Before you is a map of the city of Alchevsk with the streets. It is part of the Lugansk region of Ukraine. We are studying a detailed map of Alchevsk with house numbers and streets. Real time search, weather

More about the streets of Alchevsk on the map

A detailed map of the city of Alchevsk with street names shows all routes and objects, including the street. Tchaikovsky and Repin. The city is located near.

For a detailed examination of the territory of the entire region, it is enough to change the scale of the online scheme +/-. On the page interactive map of the city of Alchevsk with addresses and routes of the area, move its center to find the streets - Gmyri and Pereezdnaya.

1. October
2. Artemovsky
3. Leninist
4. Kamenno-Brodsky

You will find all the necessary detailed information about the location of urban infrastructure in the city - shops and houses, squares and roads. City st. South and Gorky are also in sight.

Nearby are settlements: Bryanka, Perevalsk, Artemovsk, Zorinsk, Stakhanov

Satellite map of Alchevsk (Alchevsk) with Google search is waiting for you in its rubric. You can use the Yandex search to find the required house number on the map of the city and Luhansk region of Ukraine in real time. Previously, in the same way, they found the necessary

As a working settlement, Alchevsk arose in the mid-90s of the 19th century in connection with the construction of a metallurgical plant at the Yuryevka railway station (now Kommunarsk station).

The station began to function in 1878, and the city was founded in 1896.

The basis of the future city was a small settlement at the Yuryevka station and the nearby village of Vasilyevka and the Dolzhik farm, located on the territory of the Vasilyevsky volost of the Slavyanoserbsky district of the Yekaterinoslav province.

The founder of the plant was a well-known industrialist, banker, merchant Alexei Kirillovich Alchevsky.

The name of the city has changed several times. Alchevsk, Voroshilovsk, Kommunarsk, Alchevsk. Justice has triumphed, and now the city rightfully bears the name of its founder.

In addition to A. K. Alchevskiy, a significant contribution to the life of the city was made by the wife of the industrialist Khristina Danilovna Alchevskaya, who was an enlightened and intelligent woman, a Ukrainian poetess. Kh. D. Alchevskaya carried out great charitable activities, opened a women's Sunday school in Kharkov, built a school in the village of Alekseevka at her own expense, and provided assistance to the school in the village of Vasilievka. In addition to charity, she did a lot of educational work, and also wrote poetry. She enjoyed great respect not only in Ukraine, but also abroad. Kh. D. Alchevskaya as a teacher won fame for her innovation. The manuals created by her were approved by the progressive public of Ukraine, Russia, and France. For these works, she was awarded awards.

The children of Alchevsky also wrote bright pages in the national culture.

Gregory is known as a teacher-vocalist and composer, Ivan was a world-famous singer, Khristina, the daughter of the Alchevskys, was a Ukrainian poetess, translator and teacher.

Initially, the city consisted of the Old and New colonies, this is the area of ​​​​the House of Technology (the former Palace of Culture named after Karl Marx) to Menzhinskaya Street. It was a dirty city, without running water, lighting and paved streets.

Over the years, the city has grown and developed.

The working and living conditions of the workers were extremely difficult, so they were forced to protest. In 1898, an underground social-democratic circle arose, which, after leaving for Rostov, I.A. Galushka, was led by the crane operator of the foundry K.E. Voroshilov, the future Marshal of the Soviet Union. The city bore his name for some time.

Beginning in 1905, workers went on strike. After the revolution in 1917, a heavy bloody civil war began. For two years, the power in the city changed five times. The Austro-German and White Guard hordes of Generals Krasnov and Denikin entered the city. After the revolution and the civil war, famine and terrible devastation set in, which drove people to despair, they died, died and ran away, but under the conditions of ineffective military communism, the national economy began to recover and the number of city residents increased, and in 1926 reached the pre-revolutionary population, that is, 16 thousand people, and by 1939 it had grown to 55 thousand. There was a time when 129 thousand people lived in the city, and now only 118 thousand.

Hard times came with the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. The enterprises of the city were forced to switch to the production of military products, and as the fascist troops approached the city, the equipment of the factories, together with qualified workers, was evacuated to the Urals.

The most valuable equipment was evacuated, which could be easily dismantled and loaded onto railway platforms. On July 12, 1942, the Germans entered the city and inflicted great damage. After the liberation of the city, everything had to be rebuilt.

The inhabitants of Alchevsk bravely fought on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, many of them did not return home, some of our citizens received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, these are: N.A. Babanin, V.I. Nedbaev, V.S. Snesarev, and P.N. Lipovenko and V.I. Kiselev (posthumously). A terrible crime during the occupation of our city was committed by the Nazis, who burned 83 of our compatriots alive in a pit. Later, Heroes of the Soviet Union worked in the city, such as I.S. Deputatov, M.E. Lugovskoy, V.I. Chemodurov.

