151st Rifle Regiment of the NKVD Troops of the USSR for the Protection of Particularly Important Industrial Enterprises

It was formed in December 1927-January 1928 in Leningrad as the 22nd regiment of the OGPU troops of the Leningrad Military District (order No. 169 of the OGPU of the Leningrad Military District dated December 17, 1927).
On August 23, 1934, it was renamed the 151st internal guard regiment of the NKVD of the USSR (order of the Air Defense Directorate of the NKVD of the Leningrad District No. 54 / ss of August 23, 1934, order of the NKVD of the USSR No. 0015 of July 28, 1934).
In April 1939, he was included in the newly formed 21st separate rifle brigade of the NKVD troops of the USSR for the protection of especially important industrial enterprises (Order of the NKVD of the USSR No. USSR No. 154-16 ss of February 2, 1939 "On the reorganization of the management of the border and internal troops").
On November 28, 1940, the 21st separate brigade was renamed into the 56th separate rifle brigade of the NKVD troops of the USSR for the protection of especially important enterprises "(order of the NKVD of the USSR No. 001497 of November 28, 1940 "On changing the numbering of parts of the NKVD troops"). Source - GARF: f. 9401, op. 1, d. 564, ll. 389 and 390.
Location and address of the unit's administration as of June 1, 1941: city of Leningrad, Gertsen street, 67, post box 259; the strength of the regiment is 917 servicemen. Source - RGVA: f. 38621, op. 1, d. 255.
In the period June 23-27, 1941, it was reorganized according to the wartime staff No. 071, included in the newly formed 20th rifle division of the NKVD troops of the USSR for the protection of railway facilities and especially important industrial enterprises. In turn, the regiment deployed the 95th separate battalion and the 167th regiment of the NKVD troops of the USSR for the protection of railway facilities and especially important industrial enterprises (mobile plan of the NKVD of the USSR "MP-41").
On June 26, 1941, as part of the division, he entered operational subordination to the head of the rear guard of the Northern Front (instruction of the NKVD of the USSR No. 31 of June 26, 1941 "On the organization of the rear guard of the Active Red Army") Source - RGVA: f. 38652, d. 2, ll. 3 and 4.
On June 27, 1941, as part of the division, it was subordinate to the Northern Front military rear guard department (order of the Military Council of the Northern Front No. 002 of June 27, 1941). Source - RGVA: f. 32880, op. 1, d. 232, l. 110.
In August 1941 he was relocated to the area of ​​the city of Chudovo.
On August 24, 1941, as part of the division, it was included in the Leningrad Front (order on the troops of the Leningrad Front No. 002 of August 24, 1941 "On the division of the Northern Front into the Karelian and Leningrad fronts"). Source - TsAMO; f. 217 op. 1221, d. 5 "Directives of the headquarters of the Leningrad Front on organizational issues", 1941, l. 2.
On September 1, 1941, he was included in the 48th Army of the 1st f (order on the troops of the Leningrad Front No. 06 of September 1, 1941). Source - TsAMO: op. 1221, d. 206 "Journal of combat operations of the LF from August 27 to December 1, 1941", l. ten.
August 18, 1941 relocated to the area of ​​Chudov.
On August 24, 1941, the remnants of the regiment's units were consolidated into a rifle company, included in the 311th rifle division of the Red Army.
On September 8, 1941, in Leningrad, the 151st separate battalion of the internal troops of the NKVD of the USSR was formed from the remaining units of the regiment.
On September 8, 1941, in the area of ​​​​the city of Chudov, it was disbanded.
Combat, operational and service activities of the regiment:
Performed the following tasks:
a) protection of especially important industrial enterprises and other especially important objects: Plant No. 4; factory Goznak; HPP No. 5; Mint; pantries of the State Bank; Central Telegraph; radio station. Podbelsky, Leningrad city water pipeline; Volkhov water pumping station; Zarechnaya water pumping station; South water pumping station.
In 1940, a separate consolidated ski sniper company formed from the personnel of the regiment took part in the Soviet-Finnish war (11/30/1939-03/13/1940).
On August 19-24, 1941, he took part in defensive battles near the town of Chudovo.

Chapter 2

The feat of arms of fellow countrymen

Preface to the chapter "The feat of arms of countrymen"

The further the war years go down in history, the brighter the greatness of the heroic deed of those harsh years is seen. For a long 4 years battles blazed, 1418 days and nights our people walked towards the bright day of Victory in the Great Patriotic War. This difficult path is abundantly watered with the sweat and blood of millions of people.

With deep pain and a high sense of responsibility for the defense of their homeland, the people of Kustanay perceived the terrible news about the beginning of the war. From the first days of the war, the military registration and enlistment offices of the region received whole bundles of applications with requests to send volunteers to the front, where it is most difficult, where they are most needed by the Motherland. A statement from the former instructor of the regional committee of the CP (b) K Alimbaev said: “I, Alimbaev Umurzak, born in 1915 in December 1939, was drafted into the ranks of the Red Army, but for health reasons I was recognized as fit for non-combatant service. At the moment, when a serious danger looms over our beloved Motherland, I do not take into account my illness, I wish to devote my whole life to the defense of the Motherland, and therefore I ask you to send me to the ranks of the Red Army soldiers. “Please send me to the front. I want to give my strength and knowledge to the cause of helping the wounded,” wrote doctor Elena Khuratova. The twelfth soldier from the family volunteered for war at the end of 1941, the secretary of the city party committee, Kustanaya Tyushev, who became a captain at the front. In total, 73.5 thousand Kustanays went to the front from the region, including over 5 thousand communists and 18 thousand Komsomol members. With weapons in hand, the Victory was defended by virtually every fifth inhabitant of the region.

Kustanai fought heroically on all fronts, participated in the battles for the liberation of cities and towns in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and the Baltic countries. Together with other Soviet soldiers, they liberated Poland, Hungary, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Romania, Albania from fascism, fought against imperialist Japan. Examples of the highest courage and perseverance were shown by our fellow front-line soldiers. Only when crossing the Dnieper, five Kustanays became Heroes of the Soviet Union.

The Kustanai fought courageously as part of the 310th Infantry Division in the Leningrad direction. The enemy threw superior forces against our troops, supported by tanks, artillery and mortars, but the soldiers of the division fought to the death. For the battles to break through the German defenses near Novgorod, the division was awarded the name "Novgorod". Five times Moscow saluted in honor of the victories of the valiant units of the 310th Infantry Division for the liberation and capture of the cities of Novgorod, Schlochau, Bublitz, Kezlin, Gdynia, Swinemünde.

The battle path of the 150th Order of Kutuzov II degree of the Idritsko-Berlin Rifle Division was long and harsh.

Sixty-five years have passed since then, but even today the memory of the Great Patriotic War echoes in our hearts with an irreparable loss and pain. Over 24 thousand Kustanays died in battles, 3.5 thousand died of wounds in hospitals, almost 16 thousand countrymen went missing. We have no right to forget the horrors of this war so that it does not happen again. We have no right to forget those soldiers who died so that we can live now.

In this chapter, in separate topics, the reader will be able to turn over the living pages of the war time, which are reflected in unique archival documents.

151st Separate Rifle Brigade (from Kustanai to Berlin)

From the first days of the war, Kustanai lived according to the laws of war. Echelons with mobilized Kustanays were sent to the front, the first funerals from the front were already underway. Everything for the front, everything for victory - became the meaning of everyone's work and life. According to the requirements of wartime, the work of the enterprises of the region was reorganized.

At the beginning of the war, alarming news came from the front: our troops were retreating, leaving one city after another ... But in November 1941, the Red Army stopped the Germans near Moscow. It was the first victory, and what a victory! The Nazis to the whole world trumpeted their plans to meet on November 7 on Red Square, but their armies suffered a crushing defeat. Then the name of Panfilov's heroes thundered all over the country, and every inhabitant of the republic these days felt special pride for the people of Kazakhstan, who were entrusted with the defense of Moscow and who, at the cost of their lives, fulfilled the task of the Motherland.

On December 12, 1941, by order of the Supreme High Command, the 151st separate rifle brigade began to form in Kustanai. Major Yakovlev Leonid Vasilyevich, who had come to us from the North-Western Front, was appointed commander of the brigade. Most of the fighters and junior brigade commanders were residents of the Kustanai, as well as the Kurgan and Chelyabinsk regions.

To form a whole unit is an extremely difficult task for that time. Nevertheless, given the exceptional importance of the task, the party, Soviet, Komsomol and trade union bodies did everything to quickly form the brigade. The necessary premises were allocated for the barracks, property and equipment were provided. In a telegram from the Kustanai regional party committee to the Central Committee of the Communist Party (b) of Kazakhstan, it was reported that the following premises were allocated for the brigade: "... the former regional communist party, the club of pioneers, regional procurement of grain, regional procurement of cattle, regional savings bank, mechanization school, regional military commissariat, medical assistant school club, procurement of raw materials ...". Institutions, enterprises, farms sent the best people of military age to the brigade. From purely civilian workers in the shortest possible time it was necessary to prepare soldiers for the front.

Officers arrived from military schools and hospitals. There were especially many Kustanays in the fourth separate rifle battalion under the command of our countryman, Lieutenant Pyotr Antonovich Kutysh.

The formation of the brigade was under unremitting control from the command of the Ural Military District and directly from the headquarters of the Supreme High Command, as well as the Kustanai regional party committee. Many times, the bureau of the regional party committee heard the progress of the formation of the unit.

Here is one of the resolutions of the bureau of the Kustanai regional committee of the CP (b) K and the executive committee of the regional council “On the provision of property, materials and food for the 151st rifle brigade” dated January 6, 1942:

In order to quickly deploy and create the necessary conditions for the deployment of combat training of the 151st rifle brigade, the bureau of the regional committee of the Communist Party (b)K and the executive committee of the regional council decide:

1. To oblige the regional commissariat - comrade. Chigishev to transfer for temporary use for the 151st rifle brigade a passenger car M - 1.

2. To oblige the regional health department - comrade. Pichugin to transfer for temporary use 150 sets of bedding and single beds from the funds of recalled evacuation hospitals.

3. To oblige the regional consumer union - comrade. Shilo allocate 190 sets of linen from the consumer goods fund.

4. To oblige the radio center to install 25 radio points in the barracks of the rifle brigade by 01/10/1942.

5. Oblige the editor of the newspaper "Stalin's Way" - comrade. Itsikson to select 20 kilograms of writing paper from scraps.

6. To oblige the regional trade department - comrade. Boyko allocate 113 tons of potatoes and 63.3 tons of vegetables by 01/10/1942 at the expense of outfits for supplying the rifle brigade.

7. To oblige the city executive committee - comrade. Mayakin, by 01/08/1942, to allocate a room for 150 people for the hostel of the command staff.

Find in the institutions of the city and transfer for temporary use 6 safes.

8. To oblige the regional industrial union - comrade. Timachev by January 15, 1942, to produce training wooden weapons for the rifle brigade in artels: 76 mm cannons. - 4, heavy machine guns - 30, light machine guns - 30, rifles, grenades - 500, shells - 8, mines - 16, compass - 6.

9. Instruct the head. sector OK KP (b) K comrade Korobelnikov to mobilize two typewriters and transfer for temporary use to 151 rifle brigades.

Secretary of the Regional Committee of the CP(b)K V. Melnikov

Chairman of the Regional Executive Committee D. Kerimbaev

All questions that arose from the command of the brigade were resolved immediately. The tasks were clear.

On March 5, 1942, combat training of personnel began, it continued until April 25.

On April 26, 1942, before being sent to the front, units of the brigade were lined up on the square where the city school of children's creativity is now located. The whole city and representatives of the districts gathered to see off the best sons and daughters of the region to the front. The secretary of the Kustanai regional party committee, Nikolai Ivanovich Zhurin, handed over to the brigade the sponsorship of the Red Banner from the Kustanai workers with an order to bring it to Nazi Germany. Brigade commander Leonid Vasilyevich Yakovlev, accepting the Banner, on behalf of the brigade, swore before the Kustanai people to carry it clean until victory over the sworn enemy.

We drove through the recently liberated cities and villages of the Moscow region and the Kalinin region, we saw with our own eyes what the enemy had done to our native land - destroyed cities and villages, smoke from conflagrations, surviving children and the elderly.

A few days of travel, and the brigade becomes one of the units of the North-Western Front. On May 7, the first echelon was unloaded in the front line at the Valdai station, and on May 9, the last, sixth. And further to the front line, to the Parfino region, they got by night crossings, having traveled about 100 kilometers along spring impassability.

The brigade was in the reserve for some time, and then became part of the 11th Army of General V.I. Morozov. This time was used for combat and political training, live firing was carried out. Everyone understood that the enemy was very close, nearby. And it was also necessary to get used to the peculiarities of the area - forests, lakes, swamps. Many of our steppes have seen this for the first time in their lives.

THE BEGINNING OF THE BATTLE PATH

The brigade received its baptism of fire on June 8, 1942. The first time is always uncertainty, it is always fear. Especially when it's your first fight. Real: either you - or you, or life - or death. The first battle is, first of all, the victory of each over himself, the victory over his fear of the enemy, of possible death.

In the first half of June 1942, the third separate rifle battalion under the command of Captain Martynyuk and the military commissar of senior political officer Levzner entered the battle. The rifle brigade in these battles fulfilled the task assigned to it - almost isolated from the main forces of the 11th Army, it attracted as many troops of the German group as possible and disrupted communications in the Ramushevsky "corridor".

The approaches to our line of defense were very difficult, the front line passed through lowlands and swamps, while the enemy was on elevated, dry places. Such unequal conditions deprived our command of the possibility of using tanks and other mechanized means in battle. But, nevertheless, the units of the brigade not only firmly held their positions, but also went on the counteroffensive, causing great damage to the enemy in manpower and equipment. With the exception of Leningrad, the section of the North-Western Front, occupied by units that included the 151st separate rifle brigade, was essentially the westernmost.

Under these conditions, the active combat operations of the brigade were of particular importance, since they fettered large enemy forces, preventing him from throwing them to the southern fronts. And the warriors acted fearlessly. So, on the night of July 1942, near the village of Novo-Ramushevo, one of the battalions, having traveled five kilometers through the impenetrable swamp Suchan, went behind enemy lines and attacked his positions at dawn, turning the Nazi soldiers to flight.

The fighting of our units forced the Nazi command to urgently transfer large reinforcements to this sector of the front. After the enemy brought tanks into battle, one of the battalions dug in in the forest and took up all-round defense, continuing stubborn battles. The remaining battalions at that time were fighting on the main sector of the front. The unequal duel went on for two weeks. Having learned that ammunition and food were delivered to the battalion along the only path - an impenetrable swamp - the Nazis took it under cross-mortar fire, and established aircraft patrols throughout daylight hours. But that didn't help either. Nothing could break the fighting spirit of the Kustanai warriors. The battalion lived and struck at the enemy. More than once the Germans went on a psychic attack, but each time, having suffered heavy losses, they were forced to retreat. And only two weeks later, having received an order from the command, the battalion returned to the main sector of the front occupied by the brigade. The battles near Novo-Ramushev were essentially a brigade's examination of maturity. And she successfully passed this exam.

