"Well, let's talk about it - for your benefit and teaching... I'll start with papa." My father was a strict and pious man, reached his full pension by the age of sixty and moved to live in a county town, where he bought a house for himself ... And my mother was a woman of a good heart and hot blood, - so, maybe, my - then my dad is not my father. He did not respect me: for every little thing he put me in a corner, on my knees, otherwise he whipped me with a belt. My mother loved me, and I had a good life with her. For every note that she used to send with me to the friend of her heart—and she always had friends of the heart—I receive from her due reward, and especially for modesty. When dad left, I stayed in the sixth grade of the gymnasium and was soon expelled from it because I mixed up the physics teachers - I had to take lessons from our inspector, and I took them from the inspector's maid. The inspector took offense at me for this and sent me to my father. I came to him and told him that, they say, due to misunderstandings with the inspector, I was excluded from the temple of science. And the inspector, it turned out, had already outlined the whole essence of the matter to dad in a letter, only prudently kept silent about the fact that he found me at the scene of the crime, in the maid's room, and that he himself appeared there at night and in a dressing gown, and when he entered, he whispered in a sweet voice : "Dunechka?" But that's his business. Dad, having met me, began, of course, to swear with bad words, mother too. They scolded me and decided to send me to Pskov, where my father had a brother. They sent me to Pskov; I see: the uncle is fierce and stupid, but the cousins ​​​​are pretty, so it’s possible to live. But it turned out that even here I did not come to the court: three months later my uncle turned me, accusing me of depraved behavior and a bad influence on his daughters. Again they scolded me and again exiled me - this time to the village to my aunt, to the Ryazan province. Auntie turned out to be a nice and cheerful woman, she always had a bunch of young people! But at that time everyone was infected with the stupid fashion to read forbidden books... Buts! And so they locked me up in a jail, where I probably spent four months. My mother informs me in writing that I killed her, my father informs me that I discredited him - I had very boring parents! You know, if a person were allowed to choose his own parents, it would be much more convenient than the current order, right? Well, they let me out of prison, and I went to Nizhny Novgorod, where my sister is married. And the sister turned out to be burdened with a family and angry for this reason ... What should I do? A fair came to my rescue - I entered the choir of singers. I had a good voice, a beautiful appearance, they made me a soloist, and I sing to myself ... Do you think I got drunk at the same time? No, even now I almost never drink vodka, except sometimes - very rarely, and then as warming. I have never been a drunkard - however, I got drunk if there were good wines - champagne, for example. Give Marsala in abundance, I will certainly get drunk, for I love her like women. I love women to the point of madness ... or maybe I hate them ... because, having taken what follows from a woman, I immediately feel an irresistible desire to do some kind of vile thing to her - such, you know, that she is not pain and humiliation she felt, and so that it seemed to her, as if I had nourished her blood and the marrow of her bones with poison, and that all her life she carried the vileness of this poison in herself and felt it every minute ... N-yes! Why am I so angry with them - I don’t know and I can’t explain it to myself ... They were always favorable to me, because I was handsome and brave. But they are also deceitful! However, to hell with them. I love it when they cry and moan - look, listen and think - aha! Serve the thief and flour! .. Well, sir, I sing and I'm fine, I live merrily. One day a shaved man appears in front of me and asks: “Have you tried to play on stage?” - "I played in home performances ..." - "Do you want twenty-five rubles a month for vaudeville roles?" Well, we went to the city of Perm. I play, I sing in divertissements, - appearance - a passionate brunette, past - a political criminal; The ladies are delighted with me. They gave me second lovers, I play. Try, they tell me, heroes. I'm trying to play Max in "Wandering Lights", and - I myself feel - it turned out well! I lost the season, and a merry tour was made for the summer: we played in Vyatka, played in Ufa, even played in the city of Yelabuga. We returned to Perm again for the winter. And this winter I felt hatred and disgust towards people. You go on stage, you know, and as hundreds of fools and scoundrels stick their eyes into you, a kind of slave will run over your skin, a cowardly shiver and pinch you, as if you were sitting in a pile of ants. They look at you as if they were their toy, as if they were buying something for their own use. It is in their will to condemn and approve you... And so they are watching - are you diligently breaking down before them? And if they find what is diligent, they yell like donkeys on a leash, and you listen to them and feel satisfied with their praise. For a while you will forget that you are their property ... then you will remember that you were pleased with their approval, you almost hit yourself in the face ... To the point of convulsions, this audience was disgusting to me, and often I wanted to spit on it from the stage, scold it with the most obscene words. You used to feel how her eyes dig into the body like pins, and how eagerly she waits for you to tickle her ... she waits with the confidence of that landowner whose heels were scratched by the yard girls at night ... You feel this expectation of her and think, how good it would be to have such a long knife in your hand that you could immediately cut off the noses of the entire first row of spectators ... Damn them! But I seem to hit the lyricism? So, that means I'm playing, I hate the audience and I want to run away from it. The wife of Mr. Prosecutor helped me with this. I didn't like her, and she didn't like it. She set her husband in motion, and I found myself in the city of Saransk - like a speck of dust, the wind carried me away from the banks of the Kama. Ehma! Everything is like a dream in this vile life. I am sitting in Saransk, and the young wife of a Permian with a merchant rank is sitting with me. She was resolute and very fond of my art. Here we sit with her. We don’t have money, we don’t have acquaintances either. I'm bored and so is she. She began to tell me out of boredom that I did not love her. At first I tolerated it, but then I got tired of it; I say to her: “Yes, you go to hell from me!” “Is that so?” he says. She grabbed a revolver, fuck me - she put a bullet right in the left shoulder; a little lower - and I would be in paradise. Well, of course I fell. But she was frightened, and out of fear she jumped into the well. Wet to death there. And they took me to the hospital. Well, of course, the ladies came: don't feed them bread, just to turn around some amorous business. They revolved around me until I got to my feet, and when I got up, they assigned me as a secretary to the police. Well, it is still more convenient to be with the police than under the supervision of the police. So I live a month, two, three ... It