After the war, the city began not only to recover from devastation, but also to rapidly expand in an easterly direction.

Now the city is located on 50 square kilometers. Once upon a time there were wild steppes along which for centuries and millennia hordes of wild tribes of Sarmatians, Huns, Scythians, Polovtsy and others rushed.

In geological terms, the site on which the city is located is a synclinal folding with different angles of incidence of sedimentary rocks, compressed over hundreds of millions of years into various conglomerates of shale, sandy and other rocks, under which there are coal seams of the Carboniferous period, which is more than for 250 million years. It is due to the presence of fertile lands, coal seams, favorable conditions for the life of people in this territory that such a developed network of settlements was formed. And now our city continues to grow, although not as fast as we would like.

Now the city is located on 50 square kilometers and has more than 250 streets, the names of which are somehow connected with the inhabitants of our city.

Everyone knows that our plant is the city-forming enterprise of Alchevsk. Many years ago, there were separate villages - Vasilievka, Zhilovka ... It was among them that at the end of the 19th century the first blast furnace of the Donetsk-Yurievsky Metallurgical Society was built and launched, which laid the foundation for a huge enterprise now called AMK OJSC. Over the course of a century, the plant grew, and the city grew with it.

In architecture, there is such a thing as a "creeping center" - along with the growth of the city, its central part also moves away from the plant, which improves the ecological situation in the city. At the beginning of the 20th century, Schmidt Street was the center. It was here that the house of the plant director and the board building were located. Later, May 1 Street became the center. Old-timers remember how on holidays all the youth of the city came running to the May Day park. The next stage is Lenin Avenue. It was here that all the solemn events of the city took place: parades on May 1st and 9th, on November 7th. Here the city "saluted" in honor of all the outstanding dates of the country. And who created this once city center? It turns out that words of gratitude for our prospectus should be addressed to Leonid Ivanovich Fedosov, the chief architect of the city of Voroshilovsk, and, after renaming, of the city of Kommunarsk. He headed the architectural department of the city for 32 (!) years! It was he who was the soul of this project. But the material side was given to the main customer - the Voroshilov Metallurgical Plant represented by its director - Pyotr Arsenievich Gmyria. These are the two "pillars" of the history of the creation of Lenin Avenue.

By the way, initially, the avenue had a different name. In all design documents it is called "Kuibyshev Street". It was later decided that the House of Culture of Khimika would divide this street into two parts: Kuibyshev Street itself and Prospekt Mira? Why Mira? Design time - the beginning of the 50s - the time of the country's recovery after such a difficult Great Patriotic War. And what was the life of the country at that time? Only one - World! Faith that this horror will never happen again.

When designing the prospectus, various decorative elements were used. Even now, carefully examining the wall molding, one can see vases, leaves, the remains of "bumps" on the corners of buildings. It was with the help of these elements that each house was different from each other and was, in its own way, unique. It was these elements that made it possible to call Lenin Avenue "little Leningrad". Now most of these elements are partially or completely destroyed. And the restoration, alas, is too expensive ...

At the end of the 70s, a new street in the Vostochny microdistrict got its name in honor of the legendary director of the plant, Pyotr Gmyria.

He headed the enterprise in 1937 and was, perhaps, the youngest of all the directors of our plant (Peter Arsentievich was 32 years old at the time of his appointment). Under the leadership of Gmyria, the plant mastered the production of new types of products: ferromanganese, mirror cast iron, various types of steel (by the beginning of the war, the production of special and high-quality steels amounted to 85% of the total steel production). In June of the 41st, the production of military products was launched at the enterprise literally in a matter of days. After the very first air raid, thanks to the outstanding organizational skills of the young director, it was possible, in a fairly record time, to dismantle the main equipment and evacuate the plant to the Urals. In the evacuation, Gmyrya was appointed director of the Magnitogorsk Calibration Plant, but immediately after the liberation of Voroshilovsk, Pyotr Arsentievich returned. Under his leadership, the enterprise rose from the ruins, and then was completely reconstructed. Gmyrya headed the plant for a quarter of a century. A non-Alchevsk citizen by birth, he sincerely loved our city and did a lot for it: the name of Gmyria is associated with the emergence of new modern quarters of Alchevsk and a new type of transport - trolleybuses, the construction of cultural institutions and the Stal stadium, the foundation of a mining and metallurgical institute.

In 1978, a memorial plaque was installed on the first fourteen-story building. Previously, one could read on it: "The street is named after Pyotr Arsentievich Gmyria, Hero of Socialist Labor, an honorary citizen of the city of Kommunarsk, who worked as the director of a metallurgical plant from 1937 to 1962." Today, only a bas-relief of the director remains on the memorial plaque, the letters have long since crumbled. Is it possible that human memory and gratitude turned out to be short-lived than the inscription?

