Many people are interested in the question of which snow melts faster: clean or dirty? By the way, there are at least three correct answers to it.

To find the answer to the question of which snow melts faster: clean or dirty, you need to figure out what the subject of discussion is.

Looking at snowflakes, everyone can notice that they consist of small ice needles that stick together into a certain geometrically correct design. Why this happens is a completely different question. Now it is important to understand that snow in its chemical composition is water in a solid (frozen) state.

What is the melting point of ice and snow?

There is a second important factor needed when looking for an answer to the question of which snow melts faster: clean or dirty. It's ice and snow.

It is known that water from its solid state to liquid passes at 0 degrees Celsius. It was this point that was taken as a reference when compiling the degree scale, which we all use in practical life. That is, there is no surprising coincidence that ice melts at 0 degrees. It was just convenient for scientists to take this temperature as the main starting point. Just like 100 degrees Celsius is nothing but (transition from liquid to gaseous) the same water. In other words, at this moment steam is formed. In general, this is understandable. After all, water on Earth is the very substance that we can easily observe in all three states.

This is the steam coming from the spout of the kettle, that is, gas. This is directly water, that is, a liquid. This is snow with ice, that is, a solid substance.

Which snow melts faster: clean or dirty?

In this case, two more factors are important. Firstly, where is the snow - in a room isolated from sunlight, or in an open area. Secondly, what is meant by the word "dirty".

If we assume that snow is soiled with earth, sand or other solid substances that cannot dissolve in water, then there will be one answer to the question of which snow melts faster: clean or dirty. But if we talk about a mixture of snow with soluble substances, such as salts, then the answer will be different. This happens because salt solutions have a lower freezing point.

That is, snow with an admixture of salt at 0 degrees begins to melt, since at the point of contact there is a mixing of substances - water and salt. A saline solution can be in a solid state at a temperature slightly lower than 0 degrees.

Now everyone understands why the ice on the roads is sprinkled with salt in winter? So that it melts and loses its hardness and, as a result, slipperiness.

Dirty and clean snow in the room

But suppose we are not talking about snow sprinkled with salt, but about the one on which coal or earth was poured. How will this fact affect the rate of its melting?

Speaking from the point of view of the melting point, then no way. The clean and dirty snow brought from the street into the room will turn into water at the same time. Since the transition temperature of both of them from a solid state to a liquid state is the same.

Melting clean and dirty snow on the street

But here the question arises: "Why is snow that interferes with pedestrians sprinkled with sand and earth in spring? And why is dirty snow faster than clean snow?"

The answer is simple: this is due to the fact that the white color repels the sun's rays, and the dark one attracts. Therefore, dirty snow heats up faster than white, clean snow.

It turns out that the janitors also need to be at least a little familiar with the basics of physics and chemistry in order to do their job well. After all, it was only a competent snow cleaner who came up with the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bsprinkling ice paths with salt and sand in order to quickly and easily bring his site into proper order.

Natalia Fedotova

First step into science 2014»

Section of the natural science direction.

Research project"Can I eat snow?»

Konovalov Artyom, MBDOU "Chuvarley kindergarten "Bell", preparatory group

Konovalov Maxim, MBDOU "Chuvarley kindergarten "Bell", preparatory group.

Scientific director:

Fedotova Natalya Nikolaevna, teacher of MBDOU "Chuvarleysky kindergarten "Bell".

Relevance: Probably every child in their life has ever tried snow. And he never thought about snow white means pure Why do adults say, what he filthy. My brother Maxim and I also thought about this and decided to find an answer to this question: "Can I eat snow?»

Target: Find out whether or not to eat snow?

Study plan:

1. Ask the children of our kindergarten.

2. Ask adults.

3. Do research snow.

4. Summarize the results and get an answer to our question, even the most terrible truth!

Materials and equipment:

1. Disposable cups.

2. Napkins.

3. Magnifying glass.

When we came to kindergarten, we began to ask many of our friends if they had eaten snow and whether it can be done. There have been a lot of questions.

Of the 15 children we interviewed, all said that snow tried, although 11 people said that this should not be done. 2 people said that it is quite possible, 3 people did not answer.

With many accumulated questions, we turned to our teacher, Natalya Nikolaevna. Our work was completed in 4 stages.

2. Research snow

The work was decided to start with the collection of the studied material. Snow is now all over the place. We decided to take it in three different places, for comparison.

one cup snow recruited at the site of the kindergarten, the second at the edge of Chuvarleysky pine forest, the third - in the city, because Natalya Nikolaevna lives there, and we became interested in what snow in the city is dirty or clean. We signed all the cups. They turned out three: "Kindergarten", "Forest", "City".

