, was carried out by Latvian riflemen. Then this task was carried out by the 1st Moscow machine gun courses. Red Army, later reorganized into the 1st Soviet United Military School Red Army named after the All-Russian Central Executive Committee.

In October 1935, the 1st military school of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee was transferred from the Kremlin to Lefortovo. Tasks for the protection of the Kremlin were transferred Special Forces Battalion(bosNaz). The battalion was part of the Kremlin commandant's office, which, in accordance with a government decree, left the subordination of the People's Commissariat of Defense and came under the subordination of the NKVD.

On April 8, 1936, in accordance with Order No. 122 for the Kremlin garrison, the Special Purpose Battalion was reorganized into Special Purpose Regiment of the NKVD of the USSR(pSpN), over time, unofficially nicknamed "Kremlin".

During the Soviet-Finnish war, part of the regiment's servicemen were involved in hostilities. By order of the Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR, 161 people were separated from the regiment and sent to the active Red Army.

From the first days of the Great Patriotic War, the Kremlin Regiment defended the Kremlin from German air raids. On June 25, 1941, by order of the commandant, the regiment switched to enhanced security and defense of facilities. On the Kremlin wall, round-the-clock duty of combat crews was established. In connection with the transition to an enhanced mode of service, the regiment was deployed as a combat unit in wartime states, and included in the active internal troops of the NKVD of the USSR.

In 1942-1943. 4 groups of snipers of the "Kremlin Regiment" were sent to the Western and Volkhov fronts, who destroyed over 1,200 enemy soldiers and officers. During the Great Patriotic War, the loss of the regiment amounted to 97 people.

In 1943, after the separation of the Main Directorate of State Security of the NKVD of the USSR (GUGB NKVD) into a separate commissariat, which is part of the structure of the former 1st department of the GUGB NKVD ( security leaders of the party and government) The special purpose regiment also becomes part of the newly formed bodies, and becomes Special Purpose Regiment of the NKGB of the USSR, and after the transformation in 1946 of the people's commissariats into ministries - Special Purpose Regiment of the Ministry of State Security of the USSR .

On September 19, 1952, the Special Purpose Regiment was transformed into Separate special purpose regiment of the MGB of the USSR(opSpN). Then, in the period from 1953 to 1954, in connection with the merger of the MGB and MIA into a single ministry, was part of the structure MIA THE USSR. After that, since 1954, the regiment entered the structure of the State Security Committee.

On May 7, 1965, for military merit during the Great Patriotic War and high performance in combat and political training, the Separate Special Purpose Regiment was awarded the Order of the Red Banner and becomes Separate Red Banner Special Purpose Regiment of the State Security Committee under the Council of Ministers of the USSR .

On July 24, 1973, the regiment officially receives the status of "Kremlin" - by order of the Chairman of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, it is renamed into Separate Red Banner Kremlin Regiment of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR. After the transformation of the KGB from a department into a central body of state administration on July 5, 1978 - Separate Red Banner Kremlin Regiment of the KGB of the USSR .

On March 25, 1975, the regiment received its own insignia - at the request of the command, by Order of the Chairman of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, it was established Chest sign"Kremlin Regiment" to encourage soldiers, sergeants, warrant officers and officers for impeccable service, success in combat and political training, and exemplary military discipline.

On May 5, 1986, in honor of commemorating its 50th anniversary, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, for merits in ensuring the state security of the USSR and achieving high results in service, the regiment was awarded the Order of the October Revolution.

In 1991, in the last year of the existence of the USSR, in connection with the reorganization of the KGB, the Separate Red Banner Kremlin Regiment of the KGB of the USSR was renamed Separate Red Banner Order of the October Revolution Kremlin Regiment of the Security Directorate under the Office of the President of the USSR. After the collapse of the USSR in 1992, the regiment began to be called Separate Red Banner Order of the October Revolution by the Kremlin Regiment of the Commandant's Office of the Moscow Kremlin of the Main Directorate of Security of the Russian Federation .

In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 20, 1993, the Separate Red Banner Order of the October Revolution Kremlin Regiment was transformed into the Red Banner Order of the October Revolution Presidential Regiment of the Commandant's Office of the Moscow Kremlin of the Main Directorate of Security of the Russian Federation.

On September 2, 2002, on the basis of the 11th separate cavalry regiment, the Cavalry Honorary Escort was formed as part of Presidential Regiment .

May 9, 2016 Presidential Regiment Awarded with the Diploma of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation:

Commander The regiment reports directly to the President of the Russian Federation - the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Barracks Presidential Regiment is located in the historical building of the Arsenal (Zeuhgauz). In the closed perimeter of the courtyard of the Arsenal there is a parade ground of the regiment and a sports hall FSO. Separate units of the regiment are also deployed in other administrative units of the Moscow region.

Compound

• Headquarters;
• 1st battalion:
  • 3rd company,
  • 4th company,
  • 5th company;
• 2nd battalion:
  • 7th company,
  • 8th company,
  • 9th company;
• 3rd battalion:
  • 1st Special Guard Company,
  • 11th Special Guard Company,
  • automobile company;
• Cavalry honorary escort:
  • 10th company,
  • cavalry squadron,
  • support company,
  • security department;
• Operational Reserve Battalion:
  • operational reserve company,
  • guard company.

Recently, a new full dress uniform has been developed for soldiers - lightweight hussar uniforms. In it, they stand up for the divorce of foot and horse guards, put on protocol and state events.

Dress uniform of soldiers of the Presidential Regiment

A shako is attached to the form. Soldiers polish all metal objects on it to a shine in order to see their reflection.

Kiver - headdress ceremonial uniform of a soldier of the Presidential Regiment Astrakhan collar and a cap. In severe frosts, military personnel can be in heated booths.

The uniform of the soldiers of the Presidential Regiment

Presidential Regiment - the history of appearance and our days

Service in the Presidential Regiment at all times was considered honorable, and at the same time not the easiest. Despite the fact that, for its intended purpose, this military unit is not supposed to be used directly in combat conditions (with the exception of absolutely unimaginable situations), the employees of the unit undergo not only enhanced drill, but also serious combat training, as expected.

The purpose of the division

The Red Banner Order of the October Revolution The Presidential Regiment of the Service of the Commandant of the Moscow Kremlin of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation (this is the official name) primarily exists to solve the prescribed tasks of guarding and protecting the location of the country's president in the Moscow Kremlin, performing garrison and guard duty.

It goes without saying that not only the building of the Senate Palace itself, where the office of the head of state and representative premises are located, is subject to protection. The presidential regiment guards the entire Kremlin territory, being its permanent garrison. Unlike the philistine idea, the presidential unit also includes operational units (the so-called “Kremlin special forces”), the main purpose of which is to directly suppress and repel unauthorized entry into restricted areas and repel an armed attack on the Kremlin (although in reality the storming of the main power residence armed formations is hard to imagine). Guard service is carried out in the Kremlin in a constant mode around the clock. These combat missions are carried out by special. Operreserve battalion.

It is most prestigious to serve in the ceremonial units of a military unit - the companies of the Special Guard and the Cavalry Escort of Honor. Naturally, not everyone gets into these formations - recruits must meet exceptional requirements. However, increased "conditions" are presented for all, without exception, military personnel of the elite regiment. However, this was not always the case.

legendary past

The prototype of the most elite military unit was originally formed in 1918, when the domestic leadership moved from St. Petersburg to Moscow. In Petrograd, the administration and leadership of the young socialist state (including Lenin himself) were housed in the building of the former Smolny Institute. The guard service of the then residence of the head of the RSFSR was small, and the building itself, together with the courtyard, was actually a freely accessible place.

With the move of the leadership of the RSFSR to Moscow, everything changed. The Kremlin itself was a seriously fortified object, in fact, completely isolated from the rest of the city. Meanwhile, its area is almost 30 hectares, and at the time of the government's move to the territory of the Kremlin, it was possible to get at least 4 passages (passages). All this required special attention, supervision and protection.

Soon, a resolution was adopted to prohibit free access of citizens to the Kremlin wall and to organize the security of the entire complex. The obligation to serve here was entrusted to the consolidated company of Latvian riflemen, which at one time guarded Lenin (and some other members of the government) in Petrograd as well.

Exactly one month after the relocation of the government to the new capital, all Latvian riflemen were formed into a single Latvian rifle Soviet division ( commander- Joachim Vatsetis, and then the former royal lieutenant colonel and St. George Cavalier Pyotr Aven). It was precisely the 9th Latvian Rifle Regiment that became the basis of the first Kremlin commandant service. However, already at the very end of 1918, the Latvians (almost without exception) were sent to the German front.

The protection of the Kremlin complex was entrusted to the nearest military unit - the 1st Moscow machine-gun courses (before that they had a chance to serve in the nearby Krutitsky barracks). The courses were renamed several times, but until 1935 they continued to carry out guard duty in the Kremlin at the same time as training.

At the end of 1935, the military school was relocated from the Krutitsky barracks and the Kremlin to another district of the capital (Lefortovo), and a special special-purpose battalion (the so-called “bosNaz”) was formed to perform the Kremlin service. And it was no longer a purely military unit. It had nothing to do with the people's commissar of defense, but was subordinate to the department of internal affairs (headed by Genrikh Yagoda). Already in 1936, the battalion was enlarged into the Special Forces Regiment of the Kremlin Commandant's Office.

The servicemen of the special forces units not only carried out the Kremlin service - they were directly involved in the so-called Winter (Finnish) campaign, some servicemen (both soldiers and officers) were sent to the fronts of the battles with the Nazis as specialist snipers. On the territory of the capital during the war years, the regimental services also solved the tasks of air defense of the Kremlin buildings.

Starting from 1943 and until 1993, the Kremlin part was directly subordinate to the state security agencies (in different years they had different names). And only in 1991 (after the well-known events and the attempted coup by the State Emergency Committee) were the news officially announced about the renaming of the military unit into the Kremlin Regiment of the Security Directorate under the Office of the President of the USSR.

After the formal registration of the "end" of the Soviet state in 1992, the military unit received a new name: the Kremlin Regiment of the Commandant's Office of the Moscow Kremlin of the Main Directorate of Security of the Russian Federation (predecessor FSO). And a few months later, on March 20, 1993, the unit officially became Presidential.

The composition, deployment and tasks of the "Kremlin"

As of the end of 2017, the regiment was formed from four battalions and the Cavalry Escort of Honor, which, in fact, is also a battalion formation. It has a presidential regiment of companies for various purposes and tasks of service in the amount of 14 units (as part of the mentioned battalions).

