The Habsburg dynasty has been known since the 13th century, when its representatives owned Austria. And from the middle of the 15th century until the beginning of the 19th century, they completely retained the title of emperors of the Holy Roman Empire, being the most powerful monarchs of the continent.

History of the Habsburgs

The founder of the family lived in the X century. There is almost no information about him today. It is known that his descendant, Count Rudolph, acquired land in Austria already in the middle of the 13th century. Actually, southern Swabia became their cradle, where the early representatives of the dynasty had a family castle. The name of the castle - Habischtsburg (from German - "hawk castle") and gave the name of the dynasty. In 1273, Rudolf was elected king of the Germans and emperor. He conquered Austria and Styria from King Premysl Otakar of the Czech Republic, and his sons Rudolf and Albrecht became the first Habsburgs to rule in Austria. In 1298, Albrecht inherits from his father the title of emperor and German king. And later his son was elected to this throne. However, throughout the 14th century, the title of Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and King of the Germans was still elective among the German princes, and it was not always given to representatives of the dynasty. Only in 1438, when Albrecht II becomes emperor, did the Habsburgs finally appropriate this title for themselves. Subsequently, there was only one exception, when the elector of Bavaria achieved the kingship by force in the middle of the 18th century.

Rise of a dynasty

Since this period, the Habsburg dynasty has been gaining more and more power, reaching brilliant heights. Their successes were laid down by the successful policy of I, who ruled at the end of the 15th - beginning of the 16th century. Actually, his main successes were successful marriages: his own, which brought him the Netherlands, and his son Philip, as a result of which the Habsburg dynasty took possession of Spain. About the grandson of Maximilian, they said that the Sun never sets over his possessions - his power was so widespread. He owned Germany, the Netherlands, parts of Spain and Italy, as well as some possessions in the New World. The Habsburg dynasty was at the height of its power.

However, even during the life of this monarch, the gigantic state was divided into parts. And after his death, it completely disintegrated, after which the representatives of the dynasty divided their possessions among themselves. Ferdinand I got Austria and Germany, Philip II - Spain and Italy. In the future, the Habsburgs, whose dynasty was divided into two branches, were no longer a single entity. In some periods, relatives even openly opposed each other. As was the case, for example, during

Europe. The victory of the reformers in it hit hard on the power of both branches. Thus, the Holy Emperor never again had his former influence, which was associated with the formation in Europe. And the Spanish Habsburgs completely lost their throne, ceding it to the Bourbons.

In the middle of the 18th century, the Austrian rulers Joseph II and Leopold II for some time managed to once again raise the prestige and power of the dynasty. This second heyday, when the Habsburgs again became influential in Europe, lasted for about a century. However, after the revolution of 1848, the dynasty loses its monopoly of power even in its own empire. Austria turns into a dual monarchy - Austria-Hungary. Further - already irreversible - the process of disintegration was delayed only thanks to the charisma and wisdom of the reign of Franz Joseph, who became the last real ruler of the state. The Habsburg dynasty (photo on the right) after the defeat in the First World War was completely expelled from the country, and on the ruins of the empire in 1919 a number of national independent states arose.

I think it will be interesting for history lovers to read a brief illustrated history of one of the greatest European dynasties, which had a huge impact on the formation of the modern world, HABSBURG .

Family coat of arms of the Habsburgs:

The origin of the Habsburgs is not exactly known. A number of historians claim that they are descended from the French Carolingians. The first count of Habsburg at the beginning of the 11th century was Radbot . The family name comes from the name of the family he built Habichtsburg Castle ("Falcon's Nest").

This castle was located on the river Aar (or Are) in what is now Switzerland. Little remains of the medieval castle today. Now it looks like this:

The Habsburgs received real power in 1273, when, by order of Pope Gregory X Count Rudolf of Habsburg became the actual emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (although he never received this title, being called the king of Germany).
The Pope needed money and Rudolph's support to carry out a new crusade. And although the rulers of other European states did not show much enthusiasm for this, Rudolf I was a decisive man, he used his wealth and influence to expand the boundaries of his possessions and annex to them a number of vassal lands in relation to him as a German emperor (Kyburg, Swabia, Austria and the duchies adjoining it).

Rudolf I
(19th century sculpture in Speyer Cathedral):

And this is the Speyer Cathedral itself - the largest surviving building of the Romanesque style (XI century),
in the crypt of which Rudolf I of Habsburg was buried in 1291:

The political system of Europe was still in the process of formation. Rudolf I took an unusual step for that time - he made all feudal lands hereditary, and he declared Austria and Styria, captured by him during the struggle with the Czech king Premysl Otakar II, to be dynastic possessions of his kind, thus forming Austrian Habsburg Monarchy which lasted until 1918.