We brought all the cups to the kindergarten. When asked about clean snow or mud we couldn't answer right away. To get faster snow melted, we decided to put all the cups on batteries and see what would happen with snow. The snow began to melt. It was immediately clear that in a glass with the inscription "City" snow melted much faster and the water there was much dirtier than in the other two.

When snow completely melted - melt water was formed. Then the water from each cup was poured onto a white napkin and they decided to look at them when they were dry.

We noticed that on all dried napkins there is dirt, but on napkins with the inscription "Kindergarten", "Forest", the dirt is barely visible, and on a napkin with the inscription "City" dirt visible to the naked eye.

Research result:

We found out that snow is melt water. And dirty snow from the city melts faster than snow from the countryside. In the countryside snow is cleaner than in the city. Melt water and snow contains mud. Means snow is dirty, A you can't eat dirty snow!

Now we know for sure that snow you can’t eat either in the village or in the city, because it filthy.

Bibliography

1. Zubkova N. M. Five thousand - where. Seven thousand-like, one hundred thousand- Why. Experiments and experiments for children from 5 to 9 years old - St. Petersburg: Speech, 2008. - 64 p.

2. Ivanova AI Ecological observations and experiments in kindergarten. - M.: TC Sphere, 2008.- 240s.

3. Medvedeva T. Cognitive activity of older preschoolers / / Preschool education No. 6,2006.-41s.

4. Ryzhkova N. A. Water sorceress. Educational and methodical set. - M.: LINKA_ PRESS, 2008.-13s.

5. Savenkov A. Research methods of teaching in preschool education / / Preschool education No. 1,4,2006.

6. Chekhonina O. Experimentation as the main type of search activity / / Preschool education No. 6, 2007.-13p.

The purpose of this simple experiment was to show the children what snow really is and how much dirt it contains, despite the apparent purity and whiteness. We, adults, know firsthand how in childhood we want to lick an icicle and make ice cream out of snow! So I decided to conduct this experiment with my children, hoping that if they suddenly want to crunch another icicle, maybe they will remember our classes, dirty snowy water and still not eat this nasty snow.

Snow is a form of precipitation made up of small ice crystals. It forms when microscopic water droplets in clouds are attracted to dust particles and freeze. (So ​​that's why the snow is already falling dirty from above.)
On the street, after a recent snowfall, we collected a bucket of snow, which, in our opinion, was so clean.

They brought the snow home and waited for it to melt.
But the snow melted very slowly.

We decided to speed up the process by placing our bucket in a bowl of warm water. And the process went much faster.

When all the snow finally turned into water, we poured it into a jar.
And this is what we saw:

The melt water was muddy and dirty looking.
It is disgusting to drink such water - my little researchers concluded. Q.E.D!

We also talked about filters and even decided to try to make our own filter and looked at how filters work using our dirty water as an example. We passed the water through a cotton pad, which we put in the funnel. The dirt remained on the cotton wool, and the resulting water was clearly cleaner than before filtration. This is how dirty the water turned out to be:

PS: While doing this experiment, we drew attention to another completely obvious, but important point. We brought home a whole bucket of snow, and after melting, it turned out to be not a bucket at all, but a small jar. And we talked about the fact that snow is fluffy, it consists of snowflakes that do not lie close to each other, there is air between them, and that each snowflake is a very, very small drop of water. And besides, it turns out that snowflakes are 95% air! That is why snowflakes fall so slowly, and snow has a very low density.

© "My Kids"
When using the materials of this article, an active link to the site is required.

Feature articles:

Limiting the use of chemicals in snow removal. It was a chance to somehow reduce the use of toxic substances in cities that poison us and nature, damage cars and shoes.

The bill proposed the use of reagents only on the roadway. A necessary measure, but not enough to protect the health of citizens. Greenpeace to deputies and officials, calling for a complete cessation of the use of chemical reagents containing heavy metals. But the authorities ignored the opinion of environmentalists, as well as thousands who asked deputies to pass a bill against toxic reagents.

For deputies who doubt the possibility of a future without reagents, we advise you to study the experience of the northern capital. This year, the Committee for the Improvement of St. Petersburg decided to abandon de-icing reagents and significantly reduce the use of salt, replacing all this with high-quality and timely snow removal.

After the first big snowfall, the people of St. Petersburg simply showered the department with thanks. “When cleanliness and white hail all around pleases with its frosty and snowy freshness, then you want to walk more carefully, treat nature more carefully, admire the beauty around more ...” - citizens write on the pages of the Committee in social networks.

“For the first year, it feels like we have a normal European city!” "It's just some kind of happiness, walking in clean shoes and driving a clean car." “Many thanks from dog lovers! For years, our animals have suffered from paw-corrosive chemicals!”