For the most part, the military unit, its leadership and headquarters unit are deployed on the territory of the Kremlin complex itself in the Arsenal building. Commands a unit major general Oleg Galkin, who has been serving here since 1979 (began as a platoon). Despite the formal subordination of the regiment FSO In Russia, General Galkin is not subordinate to the leadership of this structure - only directly to the President of the country.

The first two battalions of the elite regiment carry out the main tasks of carrying out everyday garrison and guard services. One of them is located on the territory of the Zavidovo complex (government reserve and hunting ground) in the Tver region and serves to protect this object. Another battalion (motorized rifle) is located in the village of Kalchuga, Odintsovo district, Moscow region (not far from Barvikha). The servicemen of this unit are called upon to carry out purely combat missions to strengthen the Kremlin garrison in a situation with the threat of an assault, a massive attack, and similar situations.

The third battalion is located in the barracks of the Arsenal and is engaged in carrying out special guard duty (guards of honor, the First Post at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in the Alexander Garden, etc.). To serve in these units is probably the dream of any recruit.

The 3rd Battalion of the Presidential Regiment also has a special automobile company. It has nothing to do with the Special Purpose Garage (government limousines) and performs auxiliary functions - the transportation of personnel, military equipment, weapons and military equipment.

Honorary Horse Escort is stationed in the village. Kalininets near Alabino next to the Taman division. Its function is participation in protocol and demonstration events.

There is also an operational reserve battalion, which is actually a special forces formation for immediate combat response when necessary.

Service and life in the Kremlin garrison

Immediately after the conscripts take the military oath, they, like in any Russian military units, take the course of a young soldier, learning all the intricacies of military service.

The daily routine of the Kremlin soldiers is also not much different from any other combat units. Most of the time is occupied by combat, drill, physical and theoretical training and classes, carrying out garrison and guard services.

Soldiers and sergeants of different conscription live in different rooms (barracks). According to some reports, only in the author and the communications unit both calls live together, which. most likely due to their scarcity.

Three times a week, soldiers and sergeants of the Presidential Regiment visit the club that is available here, where a variety of events are organized: watching movies, meetings with veterans, scientists and artists, etc. Naturally, like any other military personnel in Russia, "conscripts" have the right for dismissal in city according to the established schedule (provided that they do not have violations of charters and discipline).

Food for soldiers and sergeants in the Presidential Regiment is carried out according to standard standards. True, there is one feature. Since recent times, military personnel have been taking food exclusively from individual porcelain dishes using cutlery (spoons, knives and forks). The command is trying to instill elementary etiquette skills.

The clothing allowance of the Kremlin military personnel differs from other soldiers, sergeants and officers only in the presence of a special full dress and ceremonial uniform (for those carrying special guard duty). everyday same dress is no different from the common one.

Conscription to the Presidential Regiment

Many pre-conscripts and conscripts are thinking about how to get into the service of the Presidential Regiment. This, of course, is not so simple. For future "Kremlin" there are certain additional standards.

The officers of the unit travel to the regions ahead of time, look closely and select candidates for service in the Kremlin. According to the unspoken regulations, it is almost impossible for residents of the capital region to “get settled” in the Presidential Regiment. In the companies of special guards, conscripts of exclusively Slavic appearance are recruited.

Strict requirements are also imposed on the physical condition of candidates:

• height not less than 175 and not more than 190 cm;
• weight proportional to height;
• the absence of "special signs" in open areas of the body (large moles, tattoos, scars, etc.);
• complete physical health (visual deviations up to 0.7 units are allowed).

Since service in the Presidential Regiment is actually a service in state security agencies, all candidates undergo a preliminary special check, which can take quite a long time.

At the end of military service, the best servicemen are offered to conclude a contract for further service. And this promises considerable prospects - not only a good financial allowance and living in the capital, but also the possibility of obtaining a higher military education, followed by military service in officer positions and in officer rank.

Post History #1

In the history of each country there are pages that will forever remain in the people's memory despite any changes and social upheavals in society. There are many such episodes in Russia, one of them is the death of the head of the first Soviet republic, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars V.I. Lenin. Lifetime love for him was popular. Therefore, when on January 21, 1924 V.I. Lenin was gone, the country was seized by deep mourning.

During the days of mourning, the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and the Soviet government received over a thousand telegrams and letters in which people asked to postpone the funeral and keep the body of V.I. Lenin. On January 25, the Soviet government adopted a resolution stating: “In order to meet the desire expressed by numerous delegations and appeals to the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, and in order to provide everyone who does not have time to arrive in Moscow by the day of the funeral, the opportunity to say goodbye to their beloved leader, The Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR decides:

1. Keep the coffin with the body of Vladimir Ilyich in the crypt, making the latter accessible to the public.
2. To build a crypt near the Kremlin wall, on Red Square, among the mass graves of the fighters of the October Revolution.

On the night of January 24, the architect AB. Shchusev received an urgent government assignment: by the time of Lenin's funeral, to design and build a temporary Mausoleum on Red Square, with a crypt for the leader's coffin. It was required that the tomb could let through many people who wanted to say goodbye to Lenin. In the morning, the preliminary design of the Mausoleum was ready, approved by the government commission, and the architect, having arrived at Red Square, made a breakdown of the plan for its construction near the Senate Tower of the Kremlin. Since the period was short, and the Mausoleum was designed to be temporary, it was built of wood.

The first wooden Mausoleum was very different from the current granite one. It was a dark gray cube topped with a small three-stage pyramid. The total height was about three meters. The facade was lined with black wooden bars LENIN. To the right and left of this cube, there are two identical wooden buildings, similar to booths, for the entrance and exit of visitors.

The day before Lenin's funeral, by order of the head of the Moscow garrison, a guard of honor was established at the Mausoleum of V.I. Lenin.

The first sentries to the post to the Mausoleum of V.I. Lenin was placed by the breeder Janos Meissaros. At 4 pm, cadets Grigory Koblov and Arseniy Kashkin stood near Lenin's coffin on a wooden platform on Red Square. When the coffin was lifted and slowly carried, they walked along the sides, and when they reached the Mausoleum, they put their feet, turned to each other and froze with rifles at the entrance.

On January 30, an order was issued at the military school, which indicated the order of companies and squadrons in carrying the guard of honor. The best cadets were assigned there - cavalrymen, machine gunners, infantrymen, artillerymen. Thus began the history of the guard of honor, which was popularly called "Post No. 1".

In September 1924, the first sentries G.P. Koblov, A.V. Kashkin and breeder Y. Meisarosh graduated from the Joint Military School. VTsIK. Before dispersing to regiments, the young red commanders came to the Mausoleum. Here they took an oath of allegiance to the cause of the revolution.

Arseniy Kashkin, the painter who graduated from the Kremlin school with honors, had many tempting job offers. But he chose the path of a combat commander. Altai, Central Asia, the fight against the Basmachi on the border, filled with constant anxieties and chases.

In the summer of 1930, he was seriously wounded in a battle with paint. I had to leave the military service. But A.V. did not give up. Kashkin. For decades he led state farms, brought lagging farms to the forefront. And then, when he was sent to work at the Kyrgyz Educational and Pedagogical Publishing House, he began to make good, colorful textbooks for children.

Grigory Koblov did not forget the oath given at the Mausoleum, neither in the Soviet divisions, where he served in the 1920s, nor abroad, where he carried out special assignments from the government. During the Great Patriotic War Moscow Saluted 15 times in honor of the courage and valor of the cavalry divisions commanded by the guards major general G.P. Koblov. The hero was wounded seven times. The first sentry has 11 orders and 13 medals.

The Hungarian Janos Meissaros carried this oath through the barracks of the Moscow Cavalry Brigade, where he served after graduation, through the steppes of Mongolia, through the headquarters of the Hungarian-fascist expeditionary corps, where during the Second World War he worked under the guise of a defector for more than two years. In February 1945, the first commander of the eternal guard participated in the liberation of his native Budapest.

On January 27, 1924, the best cadets of the Kremlin Joint Military School named after M.V. VTsIK.

After Lenin's funeral, more than 100,000 people visited the Mausoleum in a month and a half. Every day, huge masses of working people gathered on Red Square, wishing to go to the coffin of Lenin and say goodbye to him. However, it was not possible to let everyone through: the dimensions of the crypt were small, moreover, when people passed, the air in it heated up, which was dangerous for the preservation of the body.

Spring was coming. The warming made it impossible to further preserve Lenin's body. At the end of March, access to the Mausoleum was closed for scientists to try to carry out a new embalming.

Architect A.V. Shchusev received a new government assignment: to rebuild the Mausoleum, giving it a monumental architectural and artistic form. The mausoleum was supposed to keep the simplicity of outlines and the architecture to be combined with the Kremlin wall and Red Square. At the same time, he had to simultaneously perform the functions of a tomb and a tribune. Work began on the creation of the second wooden Mausoleum. Shchusev retained the stepped composition of the simple, laconic forms of the Mausoleum, increased its size and added a portico and stands. The tomb immediately became more monumental, more perfect, more majestic.

By May 1, 1924, most of the work was completed. The new tomb was surrounded by a hexagonal square with a low iron fence.

After the opening in August, the Mausoleum immediately became a place of universal worship, a place near which the most important events and celebrations of the country began to be held - demonstrations, rallies, military parades, etc. So, on November 7, 1924, in front of the Mausoleum of V.I. Lenin, the troops of the Moscow garrison, lined up for the parade, took the Red Oath.

And again, a guard of Kremlin cadets was posted near the entrance to the tomb. On the first anniversary of the death of V.I. Lenin, cadets, Red Army soldiers and commanders of other military schools and regiments of the Moscow garrison, along with the Kremlin, became guards of honor at the Mausoleum. The best of the best stood out there. Their names were announced in the order in parts, indicating the merits of each. Simultaneously with the military, workers and peasants were on duty at the sarcophagus. At this time, the ceremonial change of sentries at the Mausoleum was born, which bore the imprint of the harsh simplicity characteristic of that unforgettable time. It was simple and at the same time majestic.

By 1929, it became clear that the embalming of Lenin's body had been a brilliant success. Scientists have guaranteed the preservation of the body for long periods. The government decided to replace the wooden Mausoleum with a stone one. The previously announced international competition did not give positive results. Therefore, we decided to preserve the architecture of the Mausoleum, which has become familiar to the people. The government commission for the construction of a permanent mausoleum was headed by K.E. Voroshilov. The construction of the stone tomb was again entrusted to the author of the project, Academician A.V. Shchusev.