Within a month, the Ramushevsky "corridor" was practically closed to the Germans.

During offensive and defensive battles in June-July 1942, the brigade suppressed and destroyed 15 mortar and artillery batteries, 15 firing points, 8 vehicles, one headquarters and a fuel depot, killed and wounded more than 1200 enemy soldiers and officers.

The soldiers of the brigade showed examples of stamina and heroism. Machine gunner Dunsky, our countryman from the Ubagansky district, in one of the battles destroyed 32 fascist soldiers and officers. The scout Berdinsky acted boldly and boldly. Political instructor Bondarenko inspired the fighters by personal example. In the midst of the battle, an enemy grenade flew into the dugout. The political instructor grabbed it and threw it towards the enemy, it immediately exploded. For this fight, Bondarenko was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. In these battles, the medical instructor Valya Velednitskaya also distinguished herself. In just one day, she carried 37 seriously wounded fighters with their weapons from the battlefield. The Red Army soldier Pestryakov, a former employee of the Kustanai regional executive committee, fought bravely and courageously. The ability to lead a battalion in difficult conditions behind enemy lines was shown by the commander of the 3rd battalion N.D. Kozlov.

Many fighters were inspired by the feat of private Anton Dyubkachev. At its position, a platoon of Nazis was moving along the clearing. The fighter, firing from a rifle, destroyed seventeen Nazis, the last German was destroyed a few meters from the position with a grenade in his hand, brought in for a throw. Dyubkachev was the first fighter of the brigade to be awarded the Order of the Red Banner. His feat showed the fortitude of our soldier and the power of a simple three-line rifle.

After these battles, the 151st Rifle Division went on the defensive north of Staraya Russa for a long time.

The year 1943 brought a radical turning point in the war, great confidence that the enemy would soon be defeated. The Battle of Kursk was going on, where the Nazi army was defeated and pulled its troops wherever they could.

In February 1943, the brigade was replenished and, after a 110-kilometer march, concentrated in the Otvidnoye region, south of Lake Ilmen, to strike in the direction of Staraya Russa from the north. In this area, the brigade fought heavy battles with superior enemy forces. The main blow of the Nazis was inflicted south of Staraya Russa, and again the 151st "pulled" as many enemy troops as possible, acting in isolation from the main army troops.

Having captured the Yashin farm, the brigade entered the territory occupied by the enemy, and by the evening was counterattacked by large forces. This area north of Staraya Russa was used by the Germans for recreation and training of their forces. By the time of the events described, in the area of ​​​​Dinner, Penkovo ​​and other settlements north of Staraya Russa, there was one of the infantry enemy divisions, it was she who was introduced against the 151st brigade.

Combat began, which lasted until the second half of March. After a strong thaw and the flood of Lake Ilmen, the brigade was attacked from the rear. I had to chest-deep in icy water and retreated on rafts to dry places, the water separated the soldiers of the brigade and the Germans in this battle.

The front command decided to remove all units from this sector, leaving only the 151st separate rifle brigade. Until March 18, 1943, the brigade defended this area (Iron Lighthouse, Vzvady, Chertitskoye, Otvidnoye). The entire defense was built on the islands and only in one place, on the Vzvady-Staraya Russa road, did the division's outposts have direct contact with the enemy on land.

The Germans tried to destroy it, but could not do it, suffered heavy losses. Between platoons of the same company, communication was maintained using rafts and boats. The brigade was on this sector of the front all summer.

Under the onslaught of the troops of the North-Western Front, the Germans failed to gain a foothold on an advantageous line near the Lovat River. They were driven back to the western bank of the Redya River. On August 18, 1943, the brigade, reinforced with tanks, launched an attack on the heavily fortified enemy positions north of Staraya Russa.

IDRITSA DIVISION

In September 1943, an order was received to form the 150th Infantry Division, with Colonel L.V. Yakovlev appointed commander. The headquarters of the 151st separate rifle brigade was transformed into the headquarters of the 150th rifle division. The 756th rifle regiment was formed from the rifle battalion and artillery units of the brigade, and all brigade units and subunits (communications battalion, medical battalion, reconnaissance company, etc.) deployed into divisional units. The division was fully staffed according to the staffing table. In addition to the 756th, the division now included the 464th and 674th rifle regiments. All work on the formation of the division was carried out in positions, in battle formations, not a single unit was withdrawn to the rear. This complex task was completed successfully in a short time. And now not the 151st brigade, but the 150th rifle division occupied a defense front with a length of about 40 kilometers.

From December 15 to 25, 1943, the division fought offensive battles, during which it inflicted significant damage on the enemy.

On February 27, 1944, the division received an order to break through the enemy defenses at the Mironovo-Bykovo line. As a result of hostilities, she liberated a number of settlements, wedged into the enemy's defenses. For more than three months, the 150th Rifle Division took part in fierce, uninterrupted battles in this direction.

On May 1, 1944, Vasily Mitrofanovich Shatilov took command of the 150th Infantry Division. Then no one could have thought that it was this division in less than a year that would have the great honor to fight in the main direction of the battle for Berlin, storm the Reichstag and hoist the Banner of Victory over it!

The first major city liberated by the 150th division was Idritsa. A defensive line was set up in this direction, which bore the conditional name "Panther", based on which the German command expected to prevent Soviet troops from entering the Baltic states.

On July 10, 1944, the troops took their starting position in the direction of Idritsa. After a 30-minute artillery and aviation preparation, the main forces of the first echelon of the army (379, 219, 171 and 150 rifle divisions) went on the attack and broke through the front line of the enemy's defense. Units and subunits of the 150th and 171st rifle divisions, the 227th tank and 991st self-propelled artillery regiments were especially successful that day. Only at the turn of the Velikaya River did the enemy manage to stop the formation of the 93rd Rifle Corps and the mobile group of the army. At this time, the 150th and 171st rifle divisions of the 79th rifle corps, bypassing Idritsa from the north, approached the Velikaya River before the enemy could organize defense here. Without stopping at this line, they crossed the river and rushed to Idritsa.

On that day - July 12 - the Soviet Information Bureau reported: “The troops of the 2nd Baltic Front, having gone on the offensive from the area northwest of Novosokolniki, broke through the German defenses and in two days moved forward up to 35 kilometers, expanding the breakthrough to 150 kilometers along the front. During the offensive, the troops of the front captured the city and the large railway junction of Idritsa.

By order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief No. 207 of July 23, 1944, the 150th Infantry Division was given the name Idritskaya for the capture of the city of Idritsa and the liberation of over 1000 settlements.

After the liberation of Idritsa, a new goal was immediately determined for the division - Sebezh. After the invasion of the fascist hordes on our land, the Sebezh region became the center of the partisan movement of the entire forest region.

The division carefully prepared for the operation. By evening, guides from the partisan brigade came, they led the rifle battalion of Major Fyodor Alekseevich Ionkin along a dead path to the rear of the enemy. His unexpected blow sowed panic among the enemies and quickly broke their will to resist. The Nazis, squeezed from three sides, hastily began to roll back to the West. Our units, developing the offensive, went to the border of Latvia. The 756th Rifle Regiment broke into Sebezh and by the morning of July 17 completely captured it. The commander of the 756th regiment, Fyodor Matveyevich Zinchenko, was appointed commandant of the city.

We had to advance with battles, as the enemy used the slightest opportunity, putting up resistance at pre-prepared lines. In the midst of one of these battles, our fellow countryman A.F. Michkovsky, as a clerk of the headquarters, received the task of the chief of staff to find out the situation in the medical company of the regiment, since the telephone connection was broken. The sanitary company was located on the edge of the forest, two kilometers from the front line. Near the edge of the forest there was a strip of ripening winter rye. About a kilometer from the sanrote towards the front edge behind the hill were the firing positions of our regimental artillery. On the way to the sanrote, Andrey Filippovich noticed suspicious, barely audible movements in the rye and became alert. Realizing that there could be Nazis in the rye, he called the foreman walking towards him, fired a long burst from a machine gun and ran to the rye plot shouting: “Hyundai hoch!” There were 12 Germans, one of them an officer. All of them were delivered to the division commander and, on his orders, handed over to the intelligence department of the 150th rifle division. For this operation, the command awarded Michkovsky A.F. Order of the Red Banner of War.

On July 17, the division was already in the Baltic states, by July 27 the cities of Latvia - Daugava and Rezekne were liberated.

For successful military operations and for the liberation of the city of Rezekne, the division received a second gratitude from the Supreme Commander.

Having liberated Rezekne, the troops of the 2nd Baltic Front took the direction towards the capital of Latvia.

The path lay through the Luban lowland. Front Commander General of the Army Eremenko A.I. set the task of going through the swamps to the rear of the Nazis. The 150th division had to solve this problem.

On the night of July 30, the scouts, together with the sappers, moved forward, looking for the most advantageous path for the division and laying the gati for the main forces.

During this time, parts of the division inflicted huge losses on the enemy, liberated hundreds of settlements. In these battles, the soldiers of the unit showed mass heroism. Here are just a few examples. The gunner, junior sergeant Efrem Andreevich Povod, a native of the village of Livanovka, Kamyshny region, with his crew destroyed three machine guns, one mortar battery and fifty enemy soldiers and officers. The carriage driver S. Baimukhamedov acted boldly. Under enemy fire, he uninterruptedly delivered ammunition to firing positions, showed his own initiative, picked up one hundred German shells for the existing 105-millimeter guns. The gun number of Vasily Stepanovich Fedotov from the village of Karamay, Borovsky district, being on direct fire, destroyed two machine guns and twenty enemy soldiers.

In these battles, other of our fellow countrymen also distinguished themselves: K. Baysarin, I.A. Gorkova, M.P. Kicha, K.S. Kildishev, I.D. Tselinko, E. Alikpaev, T. G. Vodopyanov, I. Ya.

GREETINGS FROM THE HOMELAND

Throughout the war, Kustanai warriors kept in touch with their small homeland. Correspondence was active. In one of the letters from the beginning of January 1943, a group of fighters and commanders of the 151st separate brigade wrote to the workers of the city of Kustanai and the region: “Dear comrades, fellow countrymen and our friends! Many and warm thanks for your New Year's greetings, gifts and care for us. We read your letter with great joy and attention. Your victories, successes and achievements on the labor front make us happy and infuse new strength into us. Without your successes, the successes of the Red Army in the fight against the hated enemy would have been impossible. Fulfilling the order of the working people of Kustanai, many fighters and commanders covered their names with glory by selfless actions in the fight against the hated enemy, were awarded high government awards. We have units in which all the fighters have destroyed fascists on their account. 122 fighters, commanders, political workers of our unit were awarded high government awards.

Red Army signalman Alexander Vasilievich Medvedkov, a former worker from the Ordzhonikidzevsky district, was awarded the medal "For Courage". Tov. Medvedkov repaired 15 telephone line damages in just one battle under heavy enemy fire.

For selfless work under enemy fire in carrying out prisoners from the battlefield with their weapons, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, sanitary instructor comrade. Landa Israel Manuylovich, former employee of the regional newspaper "Stalin's Way".

Teacher of military affairs of the Kustanai secondary school named after. Gorky Yakubovsky Karl Stanislavovich was awarded the Order of the Red Star for the skillful leadership of his unit and personal courage in battle. Medical instructor Vorotnikov was awarded the Order of Lenin. Kustanai residents Fateev, Gorobets, Kabush, Tyushev, Vinogradov and many others were awarded high government awards. Only during the last battles, the brigade destroyed 1283 German soldiers and officers, 83 firing points with machine guns and servants, 2 mortar batteries. 76 bunkers and dugouts were destroyed. 18 dugouts, 5 guns and other trophies were captured ... ".

Letters were sent to the front from the Kustanays with an appeal to fellow countrymen to smash the Nazis, with the wishes of a speedy victory over the enemy. Repeatedly, the inhabitants of the region collected parcels for the fighters with warm clothes, tobacco, and simple gifts.

And in February 1943, in honor of the 25th anniversary of the heroic Red Army, the division command sent its delegates to Kustanai - Captain Tyushev (former secretary of the Kustanai City Party Committee), Captain Yakubovsky, Senior Sergeant Sagandykov, Senior Sergeant Krestyaninov and Senior Sergeant Vertnikov.

In No. 51 of the Kustanai regional newspaper "Stalin's Way" dated March 3, 1943, an open letter was published on this occasion to the fighters, commanders and political workers of the military unit, where Comrade Yakovlev was the commander: "Today, representatives of the party, Soviet, Komsomol and public organizations of the city met with your messengers - our dear guests. On this joyful day, we send you warm congratulations on the great national holiday - the glorious anniversary of the heroic defender of the conquests of October! On this joyful day, we wish you new military successes. The stories of your representatives kindle in the hearts of the Soviet people working in the rear, the desire to work even better, to do everything to hasten the joyful hour of victory. We assure you, dear countrymen, that we will fulfill our duty to the Motherland. The rear and the front in our country are united, they are driven by one goal - to quickly exterminate, expel fierce enemies from our land. This unity of the army and the people is the guarantee of our victory!

An exciting event for all Kustanai warriors was the arrival of the Kustanai delegation headed by the deputy chairman of the regional executive committee Agniya Georgievna Mikheeva to the brigade. Among the delegates was the people's akyn Omar Shipin, whose inspirational voice instilled strong confidence in every fighter that victory would be ours.

To the legendary Syanov I.Ya. folk akyn dedicated the following lines:

“He walked chest forward under mortal fire -

Heroic glory thundered about him.

Will Akyn keep silent about such a countryman?

Sing, Shipin, about Syanov - your son!

Here, at the front, every day, facing death face to face, the soldiers knew that they were remembered there, at home, in the rear, that they were loved and expected. Looking forward to victory!

TO BERLIN!

At the end of December 1944, the division was transferred by rail to Poland and became part of the 1st Belorussian Front.

On January 14, 1945, the 1st Belorussian Front began the Vistula-Oder operation. The 150th division crossed the Vistula and entered Warsaw.

Having liberated Poland and developing a further offensive in a rapid advance to the west, our troops reached the border of Nazi Germany. The regimental scouts of Captain Kondrashov, who were the first to reach the border, made the inscription “Here it is, Nazi Germany!” on a piece of plywood. And nailed her on a telephone pole.

The troops of the 1st Belorussian and 1st Ukrainian Fronts defeated Army Group A, liberated Poland, entered Germany, reached the Oder and captured several bridgeheads, creating favorable conditions for an attack on Berlin. However, before delivering the final blow to the enemy, it was necessary to defeat his flank groupings in Eastern Pomerania and Hungary. The East Pomeranian operation began with the aim of defeating the Vistula Army Group, which was hanging over the 1st Belorussian Front from the north.

In mid-February 1945, the division participated in the defeat of the Schneidemuhl grouping of the enemy in the Pomeranian operation.

