Vavilov street and its sights
My name is Polina Fetisova. I study at GBOU School No. 199. One of the buildings of our school, where elementary grades study, stands on Vavilov Street. It is located between Ordzhonikidze and Garibaldi streets parallel to Leninsky Prospekt. This is one of the longest streets in Moscow. Its length is 4.9 km. There were two former names of the street: Dump Highway (1925) and 1st Academic Proezd (1952). The modern name of the street was approved on July 30, 1963 in honor of Sergei Ivanovich Vavilov, a physicist, President of the USSR Academy of Sciences. On it are located: Sberbank of Russia, the State Darwin Museum, the Scientific Center for Children's Health of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, eight different federal research institutes.
There is a building on Vavilov Street that invariably attracts the attention of all passers-by. It was built in the neoclassical style. Columns, porticos, stucco. On the pediment of the building is listed "1951-1955 Mining Institute". The project manager is the famous Russian and Soviet architect I.V. Zholtovsky. K.I. worked in his team. Solomonov, P.N. Sheverdyaev, Sh.A. Airapetov from Academproekt.
The Institute of Mining of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR was built as part of a vast town of scientific institutes on Kaluga Highway (now Leninsky Prospekt). It must be said that the construction of the scientific campus was started even before the war and was widely developed in the post-war years. For example, several buildings are located on Vavilov Street.
So, the building of the architect Zholtovsky. Both the volume-spatial construction and the architectural forms here are built in the style of skyscrapers of the “Stalinist” era. Axial symmetrical composition is completely static. The extended main building is flanked on both sides by "wings", forming a trapezoid-shaped courdonaire facing Vavilov Street. The six-storey main building has a two-part structure. The first four floors are marked by a heavy colonnade of a gigantic order. It is an almost verbatim quotation of the facade theme of the House on Mokhovaya - the well-known pre-war building of I. Zholtovsky (1934). Deep loggias hide behind the colonnades on the sides of the main façade. On the lower part, as on a base, there is a 2-storey volume of a smaller size, completed with a wide and low half-gable-half-pediment. The facade of this upper part is generously decorated with all sorts of stucco. Here are portraits of great scientists of the past with quotes about the significance of geological science, and ribbons, stars, garlands, there is even an engineering emblem. The side buildings are decorated much more modestly, the appearance of their main, "sloping" facades is directly related to the sequence of their construction. The building of the Institute of Mining is a vivid example of the “Stalinist” style. The ensemble of the Mining Institute cannot be denied monumentality and even majesty of forms; at the first acquaintance it invariably makes a vivid and memorable impression.
Currently, this building houses the Institute of Molecular Biology. V.A. Engelhardt RAS. It was organized as the Institute of Radiation and Physical-Chemical Biology (IRFCB) of the USSR Academy of Sciences by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences of April 26, 1957 No. 370. Only in accordance with the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences of April 17, 1959 No. 281, which appointed V.A. Engelgardt as director, the Institute actually began work. IRFCB of the USSR Academy of Sciences was renamed the Institute of Molecular Biology of the USSR Academy of Sciences by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences No. 328 of June 18, 1965. By the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of March 22, 1988 No. 357 and the Order of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences of May 12, 1988 No. 10123- 635 The Institute of Molecular Biology of the USSR Academy of Sciences was named after V.A. Engelhardt.
The Institute is a structural unit of the Russian Academy of Sciences and is part of the Biological Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which provides scientific, methodological and scientific-organizational management of the Institute. The main principle laid down by V. A. Engelgardt when organizing the Institute is the harmonious combination and development of biological, biochemical, chemical, physical and mathematical approaches in molecular biological research.
Institute of Molecular Biology - the initiator of research on the structural and functional analysis of human and plant chromosomes, tRNA and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, protein crystallography, molecular enzymology, reverse transcription, decoding of DNA and RNA nucleotide sequences, molecular immunology, nucleosome structure, mobile genetic elements of animals , DNA-ligand interactions, biological microchips, genomic fingerprinting.
In ten years, I would be happy to work in such an amazingly beautiful and “important” building, the main thing is that such buildings do not disappear from the map of Moscow.

Grants Information

17-04-01318; "Cellular mechanisms of the pathology of the ascending aorta and aortic valve"; leader Malashicheva A. B.

The work is devoted to the search for molecular links involved in the pathogenesis of aneurysms of the ascending thoracic aorta and calcification and aortic valve - common and dangerous cardiovascular diseases in humans.

Based on the analysis of published data, a hypothesis was put forward that disruption of the functioning of the main signaling pathways TGF-beta, Notch, BMP can lead to disruption of signal transduction pathways in the cells of the aorta and aortic valve during aneurysm and calcification of the aortic valve, to changes in the expression of regulatory elements of the corresponding signal paths. To test this hypothesis, several types of vascular and valve cells from healthy donors and patients with ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm or aortic valve calcification will be compared in terms of the activity of TGF-beta, Notch, and BMP signaling pathways.

Based on the obtained results, conclusions will be drawn about the role of the altered activity of these signaling pathways and cellular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms and aortic valve calcification.

18-315-00177; "Study of the role of extracellular mitochondrial DNA and microRNA in the development of inflammation and fibro-fat replacement of the myocardium"; head Khudyakov A. A.

The processes of inflammation, fibrosis and fatty replacement of the myocardium are a common cause of heart failure and sudden cardiac arrest. Despite a significant amount of accumulated data, the reasons for these changes have not yet been established.

Recently, there has been an increase in the number of studies devoted to biologically active molecules secreted by cells into the extracellular environment, in particular mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and microRNA. Extracellular mtDNA is a strong inducer of inflammation, and secreted miRNAs, penetrating into cells, are able to regulate the expression of their genes, triggering physiological and pathological processes.

The aim of the presented project is a comparative assessment of the qualitative and quantitative composition of extracellular mtDNA and microRNA in biological samples of patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and healthy donors.

As a result of the implementation of the presented project, the content of extracellular mtDNA and microRNA in various fractions of the culture medium of cardiomyocytes differentiated from patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells and fractions of the pericardial fluid of patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and the control group will be studied. A comparative analysis of the content of extracellular mtDNA and miRNA will be performed, an assessment of the immunogenicity of extracellular mtDNA and a bioinformatic search for targets of identified extracellular miRNAs among signaling cascades will be carried out. The results obtained will allow us to formulate hypotheses about the role of mtDNA and miRNA in the processes of inflammation, fibrosis, and fat replacement and to develop diagnostic approaches using pericardial fluid.