was during these days, for the first time in my life, that I experienced an attack of depressing, soul-distorting boredom... This is the most vile mood of all, deforming a person... Everything around ceases to be interesting, and I want something new. You rush back and forth, looking, looking, you find something - you take it and soon you see that it is not at all what you need ... You feel internally bound, unable to live in peace with yourself - and this world is what a person needs most ! Wicked state... And it brought me to the point that I got married. Such an act for a person of my nature is only possible with melancholy or a hangover. The wife was the daughter of a priest; she lived with her mother - her father died - and enjoyed complete freedom. She had her own house, one might even say - a house, she had money. She was a beautiful girl, not stupid, of a cheerful nature, but she was very fond of reading books, and this reflected badly on her and on me. She constantly fished out different rules of life from books: she would catch some rule and now she would come to me with it. And from the time of my young nails, I could not stand morality ... At first I laughed at my wife, and then I became sick of listening to her ... I see that she always flaunts dressed up in various book fictions - what she read from books goes to a woman, as for a footman a suit from the master's shoulder. We began to quarrel... I met one priest; there was a kind of pop there - a goofball, a guitarist, a singer - he was a wonderful trepak and he was a master at drinking! his company of various scribes and Pharisees. In the evenings all the serious and "best people of the city," as she called them, came to her - for me they were serious, like strangled men. I myself liked to read at that time, but I never knew how to worry about what I read; Yes, I don't understand why this is necessary. And they, the wife and those like her, when they used to read some book, they would get into such anxiety, as if each of them had a hundred splinters in the skin. I think it's like a book? - good! interesting? - even better! But a man wrote every book, but he cannot jump above his head. All books are written for the same purpose: they all want to show that good is good and bad is bad. And there will be one sense, whether you read a hundred of them or a thousand. My wife devoured dozens of books, so I started telling her right away that my life would be much better if I married a priest. The priest only saved me from boredom, and without him I would have run away from my wife ... It used to be, as soon as the Pharisees came to her - I went to the priest. So I lived for a year and a half. Out of boredom, he began to serve with the priest in the church. Either the apostle read, or, standing on the kliros, I sing: “From my youth, passions have been fighting me.” I have endured much during this time, and in many respects I will be justified at the terrible judgment for this patience. But then my niece came to see my priest - she came because he was a widow, and because the pigs ate him, not quite ate, but spoiled his appearance. You know, he fell down drunk in the yard, and fell asleep, and the pigs came into the yard and ate his ear and something else. Pigs eat all sorts of rubbish. From this damage, my priest fell ill and called on his niece to look after him, and I for her. Well, we set to work very zealously, and with success. And my wife found out and, of course, swears. What should I do? And I began to swear. She says to me: “Get out of my house!” I thought, thought, and left peacefully - completely left the city. So he resolved the bonds of my marriage ... if she is alive, my wife, then she probably already considers me safely dead. I never felt the least desire to see her... I think that she, too, has well forgotten me and lives in peace! And now, free again, I arrived in the city of Penza. Pushed into the police - there is no place; here, there - there is no place! I entered the psalmists, I sing and read. There is an audience in the church again, and again I have an aversion to it. Earnings - miserable, position - dependent. It was bad for me. But one merchant helped out. She was a fat, God-fearing woman, and her life was boring. So she chose me for spiritual edification. And I began to go to her, and she fed me. Her husband stayed in the insane asylum, she alone ran the big flour business ... So I cautiously drove up to her: “Is it difficult, they say, Sekleteya Kirillovna?” “It's difficult,” he says. "Take me as your assistant?" “You will deceive,” she says, “and she took it, of course. Here I lived very well; but the city turned out to be prepogany! There is no theatre, no decent hotel, no interesting people... I am bored and I am writing a letter to my uncle: during my five-year absence from St. Petersburg, I supposedly came to my senses. I apologize for everything that I have done, I will never do anything again, but by the way, I ask - is it possible for me to live in St. Petersburg? Uncle replies - you can, but carefully. I broke up with the merchant. You know what - she was a stupid woman, fat and ugly. I had very belfami mistresses - graceful and intelligent women were ... Well, yes. But I always parted badly with them: either I will drive the woman away with malice and contempt, or the woman will arrange a dirty trick on me. And this Sekletea inspired me with respect for her simplicity. I tell her: "Goodbye!" “Farewell,” he says, my heart! May God give you happiness ... "-" Really, they say, you don’t feel sorry for parting? - “How, he says, is it not a pity for such a handsome man and a clever one? A century, he says, would not part with you, but you need to ... I, he says, understand you - you are a free bird; well, fly with God!” And she cries bitterly... "Well, I say, forgive me, Sekletea!" - "What are you, he says, thank you, I should tell you, and not forgive you." “Thank you, thank you for what?” “But how? says. “After all, what kind of person you are: it didn’t cost you anything to let me go around the world, I was all in your hands, as you would like, you could rob me, and I wouldn’t interfere with you,” you knew it! And here you are leaving with honor! I know how much you have amassed from me during this time - about four thousand in all. Another would, he says, in your place he ate all the porridge, and even a cup on the floor ... "Well, yes ... that's what she said ... Oh, dear woman! .. I kissed her and, respecting her, with a light heart and five thousand in my pocket - she counted incorrectly - appeared in St. Petersburg. I live as a gentleman, I go to the theater, I made acquaintances, sometimes, out of boredom, I play on stage, but more at cards. A wonderful occupation of the card: you sit at the table and during the night you die and resurrect ten times. It's terrible to know that in the next minute your last ruble will be killed and you - a beggar, go out into the street - steal or shoot yourself. It's also good to know that your neighbor or partner feels about the last ruble the same, ticklish and creepy, that you yourself felt shortly before him. To see red and pale, excited faces, trembling from fear of being beaten and from greed for money - to look at them and beat their cards one after another - oh, how it excites the blood! a piece of hot meat with nerves and blood... Juicy! This constant risk of falling is the best thing in life, and the best thought is expressed thus:

There is pleasure in combat
And the dark abyss on the edge!

There is great pleasure in this ... and in general you can feel good only when you risk something. The more risk, the more life ... Have you ever starved? I happened to not eat for two days in a row ... And when the stomach begins to eat itself, when you feel how your insides are drying up, dying of hunger, then you are ready to kill a person, a child for a piece of bread ... ready for anything , - this readiness for crime has its own special poetry ... this is a very valuable feeling, and, having experienced it, you respect yourself more! But, however, let's continue our motley story, it already drags on like a funeral procession, in which I take the place of the deceased. Ugh! Here's a stupid comparison that popped into my head. And, perhaps, it is true ... why, however, does not become smarter ... Mr. Balzac somewhere has a very true and apt expression: "This is stupid, as a fact." Stupid? Well, let it! So, I live in Petersburg. This is a good city, but it would be twice as good if half of its inhabitants were drowned in that bad sea that flounders around it. I live and do different things, as it should be for a person. I liked one lady, and she got me for her maintenance ... You weren't supported by women? Try it, because it's interesting, you are at the same time your lady's thing and her master. You were bought like a toy, but you play as the buyer. This buyer finds himself in your hands and in a very ridiculous position - for you can always play before him the role of a boot that wants to be a hat and demands to be worn on the head. So, I live and live for a year, two, three - everything is going well, that is, fun. But then there was one operetta story. One day someone came to me, a very good man, but he was engaged in a bad deed - politics, for which, however, he was timely and severely infringed. He came and said: “Get me a passport!” - "What?" “But, he says, like this: a girl, a brunette, about twenty years old, of average height, everything else is ordinary.” Why? - "But, he says, there is such a girl, but it is necessary that she not be, so I want to marry her according to someone else's document." What? This business is fun, and my lady had a maid just right for the requirement ... I took her passport, and gave it to this charlatan. Good with. A long time passes. Suddenly - fuck! two gendarmes appear and say - please! I complained. Someone, gray-haired and very ferocious, asks me: "Did you get such and such a passport for a girl?" - "How so?" And my friend really forgot to name the girl. The ferocious man does not believe me. “Why, he says, you don’t know her, but they gave her a passport?” - "I did not give her ..." - "And to whom?" - “But to whom ...” - “Yeah, he says, that's when he got caught! Thank you for the information! And immediately gave the order to take away my friend, and for the time being, lock me up in a cozy place. Two days later they gave me a confrontation with a friend. He, of course, confirmed my words... They ask me where I want to leave St. Petersburg? I say: “Is it possible to go to Tsarskoye Selo?” - "No, they say, away." - "And in Russa?" - "More further away." We bargained at Tula. In Tula so in Tula! “You, he says, can leave further if you want, but do not come here for three years. We will keep your documents for the time being, in memory of you, and for you - if you please, a passage certificate to Tula. Get it and try to escape in twenty-four hours ... "-" Well, what then? I think. “You have to obey your superiors, how can you not obey him?” Well, so... I've sold all my possessions to the landlady at the price of a steamed turnip, and I'm going to my lady. Did not order to accept, dog. I go to two or three more acquaintances - they meet, like a leper. I spat on everyone and went to one charitable place to spend the last hours of my life in St. Petersburg. By six o'clock in the morning I came out of there without a penny in my pocket - completely lost in cards! One comrade of the prosecutor robbed me so carefully that I even came to tenderness from his talent, without any condescension, beat me ... yes! .. Well, where should I go? I went, it is not known why, to the Moscow railway station, I came, knocked about there, I see a train was coming to Moscow. He entered the car and sat down. I drove through two stations, they kicked me out in triumph. They wanted to draw up a protocol, they asked who I was - I showed them my testimony, and they left me alone. "Go ahead, they say." I'm going. Ten versts have passed - I'm tired and I feel that I need to eat. Booth. Line watchman. I went to him: “Give me, my friend, a piece of bread?!” He looked at me and gave me not only bread, but also a big cup of milk. I spent the night with him, for the first time as a tramp, in the free air, on hay, in a field, behind a booth. I woke up the next day - the sun is shining, the air is like champagne, greenery, birds. I took more bread from the watchman and went on. You have to understand this: there is something sucking, absorbing in the wandering life. It's nice to feel free from duties, from various little ropes that bind your existence among people ... from all sorts of little things that cling to your life to such an extent that it becomes no longer a pleasure, but a boring burden ... a heavy basket of duties ... like duties to dress decently, to speak decently ... and to do everything as it is customary, and not as you want. When meeting with a friend, you need, as is customary, to say to him - hello! - and not - take a breath! - as it is sometimes wanted to say. In general - to tell the truth - all these solemnly stupid relations that have been established between decent, city people are a boring comedy! Moreover, it’s a vile comedy, because no one calls anyone a fool or a scoundrel to their face ... and if sometimes this is done, it’s only in a fit of that sincerity that is called malice ... And in a vagabond position you live outside all this rigmarole ... The very fact that you have renounced the various comforts of life without regret and can exist without them somehow pleasantly lifts you in your eyes. You become indulgent towards yourself without looking back, although I never treated myself strictly, did not pull myself up and the teeth of my conscience never ached with me, I did not scratch my heart with the claws of my mind. You know, early on and somehow imperceptibly for myself, I firmly mastered the simplest and wisest philosophy: no matter how you live, you will still die; why quarrel with yourself, why drag yourself by the tail to the left, when your nature rushes to the right with all its might? And I can't stand people who tear themselves in two... What are they trying for? I used to talk with such holy fools. You ask him: “What are you moaning about, brother, why are you arguing, brother?” - “I strive, he says, for self-improvement ...” - “What, they say, for the sake of?” - “How so - for what? The perfection of man is the meaning of life...” “Well, I don’t understand that; Here, the meaning is clear in the improvement of wood: it will be improved to suitability for work, and it will be used for shafts, for a coffin, or for something else useful to a person ... Well, good! you improve - that's your business; but, tell me, why are you pestering me and want to convert me to your faith? ”-“ And then, he says that you are cattle and are not looking for meaning in life. - "Yes, I found it, if the consciousness of my bestiality does not burden me." “You lie,” he says. If you, he says, are aware, you must correct yourself. “How can I fix it? Why, I live in peace with myself, my mind and feeling are the same essence, word and deed in complete harmony! - "This, he says, is meanness and cynicism ..." And this is how they all argue, it happened. I feel that they are both lying and stupid; I feel it and I can't help but despise them. Because I know people! - if you declare all today's vile, dirty and evil tomorrow honest, clean, kind - all these mugs, without any effort on themselves, tomorrow will be completely honest, clean and kind. For this they need only one thing - to destroy their cowardice in themselves ... That's it. It's harsh, you say? Nothing, it'll do. Let it be harsh, but right... You see, I think so: serve God