On the night of February 14-15, the Nazis went on the attack. But the soldiers of the division did not flinch. In the morning, to help the Nazis, another column approached. The calculation of the machine gun of Enna Arkhip Timofeevich at that time was supported by the personnel of the platoons of Lieutenant Shishkov and Second Lieutenant Antonov, who were constantly attacked by the enemy. The barrage fire of the platoons mowed down the Nazis. But they got closer and closer. Then the platoon commanders Shishkov and Antonov launched the fighters into the attack shouting "Hurrah!". And the enemy could not stand it and fled. Suddenly, on the right, Enna saw a group of fascists preparing to strike on the flank of the attackers. Together with Sukhachev and Polyansky, Arkhip rolled out his "Maxim" to a convenient position and the enemy was destroyed by well-aimed fire.

On this day, nine enemy attacks had to be repulsed. For this fight Kustanian Enna A.T. was awarded the Medal for Courage.

On the morning of February 16, the Nazis again rushed to the attack. However, after several unsuccessful attempts to break through, they finally calmed down. The fight gradually subsided. The surviving captured Nazis were taken out of the forest. By evening, the Schneidemuhl group - 25 thousand German soldiers and officers - was completely eliminated.

It was clear to everyone that the war was over. All fighters realized that the price for the Victory would be very high. Everyone was waiting for the fall of the Reichstag, but the enemy continued to resist desperately.

The East Pomeranian operation ended in March with the defeat of the enemy grouping. In an order dated March 6, 1945, all personnel of the 150th Infantry Division were thanked for capturing the cities of Plata and Gyultsev. And by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 26, 1945, the 150th division was awarded the Order of Kutuzov of the second degree for the night battle near Lake Votshwansee.

On March 12, the division surrendered its sector of defense to units of the Polish Army and, observing camouflage, made a 160-kilometer march, concentrating in the Mantel-Schonberg area in order to conduct combat operations in the main Berlin direction.

BERLIN OPERATION

The Berlin operation, in which more than two and a half million Soviet soldiers took part, became one of the largest in the Great Patriotic War. The troops of the 1st and 2nd Belorussian Fronts, the 1st Ukrainian Front with the participation of the forces of the Baltic Fleet and the Dnepropetrovsk military flotilla, the 1st and 2nd armies of the Polish Army were concentrated in the Berlin direction.

Almost every participant in the Berlin operation dreamed of being in the ranks of the storming of the Reichstag. Meanwhile, the 3rd shock army, which included the 150th division, was advancing to the north. However, a little later, the 3rd shock army turned to the southeast, in the direction of the main attack.

And on April 16, 1945, at five o'clock in the morning, the pre-dawn darkness was suddenly cut through by the rays of 143 searchlights. At that very moment, a formidable symphony of hundreds of Katyushas sounded. They were joined by volleys of 22 thousand guns of all calibers. On April 18, parts of the division took the city of Kunersdorf, on April 20, artillerymen fired the first volleys at Berlin. One of the first to open fire on Berlin was Khamza Nurtazin from Kustan.

And here it is, Berlin - a huge city, spread widely along the entire front, from which rays diverge many asphalt roads, broken by caterpillars of tanks and assault guns of the retreating Nazis. Having defeated the enemy on the near approaches to the city, the army troops on April 21, 1945 at 6.00 were the first to break into Berlin. Formations of the 79th Rifle Corps under Major General Perevertin, developing the offensive, approached the city center with stubborn battles.

The enemy took vigorous measures to protect the central streets and squares with ministries and museums, with the Reichstag and the Imperial Chancellery, turning every building, room, staircase and basement into strongholds and centers of defense. Fights went for every street, for every house and basement.

The 150th Rifle Division in these battles captured the Maobit prison, where thousands of prisoners of war and political prisoners were released. Enna A.T. recalls: “Overcoming all kinds of street obstacles in Berlin, we approached the Spree River. When we ran across the street, we were covered by enemy mortar fire. We ran into the next house. There were German soldiers there. A fight ensued. Destroying the enemy, we rushed to the second floor. Once on the other side of the house, I carefully approached the window. Below us was an armored personnel carrier. Enemy soldiers jumped out of the windows of the first floor and quickly got into it. I began to install a machine gun on the windowsill, but the firing radius did not allow firing. A German officer who ran up shouted something to his soldiers and began to open the door. A few more seconds and the enemy will leave. But then Chekmarev quickly pulls out the pin of a hand grenade and throws it into the body of an armored car. I have no words. She did her job."

On the morning of April 29, they fought to the Spree River - this is the last water barrier on the way. The river is small. However, its steep banks, laid with reinforced concrete slabs, towering four meters above the water level, held back the advance of our troops. Then it was decided to break through the dilapidated Moltke bridge, which was constantly covered by enemy fire from all sides. At 10 o'clock the first battalion was the first to go on the attack, but fell under the furious fire of the enemy. I had to hide in the nearest houses. It became clear that artillery was indispensable. And now Major Gladkikh's gunners started working with their guns. They were joined by a heavy artillery unit - tanks. From powerful volleys the earth shuddered. Precise strikes destroyed the main enemy firing points.

We decided to take the bridge. Already the first rows of the attackers touched the bridge. From the memoirs of Enna A.T.: “Some of the soldiers shouted: “The commander of the 1st company was wounded!”. And the voice of our countryman Ilya Syanov was heard: “Company! Listen to my command. Behind me! Forward!" and he led the company first to liberate the building of the Swiss embassy, ​​where the Nazis settled, and then to the building of the German Ministry of the Interior, which the soldiers dubbed "Himmler's House". The Nazis turned it into a powerful stronghold, which was defended by two Volksturm battalions and part of the cadet sailors transferred from Rostock on Hitler's orders.

It was necessary at all costs to take the "Himmler House", which became the main obstacle on the way to the Reichstag.

From the morning of April 29 and all night of April 30, fierce fighting took place in the immediate vicinity of the Reichstag. At the same time, units of the 171st and 150th rifle divisions were preparing to storm the Reichstag.

The Reichstag - a huge three-story, gray building was drowning in smoke, illuminated by flashes of gunshots, bursts of tracer bullets. From the east, the Reichstag is covered by government buildings with unusually thick walls, and from the southeast by the Brandenburg Gate. Everything around was shot through by enemy anti-aircraft artillery, concentrated on Königplatz.

Window and door openings are walled up with bricks, only loopholes and loopholes are left. Machine guns and cannons were also installed 200 meters northwest and southwest of the Reichstag. For them, special trenches were laid with platforms and communication passages leading to the basement of the building.

The Reichstag was defended by a numerous garrison, which included the surviving cadets of the naval school, a three thousandth SS regiment, artillerymen, pilots, and Volksturm detachments. They had plenty of guns, mortars, machine guns, faustpatrons and grenades.

It was decided to storm the Reichstag with four battalions: two from the 674th rifle regiment of Plekhodanov - the battalion commanders Davydov and Logvinenko, and two from the 756th rifle regiment of Zinchenko - the battalion commanders Neustroev and Klimenkov. They were supposed to be supported by: the 23rd tank brigade of Colonel Kuznetsov S.V., the 351st self-propelled gun regiment of Colonel Gertsev V.F., the 328th artillery regiment of Major Gladkikh, the 957th anti-tank fighter regiment of Colonel Serov K.I., The 224th Anti-tank Fighter Battalion of Major I. Teslenko, two divisions of Katyusha rocket launchers from the 22nd Guards Mortar Brigade of Colonel Rusakov and the 2nd Battalion of the 50th Guards Mortar Brigade of Colonel Zharikov. In addition, two artillery regiments were to fire at the Reichstag from covered positions located on the north bank of the Spree.

INSTITUTION OF THE BANNER OF VICTORY

In the midst of the Berlin operation - on April 22 - the Military Council of the 3rd shock army, on the initiative of Litvinov, decided to establish the Banner of Victory. Their manufacture was entrusted to the artist Golikov. 9 banners were made. And each of them was a red cloth measuring 188 by 82 cm, attached to the staff, on the left side of it at the top were depicted a five-pointed star, a sickle and a hammer. Banner number 5 was awarded to the 150th Infantry Division. The head of the political department of the division M.V. Artyukhov brought it from the headquarters.

Instructor of the political department of the division captain Matveev I.U. was specially assigned to the battalion of Captain Neustroev, who, according to the operational plan, was the first to break into the Reichstag through the main entrance. Ilya Ustinovich explained to all the fighters the situation, the general plan of the operation, spoke about the Banner of Victory, about the honorable task that was given by the Military Council of the 3rd shock army to the soldiers of the 150th Rifle Idritskaya Order of Kutuzov II degree division.

However, many military commanders could not find an answer to the question for a long time: who should be entrusted with hoisting the Victory Banner, which division or regiment?

From the memoirs of the Hero of the Soviet Union Syanov I.Ya.: “On April 22, division officers (Artyukhov, Efimov, Zinchenko) came to us and reported that the Army Military Council had approved 9 banners. The Banner of Victory will be hoisted over the Reichstag by the division that first breaks through to it. Our division received banner No. 5, the guard of the banner was entrusted to a group of fighters under the leadership of the Komsomol organizer Belyaev. Victory Banner No. 5 was transferred to the 756th regiment, and the regiment assigned it to the 1st assault company.

STORM OF THE REICHSTAG

On April 30, by 4 o'clock, the sky, illuminated by the still invisible sun, had just begun to brighten, the "Himmler's house" was completely cleared of the Nazis. In the smoky gloom of Königplatz, in the depths of which stood the Reichstag, Soviet battalions came out and deployed.

As soon as dawn broke, the artillery of the 3rd Shock Army launched a powerful attack on the Reichstag and Königplatz - the royal square, on the Kroll Opera and the Brandenburg Gate.

In the morning of April 30, the rifle battalion of the 150th division was already at the target. And they were just waiting for the order to attack the Reichstag. A lot of guns were on direct fire. To the left of the 150th division is the 171st rifle division A.I. She, too, was preparing to attack.

The combat task of advancing on the Reichstag was brought to all units and subunits, to every officer and soldier. Each commander knew the general order of attack, the route of his attack, the object of battle and the floor that he had to take with his personnel. He also knew supporting neighbors who ensured the safety of the flanks, guns and tanks, which would cover the infantry with their fire.

At one o'clock in the afternoon, guards mortars - "Katyushas" hit, this was the signal for general artillery preparation. All the guns and tanks, self-propelled guns and mortars immediately started talking. Heavy shells also flew from the northern bank of the Spree.

All the fire rushed to Königplatz and the Brandenburg Gate. Everything was drowned in smoke, dust, lightning breaks.

And now, from the grayest gloomy building, a thunderous “Hurrah!” is heard. On the wide staircase leading to the Reichstag, attack heroes appeared - Nikolai Byk, Pyatnitsky, Yakimovich, Prygunov, Shcherbina and many others. Then, through the triumphant entrance, the company broke into the huge coronation hall. From the depths of the dark corridors towards the storming fighters - discordant automatic fire. The stormers cleared the numerous lair of the fascist beast from the enemy, driving the Nazis into the basements and upstairs.

THE BANNER OVER THE REYSTAG!

The assault group, whose fighters were among the first to break into the Reichstag building from the side of the main entrance, was commanded by senior sergeant I.Ya. In this company was the banner of the Military Council of the 3rd shock army, which was entrusted to hoist the political officer of the battalion A. Berest and regimental scouts M. Egorov and M. Kantaria. On the evening of April 30, when the time exceeded 22 hours, the sun went below the horizon, Kantaria and Yegorov hoisted the Banner of Victory on the dome of the Reichstag. It was visible to everyone: both our units, which closed in a steel ring around the central part of Berlin, and the enemy, who had not yet laid down their arms.

Another Kazakh unit, Lieutenant Rakhimzhan Koshkarbayev, who served in the 674th regiment of the 150th division, participated in the assault on the Reichstag (he commanded a platoon). And it was Rakhimzhan, on the part of the Reichstag recaptured by his unit, who on April 30 hoisted the scarlet flag of Victory. Moreover, several years ago, the Russian authorities officially recognized that the first to hoist the Banner of Victory on the Reichstag on April 30, 1945 were Rakhimzhan Koshkarbaev and Grigory Bulatov. The historical truth can only be respected and recognized.

And there were still quite a few fascists in the Reichstag, and they continued to fight fiercely. On the night of May 1, the command of the 150th Infantry Division twice offered the enemy to lay down their arms. But it was refused. On the morning of May 1, the Nazis made an attempt to return the lost. They put everything at stake: all reserves were thrown into battle. The desperate efforts of the enemy were in vain. Then the Germans set fire to the Reichstag in several places. Choking in the smoke, the soldiers of the division as part of the regular troops fought fearlessly, heroically, repelling the strongest attacks, and tried to put out the fire.

From the memoirs of Syanov I.Ya.: “By three o'clock in the morning on May 2, the entire upper part of the Reichstag was taken. But at what cost! Lined up a company. Of the entire company, 28 people remained. We didn’t eat for two days, we didn’t sleep for more than a day. The children's eyes were on fire. The faces were haggard, exhausted, the clothes were almost completely burned out. Postures are tense. Everyone is in a terrible state of tension. I recalled in memory who is not with us ... how sad: in the last days of the war they are not with us ... they are no more ... young, beautiful, desperate heroes who never lived to see the Great Victory. On the night of May 8-9, 1945, telephone operator Vera Abramova called me to the telephone. “Swallow” is listening, - I gave my password. And suddenly the words burst into the ears, not into the ears, into the head, into the chest, into the very heart with a cannon salvo: “Syanov, Syanov! The Germans have capitulated! End of the war! End!".

In the battles for the Reichstag, parts of the division exterminated more than 2,500 fascist soldiers and officers. In the basement of the main building, about 1650 Nazis were taken prisoner, including 16 officers and two generals. And in just 14 days of fighting, parts of the division captured 3787 soldiers, 26 officers and
2 generals, destroyed 312 tanks, self-propelled guns and guns, 39 mortars, 150 machine guns and many other equipment, 508 vehicles.

On the night of May 8-9, Nazi Germany signed the act of unconditional surrender of the German armed forces.

BANNER OF THE GREAT VICTORY

On May 12, 1945, the division received an order: urgently move to the north-west and quarter in the area of ​​Goering's hunting dacha, transferring its site in Berlin, including the Reichstag, to units of the 5th shock army.

In June 1945, the division commander, General Shatilov Vasily Mitrofanovich, received an order: Send the Banner of Victory to Moscow with special honors.

On June 20, 1945, our Kustanian - I. Ya. Syanov was invited to the political department of the army. He was handed a travel order from the commander of the unit, Lieutenant General Galadzhev.

It said: "... upon receipt of this, I suggest you go to the city of Moscow with the Banner of Victory ...". On the same day, on a special plane, accompanied by the heroes of the defeated Reichstag, M.A. Egorov, M.V. Kantaria, S.A. Neustroeva and K.Ya. Samsonova Ilya Yakovlevich flew to the central airfield in Moscow.

On June 24, 1945, a parade took place on Red Square. The Victory Banner was delivered on a specially equipped vehicle. A large globe towered above its body. The Banner of Victory was installed on a point marking Berlin.

Now the Banner of Victory is kept in Moscow, in the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War.