18-34-00277; "Notch-dependent mechanisms of intercellular interactions of endothelial and mesenchymal cells"; head Kostina A.S.

The project is dedicated to studying the interaction between endothelial and mesenchymal cells. Using the co-cultivation of endothelial and mesenchymal cells, the influence of intercellular interactions on the induction of osteogenic and smooth muscle differentiation will be studied. The role of the Notch signaling pathway in the induction of cell differentiation as the main signaling pathway responsible for the communication of endothelial cells with underlying cells of mesenchymal origin will be analyzed. The project will use primary human endothelial cells from various sources: umbilical vein, aorta, aortic valve, and primary human cells of mesenchymal origin: adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells, aortic smooth muscle cells, aortic valve interstitial cells. The results obtained will make it possible to draw conclusions about the role of the interaction of endothelial cells with cells of mesenchymal origin, as well as the contribution of activation of the Notch signaling pathway to the differentiation of mesenchymal cells.

18-29-17074; "3D nanofiber scaffolds based on polysaccharides for tissue engineering"; head Skorik Yu. A.

The creation of materials with desired properties is an urgent task of modern chemistry and materials science. This project is dedicated to the development and creation of non-woven scaffolds for cell growth based on natural biocompatible and bioresorbable polysaccharides obtained by electrospinning.

To date, the electrospinning of nanofibers from polymer solutions is one of the most common methods that make it possible to obtain nanosized matrices for various applications. The diameter of the resulting nanofibers corresponds to the size of the extracellular matrix. One of the approaches to control the properties of final materials is to obtain composite materials based on a mixture of polymers or a polymer matrix with a nanofiller. The composite material has the properties of both components.

In this project, it is planned to obtain composite non-woven scaffolds by successive molding of biopolymer solutions, as well as molding a mixture of biopolymer solutions with chitin nanofibrils, multilayer based on a non-combination of layers of polyacids and chitosan, and modifying fibers by introducing a nanofiller into the molding solutions - modified nanoparticles (nanofibrils) of chitin. The physicochemical properties of the resulting scaffolds (water-holding capacity and strength properties), as well as their general toxicity, and their effect on cell adhesion and proliferation, will be investigated. It is planned to study the effect of electrostatic interactions between polymers and nanofiller, the formation of PEC on the electrospinning process and the properties of scaffolds.

18-315-20050; "Development of a method for studying neurogenic regulation of the pulmonary circulation and remodeling of the pulmonary artery and substantiation of a new method for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension by selective action on nerve elements"; head Mikhailov E. N.

The vessels of the lungs are innervated by sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers. Located mainly in the proximal pulmonary artery, sympathetic nerve fibers affect the amount of pulmonary vascular resistance and compliance (stiffness) of the pulmonary artery. The above indicators are closely related to the severity of hemodynamic disorders and prognosis in pulmonary hypertension.

Pilot studies have shown that a sign that indirectly reflects changes in the structure and innervation of the vessels of the pulmonary circulation can be a reaction to electrical stimulation of the pulmonary artery. The severity of this reaction depends on the density of nerve endings and the tone of the sympathetic nervous system. In turn, a change in vasomotor reactions may be a reflection of structural changes in the vascular wall. The purpose of this study is to study the vasomotor reactions of the vessels of the pulmonary circulation and the mechanisms of their implementation in response to electrical stimulation of the pulmonary artery, as well as to establish the relationship between autonomic reactions and structural changes in the pulmonary artery in normal conditions and under conditions of pulmonary hypertension.

Based on the results of the study, it is planned to obtain the basic prerequisites necessary for the development of a treatment method using selective denervation of the pulmonary artery.

19-015-00313; "Mechanisms of participation of lamin A in stem cell differentiation"; head Kostareva A. A.

The project is aimed at solving a fundamental problem in developmental biology and medicine - the study of the role of A/C type lamins in cell differentiation. The aim of the project is to study the mechanisms of participation of lamin A in cell differentiation.

Resident mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells will be used, with modeled mutations in the lamin A/C gene, or obtained directly from patients with verified laminopathies and mutations in the lamin A/C gene. The interaction of lamin A with intracellular signaling pathways mediating cell differentiation will be studied. It is supposed to evaluate which signaling pathways are involved in the interaction with lamin A in the course of cell differentiation. Stem cell lines (mesenchymal and induced pluripotent) will be obtained from patients with verified mutations in the LMNA gene and clinically confirmed laminopathies. The work of mutant lamin in cells will also be modeled by introducing the mutant gene on a lentiviral carrier into primary cell cultures of mesenchymal origin. depending on the presence/absence of a mutation in the LMNA gene, and thus signaling pathways and genes with which lamin A interacts during differentiation have been identified.

19-29-01066; “Methods for analyzing big unstructured data to develop a system for assessing the prognosis of the restoration of the integrative function of the brain and creating methods of treatment in conditions of impaired consciousness — a combination of loss and new pathological integration of the body”; head Kondratieva E. A.

The proposed scientific research is based on the following hypothesis: consciousness is the result of the integrative activity of the whole organism. In the absence of consciousness, functional systems both realizing the phenomenon of consciousness (for example, motor systems) and ensuring the maintenance of adequate molecular-cellular vital activity of the brain (from the cardiovascular to the immune systems of the body) drop out of such a generation. Impairment of consciousness, depending on the severity, is clinically manifested by loss of functions. But such dropouts are always accompanied by a new organization (integration) of the remaining functions. The complete loss of such an organization (brain death) is now legally recognized as the biological death of an organism.

The work is supposed to study various options for the integration of the body in violation of consciousness. Based on the analysis of stable conditions recorded in the medical history in medical information systems: data from clinical studies, intrascopic with functional programs, neuroendocrine, brain metabolomes, genetic, new, more sensitive and specific methods for predicting the outcome, the possibility of a higher organization of functions will be developed. Identification of variants of the pathological organization of the vital activity of the organism in these patients (allostasis) will serve as the basis for the development of new methods of treatment. Based on the analysis of semi-structured data of electronic medical systems using machine learning methods, it is possible to predict clinical events, as well as analyze and interpret stable brain states based on heterogeneous, semi-structured medical data.

17-15-01292; "Structural and molecular mechanisms of Nav1.5 channel dysfunction in the myocardium"; leader Zhorov B.S. (responsible executor - Kostareva A.A.)