In the city there is another place associated with the Voroshilovites with the name Gmyri, the house of the plant director on Sportivnaya Street, which, according to eyewitnesses, Pyotr Arsentyevich built with his own hands. After the descendants of Gmyria moved to Kyiv for permanent residence, they sold the house to a private person. Alas, neither they nor the city had a desire to create a house-museum of the legendary director.

Modern Alchevsk is a large industrial center of the Lugansk region, a scientific and cultural city of regional significance in eastern Ukraine. Arriving in Alchevsk, every traveler and tourist will be able to find a way to spend time with pleasure, choosing an "entertainment program" and a route to get acquainted with the city to his personal taste. The weather in Alchevsk is conducive to walking. You will be able to visit local museums and memorial places of fame, and if you are more attracted to more modern ways of leisure, the city will offer services of shopping centers, cinemas and nightclubs.

Modern Alchevsk is the backbone of the Luhansk region

Being a major center of industry in the Luhansk region, like the capital of Slovakia, Alchevsk produces about 24% of the total production in its region. The main pillar - the basis of the industrial potential of this powerful city are the Alchevsk Metallurgical Plant and the Coke and Chemical Plant. In modern Alchevsk, 17 industrial enterprises are intensively operating, whose activities are aimed not only at the metallurgical and coke-chemical sectors, but also at the construction, electromechanical, light and food industries.

The hard-working city bears the name of its founding father - the famous entrepreneur, industrialist and banker, philanthropist Alexei Alchevsky.

How to get to Alchevsk

The easiest way to get to Alchevsk is from large regional centers located near: Luhansk or Donetsk. Alchevsk is a relatively small city and does not have its own airport. However, from the airports of Donetsk and Lugansk, you can easily get there in an hour and a half by bus or car. traditional for all Ukraine.

In Alchevsk itself there is a railway and bus station, where freight and passenger trains, electric trains and buses depart regularly throughout the Luhansk region and other regions of the country. In Soviet times, Alchevsk was called Kommunarsk - that is why the railway station is called differently from the city in modern times.

Speaking about the movement around the city itself, the tourist is faced with a choice between the services of a trolleybus and bus depot, fixed-route taxis. Trolleybus traffic in Alchevsk has been open since 1954. In this regard, the city has become a true debutant in the Luhansk region! Until now, trolleybuses remain the main city public transport. This is the cheapest and most reliable way to get from one point of the city to another: it should be noted that the numbering of bus routes and scheduled taxis is not always clear, and the cost of a ticket on such routes is usually more expensive than a trolleybus ticket.

Prices for hotels and shopping in Alchevsk

Alchevsk cannot be called a tourist city: it is a labor center that is not distracted from production all year round in every season. Therefore, the cost of food, dining in restaurants, shopping, housing in the city for any traveler who is accustomed to inflating prices and ripping off money from tourists will be a real gift of fate. In this regard, Alchevsk is honest, open and hospitable like no other. It is inexpensive here to rent housing for a day in any of the high-rise buildings in the center, and the prices for hotel rooms are not too high (which, by the way, are very few in Alchevsk).

All visitors are met by the main hotel of the city - "Sport" on Lipovenko Street, 14a. An alternative to it can only be the two-star Yubileinaya Hotel on Kirova Street, 15. Both options offer decent living conditions for a very low cost, which cannot but please the guests of the hardworking city. Located in the central part of the city, they provide their guests with an excellent opportunity to see all the remarkable and interesting places in the city.

What interesting sights to see in Alchevsk

Perhaps the most important priceless attraction of Alchevsk can be called Soviet architecture, perfectly preserved and unique in its traditional trends and forms. For example, walking along Lenin Avenue, you will certainly be delighted with its Stalinist Empire style: here the buildings are decorated with cornices, rosettes, columns, vases and other characteristic decorative elements. One end of this avenue rests on a beautiful fountain with modern lighting (near the recreation center of Chemists), while the other leads to the Stella, dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the Great Victory.

In the east, near the city, there is the Isakovskoye Reservoir - the main resort area for all citizens and travelers who come here to relax. Tourists will be interested to appreciate the stunning temple architecture of the city: St. Nicholas Cathedral, the Temple of Faith, Love, Hope and their Mother Sophia, St. George's Church.

Mostly in Alchevsk there are monuments dedicated to certain events and fearless war heroes: Spire (a monument in the water of a bayonet, located on the square of the 40th anniversary of the Victory), SU-100 - a self-propelled artillery mount; Monument to the victims of Chernobyl.