One of the most prominent representatives of the Habsburgs was the king of Germany and the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. Maximilian I (1459 - 1519) .

Portrait of Maximilian I by Albrecht Dürer (1519):

This Habsburg began to conduct a successful dynastic marriage policy , thanks to which the influence of the dynasty increased even more. He himself married a representative of the Burgundian family, Mary, daughter of Duke Charles the Bold, as a result of which he annexed to the empire not only Burgundy, but also Luxembourg, Brabant, Limburg, Flanders, Boulogne, Picardy, Holland, Zeeland, Friesland, and so on. (True, for these lands I had to fight with France and not always successfully).

Portrait of Maximilian I by Rubens (1518):

Coat of arms of Maximilian I
(on the shield are the emblems of Austria and Burgundy):

Own son Philip (1478 - 1506) Maximilian married Infanta John (Juan the Mad), inheriting Castile and Aragon, which was the first step towards turning Spain into the possession of the Habsburgs.

Portrait of Maximilian I and his family
(Bernhard Strigel, after 1515):

The Habsburgs reached their highest greatness during the reign of the grandson of Maximilian I - Charles V (1500 - 1558) .

Portrait of a young Charles V by Bernart van Orley (c. 1516):

Under Charles V, Sililia and Milan entered the sphere of influence of the Habsburgs, followed by entire states such as Spain and the Netherlands (together with all their overseas colonies). It was then that they began to say about the Habsburg Empire that over it "the sun never sets" .

Portrait of Charles V by Titian (c. 1550):

Coat of arms of Charles V of Habsburg:

In 1556, Charles V abdicated (tired, disappointed in his impracticable plans to make all of Western Europe a single state), which led to the division of his vast empire.

The main western territories (Spain with its overseas colonies and possessions in Italy, as well as the Netherlands) went to his son Philip II (1527 - 1598) , and the eastern (Austria, Hungary and Bohemia) - passed to his brother Ferdinand (1503 - 1564) .

From this period, with the exception of a few occasional ups, The Habsburg Empire began to fade .
And one of the main reasons for this was probably Charles V .

In 1526 he married the beautiful Isabella of Portugal (1503 - 1539) , who bore him five children, including the future Spanish king Philip II .

Portrait of Isabella of Portugal
works by Titian (1548):

But the thing is that she was Carl's cousin. This closely related marriage, most likely, served as one of the main reasons for the degeneration of the Spanish branch of the Habsburg dynasty.

Charles V and his son Philip II
(Antonio Arias Fernandez, mid-17th century):

And if in the Spanish king Philip II himself the signs of degeneration had not yet fully manifested (at least his policy was quite conscious), then in his descendants the results of incestuous marriages became quite obvious, which was facilitated by the Spanish king himself, who preferred to marry exclusively close relatives. relatives.

So, first wife Philip II became Mary of Portugal - his cousin (moreover, both by father and mother), who gave birth to the monarch of the heir named Carlos and died immediately after giving birth. But this heir turned out to be inferior both physically and mentally.

Portrait of the heir of Philip II - Don Carlos
(Alonso Sanchez Coelho, 1558):

In 1568, Don Carlos was personally arrested by his father, imprisoned in solitary confinement. Madrid Alcazar , where he died under unclear circumstances six months later (either he was poisoned by order of his father, or he died of natural causes).

Alcazar in Madrid has not survived to our time,
it burned down in 1734 (in its place is now the Royal Palace),
but fortunately we can see what it looked like thanks to contemporary artists:

Second wife Philip II became Queen of England Mary I Tudor , who was his father's cousin, that is, his aunt (and she was 12 years older than her husband).

Portrait of Mary Tudor by Antonis Mar (1554):

There were no children from this marriage, but even if they were born, they would become heirs not to the Spanish, but to the English throne.

third wife Philip II French princess Elizabeth of Valois as an exception, apparently, was not his close relative. She gave birth to the king of six children, but the boys who could become heirs to the throne, alas, did not survive, dying immediately after birth. She never left an heir, dying in 1568.

Portrait of Elizabeth of Valois
works by Juan Pantoja de la Cruz (1560):

Nevertheless, Philip II did not give up hope of having an heir and married for the fourth time . And again, his chosen one was a close relative - his own native niece by mother and the daughter of his cousin by father - Anna of Austria.

Portrait of Anne of Austria by Giuseppe Arcimbolde (c. 1563):

From this marriage, the heir still appeared. They became the king Philip III (1578 - 1627) , who became the first of the incapacitated kings of Spain, who brought the country to internal decline and foreign policy impotence.

