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Adolf Hitler (German Adolf Hitler; April 20, 1889, Braunau an der Inn, Austria - April 30, 1945, Berlin) - leader (fuhrer) of the National Socialist German Workers' Party from July 29, 1921, Chancellor of National Socialist Germany from 31 January 1933, Supreme Commander of the German Armed Forces in World War II.

Adolf Hitler was born in Braunau am Inn (Austria) on April 20, 1889. The father of the future Fuhrer Alois Hitler was first a shoemaker, then a customs officer; being illegitimate, until 1876 he bore the surname of his mother Schicklgruber (Adolf, contrary to popular misconception, never wore this surname). Alois had a low rank of chief officer. Mother Clara, nee Pölzl, came from a peasant family.

The intelligentsia is the dregs of society.

Hitler Adolf

At the age of 16, Adolf Hitler graduated from a school in Linz, which did not provide a complete secondary education. Attempts to enter the Vienna Academy of Art were unsuccessful. After the death of his mother (1908), Hitler moved to Vienna, where he lived in shelters for the homeless, doing odd jobs. At that time, he managed to sell a number of his watercolors.

Adolf's views were formed under the influence of the extreme nationalist Professor Petsch of Linz and the well-known anti-Semite Mayor of Vienna K. Luger. Hitler felt hostility towards the Slavs (especially the Czechs) and hatred towards the Jews. He believed in the greatness and special mission of the German nation.

Most biographers of Adolf Hitler claim that he was a vegetarian from 1931 until his death in 1945. There are many arguments against this assertion. In any case, both sides agree that Hitler, if not eliminating meat from his diet, then at least limited its use.

In May 1913, Adolf Hitler moved to Munich, where he led a former life, selling watercolors. In the first month of the war, he signed up as a volunteer in the German army. He served in France and Belgium as a private, then as a corporal, took part in military operations, as the messenger headquarters of the Sixteenth Bavarian Reserve Regiment. He was wounded twice, awarded the Iron Cross II and I degree.

The main ideas of Hitler that had developed by this time were reflected in the NSDAP program, many of them were set out in the autobiographical book “My Struggle” (“Mein Kampf”).

In 1944, a conspiracy was organized against Adolf Hitler, the purpose of which was to physically eliminate him and conclude peace with the advancing allied forces. The Fuhrer was aware that the complete defeat of Germany was inevitably approaching. On April 30, 1945, in besieged Berlin, Adolf Hitler, along with his wife Eva Braun, committed suicide after killing his beloved dog Blondie. The Fuhrer's body was burned by those close to him in the courtyard of the Reich Chancellery.

Every artist who depicts the sky as green and the grass as blue must be sterilized.

The future Fuhrer of the German people, the leader of the most "civilized Aryan" race, was born in the center of Europe, in Austria, in the town of Braunau on the Inn River. His parents are 52-year-old Alois and 20-year-old Clara Giedler (née Pelzl). Both branches of his family hailed from the Waldviertel (Lower Austria), a remote hilly region where communities of small farmers worked hard. Alois, the son of a wealthy peasant, instead of following the beaten path, made a career as a customs official, moving up the career ladder quite well. Alois, being illegitimate, bore the surname Schicklgruber until 1876 - his mother's surname, until he officially changed it - as he was brought up in the house of his uncle Johann Nepomuk Hiedler - to Hitler. By April 1889, when his son was born, Alois was married for the third time. He was a rather prosperous burgher, who received more than a decent state pension and tried to live in an urban manner, strenuously copying the "master's" way of life. He even bought himself an estate near the town of Lambach, becoming, though not a large, but a landowner (later, Alois, however, was forced to sell it).

The neighbors unanimously recognized his authority (it was hard not to recognize the authority of the angry and noisy mustachioed man, who always walked in an official uniform). Adolf's mother was a quiet, hard-working, pious woman with a serious, pale face and huge attentive eyes. She was, as they write about her, some downtrodden. True, "downtrodden" here must be understood in two ways: as an argument in family quarrels, Alois did not hesitate to give free rein to his fists. And the reason for quarrels could be anything. In particular, the dissatisfaction of the retired customs officer was caused by the fact that Clara could not give birth to his son in any way. The presence of a male descendant was a key moment for Alois. Adolf and his younger sister Paula were born weak, prone to a host of different diseases.