Heart rhythm disturbances are an important medical problem. In many cases, rhythm disturbances are due to hereditary or de-novo mutations in Nav1.5 sodium channels, which are responsible for the initial (0) phase of the action potential in cardiomyocytes. The main goal of this project is to better understand the structural molecular mechanisms that underlie myocardial sodium channelopathies.

Hereditary mutations in the channels cause pathological conditions - channelopathies. In particular, mutations in the Nav1.5 and Nav1.1/Nav1.2 channels cause heart rhythm disturbances and epilepsy, respectively. Within the framework of the project, sequencing of Nav1.5 (SCN5A) genes in patients with heart rhythm disorders will be carried out. The data from these experiments will be analyzed by bioinformatic methods in order to identify mutations potentially responsible for disrupting the properties of the Nav1.5 channel. The most likely candidate mutations will be explored in Nav1.5 homology models constructed using the latest X-ray and cryoelectron microscopy structures of homologous sodium, calcium and potassium channels. Channel state-dependent contacts will be identified and analyzed by Monte Carlo comparison of the minimized energy models of the closed and open states of Nav1.5 and the corresponding mutants. Hypotheses will be tested by expression in HEK-293 or CHO-K1 cells of mutant forms of Nav1.5, presumably causing channelopathies, as well as Nav1.5 with mutations in channel-dependent contacts, analysis of the electrophysiological properties of the mutants and their comparison with the characteristics of the wild-type channel .

17-75-30052; "Development of personalized therapy for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in order to reduce cardiovascular risks"; leader Shlyakhto E. V. (responsible executor - Babenko A. Yu.)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), which develops mainly against the background of visceral obesity, is a socially significant disease, the reduction of losses from which is one of the priorities in the development of modern medicine. The transition to a personalized choice of therapy is the main way to solve this problem.

In modern algorithms, the decision to choose a treatment for both obesity and T2DM is based on the selection of “ideal candidates” for one or another treatment option, which is not always effective, since it does not take into account psychological characteristics, type of eating behavior, genetic predictors, the functional state of the insular apparatus and the level of hormones that regulate carbohydrate metabolism, the comfort of each type of treatment for the patient. This affects not only the effectiveness, but also the adherence of patients to therapy, and the long-term maintenance of target parameters, which determines the cardiovascular prognosis. The creation of an analytical program/decision-making technology based on the maximum amount of data and taking into account the listed features and predictors of response to therapy, as well as taking into account the dynamics of plastic molecular genetic markers that reflect the effect of the selected therapy option on the cardiovascular system, will most likely allow achieve targets with the maximum improvement in cardiovascular prognosis and, while maintaining the safety of treatment, will ensure personalization of treatment. The implementation of the project will allow the most rational use of drugs, minimizing the number of errors in the choice of treatment.

18-14-00152; "Molecular genetic mechanisms of calcification of the heart and blood vessels"; leader Malashicheva A. B.

The project aims to elucidate the early mechanisms of osteogenic differentiation activation leading to calcification of heart and vascular tissues. Bone formation and pathological calcification of the tissues of the heart and blood vessels have similar features - especially in advanced stages. The triggers that lead to pathological calcification of the heart and blood vessels remain largely unexplored, and early markers of osteogenesis are unknown. Valvular calcification is a common cardiovascular complication, and there is currently no conservative treatment for this pathology. The mechanisms by which valvular and aortic calcification occurs remain unclear. The aim of this project is to identify the molecular-cellular and genetic mechanisms leading to the induction of osteogenic differentiation in the tissues of the aortic valve of the heart and aorta. The project involves the use of interstitial and endothelial cells of the aortic valve, endothelial and smooth muscle cells of the aorta, as well as mesenchymal multipotent stromal cells of adipose tissue. The project will identify early molecular markers of osteogenic differentiation in the studied cell systems; the role of intercellular interactions in the induction of pro-osteogenic genes will be elucidated; the role of a number of signaling pathways in the induction of osteogenic differentiation was analyzed; a comparison was made of cells obtained from healthy people and from patients with aortic valve calcification in terms of the ability of these cells to osteogenic differentiation. The role of purinergic signaling in the induction of osteogenesis in aortic valve cells will be studied; the role of the extracellular matrix in the induction of osteogenic cell differentiation will be investigated. Using next-generation sequencing of a cohort of patients with aortic valve calcification, the contribution of the genetic component to the occurrence of calcification will be assessed. Such an integrated approach will provide fundamentally new knowledge about the mechanisms of initiation of the processes of calcification and osteogenic differentiation in normal and pathological conditions. The plan of the proposed project was approved by the local ethics committee of the N.N. V. A. Almazova. All studies involving individuals will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The implementation of this project will make it possible to draw conclusions about the early initiatory mechanisms of calcification of the aortic valve and aorta, the similarities or differences of this process in valve and aortic cells with osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal multinet stromal stem cells, the role of signaling pathways associated with the induction of osteogenesis, the role of purinergic signaling in the activation proosteogenic mechanisms in normal and pathological conditions. Obtaining such data is important for understanding the fundamental mechanisms of osteogenic differentiation initiation, both in order to prevent such differentiation and to activate it in corresponding pathologies.

16-15-10178; "Study of the mechanisms of impaired regeneration of skeletal muscles and pathological replacement of functional muscle tissue with adipose tissue"; leader Dmitrieva R.I.

The identification of the molecular mechanisms of regulation of the pathological substitution of functional muscle tissue for adipose tissue still remains a serious unresolved problem in fundamental medicine.

The main hypothesis that we are testing in this project is the assumption that the development of adipose and muscle tissues is regulated in concert, adipogenic and myogenic signaling pathways are upregulated during normal development and growth of skeletal muscles and in diseases characterized by pathological replacement of functional skeletal muscle tissue by adipose tissue. , the balance of stimulation of adipogenic and myogenic signaling pathways is disturbed. The hypothesis was formed in the course of work on project No16-15-10178, as a result of which we obtained new data on the coordinated regulation of myogenic and adipogenic transcriptional programs during the development and regeneration of skeletal muscles. The results obtained for the mouse myoblast cell line C2C12 were generally confirmed by studies using primary cultures of mouse muscle satellite cells, as well as human muscle satellite cells and mesenchymal human muscle precursors.