Portrait of Philip III by Franz Pourbus the Younger:

Is it any wonder that did the Spanish branch of the Habsburg dynasty end in 1700?
Initiated in connection with this War of the "Spanish Succession" 1701 - 1714) led to the Spanish throne Bourbon .

Lasted a little longer Austrian branch of the Habsburgs .

But about this in next part... (See tag "Habsburgs" ).

So, to be continued...
Sergei Vorobyov.

During the Middle Ages and the New Age, the Habsburgs, without exaggeration, were the most powerful royal house. From the modest owners of castles in the north of Switzerland and in Alsace, the Habsburgs turn into the rulers of Austria by the end of the 13th century.

According to legend, the culprit of the curse was Count Werner von Habsburg, who in the 11th century seduced the daughter of an ordinary artisan, swearing with all this that he would definitely marry her, although he was already engaged to another.

When the poor woman became pregnant, and the situation became fraught with scandal, the count, without hesitation, gave the order to deliver her, already on demolition, to his underground jail, chained to the wall and starved to death.

Having given birth to a baby and dying together with him in the dungeon, the woman cursed her own killer and his entire family, wishing that people would always remember him as the cause of misfortunes. The curse soon came true. Participating in a boar hunt with his young wife, Count Werner was mortally wounded by a feral boar.

Since that time, the power of the Habsburg curse either subsided for a while, then again made itself felt. In the 19th century, one of the last Habsburgs, Archduke Maximilian, brother of the Austro-Hungarian ruler Franz Joseph, arrived in Mexico City in 1864 as the founder of the newest Habsburg imperial line, ruled for only three years, after which the Mexicans revolted. Maximilian stood before a military court and was shot. His wife Carlota, daughter of the Belgian king, lost her mind and ended her days in a psychiatric hospital.

Video: Hour of Truth The Romanovs and the Habsburgs

Soon another offspring of Franz Joseph, Crown Prince Rudolf, went to the world: he committed suicide. Then, under mysterious circumstances, the wife of the ruler, whom he passionately adored, was killed.

The heir to the throne, Archduke Ferdinand of Habsburg, was shot together with his wife in 1914 in Sarajevo, which served as a specific pretext for the start of the First World War.

Well, for the last time, the curse that weighed on the Habsburg family made itself known 15 years after the events in Sarajevo. In April 1929, the Viennese police were obliged to break open the door of the apartment, from which came the acrid smell of lighting gas. Three corpses were found in the room, in which the guards identified the great-great-grandson of the ruler Franz Joseph, his mother Lena Resch and his grandmother. All three, as shown by the investigation, committed suicide ...

What was the curse

Overlord Carlos 2

The Habsburgs, as you know, ruled most of the states of Europe for more than five hundred years, owning all this time Austria, Belgium, Hungary, Germany and Holland. For 16 generations, the family has grown to 3 thousand people. And later, in the 18th century, it began to disappear.

According to Gonzalo Alvarez, doctor of the Institute of Santiago de Compostello, the Habsburgs were pursued by high infant mortality, despite the fact that they were already deprived of all the hardships of poverty and were under constant medical supervision.

The Habsburgs were indeed tormented by the curse. But not from the magical, emphasizes Alvarez. It is well known that the curse of most royal families is marriages between relatives. So, hemophilia (blood incoagulability) until now, rightly or wrongly, is considered the "royal disease" caused by inbreeding, reports the CNews portal.

Dr. Gonzalo Alvarez states that the Habsburg dynasty suffered the most from inbreeding in Europe.

The crown of degradation was the Spanish ruler Carlos II, on whom Dr. Alvarez focuses his attention. The offspring of Philip the 4th, also a very sick person, he was ugly, suffered from intellectual deficiency and therefore had no chance of inheriting the crown, but his older brother, Balthazar Carlos, died at the age of 16, sending the freak to reign.

Carlos 2nd was marked by the “Hamburg lip” corresponding to most representatives of this family, a condition now called “mandibular prognathism” in medicine, the chin was very long, the tongue was very large, he spoke with difficulty and was drooling. He could not speak until 4, did not walk until 8, at 30 he looked like an old man, and at 39 he died without leaving an heir, as he was barren. He also suffered from convulsions and other disorders. In history, he is known as Carlos the Bewitched, since then it was believed that only sorceresses could bring on a similar state.

The Habsburg dynasty has been known since the 13th century, when its representatives owned Austria. And from the middle of the 15th century until the beginning of the 19th century, they completely retained the title of emperors of the Holy Roman Empire, being the most powerful monarchs of the continent.