Tourists can organize their leisure time from a cognitive point of view due to the presence of museums in the city of Alchevsk: City Historical - on Kalinina Street, Geological and Mineralogical, as well as history museums at the main plants of the city - coking and metallurgical. Finally, the cinemas available in the city will not let you spend a boring evening: Mir on Lenin Avenue and a cinema located in the Stolitsa shopping center.

At the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century, Alchevsk was not yet a city, but a typical working settlement for the Donbass. Back in 1890. near the Yuryevka station, the Alekseevka mining company, one of the most influential members of which were batteries, and soon the new joint-stock Donetsk-Yuryevsk metallurgical company, created on the initiative of Alchevsky, began to build a large metallurgical plant two kilometers from the volost village of Vasilyevka. The basis of the future city was a small railway settlement at Yuryevka station and nearby settlements: the Dolzhik farm, the village of Vasilyevka, the village of Zhilovsky mine. In connection with the construction of the metallurgical plant, the so-called Old Colony, and then the New and Administrative Colonies, arose. There is evidence that the son-in-law of A. K. Alchevsky, married to his eldest daughter Anna, the famous Kharkov architect A. N. Beketov, designed the New and Administrative Colonies. He also built the buildings of some factory shops, in particular the foundry shop (1900). By the way, this is the only production building that has survived from the old DUMO plant.

On Kirov Street, the building of the factory hospital (1902) designed by Beketov has also been preserved - until recently there was a city maternity hospital. Beketov also designed a very beautiful house for the director of the DUMO plant, which has been perfectly preserved to this day. As an architectural monument, this building is protected by law and is an adornment of modern Alchevsk.

Along with the stone houses of the New and Administrative colonies, in which skilled workers and employees and the administration of the plant lived, barracks and barracks for laborers were built, they were demolished only after the Great Patriotic War. The population consisted mainly of workers of the metallurgical plant - local and newcomers. These were foreign specialists, skilled metallurgical workers invited from the Yuzovsky, Bryansk and other factories, and landless peasants from the neighboring Ukrainian, Russian and Belarusian provinces.

With the expansion of the plant, the working settlement also expanded. On the eve of the First World War, up to 20 trading establishments, private warehouses of kerosene and oil, and a timber warehouse operated at the Alchevskoye station and in the neighboring village of Vasilyevka. Near Vasilyevka workshops of copper and iron castings settled, at the DUMO plant - a large slaughterhouse with a capacity of over 17 thousand heads of cattle per year.

In 1913 the housing stock of Alchevsk was 38 thousand square meters. These were private houses, including mud huts and dugouts, and "state-owned" ones. Of the 5135 workers of the DUMO plant, 3000 people. - in 270 stone "family houses".

The literacy rate of the population in Alchevsk at the beginning of the 20th century was low. Even in the main workshops of the DUMO plant, 40-50 percent of the workers could not read and write; in auxiliary workshops - even more. By the time the metallurgical plant was built, only one small parochial school in Vasilievka was operating in this area. Soon there was a factory school for 700 students with 19 teachers. In 1910 Vasilievskaya zemstvo school and a private Almazno-Yurievskoe commercial (secondary) school were opened, in which 190 people studied.

Medical care left much to be desired. In 1900 3 doctors, 5 paramedics, 3 midwives and 2 pharmacists worked here, the hospital had 20 beds. True, in 1902. A purpose-built hospital with 60 beds was put into operation, as already mentioned above.

The already difficult living and working conditions worsened even more with the arrival of new owners at the plant - Franco-Belgian shareholders. Foreigners despised local workers, did not recognize their human rights.

Economic and spiritual enslavement gave rise to angry protest among the workers, pushing them to fight for their rights and human dignity. The workers of Alchevsk took an active part in the revolution of 1905-1907.

In December 1905 combat squads of the DUMO plant and the Alchevskoye station took part in the Gorlovsky armed uprising. The uprising was defeated.

During the Ukrainian revolution of 1917-1920. power in Alchevsk changed repeatedly. April 26, 118 Austro-German troops entered the city, in December 1918 - the White Cossacks of General Krasnov, in the summer of 1919 - Denikin's troops. Between them, the Bolsheviks took power. December 26, 1919 Soviet power was established in the city.

After the end of the civil war, with the transition to a new economic policy, when there were no funds to restore the destroyed large enterprises, the Donetsk-Yurievsky plant, which became state-owned, on May 3, 1923. was temporarily closed. The closure of the plant led to a significant decrease in the population: by the end of 1923. only 8 thousand inhabitants remained in Alchevsk. Small private and cooperative handicraft enterprises are opening.

In 1925 it was decided to remove the metallurgical plant from conservation and in early 1926. one of the blast furnaces is being restored here (the blast furnace shop has been standing since 1918 - since the German occupation), and soon the construction of new powerful blast furnaces and other facilities began.