The hoisting of the banner over the Reichstag ended the Berlin campaign of the 150th Infantry Division. For the capture of Berlin and the assault on the Reichstag, the division was given the name Berlin. She became the Idritsko-Berlin division of the Order of Kutuzov of the second degree. For courage and courage shown in the battles for Berlin and the Reichstag, thousands of soldiers and commanders of the 150th division were awarded orders and medals of the USSR, and 15 people, including the commander of the rifle company of the 756th regiment Syanov I.Ya., were awarded high title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

The battle path of the Idritsko-Berlin Order of Kutuzov II degree division is a glorious page in the history of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. Kostanay residents are proud and will always remember that the banner of this legendary division, the backbone of which was the 151st Rifle Brigade, formed in Kustanai in the harsh year of 1941, became a symbol of Victory in the Great Patriotic War.

This is how it sounded in the divisional song:

... And Berlin fell defeated,

We broke into the Reichstag.

With unparalleled glory

A flag was raised over him.

Fly, winged rumor

About glorious deeds

like one hundred and fifty

Entered Berlin in the spring!

At the Banner of Victory.

From left to right: Captain K. Samsonov, Jr. sergeant M. Kantalia, captain S. Neustoev, sergeant M. Egorov and Art. Sergeant I. Syanov. June, 1945

The history of the banner of the 150th Order of Kutuzov II degree of the Idritsa Rifle Division did not end with the end of the war. It was further developed in peacetime.

In 2007, the State Duma of the Russian Federation adopted the Law "On the Banner of Victory". It was decided to consider the banner of the 150th Order of Kutuzov II degree of the Idritsa Rifle Division, which was hoisted in the victorious May 1945 over the defeated Nazi Reichstag, as the Banner of Victory.

May 1, 2010 - on the eve of the 65th anniversary of the Great Victory - an exact copy of the Banner of Victory from the Moscow Hall of Fame of the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War was delivered to the southern capital of our republic, Almaty. On this occasion, in the Almaty park named after 28 Panfilov guardsmen passed solemn events. The ceremony was attended by leaders of the NDP "Nur Otan", veterans of the Great Patriotic War, representatives of veteran and youth organizations. A small military parade was also organized, in which cadets of military schools in Almaty took part. A day earlier, a copy of the Banner of Victory, along with the flag of Kazakhstan, was hoisted on the Kumbel ridge.

A few days before Victory Day, the heads of state of the Commonwealth of Independent States adopted an Appeal to the peoples of the member states of the Commonwealth and the world community in connection with the 65th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, which reads: “In an unprecedented tension and cruelty of the war, the multinational people of the Soviet Union and its Armed Forces defended the freedom and independence of their Fatherland, delivered many countries of the world from fascist enslavement. At the front and in the rear, our peoples showed selflessness and mass heroism, patriotism and internationalism, unprecedented stamina, without which victory would not have been possible. History has never seen such resilience. She did not know such a will to win. Over the years, the greatness of the feat accomplished by our peoples does not fade. The more time separates us from this event, the more clearly the significance of the historical mission of the soldiers of Victory, who defended the right to the future, is realized.

Note: when preparing the material, archival documents, memoirs of the commanders and fighters of the Idritskaya division L.V. Yakovlev, A.F. Michkovsky, K.M. Volochaev, A.T. Enna were used; publications in the newspapers "Stalin's Way", "Leninsky's Way"; materials of the museum of secondary school No. 4 in Kostanay; the books “They went through the war” (Kostanay, 1995), “Our star and starless heroes” (Ivan Dyachkov, Kostanay, 2007).

From decision

Executive Committee of the Kustanai City Council of People's Deputies

About street renaming

Having considered the proposal of the city department of public education, the executive committee of the city Council of People's Deputies

I DECIDED:

Rename st. South on st. "Guards" in honor of the 151 rifle brigade, formed in the city of Kustanai during the Great Patriotic War.

Chairman

city ​​council executive committee

People's Deputies S.P. BAKAY

Secretary

city ​​council executive committee

People's Deputies M.Yu.YUNUSOV

"STALINGRAD FALCONS"

FLYING TO KUSTANAI

In Victory Park

In the Kostanay Victory Park there is a memorial sign dedicated to the dead cadets and pilots of the Stalingrad aviation school. Its historical value is much higher than one might think, looking at the angular pedestal with surnames engraved on it. Although, of course, you will not pass by. For a rear city, the list is quite large. In addition, pilots and cadets died not in battles, but in "air crashes" - as it appears in the inscription made over the names. But the scale of the school can be judged at least by the fact that 120 Heroes of the Soviet Union came out of its walls, seven of them were awarded the high title twice. In the hardest November of the 41st, the school received an order to evacuate to Kazakhstan, to the city

Kustanai Uralsky military district. We had to evacuate twice. In the forty-first, when the enemy ring around Moscow was shrinking, and in the forty-second, when the Germans approached the Volga. For the first time, personnel, along with property, were loaded onto barges in the river port. Then the steamers towed them to the Vladimirovka pier on the Akhtuba River. From here it was necessary to move on by rail. The Great Railway, a full-fledged participant in the Victory, who did not rest for an hour or half an hour, still could not provide everyone with wagons. The school moved to Kazakhstan for a very long time, people spent weeks either on the pier or at the station. But the planes were distilled by air. When part of the aircraft had already reached Kustanai, 55 of them were still at intermediate airfields. Thus, by January 1, 1942, the school failed, as planned, to relocate to a new location. The battle for Moscow has already reached a turning point. After the enemy was finally driven back, the command decided to return the school to Stalingrad.

Sources

The fact that we now have the opportunity to talk about distant events that connected the heroically fought Stalingrad and the heroic work of Kustanai is, first of all, the merit of Yuri Alexandrovich Mantsurov, a retired colonel, candidate of historical sciences, a member of the Union of Journalists of Russia. He summarized the information in a small but informative book "Stalingrad Falcons", published in 2007 in Volgograd, at the expense of veterans and graduates of 1957 of the Stalingrad Military Aviation Pilot School. Yuri Alexandrovich in a brief annotation says that the book contains little-known facts about the military past of the school, "leaving a bright mark on the history of the Armed Forces ..." Of these little-known facts, the least known, in our opinion, relate to the Kustanai period of the school (college). Since it was the rear, a distant city, a temporary place of registration.

Ciphergram No. 17502

In the air, the Battle of Stalingrad was conducted by the 8th Air Army. There was a moment when she was left without pilots - after the tragic events near Kharkov in 1942. Replenishment was given by the native school. There were not enough training vehicles, instructors, fuel and spare parts. The school did not fulfill the plan, and the front was getting closer to the Volga. On July 15, 1942, the code number 17502 of the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense A.A. Novikov arrived, and the school began to evacuate to Kustanai for the second time. “The flight units were on alert, the planes after taking off in groups headed north along the Volga, making landings on its left bank near Nikolaevka or in the village of Krasny Kut, Saratov Region, where the Kachin Aviation School of Pilots was then based. There, the final preparation of equipment for the flight was carried out, and the aircraft continued to follow the established route. In total, 214 vehicles left Stalingrad: UTI - 4 - 110; Yak-1, Yak-7 - 42; Ut-2 - 39; I-16 - 20 and other types - 3. 212 aircraft flew to Kustanai, one had an accident, the other had a breakdown.

Behind the lines of the war

The personnel with school property again moved first on barges, then by rail - in 1942 it already worked in such a mode that even bombing only briefly interrupted the endless movement of trains from west to east and from east to west. The school was bombed and fired from the air along the river route and along the iron one. Under the bombs, the state farm, attached to the aviation school as a paramilitary unit, also moved into the evacuation. Tractors and cattle were loaded onto the ferry, and the "crusaders" poured iron on top of it - at such hours the Volga seemed especially wide. But the losses were small.

By August 17, 1942, all echelons and aircraft arrived at their new destination. According to Yuri Mantsurov, training flights with cadets from all available airfields immediately began. The main airfield was the city, Kustanai, the old-timers remember it, in addition, the airfields were near Narimanovka, Zatobolovka, Fedorovka and Ozerny. But, unlike the central, Kustanai, the rest had no premises and buildings at all. It was a big, insurmountable problem - flight infrastructure and life. Although the veterans of the Stalingrad School unanimously asserted that Kustanai and the surrounding areas have good weather and airfield conditions for organizing pilot training, it was possible to study here, but it was difficult to live. As well as the Kustanays themselves. There were no conditions for personnel and families in the then tiny town. They lived in dugouts, slept on bunk beds. It was hungry, cold and cramped. Not only in dugouts, but also at airfields - it was not possible to place all squadrons here. Therefore, two were transferred to the Burmese Military Aviation Pilot School.

"In the distant Kustanai"

One of the chapters of the book is called “Work in distant Kustanai”. Despite all the hardships of life in Kustanai, in 1943 the command recognized the Stalingrad pilot school as the leader, the first in all respects among all flight universities. And in 1944, the school was recognized as the best in the Air Force. The head of the school at that time was the brigade commander, later Major General P.A. Sokolov. Mantsurov names dozens of names of those who trained pilots for the front and for the Victory in Kustanai. I counted 50 names, starting with Pavel Afanasiev and ending with Alexander Tomin, and there were also “many others”, as the author writes. The entire aircraft and motor fleet was located in the field, under the open sky. But even in 30-40 degree frosts, those works that, according to the standards, had to be completed in 2-3 days, managed to be done in hours or in one night. The school worked around the clock. The war needed pilots.

Aviators

From 1942 to 1945, hundreds of air fighters, fighter pilots, "Stalingrad Falcons" were trained in Kustanai. If Mantsurov mentions 50 names of "teachers", each of them has from 30 to 100 graduate pilots. As soon as they took off from the “nest” in Kustanai, they went straight into the heat of war. The Falcons flew all the way to Berlin, and from there they were sent to the Far East to fight the Japanese. How many of them did not live to see the Victory, even if there are monuments to the dead in the rear?
The book contains the memoirs of Yevgeny Oleinikov, who at the age of seven, together with his milkmaid mother, arrived in Kustanai from near Stalingrad as part of a state farm that provided the school with food. The state farm, where there were up to a hundred cows, was located "south of the city along the Tobol River, in the village of Udarnik." The planes, having taken off in Kustanai, went to Drummer, turned around.

Command staff of the Stalingrad Aviation School.

Classes on a shooting simulator on the training field of the Stalingrad Aviation School. Zatobolsk, 1943.

During emergency landings, children were the first to run to the planes. Helped the pilots as much as they could. The children knew many cadets by sight and loved them. After all, from time to time they pampered children with gifts: liverwurst, a delicacy at that time, gingerbread and American chocolate peas. They also gave the guys their clothes: second-hand flight leather trousers, tunics, garrison caps and budyonovkas. Their mothers altered them at home, and therefore the Stalingrad children in Kustanai were dressed, shod and fed better than the locals.

But the children did not sit idle. The state farm sowed rye, barley, fattened cattle and pigs - to feed the cadets and teaching staff. The younger ones helped the elders in everything. We went to school - there were 4 classes in Udarnik then. The surname of the only teacher is Menshikov. During the holidays, all the kids were taken to the forest across the Tobol River to pick wild cherries and strawberries. The collected berries were taken by a special car to the dining room, where the aviators ate. And in winter, it was scary around Kustanai - wolves often visited, tore up cattle. The pilots were again called for help. They came in snowmobiles and hunted wolves. 5-6 predators - this was the minimum trophy of fighters.

Farewell Slav

On a clear sunny day on May 9, 1945, children and adults in Udarnik woke up to the sounds of the march "Farewell to the Slav". Victory! But only a year later, on May 6, 1946, in accordance with the directive of the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR (ORG 1116), the Stalingrad School moved from Kustanai near Novosibirsk, to the West Siberian Military District. There conditions were better. In Kustanai, there are two dozen graves of “falcons” that broke their wings on takeoff. During the reconstruction of the city cemetery, instead of individual tombstones, a memorial sign in the form of a pedestal was placed. Don't forget to bow when you visit Victory Park.

L. Fefelova

CHEKISTS-KOSTANAYS

IN WORLD WAR II

In accordance with the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 3, 1941, personnel of the state security agencies were allocated from the NKVD to the NKGB. According to the new staffing arrangements and tasks, it was ordered in the regional institutions to immediately reorganize into two leading departments: counterintelligence, in order to combat espionage, sabotage, terrorist and other subversive activities of foreign intelligence agents, and secret political, to identify and suppress the remnants of anti-Soviet parties hostile to elements among the population and in the national economy.

The Kustanai regional administration, like others, felt the most severe legal and moral consequences of the repressions of the 30s, as a result of which almost the entire operational staff was replaced, 6 officers were convicted, 2 of them were sentenced to capital punishment - shooting, others were dismissed or punished in service and party order with a change of duty station. The deputy was transferred to the republican center. head of the department Kudryashov B.N., head of the investigation Arstanbekov A.A., who later became the first of the Kazakhs the general and chairman of the KGB of the Kaz. Two detectives were sent on duty to Kazakhstani camps. In March, the UNKGB team began to be led by a new chief - Art. lieutenant of state security Zabelev I.I., who had arrived in Kustanai from Semipalatinsk a year earlier to the position of deputy head of the body and had already studied the operational situation in the region.

And she was difficult. The region received Koreans, Iranians, Germans, Crimean Tatars, Chechens and Ingush, Greeks, Poles and others deported to Kazakhstan. 735 exiles were under special control, two of them had already been arrested for political reasons. In addition, more than 250 urgent tasks “from above” required increased vigilance and KGB results in state issues of “dispensing goods into one hand”, “maintenance of state farms”, “repair of tractor equipment”, “contamination with hostile elements of the consumer cooperation system ...”, etc. P.

On the second day of the war, rallies were held in Kustanai and regional centers of the region on the occasion of the treacherous attack of Germany on the USSR. In the administration of the NKGB, a meeting of the leadership and a meeting of all personnel were also held. According to the memoirs of veterans, the message about the invasion of the Nazis did not come as a surprise to them. By that time, the war in Europe was already blazing, and according to the incoming documents, their professional instinct fully understood the real military danger. No one expressed hatred. From everywhere there was a confident speech about a worthy rebuff to a powerful military and ideological adversary. New expanded duty schedules were immediately announced, orders for additional meals in the dining room at the inner prison, on the procedure for the constant carrying of weapons, on increasing the horses in the stable, on organizing their own kindergarten by the women's council, and other mobilization measures.

A new state order was unexpected - by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of July 20, 1941, the NKGB was again united with the powerful NKVD. They tried not to aggravate the fuss, taking into account wartime. But one event still had to be carried out in conditions of alarm. Among the first orders of the General Commissar of the State Security Committee, People's Commissar of the Internal Affairs, Beria L.P. there was an order to strengthen the personnel of the special departments of the shock armies. Despite the operational and personnel shortage, 17 Kustanai counterintelligence officers were sent there. Of these, the fate of Kulbitsky I.P., Brigida A.V., Loginov S.Z. are still not known, Tastambekov I. was discharged from Smersh due to injury and was no longer able to return to the Chekist work. Death in battles Begma M.M., Klepova N.N., Prusakova V.I. and Stepanova A.G. installed. A total of 137 Kustanays who served in the security forces fought on the fronts, of which 9 are missing.