Reproducing the forms of the wooden Mausoleum in stone, the architect did not copy them mechanically. Preserving the architectural ensemble of Red Square, the architect created new forms, trying to make the tomb even more expressive. The third Mausoleum, dressed in granite and marble, still stands on Red Square.

Since 1935, the guard of honor at the Mausoleum of V.I. Lenin was carried by the soldiers of the Kremlin garrison.

After the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, when the enemy came very close to Moscow, one of the most important was the issue of protecting the Mausoleum from air bombardments and preserving the body of V.I. Lenin. During its study, a special commission made a proposal to evacuate the body of V.I. Lenin to a safer place. This idea was fully supported by V.I. Lenin professor B.I. Zbarsky and his colleagues. At the beginning of the war, such measures, for obvious reasons, were a great state secret. In accordance with the secret order of the NKGB of the USSR, on July 3, 1941, the body of V. I. Lenin was sent to the city of Tyumen in a special carriage of a special train. The train was guarded by employees of the NKGB and the commandant's office of the Moscow Kremlin. "Post No. 1" was transferred to a railway car. The sentries changed to the sound of wheels. For three years and nine months sentries guarded the body of V.I. Lenin in a distant city beyond the Urals, inaccessible to the Nazi bombers.

The anxious life of the fighting capital did not disturb the service of the guard of honor at the Mausoleum of V.I. Lenin. Day and night, in rain and cold, under a hail of fragments, as a symbol of the uncompromising steadfastness of a free people, the Kremlin soldiers performed their task in solemn silence. This permanent watch at the main post of the country strengthened the faith of the people in victory.

Instead of the Mausoleum, a three-story building appeared before the eyes of Muscovites. The tribunes to the left and right of him were covered with huge panels, painted "under the roof." The mausoleum stood disguised for more than four months. The “camouflage robe” was removed on the night of November 7, 1941, on the eve of the historic parade of the defenders of Moscow. After the parade, the Mausoleum was not disguised.

The relentless passage of time. Years passed, the country healed the wounds. A peaceful life was established. At the main post of the country, sentries were still clearly replaced.

A great shock for the Soviet people was the death of I.V. Stalin on March 5, 1953. It was decided to embalm his body, put it in a sarcophagus and place it in the Mausoleum on Red Square next to the sarcophagus of V.I. Lenin. Everything was done very quickly. Already by the day of the funeral, a new inscription LENIN STALIN could be seen above the entrance to the tomb.

A few years later, in the course of exposing Stalin's personality cult, it was deemed inappropriate to further preserve the sarcophagus with his coffin in the Mausoleum, and it was moved from the Mausoleum to the Kremlin wall.

If it were possible to collect more than eight thousand people who took under the protection of the main post of the country, then they would tell a lot. They would tell how jubilant crowds of demonstrators carried posters and slogans with bright figures of the labor victories of the first five-year plans past the Mausoleum, how the first Soviet cars, the first tractors moved along Red Square.

For the Soviet people, it was the law before great achievements to come to the Mausoleum and take an oath to the leader. Stratonauts came here before rushing into mysterious heights. Here were the Papaninians, the fearless heroic polar explorers. BUT autumn 1941 when Moscow listened to the rattle of tanks and the fascist hordes frantically rushed to the gates of the capital, to Red Square, to Lenin, soldiers and commanders of the Red Army came in close, steel ranks. From here they marched straight to the front to smash the sworn enemy. And here, in the victorious 1945, they brought the defeated standards of the defeated Nazi units, throwing them at the foot of the Mausoleum.

Veterans of the regiment remember what a decoration of the parades on Red Square was the prancing cavalry. Powerful Soviet tanks, all-terrain armored personnel carriers, powerful howitzers, guards mortars, all-destroying missiles - ballistic, intercontinental ...

Before each flight into space, cosmonauts came to the Mausoleum - they walked past the tomb of Lenin and silently swore an oath to the end to fulfill their scientific duty, not to flinch before the tests that the starry ocean would prepare for them.

Here, on Red Square, to Lenin's Mausoleum, people came and still come...

The ceremonial of the change of sentries at the Mausoleum is beautiful and solemn.

Every warrior dreamed of serving near the Mausoleum. The future sentries of Post No. 1 came to V.I. Lenin, got acquainted with his life and work. Then began the painstaking and intense preparation. Daily grueling training: the soldiers worked out a special Kremlin drill step, rifle techniques, and coordination of movements. It was necessary to learn how to correctly and, most importantly, to approach the post on time and make a shift. For this, a special wooden model of the Mausoleum's portal was made. The soldiers achieved impeccable clarity. Even the “Post Competition No. 1” was established, in which five pairs of the best sentries took part every year.

Among the former sentries of "Post No. 1" there are many people who later became famous. Who knows, maybe it was the service at the main post of the country that made them so. These are well-known military, state and political figures of our country, leaders of production and agriculture, representatives of science, culture and art. In the 20-30s, the Heroes of the Soviet Union served at the Mausoleum twice: the defender of Madrid and Stalingrad, Colonel General A.I. Rodimtsev, commanders of the famous guards brigades that fought to Budapest and Berlin, colonels S.F. Shutov and A.A. Golovachev. These are the Heroes of the Soviet Union: Colonel General A.F. Shcheglov, V.V. Butkov and I.A. Kuzovkov, Major General E.G. Koberidze, V.A. Borisov, L.D. Churilov and others.

Private M.K. Voskresensky took over the post to the Mausoleum of V.I. Lenin in the 60s. He finished military service, became an officer, but did not imagine that he would once again have to return to serve on Red Square. Colonel Voskresensky became the commandant of the Commandant's Office of the Mausoleum V.I. Lenin.

The pioneer of the 70s, Viktor Efimov, after the service, became a junior sergeant of the state traffic inspectorate of the Kievsky district of Moscow. Tempering, acquired within the walls of the Kremlin, came in handy in a new place. The Kremlin man did not flinch when, during the period of service, he had to fight with the criminal. For his courage and heroism, he was presented to medals"For Military Merit". In addition, V. Efimov was awarded the rank of junior lieutenant.

I.A. Makevnin served in the Kremlin regiment in 1978-1980. He has 86 guards at Post No. 1 to his credit. After serving in the army, he returned to his native Ulyanovsk. For several years he headed the Ulyanovsk City Duma, now he is the general director of a large plant. And now his place in the ranks, in the same company of the Presidential Regiment, has been taken by his son Kirill, who also serves at "Post No. 1" - at the tomb of the Unknown Soldier.

Colonels G.A. Gusev and M.V. Bystrov, from the generation of pioneers of the 70s, occupy high positions in the departments of the Federal Security Service of Russia. I.N. worked in the system of state security organs. Ternyuk, A.V. Kwiatkovsky. P.V. Makhinya, after serving in the 1st company of the Kremlin Regiment, worked in the territorial bodies of state security, and currently he is in a leadership position in the Administration of the Voronezh Region. And this list can go on and on. The constellation of names is the constellation of heroic deeds, legendary deeds.

In the 60s, the tradition of periodically setting up double posts near the Mausoleum of V.I. was revived on solemn occasions. Lenin. Next to the Kremlin soldiers were veterans of the unit who graduated from the military school. All-Russian Central Executive Committee and those who came to traditional training camps from all over the country. Every year, on April 22, the honorary watch was carried by the former fighters of the personal guard V.I. Lenin, gray-haired veterans. When Pioneers or Komsomol members celebrated the anniversaries of their organizations on Red Square, the best schoolchildren and workers, students and collective farmers became guards of honor at the Mausoleum.

In 1974, exactly 50 years later, under the second strike of the chimes of the Spasskaya Tower, the first sentries of the historical guard, retired General G.P. Koblov and former painter of the border guard A.V. Kashkin.

On July 6, 1976, in accordance with the order of the Chairman of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, on the basis of platoons serving at the post at the Mausoleum V.I. Lenin and organizationally included in various companies of the regiment, a special guard company was created. This was done in order to purposefully and efficiently prepare soldiers and sergeants for service at Post No. 1, to more reliably guard the Mausoleum of V.I. Lenin in clock access for visitors and improve the preparation of the front line for the service on Red Square.

Ceremonial post near the Mausoleum of V.I. Lenin was removed after the well-known events in early October 1993, when the shots died down near the building of the government of the USSR. The last watch at the main post of the country was carried by Private R.I. Poletaev and corporal V.V. Dedkov. Since October 6, sentries have not been posted at Post No. 1.

There were heavy losses during the battle for Moscow in 1941. One of the well-known episodes of this battle is associated with the Kryukovo station area, 40 km from Moscow. In this place close to the capital, the fascist troops sought to break through the defenses. On their way stood the soldiers of the Guards Division I.V. Panfilova, cavalrymen of the corps of General L.M. Dovator and tankers of the brigade of General M.E. Katukov. For several days they held back the Nazis, but the forces were unequal, and the Soviet troops were forced to retreat even closer to Moscow ...

However, the Nazis never managed to enter our capital. On December 6, the troops of the Western Front launched a counteroffensive, and after a few days the enemy troops fled, leaving tens of thousands of dead and wounded on the battlefield. Our losses were also considerable. Known and unknown heroes found eternal rest in the land near Moscow.

In December 1966, when the 25th anniversary of the defeat of the Nazi troops near Moscow was celebrated, the remains of the Unknown Soldier, who died defending the capital in December 1941, were buried in the Alexander Garden near the Kremlin wall. The ashes were transferred from a huge mass grave at the 41st kilometer Leningradskoye Highway, the place where the fate of Moscow was decided. This event was preceded by a decision, made on the eve of the celebration of the 20th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War, to erect a monument to the Unknown Soldier in Moscow. As a result of the competition, preference was given to the project of architects D.I. Burdin and V.A. Klimov, who proposed to erect a monument that would personify the eternal memory of the descendants of the soldiers who gave their lives for our Motherland.

/images/stories/historypost1/

In January 1967, the erection of the monument began. Before that, the architects visited Brazil, France, looked at photographs of similar monuments built in Italy, Finland and other countries.