A big event in the life of the city was the construction of a coke plant, which was put into operation in 1929. Along with the enterprises, the city itself grew. If in 1926 its population was 16 thousand people, by 1939 it had grown to 55 thousand. Since 1932 the construction of multi-storey buildings began, water supply and sewerage appeared.

In 1940, the city's housing stock exceeded 160,000 square meters. The city was improved, landscaped, the area of ​​green plantations reached 200 hectares.

Public education and health care developed rapidly. In 1937 The construction of the city hospital was completed - a complex for 200 beds. The network of cultural and educational institutions has grown significantly. But the fascist invasion in 1941 prevented the implementation of the planned plans for the further development of the city.

With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, thousands of Alchevsk volunteers declared their desire to fight the Nazi invaders. About 10 thousand people who are not subject to conscription in the army due to age or health reasons joined the people's militia; enterprises of the city restructured work on a war footing. The metallurgical plant, despite the bombing, provided metal for the front.

In connection with the danger of the capture of the city by the Nazis, the equipment of the metallurgical and coke-chemical plants was taken to the Urals, Kuzbass and Uzbekistan.

On July 12, 1942, Alchevsk was occupied by the Nazi invaders. For almost 14 months, the Nazis committed monstrous atrocities, exposing the population to robberies and bullying. The inhabitants of Alchevsk bravely fought on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to: participants in the heroic defense of Sevastopol, Private P. N. Lipovenko (posthumously), officers N. A. Babanin, V. I. Kiselev (posthumously), V. I. Nedbaev, V. S. Snesarev.

Retreating under the onslaught of the Soviet army, on the night of September 1, 1943, the fascist executioners took 83 people out of the Gestapo prison, threw them into a pit and, doused with gasoline, burned them alive.

On September 2, 1943, the 315th Rifle Division of the 51st Army of the Southern Front under the command of Colonel D.S. Kuropatenko and part of the 91st Rifle Division of Colonel I.M. Pashkov liberated Alchevsk from the Nazi invaders by a roundabout maneuver. The liberators faced a picture of terrible destruction. The damage inflicted on the city and its enterprises amounted to a huge sum of 523 million rubles at that time.

Immediately after the liberation of the city, its restoration began. It was necessary not only to restore industrial enterprises, but also to reconstruct them on the basis of the latest achievements of science and technology. Envoys from many regions of Ukraine, the Chelyabinsk restoration detachment, arrived to help Alchevsk residents, a specialized construction and installation trust "Alchevskstroy" was created.

Restoration work was carried out at an accelerated pace. Already at the beginning of 1944, the metallurgical plant produced the first cast iron and steel smelting. By the first anniversary of the liberation of Alchevsk, a coke battery was put into operation at the coking plant. During the years of the first post-war five-year plan (1946-1950), the pre-war level of industrial production was reached and surpassed. This opened up the prospect of further development of the city's economy. In place of the old ones, in essence, new enterprises have grown, and with them a new city. Large enterprises of the construction industry appeared on the map of the city - factories of building structures, reinforced concrete products, large-panel housing construction, building materials, slag processing and others. The rapid development of industry led to an increase in the population and, accordingly, the construction of housing, schools, hospitals and clinics, trade and public catering enterprises, and consumer services. To meet the needs of the population, a bakery, a dairy, a clothing and haberdashery factory, a factory for household goods, and various household workshops were built. Alchevsk was enriched with palaces of culture, libraries, cinemas, stadiums, sports halls, and other social and cultural institutions.

Alchevsk is the second largest city in the LPR (113 thousand inhabitants) on the edge of a huge and completely polycentric agglomeration of industrial cities stretching all the way to the front-line Pervomaisk - in total it is larger than Lugansk itself, the gloomy surroundings of which I talked about. Alchevsk, on the other hand, was hardly affected by the war, although it played a role in it as a stronghold of the legendary Ghost, de facto only after the death of its commander Alexei Mozgovoy, submitting to the LPR. But Alchevsk is interesting not for this, but for much more traditional things: it is also called the "city with a creeping center", since in less than a century and a half of history the center of Alchevsk has shifted three times, from which the city has turned into a real chronicle of Donbass urban planning. I will tell about it in two parts, two centers for each.

The first center of Alchevsk can be called its railway station, which I already showed in a post about the Donbass railway. The station is called Kommunarsk, and originally it was Yuryevka - Alchevsk has not only 4 centers, but also 4 names. The first train arrived here in 1878, and until the last years of the 19th century, the future city remained a station settlement.