There is a version according to which Hitler's father was half Jewish, and Adolf Hitler himself was a quarter Jew, that is, Hitler has Jewish blood, and in this regard, he simply does not have the right to make anti-Semitic speeches. It should be noted that Adolf himself was born as a result of incest, since his father Alois Hitler married a woman (Hitler's future mother) for the third time, being related to her in the second degree. So, Adolf Hitler, one of the most often cursed historical characters of the last century, entered this world, having inherited from his parents not very good health, but instead a clear mind and the persistence inherent in the peasants in achieving the goal. It was this perseverance that caused his highest rise and deepest fall.

Having learned to read early, he quickly got used to his father's library and honed on his peers the ability to tell stories read from books. The oratory of the German Fuhrer is rooted in his distant childhood. However, not only oratory - comes from childhood and has become a world-famous symbol of the swastika. He first saw the swastika, or "Hang's cross", at the age of six, when he was a chorister in a boys' choir in Lambach, in eastern Austria. It was introduced by the former abbot Hang as the coat of arms of the monastery and in 1860 was carved on a stone slab above the bypass gallery of the monastery. A banner with a swastika designed personally by Hitler in 1920 became the banner of the NSDAP, and in 1935 - the state flag of Nazi Germany.

Adolf stood out among his comrades for his perseverance, turning out to be a leader in all children's games. Moreover, the love of storytelling and a penchant for leadership almost led the future leader of the German people to a church career. “In my free time from other activities, I studied singing at a choir school in Lambach,” he recalled in the pages of “My Struggle.” “This gave me the opportunity to often go to church and directly intoxicate with the splendor of the ritual and the solemn splendor of church festivities. It would be very natural if the position of abbot were now as ideal for me as the position of village pastor was for my father in his time. For some time this was so. But my father did not like either the oratorical talents of his fighter son, nor mine dreams of becoming an abbot." Thoughts about the clergy visited not only Hitler, Joseph Goebbels, Hitler's closest ally, dreamed of becoming a church hierarch in his time. If their dreams come true, the church would undoubtedly acquire wonderful, selflessly devoted servants, and the world - who knows! – would do without the Third Reich.

However, the dream of a future connected with the church soon left Adolf Hitler, replaced by the dream of becoming a soldier. Adolf overcame the junior classes of the basic "folk" school without difficulty. But, after graduating from the basic classes, it was necessary to choose a gymnasium or a real school in order to continue education. Naturally, Alois did not like the gymnasium. This, firstly, would have cost the family quite dearly, and secondly, at the gymnasium they taught a lot of humanitarian subjects that were completely unnecessary for an official in the public service. Therefore, Adolf began to attend a real school in Linz, where his success was very mediocre. The childhood dream of a military career faded slightly, and the desire to become an artist took its place. This idea, backed up by good taste, a firm hand and the skill of a draftsman, took possession of Hitler for a long time. But his father was against it. It's one thing to be able to draw, and another to give up everything for the unclear future that awaits the artist!

Alois Giedler was heavy on hand and quick to kill, and often used his fists when other arguments were over or he was too drunk to resort to them. So, contradicting his father, Adolf exposed himself to a very real danger: while drunk, Alois did not look where he was hitting, and did not measure his strength. A sensational discovery has been made in Germany: a diary written by Adolf Hitler's younger sister, Paula, has been discovered. The diary testifies that Paula's brother was an aggressive teenager and often beat her. Historians have also discovered memoirs written jointly by Hitler's half-brother Alois and half-sister Angela. One of the passages describes the cruelty of Hitler's father, also named Alois, and how Adolf's mother tried to protect her son from constant beatings; “In fear, seeing that her father could no longer contain his unbridled anger, she decided to end these tortures. She goes up to the attic and covers Adolf with her body. When Adolf Hitler was 13 years old, his father died suddenly of apoplexy.