The opening of the monument to the Unknown Soldier in Moscow took place on May 8, 1967. A beautifully decorated granite alley leads to the grave, which is located between the Arsenal corner tower and the grotto. To the left of it is a granite wall, on which is engraved: "1941 - To those who fell for the Motherland -1945"; on the right, along the Kremlin wall - a granite alley, where dark red porphyry blocks are located with capsules immured in them with the earth of hero cities: Leningrad (taken from the Piskarevsky cemetery), Kyiv (from the foot of the Obelisk to the participants in the defense of the city), Stalingrad (from Mamaev Kurgan )2, Odessa (from the defense lines), Sevastopol (from the Malakhov Kurgan), Minsk, Kerch, Novorossiysk, Tula (the land was taken from the advanced defense lines of these cities) and the hero-fortress Brest (the land from the foot of the walls).

In the center of the memorial is a red granite platform, in the middle of which, in a depression on black marble slabs, is a large bronze star. In the middle of the star burns the Eternal Flame of Glory. The torch for the memorial at the Kremlin wall was lit from the Eternal Flame on the Field of Mars in Leningrad and delivered by the soldiers of the Taman Guards Division. On the granite slab of the gravestone, rising behind the Eternal Flame, there is a bronze composition - a soldier's helmet and a laurel branch lying on the battle banner, installed in 1975. On the plate is the inscription - "Your name is unknown, your feat is immortal."

There was no permanent guard post at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. Sentinels were exhibited only for the period of solemn and commemorative events, the laying of wreaths. Nevertheless, for the soldiers of the regiment, service here was akin to service near the Mausoleum of V.I. Lenin. The Kremlin servicemen will never forget June 19, 1970, when the military oath was taken by the young soldiers of the unit near the Eternal Flame.

A significant event in the life of the regiment and especially its 1st company was the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 8, 1997. In accordance with it, from December 12, 1997, a permanent guard of honor from the Presidential Guard was established at the Eternal Flame at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier a shelf. The decree determined that the changing of the guard at the post would take place daily every hour from 8 to 20 hours, in exceptional cases and at other times.

For the guard of honor, the order of service and the ritual of changing sentries were approved, and a new military uniform was developed. In addition, the posts were appropriately equipped and equipped with the necessary technical means and communications.

The first guard of honor at the tomb of the Unknown Soldier was led by commander 1st company captain V.S. Kaminsky. December 12 at 8 o'clock in the morning staff Sergeant M.P. Volgunov led the first shift to the main post of the country, consisting of corporal R.V. Chernoburov and Corporal A.S. Gorbashkov.

The ritual of changing sentries at the tomb of the Unknown Soldier is beautiful and solemn. Particularly impressive is the unique “Kremlin step” worked out to perfection: “from an elongated toe to the ground -20 cm. The movement of a straight leg at the knee comes from the hip. At the same time, both the right and left soles of the soldier should fall on the same line. This is a very difficult step. It has remained since Nikolaev times. And, of course, one admires the synchronicity of the actions of the participants in the changing of the guard. It looks like twins are coming. By the way, there are indeed quite a few twins in the Presidential Regiment.

Service in the main post is honorable, but also difficult. Neither the sweltering heat nor the bone-piercing frost can change the usual picture - sentries frozen at the post. The seeming stiffness, even the stiffness of the soldiers, a certain detachment from the outside world is very deceptive. This is just an appearance. The leaders are very attentive and watchful. There are times when drunken citizens try to test the vigilance and stamina of the guard by throwing snowballs, empty cans and bottles at sentries. There are also attacks on the post. Do not hesitate - the rebuff will be guaranteed and adequate.

Yes, here at the Eternal Flame, at Post No. 1, there are the best of the best, the elite of the army, its face, the face of the whole country. In appearance they are strict and majestic. But these are ordinary guys serving in the very heart of Russia. What do they think about, standing at the post, at the grave of the deceased nameless hero of the Great War, which they know only by hearsay?

At the grave of the Unknown Soldier there are always flowers, they are brought here by old and young, official delegations, newlyweds. In recent years, a tradition has been born: in the early morning on Victory Day, veterans of the Patriotic War and young people gather here for a memorial watch with lit candles in their hands. Every year on May 9, celebrating the Victory Day, the whole country honors the memory of the dead with a Minute of Silence, which is counted against the backdrop of the Eternal Flame at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier near the Kremlin wall of Moscow.

Gallery

Ask a Question

Related Products

The summer suit consists of a jacket and trousers. It is part of the all-weather set of basic uniforms (VKBO). A suit made of Mirage fabric (PE-65%, cotton-35%), with a high content of cotton - is hygienic and comfortable in daily wear. Straight cut jacket. The collar is a stand, the volume is regulated by a pata on a textile fastener. The central fastener on a demountable lightning closed by a level on textile fasteners. Two breast patch pockets with flaps on textile fasteners. Back with two vertical pleats for freedom of movement in the area of ​​the shoulder blades. Sleeves are one-piece. In the upper part of the sleeves there are patch pockets with flaps on textile fasteners. In the area of ​​the elbow there are pads-amplifiers with an input for protectors on textile fasteners. At the bottom of the sleeve there is a patch pocket for pens. On a bottom of sleeves cuffs with pats on textile fasteners for volume adjustment. Straight cut trousers. One-piece belt with seven belt loops. The volume of the belt is regulated by a cord with tips. Button closure. Two side slash pockets. On the side seams are two large patch pockets with three folds for volume. The upper part of the pockets is pulled together with an elastic cord with a clamp. Entrances to pockets, designed obliquely, like a hand, are closed with flaps on textile fasteners. In the area of ​​the knees there are reinforcement pads with an input for protectors on textile fasteners. At the bottom of the trousers there are patch pockets with flaps on textile fasteners. The volume on the bottom of the trousers is regulated by a braid. On the back halves of the trousers are two welt pockets with flaps with a hidden button closure. Reinforcement pad in the seat area

Jacket: - free cut; - a fastener central onboard, a wind-shelter level, on buttons; - coquette from finishing fabric; -2 welt slanted pockets with a flap, buttoned at the bottom of the front; - 1 slant patch pocket on the sleeves; - reinforcing curly overlays in the elbow area; - the bottom of the sleeves with an elastic band; - double hood, with a visor, has a drawstring to adjust the volume; - waist adjustment with drawstrings; Trousers: - free cut; -2 side vertical pockets; - in the area of ​​the knees, on the back halves of the trousers along the seam of the seat - reinforcing pads; -2 side patch pockets with flap; -2 back patch pockets with buttons; - the cut of the details in the knee area prevents them from stretching; - the back halves under the knee are assembled with an elastic band; - waistband with elastic; - bottom with elastic band; - fastened braces (braces); - belt loops; wearing - both in boots and out. material: tent cloth; composition: 100% cotton; density: 270 gr.; overlays: ripstop, oxford; cuffs: yes; sealing gum: yes; jacket/pants pockets: yes/yes; optional: lightweight summer version; high strength fabric and seams; How to wash Gorka suit.

Semi-fitted dress in dark blue with a V-neck, decorated with a red silk scarf (included). Fabric - gabardine. According to the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia No. 575, chevrons are sewn onto the sleeves of the dress at a distance of 8 cm from the edge of the shoulder. A chevron is sewn on the left sleeve, indicating belonging to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and on the right sleeve, a chevron, indicating the service of a police / justice officer. You can add chevrons with Velcro. A shawl to a dress is worn in a triangle folded in the form of a scarf, the narrow ends are tied together and tucked in at the back inside under the collar. The wide side is tucked in under the neckline of the dress. It is allowed to wear a summer dress without a scarf in the office. The length of the dress along the bottom edge should be at the level of the knees. The Police/Justice short sleeve dress is part of the new police uniform Sample material pattern:

Gorka-3 suit is the most successful and widespread type of Gorka suit. Made from rip-stop material with a density of 270 gr. per 1 m2 of black color, structurally consists of a jacket and trousers. Used to protect the fighter from adverse weather conditions, all-weather. The main difference of this suit is the fleece lining. The jacket has a deep hood with drawstrings, two welt side pockets covered with flaps fastened with a button, one inner pocket for documents and two pockets on the sleeves, just below the shoulders. It is worth noting that the fleece lining is removable, which increases the usability of the suit and allows it to be used in a wider temperature range. Shoulders, elbows, cuffs are reinforced with oxford 0 rip-stop synthetic fabric. Reinforcement on the elbows of the mountain-3 suit is made in the form of a Velcro pocket, completed with hard inserts. The sleeves are equipped with anti-dust cuffs and a hidden volume adjustment elastic band just above the wrist. The jacket also has an adjustable drawstring along the edge and fastens with buttons. Gorka suit trousers have six pockets. Two side slotted, two cargo waybills and two rear. The knees, the bottom of the legs and other loaded areas of the trousers are reinforced with Oxford 0 rip-stop synthetic fabric. The bottom of the legs is double, the so-called “dust boot” reinforced with a cuff that is worn over the boot and prevents dust, dirt and small stones from entering it. Just below the knee bend, the trousers have a fixing elastic band. It automatically adjusts the volume of the leg and prevents the fabric from sailing. Pants are equipped with detachable suspenders. Main features: removable fleece lining demi-season suit strong material inner pocket hood CHARACTERISTICS SUIT CHARACTERISTICS Material: ripstop Composition: 70/30 Density: 240 gr. Overlays: oxford 0 Cuffs: yes Seals: yes Jacket/pants pockets: yes/yes Seasonality: demi-season Additionally: reinforced inserts, removable fleece lining, anthers on trousers, suspenders included

Semi-fitted dress in dark blue with a V-neck, decorated with a red silk scarf (included). Fabric - gabardine. According to the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia No. 575, chevrons are sewn onto the sleeves of the dress at a distance of 8 cm from the edge of the shoulder. A chevron is sewn on the left sleeve, indicating belonging to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and on the right sleeve, a chevron, indicating the service of a police / justice officer. You can add chevrons with Velcro. A shawl to a dress is worn in a triangle folded in the form of a scarf, the narrow ends are tied together and tucked in at the back inside under the collar. The wide side is tucked in under the neckline of the dress. It is allowed to wear a summer dress without a scarf in the office. The length of the dress along the bottom edge should be at the level of the knees. The Short Sleeve Police/Justice Dress is part of the new police uniform. Material drawing example:

Fabric: Mirage-210, pe-67%, chl-33% The summer suit consists of a jacket and trousers. Straight cut jacket. Stand collar. The central fastener on a demountable lightning closed by a level on textile fasteners. Two breast patch pockets with flaps on textile fasteners. Pockets are located obliquely, in the direction of the hand. Back with two vertical pleats for freedom of movement in the area of ​​the shoulder blades. Sleeves are one-piece. In the upper part of the sleeves there are patch pockets with flaps on textile fasteners, with belt loops on the inside of the flaps. In the area of ​​the elbow there are pads-amplifiers with an input for protectors on textile fasteners. At the bottom of the sleeves there are patch pockets for pens. On a bottom of sleeves cuffs with pats on textile fasteners for volume adjustment. Straight cut trousers. One-piece belt with seven belt loops. The volume of the belt is regulated by a cord with tips. Button closure. Two side slash pockets. On the side seams are two large patch pockets with three folds for volume. The upper part of the pockets is pulled together with an elastic cord with a clamp. Entrances to pockets, designed obliquely, like a hand, are closed with flaps on textile fasteners. In the area of ​​the knees there are reinforcement pads with an input for protectors on textile fasteners. At the bottom of the trousers there are patch pockets with flaps on textile fasteners. The volume on the bottom of the trousers is regulated by a braid. On the back halves of the trousers are two welt pockets with flaps with a secret fastener

Please note - in this model, fleece insulation is only in the jacket! Coloring: khaki Jacket: - free cut; - a fastener central onboard, a wind-shelter level, on buttons; - coquette from finishing fabric; -2 welt slanted pockets with a flap, buttoned at the bottom of the front; - 1 slant patch pocket on the sleeves; - reinforcing curly overlays in the elbow area; - the bottom of the sleeves with an elastic band; - double hood, with a visor, has a drawstring to adjust the volume; - waist adjustment with drawstrings; Trousers: - free cut; -2 side vertical pockets; - in the area of ​​the knees, on the back halves of the trousers along the seam of the seat - reinforcing pads; -2 side patch pockets with flap; -2 back patch pockets with buttons; - the cut of the details in the knee area prevents them from stretching; - the back halves under the knee are assembled with an elastic band; - waistband with elastic; - bottom with elastic band; - fastened braces (braces); - belt loops; wearing - both in boots and out. material: tent cloth; composition: 100% cotton; density: 270 gr.; overlays: ripstop, oxford 0; cuffs: yes; sealing gum: yes; seasonality: demi-season; additionally: reinforced inserts, removable fleece lining, anthers on trousers, suspenders included

Moss scout suit The scout suit is made in a very successful design of the demi-season "smok" uniform in the colors of the A-TACS FG experimental camouflage. The suit consists of a jacket and trousers. The jacket is long, below the waist. Equipped with a deep hood with adjustable drawstrings, it has four voluminous cargo pockets closed with flaps on a large English button, which makes it easy to open the pocket in a hurry, with shooting gloves, and in other extreme conditions, when the time count has gone by seconds. The elbows of the suit are reinforced with an additional layer of fabric, the sleeves are equipped with wide rubber bands. On buttons. Trousers of the suit are free-cut, all loaded parts are reinforced with an additional layer of fabric. A wide rubber band is sewn into the belt, a thin cord for additional tightening, and loops for attaching suspenders. The trousers have four pockets. Two slotted, covered with valves on a large English button, two cargo overhead, in which additional ammunition can be carried. A wide cuff and so-called "brakes" made of elastic fabric are provided along the bottom of the legs, which prevent the legs from being pulled up. color moss (A-TACS FG) Main features: coloring drawstring at the waist elastic bands on the pants carrying case for suspenders included CHARACTERISTICS CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SUIT Material: T/S Composition: 65 pe /35 viscose Density: 160 gr. Cuffs: yes Seals: no

The tunic is part of the daily and exit uniforms of police officers of the new model. Worn with trousers. Material: Suit (semi-woolen) fabric. Composition: 75% wool, 25% polyester 280 g/m2 Lining: Twill 100% viscose 105% g/m2. Fitted, single-breasted, four-button closure. Turn-down collar with lapels. Shelves with cutting barrels. Side pockets are horizontal welt in the "frame" with flaps. A back with the central seam in which lower part the vent is located. Sleeves are set-in, two-sutural. Jacket with lining. On the left shelf of the lining there is an inside pocket with a “leaflet”. Designed for employees of internal affairs bodies with special police ranks, as well as for cadets (listeners) of educational institutions of higher professional education of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. It has red trim on the sleeves. According to the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia No. 575, chevrons are sewn onto the sleeves of the suit at a distance of 8 cm from the edge of the shoulder. A chevron is sewn on the left sleeve, indicating belonging to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and on the right sleeve, a chevron, indicating the service of a police officer. You can add chevrons with Velcro. In addition, shoulder straps with buttons are sewn onto this tunic, and two lavalier emblems are also strengthened. How to sew on a shoulder strap? To do this, in addition to the tunic itself and shoulder straps, you will need a ruler, scissors, a needle, a thimble and strong red threads. Be sure to wear a thimble, even if you are used to sewing without it, as sometimes the needle passes through shoulder straps with great difficulty, and you can injure your fingers. If you find it difficult to pull the needle and thread out of the shoulder strap, then you can use pliers or tweezers. 1) First of all, prepare the shoulder strap, i.e. fasten all the required insignia on it, since it will be much more difficult to do this on an already sewn pursuit. 2) Take the shoulder strap and position it so that the side farthest from the button is close to the seam that connects the shoulder of the tunic to the sleeve. At the same time, the upper, directed towards the back, edge of the shoulder strap should go 1 cm from above to the seam running along the shoulder. In other words, the shoulder strap should be slightly shifted forward. 3) Thread the needle and fasten the shoulder strap to the tunic at three points: at the corners of the shoulder strap, at the place where it comes into contact with the sleeve seam and in the center of the semicircular cut. Now the shoulder strap will be securely fastened and will not move from the correct position during the sewing process. 4) Then we sew the shoulder strap very carefully around the perimeter, making stitches in such a way that only barely visible points remain on its surface in those places where the needle enters the shoulder strap, and the thread between two adjacent holes passes mainly from the wrong side (along the gasket) of the tunic . Then the thread will not be noticeable even if it does not quite match the color of the shoulder straps in color. In this case, the optimal length of each stitch should be about 1 cm. 5) With the second shoulder strap, follow the same pattern. How to strengthen lapel emblems? On the collar of the tunic - along the bisector (the line dividing the corner of the collar in half), at a distance of 25 mm from the corner of the collar to the center of the emblem, the vertical axis of symmetry of the emblem should be parallel to the collar. How to place awards on the police jacket? On the left side of the chest, the awards are arranged in the following order: Badges of special distinction are placed so that the upper edge of the medal block is at the level of the ledge of the lapel of the tunic and jacket. When wearing two or more insignia of special distinction, they are arranged separately in one row, from right to left with intervals of 10 mm between the lateral ends of the stars in the order listed. Badges of special distinction of the same name are arranged in the order in which they are awarded. Signs of orders, orders and medals are arranged horizontally in a row from the center of the chest to the edge, from top to bottom in the order listed. When wearing two or more orders or medals, their blocks are connected in a row on a common bar. Orders and medals that do not fit in one row are transferred to the second and subsequent rows located below the first, placing them also from the center of the chest to the edge in the above order. Blocks of orders and medals of the second row should go under the orders and medals of the first row, while the upper edge of the blocks of the lower row is placed 35 mm below the block of the first row. Subsequent rows are arranged in the same order. Signs of orders, orders and medals are located on the single-breasted police tunic so that the upper edge of the block of orders and medals of the first row is 90 mm below the level of the lapel ledge. On the right side of the chest, the awards are arranged in the following order: Orders are arranged from left to right in the order listed. The upper edge of the largest order of the first row is located at the level established for the common bar (block) of the first row of orders and medals placed on the left side of the chest. Orders that do not fit in one row are transferred to the second and subsequent rows located below the first, placing them also from the center of the chest to the edge in the indicated order. The centers of the orders in a row must be at the same level. The distance between orders and rows of orders is 10 mm. The sign of the number of wounds made of gold-coloured galloon (in case of a severe wound) or dark red color (in case of a slight wound) is located on a bar made of the fabric of the top of the item. Galun width 6 mm, length 43 mm. The bad wound badge is placed below the light wound badge. The distance between the stripes is 3 mm. The sign of the number of wounds is placed on the tunic and jacket to the right of the sign to the honorary titles of the Russian Federation, and in its absence, in its place.

Suit Gorka ZIMA produced by the PRIVAL trademark is made of dense cotton tent fabric with insulation: lining microfleece and fiberplast (warm siliconized polyester fabric). A raincoat blended with cotton fabric is used as a finish and reinforcement of areas that are critical for wear and getting wet. The jacket and trousers are loose-fitting, allowing you to pull on extra layers of clothing. For a better fit, fit and to avoid "sail" in the wind, the suit has a system of ties based on rubber-fabric tape on the sides of the jacket, on the sleeves, under the knees and at the bottom of the trousers. The jacket has 5 pockets, trousers 6. The flaps of the pockets are triangular in shape, which significantly reduces the bending of the extreme corners of the flap and clinging to ammunition and equipment. Pants are equipped with comfortable suspenders. The combination of overlays with the main khaki fabric ensures that the silhouette of a person is broken at remote distances. The suit is designed to protect against temperature extremes and strong winds in mountainous areas. Can be used by lovers of outdoor activities, fishing, hunting. Composition: jacket / trousers (complete with special suspenders) Color: khaki, khaki inserts Fabric: tent 100% cotton, inserts - mixed fabric with cotton Lining: microfleece Insulation: fiberplast (siliconized fabric)

Gender: male Season: summer Camouflage color: khaki Material: "Tent cloth" (100% cotton), pl. 235 g/m2, VO Lining material: Mixed, pl. 210 g/m2, Normative technical documentation: GOST 25295-2003 Outerwear for men and women of coat assortment: suits, jackets, vests, in Color: khaki Lower temperature: 10 Fastening: buttons Country: Russia Description Jacket: free cut; fastener central supatny, on a loop and a button; yoke, overlays and pockets made of finishing fabric; 2 lower welt pockets with a flap, a loop and a button; inside flap pocket with button; on the sleeves, 1 patch inclined pocket with a flap for a loop and a button in the elbow area reinforcing curly overlays; the bottom of the sleeves with an elastic band; double hood, with a visor, has a drawstring to adjust the volume; waist adjustment with drawstring; Pants: loose fit; codpiece with a fastener on a loop and a button; 2 upper pockets in the side seams, in the knee area, on the back halves of the trousers in the seat area - reinforcing pads; 2 side patch pockets with flap; 2 back patch pockets with buttons; the cut of the details in the knee area prevents them from stretching; Dustproof calico skirt at the bottom of the trousers; the back halves under the knee are gathered with an elastic band; elastic waistband; elasticated bottom;