The station is completely separated from the city by a grandiose industrial zone, and the station, which seems to have been built before the war, but lined with fresh brick in the 1990s, looks into the quiet and uncomfortable suburb of Zhilovka - this is not an abbreviation for "zhilgorodok" (the Soviet name for Zhilovka is the village named after Gorky) , and a completely pre-revolutionary toponym - a mining village grew in the early twentieth century on the lands of the landowner Gillo. It existed for only 10 years (1899-1909), but life here was the key - as a railway "gate" of the mining conglomerate of the future Central Lugansk agglomeration, it attracted not only hard workers, but also all sorts of businessmen, and the miners went to the train with their earnings money in pockets. It got to the point that not only hotels and restaurants, but even entire theaters and circuses (!), appeared here, of course, the first and for a long time the only ones in the Donbass. But then something changed - either the crisis in the Russian Empire knocked down, or the configuration of the railways changed, and in the 10th year life began to flow away from here, the theater and hotels burned down, and the current station was built from the bricks of an abandoned circus under the Soviets.
The space of wastelands separates Zhilovka from the station, the station here, in general, seems to be hanging in the void. First of all, it is connected with the city by the oldest trolleybus in the Luhansk region (1954), whose battered cars are an integral part of the Alchevsk landscape:

I remember how in 2011, when we were passing here by night train Lugansk - Krivoy Rog, we saw in the window giant silhouettes of workshops and blast furnaces, above which dim and fast white torches were burning in the dark, invisible in daylight, and although we then saw a lot impressive industrial landscapes, this view remained one of the strongest impressions of the trip. The blast furnaces seemed to stand very close, as if one could go straight from the carriage to their feet, and a proletarian peasant on the next shelf looked at our delight with a mild grin. The Alchevsk Metallurgical Plant is stretched out in a narrow strip for 7 kilometers along the railway, and behind it is the city itself.

Yuryevka station became Alchevskaya station in 1903, and in 1961 received its current name Kommunarsk. The renaming of the city was more cunning: as a factory settlement, it took shape in the same 1903, under the Soviets, at first, the settlement of Alchevskoye was listed, in 1932 it became the city of Voroshilovsky (in the Voroshilovograd region), and in 1961 it was renamed Kommunarsk, which it remained until 1991, when he received a new name with an old root - no longer Alchevskoe, but simply Alch e Sun, and the story behind this name is unique for Donbass.

It is no secret that most of the Donbass cities and largest factories were founded by the most Europeans: the British John Hughes, the French and the Belgians, and all the equipment was brought to Mariupol and assembled by the Americans from the city of Providence, where their hard workers became so gluttonous and fastidious that they did not want to work as much as they would say, to sleep where they had to and eat what they gave. And at the end of the 19th century, Alexey Alchevsky, a Ukrainian from Sumy, came to this almost colonial region, he started his business in Kharkov from a tea shop, and devoted all his free time from trading to self-education, and after a few years he successfully "got into the stream" as a banker, having founded, for example, the first bank of commercial loans in Russia outside of Moscow and St. Petersburg and the first mortgage bank in Russia in general. In 1879, the wealthy Alchevsky turned his attention to the industry, and the Alekseevsky mining society founded by him, with its center in the current Torez, came in third place in the Donbass in terms of coal production. The culmination of Alchevsky's career was the Donetsk-Yuryevsk Metallurgical Society (DYUMO), which in 1895 launched the construction of one of the largest metallurgical plants in Donbass near Yuryevka station. In other words, Alchevsky, the only one of the largest industrialists of Donbass, represented Russian capital here, but his ending was sad: in 1901, the DUMO was on the verge of ruin, he went to St. Petersburg to ask for help from the state, and having been refused, he threw himself under a train there ... according to another version, however, he was "helped" to fall onto the rails - although now there is an opinion that the tsar refused Alchevsky because of his support for Kharkov Ukrainianism, it seems to me more likely that all these "Unions", "Providences" and others there was a much more powerful lobby in the capital. The DUMO itself was not allowed to "drown", being transferred under the control of the provisional administration, in 1904 it became part of Prodamet, in 1910 it went to French investors, and on the eve of the revolution it was again taken over by a Russian businessman - the legendary Nikolai Vtorov, the first and last in Russia to reach the American success.

Be that as it may, AMK was one of the best factories in Donbass both in those days and now. Under Ukraine, with a production level of about 4 million tons of steel per year, it was one of the five largest metallurgical plants in the country - after Krivoy Rog and two Mariupol, on a par with Zaporozhye and Dnepropetrovsk, and clearly surpassing Donetsk or Enakievsky. The situation with the owner, as before, remains very tricky: in the 1990s, he was at the epicenter of very bloody criminal wars, and now belongs to the "Industrial Union of Donbass", a controlling stake in which is owned by one Swiss company owned by one Russian oligarch, in turn participating in Evraz.