In this project, we plan to overcome this shortcoming by obtaining a reproducible model of muscle differentiation from induced human poluripotent cells (iPSCs). The iPSC model of muscle differentiation will be derived from the mononuclear cells of patients with muscular dystrophies caused by mutations in the genes encoding the proteins of the LINC complex. Samples of iPSC from healthy donors were obtained earlier at our institute and are stored in the biobank of the Center.

The second line of research was also formed on the basis of data obtained by us during the implementation of project No16-15-10178. Evidence suggests that the R482L mutation in the lamin gene stimulates the formation of fat deposits in myoblasts and myotubes while inducing hypertrophy of the muscle fiber, which fits well with the diversity of muscle pathology phenotypes in patients with familial partial lipodystrophy of Dunningan (FPLD2). Therefore, in this project, we plan to study the role of changes in the structure of LMNA-DNA regulatory complexes caused by the LMNA-R482L mutation and to identify the mechanisms of fatty degeneration in FPLD2. This series of experiments will be performed using C2C12 mouse myoblasts genetically modified with LMNA-R482L lentiviral constructs.

17-75-10125; "Investigation of the role of the sinemine gene (SYNM) in the differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells and the formation of congenital malformations"; head Zlotina A. M.

Intermediate filament proteins are a broad group of cytoskeletal proteins involved in maintaining the structural and mechanical integrity of the cell, as well as being involved in a number of other key cellular functions. It is known that defects in the genes of intermediate filaments can lead to the development of severe hereditary pathologies, many of which affect tissues of mesenchymal origin, including myopathies and cardiomyopathies, lipodystrophy, some skeletal pathologies, and complex syndromic combinations.

This project is aimed at studying the role of the SYNM gene encoding the synemine intermediate filament in the differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and at studying the functional significance of its genetic variants. In particular, the obtained data will allow evaluating the effect of a previously uncharacterized genetic variant of sinemen, which we identified in a patient with the phenotype of ulnar-mammary syndrome, on the differentiation of stromal mesenchymal cells, which will help expand our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of the development of complex congenital defects affecting tissues of mesenchymal origin. , as well as the spectrum of clinical pathologies associated with mutations in the genes of intermediate filaments.

18-75-10042; "Study of predictors of postprandial glycemic response and the need for insulin therapy in women with gestational diabetes mellitus in order to personalize approaches to its treatment"; leader Pustozerov E. A.

The aim of the work is to study the predictors of postprandial glycemic response (PPGO) and the need for insulin therapy in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in order to personalize treatment approaches and create an interactive mobile application for women with GDM. Stage I - the study of predictors, the construction and testing of models for predicting PPGO and the need for insulin therapy in women with GDM; development of an interactive mobile application for women with GDM.

Stage II - a randomized controlled trial of the use of an interactive mobile application for women with GDM.

It is planned: to create a database of patients with GDM based on electronic diaries of self-control; validate electronic food diaries for daily excretion of biomarkers in urine; to study the composition of the intestinal microbiome in women with GDM and women with normal glucose tolerance; to study the contribution of the characteristics of the intestinal microbiome to PPGO; to study the role of genetic variations in genes that regulate insulin secretion and are associated with insulin resistance in predicting PPGO; to study the role of genetic variations in genes regulating insulin secretion and associated with insulin resistance and characteristics of the gut microbiome in predicting the need for insulin therapy in women with GDM; build models for predicting PPGO in women with GDM at different stages of pregnancy; develop an interactive mobile application with built-in formulas for real-time PPGO forecasting; conduct a randomized study of the impact of the use of an interactive mobile application on glycemic control in women with GDM and pregnancy outcomes.

18-75-00006; "Study of the association of rare and shortening variants in the titin gene with a variant of the course of post-infarction myocardial remodeling"; head Kiselyov A. M.

The aim of this project is to identify rare and shortening variants of the titin gene that may influence the course of postinfarction myocardial remodeling. The study will be carried out on a ready-to-analyze, described and characterized group consisting of patients with acute myocardial infarction (600 patients). The topic of post-infarction remodeling and identification of the genes responsible for this process has recently attracted a large number of researchers. Several papers have been published describing pathogenic variants of various structural, z-disc-associated, and regulatory genes associated with myocardial dilatation. Among them, much attention is paid to the effect of shortening variants of the titin gene on the course of various cardiac diseases. The presence of such variants in 2-4% of a conditionally healthy population may speak in favor of the absence of their direct pathogenic effect on the course of the disease. However, studies demonstrating a significant association and investigating the effect of titin shortening variants on cardiac chamber dilatation in the post-acute myocardial infarction condition have not yet been conducted.

The main objective of the project is to study the association of shortening and rare pathogenic variants of the titin gene and the course of postinfarction myocardial remodeling. To accomplish the task, new generation sequencing technologies with targeted enrichment, bioinformatics methods of data analysis will be used. Special attention will be paid to the statistical processing of the data obtained and to the identification of relationships between the presence of shortening and rare pathogenic variants of the titin gene and the development of myocardial dilatation associated with postinfarction remodeling. Based on the data obtained, conclusions will be drawn about the relationship between the presence of rare and shortening variants of the titin gene and the risk of dilatation and chronic heart failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The scientific novelty of the presented project is determined by the fact that:

1) There are no studies in the literature that can reveal the relationship between shortening and rare variants of the titin gene and the development of postinfarction myocardial remodeling.

2) The data obtained, together with modern genetic testing technologies, will allow the development of personalized approaches to the treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction. 3) The data obtained will create a foundation for future functional studies of the relationship between the presence of rare and shortening variants of titin and the pathogenesis of various cardiac diseases.

19-75-20076; "Molecular basis of the participation of subpopulations of extracellular vesicles in the development of a systemic inflammatory response initiated by damage to the elements of the cardiovascular system"; head Golovkin A.S.