or the devil, but not God and the devil. A good scoundrel is always better than a bad honest man. There is black and there is white, mix them - it will be dirty. All my life I have met only bad, honest people—those, you know, whose honesty is made up of bits and pieces, as if they had collected it under the windows like beggars. This is honesty multi-colored, poorly glued, with cracks ... otherwise, there is also bookish honesty, subtracted and serving a person like his best trousers - for ceremonial occasions ... And in general, everything good in most good people is festive and done ; they keep him not in themselves, but with them, for show, for force in front of each other ... I met people who are good by their very nature ... but they are rare and almost only among ordinary people, outside the walls of the city ... You immediately feel these - good! And you see - he was born good ... yes! And yet, to hell with them, with everyone - both good and bad! I don't want to know Hecuba! I am telling you the facts of my life briefly and superficially, and it is difficult for you to understand why and how... Yes, the point is not in facts, but in moods. Facts are rubbish and rubbish. I can make a lot of facts if I want ... I'll take a knife, and put it in your throat - it will be a criminal fact. And then I will poke this knife into myself - it will also be a fact ... in general, you can do a wide variety of facts, if your mood allows! It's all about moods: they produce facts, and they create thoughts, ideals... Do you know what an ideal is? It's just a crutch invented at the time when man became a bad beast and began to walk on his hind legs alone. Raising his head from the ground, he saw a blue sky above it and was blinded by the splendor of its clarity. Then, foolishly, he said to himself: I will achieve it! And since then, he has been wandering on the ground with this crutch, holding on with it to this day, still on his hind legs. Don't think that I am also climbing into the sky - I have never felt such a desire ... I said it like that, for a red word. However, the story has once again overwhelmed me. Nothing! After all, it is only in novels that the tangles of events unfold correctly, and our life is a tangled spool. Besides, they pay money for novels, and I try for nothing: the devil knows what for!.. Well, so, I liked this walk, all the more I liked it that I soon discovered the means of subsistence. I walk one day and see: in the distance the estate flaunts, and moving towards me, between tall loaves, three handsome figures - a man and two ladies. A man already with a gray hair in a beard, wearing glasses and very handsome, ladies of the image of a tired, but also noble. I made myself the face of a martyr, and, coming abreast with them, I asked them for permission to go into the estate to spend the night. They gave permission and looked at each other meaningfully. I politely bowed to them, thanked them and, without haste, went. They turned back and followed me. We entered into a conversation - who, where, whose is it? They were people of a humane temperament, a liberal way of thinking, and they themselves prompted me the answers, so when I came to the estate, it turned out that I had lied to them - the devil knows how much! As if I study and teach the people, and supposedly my soul is in captivity of various ideas and so on ... And, by God, all this turned out only because they themselves wanted it, but I just did not prevent them from accepting me for that for which they took me. When I realized how difficult the role I had to play for them, I felt a little uncomfortable. But after dinner, I realized that there was interest in playing this role, because they ate divinely delicious! They ate with feeling—they ate like educated people. Then they took me a little room, the man provided me with pants and other things - in general, they treated me humanely. Well, for this I unleashed the reins of my imagination! Queen of heaven, how I lied! What Khlestakov? Idiot Khlestakov! I lied, never losing consciousness that I was lying, although I enjoyed the fact that I was lying. So I lied, I'll tell you that even the Black Sea would turn red if it heard me! These kind people listened with pleasure, listened, and fed me, and looked after me as if they were their own sick child. And I compose for them. That's when the books that I once read, and the arguments of my wife's Pharisees, came in handy for me! To lie skillfully is a high pleasure, I tell you. If you lie and see that they believe you, you feel elevated above people, and feeling above people is still a pleasure. Capture their attention and think to yourself: "Fool!" It's always nice to fool someone. Yes, and he, a man, is also pleased to hear a good lie that strokes his fur. And maybe every lie is good, or, conversely, all good is a lie. There is hardly anything in the world more worthy of attention than various human inventions: dreams, dreams, and so on. For example, let's take love: I have always loved in women exactly what they never had and with what I usually rewarded them myself. That was the best thing about them. It used to be that you see a fresh baby and immediately you realize - she should hug like this, she should kiss - that way. She is undressed like this, in tears such and such, in joy - that's what it is. Then you imperceptibly assure yourself that she has all this - exactly as you want it ... And of course, after getting to know her, what she really is, you solemnly sit in a puddle! .. But it doesn’t matter - after all, you can’t be an enemy of fire just because it sometimes burns, you need to remember that it always warms, right? Well... For this reason, one cannot call a lie harmful, revile it in every possible way, prefer the truth to it ... it is still unknown, after all, what it is, this truth, no one has seen her passport ... and, perhaps, she, upon presentation of documents, the devil knows what it will turn out to be ... And yet, like Socrates, I philosophize instead of doing business ... I lied to those kind people even to the point of exhausting my imagination, and when I realized that I was in danger of becoming boring for them, I went further, having lived with them for three weeks. I left, well equipped for the journey, and now I direct my steps to the nearest station in order to go from there to Moscow. I traveled from Moscow to Tula for nothing, due to an oversight of the conductors. And here I am in Tula in the face of the local chief of police. He looks at me and asks: “What are you going to do here?” “I don't know,” I say. “And why, he says, were you removed from St. Petersburg?” "I don't know that either." - “Obviously, he says, for some debauchery that is not provided for by the criminal code?” he asks shrewdly. But I remain impenetrable. “You are an uncomfortable person,” he says. “Everyone, they say, has his own specialty, good sir!” He thought, thought, and offers me: “Since you, he says, chose your place of residence, then if you don’t like it here, you can go further. There are other cities, for example, Orel, Kursk, Smolensk... After all, you don't care where you live? Wouldn't you like me to give you a further pass? .. It will be very pleasant for us not to worry about your health. We have such a lot of trouble ... and you, he says, excuse my frankness, seem like a person who is quite capable of intensifying the troubles of the police ... even, as if on purpose, created for this purpose. - "So, sir, they say, but I like it here too..." - "Cheap, they say, appreciate your work ... It's better to let me stay under the auspices of the Tula laws." But he stubbornly does not want me ... He was a quick-witted man! Well, I took fifteen rubles from him and went to the city of Smolensk. See? Every bad state of man has the possibility of a better one. I say this on the basis of solid experience and on the strength of my deep faith in the resourcefulness of the human mind. Mind is power! You are still a young man; and so I say to you: believe in the mind - and you will never be lost! Know that every person contains a fool and a swindler in himself: the fool is his feeling, and the swindler is his mind. Feeling is stupid because it is direct, truthful and does not know how to pretend; Is it possible to live and not pretend? It is necessary