Adolf somehow made it to graduation in a real school, and was already preparing for the matriculation exams. But then a misfortune happened to him: he came down with pneumonia and, at the insistence of doctors, for a long time was forced to avoid serious stress on the nervous system. The year following his recovery, Hitler did not work or study. However, he went to Vienna to find out about the possibility of entering the Academy of Arts, enrolled in the library of the Public Education Society, read a lot, and took piano lessons. His life in that year would have been completely blissful, if not for the circumstance that overshadowed everything - the intensified illness of his mother, after the death of her husband. Fearing that, having left Linz, he would no longer find Clara alive, Adolf abandoned the idea of ​​entering the Academy of Arts in the fall and stayed with his mother. In January 1907, she underwent an operation, and although, according to the admission of the attending physician, this could only delay her death for a short time, Clara assured her son that her condition was steadily improving. Adolf, reassured by these assurances, again went to Vienna, cherishing the dream of finally becoming a real artist.

Hitler took exams at the Academy of Arts. “When they announced to me that I was not accepted, it acted on me like a bolt from the blue,” Adolf wrote in the pages of My Struggle. “Dejected, I left the beautiful building on Schiller Square and for the first time in my short life experienced a feeling of disharmony with what I now heard from the rector's lips regarding my abilities, immediately, like lightning, illuminated for me those internal contradictions that I had semiconsciously experienced before. A few days later it became quite clear to me and myself that I should become an architect. I wonder how subjective this assessment could be. When in 1919 the paintings of Adolf Hitler - watercolor landscapes and portraits painted in oils - were shown to a great connoisseur of painting, Professor Ferdinand Steger, he issued an unequivocal verdict: "A completely unique talent." And how would history have turned if the rector of the Academy had made such a conclusion?!

But soon Adolf was not up to architecture. He was forced to return to Linz: his mother was dying. In December 1908 she died, which was a huge shock in Hitler's life. After the death of his mother, Adolf again went to Vienna. Thus, the childhood of Adolf Hitler cannot be called a "golden time" - a heavy hand, a despotic father, a downtrodden, intimidated mother, a dream of a church career ... And the dreams inherent in weak, reserved, but smart children - about justice, about a better life, about correct laws, as well as the ability to adapt, combined with fanaticism in achieving a once set goal. The order which, after many years, he established in Germany has its roots in childhood.

After a short time, he managed to find a job “according to his profile”: “In 1909-1910, my personal situation changed somewhat. At this time, I began to work as a draftsman and watercolorist. from the point of view of my chosen profession. Now I no longer returned home in the evening dead tired and unable even to pick up a book. My present work went in parallel with my future profession. Now I was in a certain sense the master of my time and could distribute it better, than before. I painted for a living and studied for my soul." It should be said that Hitler's watercolors were sold out very actively: he was still a good artist. Even those who considered themselves his political opponent and did not have to praise at least some of his manifestations, recognized the paintings of the young Austrian as a significant achievement in art.

One of the reasons for Hitler's desire to become an artist or architect was the desire to enter the class that rules the world, the elite and Bohemia, to continue and surpass the work of his father, who had risen from peasants to officials. In the Vienna period, Adolf's political preferences also began to take shape. Probably Adolf's anti-Semitism also comes from Vienna. On the one hand, the Jews in Austria-Hungary were not loved and despised. This anti-Semitism at the everyday level was familiar to Hitler from childhood, was for him an integral part of the existing world. On the other hand, when Adolf moved to Vienna and tried to make a career as an artist, he could not help but notice how much influence and what financial opportunities were concentrated in the hands of unloved and despised Jews. This contradiction could, of course, be the source of his anti-Semitism.