The project is aimed at studying the mechanisms of regulation by means of extracellular vesicles of the systemic inflammatory response (SIR) that develops when elements of the cardiovascular system are damaged. The specific objective of the project is to characterize (phenotype, molecular composition, immunogenic properties) subpopulations of extracellular vesicles circulating in the blood in case of damage to elements of the cardiovascular system and to assess their contribution to the regulation of the systemic inflammatory response. The relevance of the problem is determined by the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading cause of death and disability in the world. As well as the key role of the systemic inflammatory response that develops in response to damage and determines the further course of the disease, its complications and outcomes. The study will study two groups of patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), performed with and without cardiopulmonary bypass (EC), animal models of myocardial injury due to ischemia-reperfusion (rats) and cryoinjury (Danio rerio), as well as animals (Danio rerio) and cellular (human monocyte culture THP-1) models of immune response development. The scientific novelty of the project lies in the application of an integrated approach that combines modern methods of molecular and cellular biology, clinical and experimental medicine for a detailed study of extracellular vesicles in unique samples of patients' biological material and several model systems. High-resolution flow cytometry will be used to study the heterogeneity of the population of circulating extracellular vesicles based on the presence of a certain set of surface markers in their composition, while targeted immunosorting will allow assessing the molecular composition, immunogenicity, and contribution to pathogenesis of individual subpopulations of vesicles. The properties of specific subpopulations of vesicles will be determined through the detection of biomolecules in their composition, including quantitative analysis of mitochondrial DNA and miRNAs, as well as large-scale profiling of short RNA levels using next generation sequencing. Functional analysis of the immunogenic properties of vesicle subpopulations will be performed both in vitro and in vivo in the Danio rerio immune response model. Analysis of the phenotypes, molecular composition, and immunogenic properties of extracellular vesicles circulating in the blood at various stages of damage to the elements of the cardiovascular system will make it possible to determine their role in the regulation of the systemic inflammatory response, as well as to obtain information on the biomarkers of complicated and uncomplicated course of WIR and potential therapeutic targets.

19-75-00070; "The role of GSK3B kinase in the remodeling of the structure of intercalated discs of cardiomyocytes in normal and pathological conditions"; head Khudyakov A. A.

Intercalated discs of cardiomyocytes are necessary for the formation of a strong mechanical connection between cardiomyocytes and to ensure the electrical conductivity of myocardial tissue. Recently, interest in the structure and function of intercalated discs has increased significantly, since it was found that intercalated discs act as mechanosensors and also participate in intracellular signaling. More than two hundred proteins associated with intercalated discs are known, changes in which lead to the development of heart diseases, the most common of which is arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous disease. The diversity of genetic determinants that lead to the development of a similar disease phenotype suggests that changes at the molecular level can be initiated in different cell compartments, but further lead to disruption of the intercalated disc structure characteristic of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. One of the candidates for the role of a signal carrier between the intercalated disk and the intracellular space is GSK3B kinase. There is evidence that GSK3B kinase inhibitors are able to prevent the development of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy in animal models, but the detailed molecular mechanisms of this effect remain unexplored.

The present study is aimed at studying the role of GSK3B kinase in the regulation of the structure of the intercalated disc in normal conditions and in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Particular attention is planned to be paid to ion channels associated with the intercalated disc and the electrical function of the cardiomyocyte. During the study, a genetic study of patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy will be carried out, patient-specific induced pluripotent cells will be obtained, and hypotheses on the effect of GSK3B activation and inhibition on the electrophysiological characteristics of cardiomyocytes will be tested using differentiated cardiomyocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells, and the role of GSK3B in the regulation of transport and membrane localization of individual components of intercalary disks.

075-15-2019-161; "Development of personalized approaches to the treatment of arterial hypertension, taking into account molecular genetic and cytokine markers, neurogenic influences, organ damage and metabolic disorders"; leader Konradi A. O.

The project is devoted to the study of the mechanisms of increased blood pressure and subclinical damage to target organs in obesity at the molecular genetic and cellular levels with the search for new targets and translation of the results of experimental studies into the clinic.

It seems promising to study the role of biologically active peptides produced by adipose tissue - cytokines (adipokines), as well as the effect of increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Two ion channels were chosen as a potential cellular target for adipokines: the TRPC cation channel and the ENaC epithelial sodium channel. Presumably, these channels can be the target of adipokines and are involved in the development of subclinical damage to target organs and arterial hypertension in obesity.

The project will study the role of adipokines in the regulation of TRPC channels of podocyte glomeruli of the nephron and ENaC of the distal nephron. It is planned to evaluate changes in the functional activity of channels in the podocytes of the nephron glomeruli and in the cells of the distal nephron under the influence of selected adipokines. A promising molecular genetic marker of obesity and the distribution of adipose tissue is the FTO gene, namely, the carriage of the A allele rs9939609 of the FTO gene polymorphism. The distribution of adipose tissue may play an important role in maintaining metabolic health in obese patients. For the first time, the project will assess the change in various parameters and factors with a decrease in the activity of the sympathetic nervous system in a prospective study in patients with obesity and resistant hypertension who underwent radiofrequency ablation of the renal sympathetic nerves.

Selected publications

1. Kostareva A., Sjöberg G., Bruton J., Zhang S. J., Balogh J., Gudkova A., Hedberg B., Edström L., Westerblad H., Sejersen T.

Mice expressing L345P mutant desmin exhibit morphological and functional changes of skeletal and cardiac mitochondria.

2. Kostareva A., Gudkova A., Sjöberg G., Mörner S., Semernin E., Krutikov A., Shlyakhto E., Sejersen T.

Deletion in TNNI3 gene is associated with restrictive cardiomyopathy.

3. Anna Kostareva, Alexandra Gudkova, Gunnar Sjoberg, Ivan Kiselev, Olga Moiseeva, Elena Karelkina, Lev Goldfarb, Eugeniy Schlyakhto and Thomas Sejersen.

Desmin mutations in a St. Petersburg cohort of cardiomyopathies. Acta Myologica, 2006, 2006 Dec; 25(3):109-15.

4. Goudeau B., Rodrigues-Lima F., Fischer D., Casteras-Simon M., Sambuughin N., de Visser M., Laforet P., Ferrer X., Chapon F., Sjoberg G., Kostareva A. , Sejersen T., Dalakas M. C., Goldfarb L. G., Vicart P.

Variable pathogenic potentials of mutations located in the desmin alpha-helical domain. Hum Mutat. 2006 Sep; 27(9):906-13.

5. Bar H., Kostareva A., Sjoberg G., Sejersen T., Katus H. A., Herrmann H.

Forced expression of desmin and desmin mutants in cultured cells: impact of myopathic missense mutations in the central coiled-coil domain on network formation. Exp Cell Res. 2006 May 15; 312(9): 1554-65. Epub 2006 Mar 7.

6. Bar H., Mucke N., Kostareva A., Sjoberg G., Aebi U., Herrmann H.

Severe muscle disease-causing desmin mutations interfere with in vitro filament assembly at distinct stages. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Oct 18; 102 (42): 15099-104. Epub 2005 Oct 10.

7. Sjöberg G., Kostareva A., Sejersen T.

Lakartidningen. 2005 Mar 14-20; 102(11): 845-7, 850-3. review. Swedish.