Due to the narrow and long shape of the plant, in full view, its entire production chain, stretched from west to east - the sinter plant (which with orange smoke, which I took for open-hearth smoke) and the coke oven, in the shots above, in reverse order, are thermal power plants, blast furnaces and former open-hearths with a number of pipes. And on the other hand, rolling shops go away, which are preceded by a converter shop built instead of open-hearth furnaces:

We walked along the edge of wastelands, admiring the industrial power, and finally the road led us to the entrance to the tunnel, built in 1954-57 between the city and the station under the plant:

I have already seen this, and the local tunnel, 450m long, although much simpler (without trips to the plant site and giant fans), is still called the "Alchevsk Metro" for a reason - it was built as part of the trolleybus system:

The length of the tunnel is 450 meters, and the air in it is not as terrible as it might seem - we were not even the only pedestrians in it. The southern "city" portal of the tunnel does not have the same finish as the northern "station" portal, but it looks amazing in the plexus of factory communications:

The chimney of the converter shop periodically emits a huge tail of white smoke (as in one of the previous shots), and sometimes it blazes with a dull orange fire with a buzz audible throughout the city - we will see this a little later.

On the contrary - what seems to be the largest gas tank I've ever seen - it stores converter gas. And at the foot of the pre-revolutionary buildings, most likely originally residential, as they have twins in the vicinity - we came to the second center of Alchevsk, which does not have a name as such.

From the south, giant wastelands adjoin the plant, on the map known as Karl Marx Avenue, although even at best it is a square. Its northern side is formed by the plant itself:

South - the hotel "Steel" (in the form of the late 1950s), the House of Technology (likely from the 1920s) and the director's mansion, now occupied by the city museum:

There are also monuments "Glory to the labor of metallurgists" (1970) and Karl Marx himself. Huge wastelands - the sanitary zone of the plant, cleared in place of most of the old village. In general, the first impression of Alchevsk was painful - gray air, poisonous stench, empty space, soot ingrained into the walls ... the main feeling was "Where did I go ?!".

View in the opposite direction, the long building on the right is the dining room, and behind it rises the Engineering Building:

Beketovkas remained in some places - this is what they called in Alchevsk, apparently by the architect, one-story houses of industrial settlements typical of the Old Donbass:

Central entrance with a monument to Alchevsky. For some reason, again very similar to Novokuznetsk:

The director's house seems to have been based back in 1895, and it is still not clear for which director it was built - for the entire DUMO (that is, Alchevsky personally) or specifically for the plant? In fact, factory directors lived here, all had foreign surnames, and in history this mansion remained as the "house of Zhurzhon" according to the last director before the revolution.

On the reverse side, the memorial to the Metallurgical Heroes adjoins the house, and it’s even interesting - the probe in the hand is regularly cleaned or someone stole its previous version:

The strongest part of the memorial is on the reverse side, inscribed in the slope. The tablet next to it informs: "Here are buried the remains of 83 citizens of the city of Alchevsk, who were burned alive in September 1943 by the Nazi barbarians during the period of temporary occupation" - both its text and content are read in a breaking voice, even forgetting that the city was then called Voroshilovsk. The memorial stands on the mass grave of the murdered civilians, and the dates indicate that the Germans staged a massacre of people during a hasty retreat, possibly set fire to the prison along with the prisoners - Voroshilovsk was liberated on September 2, 1943 in order to walk 30 kilometers from Voroshilovgrad, the Red Army it took six months.

Two parallel streets lead from Marx Avenue - Gorky (directly from the factory tunnel) and Kirov from the memorial. The second is more interesting, and we went along it - for another, this time green, "sanitary zone" we meet the red buildings of the factory hospital located between two streets (1937), directly on Kirov - its clinic:

And in the depths of the block, the hospital itself faces the pond, crossed through the spillway:

There are two ponds on the Belaya Rechka, respectively Bolniychny and Shkolny, and the current hospital looks at the second one - their names are older. The dam of Kirov Street separates them, and on the other side, through the hospital pond, you can see the pipes of the sinter plant and the coke plant and their slag heap:

Behind the ponds, the third in a row, the Soviet center of Alchevsk, is already beginning, but nevertheless, the "zone of mutual penetration" passes directly along their banks, and here one comes across their pre-revolutionary houses, blackened with soot:

The right pond was named Hospital after the pre-revolutionary hospital, now occupied by a maternity hospital:

Rather, this is not even the maternity hospital itself, but its Old Building, and whether children are born directly in this building - I can’t judge. Although, of course, exalted comments about what horror (tm) to be born in such a building with far-reaching conclusions about the mentality of the "Donbass" are still almost inevitable.