A few years later, Hitler's Vienna period ended. The hopelessness of his position in the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, multiplied by the ever-growing nationalism, pushed Adolf away from Austria, north to Germany, Hitler moved to Munich. Another of the reasons that prompted Adolf to leave Austria was that the time had come for him to be drafted into the army. But he did not want to serve Austria-Hungary. He did not want to fight for the Habsburgs, preferring the Hohenzollerns to them, did not want to serve along with the Slavs and Jews, considering the only worthy service for the good of Germany. By that time, Adolf felt himself no longer an Austrian, but a German. Be that as it may, the verdict of the Austrian commission about unfitness for service did not prevent him in the very first days of the First World War from appearing at the German recruiting station and volunteering for the Bavarian 16th Reserve Infantry Regiment. The artist's career ended for him on this, and the career of a soldier began.

Hitler's first baptism of fire (October 29, 1914) fell on the days of one of the bloodiest battles of the First World War. The German army rushed to the English Channel in order to later cover France from two sides, however, experienced British units stood in the way of the Germans, who put up stubborn and, as it turned out a little later, successful resistance. The death toll in the 16th Bavarian was hundreds of people. In this battle, the unit lost its commander and gained notoriety, but many of the survivors were presented with an award for bravery. He was awarded the Iron Cross of the second degree and Adolf Hitler.

This award, oddly enough, even before the presentation saved his life. When the list of those presented for the award was discussed, the soldiers were put out of the headquarters tent into the street - only the colonel and four company commanders remained there. In less than a few minutes, an artillery shell hit the tent. All who were there were killed or wounded, but Hitler and his three comrades remained unharmed. It must be said that in the war, Adolf was distinguished, among other things, by extraordinary luck. Several cases are described when, obeying an inner voice or a combination of circumstances, he avoided death. He described one of these cases in conversations with his comrades-in-arms. Dining on the front line, he seemed to hear an inner voice commanding him to move to another place. “I got up and walked 20 meters away, taking my dinner in a pot, sat down again and calmly continued my meal. As soon as I started eating, I heard an explosion in that part of the funnel that I had just left. A stray grenade hit exactly the place where I had just that he dined with his comrades. They all perished." The ability to feel danger on a subconscious level and effectively avoid it, Hitler demonstrated later, during numerous attempts on his life.

Having survived the first terrible battle, Adolf received the post of liaison between the headquarters of the regiment and the advanced positions - he became a scooter - a messenger on a bicycle. The commanders assessed him as a conscientious, solid and calm person, somewhat non-military in appearance, who did not differ much from his comrades. Fellow soldiers very soon pasted him a "label" crazy. Too unusual seemed to them the silence of Hitler, his habit, when there was nothing to do, with an absent look to freeze in thought, from which he could not be torn out by any force. However, from time to time he became extremely talkative and burst into long tirades, almost speeches on the topic of his thoughts. Most of them were about his concern for victory, about the enemies on the other side of the front and the enemies in the rear. Hitler was strongly affected by the Kaiser's propaganda, which kept talking about an international conspiracy against Germany.

Hitler believed in the "Stab in the Back Theory" - in the assertion that at the same time as the enemies who openly oppose Germany, there are also conspirators who undermine her strength from the inside. He seemed like an exemplary zealous soldier, descended from the pages of a patriotic calendar or an agitator. Naturally, there was no question of the fervent love of fellow soldiers for him. They considered him a sick corporal in the head, dreaming of earning another stripe. He paid them the same: it was hard for the intelligent, puritanically educated Adolf to fit into their environment - he was shocked by the humor of the barracks, he was infuriated by conversations about women and brothels. Therefore, for a long time Adolf remained a loner, strong friendship did not connect him with practically anyone . However, this in no way detracts from his courage and merits. There are cases when he saved the regiment commander, literally pulling him out from under the fire of an enemy machine gun, managed to single-handedly capture an English patrol, dragged a company commander wounded by shrapnel to the German trenches, reached artillery positions under fire, preventing shelling of his infantry. True, you can not believe all the stories that have come down from those times. For example, the case included in the anthologies of the Third Reich, when Hitler single-handedly disarmed fifty Frenchmen, is pure fantasy from the category of domestic textbook stories about Lenin and the inkwell.