8. Grineva E., Babenko A., Vahrameeva N., Bogdanova M., Kostareva A., Popcova D., Larionova V.

Type 2 deiodinase Thr92Ala polymorphism impact on clinical course and myocardial remodeling in patients with Graves' disease. Cell Cycle. 2009: 15; 8 (16): 2565-9.

9. Malashicheva A., Kanzler B., Tolkunova E., Trono D., Tomilin A.

Lentivirus as a tool for lineage-specific gene manipulations. Genesis. 2007 Jul; 45(7):456-459.

10. Tolkunova E., Malashicheva A., Parfenov V. N., Sustmann C., Grosschedl R., Tomilin A.

11. Aksoy I., Sakabedoyan C., Bourillot P. Y., Malashicheva A. B., Mancip J., Knoblauch K., Afanassieff M., Savatier P.

Self-renewal of murine embryonic stem cells is supported by the serine/threonine kinases pim-1 and pim-3. Stem Cells. Dec 2007; 25(12): 2996-3004.

12. Enukashvily N. I., Malashicheva A. B., Waisertreiger I. S.

Satellite DNA spatial localization and transcriptional activity in mouse embryonic E-14 and IOUD2 stem cells. Cytogenet Genome Res. 2009; 124(3-4): 277-87. Epub 2009 Jun 25

13. Correia A. S., Anisimov S. V., Li J. Y., Brundin P.

Growth factors and feeder cells promote differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into dopaminergic neurons: a novel role for fibroblast growth factor-20. Front Neurosci. 2008 Jun; 2(1):26-34. Epub 2008 Jul 7. PMID: 18982104

(Vavilov street, 32). It was organized in 1959 as the Institute of Radiation and Physical-Chemical Biology (modern name since 1965; named after the organizer and first director V.A. Engelgardt). The molecular basis of transmission and realization of hereditary information is investigated.

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• - organized in 1978 on the basis of the biological department of the Institute of Atomic Energy. The initiators of the creation of the radiobiological department were physicists - academicians I.E. Tamm, I.V. Kurchatov, A.P. Alexandrov...

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• - them. N. K. Koltsova RAS, osn. in 1967 in Moscow on the basis of the Institute of Morphology. N. A. Severtsova Academy of Sciences of the USSR. The study of the individual. development of well-nyh-and problems of managing the processes of ontogenesis ...

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• - research institution of the Kazan University. V. I. Ulyanov-Lenin...
• - State research institution of Moscow University...

  Great Soviet Encyclopedia

• - Academy of Sciences of the USSR, leading research institution in the field of molecular biology. Organized in 1957 . The founder and director of the institute is V. A. Engelgardt...

  Great Soviet Encyclopedia

• - INTERNAL WATER BIOLOGY INSTITUTE RAS - founded in 1962 in the Nekouzsky district of the Yaroslavl region. Biological research in inland waters...
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• - them. A. O. Kovalevsky of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine - organized in 1963 in Sevastopol on the basis of the Sevastopol and Karadag biological stations; in 1964, the Odessa Biological Station became part of the institute ...

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"Institute of Molecular Biology named after V.A. Engelhardt RAS" in books

author Team of authors

The data of molecular biology confirmed and refined the conclusions about evolution obtained in other areas of science.

From the book The Origin of Life. Science and Faith author Team of authors

The data of molecular biology confirmed and refined the conclusions about evolution obtained in other areas of science. Charles Darwin and other biologists of the 19th century came to their conclusions about evolution despite the fact that they knew almost nothing about the molecular basis of life.

From the book Vladimir Putin author Medvedev Roy Alexandrovich

From the book Secret Tour. Leningrad biography of Vladimir Vysotsky the author Yearbook Leo

Vysotsky was impressed by the death of cosmonaut Komarov April 1967, Leningrad Technological Institute named after Lensoviet In the late 1960s, Vysotsky spoke several times in the assembly hall of the Leningrad Technological Institute named after Lensoviet. These

author Vetokhin Yury Alexandrovich

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Chapter 27

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Institute named after Yu. V. Andropov The Red Banner Institute named after Yu. V. Andropov, which is known today as the Academy of Foreign Intelligence, became for Vladimir Putin, as an intelligence officer, perhaps the main test in the 1980s. Here they not only taught, but also studied themselves

From the book Dotted Line of Memories author Kazantsev Alexander Petrovich

5. INSTITUTE NAMED AFTER JULES VERNE The first two days of the war I was finishing the last pages of the novel "Arctic Bridge" and managed to hand it over to the director of Detizdat Dubrovina, who had already donned the uniform of a major.

Father of molecular biology Linus Carl Pauling (February 28, 1901, Portland - August 19, 1994, Big Sur)

From the book Great Americans. 100 outstanding stories and destinies author Gusarov Andrey Yurievich

The Father of Molecular Biology Linus Carl Pauling (February 28, 1901, Portland - August 19, 1994, Big Sur) In 1970, a best-selling book was published in the United States. It was called Vitamin C and the Common Cold. Its author argued that daily intake from 6 to 18

From the book Against the Flow author Osterman Lev Abramovich

Formation of the Institute of Molecular Biology At the end of 1959 or at the beginning of 1960, regular readers of the American thick scientific journal Physical Review were quite surprised by the content of its two consecutive issues. This magazine has been regularly published for many decades

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Discoveries of Molecular Biology and Myths of Popularization Molecular genetics has dotted many i's and clarified many questions - for example, the question of the possibility of cross-breeding between sapiens and earlier forms of man. At the same time, this new emerging science

From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (MO) of the author TSB

From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (PE) of the author TSB

From the book Overloaded Brain [Information Flow and the Limits of Working Memory] author Klingberg Thorkel

Institute for the Study of Aging at the Albert Einstein Medical Center Studies show that occupation affects cognitive ability. Joe Vergis and his team (Institute for the Study of Aging at the Medical Center named after

Central dogma of molecular biology

From the book Why is our world the way it is [Nature. Human. Society (compilation)] author Krongauz Maxim Anisimovich

The central dogma of molecular biology "Dogma" is not a good word. Some are afraid of it, thinking that it is certainly something inert, fundamentally unprovable, limiting the free flight of thought. It's the same with Darwin's theory: for some reason there are people who

Institute of Molecular Biology. V. A. Engelhardt RAS

V.A. Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology RAS (IMB RAS)
international title	Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences
Founded
Director
Location	Russia Moscow
Legal address	119991, Moscow, st. Vavilova, 32 (metro station Leninsky Prospekt, Akademicheskaya)
Website

Institute of Molecular Biology. V. A. Engelhardt(IMB RAS) - research institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The official name of the institute with an indication of the legal form: Establishment of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Molecular Biology. V. A. Engelhardt RAS - the status of a state institution. Abbreviated name of the institute: IMB RAS. Organization profile: Engaged in fundamental research in the field of biology. The Institute is a part of the Department of Biological Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

History of the Institute

Research units

A lot of fundamental and applied research is being carried out at the institute, and their range is constantly growing. Below are all the scientific divisions, among them many new groups and laboratories.