The women's demi-season raincoat is part of the uniform of the police officers of the new sample. Raincoat of a semi-adjacent silhouette, with a central inner secret fastener for five loops and buttons and additionally for an upper uniform button and a through overcast buttonhole, on a warmed stitched lining. On the coquettes in the area of ​​the shoulder seam, there are two loops and one non-cut loop for attaching removable shoulder straps. Sleeves are set-in, two-sutural. In the lower part of the middle seam of the sleeve there are stitched-in pats, fastened with a loop and a uniform button. Turn-down collar, with detachable stand. The removable belt is threaded into the loops located in the side seams and fastens with a buckle with a tongue, the free end of which is threaded into the loop. On the right collar there is an internal welt pocket with a leaflet. Jacket fabric (100% polyester) with rip-stop weaving threads and water-repellent impregnation. The second layer is the membrane. Filler: Thinsulate 100 g/m. Recommended temperature range: from +10°С to -12°С. Worn with a dark blue scarf or a white scarf. It is allowed to wear a demi-season raincoat neatly folded with the front side out on the left hand. Demi-season raincoats are worn buttoned up. It is allowed to wear demi-season raincoats with the top button undone. Demi-season raincoats are worn with or without removable insulation with a belt fastened with a buckle. Removable shoulder straps in dark blue and stripes in dark blue are worn on this raincoat.

Thanks to innovative technologies and quality materials that provide maximum protection against rain and wind, you will be in constant comfort, helping to reduce fatigue throughout the day. Characteristics Protection from rain and wind Statutory cut Upper material: Rip-stop Insulation: Thinsulate

Suit Gorka produced by the PRIVAL trademark is made of a blended fabric with cotton. The traditional Gorka costume is made of tent cotton fabric, and in areas where increased reinforcement is required, a cotton-blended fabric is placed, which is characterized by increased strength and wear resistance. This model is made entirely of blended fabric with cotton, so it will last a long time even with heavy use. Also, this material is pleasant to wear, will provide freedom and comfort in movement. The jacket and trousers are loose-fitting, allowing you to pull on extra layers of clothing. For a better fit, fit and to avoid "sail" in the wind, the suit has a system of ties based on rubber-fabric tape on the sides of the jacket, on the sleeves, under the knees and at the bottom of the trousers. The jacket has 5 pockets, trousers 6. The flaps of the pockets are triangular in shape, which significantly reduces the bending of the extreme corners of the flap and clinging to ammunition and equipment. Pants are equipped with comfortable suspenders. The combination of overlays with the main black fabric ensures that the silhouette of a person is broken at remote distances.

The costume consists of a jacket and trousers. Jacket with a central side zipper. Front with upper welt pockets with flaps and leaflets, fastened with textile fasteners and side welt pockets in a “frame”, fastened with a “zipper” braid. Lined front and back of the jacket. Turn-down collar with stand. Staff suit made of rip-stop fabric with Velcro. Back with yoke. The sleeves are set-in, one-sutural, with reinforcing pads in the elbow area, with stitched cuffs, fastened with a textile fastener - a slit with a puff. For attaching removable shoulder straps, there are loops in the area of ​​the shoulder seams, two continuous loops are sewn perpendicular to the shoulder seam. At the bottom of the jacket there is a cut-off belt, the volume of which is regulated by the side sections with elastic band. Trousers are straight, with stitched arrows and side pockets on the front halves. Fastening of the front of the trousers with a zipper. On the back halves - tucks. On the right back half there is a welt pocket with a flap and a leaflet, fastened with a textile fastener. The belt is stitched, fastened with a loop and a button. To adjust the volume, the belt is pulled together with elastic band, in the area of ​​the side seams. Sample material drawing: Additionally, you can purchase:

Retro style jacket Button-down Adjustable hood around the face Elasticated waist and bottom of the sleeves Adjustable drawstring bottom of the jacket 4 external pockets Material: 100% cotton I’m suffocating from comfort, suddenly crackling fires will blow from the blue edge of the gas above the burner ... ”(B. Vakhnyuk) Once running home, we buried our faces in a windbreaker hanging on a hanger and inhaled the smell of a fire. In windbreakers we went on any trips and at any time of the year. They were not bitten by mosquitoes, they were not blown through, they did not melt from fire sparks. True, they froze, dried slowly and were heavy. Now, when a lot of light modern jackets have appeared, a real canvas windbreaker can be found quite rarely. But even now it is better not to find anything for the forest and the fire. Synthetics do not like fire. And if you do not want your favorite fleece jacket to be in a small (or large) hole, it's time to think about tarpaulins. The retro style jacket is made of high quality tarpaulin. It is very durable and breathes well. And generally pleasant and loved, like Vizbor's songs on a reel-to-reel tape recorder. The hood, adjustable on an oval of the face, elastic bands on sleeves and an inhaling on a bottom of a jacket protect from mosquitoes and wind. Matches, a compass, a map and other necessary items can easily fit in four large pockets. If you like to meet sunrises on a steep shore, wander through the summer tundra, pick cloudberries and cranberries in the swamps, sing around a campfire in the evenings - this windbreaker is for you.

Jacket "Mountain-3" is recommended for outdoor activities (tourism, hiking), as well as a field uniform for mountain rifle units of the RF Ministry of Defense of sight On buttons Adjustment of volume of a sleeve above a wrist a hidden elastic band on a flypaper Elbows are protected by a removable polyurethane foam insert (included in a set) Pockets: two lower volume pockets on buttons are closed by valves "Napoleon" pocket on a breast inclined pockets on sleeves, are closed by valves on a flypaper internal moisture protection pocket for documents with Velcro Drawstrings: at the waist with a cord at the bottom of the jacket jacket See all items by jacket tag with a rubber cord Material: 100% cotton, new high-quality tarpaulin, superior to analogues used by most other manufacturers New processing technology has significantly improved the resistance of the fabric to fading and abrasion overhead ki -100% polyester polyester View all items by tag polyester rip-stop Attention! Before washing, remove the protective inserts in the knee/elbow pads from their respective pockets. Do not wash protective inserts in the washing machine. When washing tarpaulin products in a washing machine, traces of abrasion may appear. SIZING: Download the size chart (.xlsx) to determine the exact size you need REVIEWS: Review by Survival Panda Discussion about this model on the forum YOU MAY BE INTERESTED IN:

The jacket is short, straight cut. Fabric - gabardine. Designed for employees of internal affairs bodies with special police ranks. According to the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia No. 575, chevrons are sewn onto the sleeves of the suit at a distance of 8 cm from the edge of the shoulder. A chevron is sewn on the left sleeve, indicating belonging to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and on the right sleeve, a chevron, indicating the service of a police officer. You can add chevrons with Velcro. The central fastener on a detachable "lightning". Turn-down collar. Shelves with detachable yokes in the area of ​​the shoulder girdle. On the shelves there are chest welt pockets with figured buttons on the buttons. Two side welt pockets with zipper entry. Back with stitched yoke. Soft folds are laid along the yoke line for freedom of movement. Single-seam set-in sleeves, with stitched cuffs fastened with buttons. On the bottom of the jacket there is a one-piece belt, the volume of which is regulated by the side sections with elastic band. A back and a shelf on a lining from a knitted cloth (grid). The armholes are edged with edging tape Trousers of a straight cut. Stitched belt with six belt loops. The volume of the belt is regulated by the side sections with elastic band. Two pockets in the side seams. One welt pocket with a flap and an internal button closure is located on the right rear half of the trousers. A red piping is inserted along the side seams of the trousers. It is part of the uniform of a police officer of a new sample. Material drawing example:

No Velcro for chevrons. The size is indicated by the collar. Shoulder straps can be used Worn loose Waistband adjustable with side elastic bands 2 chest pockets Material: 65% Polyester 35% Viscose

Jacket with combined (stitched and removable) insulated lining, removable insulated hood, removable faux fur collar. The jacket is shortened, straight cut. The central fastener on a two-lock detachable "lightning", closed with a wind-shelter valve on the buttons. Turn-down collar with a fastener-paty on a textile fastener. In the area of ​​the shoulder seams there are epaulettes epaulettes View all products by tag epaulettes on buttons with removable false straps for attaching insignia. Shelves and back with coquettes. Along the coquette line there is a red piping. Two breast pockets with flaps on buttons and Velcro fasteners. Two side pockets with flaps on buttons and Velcro fasteners. On the burlap of patch pockets welt pockets with an entrance to the "lightning". On the bottom of the jacket jacket View all products by tag jacket cut-off belt, the volume of which is regulated by the side sections with elastic band stitched on a multi-needle special. chain stitch machine. Sleeves are set-in, two-sutural. On the right sleeve welt pocket with a zipper. A bandage with a reflective tape is sewn inside the pocket, fastened with a Velcro textile fastener. At the bottom of the sleeves there are stitched cuffs with elastic band stitched on a multi-needle special. chain stitch machine. Stitched insulated lining with Firetec-200 insulation. On the inside of the left shelf there is a pocket for a pistol (with a carabiner on a cord for attaching a pistol) and a patch pocket with a vertical entrance with a zipper. The removable warmed hood is fastened on a detachable "zipper". The volume is regulated by the back of the head and the front neckline. The chin part is fastened with a Velcro textile fastener. Detachable faux fur collar containing Kanekaron fiber (Made in Japan) is fastened with a detachable zipper. Removable insulated lining (vest) made of Firetec 150 insulation, quilted on both sides with lining fabric, fastened with a detachable zipper. On the removable insulation there is a patch pocket with a horizontal entrance with a zipper. Fibertek insulation has a number of advantages over traditional fillers: - Perfectly retains its shape and restores it after washing. - Can be washed and dried multiple times. - Provides greater heat shielding effect compared to other materials of similar thickness and density. - Moisture resistant. - Resistant to long-term use. - It is environmentally friendly and non-toxic insulation. - Practical in terms of price and quality.