It soon became clear that the military confrontation would be long. Management began to suffocate in a host of rear vowels, but more than military affairs. Frequent military experts for the selection of persons who speak German. The region quarters more than 32 thousand evacuees, the Polish diplomatic representation in the amount of 10 people, political emigrants, 89 thousand exiled special settlers, hosts the Stalingrad military aviation school, the museums of Chernyshevsky and the Central Historical Museum.

Our region, as a purely agricultural one, is beginning to transfer to the front work horses, a large and better part of auto-tractor equipment. At the same time, no one gave state farms tasks to reduce crops and livestock, this burden fell on the shoulders of women and children. Great attention was required to work on the mobilization of conscripts, during the years of the war over 73 thousand Kustanays were drafted into service and fought on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. During the four war years in the Kustanai steppe region, with the help of the Chekists, 1124 so-called "evaders" were identified.

In the regional center, evacuation hospitals were deployed that had the right to issue medical documents for commission, in connection with this, the task arose of identifying front-line "self-shooters" in them, legalizing agents of the fascist special services. Thanks to the known information of only three hospitals, about 8 thousand wounded were cured in Kustanai until December 1942. There were also special results. In 1944, in Uzunkul, Satov K. arrested the “wounded” T. with authentic medical documents, as it turned out hastily, according to signs, wanted by military counterintelligence.

In the region, evacuated plants and factories began to work practically from the wheels. Numbered factories had the positions of assistant director for hiring and firing. As a rule, they were occupied by employees of the State Security Service with wide powers and secret functional duties. To fulfill production tasks, there was an urgent need for specialists and workers. But no one could even think, at least, the KGB plans at first did not provide that, serving the "defense industry", the security agencies would soon make up annual reports on "desertion in industry." So by the end of the war, the Kustanai region "recruited" 3208 such people!

There were also actions "Kustanaytsy-Front", transportation of horses to the front, then cattle drives to the territories liberated from the Nazis. When hunger began to be felt everywhere, and the evacuees, all the more, “came to exhaustion and mortality,” the Chekists took control of the allocated property and food funds. The Department of Special Settlements reports that there are 12,278 exiles and 76,406 special settlers in the region. Among them, there are 54,662 Germans, 3,109 Poles, 4,935 Chechens and Ingush, 3,063 Western Ukrainians and Belarusians, 107 Greeks, 60 Armenians, 33 Tatars, 20 Kalmyks and 21 Vlasovites. In order to somehow keep the “hostile elements” under control, all movements of exiles and special settlers were allowed only on business trip certificates with a mandatory visa from the special settlement department. But even this strict measure had no wide significance. Movements in search of daily bread, urgent mobilization for military needs, and many others. others demanded a door-to-door tour after the war in order to establish a true picture of the state of the civilian population.

No one canceled the operational tasks to prevent the weakening of the Soviet social and state system. Trap apartments gave positive results. Received tips on a number of scurrying especially dangerous criminals. “Officer” P. was detained, as it turned out, having stolen a military uniform along with documents, and following away from the front in the steppe. At the initiative of the Chekists, work was carried out in the children's homes that they have on their balance sheet, work was done to debunk "harmful" rumors, provocative letters addressed to the fighters with messages about the moral decay of their wives and relatives. Illegal churchmen and sectarians began to behave very illegally, work among which is always associated with operational art.

On July 13, 1941, the Pravda newspaper in the editorial "Destroy spies and saboteurs!" urged the entire country, security officials to sharply increase political vigilance. In 1942, changes were made to the Criminal Code, where deserters were already treated as bandits and traitors to the Motherland.

In the course of the search and suppression of such persons, almost simultaneously from one armed deserter in 1942, the district policeman Pankratov E.I. and the most experienced, honored Chekist, head of the Uritsky branch Ponomarev I.G. (their memory is immortalized in the Sarykol region, see Chapter 5). In 1944, the assistant to the head of the Mendygarinsky special commandant's office, Lavrov A.S., was shot dead. Investigator Tsibulsky A.G. goes missing while on a business trip in the region. and an employee of the Karabalyk RO Boyko M.I. Get severe chronic diseases Skobelev ID, Liskov N.A., Dallit M.A. Head of the Uzunkol District Police Department Mukhametzhanov K.M. and others. In total, until the end of 1945, the Kustanai departments of the NKVD-NKGB arrested 718 "army deserters"!

April 1943 was a turning point in departmental changes. By decree of the PVS, the security service was once again separated into a separate structure - the NKGB. UNKGB of Kustanai region headed by Jr. lieutenant of state security Serbunov V.P. Veterans who worked under him for many years remembered him with a kind word for his high professionalism, dedication, tireless work, responsiveness and concern for his subordinates. In March 1945, he was transferred to Alma-Ata with a promotion, and the future first colonel of state security of the Kustanai region K.I. Dmitriev was appointed to his post. Another personnel noteworthy: in 1944, a teacher from Vladimirovka, Zatobolsky district, Shevchenko V.T. was enrolled in the state security agencies. After graduating from the inter-regional school of the NKGB, he worked for a year as an operative of the counterintelligence department of the Kustanai department, then for five years as the head of the Taranovskiy regional district. After 10 years of service, he began to lead the department for the North Kazakhstan region. Later he headed the KGB of Tajikistan, Kazakhstan. He retired with 46 years of military service from the post of head of the Higher Courses of the KGB of the USSR with the rank of lieutenant general.

In April 1943, the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR decided to reorganize the Directorate of Special Departments of the NKVD into the Main Directorate of Counterintelligence of the People's Commissar of Defense "Death to Spies" ("Smersh"). Their main task is to fight against the subversive activities of foreign intelligence in units and institutions of the Soviet Army and Navy, against anti-Soviet elements, traitors and traitors, deserters and "self-shooters", creating a barrier line for enemy agents, filtering prisoners, as well as special tasks for NGOs. In total, 21 Kustanians served in the ranks of the heroic Smersh. Of these, Lieutenant Kravtsov G.M., awarded the star of the Hero of the Soviet Union (see the section "Heroes of the Soviet Union - Kustanai").

Throughout the years of the war, operational developments remained the main task of the security agencies. In the Kustanai region, the main ones can be distinguished: according to the Polish representation, headed by Romansky M.F. The case was opened in order to stop the wrecking work of foreigners, which was expressed in the collection of negative information, the distribution of anti-Soviet and religious literature, buying up gold, taking bribes, opening a prayer house, a school in Polish, violating the regime of movement, stealing gasoline, etc. As a result, it was completed by the fact that in November 1943, three through the checkpoint "Gaulan" of Turkmenistan were expelled from the USSR, others were sent to the Polish embassy in the city of Kuibyshev. Also, the operational development of the so-called "Printers" case against the Semiozernaya youth "Hunger and Poverty Group" of 17 people. and Kramer D.I., who was engaged in the production and distribution of negative leaflets. Together with the transport counterintelligence, an Abwehr agent B.A.N., a native of the Kustanai region, was developed, sent to the rear and detained during a shootout at the Kokchetav station.

A war on earth, especially a world war, is the most global catastrophe in the souls and lives of people. If you take a deeper look at it, even from the victorious side, it turns out that innumerable suffering was by no means less, if not more, than on the opposite side. But one thing is perhaps certain. This is how, through self-sacrifice and high professionalism, the contribution of the Soviet special services to the Victory over fascist Germany and then militaristic Japan was indisputable, contributed to the power of a multinational state, the growth of patriotism, pride in their staunch and heroic Motherland.

Note: when preparing the material, I used the documents of the Museum of the National Committee for National Security of the Kostanay region.

A.V. Karataev,

retired lieutenant colonel.

Kustanai land gave the world a unique personality - Bakarev Petr Ivanovich.

He was born on September 14, 1907 in Kustanai in the Wheel Rows. After graduating from the school, which today bears the name of Ibrai Altynsarin, Peter and his family left for the city of Sevastopol. In the ranks of the Red Army, he served from 1929 in parts of the railway regiment, then studied at the Leningrad Metallurgical Institute.

From the institute, he was again drafted into the Red Army, served as commander of the 14th railway regiment, then sent to study at the Military Transport Academy. After graduation, Bakarev P.I. served as regimental commissar in parts of the special railway corps, then head of the political department of the 5th railway brigade on the Far Eastern and Western borders of the USSR.

During the years of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45. Bakarev rose from regimental commissar to commander of the railway troops of the 2nd Belorussian Front with the rank of lieutenant general of the technical troops. The railway troops under the command of Bakarev distinguished themselves in the restoration of the railway facilities at the Kursk junction and the front-line sections of the Central Front, which ensured the success of the Soviet troops in the Battle of Kursk.

For the exemplary performance of the combat missions of the command and the initiative and resourcefulness, personal courage and valor P.I. Bakarev, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of November 5, 1943, was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. He was awarded two Orders of Lenin, two Orders of the Red Banner, three Orders of the Red Star, Orders of Kutuzov 1st Class and Orders of the Patriotic War 1st Class, and many medals.

In the postwar years, the brigade Bakareva P.I. restored domestic railway lines. During this period, he worked as chief engineer, deputy head of the country's railway troops. He defended the academic title of Candidate of Sciences, published a number of scientific papers that are still relevant today. With his participation, the Yuzhsib, the Abakan-Taishet, Ivdel-Ob, Tyumen-Surgut lines were built.

MEMORIES OF V.S. MAKOTCHENKO

(Zaplavny A. - FORMER DIRECTOR OF CHIMKENT METALLURGICAL COLLEGE)

“In Livanovka, Kamyshny district, Kustanai region, where Vasily Makotchenko grew up, there was only an incomplete secondary school, and teachers advised their best student to continue their studies. With a letter of commendation for the seven-year period, Vasily went to enter the mining and metallurgical college in the city of Chimkent.

Having completed the curriculum, educational, industrial and undergraduate practice, Makotchenko V. in June 1941 completed a course in the specialty of a metallurgist of heavy non-ferrous metals and on June 17 he defended his thesis at the State Examination Commission on the topic: “Design a workshop for reverberatory furnaces for melting oxidized concentrates at matte with a capacity of 50,000 tons of blister copper per year” with an “excellent” rating. Prepared to work at the enterprises of the metallurgical industry.

The war changed all plans. Vasily on the first day of the war wrote a statement: "Please send me to the front." In July he was drafted into the Red Army, spent three months in the training battalion of the 79th Infantry Reserve Regiment. Baptism of fire was accepted by the young commander of a mortar crew near Moscow as part of the 152nd separate rifle brigade. Then he fought in the south in the steppes of Kalmykia. On January 1, 1943, after stubborn and fierce battles, units of the Red Army entered the liberated Elista. And a week later, already near Rostov, Makotchenko was seriously wounded by four fragments.

The wound to the right hand was too serious. There was gas gangrene, as a result - amputation of the arm.

He wrote his first letter home after being wounded with his left hand. With his left hand, he signed the party card, which was handed to him in the hospital, and joined the ranks of the Communist Party Makotchenko V.S. in December 1942 on the front line.

…He was among the three who returned out of a hundred! Alive. But it was necessary to live in a new way, to part with the former specialty. At this extremely difficult time for Vasily, I received a letter from him, written with his left hand (unfortunately, it was lost during the crossings). I remember its content, it is engraved in my memory. Vasily wrote bitterly that his life is over, that without his right hand he will not be able to work as a metallurgist, and his personal life is unlikely to work out "... it is necessary to end this, but for now I will endure, I will wait for your advice - what to do ?! ".

Having received such a letter, I experienced, on the one hand, a feeling of joy that the guy was alive, and, on the other, a feeling of pain for an unfulfilled dream. Metallurgist is a male profession, moreover, it is equivalent to the profession of a sailor or pilot.

... I wrote a letter to Vasily, in which I advised, after being discharged from the hospital, to enter the Pedagogical Institute, to become a teacher. My arguments were honest and convincing. I am glad that my wishes came true, even more than I could have imagined.

In September 1943 Makotchenko V.S. was appointed director of the Livanov school and a history teacher.

In 1944 he entered, and in 1948 he graduated from the history department of the Magnitogorsk Pedagogical Institute. For ten years he was director at a secondary school, for more than eleven years at the Mendygarinsky Pedagogical School named after Ibray Altynsarin .... "

If we go beyond the lines of these memoirs, then it should be added that Vasily Semyonovich, due to the highest diligence and perseverance, achieved a lot: Doctor of Historical

Sciences, Professor, Honored Worker of Higher School Kaz. SSR, Excellence in Education of the USSR, participant of the XIII International Congress of Historical Sciences in Moscow. Honorary citizen of the city of Kostanay.

He was awarded the Order of Glory 3rd degree, the Order of the Patriotic War 1st degree, the Order of K?rmet, 15 medals, including medals named after I. Altynsarin and S. Vavilov.

Until the last days of his life, Doctor of Historical Sciences Makotchenko V.S. was inextricably linked with teaching activities at the Kustanai State Pedagogical Institute.

Heroes of the Soviet Union - Kustanai

In this chapter, the reader will find the names of those who received the highest degree of distinction for services to the state associated with the accomplishment of a heroic deed, who were either born on the territory of the Kostanay region, or are buried here, or were drafted into the Red Army from our places and died in battle with fascism.

The names of the 31st Hero of the Soviet Union and 9 Knights of the Order of Glory of three degrees - Kustanay people are immortalized on the territory of the Kostanay region.

BEDA Leonid Ignatievich(1920-1976) was born in the village of Novopokrovka, Uzunkol district. After graduating from the Ural Teachers' Institute in the fall of 1940, he was drafted into the Red Army and sent to the Chkalov Military Aviation Pilot School.

On the fronts of the Great Patriotic War since August 1942. Squadron commander of the 75th Guards Assault Aviation Regiment (1st Guards Assault Aviation Division, 8th Air Army, 4th Ukrainian Front), Senior Lieutenant Beda, was distinguished by high skill, exceptional bravery and courage, by April 1944 he had made 109 sorties to attack the fortifications and enemy troops. He received his first heroic star on October 26, 1944 for Sevastopol.

Fighting already as part of the 3rd Belorussian Front, for the next 105 sorties of the guard, Major Beda was awarded the second Gold Star medal on June 29, 1945.

During the war, he went from an ordinary pilot to an assistant regiment commander for airborne rifle service.

After the war, L.I. Beda graduated from the Air Force Academy and the General Staff Academy and continued to serve in the Armed Forces. The last position of the Honored Pilot of the USSR, Lieutenant General of Aviation Beda L.I. - Commander of the Air Force of the Red Banner Belarusian Military District.

A bronze bust was installed in Kustanai. An avenue in Minsk, streets in Kustanai, in the town of Lida, Grodno region, and a school in Kharkov are named after him.

PAVLOV Ivan Fomich(1922-1950) was born in with. Boris-Romanovka, Mendygarinsky district. He was drafted into the Red Army in 1940 and sent to the Chkalov Aviation Pilot School.

In the army since 1942. By October 1943, the commander of the 6th Guards Separate Assault Aviation Regiment (3rd Air Army, Kalinin Front), Senior Lieutenant Pavlov, made 127 sorties, shot down 3 enemy aircraft in air battles.