Genome Mobility Laboratory. Academician Ilyin Yuri Viktorovich

Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Biological Adaptation. d.b.n. Evgeniev Mikhail Borisovich

Eukaryotic Genome Evolution Laboratory. d.b.n. Kramerov Dmitry Alexandrovich

Genome Organization Laboratory. d.b.n. Churikov Nikolai Andreevich

Group of regulation of genome transcription. d.b.n. Kravchenko Yu. E.

Structural and functional analysis of biopolymers

Laboratory of DNA-Protein Interactions. Corresponding member Gursky Georgy Valerianovich

Group of enzymology of biologically active compounds. Corresponding Member Khomutov Radiy Mikhailovich

Laboratory of chemical bases of biocatalysis. d.h.s. Demidkina Tatyana Viktorovna

Laboratory of Molecular Basis for the Action of Physiologically Active Compounds. Corresponding member Sergey Nikolaevich Kochetkov

Laboratory of Condensed State of Nucleic Acids. d.h.s. Evdokimov Yuri Mikhailovich

Biopolymer Physics Laboratory. d.p.m.s. Livshits Mikhail Aronovich

Laboratory of Conformational Stability of Proteins and Physical Methods of Analysis. Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Makarov Alexander Alexandrovich

Laboratory of stereochemistry of enzymatic reactions. d.h.s. Mikhailov Sergey Nikolaevich

Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology.D.Sc. Tumanyan Vladimir Gaevich

Group of computer analysis of genetic information. d.p.m.s. Lysov Yury Petrovich

Group of isotopic methods of analysis. Ph.D. Skoblov Yury Samoilovich

Shared Use Centers

Center for Collective Use "Genome" Ph.D. Poltaraus Andrey Borisovich

Center for collective use of biological microchip technology. d.b.n. Barsky Victor Evgenievich

Center for collective use "Phosphorus". Ph.D. Skoblov Yury Samoilovich

Scientific support units

Radiation Safety Service. Besschetnikova Zhanna Alekseevna

Department of scientific and technical information. ch. specialist. Tomina Irina Ivanovna

Vivarium. Korneeva Ludmila Alekseevna

Links

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

See what the "Institute of Molecular Biology named after V. A. Engelhardt RAS" is in other dictionaries:

Institute of Molecular Biology named after V.A. Engelhardt RAS (Vavilova street, 32). It was organized in 1959 as the Institute of Radiation and Physico-Chemical Biology (modern name since 1965; bears the name of the organizer and first director). Researching... ... Moscow (encyclopedia)

- (Vavilov street, 32). It was organized in 1959 as the Institute of Radiation and Physicochemical Biology (modern name since 1965; bears the name of the organizer and first director V.A. Engelgardt). The molecular basis of the transmission and implementation of ... ... Moscow (encyclopedia)

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INSTITUTE (IMB) them. V. A. Engelhardt of the Russian Academy of Sciences, organized in Moscow in 1957. Modern name since 1965. Studies of the structures and functions of the genetic apparatus of higher organisms at the molecular level, chemical and physical ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

- (IMB) im. V. A. Engelhardt RAS was organized in Moscow in 1957. The current name is from 1965. Studies of the structures and functions of the genetic apparatus of higher organisms at the molecular level, the chemical and physical foundations of the action of enzymes, etc ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (IMB) im. V. A. Engelhardt of the Russian Academy of Sciences, organized in Moscow in 1957. Modern name since 1965. Study of the structures and functions of the genetic apparatus of higher organisms at the molecular level, the chemical and physical foundations of the action of enzymes, etc ... encyclopedic Dictionary

- (IMB) im. V. A. Engelhardt of the Russian Academy of Sciences, organized in Moscow in 1957. Modern. name since 1965. Issl. structures and functions of genetic. apparatus of higher organisms on the mol. level, chem. and physical the basics of the action of enzymes, etc. Natural science. encyclopedic Dictionary

Academy of Sciences of the USSR, the leading research institution in the field of molecular biology (See. Molecular biology). Organized in 1957 (until 1965 - the Institute of Radiation and Physico-Chemical Biology). The founder and director of the institute is V. A. Engelgardt. The main areas of research work: the transmission and implementation of hereditary information, the molecular mechanisms of protein biosynthesis, the chemical and physical foundations of the action of enzymes, the relationship between the structure of nucleic acids and proteins and their functions in the cell, the macromolecular organization of chromosomes, the development of physical methods for studying macromolecules. In M. b. and. the primary structure of two transport ribonucleic acids (t-RNA) was deciphered; experimentally substantiated and formulated the theory of regulation of the functioning of the genome in higher organisms; for the first time in the USSR, the sequence of amino acids in a large protein-enzyme molecule, aspartate aminotransferase, was determined (together with the MM Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the USSR Academy of Sciences); new approaches to the study of the structure of enzyme active centers (inhibitor analysis) and functional regions of RNA (the "cut molecules" method) were proposed; new methods for structural studies of proteins and nucleic acids have been developed. By the beginning of 1973 in M. b. and. there were 13 laboratories. Together with the Council on Problems of Molecular Biology of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the Institute organizes international meetings and symposiums. The works of M.'s employees. and. published in the following journals: Molecular Biology (since 1967), Biochemistry (since 1936), Cytology (since 1959), Reports of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (since 1933), Biophysics (since 1956), Biochimica et Biophysica Acta" (N. Y. - Amst., since 1947), "FEBS Letters" (Amst., since 1968), "European Journal of Biochemistry" (V., since 1967), in collections and in the form of monographs.

Lit.: Institute of Molecular Biology, Moscow, 1971.

M. Ya. Timofeeva.

• - Value Name Dimension Notation Contains SI units Russian International Amount of substance mol N mol mol gram-mol* g∙mol g∙mol 1 g∙mol = 1 mol gram-atom* g∙atom g∙at 1 g∙atom = 1 mol ...