The Presidential Regiment is a special unit of the Federal Presidential Security Service that guards the Kremlin and its inhabitants and takes part in all solemn ceremonies. Servicemen of the regiment stand on guard of honor at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier and Lenin's mausoleum, and tourists often like to be photographed against their background. The Village spoke with an employee of the presidential regiment, who, on condition of anonymity - but with multiple reservations and omissions due to secrecy - told what would happen if someone attacked the Kremlin, why the regiment had a psychologist and what they fed in the most prestigious military unit of the country .

How to get into the Kremlin regiment

I was drafted into the army, and after passing the medical examination, they called from the military registration and enlistment office and said that according to the parameters I fit into the presidential regiment. These parameters are Slavic appearance, name, height and education: either 11 classes or a specialized secondary. I said that I wanted to try: I wanted to join the army while they serve a year in order to get rid of all this as quickly as possible. I had to go through a bunch of examinations and collect a mountain of documents - it took four months for everything. The presidential regiment is part of the FSO, that is, in fact, all the soldiers from it serve in the FSO. On the Internet, I read about a special guard company and wanted to get there: this is the most elite unit of the presidential regiment. I rushed there from the very beginning, from the course of a young soldier, where there is a distribution to battalions and companies.

The Kremlin regiment is the garrison of the Moscow Kremlin, our function is to protect it. Of course, now it is simplified, but it was left as a tribute to tradition. There are five battalions in the presidential regiment. Two security battalions are the usual part, the Kremlin garrison. The third battalion, which includes companies of a special guard, is precisely those who stand at the Eternal Flame and the Mausoleum, participate in parades. There is also an auto company - it is deployed in the Moscow region, and it has its own tanks and other military equipment. If the Kremlin is attacked, they will immediately move forward to defend it. Horse-honored escort participates in parades and the weekly setting of the guard in the Kremlin. Another operational reserve company is the local special forces, which is called in when there is a direct threat to the safety of the inhabitants of the Kremlin.

They did not want to take me into the company of a special guard. The psychologist who selected me there said that I could not cope, but I insisted, showed my zeal, and they took me.

About training in the forest

About five hundred people serve here. Our task is a guard of honor, an internal guard and events. When I read about the Presidential Regiment, I imagined everything differently. And after the military enlistment office we arrived in the forest, in a military camp, where there was a course for a young soldier, and only then we were brought to the Arsenal of the Moscow Kremlin. There are barracks and offices of the commandant's office. How the Kremlin works inside, we almost do not know, because we serve in a strictly limited area.

The first six months is training, the second - direct service. There were merciless daily trainings in the military camp. At 06:30, we got up, exercised, had breakfast, put things in order in the morning, and already at nine in the morning drill training began, which lasted up to two hours. 10 minutes for washing, then lunch and physical training until six in the evening. At half past seven - hemming collars, then free time, dinner, evening walk and lights out. And so it was for six months. Saturday and Sunday - days off: rise at eight, breakfast, then the same physical training until half past one. It was summer, and in the afternoon we played football, volleyball, basketball, or hung out on the horizontal bar - the usual free time.

We went to shooting by platoon every week for six months. In addition, officers and contractors taught us the knowledge and skill of regular weapons, as well as the performance of demonstrative tricks with a carbine, when it is thrown, twisted.

It was impossible to leave the territory of the camp, only visits to the checkpoint were allowed. My parents came to me for the oath, and they came six months later for an open day.

My parents raised me well. sneeze - I beg your pardon, next to sneeze - I wish you health

About service in the Kremlin

In the Kremlin, the day is a little different, shifted by half an hour: rise - at six, lights out - at ten. But, in principle, everything is the same. The old conscription retired, and we took away the entire service: the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, the inner guard, ceremonial events. Charging until seven in the morning, then restoring internal order, breakfast at 08:30. Then classes: drill, physical training, then lunch, and after it again some classes. This is a weekend plan without outfits if you are not involved anywhere. Usually half a company enters the service. If you're dressed up, exercise - twenty minutes in an accelerated mode, ten minutes for breakfast, and wash your face quickly, while the company is still charging. At eight in the morning the whole service is already changing. It was all very difficult, because there were few people. Sometimes I had to intervene more often than the established one, but it's not scary. The maximum is two days in the service and one day off.

Daily outfit for the company - when you stand at the bedside table at the entrance to the barracks and keep order. The shift lasts two hours - and for these two hours the soldier is on duty, and then he goes to rest, while his colleagues in line take over the post. Then your turn comes again - and so six times a day. If the battalion commander comes in, you give the command “at attention”, you have fun reading the charter, you talk with those passing by, you move, you give commands according to the daily routine for the rest of the company. In the guard, for example, at the Eternal Flame, the Mausoleum, at the celebrations, the soldier does not have the right to move: he stands at attention.

Guys from all over Russia serve here, starting from St. Petersburg and ending with Krasnodar villages, Kemerovo, Tatarstan. My parents seem to have raised me well: I sneeze - I apologize, they sneeze next to me - I wish you good health. And the culture in the regiment is different for everyone, and at first it is unusual and very annoying. Conflict situations arose, but mostly they were resolved in words. And I didn’t really want to fly out of the regiment: it’s better than serving somewhere in South Ossetia near Tskhinvali.

There is no hazing, more "Ustavshchina". How is it going? There are two calls: autumn and spring. The spring draft is the second battalion, four companies, and the autumn one is the first battalion, four companies. We crossed paths: the building of the Arsenal of the Moscow Kremlin is not so big. But the barracks are not common, as in the armed forces. One company - one call.

If you don’t join the service, you have a free day off: you wake up, go to exercise, tidy up and sit and talk in the barracks. Also on Thursday, Sunday and on holidays we had a viewing of Russian military films in the club, which was located in our own building. Also relaxed.

Every evening, according to the schedule, they watched the news on TV to keep abreast of events. Every day, the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper came, which is completely devoted to the Armed Forces. At the weekend, information was held, at which a topic was selected from this newspaper and read by any willing soldier. Then there was a general discussion of what is happening in the world. They argued and shouted at each other. Naturally, so, with laughter. They expressed their personal opinion and sat on. But the majority still had an official point of view.

And so every day the same thing: unhealthy garbage. Therefore, there are battalion psychologists - this is just the woman who did not want to take me. If you are nervous and it gnaws at you that six months have passed, and you won’t see your parents for another six months, then you can calmly come to a psychologist for relaxation, and she will calm you down. I didn’t go myself, but she seemed to help others. As far as I understand, there you lie on a soft sofa to relaxing music and talk to her.

About Tambov Wolf cigarettes

We were given layoffs from ten in the morning until six in the evening. If you serve without remarks, you don’t mess up, then you can go on dismissal once a week for the weekend. This is discussed with the platoon commander: who he releases and who does not. Dismissal is to go out to eat at McDonald's, look for dumplings, go smoke a hookah - to relax, in general, from all the fuss. Alcohol was strictly forbidden: they checked it upon return. The salary in the presidential regiment is paid: 1,300 rubles a month. This is less than in ordinary units, they say, because of the expensive uniforms.

We also bought cigarettes. Army cigarettes are a different story. They are issued, but the quality is so-so. At first they gave us a Troika - it was still all right: compared to the Tambov Wolf, Troika is Camel. "Tambov wolf" is generally a terrible straw. When there was nothing to smoke, he had to. And so they usually bought cigarettes on leave in the city or met girls somewhere, took their numbers, and they brought us cigarettes. And eat, of course.

The food in the Kremlin is, on average, slightly better than in the Armed Forces. Sometimes delicious, sometimes so disgusting that we didn’t even want to eat it and we lived on a roll with butter. I just didn’t want to eat, I got bored: some kind of barley, soup in which fat floats. So my brother served in the Morflot, he said that everything was great with them.

Dismissal is Go out to eat at McDonald's, look for dumplings, go smoke hookah- relax, in general, from all the fuss

About Post #1

In the company of a special guard, people are selected who are a little similar to each other, and then they are divided into pairs according to their external similarity and growth. All year you will walk with your partner, train with him, you will enter the service with him.

One day we decided to find out about honor guards in other countries, we introduced the “changing of the guard of honor in the UK” on the Internet. We saw two terminators who do not understand what they are doing. How their guard of honor differs from ours, we did not really understand.

The first six months are taught to stand on guard as part of drill training. In the guard of honor at the Eternal Flame, they stand for an hour, and only four shifts a day, from eight in the morning to eight in the evening. You stand three times a day. It's hard, but you get used to everything. Sometimes in the heat, the guys lose consciousness. If it becomes bad, of course, they will change you, but this is very undesirable. They cost only an hour, so the toilet is not a problem. Everyone takes post number 1 very seriously, so if they feel an upset stomach, they themselves refuse to step in, although this threatens to catch up.

Behind the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier there is a reserve room in which there are several more soldiers. They have a whistle in their hand, and if passers-by violate something, they whistle and indicate that they must leave. Basically, everyone is trying to go behind the fence and take pictures - both foreigners and Russians. Sometimes they sit on the fence of the grave, which is forbidden. The soldiers behind the grave have the right to move and stop violators. This is our company, I was also standing there.

About Victory Day and the President

The entire company took part in the Victory Parade. We entered at eight and left at one in the afternoon. They stood all this time. If you stand for more than an hour, your legs begin to go numb, your knees hurt. Then it becomes all the same. When you start moving, your knees bend limply, you start to fall. But everyone seems to have coped, no one fell.

We stood in the form of military chains for the protection of the president around the Mausoleum and carried out the access control. No one was allowed to pass, and it didn’t matter whether the general of the army or the right hand of the president: “Sorry, you can’t come here.” There was a couple of crazy colonel generals, two women, they were furiously trying to break through, but we wouldn't let them in. We stood at attention and did not move the entire parade. If they approached, they simply extended their hand to the right, without touching it, and said: “Sorry, there is no entrance here.” The main thing is not to repulse.

When you get to the Kremlin, a strange feeling arises: everything is classified, you can’t divulge a lot of things, because you basically serve in the FSO, but then you just get used to it, and it doesn’t matter. If the officers really listen in on our telephone conversations, then I only sympathize with them.

After completing the service, I am very pleased, I received an unpurchased military man, a certificate for entering a university and a positive reference. Then he got a job in the state structure without any problems. I went here because it’s calmer: you won’t be thrown, the salary is decent and stable. Recently, letters came in, they offered to go to the police. After the Presidential Regiment, they themselves are looking for you.