But be that as it may, in August 1918 he was awarded a rare award for a soldier - the Iron Cross of the first degree. In the presentation for the award, it was written: “In the conditions of positional and maneuver warfare, he was an example of composure and courage and was always called up as a volunteer in order to deliver the necessary orders in the most difficult situations with the greatest danger to life. When all lines of communication were cut off in heavy battles, the most important messages, despite all the obstacles, were delivered to their destination thanks to the tireless and courageous behavior of Hitler. During the four years of the war, he participated in 47 battles, often finding himself in the thick of it. By the way, over time, his courage and ability to instinctively avoid senseless danger earned him authority among the front-line brotherhood. He became something of a regimental talisman: fellow soldiers were sure that if Hitler was nearby, nothing would happen. It should be noted that this hit him hard in the head, reinforcing the idea that he had been smoldering since childhood about his chosenness, inherent in all overly developed and therefore lonely children and young people.

Similarly, during the war years, his confidence that an internal conspiracy still exists was strengthened. This happened during his stay in the rear in the autumn of 1916, when, after a slight wound in the thigh, he was sent to the infirmary near Berlin. In the rear, Adolf spent almost five months, and, by his own admission, it was not the best time. The fact is that by this moment the general enthusiasm for the war, which united all Germans, had somehow subsided, the war had turned into a purely familiar phenomenon and, frankly, already set on edge. As a result, which is very typical for wartime, a variety of human "foam" - impudent rear men, with contempt for those who rot in the trenches, playboys - the sons of wealthy parents, political agitators of a defeatist persuasion. The mood of a soldier who arrived for a short time from the front is perfectly described by Erich Maria Remarque in the novel All Quiet on the Western Front. For a man like Hitler, who was completely and completely influenced by front-line experiences and military propaganda, this picture should have been simply shocking. He was especially annoyed by the Social Democrats, who continued their revolutionary agitation, despite the difficult situation in Germany. They, and therefore the Jews, Hitler considered the main culprits of what was happening. However, soon the gallant corporal with an untreated wound returned to the front; being in the rear was a burden to him. In addition, the main thing he dreamed about at that time was victory.

At the beginning of 1918, Germany dictated its terms at Brest-Litovsk, and a little over a month later concluded the Treaty of Bucharest with Romania. The depleting power of the war on two fronts is over. Who knows what the victory in Germany in the First World War would have turned out to be? Could it be that the National Socialist Party would not have been founded at all, or, having been founded, it would have remained a small extremist circle?

But Germany's forces were already undermined. There were not enough resources, the front was choking with blood without reinforcements. The advance has stalled. If the imperial military machine were more flexible, this moment could have been chosen for the conclusion of a truce on no less favorable terms than in Brest-Litovsk. Or find additional reserves, carry out total mobilization and win the war, in which only a few steps remained before victory. However, the German command hesitated, and, realizing that this was the first and, perhaps, the only chance for a counterattack, the Entente went on the offensive in early August 1918. At the end of September, it became clear that if a truce was not concluded right now, the war would be lost. The transition from the expectation of an imminent victory to the doom of defeat hit hard all over Germany.

Adolf Hitler also came under attack: this situation was just a shock for him. Nevertheless, he did not give up and, with fanatical stubbornness, continued to hope for a miracle, that Germany would nevertheless be able to get out of the war with dignity. However, a combination of circumstances forced him to end the war: in the battle at Ypres, on the night of October 14, Hitler came under fire from gas shells. A few hours later, he was practically blind, experienced severe pain and pain in his eyes, and, naturally, was sent to the infirmary. In this infirmary, he met the news of the end of the war and the fall of the monarchy. On November 10, the infirmary priest informed the wounded that a revolution had taken place in Germany, a republic had been established, and a truce had been concluded. Heinz Guderian, an officer of the German General Staff, wrote in November 1918 to his wife from Munich: “Our beautiful German Empire is no more. Scoundrels trample everything into the ground. All concepts of justice and order, duty and decency seem to have been destroyed. I only regret that I have there is no civilian dress here so as not to show the crowd rushing to power the uniform that I wore with honor for twelve years.