to pretend; even out of pity for people, this is necessary, because people are always worthy of pity ... and most of all precisely when they pity others ... So, I went to Smolensk, feeling that the ground was solid under me, and knowing that, on the one hand, I can always count on the support of humane people, on the other, on the support of the police. The first need me for the manifestation of their feelings, and the second - I do not need; therefore both must pay me out of their surpluses. He appeared in Smolensk, and since it was already cold, he decided to spend the winter. He quickly found good people and joined them. Wow - spent the winter is not boring. But now spring has come, and - do you believe it? — pulled me! I want to wander... Who's stopping me? I went and wandered around again for a whole summer, and ended up in the city of Elizavetgrad for the winter. Got stuck and can't get used to anything. Struggled, fought, finally found my way! He enlisted as a reporter for a local newspaper - a small business, but free and provides some food. Then he got acquainted with the junkers - there is a cavalry school in this city - and, having got acquainted with them, arranged a cartege. A good cartege came out: during the winter I made about a thousand rubles. And spring has come again. She caught me with the money, in a gentlemanly way. Where will I go? To the city of Slavyansk on the water. He successfully played there until August, and this month he was forced to leave. I spent the winter in Zhytomyr with one butterfly - it was decent rubbish, but - a woman of incomparable beauty! I lived in this manner during the years of my exile from St. Petersburg and went there again. God knows why, but he always pulled me to him. Came a gentleman, with funds. Looking for friends, and what happens? My adventures among the liberal people of the Moscow province are known to them. Everyone knows how I lived at the Ivanovs' estate for three weeks, feeding their hungry souls with the fruits of my imagination, and how I treated the Petrovs, and how I offended Mme Vasiliev. So what? So, it needs to be. If seven doors have closed in front of you - open the other ten ... But - I was not lucky! I tried very hard to create for myself a stable position in society, and I could not! Either I myself have lost my ability to get along with people during these three years, or people have become more rogues during this time. And so, when it was especially difficult for me, the devil pulled me to offer my services to the detective department. I offered myself as an agent for the supervision of gambling houses. Accepted. The conditions are good. To this secret profession he added another obvious one: he began to engage in reporting in one newspaper. He gave her a street chronicle, and sometimes composed feuilletons. And then he played. And I got carried away with this game - I got so carried away that I forgot to inform the authorities about it. I completely forgot, you know that this is my duty. And when I lose, I remember: but you have to convey! But no, I think to myself, first I will win back, and then I will inform. Thus, I put off the fulfillment of my duty for a very long time, until one day the police caught me at the crime scene at the card table. Of course, the police publicly shamed me, recognizing me as one of their own. And the next day they called me where they should be, made a very ferocious suggestion, told me that I had no conscience at all, and sent me out of the capital ... sent me out again! Without the right to enter for ten years. For six years I have been traveling and, wow, I do not complain to my God about my fate. I will not talk about this time, because it is too monotonous ... and diverse. All in all, it's a fun, bird life. Only grains are sometimes not enough ... but one should not be too demanding, remembering that even persons sitting on thrones experience not only pleasure. In a life like this, there are no duties - this is the first good, and there are no laws except the laws of nature - this is the second. Of course, the sergeants sometimes disturb you, but even in good hotels there are fleas... On the other hand, you can go right, left, forward, backward, wherever it takes you, and if it doesn’t take you anywhere, stock up on bread from the peasant—he kind and will always give - stock up on bread and lie down until you are pulled somewhere ... Where haven't I been? He was in Tolstoy's colonies and fed in the kitchens of Moscow merchants. He lived in the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra and on New Athos. Was in Czestochowa and Murom. Sometimes it seems to me that for the second time I trample every path of the Russian Empire with my feet. And as soon as I get a chance to repair the appearance — I'll go abroad! Sod to Romania, and from there all paths are open. For in Russia - I'm already bored. And in it - "everything I could, I have already done." I think that, in fact, I have accomplished a lot in these six years. How many beautiful words I uttered, what miracles I told! You will come, you know, to the village, ask for a lodging for the night and, when you are fed, you will wind up the bagpipes of your imagination! Maybe I even founded new sects, because I spoke a lot, a lot from the Scriptures. And a peasant is sensitive to writing and in a nutshell can build such a new dogma that - oh you to me! .. And how many laws I composed on allotments and redistribution of land! .. Yes, I poured a lot of fantasy into life. Yes, this is how I live ... I live and believe: if I wish to settle down, and it will be! I have a mind and women appreciate me. Here I come to the city of Nikolaev and go to the Nikolaev settlement, where the daughter of a Nikolaev soldier lives. She is a widowed woman, beautiful and prosperous. I will come and tell her: “Kapochka! Well, let's take a bath! Wash me and clothe me, and I will be with you even from the moon to the moon. She will do everything to me now ... And if she has got herself a lover without me, she will drive him away. And I will live with her for a month or more - as long as I want! In the third year I lived with her for two months of winter, in the past - even three months ... I would have lived all winter if she had been smarter, otherwise it would be very boring with her. Apart from her garden, which gives her up to two thousand a year, the woman does not want to know anything. And then I’ll go to the Kuban, to the village of Labinskaya. There is a Cossack Peter Cherny there, and he considers me a holy man - many consider me a man of a righteous life. Many simple and believing people tell me: “Take this, father, and put a candle on the saint when you are with him ...” I take it. I value believing people and do not want to offend them with the vile truth, telling them that with their sincere contribution I will not light a candle for a saint, but I will buy tobacco for myself ... There is also much charm in the consciousness of my alienation from people, in a clear understanding of the height and strength of that wall of sins against them, which I myself freely built. And a lot of sweet and spicy in constant risk of being exposed. Life is a game! I put everything on my card - that is, zero - and always win ... without the risk of losing anything other than my life. But I am sure that if they ever beat me, they will not mutilate me, but kill me. One cannot be offended by this, and it would be foolish to be afraid of this. Well, well, young man, I have told you my story. And I even told the hiker, because there was also philosophy in my story. And - you know? I like what I said. It seems to me that I have spoken fairly. I'll go further - it is very likely that I made up a lot here, but, by God, if I lied, I lied in the facts. You are not looking at them, but at my way of presentation - I assure you, it is true with the true soul of my soul. I gave you a fantasy roast with a sauce of the purest truth... And yet, why did I tell you this?... Then, my dear, what I feel is that you don't believe me much... I'm glad for you. So! Don't trust the man! For whenever he talks about himself, he lies! He lies in misfortune in order to arouse more compassion for himself, in happiness - so that he is more envied, in all cases - in order to increase attention to himself.