When the Kustanay people found out about this, they collected funds, purchased 4 attack aircraft and handed one of them to Pavlov. On its board was written: "To Pavlov - from the workers of the Kustanai region." On this machine, he made dozens of sorties. And in total, during the war, he accounted for 250 sorties to attack enemy targets.

After the war he continued military service, in 1949 he graduated from the Military Academy. M.V. Frunze, commanded an aviation regiment.

Buried in Moscow. Forever listed in the lists of the military unit. A bronze bust was erected in Kustanai, a street of this city was named after him.

ANISHCHENKO Alexander Mikhailovich(1916-1976) was born in with. Alykpash is now Karasu region. Before the war, the family moved to the Kirov region, from there he was drafted into the Red Army in January 1943 and sent to the front in March of the same year.

The commander of the mortar crew of the 209th Guards Rifle Regiment (73rd Guards Rifle Division, 7th Guards Army, Stepnoy Front), Sergeant Anishchenko, distinguished himself in battles in the area with. Borodaevka (Dnepropetrovsk region). On 9/26/43, using improvised means, he crossed the Dnieper and assisted the soldiers in capturing the bridgehead with fire. On October 5, the enemy once again, with the support of a large number of tanks and aircraft, rushed to the counterattack, a hail of bombs and shells hit the mortar crew of Anishchenko and his comrades. The mortar went out of order, then Anishchenko, with the surviving soldiers, joined the ranks of the advancing infantry, entered the fight against fascist tanks and destroyed one of them with a bottle of combustible mixture.

For courage, steadfastness and military prowess shown in battles on October 26, 1943, Anishchenko A.M. was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

After demobilization he lived and worked in Kirov.

AFANASIEV Vasily Safronovich(1923-1989) was born in the village. Zatobolsk, Kustanai region, from here he was drafted into the ranks of the Red Army.

At the front since June 1943. He fought near Voronezh, Kyiv, Ternopil, Przemysl, on the Sandomierz bridgehead, participated in the battle of Korsun-Shevchenko, fought hundreds of kilometers across Polish and German soil.

For the courage shown in holding the bridgehead on the western bank of the Oder River by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 10, 1945, the gun commander, senior sergeant of the 235th Guards Anti-Tank Artillery Przemysl Orders of Lenin, Alexander Nevsky, Bogdan Khmelnitsky Regiment Afanasyev V.S. awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

After the war, he returned to the city of Kustanai, served in the bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

The memorial plaque is installed on a house in the regional center on the street. Al-Farabi, 92.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

Baimagambetov Sultan Birzhanovich(1920-1943) was born in the village of Koyandy-Agash, Semiozerny district. He was drafted into the Red Army in 1940.

At war since its first days. Commander of the machine gun section of the 147th Infantry Regiment (43rd Infantry Division, 67th Army, Leningrad Front). In hot battles in the area of ​​​​the village of Sinyavino (Kirov district of the Leningrad region) on July 25, 1943, the advance of the soldiers was stopped by machine gun fire from an enemy bunker. The fate of the battle was in the hands of the Sultan, a brave warrior crawled up to the firing point and threw grenades at it, but the machine gun did not stop. Then he closed the embrasure with his chest.

He was buried in a mass grave in the village of Sinyavino. A state farm, a school in the Semiozerny (now Auliekolsky) district, a street in Kostanay are named after the Hero. The bust of the Hero is installed in his native village. Sultan Baimagambetov is forever enrolled in the lists of the military unit.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

BELANDRA Vasily Yakovlevich(1914-1967) was born in with. Dosovka, Denisovsky district. Since 1930 he lived in the village. Boroldoy, Keminsky District, Kirghiz SSR.

In the Red Army since August 1941 and a month later he was sent to the front. He graduated from the courses of junior lieutenants. On the night of September 22, 1943, the platoon commander of the motorized rifle battalion of the 23rd Guards Motorized Rifle Brigade (7th Guards Tank Corps, 3rd Guards Tank Army, Voronezh Front), Guards Junior Lieutenant Belyandra crossed the Dnieper, captured the village. Trakhtemirov (Kanevsky district of the Kyiv region) and entrenched in the bridgehead. For 2 days, the platoon repelled 7 enemy counterattacks.

By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of November 17, 1943 Belandre V.Ya. awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

After the war he returned to Boroldoy, where he worked as a machine operator.

Streets in the village of Bystrovka and with. Borolda of the Kirghiz SSR. His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

BOLTAEV Georgy Semenovich(1914-1980) was born in Kustanai. Before the war, the family moved to the city of Semipalatinsk, from there he was drafted into the Red Army. In 1944 he graduated from the Tambov Military Infantry School and was sent to the front.

The commander of a company of submachine gunners of the 172nd Guards Rifle Regiment (57th Guards Rifle Division, 8th Guards Army, 1st Belorussian Front), Captain Boltaev, distinguished himself when breaking through the enemy defenses on the left bank of the Oder and during the capture of Zelow (Germany) .

After the war, Georgy Semenovich lived and worked in the city of Grozny, Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

VOLOSHIN Mikhail Evstafievich(1920-1944) was born in the village of Budennovka, Dzhetygarinsky district. Before the war, he lived in the Chesminsky district of the Chelyabinsk region, from where he was drafted into the Red Army in 1939. In the army since the first days of the war.

In 1942 he graduated from the Smolensk Infantry School. The battalion of the 234th Infantry Regiment (179th Infantry Division, 43rd Army, 1st Baltic Front), commanded by Major Voloshin, broke through the enemy defenses in June 1944, captured the village of Shumilovo and the Sirotino railway station (Vitebsk region) , crossed the Western Dvina and seized a bridgehead.

Voloshin M.E. died in the battle for the city of Birzhai (Lithuanian SSR), where he was buried. A street and a school in the village are named after the Hero. Chesma of the Chelyabinsk region, a pioneer squad of a boarding school in the city of Birzhai.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

GROMOV Ivan Ivanovich(1917-2003) was born in Kustanai, in 1937 he entered the Sverdlovsk Infantry School, after graduating he trained personnel for the Red Army.

On the fronts of the Great Patriotic War since February 1943. Commander of the 3rd Guards Airborne Regiment (1st Guards Airborne Division, 53rd Army, 2nd Ukrainian Front) Guards Major Gromov on the night of 11/5/44 during a breakthrough enemy defense in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe settlement Tisaselles (Hungary) skillfully organized the actions of the regiment, which, having overcome the stubborn resistance of the enemy, was the first to successfully cross the river. Tisza, captured a bridgehead on the west bank and held it.

For the successful leadership of the regiment's combat operations and the courage shown at the same time, Gromov I.I. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 24, 1945, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

After the war he continued his military service. In 1949 he graduated from the Military Academy. M.V. Frunze, and in 1956 - the Academy of the General Staff. His last post was chief of staff of the airborne troops. Lieutenant general.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

GRUSHKO Vasily Semyonovich(1923-1979) was born in with. Cheerful Podol Uritsky district. Before the war, the family moved to the South Kazakhstan region.

He was drafted into the ranks of the Red Army at the end of 1942, at the front - from April 1943. The reconnaissance gunner of the foot reconnaissance platoon of the 212th Guards Rifle Regiment (75th Guards Rifle Division, 60th Army, Central Front) of the Guard, Private Grushko, on the night of September 23, 1943, as part of a reconnaissance group, crossed the Dnieper north of Kiev. The reconnaissance group delivered the most valuable data on the deployment of enemy units in the area of ​​​​the villages of Kazarovichi and Glebovka (Kyiv region).

In 1944 he was demobilized due to a wound, he lived and worked in the city of Dzhambul, the last place of work was the head of the forest protection station.

A memorial plaque was installed on the house where the Hero lived.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

ZHURBA Ivan Makarovich(1915-1962) was born in with. Beloyarovka is now the Vishnevsky rural district of the Fedorovsky district. Before the war, the family moved to Kyzyl-Orda. In the ranks of the Red Army since December 1941.

In 1943 he graduated from KUOS. The commander of the rifle company of the 23rd Guards Motorized Rifle Brigade (7th Guards Tank Corps, 3rd Guards Tank Army, 1st Ukrainian Front), Guards Junior Lieutenant Zhurba, showed exceptional courage and heroism in the battles for the Dnieper and the liberation of Kyiv. 11/4-5/1943 with a company of soldiers broke through the enemy defenses, broke into the village. Svyatoshino (now within the boundaries of Kyiv) and cut the Kyiv-Zhitomir highway behind enemy lines, held the position until the main forces approached.

After the war, he was transferred to the reserve, worked in the city of Kyzyl-Orda.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

ISCHANOV Istay(1906-1944) was born in village No. 3 of the Dzhetygarinsky district. Before the war, he worked as a livestock specialist in the Amankaragai state farm of the Semiozerny district. He was drafted into the Red Army in June 1941, at the front from June 1942.

The gun number of the 206th Guards Light Artillery Regiment (3rd Guards Light Artillery Brigade, 1st Guards Artillery Division, 60th Army, Voronezh Front) Guards Junior Sergeant Ishchanov distinguished himself in battles on the right bank of the Dnieper. 10/6/43 at the village. Medvin (Chernobyl district, Kyiv region), he participated in repelling numerous enemy counterattacks, the crew destroyed 3 tanks, 7 vehicles with ammunition, Ishchanov was wounded in this battle, but remained in service.

Ishchanov died in the hospital on September 1, 1944. He was buried at the cemetery of Soviet soldiers in Sandomierz (Poland).

In Dzhetygar (now Zhitikara) a monument was erected to the Hero, a street of this city was named after him.

KIRPICHENKO Ivan Platonovich(1925-2004) was born in with. Resurrection on the territory of the present Uzunkol district. In the Red Army and at the front since 1943.

The commander of the submachine gunners' section of the 164th tank brigade (16th tank corps, 2nd tank army, 2nd Ukrainian front) junior sergeant Kirpichenko 28-31.01.44 in the battles near the village. Oratov (Vinnitsa region) with his department steadfastly held his position. The young commander also showed heroism and courage when he captured the crossing over the Gorny Tikich River near the village of Buki (Cherkasy Region) and held it until the main forces approached.

In 1945 he graduated from the courses of junior lieutenants. After being transferred to the reserve, he worked in the bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, lived in Samarkand.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

KRAVTSOV Grigory Mikhailovich(1922-1945) was born in with. Starozhilovka, Fedorovsky district. In the Red Army since September 1941. He graduated from the military aviation school of pilots in Omsk, and then the military-political school.

In the battles of the Great Patriotic War since July 1943. On January 14, 1945, Lieutenant Kravtsov, officer of the Smersh counterintelligence department of the 134th Infantry Division (69th Army, 1st Belorussian Front), in the battles near the village of Kokhanuv (west of the city of Pulawy, Poland) replaced the company commander who was out of action, skillfully led the battle during the breakthrough of enemy defenses on the left bank of the Vistula. Died in this battle.

The name of the Hero is given to the native village, the street, the pioneer team and the House of Pioneers in the village. Fedorovka. In Kostanay on the building on the street. Gogol, 77 installed a memorial plaque.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of the regional center.

Nadezhdin Petr Filippovich(1921-1944) was born in with. Novotroitskoye, Karabalyksky district. He graduated from the 2nd course of the medical assistant-obstetric school in Magnitogorsk and was drafted into the Red Army. In 1942 he graduated from the Chkalovsky military aviation school and was immediately sent to the front.

The flight commander of the 807th Navigational Aviation Regiment (206th Navigational Aviation Division, 7th Navigational Aviation Corps, 8th Air Army, 4th Ukrainian Front), Lieutenant Nadezhdin, by April 1944, made 107 sorties. On April 26, 1944, during an attack on artillery positions in the Sevastopol area, Nadezhdin's plane was shot down, the pilot directed his burning car to enemy positions, to a cluster of enemy equipment. It was the last flight, the flight to immortality.

In Magnitogorsk, a street is named after him, and a memorial plaque is installed on the building of the medical school.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

Nelyubov Vasily Grigorievich(1914-1945) was born in with. Novonezhinka Semiozerny district. In 1930 the family moved to the Stavropol Territory. At the front since July 1941. In 1944 he graduated from the Kamyshin Tank School. The tank commander of the 242nd Tank Brigade (31st Tank Corps, 1st Ukrainian Front), Junior Lieutenant Nelyubov, when breaking through the enemy defenses north of the city of Ratibor (Ratsibuzh, Poland) on 16.3.45, was among the first to break into the village. Autishkau, destroyed 2 assault and 2 anti-tank guns. On 18.3.45, on the outskirts of Leobshütz, when the enemy brought 8 heavy tanks into battle, he rammed the lead vehicle. Died in this battle.

Buried in the village Schönbrunn. Forever enrolled in the lists of the military unit.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

NECHIPURENKO Sergei Vasilievich(1910-1943) was born in with. Lukyanovka Semiozerny district. Before the war, the family moved to Kharkov (Ukraine). In the Red Army and at the front since 1941.

The commander of the detachment of the 78th Guards Rifle Regiment (25th Guards Rifle Division, 6th Army, South-Western Front) of the Guard Sergeant Nechipurenko, as part of a platoon, participated in repelling attacks of superior enemy forces at a railway crossing near the village. Taranovka in his native Kharkov region. The platoon held its ground, destroying 11 tanks and armored personnel carriers, Sergei Nechipurenko died in this battle.

He was buried in a mass grave in Taranovka (Kharkiv region). Forever enrolled in the lists of the military unit.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

OGNEV Pavel Egorovich(1911-1985) was born in with. Borovoe, Mendygarinsky district. From 1928 to 1940 he worked at a mine in the city of Kopeysk, Chelyabinsk region.

In the army since 1942. The company commander of the 794th Infantry Regiment (232nd Infantry Division, 40th Army, 2nd Ukrainian Front), Junior Lieutenant Ognev, with his company on 15.3.44, showed courage and heroism in the battles for the approaches to the Southern Bug River and its forcing. On March 26, 1944, Ognev's company was among the first to cross the Prut River near the city of Suceava (Romania).

After the war, Ognev lived and worked in Kharkov.

In the city of Kopeysk, Chelyabinsk Region, a street was named after him, and a memorial plaque was installed on the building of the city military registration and enlistment office.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

SYANOV Ilya Yakovlevich(1905-1988) was born in with. Semiozernoe district of the same name. Before the war, he worked as an economist-planner in the Kustanai Regional Executive Committee.

In the army since May 1942 in the ranks of the 151st separate rifle brigade. The young warrior especially remembered the battles near Staraya Russa, in the Baltic. In January 1945, Ilya Syanov took part in the battles on the territory of Poland, in crossing the Vistula, Oder. The most impressive day of the war for Ilya Syanov was April 16, 1945, when Soviet troops launched the Berlin operation. On April 29, Senior Sergeant Syanov replaced the wounded company commander Captain Guselnikov, stormed the Reichstag at the head of the company and fought in it until the end of the day on May 1, 1945.

By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 15, 1946, Syanov I.Ya. awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

After demobilization, he lived and worked in the city of Sochi, Krasnodar Territory.

His name was given to a street in Kostanay, a pioneer squad of school No. 13 in Sochi.