The war ended in defeat. Together with her, the period of time during which Adolf Hitler remained a person, although politically oriented, but not striving to personally engage in political games, came to an end. The defeat of Germany crystallized in him - a small, untalented, but, in principle, a very average little man - those features and aspirations that made him the Fuhrer, the leader of the most famous totalitarian state in the world. But even this would not have been so important if fate had not provided him with the conditions in which he was able to apply these traits and realize his aspirations.

If the Allies had not been so frightened by the protracted war, if they had not strived to neutralize Germany forever, most likely, nothing much would have happened. There would be no chain of political crises that brought Hitler to power, no "black Reichswehr", no World War II. However, the members of the Entente, putting forward demands on the losing side, went too far, turning the completely legal punishment for the defeated enemy in the form of reparations and partial demilitarization into a shameful execution. Germany, already exhausted by the war, was robbed. The discrepancy between the volume of working capital and their provision gave rise to hyperinflation. The sharp, literally instantaneous closure of military factories, the reduction of the army and navy spilled such a volume of labor into the unprepared market for this that unemployment exceeded all limits. Announcements "I am looking for a job of any kind" have become commonplace, the criminogenic situation has escalated beyond measure. This, however, is understandable: on the street, with virtually no means of subsistence, hundreds of thousands of embittered healthy men found themselves professionally able to hold weapons in their hands. The country, until recently strong and rich, was plunged into poverty and lawlessness. Territorial losses gave strength to nationalist sentiments, which soon degenerated into hatred for all "non-Germans." Instead of a safe, emasculated country, the backyard of Europe, the allies have created an enemy, albeit still weak, but truly fierce, waiting in the wings.

In order for this hour to strike, Germany lacked quite a bit - a force capable of taking power and achieving its goal - revenge. It is in this situation that Adolf Hitler plunges headlong - a retired corporal with two “wounded” stripes, twice holder of the Iron Cross, holder of a diploma “For courage in the face of the enemy”, a person who is not too lucky, quick-tempered and stubborn, well-read, possessing talent an artist and a good ear, having his own view of the world. To the world, which at that time he did not like at all. The war left a deep mark on his life. She finally gave him the goal to which he had always striven. After a humiliating defeat for Germany in the war, Hitler returned to Munich. Enraged by the revolution in Germany and the rise of the Weimar Republic, he turned to politics to simultaneously oppose both the Versailles Treaty of 1919 and the new German democracy. Since he was still on the staff of his old regiment, he was assigned to spy on political parties.

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The surname of Adolf Hitler has been worrying professional historians for several decades, who are simply interested, lovers of political battles and debates, as well as many others. Perhaps it is not an exaggeration to say that this topic has already gone beyond just curious information. Like Adolf Hitler himself, the real name of this man has long been the object of speculation by various forces. Some are trying to find Jewish roots in him, after that building theories about secret cooperation, about a well-thought-out initial conspiracy. For others, the real name of Hitler is a reason to denigrate the whole family of the future Fuhrer for several generations, to search for physical and mental abnormalities in relatives, or simply to dig in dirty laundry. However, researchers have long put an end to this issue. The real name of Hitler is already known, and if you look, there are no significant reasons for discussion. All existing disputes are largely far-fetched. Let's try to figure it out.

What is the Hitler's real name?

The future leader of the Nazi Party was born on April 20, 1889. His father, Alois Hitler, was first a shoemaker and later a civil servant. By the way, the father's attempt to force his son to also become a state clerk not least instilled in the latter a dislike for all sorts of conventions and, in general, strict service. In this regard, it is interesting that Alois lived with the surname Schicklgruber until 1876.

Hence the widespread opinion that this is the real name of Hitler. However, it is not. The fact is that the father of the future Fuhrer was an illegitimate child and until the age of 39 he was forced to bear the name of his mother, since she was not married at that time, and the father was not legally established. Five years after the birth of Alois, his mother Maria Anna Schicklgruber marries the poor miller Johann Hitler. Biographers of the Fuhrer believe that his probable grandfather was one of the Hitler brothers.