1. The history of the human soul, even the smallest soul, is perhaps more curious and more useful than the history of a whole people, especially when it is the result of observations of a mature mind over itself (L).

2. Hearts are the same motors. The soul is the same engine (Mayak.).

3. Pushkin's poetry is like the singing of birds in a grove, like the song of the wind, like the sound of the waves (A. N. T.)

4. Old age is not joy.

5. Five five twenty five.

6. The heart is not a stone.

7. Nice people are our neighbors.

8. Great news deal.

9. Man is the truth of life (M. G.).

10. Lies of the religion of slaves and masters (M. G.).

11. The southern summer night is mysterious and beautiful.

12. Practicality, in my opinion, is a very commendable property.

13. Tatyana is not a child (Bel.).

14. Feeling superior to people is fun after all.

15. The business of the artist is to give birth to joy. The business of the artist is pro-i and stand up to suffering with all his strength, with all his talent (Paust.).

IV. Choose the right options.

Group of first-year students (a) doing, b) doing) in gym. 2, Dog King ( a) disappeared b) disappeared two days ago. 3. (a) passed, b) passed) four days, stipulated by the contract. 4. The administration of the plant, especially the deputy director and chief engineer, spend a lot of time (a) give, b) give) solving social problems. 5. ( a) built, b) built) three new houses for migrants. 6. The vast majority are good (a) prepared, b) prepared) to the exam. 7. Two other witnesses ( a) signed b) signed protocol. 8. To Moscow (a) was taken, b) were taken) ninety thousand poods of bell copper.

V. Correct the sentences.

1. Defendant Kovrov, while intoxicated, committed malicious hooliganism, grossly violating public order, showed obvious disrespect for society, distinguished in its content by special impudence, expressed in the destruction of property.

2. Having committed the theft of things, Smirnov is brought to criminal responsibility.

3. Approaching the platform, Grachev discovered a bundle with stolen goods.

4. Having taken measures to detain the criminals, the investigator managed to detain them.

5. The reprimand with the last warning was not accepted by the plaintiff, being not brought to him.

VI. Write a memorandum

OPTION #8

I. Insert the missing spellings:

1. Aluminum, flatter, flannel, true, sodium,
whole, potassium, slot, nickel, merciful, style,
big_howl, spes_vyy, guest_howl, zero_howl, drink_howl, greek_vyy, sol_
howl, enamel_vy, not evil, shadow_howl, marl_vy, game..vy, astrakhan_
vyy, red, gutta-perch, armored, ermine, holy fool,
considered, co_vy, brown, rod_howl, root_howl.

Reckless, picky, arrogant, finicky, quirky, gluttonous, coquettish, calculating, talkative, entrepreneurial, obsessive, resourceful, touchy, sympathetic, pitiful, conscientious, lively, forgetful.

2. Talk, peep, inquire, visit, co-
vet_vat, hide_vat, command_vat, condition_vat, spend_vat,
demand, unfasten, examine, dispel, take, go
vat, load_vat, dance, confess_vat, treat_vat, lead_vat,
bush_vat, bring_out.

Obv_vat, succeed, overcome, publish, expand, zab_vat, deb_vat, obv_vat, vy_v_vat, intend, rasp_vat, exhort, ill, overcome, vyzr_vat, cogr_vat, eclipse, get stuck, corrupt.

Offended, sat, hung, heard, hoped, glued, heard, ridiculed, saw, recovered, hated, leveled, cherished, ta_l, bled, multiplied, la_l.

3. First_, right_, occasionally_, contentedly, long ago, obliquely, to the right, to the right, again, again, again, again, dry, dry, clean, tight, together, white, quick, for a long time, left_, left_, left_, healed_, obviously_, prompt_.

II. Words that are close in sound but different in meaning are called paronyms. To check if you can use the words correctly, choose one of the two given in brackets

In order to visit the theater more often, I bought (subscriber - subscription).

The girl had wet, (sensitive - sensual) lips.

That day I heard a lot of (offensive - touchy) words.

Any (act - misdemeanor) deserves condemnation.

Everything around is attractive: both (near - near) and (far - far) hills.

The student quickly (learned - mastered) the material.

A young worker (learned - mastered) the profession of a turner.

The boy answered questions with some (guilty - guilty) look.

Mother cooked a (full - hearty) breakfast.

In the new quarters of the city there are the most (high - high-rise) houses.

(Swampy - marsh) silt is an excellent fertilizer.

One bank of the river was meadow, and the other - (clay - clay).

(Neighboring - neighborly) cat importantly walked into the kitchen.

After ten months of age, the child was transferred to (skillful - artificial) feeding.

We live in the same house, but on (different - different) floors.

On a hot day, it's nice to walk along the (shady - shady) alleys.

The apartment needed (carry out - make) repairs

In the clearing we saw a high (land - earthen) hill.

These photos were kept in the family because my grandmother was very (thrifty - thrifty).

Let's find the (hidden - hidden) reserves in ourselves and get to the top.

My brother is a very (practical - practical) person, he doesn't throw away old things.

With (special - special) satisfaction, the teacher noted the success of the weak student.

He was (provided) the opportunity to go south.