Looking at the current hospital across the School Pond is a pretty decent-looking school No. 1 built in 1907:

In general, the most interesting buildings of Alchevsk are concentrated precisely at these ponds, and behind Gorky Street at the corner of the bridge there is already a Soviet cinema "Metallurg" (1950), built by captured Germans - and, unlike the hotel "Ukraine" in Old Lugansk, there really was architect Hans Kuchenreuther. The luxurious building, alas, is abandoned, and apparently abandoned long before the LPR.

The sculptures "Triumph of Victory" on the roof were once very beautiful, but now, covered with soot and chipped by acid rain, they are creepy, as if charred, I cannot get rid of associations with the victims of the Odessa tragedy.

But this, in part, is the essence - Donbass, and without any war, the region is very harsh and sometimes scary, back in 2011 I remembered it with many images of industrial hell. Alchevsk, with its metallurgical landscapes, knocked out of me, in general, the same emotions as the old, but not at all kind Donbass "before the war."

But in the ideologically correct Zaporozhye and Dnipropetrovsk regions, industrial cities like the former are a little better, but "politically active Ukrainians" want to destroy the Donbass industry for the good of the country, but for some reason they don't.

Let's return to the area from the plant to the ponds again - the old metallurgical village here continues the former village of Vasilyevka, known, like most of the villages of historical Novorossia, since the 18th century. There is a market here:

Right at the bazaar - a whole batch of beketovok turned into warehouses:

And behind the bazaar is Nikolsky Cathedral. At the heart of it was built in 1808, but in 1878-1910 it was rebuilt several times as the station and factory settlements grew:

And notice how crowded the market is. In general, which city survived the war, and which one it did not reach, can be seen precisely from the crowded streets - fewer people left the cities untouched by the war, and the rest ... I can’t get rid of the feeling that people simply spend less time in Luhansk or Horlivka in open places, accustomed to burying themselves from shelling even where there have been no shelling for a long time.
Another feature of Alchevsk is the abundance of stalls:

As for the war, even in the Luhansk administration, where I received accreditation as a journalist, when they heard that I would go to Alchevsk, they immediately asked me - "To the Ghosts"? Although the war in the city was limited to a couple of air raids, Alchevsk left its mark on it. In the previous parts, I have already said more than once that the LPR for the first year of its existence was a very loose "union of field commanders", united by a common enemy, but in its absence warring with each other - Lugansk itself remained behind the "moderate separatists" of Valery Bolotov and later Plotnitsky, who replaced him, and the more radical rebel leaders continued to walk in the wake of Strelkov, who was then still sitting in Slavyansk, and dispersed with loyal people throughout the then republic. Alexander Bednov, nicknamed "Batman" (and his people, respectively, "Batman"), remained in Lugansk itself, Don Cossacks of ataman Nikolai Kozitsyn, who arrived from Novocherkassk, landed in Antratsit and Krasny Luch (who left an exceptionally bad memory of themselves there), Sevrodonetsk and Lysichansk accordingly, the Cossack ataman-monarchist Pavel Dremov from Stakhanov and the communist Aleksey Mozgovoy from Svatov occupied, who almost set up a people's republic separate from the LPR if the Ukrainian army could not recapture these cities. All of them, including Kozitsyn, who was born in today's Toretsk (Dzerzhinsk) near Gorlovka, were natives of the Donbass, and there is a lot in common in other stages of their biographies. The native Luhansk resident Bednov served in the riot police, went through all the "hot spots" of the agony of the USSR, then went to the private security companies; Kozitsyn was a native of present-day Toretsk (then Dzerzhinsk) near Gorlovka, he joined the Don Cossacks back in Perestroika, in 1994 he signed an agreement with Dudayev, but thanks to these connections he released captured Russian soldiers. Dremov also fought in Chechnya, on the eve of the Russian spring he worked as a bricklayer.
Here is a plot echo of those times - a militia in a Cossack hat in an Alchevsk minibus:

And only Aleksey Mozgovoy, with his attentive gaze, memorable even in the photo, from this motley company did not have a military past - he lived in Svatov in those very "non-pro-Russian" Northern regions of the Lugansk region, sang in a folk choir and wrote poetry - not brilliant, but and not quite mediocre, such as:
I can't be like everyone else, that's a shame
Something, somewhere not like everyone else ....
And I'm doing everything right
And there is some success.

Didn't get accustomed to the crowd, didn't get used,
And I couldn't adjust myself.
- Hey passerby! Wait, meet me.
Maybe I'm like you.

And with the beginning of the Russian spring, he suddenly took up arms, and it was the Svatovites who played a decisive role in seizing government buildings in Luhansk, but they could not raise an uprising in Svatov itself, the detachment that arrived there without the support of local residents was detained and disarmed. But it was created by Mozgovy "