In Kostanay on the house on the street. Embankment, 49 a memorial plaque was installed.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in Victory Park.

TEMIRBAYEV Seytkhan Nurmukhanbetovich(1922-1983) was born in the village of Kyzylzhar, Taranovsky district. He worked as an accountant, was drafted into the Red Army in 1941, and went to the front in May 1942. In 1943 he graduated from the courses of junior lieutenants. He took part in the battles for Stalingrad, for the liberation of Donbass, the Nikolaev and Odessa regions, and Moldova. Company commander of the 990th Rifle Regiment (230th Rifle Division, 5th Shock Army, 1st Belorussian Front), Captain Temirbaev, distinguished himself in the battles for Berlin, on April 25, his company crossed the Landwehr Canal in the center of Berlin and provided regiment advance.

In 1947, after demobilization, he returned to his homeland, worked for a long time in the Kustanayenergo system. In 1975 he was awarded the title of "Honorary Citizen of the city of Kustanai".

In the regional center, a memorial plaque was installed on the house at 69 Tolstoy Street, where the Hero lived.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

CHIGADAEV Petr Vasilievich(1923-1982) was born at st. Buskul, Karabalyk region. He was drafted into the ranks of the Red Army in 1942, and in the active army since December of the same year. On the Kalinin front, at first he was an ordinary shooter, then a scout. He liberated Ukraine and Moldova as a commander of a self-propelled unit, and had a chance to participate in the liberation of Romania, Hungary, and Austria.

On August 27, 1944, junior sergeant Chigadaev distinguished himself in the battle for the city of Tikuchi (Romania), under heavy fire, he pulled forward in his self-propelled guns and ensured the capture of the bridge over the Seret River, preventing the enemy from blowing it up.

After the war, Chigadaev lived and worked in the village. Borovskoye, Kustanai region.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

AMELICHKIN Sergey Georgievich(1919-1981) was born in the village. Ilyinka, Kurgan region. In 1935 his parents moved to Kazakhstan. Drafted into the ranks of the Red Army by the Ubagan district military commissariat.

In the battles of the Great Patriotic War since 1943, a tank driver of the 1454th self-propelled artillery regiment (11th Guards Tank Corps, 1st Guards Tank Army, 1st Belorussian Front).

For courage and heroism shown during the crossing of the Pilica River (Poland), by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 27, 1945, Amelichkin S.G. awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

After the war, he lived and worked at the Lermontov state farm in the Uritsky district of the Kustanai region.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

VYCHUZHANIN Nikolai Alekseevich(1919-1964) was born in the village. Ashkeldino, Gorky region. He was drafted into the ranks of the Red Army in 1939, at the front - since 1942. The commander of the machine-gun platoon of the 118th Guards Rifle Regiment (37th Guards Rifle Division, 65th Army, Belorussian Front), Second Lieutenant Vychuzhanin, with a platoon, crossed the Dnieper near the village of Starodubka (Gomel Region) on 10/21/43. The platoon successfully covered the regiment's crossing with machine-gun fire and participated in repulsing many enemy counterattacks.

After the war, he was demobilized, worked in the Kaluga region, in recent years he lived and worked in the village. Adaevka, Kamyshny district, Kustanai region.

In the village of Tonkino, Gorky region, a street was named after the Hero, and a memorial plaque was installed on the building of the Selkhoztekhnika regional department.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

GALIN Mikhail Petrovich(1918-1998) was born in with. Beloyarskoye, Shchuchansky district, Kurgan region. In the ranks of the Red Army since 1939, at the front - since October 1941. In 1942 he graduated from the courses of junior lieutenants. The machine-gun company of the 2nd motorized rifle battalion of the 17th Guards Mechanized Brigade (6th Guards Mechanized Corps, 4th Guards Tank Army, 1st Ukrainian Front) under the command of Captain Galin's guard in April 1945, during the attack on Potsdam, provided fire support departments. In the battles for the city, she suppressed 5 enemy firing points, captured an anti-aircraft gun. In this battle, Galin was seriously wounded and sent to the hospital.

After the war, he was transferred to the reserve. He came to Rudny, worked for over 15 years as an assistant locomotive driver of the Zhelezobetonstroydetal trust.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

GOLOVCHENKO Vasily Evstafievich(1921-1990) was born in the city of Zaisan, East Kazakhstan region. In the Red Army since 1940. In 1941 he graduated from the Alma-Ata military school, from November of the same year - at the front.

The battalion commander of the 1134th Rifle Regiment (338th Rifle Division, 39th Army, 3rd Belorussian Front), Major Golovchenko, with one of the battalion companies on 9.10.44, was the first in the division to cross the river. Neman in the area of ​​the city of Jurbarkas (Lithuanian SSR), repelled several enemy counterattacks and ensured the retention of the bridgehead until the main forces of the regiment crossed.

After the war, he worked as a military commissar of the Kustanai region. Since 1967, Colonel Golovchenko - in the reserve, worked as the head of the regional State hunting inspection of the Kustanai region.

The memorial plaque was installed in Kostanay on the house on the street. Kozybaeva, 98.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of the regional center.

KARACHEV Mikhail Vasilievich(1907-1958) was born in the village. Umetgurt of the Udmurt ASSR. Before the war, he worked in logging in the Krasnoyarsk Territory.

In the battles of the Great Patriotic War since March 1942. The senior reconnaissance observer of the 212th Guards Mortar Battalion of the 22nd Guards Mortar Regiment (6th Guards Army, 1st Baltic Front) of the guard, reconnaissance officer Karachev, when crossing the Western Dvina River, was the first to cross to the opposite bank, established radio contact with the division, conducted reconnaissance and transmitted the coordinates of the targets, causing the fire of their mortars. In this battle, he was wounded, but remained in the ranks.

After the war, Mikhail Vasilyevich lived and worked in the Arakaragay forestry enterprise of the Kustanai region.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of the regional center.

MAKEROV Leonid Nikolaevich(1922-1954) was born in the village. Komlevo is now the Lebyazhsky district of the Kirov region. In the Red Army since 1940. In 1941 he graduated from the Voroshilovgrad Aviation Pilot School.

In the army since August 1942. He fought on the Western, Leningrad and 1st Belorussian fronts.

During the period from August 20, 1942 to February 15, 1945, he made 133 successful sorties. As a result of bold assault strikes in a group with other crews, he destroyed a large number of enemy equipment, enemy manpower.

For the exemplary performance of the combat missions of the command and the courage and heroism shown at the same time, Makerov L.N. On April 19, 1945 he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

After the war he lived and worked in Kustanai.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of the regional center.

PARADOVICH Alexander Iosifovich(1920-2001) was born at st. Buryatskaya Mogochinsky district of the Chita region. In the Red Army since April 1941, and in the current one since November of the same year.

Assistant platoon commander of the 41st Guards Separate Reconnaissance Company (39th Guards Rifle Division, 8th Guards Army, 3rd Ukrainian Front) Guards Sergeant Paradovich, together with the landing group on October 23, 1943, under continuous enemy fire, crossed the Dnieper south of Dnepropetrovsk , was the first to rush to the wire barriers, made a passage for the rest, secured the capture of the bridgehead.

After the war, he graduated from the Alma-Ata Higher Party School, for many years he lived and worked in Kustanai as a deputy. manager of the passenger auto trust.

A square in Kostanay is named after him. At the house on st. Baimagambetova, 162, where Paradovich A.I. lived, a memorial plaque was installed.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

RODIONOV Petr Zinovievich(1923-1978) was born in with. Kadyshevo Tatar ASSR. In the Red Army and at the front since 1942.

On the night of October 9, 1944, the senior reconnaissance officer of the battery of the 254th mortar regiment (27th mortar battery, 5th Guards Artillery Breakthrough Division, 2nd Ukrainian Front), sergeant Rodionov, on the night of 10.09. Elles (Hungary), crawled to the first trench and threw grenades at it. From the beginning of the battle, he detected enemy firing points and transmitted their coordinates, then corrected the fire of the battery, which ensured the crossing of the river by rifle units.

After the war, he lived and worked as a teacher in a secondary school with. Tastinskoe, Amantogai district, Turgai region.

The name of the Hero is named street with. Tastinskoe.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

KHACHIN Egor Andreevich (1915-1978) was born in the village. Kananikolskoye Bashkir ASSR. In 1937 he was drafted into the Red Army, in 1939-40 he participated in the Soviet-Finnish war.

In the Great Patriotic War since August 1942. The gunner of a separate anti-tank battalion of the 149th separate rifle brigade (62nd Army, Stalingrad Front), senior sergeant Khachin, distinguished himself in the battles for Stalingrad. On 10/13/42, repelling an enemy counterattack in the Zavodskoy district of the city, he knocked out 2 tanks. Left alone at the gun, he disabled 2 more tanks with direct fire. When the gun was broken, he led a group of fighters and held the occupied line for several hours.

In 1945 he was demobilized, worked in the forestry of Bashkiria. In 1971 he moved to Dzhetygaru, worked at an asbestos plant.

He was buried in the city of Dzhetygara (now Zhitikara). The name of the Hero is Kananikolskaya secondary school (Bashkiria).

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

Not born in the region, but called from us and died at the front

SOBKO Maxim Ilyich(1908-1944) was born in with. Bobrovka is now the Troitsky district of the Chelyabinsk region. Before the war, the family moved to the Uritsky district of the Kustanai region. He was drafted into the ranks of the Red Army by the Uritsky district military commissariat.

In the army since July 1942. The commander of the 180th separate sapper battalion (167th rifle division, 38th army, Voronezh front) junior sergeant Sobko during the crossing of the Dnieper in the area of ​​the village. Vyshgorod (Kyiv region) at the end of September 1943 crossed on a boat to the right bank and pulled a rope for a ferry crossing. When the ferry was broken on one of the flights and 2 guns sank, he dived, hooked one of the guns with a rope and, together with the crew, pulled him ashore.

Killed in action May 23, 1944. Buried in the village Kosiv, Chertkovsky district, Ternopil region.

In the city of Troitsk, Chelyabinsk region and Sarykolsky district, Kostanay region, busts of the Hero were erected.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

CAVALIERS OF THE ORDER OF GLORY - KOSTANAY

Born in the region

DARMENOV Armesh(1922-2002) was born in with. Zhaltyrsha Presnogorkovsky (now Uzunkolsky) district. In December 1941 he was drafted into the Red Army.

He received a baptism of fire on the outskirts of Leningrad in January 1942, for these battles Darmenov was awarded the Order of Glory III degree.

For the feat during the liberation of Mogilev, he was awarded the Order of Glory II degree.

For the capture of 25 Nazi soldiers, Amresh Darmenov was awarded the Order of Glory, 1st class.

After the war, the Cavalier of the Order of Glory of three degrees returned to his native land and again became a peaceful worker.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

MIKHAILENKO Nikolai Leontievich(1918-1988) was born in the village. Karakop, Fedorovsky district. Before the war, he worked as a machine operator at the Fedorovsky grain farm.

In July 1941, he was called up for war and sent to the city of Akmolinsk (later Tselinograd) to the 310th Infantry Division formed there, where he fought for Leningrad. Then the fighting on the Leningrad, Karelian, 3rd Baltic and 2nd Belorussian fronts, participation in the liberation of Poland.

For heroic deeds on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, Mikhailenko N.L. was awarded the Order of Glory of three degrees.

After the war, he returned to his native land, worked in the Fedorovsky district, and since 1968 - in the village of Borovskoye (now the territory of the Mendykarinsky district).

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

POLEHOV Philip Romanovich(1910-1980) was born in with. Pine of the Mendygarinsky district. In August 1941, he was drafted into the Red Army and sent to Akmolinsk, where the 310th Rifle Division was being formed. The unit was sent to defend Leningrad.

He especially distinguished himself on February 6, 1944 in fierce battles for the village of Velyasheva Gora. The brave artilleryman, left alone at the gun, held the line for five hours. For heroism, courage and courage shown in battles, Polekhov F.R. during the war years he was awarded the Order of Glory of three degrees.

After the war, he lived and worked in the city of Troitsk, Chelyabinsk region.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

PIPCHUK Vasily Ivanovich (1924-1995)

Born in the village Asenkritovka Taranovsky district. In August 1942 he was drafted into the Red Army, from the same year in the army as part of the 27th separate reconnaissance company of the 53rd rifle division.

More than once he had to participate in sorties behind enemy lines. He brought "tongues", had a chance to force many water barriers: the Dnieper, Dniester, Danube, participated in the battles for the liberation of Ukraine, Romania, Hungary. The feat of arms of the soldier was awarded the Order of Glory of three degrees.

After the war Pipchuk V.I. lived and worked in Ryazan.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

They were not born in the region, they came to the region after the war, they lived, worked and were buried here

KISELYOV Nikolay Ivanovich (1924-1980)

Born in with. Novelties of the Kalinin region. In August 1942 he was drafted into the Red Army. He fought on the Central, 1st and 4th Ukrainian fronts as a sapper.

For the battles on the Kursk Bulge, Kiselev was awarded the Order of Glory III degree, for crossing the Dnieper he was awarded the Order of Glory II degree, and for the liberation of Prague Kiselev received the Order of Glory I degree.

From 1958 until the last day of his life he lived and worked as the chief mine surveyor of the Sokolovsky mine administration in the city of Rudny, Kustanai region.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

KLIMENKO Grigory Efimovich(1910-1978) was born in the Kanevsky district of the Cherkasy region. Before the war he graduated from the Agricultural Institute.

At the front from the first days of the war. Since 1942, during the year, Klimenko carried out a special task of command behind enemy lines. With fights passed Ukraine, Poland, Czechoslovakia.

For courage and heroism, Klimenko was awarded the Order of Glory of three degrees.

In November 1945, G.E. Klimenko returned to his native land and began working as an agronomist-beet grower in the Korsun-Shevchenko MTS.

During the years of developing virgin lands, he came to the Kustanai region, worked as an agronomist at the Sholaksay MTS, a teacher of labor training in a secondary school and a vocational school with. Dokuchaevka, Naurzumsky district.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

NAUMENKO Vasily Dmitrievich(1917-1981) was born in the village. Novo-Troitsk, Volnovakhsky district, Donetsk region. At the front since September 1943. He fought in the 91st Guards Regiment, first as an ordinary machine gunner, then as a platoon commander.

For battles on the Molochnaya River (Ukraine) he was awarded the Order of Glory III degree. For courage shown in the battles for Sevastopol, he was awarded the Order of Glory II degree, and for the battles in Lithuania near the Shushva River, Naumenko was awarded the Order of Glory I degree.

After the war, he lived and worked in the Fedorovsky district of the Kustanai region.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

PEVEN Alexey Ilyich(1919-1969) was born in the village. Bugrimovka, Chistoozersky district, Novosibirsk region.

He fought in the 837th Infantry Regiment of the 238th Infantry Division on the Kalinin, Western, 2nd Belorussian fronts. For the battles near Gomel he was awarded the Order of Glory of the III degree, for the Polish city of Knyshin he received the Order of Glory of the II degree. Peven earned the Order of Glory, 1st class, for battles in East Prussia. The war ended on the Elbe River.