An expert in everything, he was still (ignorant - ignorant) in painting.

The landlords treated their own (courtiers - courtyards) cruelly.

OPTION #4

I. Note the cases of separate writing:

1) wade, 2) act in secret, 3) keep secret, 4) do it out of spite, 5) lean to one side, 6) turn on its side, 7) roll to one side, 8) stand to death, 9) go to death, 10) not to see from birth, 11) 30 years old, 12) in the distance of the transparent chenille of the mountain, 13) he looked gloomily to the side, 14) we arrived on time, 15) at first the road was not far from the coast, 16) the monument is located at the beginning of the square, 17) went out to meet the guests, 18) went out to meet the guests, 19) lives like a hermit, 20) for five years, 21) along the river, 22) due to being late, 23) meet later, 24) building like a tower, 25) in due to circumstances, 26) to stay abroad, 27) to go abroad, 28) to keep in mind, 29) due to circumstances, 30) a pendant in the form of a heart.

II. Insert missing letters and punctuation marks. Designate in the text the appeals and introductory constructions.

Pale grebe - poison.

Certainly, you can get poisoned with a normal mushroom, if it's too much. It is said that in old age each mushroom is slightly poisonous. But only the mushroom is truly poisonous and merciless in our forests. It's called a pale toadstool. A pale grebe can only be compared with a gyurza or a cobra. Perhaps, it is even scarier because there have been cases when, after being bitten by these snakes, a person was cured with the help of special sera. Such cases are rare, but they probably were. But according to medicine, it has not yet been possible to save a single person who has eaten a pale toadstool.

The easiest thing I think, confuse it with forest champignon. After all, according to its affiliation, it is a false champignon. But, firstly, champignons are almost never collected in our places, and secondly, those who collect champignons know its sign, which completely excludes a fatal mistake. The fact is that champignons have the underside of the cap, that is, its plates, are certainly pink in their youth, even lilac, and then completely black. In the pale grebe, they are always white, without the slightest hint of pink.

Most often they are poisoned with a pale grebe in places more southerly, where there are fewer forests, and therefore mushrooms, for example, in Oryol or Voronezh, where umbrellas and floats, very similar to pale grebes, gather mushrooms. It is probably necessary to proceed from the argument that it is better not to eat a dozen or two floats in your life than to eat one pale toadstool.

All poisonous mushrooms, as you know, are popularly called grebes. But often under this name fall, suffering innocently, all the mushrooms that for some reason are not taken. In our village, champignons are also called grebes - one of the most beautiful mushrooms without a doubt.

I have, For example, there was never a feeling that the red fly agaric is a rotten mushroom. Against, I have always admired him and still admire him when I see him.

III. Indicate the numbers of sentences where a dash should be placed.

1. The history of the human soul, even the smallest soul, is perhaps more curious and more useful than the history of an entire people, especially when it is the result of observations of a mature mind over itself (L).

2. Hearts are the same motors. The soul is the same engine (Mayak.).

3. Pushkin's poetry is like the singing of birds in a grove, like the song of the wind, like the sound of the waves (A. N. T.)

4. Old age is not joy.

5. Five five - twenty five.

6. The heart is not a stone.

7. Nice people are our neighbors.

8. Great business - news.

9. Man is the truth of life (M. G.).

10. Lies are the religion of slaves and masters (M. G.).

11. The southern summer night is mysterious and beautiful.

12. Practicality, in my opinion, is a very commendable property.

13. Tatyana is not a child (Bel.).

14. Feeling superior to people is a pleasure after all.

15. The business of the artist is to give birth to joy. The artist's job is to resist suffering with all his strength, with all his talent (Paust.).

Answer: 1,2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15.

IV. Choose the right options.

(a) doing, b) doing) in gym. 2, Dog King ( a) disappeared b) disappeared two days ago. 3. (a) passed, b) passed) (a) give, b) give) solving social problems. 5. ( a) built, b) built) (a) prepared, b) prepared) to the exam. 7. Two other witnesses ( a) signed b) signed protocol. 8. To Moscow (a) was taken, b) were taken)

Group of first-year students is engaged in gym. 2, Dog King gone two days ago. 3. Gone four days, stipulated by the contract. 4. The administration of the plant, especially the deputy director and chief engineer, spend a lot of time give solving social problems. 5. Built three new houses for migrants. 6. The vast majority are good prepared to the exam. 7. Two other witnesses signed protocol. 8. To Moscow were brought ninety thousand poods of bell copper.

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“Summary of a lesson in the Russian language in grade 11 using IOSE technology Topic: Dash between the main members of the sentence Type of lesson: combined lesson ...”

Abstract of the lesson in the Russian language in grade 11 using ISSE technology

Subject: Dash between the main members of the sentence

Lesson Type: Combined Lesson

Purpose: introduction of acquired knowledge and skills into the general system of language and

communication skills of students.

Tasks:

1) create conditions for working out the algorithm of educational action with the studied

concept;

2) create conditions for the formation of the ability to distinguish this concept from others;

3) to improve the punctuation skills of students related to the setting of a dash between the subject and the predicate; to teach the ability to independently solve cognitive problems based on the proposed material.

Planned results of the study of the material:

students find in the text examples of setting a dash between 1) the subject and the predicate, using the algorithm of educational actions;

students are able to distinguish this concept from others;

2) students are able to apply the acquired knowledge in the formulation of 3) punctuation marks.

Forms of organization of educational activities:

a) the form of the lesson: a laboratory lesson;

b) methods of teacher activity: survey, conversation, organization of research, organization of work in groups, organization of multi-level independent work;

c) students' activities: schematization of the studied rule, selection of the studied concept according to the algorithm, work in groups, linguistic research, independent work.

Lesson progress

1. Organizational moment: psychological attitude to activity.

Pay attention to the topic of the lesson.

How would you define the purpose of our activity?

(We continue to work on putting punctuation marks in a sentence, repeating the rules for putting dashes in a sentence, paying special attention to putting a dash between the subject and the predicate.) I wish you success and hope for cooperation!