In 1876, witnesses confirmed that Alois' real father was Johann Hitler, which made it possible for the man to change his mother's surname to that of his father.

As for Adolf, this change took place thirteen years before his birth, so he was not a Schicklgruber for a single day in his life. And such a delusion is very common, moreover, it once crept even into some quite serious sources. There really were families with such a surname in his family, but it has completely German roots. So calling Hitler Schicklgruber is as legitimate as giving him any other surname that his distant and close relatives once bore. As far as biographers have been able to trace, Adolf Hitler's ancestors were peasants on both the paternal and maternal lines. Another interesting incident with the name "Hitler" is that for many centuries it was recorded by ear by priests. For this reason, they even had slightly different spellings in the documents, and as a result, slightly different sounds of their own surnames: Hidler, Hitler, Gudler, and so on.

Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) - a great political and military figure, the founder of the totalitarian dictatorship of the Third Reich, the leader of the National Socialist German Workers' Party, the founder and ideologist of the theory of National Socialism.

Hitler is known to the whole world, first of all, as a bloody dictator, a nationalist who dreamed of taking over the whole world and purging it of people of the "wrong" (not Aryan) race. He conquered half the world, launched a world war, created one of the most brutal political systems and destroyed millions of people in his camps.

Brief biography of Adolf Hitler

Hitler was born in a small town on the border between Germany and Austria. At school, the boy did not study well, and he never managed to get a higher education - he tried twice to enter the Academy of Arts (Hitler had artistic talent), but he was never accepted.

At a young age at the beginning of the First World War, Hitler voluntarily went to fight at the front, where the birth of a great politician and National Socialist took place in him. Hitler achieved success in his military career, received the rank of corporal and several military awards. In 1919, he returned from the war and joined the German Workers' Party, where he was also quickly promoted. During a serious economic and political crisis in Germany, Hitler skillfully carried out a series of National Socialist reforms in the party and achieved the post of head of the party in 1921. Since that time, he began to actively promote his policies and new national ideas, using the party apparatus and his military experience.

After the Bavarian putsch was organized on Hitler's orders, he was immediately arrested and sent to prison. It was during the time spent in prison that Hitler wrote one of his main works, Mein Kampf (My Struggle), in which he outlined all his thoughts on the current situation, outlined his position on racial issues (the superiority of the Aryan race), declared war Jews and communists, and also stated that it was Germany that should become the dominant state in the world.

Hitler's path to world domination began in 1933 when he was appointed Chancellor of Germany. Hitler got his post thanks to the economic reforms he carried out, which helped to overcome the crisis that erupted in 1929 (Germany was ruined after the First World War and was not in the best position). After his appointment as Reich Chancellor, Hitler immediately banned all other parties except the Nationalist Party. In the same period, a law was passed according to which Hitler became dictators for 4 years, having unlimited power.

A year later, in 1934, he himself appointed himself the leader of the "Third Reich" - a new political system based on the nationalist principle. Hitler's struggle with the Jews flared up - SS detachments and concentration camps were created. In the same period, the army was completely modernized and re-equipped - Hitler was preparing for a war that was supposed to bring Germany world domination.

In 1938, Hitler's victorious march around the world began. First, Austria was captured, then Czechoslovakia - they were annexed to the territory of Germany. The Second World War was in full swing. In 1941, Hitler's army attacked the USSR (the Great Patriotic War), but in four years of hostilities, Hitler failed to capture the country. The Soviet army, on the orders of Stalin, pushed back the German troops and captured Berlin.

At the end of the war, in his last days, Hitler controlled the troops from an underground bunker, but this did not help. Humiliated by defeat, Adolf Hitler, along with his wife Eva Braun, committed suicide in 1945.