Many had fears that if the snow and ice were not chemically treated, the traffic situation would worsen. But the traffic police hastened to dispel these doubts. In the first week of January of the new year in St. Petersburg there were 10% fewer accidents than in the past, and the number of accidents with injuries decreased by as much as 40%.

“I noticed that people began to drive more carefully, keep their distance. And when they drive through the mud, people have more aggression, they rush themselves they don’t know where, ” - stand theory townspeople.

Muscovites can only dream of a winter with white snow.

Muscovites and residents of many other cities can only dream of a white fluffy winter. Roads, paths and sidewalks continue to be generously sprinkled with a toxic compound mixed with a huge amount of toxic substances: lead, mercury, copper, molybdenum, chromium, arsenic, cadmium, nickel (this is an incomplete list).

It not only forms caustic liquid mud underfoot, but also poses a serious risk to our nervous, immune and respiratory systems. Only in Moscow during winter cleaning about 300 tons of toxic substances can get into the environment. And together with drinking water and urban dust, they will also enter our body.

Greenpeace will continue to fight for a winter without poisonous reagents underfoot. We call on you to support it in your cities.

The text of the work is placed without images and formulas.
The full version of the work is available in the "Job Files" tab in PDF format

Introduction

White, delicious snow is falling,

It goes straight into your mouth.

If I really want

I'll swallow the snow all at once!

And then what will happen, brothers -

Do not ride on a sled

And no snowdrifts to be seen

And don't play in the snow

And don't ski!

It will be bad for everyone without snow!

That's why, friends,

I won't eat snow, I guess!

M. Druzhinina

We live in the city of Yekaterinburg, where winters are usually cold and snowy. It turns out that we observe snow for a very long time, and when we look at it, it attracts us with its whiteness and sparkling brilliance. You so want to touch it, roll up snowballs, and sometimes even try what it tastes like. After all, it looks very appetizing! And I enjoyed eating it! But can it be done?

I wondered why adults at school and parents at home forbid eating such pure, white snow?

This question interests me and many children, and this led to the relevance of the research problem, and for this reason I, together with my friend, decided to dedicate our research to the snow.

We have the following problem: Why can't you eat snow, because it looks so clean, white and delicious?

We assumed ( hypothesis) that you can’t eat snow, because it is not as clean as it seems.

The purpose of our study:

find out why snow looks white,

find out why you can't eat snow,

To achieve these goals, we set ourselves the following tasks:

learn what snow is;

study some properties of snow

determine the purity of snow in various places;

prepare prototypes for children

The object of our study it became snow.

Subject of research was the definition of the purity of snow taken in different places.

When solving research problems, a complex was used methods:

study of information on the topic;

observations;

conducting experiments;

analysis of the obtained results.

To answer all questions, we worked according to the following plan:

discussed the topic with mothers,

looking for useful information

took snow samples in various places,

determined the purity of snow in various places,

made a presentation on research activities

designed prototypes of snow cleanliness and showed them to the children

The project was implemented in several stages:

First stage- study of literature and information on the Internet on the research problem, determination of the main directions of research.

Second phase- specification of the purpose and objectives of the study, conducting experiments to study the properties of snow, analysis of the results, generalization.

Third stage- conducting experiments to determine the purity of snow, analysis of the results, generalization.

Fourth stage- generalization and systematization of the results of the study, the design of the text of the study, the development of a presentation.

Product studies are prototypes for children of primary school age, which will prove that snow should not be eaten in any case!

1.Theoretical part.

1.1. What is snow?

I asked everyone: Why is there snow in winter? Why is it white-white, Who made it in the sky?

M. Korneeva

Every season is interesting and beautiful in its own way. But the most magical time of the year is winter. In winter, snow falls and the dirty, dull earth, as if by magic, turns into a magnificent white carpet. So snow is a miracle of nature.

Having studied various sources (dictionaries, the Internet), we learned the meaning of the word "snow".

So in the explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov it is said:

Snow is atmospheric precipitation in the form of white flakes, which are ice crystals, as well as a continuous mass of this precipitation that covers the earth in winter.

The Soviet Encyclopedic Dictionary says:

Snow is solid atmospheric precipitation, consisting of ice crystals of various shapes - snowflakes, mostly hexagonal plates and six-pointed stars; falls out of the clouds when the air temperature is below 0 0 С.