2. Actualization of knowledge.

Putting a dash in sentences:

You and I know that a dash can be placed in a sentence in several cases. Sentences with missing punctuation marks are written on the board. It is necessary to place the missing punctuation marks in each sentence and, next to the sentence, draw up a diagram explaining the placement of a dash in the sentence. (One student comes to the board, puts punctuation marks, graphically explains punctuation. The rest draw diagrams in notebooks without writing down sentences).

The room is warm, but it's raining outside.

Everywhere: on the windowsills, shelves and even on the floor were pots of flowers.

The oldest of the brothers, a good-natured fat man named Ivan Kuzmich, was the first to greet the guests.

Cheese fell out with him was such a cheat.

Eugene Onegin is the protagonist of the novel of the same name by A.S. Pushkin. Using the diagrams, tell the rules for setting dashes in sentences.3. Learning new material on reference cards. Work in small groups.

Students study their card and, on the basis of it, explain to their neighbor the rules for putting a dash between the subject and the predicate or its absence. Ask each other questions to understand the material.

Card #1

A dash is placed if:

1. The subject and predicate are expressed by a noun in the nominative case: A fairy tale is a genre of folklore

2. Both main terms are expressed by infinitives or one is expressed by a noun and the other by an infinitive: Dreaming of meeting a prince for any girl is only torturing yourself in vain. Meet him for real

- great happiness.

3. Before the words this, this is, it means, this means, here: Looking in the mirror, the stepmother said: "Yes, beauty is a terrible force."

4. Both main members are numerals, or one is a numeral and the other is a noun: Counting all the socks lying on the floor and putting them in pairs, Snow White guessed that the number of gnomes was seven.

5. The subject is expressed by the infinitive, the predicate is a compound nominal with a zero connective and a nominal part expressed by an adverb with the meaning of the state, but only if there is a pause between the main members: Snow White realized from childhood that it was dangerous not to fulfill her duties of cleaning the palace, because her stepmother Every day I checked the cleanliness of the rooms.

6. With the subject expressed by the word THIS, if there is a logical pause after this word - This is the very beginning of the story, and the continuation will be later. (Compare: This is not a bad start.)

Card #2

The dash is usually omitted:

1. Between the subject and the predicate there are comparative conjunctions AS, AS if, AS IF, EXACTLY, LIKE AS, EVERYTHING IS THE SAME THING: Snow White's eyes are like two bright stars, her skin is like the first snow, her hair is like night.

2. The predicate is preceded by the negation of NOT: the Queen is no longer the first beauty of the kingdom.

3. Between the subject and the predicate there is an introductory word or particle: The king is probably a good person, but he has become a toy in the hands of an evil and treacherous wife. The walk is just an excuse to take Snow White into the dense forest and leave her there.

4. Before the predicate there is a secondary term related to it: "Snow White is our friend!" - the dwarfs assured Grumpy, but he stubbornly did not want to come to terms with the presence of a woman in the house.

5. In the sentence, the word order is reversed - the predicate precedes the subject: "This glorious little prince!" - such was the unanimous opinion of the gnomes and forest animals.

6. The subject is expressed by a personal pronoun, the predicate is a compound nominal with a zero link and a nominal part expressed by a noun: All the inhabitants of the kingdom knew that Snow White is a very good girl, she is smart, she is beautiful, she is very kind and attentive.

After working in small groups, the teacher asks the question:

What new did you learn at the lesson today? (That a dash is not put in reverse word order, in the presence of a minor member, in the presence of an introductory word or particle).

Group performances: communication of the rule about setting or not setting a dash between the subject and the predicate.

4. Fixing the material.

Punctogram "Dash between subject and predicate" is often found in the works of oral folk art (in proverbs and sayings).

Task: Write down proverbs and sayings, inserting the missing letters, placing the missing punctuation marks. The work of the first 5 students is checked on the consultant card. Then they check the work of other students with this card. At this time, a physical exercise is held.

Poverty is not enough...

M.. to indulge .. to an evil deed.

Learned ..e light and unlearned ..e darkness.

Knowledge in youth (?) is wise .. being in elders ...

Life is like a bad dream.

Life pr..live not bast shoes spl..sti.

What spelling rules were repeated during this exercise?

5. Group work on the assimilation of the material.

Exercise:

Check the “student work”, find the wrong answer, explain what is wrong.

Listening is a great art.

Semyonov is on duty today.

Honor is the cornerstone of human wisdom Man's first duty is to pass on his craft to others.

Becoming an artist is my dream.

Students work independently for 5 minutes. Then they explain their point of view in a small group. Then the students speak from the group to justify their point of view.

6. Individual work on the application of the material.

CARD 1 (on "3") Put, where necessary, a dash between the subject and the predicate; where not needed, circle the number of the sentence. Underline the basis of the sentence.

1. Hearts are the same motors, soul is the same motor.

2. Pushkin's poetry is like the singing of birds in a grove, like a song of the wind.

3. Old age is not joy.

4. Five five twenty five.

5. Nice people are our neighbors.

6. Great news deal.

7. Man, that's the truth of life.

8. The southern night is mysterious and beautiful.

9. Feeling superior to people is fun after all.

10. The business of the artist is to give birth to joy.

CARD 2 (on "4") Put, where necessary, a dash between the subject and the predicate; where not needed, circle the number of the sentence. On the right, explain the placement or absence of a dash between the subject and the predicate. Emphasize the basis of the sentence

1. Learning is a plague, learning is the reason that now, than before, reasonable people divorced, and deeds, and opinions.

2. The happiest people are ignorant, and fame is luck.

3. Laziness is laziness, weakness is weakness.

4. My soldier's overcoat as a seal of rejection.

5. But an explanation is not an excuse.

6. Fedor knew that Artem was his boyfriend.

7. Nature is not a temple, but a workshop.

8. The sea is wonderful, blue, gentle.

9. Your speeches are like a sharp knife.

10. All losers are liars.

CARD 3 (on "5") Fill in the table. On the right, write the rule for putting or not dashing between the subject and the predicate. On the left, write the numbers of the sentences corresponding to the rule. Put the missing punctuation marks in the sentences, underline the basics.

No. Rule p / p Examples 1.

1. Five thousand is not a small reward.

2. To be human means to be free.

3. Your brooch looks like a bee.

4. Freeing oneself from labor is a crime.

5. The boy's father is a dashing rider, a good shooter and a skilled grunt.