After the war, he lived and worked at the Suvorovsky state farm in the Leninsky (now Uzunkol) district of the Kustanai region.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

YAROVOY Mikhail Savvich(1925-2008) was born in with. Sadki, Mogilev-Podolsky district, Vinnitsa region. In the Red Army since March 1944, sent to the 285th Infantry Regiment of the 93rd Infantry Division. During the Iasi-Chisinau operation, the machine gunner Yarovaya, with his own crew, destroyed two vehicles with enemy manpower, which contributed to the successful advance of the company. For this battle, he received the Order of Glory III degree.

For battles in Hungary, he was awarded the Order of Glory II degree. The Yarovaya machine gunner also distinguished himself in battles on the territory of Austria. Here, with his machine-gun squad, he captured oil rigs and held them until the arrival of the main forces. For this fight, he was awarded the Order of Glory, 1st class.

In 1954 Yarovoy M.S. came to the virgin lands in the Kustanai region. For almost 30 years he worked as a machine operator in the fields of the Mendygarinsky district. For selfless work, he was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. The last years of his life he lived and worked in Kostanay.

His name is on the Alley of Heroes in the Victory Park of Kostanay.

Kostanay residents are proud and honor the names of those who, by their birth, conscription to the front and burial, are not connected with our region, but lived here for some period of their lives. These are the Heroes of the Soviet Union:

Kulikov Nikolai Alekseevich,

Protopopov Ivan Ivanovich

Rusanov Mikhail Gavrilovich,

Salnikov Mikhail Stepanovich,

Formation: Disbandment (transformation):

September 1943

Successor:

151st Rifle Brigade (151 sbr listen)) - a military unit of the USSR that took part in the Great Patriotic War.
It was part of the Active Army from May 7, 1942 to January 27, 1943 and from February 25 to September 12, 1943.

Story

The brigade was formed in Kustanai by order of the Supreme High Command on December 21, 1941. On April 27-29, 1942, she left the city in six echelons at the disposal of the North-Western Front. On May 7, personnel were unloaded at the Valdai station. On May 14, the brigade, having made a 180-kilometer march along washed out and beaten roads, concentrated on the line of Pola-Borki-Berezovka.

In September 1943, the brigade was reorganized into the 150th Rifle Division (3rd Formation).

Subordination

the date	Front	Army	Frame
01.04.1942	Ural Military District	-	-
01.05.1942	Reserve Rates SGK	-	-
01.06.1942	Northwestern Front	11th Army	-
01.07.1942	Northwestern Front	11th Army	-
01.08.1942	Northwestern Front	11th Army	-
01.09.1942	Northwestern Front	-	-
01.10.1942	Northwestern Front	34th Army	-
01.11.1942	Northwestern Front	11th Army	-
01.12.1942	Northwestern Front	11th Army	-
01.01.1943	Northwestern Front	11th Army	-
01.02.1943	Northwestern Front	27th Army	-
01.03.1943	Northwestern Front	34th Army	12th Guards Rifle Corps
01.04.1943	Northwestern Front	34th Army	12th Guards Rifle Corps
01.05.1943	Northwestern Front	34th Army	12th Guards Rifle Corps
01.06.1943	Northwestern Front	34th Army	-
01.07.1943	Northwestern Front	34th Army	-
01.08.1943	Northwestern Front	34th Army	-
01.09.1943	Northwestern Front	34th Army	-

commanders

• Yakovlev Leonid Vasilyevich (December 1941 - September 1943), major.

Write a review on the article "151st Infantry Brigade"

Notes

An excerpt characterizing the 151st Rifle Brigade

Pierre wanted to be where these smokes were, these shiny bayonets and cannons, this movement, these sounds. He looked back at Kutuzov and at his retinue in order to check his impression with others. Everyone was exactly the same as he was, and, as it seemed to him, they looked forward to the battlefield with the same feeling. All faces now shone with that hidden warmth (chaleur latente) of feeling that Pierre noticed yesterday and which he fully understood after his conversation with Prince Andrei.
“Go, my dear, go, Christ is with you,” said Kutuzov, without taking his eyes off the battlefield, to the general standing next to him.
Having listened to the order, this general walked past Pierre, to the exit from the mound.
- To the crossing! - the general said coldly and sternly in response to the question of one of the staff, where he was going. “And I, and I,” thought Pierre and went in the direction of the general.
The general mounted a horse, which was given to him by a Cossack. Pierre went up to his bereytor, who was holding the horses. Asking which one was quieter, Pierre mounted the horse, grabbed the mane, pressed the heels of his twisted legs against the horse’s stomach, and, feeling that his glasses were falling off and that he was unable to take his hands off the mane and reins, he galloped after the general, arousing the smiles of the staff, from the barrow looking at him.

The general, behind whom Pierre rode, went downhill, turned sharply to the left, and Pierre, losing sight of him, jumped into the ranks of the infantry soldiers walking ahead of him. He tried to get out of them first to the right, then to the left; but everywhere there were soldiers, with equally preoccupied faces, busy with some invisible, but obviously important business. Everyone was looking with the same dissatisfied questioning look at this fat man in a white hat, for some unknown reason, trampling them with his horse.
- Why does he ride in the middle of the battalion! one shouted at him. Another pushed his horse with the butt, and Pierre, clinging to the pommel and barely holding the shy horse, jumped forward the soldier, where it was more spacious.
There was a bridge ahead of him, and other soldiers were standing by the bridge, firing. Pierre rode up to them. Without knowing it himself, Pierre drove to the bridge over the Kolocha, which was between Gorki and Borodino and which, in the first action of the battle (taking Borodino), was attacked by the French. Pierre saw that there was a bridge ahead of him, and that on both sides of the bridge and in the meadow, in those rows of hay that he noticed yesterday, soldiers were doing something in the smoke; but, in spite of the incessant shooting that took place in this place, he did not think that this was the battlefield. He did not hear the sounds of bullets squealing from all sides, and the shells flying over him, did not see the enemy who was on the other side of the river, and for a long time did not see the dead and wounded, although many fell not far from him. With a smile that never left his face, he looked around him.
- What does this one drive in front of the line? Someone shouted at him again.
“Take the left, take the right,” they shouted to him. Pierre took to the right and unexpectedly moved in with the adjutant of General Raevsky, whom he knew. This adjutant looked angrily at Pierre, obviously intending to shout at him too, but, recognizing him, nodded his head to him.
– How are you here? he said and rode on.
Pierre, feeling out of place and idle, afraid to interfere with someone again, galloped after the adjutant.
- It's here, right? May I come with you? he asked.
“Now, now,” the adjutant answered and, jumping up to the fat colonel who was standing in the meadow, handed something to him and then turned to Pierre.
“Why did you come here, Count?” he told him with a smile. Are you all curious?

KOSTANAY - BERLIN

On December 21, 1941, by order of the Supreme High Command in the city of Kustanai, they began to form the 151st separate rifle brigade.

The beginning of the way

Major Yakovlev Leonid Vasilyevich was appointed commander of the brigade. At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, L. V. Yakovlev commanded the 169th Infantry Regiment of the 86th Infantry Division, which participated in the battles for Leningrad. As part of the brigade, four rifle battalions, an artillery battalion, an anti-tank artillery battalion, a mine battalion, a reconnaissance company, a company of machine gunners, a sapper company, a medical troop, an auto company, and a communications battalion were formed.

Forming such a huge connection in our city was not an easy task. Nevertheless, given the importance of the task, the city leadership allocated premises for the barracks, provided the necessary property and equipment. The formation of the brigade was under the constant control of the Ural Military District and directly the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command. On March 5, 1942, combat training of personnel from purely civilian workers began. On April 26, 1942, after the end of combat training, a rally was held on the city square (near the Palace of Pioneers) dedicated to the departure of the brigade to the front, at which the workers of the city handed the banner of the regional executive committee to the brigade with an order to bring it to victory.

On April 27-29, 1942, the 151st Rifle Division left the city in six echelons at the disposal of the North-Western Front. On May 7, personnel were unloaded at the Valdai station. And on May 14, the brigade made a 180-kilometer march along blurred and beaten roads and concentrated on the line of Pola-Borki-Berezovka.

night bomber

On June 8, 1942, the 151st brigade received its first baptism of fire. The enemy shelled the command post area with artillery fire, the first dead and wounded appeared. The battles were fought both defensive and offensive. During the stay of the connection in the area of ​​the lake. Suchan and fighting, the brigade fighters suppressed and destroyed 15 mortar and artillery batteries, 15 firing points, 8 vehicles, one headquarters and a fuel depot, killed and wounded 1200 enemy soldiers and officers, two prisoners. In the dugouts of the enemy, a large amount of stolen property from the population was found - sheepskin coats, women's dresses, children's shoes, blankets, sewing machines. In one of the dugouts, the corpse of the brutally tortured Red Army soldier IN Antonov from the Tambov region was found. In addition to the fighting in the brigade's area, U-2 planes operated every night, they were nicknamed HNB (cunning night bomber), which dropped their deadly cargo on the Germans, and which they were terribly afraid of. For a whole month, the soldiers of the 151st Infantry fought bloody battles in this sector of the front, showing courage and courage. The machine gunner Dunsky from the Ubagansky district destroyed 32 fascist soldiers and officers in one battle. Political instructor Bondarenko inspired the fighters by personal example. During the battle, an enemy grenade flew into the dugout, he grabbed it and threw it back towards the Germans, where it exploded. It was for this fight that Bondarenko was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. In these battles, the medical instructor Valya Velednitskaya distinguished herself. Under enemy fire, she assisted the wounded soldiers, carried them out of the battlefield. In just one day, she carried 37 seriously wounded soldiers with their weapons from the battlefield. The former worker of the Kustanai regional executive committee, the Red Army soldier Pestryakov, fought bravely and courageously.

New Year's surprises

Even in the battles on the front line, the soldiers of the 151st RSD felt the care of the working people - the Kustanai people. Delegations from Kustanay region came to the location of the formation with gifts for the soldiers. There was a constant correspondence between the fighters and workers of the rear of the region. In one of the letters (January 1943) from a group of fighters and commanders of the 151st RSD to the workers of the city of Kustanai and the region, it was said: “Dear comrades, friends, our countrymen! Thank you very much for your New Year's gifts, congratulations, care for us. It was with great joy and attention that we read your letter about the victories and achievements on the labor front, which make us happy and infuse new strength into us. We have units in which all the fighters have destroyed fascists on their account. 422 fighters, commanders, political officers of our unit were awarded government awards. Among them are Kustanai Fateev, Gorobets, Kabush, Yakubovsky. Only during the last battles, the brigade destroyed 1283 German soldiers and officers, 83 firing points, 2 mortar batteries, 76 bunkers were destroyed ... ”The letter was signed by the brigade commander Colonel Yakovlev, Lieutenant Volochaev, Art. Lieutenant Shishkin and others (total 17 signatures).

Idritsa division

In February 1943, the brigade, reinforced by a light artillery brigade and one artillery regiment, was transferred to the reserve of the North-Western Front and, having joined the enemy's battle formations, entrenched itself at the reached line. It would seem a small success, but it was he who did not give the enemy the opportunity to withdraw his divisions from the front in order to throw them on the Leningrad front, where the situation was extremely difficult. The 151st Infantry took up defensive positions north of Staraya Russa for a long time.

1943 The Battle of Kursk was going on, which brought a radical change in the war and great confidence that the enemy would soon be defeated. In September 1943 an order was received: on the basis of the 151st separate rifle brigade to form the 150th rifle division. Colonel L.V. was appointed commander of the division. Yakovlev. The division also included the 127th and 144th separate rifle brigades. The formation of the division was carried out in positions, in battle formations. Not a single unit was withdrawn to the rear. This difficult task was successfully completed in a short time, and now the 150th Rifle Division occupied a 40 km long defense front in the Staraya Russa area and was part of the 79th Rifle Corps of the 22nd Army of the 2nd Baltic Front.

In May 1944, Colonel V.M. took command of the 150th division. Shatilov, and Colonel Yakovlev L.V. went to study in Moscow. By that time, the troops of the 2nd Baltic Front went on the offensive and expanded the breakthrough to 150 kilometers along the front. The 150th SD also took part in these battles, fighting 40 km or more a day. On July 12, 1944, parts of the division liberated the city of Idritsa. By order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief I.V. Stalin dated July 23, 1944, the division was given the name Idritskaya. Until the end of November 1944, the division inflicted huge losses on the enemy in offensive battles, liberated hundreds of settlements. In these battles, the soldiers of the division showed mass heroism. Gunner Jr. Sergeant E. A. Reason, a native of the village of Livanovka, Kamyshny District, with his crew destroyed 3 machine guns with servants, one mortar battery and 50 enemy soldiers.

The wagon platoon of ammunition Red Army soldier Sadertin Baymukhamedov, under enemy fire, uninterruptedly delivered ammunition to firing positions, taking the initiative, picked up 100 captured German shells for our 150mm guns. By order of October 25, 1944, both were awarded the medal "For Courage". Platoon commander T. G. Vodopyanov from the Presnogorkovsky district, under enemy artillery and mortar fire, personally delivered hot food to the personnel. Gun commander 15mm gun Art. Sergeant Baysarin Kurmash from the Arshalinsk state farm of the Ordzhonikidzevsky district knocked out two enemy trucks with cannon fire. Both were awarded the medal "For Courage".

To the symphony "Katyusha"

Under the new 1945, the 150th division joined the 1st Belorussian Front, and in February 1945 participated in the defeat of the Schneidemuhl grouping of the enemy. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 26, 1945, the 150th SD was awarded the Order of Kutuzov II degree for the night battle near Lake Votschwansee. On March 17, 1945, having made a 160-kilometer march to the south, the division arrived in the Koenigsberg area and settled down 8 kilometers from it in a landowner's estate near Lake Mantelsee. And on April 16, at dawn, under the formidable symphony of hundreds of Katyushas, ​​the morning mist was suddenly cut through by the rays of 143 searchlights and volleys of 22 thousand guns of all calibers. So the city of Kunersdorf was taken, however, at the cost of losing most of the division. On April 20, artillerymen fired the first salvos at Berlin. On the night of April 22, 1945, the Military Council of the 3rd Shock Army established nine special Victory banners, one of them, number 5, received the 1st Battalion of the 756th Infantry Regiment. It was this regiment under the command of Colonel F.M. Zinchenko distinguished himself in the capture of Berlin.

On April 30, fighters Egorov M.A. and Kantaria M.V. from the assault company of our countryman Syanov I.Ya. were the first to break into the Reichstag and hoisted the Banner of Victory on its dome.

The 150th SD met its victorious day in Berlin. By order of the Supreme High Command of 06/11/1945, the division was given the name "Berlin. In December 1946 division was disbanded.

This is how the 150th Idritsko-Berlin Rifle Division, Order of Kutuzov II degree, completed its combat path, the backbone of which was the 151st Rifle Brigade formed in Kustanai. In memory of the Kustanai land and its older generation, which is directly related to the historical event, the streets in the city of Kostanay received the names of the streets: Gvardeiskaya, im. L. Yakovleva, them. I. Syanova.