Material preparation: Ivan Timonov

Illustrations: Nastya Grigorieva

Presidential Regiment of the Service of the Commandant of the Moscow Kremlin FSO- The date of birth of the regiment is April 8, 1936, when by order No. 122 for the garrison of the Moscow Kremlin, the special-purpose battalion was reorganized into a special-purpose regiment. The history of the part is inextricably linked with the history of the country. After moving… Encyclopedia of newsmakers

Red Banner Order of the October Revolution Presidential Regiment

Regiment- This term has other meanings, see Regiment (meanings). "Regiment" (p) has the following meanings: Military unit, the main tactical and administrative and economic (organizational) unit in various types of armed forces and branches ... ... Wikipedia

Polk, James Knox

Polk, James- James Knox Polk James Knox Polk ... Wikipedia

Polk D.- James Knox Polk James Knox Polk ... Wikipedia

Polk D.N.- James Knox Polk James Knox Polk ... Wikipedia

Polk James Knox- James Knox Polk James Knox Polk ... Wikipedia

Presidential issue- All stamps from the Presidential Issue series (USA, 1938) Presidential Issue (eng. Presidential Issue; ... Wikipedia

Kremlin regiment- Company of the guard of honor of the Presidential Regiment Bas-relief "Change", opened in the Alexander Garden on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the Kremlin Regiment Presidential (Kremlin) Regiment (Officially Red Banner Order of the October Revolution Presidential Regiment) military ... ... Wikipedia

Books

• Presidential Regiment. Diary of a Soldier Stanislav Dmitrievich Davydov. The Presidential Regiment is considered one of the most prestigious, not everyone is taken there. But most people know about the regiment only that it guards the Eternal Flame, and the cavalry accompanies the president ... Buy for 378 rubles
• The Presidential Regiment A Soldier's Diary, Davydov S. The Presidential Regiment is considered one of the most prestigious, not everyone is taken there. But most people know about the regiment only that it guards the Eternal Flame, and the cavalry accompanies the president ...

Service in the Presidential Regiment at all times was considered honorable, and at the same time not the easiest. Despite the fact that, for its intended purpose, this military unit is not supposed to be used directly in combat conditions (with the exception of absolutely unimaginable situations), the employees of the unit undergo not only enhanced drill, but also serious combat training, as expected.

The purpose of the division

The Red Banner Order of the October Revolution The Presidential Regiment of the Service of the Commandant of the Moscow Kremlin of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation (this is the official name) primarily exists to solve the prescribed tasks of guarding and protecting the location of the country's president in the Moscow Kremlin, performing garrison and guard duty.

It goes without saying that not only the building of the Senate Palace itself, where the office of the head of state and representative premises are located, is subject to protection. The presidential regiment guards the entire Kremlin territory, being its permanent garrison. Unlike the philistine idea, the presidential unit also includes operational units (the so-called “Kremlin special forces”), the main purpose of which is to directly suppress and repel unauthorized entry into restricted areas and repel an armed attack on the Kremlin (although in reality the storming of the main power residence armed formations is hard to imagine). Guard service is carried out in the Kremlin in a constant mode around the clock. These combat missions are carried out by special. Operreserve battalion.

It is most prestigious to serve in the ceremonial units of a military unit - the companies of the Special Guard and the Cavalry Escort of Honor. Naturally, not everyone gets into these formations - recruits must meet exceptional requirements. However, increased "conditions" are presented for all, without exception, military personnel of the elite regiment. However, this was not always the case.

legendary past

The prototype of the most elite military unit was originally formed in 1918, when the domestic leadership moved from St. Petersburg to Moscow. In Petrograd, the administration and leadership of the young socialist state (including Lenin himself) were housed in the building of the former Smolny Institute. The guard service of the then residence of the head of the RSFSR was small, and the building itself, together with the courtyard, was actually a freely accessible place.

With the move of the leadership of the RSFSR to Moscow, everything changed. The Kremlin itself was a seriously fortified object, in fact, completely isolated from the rest of the city. Meanwhile, its area is almost 30 hectares, and at the time of the government's move to the territory of the Kremlin, it was possible to get at least 4 passages (passages). All this required special attention, supervision and protection.

Soon, a resolution was adopted to prohibit free access of citizens to the Kremlin wall and to organize the security of the entire complex. The obligation to serve here was entrusted to the consolidated company of Latvian riflemen, which at one time guarded Lenin (and some other members of the government) in Petrograd as well.

Exactly one month after the relocation of the government to the new capital, all Latvian riflemen were formed into a single Latvian Soviet rifle division (commander Joachim Vatsetis, and then the former tsarist lieutenant colonel and St. George Knight Pyotr Aven). It was precisely the 9th Latvian Rifle Regiment that became the basis of the first Kremlin commandant service. However, already at the very end of 1918, the Latvians (almost without exception) were sent to the German front.

The protection of the Kremlin complex was entrusted to the nearest military unit - the 1st Moscow machine gun courses (before that they had a chance to serve in the nearby Krutitsky barracks). The courses were renamed several times, but until 1935 they continued to carry out guard duty in the Kremlin at the same time as training.

At the end of 1935, the military school was relocated from the Krutitsky barracks and the Kremlin to another district of the capital (Lefortovo), and a special special-purpose battalion (the so-called “bosNaz”) was formed to perform the Kremlin service. And it was no longer a purely military unit. It had nothing to do with the people's commissar of defense, but was subordinate to the department of internal affairs (headed by Genrikh Yagoda). Already in 1936, the battalion was enlarged into the Special Forces Regiment of the Kremlin Commandant's Office.

The servicemen of the special forces units not only carried out the Kremlin service - they were directly involved in the so-called Winter (Finnish) campaign, some servicemen (both soldiers and officers) were sent to the fronts of the battles with the Nazis as specialist snipers. On the territory of the capital during the war years, the regimental services also solved the tasks of air defense of the Kremlin buildings.

Starting from 1943 and until 1993, the Kremlin part was directly subordinate to the state security agencies (in different years they had different names). And only in 1991 (after the well-known events and the attempted coup by the State Emergency Committee) were the news officially announced about the renaming of the military unit into the Kremlin Regiment of the Security Directorate under the Office of the President of the USSR.

After the formal registration of the "end" of the Soviet state in 1992, the military unit received a new name: the Kremlin Regiment of the Commandant's Office of the Moscow Kremlin of the Main Security Directorate of the Russian Federation (the predecessor of the FSO). A few months later, on March 20, 1993, the unit officially became Presidential.

The composition, deployment and tasks of the "Kremlin"

As of the end of 2017, the regiment was formed from four battalions and the Cavalry Escort of Honor, which, in fact, is also a battalion formation. It has a presidential regiment of companies for various purposes and tasks of service in the amount of 14 units (as part of the mentioned battalions).

For the most part, the military unit, its leadership and headquarters unit are deployed on the territory of the Kremlin complex itself in the Arsenal building. The unit is commanded by Major General Oleg Galkin, who has been serving here since 1979 (he started as a platoon). Despite the formal subordination of the regiment to the FSO of Russia, General Galkin does not report to the leadership of this structure - only directly to the President of the country.

The first two battalions of the elite regiment carry out the main tasks of carrying out everyday garrison and guard services. One of them is located on the territory of the Zavidovo complex (government reserve and hunting ground) in the Tver region and serves to protect this object. Another battalion (motorized rifle) is located in the village of Kalchuga, Odintsovo district, Moscow region (not far from Barvikha). The servicemen of this unit are called upon to carry out purely combat missions to strengthen the Kremlin garrison in a situation with the threat of an assault, a massive attack, and similar situations.

The third battalion is located in the barracks of the Arsenal and is engaged in carrying out special guard duty (guards of honor, the First Post at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in the Alexander Garden, etc.). To serve in these units is probably the dream of any recruit.

The 3rd Battalion of the Presidential Regiment also has a special automobile company. It has nothing to do with the Special Purpose Garage (government limousines) and performs auxiliary functions - the transportation of personnel, military equipment, weapons and military equipment.

Honorary Horse Escort is stationed in the village. Kalininets near Alabino next to the Taman division. Its function is participation in protocol and demonstration events.

There is also an operational reserve battalion, which is actually a special forces formation for immediate combat response when necessary.

Service and life in the Kremlin garrison

Immediately after the conscripts take the military oath, they, like in any Russian military units, take the course of a young soldier, learning all the intricacies of military service.

The daily routine of the Kremlin soldiers is also not much different from any other combat units. Most of the time is occupied by combat, drill, physical and theoretical training and classes, carrying out garrison and guard services.

Soldiers and sergeants of different conscription live in different rooms (barracks). According to some reports, only in the author and the communications unit both calls live together, which. most likely due to their scarcity.

Three times a week, soldiers and sergeants of the Presidential Regiment visit the club that is available here, where a variety of events are organized: watching movies, meetings with veterans, scientists and artists, etc. Naturally, like any other military personnel in Russia, "conscripts" have the right for dismissal to the city according to the established schedule (provided that they do not have violations of charters and discipline).

Food for soldiers and sergeants in the Presidential Regiment is carried out according to standard standards. True, there is one feature. Since recent times, military personnel have been taking food exclusively from individual porcelain dishes using cutlery (spoons, knives and forks). The command is trying to instill elementary etiquette skills.

The clothing allowance of the Kremlin military personnel differs from other soldiers, sergeants and officers only in the presence of a special full dress and ceremonial uniform (for those carrying special guard duty). The everyday uniform is no different from the generally established one.

Conscription to the Presidential Regiment

Many pre-conscripts and conscripts are thinking about how to get into the service of the Presidential Regiment. This, of course, is not so simple. For future "Kremlin" there are certain additional standards.

The officers of the unit travel to the regions ahead of time, look closely and select candidates for service in the Kremlin. According to the unspoken regulations, it is almost impossible for residents of the capital region to “get settled” in the Presidential Regiment. In the companies of special guards, conscripts of exclusively Slavic appearance are recruited.

Strict requirements are also imposed on the physical condition of candidates:

• height not less than 175 and not more than 190 cm;
• weight proportional to height;
• the absence of "special signs" in open areas of the body (large moles, tattoos, scars, etc.);
• complete physical health (visual deviations up to 0.7 units are allowed).

Since service in the Presidential Regiment is actually a service in state security agencies, all candidates undergo a preliminary special check, which can take quite a long time.

At the end of military service, the best servicemen are offered to conclude a contract for further service. And this promises considerable prospects - not only a good financial allowance and living in the capital, but also the possibility of obtaining a higher military education, followed by military service in officer positions and in officer rank.