Snow is not just frozen water. Snow is formed when water vapor in the atmosphere freezes. These are millions of ice crystals that keep the shape that they got when they freeze. At first, tiny crystals appear, clean and transparent. (The crystals that make up snowflakes have a certain shape. This is either a six-pointed star, or a thin plate that has the shape of a hexagon, since the main water crystal has the shape of a regular hexagon in the plane.) Following the air currents, they will mix in the air in all directions. Gradually, these crystals “stick” to each other until there are a hundred or even more of them. When the size of the frozen ice floes is large enough, they begin to slowly sink to the ground.

2. Practical part.

2.1. It's no secret that kids, and even me, eat snow. But can it be done?

My friend and I wondered what the students in our classes think about this, it turned out that the guys know that snow cannot be eaten if it is dirty, but if it looks white and clean, then you can try it.

Conclusion: Primary school students know not to eat snow because it is dirty (may cause a stomach ache) and because it is cold (may cause a sore throat). But the guys tried or could try to eat the snow if it looked clean.

2.2. The study of the purity of the snow.

We decided to check whether it is possible to eat snow that has fallen on the ground (instead of water when you are very thirsty)? Because he's so white! Is it clean enough for that? Where is the purest snow?

We made some simple experiments to find out the purity of the snow.

We took snow samples in seven different places:

Prototype No. 1 "by the road"

Prototype No. 2 "in the courtyard of the house"

Prototype No. 3 "in the park"

Prototype No. 4 "in the forest"

Prototype No. 5 "at the school"

Prototype No. 6 "by the sidewalk"

Prototype No. 7 "from the depths"

Even at first glance, the snow was different, although in sections No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 - the snow was very white and clean. My friend and I brought all the samples taken into heat and waited for it to melt. After that, snow water from the cups was poured through the filter.

The filters showed that the snow from the side of the road was the dirtiest. It can be seen even with the naked eye! Upon closer examination, using a microscope, we found that this snow contains soot from cars, sand, grease stains and other substances. All this dirt falls onto the snow from the roadway from passing cars.

The cleanest is snow from the park and the forest, but even here particles of dirt, needles, and small debris are visible on the filter.

The snow near the school and in the yard is also dirty. Even some fat, chips, animal hair floated on the surface of the cup. Here you can remember about cats and dogs! (But that's another story altogether.)

Conclusion: So, if the melt water is dirty, then the snow is dirty. If the snow contains such substances, it must of course not be eaten. If you try to eat such snow, you can get poisoned or get a dangerous infection.

Conclusion.

Thanks to the snow, we play snowballs, build snow towns, go skiing, sledding. New Year's holidays are simply unthinkable without snow. In the course of working on this project, we realized that snow still holds many secrets. We made observations, comparisons and made conclusions. We got acquainted with the amazing properties of snow and found out that:

Snow- this is a type of precipitation that falls on the earth's surface, consisting of small ice crystals.

Snow- the accumulator of pollutants, therefore it is impossible to eat snow and drink melt water.

The results of our study showed that there is no completely pure snow. Only outwardly the snow seems white and clean. In fact, it contains dirty impurities. And this means that there is snow - dangerous for our health!

Thus, the hypothesis is that snow cannot be eaten because it is not as clean as it seems - found confirmation.

The practical significance of the work.

My friend and I have learned for ourselves the main rule that snow should not be eaten in any case! We presented the results of the study in the form of a presentation and we will definitely share the results of our work with the students of our school, and we also got acquainted with various sources of information, replenished our knowledge, and gained useful research experience.

Perspective: This topic was very interesting to us. And we would like to know what benefits snow brings, how people use snow for their own purposes.

List of sources.

Bibliography.

1. Great encyclopedia of the schoolchild "Planet Earth". "Publishing house Rosmen-Press", A. Yu. Biryukov. 2001

2. “Everything about everything” - M. 6 ZAO Planeta detstva, OOO Astrel Publishing House, AST, A. Bragin. 2001

3. Children's encyclopedia. "I know the world." - M., AST Publishing House LLC. V. A. Markin. 2001

4. Efremova T.I. New dictionary of the Russian language. Explanatory and derivational. -M.: Russian language, 2000.

5. Mishina A.K. What? For what? Why? Big book of questions and answers. -M.: EKSMO-Press, 2002. -512 p.

6. Ozhegov S.I. "Dictionary of the Russian language" M. "Russian language", 1981.

7. "Soviet Encyclopedic Dictionary". / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov.- M. "Soviet Encyclopedia", 1984

Internet resources.

http://nsportal.ru/detskiy-sad/okruzhayushchiy-http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C2%FB%F5%EB%EE%EF%ED%FB%E5_%E3%E

http://autonotes.info/vyhlopnye-gazy/

http://www.slideboom.com/presentations/780777/%

https://globallab.org/ru/project/cover/chist_li_belyi_sneg.html#.VwAETnoppqA