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• - Organized in 1959 as the Institute of Radiation and Physico-Chemical Biology. The molecular basis of the transmission and implementation of hereditary information is being investigated...

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• - organized in 1978 on the basis of the biological department of the Institute of Atomic Energy. The initiators of the creation of the radiobiological department were physicists - academicians I.E. Tamm, I.V. Kurchatov, A.P. Alexandrov...

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• - the collective name of several numerical methods for solving dec. physical tasks by modeling the movement of atoms, molecules, colloidal, etc. particles that make up the studied ...

  Physical Encyclopedia

• - them. N. K. Koltsova RAS, osn. in 1967 in Moscow on the basis of the Institute of Morphology. N. A. Severtsova Academy of Sciences of the USSR. The study of the individual. development of well-nyh-and problems of managing the processes of ontogenesis ...

  Natural science. encyclopedic Dictionary

• - ...

  Medical Encyclopedia

• - mutual correspondence of structures complementing each other, determined by their chemical properties, for example. K. antigen and antibody molecules, purine and pyrimidine bases of nucleic acids ...

  Big Medical Dictionary

• - Aborigines in biology, the same as autochthons ...
• - Species, the main structural unit in the system of living organisms, the qualitative stage of their evolution...

  Great Soviet Encyclopedia

• - Type in biology, 1) the highest taxonomic category in the taxonomy of animals, uniting related classes ...

  Great Soviet Encyclopedia

• - INTERNAL WATER BIOLOGY INSTITUTE RAS - founded in 1962 in the Nekouzsky district of the Yaroslavl region. Biological research in inland waters...
• - Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences - established in 1970 in Vladivostok. Study of the biota of the Far Eastern seas, development of theoretical and practical issues of reproduction of marine organisms...

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• - them. N. K. Koltsov RAS - founded in 1967 in Moscow on the basis of the Institute of Morphology. Severtsov Academy of Sciences of the USSR. The study of the individual development of animals and the problems of controlling the processes of ontogenesis...

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• - them. A. O. Kovalevsky of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine - organized in 1963 in Sevastopol on the basis of the Sevastopol and Karadag biological stations; in 1964, the Odessa Biological Station became part of the institute ...

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"Molecular Biology Institute" in books

author Steele Edward

author Team of authors

the author Raff Rudolph A

The most important discoveries and achievements of molecular genetics

From the book What if Lamarck is right? Immunogenetics and evolution author Steele Edward

The most important discoveries and achievements of molecular genetics 1952. It has been shown that the material of heredity in bacteriophages is DNA, not protein (A. Hershey and M. Chase). 1953 The structure (double helix) of DNA was discovered (J. Watson and F. Crick). P. Medawar and colleagues revealed the fact

The data of molecular biology confirmed and refined the conclusions about evolution obtained in other areas of science.

From the book The Origin of Life. Science and Faith author Team of authors

The data of molecular biology confirmed and refined the conclusions about evolution obtained in other areas of science. Charles Darwin and other biologists of the 19th century came to their conclusions about evolution despite the fact that they knew almost nothing about the molecular basis of life.

Different types of molecular evolution

From the book Embryos, Genes and Evolution the author Raff Rudolph A

Different Types of Molecular Evolution In discussing the fossil record and the rates of morphological evolution derived from it, it has been tacitly assumed that these rates reflect changes in the genome. The existence of a connection between the evolution of the genome and morphological

Father of molecular biology Linus Carl Pauling (February 28, 1901, Portland - August 19, 1994, Big Sur)

From the book Great Americans. 100 outstanding stories and destinies author Gusarov Andrey Yurievich

The Father of Molecular Biology Linus Carl Pauling (February 28, 1901, Portland - August 19, 1994, Big Sur) In 1970, a best-selling book was published in the United States. It was called Vitamin C and the Common Cold. Its author argued that daily intake from 6 to 18

From the book Against the Flow author Osterman Lev Abramovich

Formation of the Institute of Molecular Biology At the end of 1959 or at the beginning of 1960, regular readers of the American thick scientific journal Physical Review were quite surprised by the content of its two consecutive issues. This magazine has been regularly published for many decades

Discoveries of molecular biology and popularization myths

From the author's book

Discoveries of Molecular Biology and Myths of Popularization Molecular genetics has dotted many i's and clarified many questions - for example, the question of the possibility of cross-breeding between sapiens and earlier forms of man. At the same time, this new emerging science

The Future of Molecular Nanotechnology

author Dearing Michael

The Future of Molecular Nanotechnology Mature molecular nanotechnology is the end point of a long history of miniaturization of mechanical and electrical systems. Molecular nanotechnology - complete control over the structure of matter at the atomic level.

Perspectives of molecular biotechnology

From the book Dawn of the Singularity author Dearing Michael

Prospects for Molecular Biotechnology Biological knowledge is accumulating at an exponential rate. Soon all biological processes will be fully unraveled. Molecular biotechnology - a complete understanding and control of biological processes on the molecular

From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (MO) of the author TSB

GENE THERAPISTS GO TO THE FIGHT (FROM THE ARSENALS OF MOLECULAR GENETICS)

From the book His name is AIDS [The Fourth Horseman of the Apocalypse] author Tarantul Vyacheslav Zalmanovich

GENE THERAPISTS GO TO THE BATTLE (FROM THE ARSENALS OF MOLECULAR GENETICS) Non progredi est regredi (Not to go forward means to go back) Qui quaerit, reperit (Who seeks, he will find) Mystics and charlatans are not able to stop progress, let alone replace it. No matter how much you guess, no matter how much the shaman - nothing

Central dogma of molecular biology

From the book Why is our world the way it is [Nature. Human. Society (compilation)] author Krongauz Maxim Anisimovich

The central dogma of molecular biology "Dogma" is not a good word. Some are afraid of it, thinking that it is certainly something inert, fundamentally unprovable, limiting the free flight of thought. It's the same with Darwin's theory: for some reason there are people who

4.4.5. What does the scale hierarchy look like in molecular nanotechnology?

From the book Nanotechnology [Science, Innovation and Opportunity] by Foster Lynn

4.4.5. What does the scale hierarchy look like in molecular nanotechnology? The hierarchy of interactions described above is one of the most important problems in the development of any technology. Interestingly, nanotechnology offers us two ways to overcome this at the same time.