The main provisions of Hitler's policy

Hitler's policy is a policy of racial discrimination and the superiority of one race and people over another. This is what guided the dictator, both in domestic and foreign policy. Germany under his leadership was to become a racially pure power that follows socialist principles and is ready to take the lead in the world. In order to achieve this ideal, Hitler pursued a policy of extermination of all other races, Jews were subjected to special persecution. At first they were simply deprived of all civil rights, and then they simply began to be caught and killed with particular cruelty. Later, captured soldiers also ended up in concentration camps during World War II.

However, it is worth noting that Hitler managed to significantly improve the German economy and bring the country out of the crisis. Hitler significantly reduced unemployment. He raised the industry (it was now focused on serving the military industry), encouraged various social events and various holidays (exclusively among the native German population). Germany, in general, before the war was able to get on its feet and gain some economic stability.

Results of Hitler's reign

• Germany managed to get out of the economic crisis;
• Germany turned into a National Socialist state, which bore the unofficial name of the "Third Reich" and pursued a policy of racial discrimination and terror;
• Hitler became one of the main figures who unleashed the Second World War. He managed to seize vast territories and significantly increase the political influence of Germany in the world;
• Hundreds of thousands of innocent people, including children and women, were killed during Hitler's reign of terror. Numerous concentration camps, where Jews and other objectionable personalities were taken, became death chambers for hundreds of people, only a few survived;
• Hitler is considered one of the most brutal world dictators in the history of mankind.

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It must be assumed that none of the many henchmen, flatterers and sycophants, saying on this day toasts and many years in honor of the beloved Fuhrer, could not have imagined the inglorious and shameful end awaiting the leader of the Reich in just six years.

On merit and reward ... but for now, Hitler's close associates sing praises to him and present a variety of, often very original gifts. Many donors are waiting for the same unenviable and well-deserved fate as the hero of the day himself.

1. In the first picture, the famous automobile designer Ferdinand Porsche (in the center, in a civilian suit), Adolf Hitler and the head of the German Labor Front Robert Ley admire the gift to the Führer from Porsche - a Volkswagen convertible.

2. Hitler accepts congratulations from Heinrich Hoffmann, his personal photographer, and Theodor Morrell, the Fuhrer's personal doctor, is waiting a little to the right of the queue.

3. Gifts received for a significant anniversary are stored in one of the rooms of the Reich Chancellery.

4. A gift from Porsche especially liked Hitler. According to some reports, the Fuhrer loved fast driving until 1939, when he suddenly became concerned about a possible accident, and limited the speed of his motorcade to 55 km / h.

5. Gifts continue to accumulate in the Reich Chancellery, apparently not particularly seducing the Fuhrer - numerous paintings, sculptures and figurines. Noteworthy is the flower vase with the swastika in the right corner of the picture.

6. Another gift - a model of the Condor aircraft. Hitler is clearly more interested in all sorts of technical things than paintings and vases. To the left of Hitler stands Hans Bauer, the personal pilot of the leader.

7. Golden model of the House of German Art (Haus der Deutschen Kunst), a museum built in 1937 in Munich, designed to perpetuate the greatness and superiority of Nazi art. This gift was made by Hermann Göring, commander of the Luftwaffe.

8. Once again, Ferdinand Porsche pleases the Fuhrer with a car model.

9. And one more model, unfortunately of an unidentified building, handmade jewelry.

10. In honor of the birthday of the father of the nation, the streets of Berlin are illuminated with festive illumination, the Brandenburg Gate is illuminated and decorated.

11. Of course, a parade and a mass rally took place on the occasion of the anniversary.

12. Band members are preparing to take part in the festive parade.

13. Axis East-West (Ost-West-Achse), the longest 50-kilometer avenue, a street for mass processions and parades, part of the Nazi master plan to rebuild Berlin. A section of this axis, 12 kilometers long, was opened just in time for Hitler's birthday.

14. Troops march in the face of the Fuhrer during a festive military parade.18. Congratulatory banner with the inscription "Wir danken dir" (We thank you). The inscription clearly alludes to Bach's famous cantata "Wir danken dir, Gott, wir danken dir" (We thank you, Lord, we thank you). Adolf Hitler is now acting as God, no more, no less. Very soon there will be a severe sobering up in Germany.