History of the Habsburgs

The founder of the Habsburg family lived in the 10th century. There is almost no information about him today. It is known that his descendant, Count Rudolph, acquired land in Austria already in the middle of the 13th century. Actually, southern Swabia became their cradle, where the early representatives of the dynasty had a family castle. The name of the castle - Habischtsburg (from German - "hawk castle") and gave the name of the dynasty. In 1273 Rudolph was elected King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor.

He conquered Austria and Styria from King Premysl Otakar of the Czech Republic, and his sons Rudolf and Albrecht became the first Habsburgs to rule in Austria. In 1298, Albrecht inherits from his father the title of emperor and German king. And later his son was elected to this throne. However, throughout the 14th century, the title of Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and King of the Germans was still elective among the German princes, and it was not always given to representatives of the dynasty. Only in 1438, when Albrecht II becomes emperor, did the Habsburgs finally appropriate this title for themselves. Subsequently, there was only one exception, when the elector of Bavaria achieved the kingship by force in the middle of the 18th century.

Rise of a dynasty

Since this period, the Habsburg dynasty has been gaining more and more power, reaching brilliant heights. Their successes were laid down by the successful policy of Emperor Maximilian I, who ruled at the end of the 15th - beginning of the 16th century. Actually, his main successes were successful marriages: his own, which brought him the Netherlands, and his son Philip, as a result of which the Habsburg dynasty took possession of Spain. It was said about Maximilian's grandson, Charles V, that the Sun never sets over his possessions - his power was so widespread. He owned Germany, the Netherlands, parts of Spain and Italy, as well as some possessions in the New World. The Habsburg dynasty was at the height of its power.

However, even during the life of this monarch, the gigantic state was divided into parts. And after his death, it completely disintegrated, after which the representatives of the dynasty divided their possessions among themselves. Ferdinand I got Austria and Germany, Philip II - Spain and Italy. In the future, the Habsburgs, whose dynasty was divided into two branches, were no longer a single entity. In some periods, relatives even openly opposed each other. As was the case, for example, during the Thirty Years' War in

Europe. The victory of the reformers in it hit hard on the power of both branches. Thus, the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire never again had its former influence, which was associated with the formation of secular states in Europe. And the Spanish Habsburgs completely lost their throne, ceding it to the Bourbons.

In the middle of the 18th century, the Austrian rulers Joseph II and Leopold II for some time managed to once again raise the prestige and power of the dynasty. This second heyday, when the Habsburgs again became influential in Europe, lasted for about a century. However, after the revolution of 1848, the dynasty loses its monopoly of power even in its own empire. Austria becomes a dual monarchy - Austria-Hungary. Further - already irreversible - the process of disintegration was delayed only thanks to the charisma and wisdom of the reign of Franz Joseph, who became the last real ruler of the state. After the defeat in the First World War, the Habsburg dynasty (photo of Franz Joseph on the right) was completely expelled from the country, and a number of national independent states arose on the ruins of the empire in 1919.

The Habsburg dynasty was one of the largest and most powerful dynasties in Europe during the Middle Ages and the Modern Age. As emperors, they were able to make elective office hereditary.

History of the Habsburg family

The Habsburg dynasty originates from the distant 11th century, when a castle was built, which was named Habsburg, from where the dynasty's surname came from.

The coat of arms of the Habsburg family and the coat of arms of the Russian Empire coincide - a double-headed eagle, symbolizing the "Eastern Kingdom". This became the reason for the disputes of many historians about which of the two states the Western Europeans called the eastern one.

The ancestor of the dynasty is Count Rudolf of Habsburg, who was elected King of Germany in 1247. During his reign, he conquered the Austrian lands from the Czech Republic, which formed the foundation of the original ancestral possessions over the next eight hundred years. With the death of Rudolf, the throne of the Holy Roman Empire belonged to other royal families, until Albert II took it in 1438, securing permanent control of the HRE for his family.

The political activities of Frederick III and his son Maximilian I, as well as the great-grandson of Charles V, who elevated the prestige of the title of Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and breathed new life into its very existence.

Rice. 1. Portrait of Charles V.

In 1477, Maximilian enters into a dynastic marriage with Mary of Burgundy, annexing the historical province of Franche-Comté to the Habsburg possessions, and a few years later annexed the Netherlands.

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The development of market relations made this country a real pearl in the crown of the Habsburgs, already bringing to the treasury of Charles V twice as much money as the income of Spain at that time. Maximilian arranged a marriage between his son Charles and the daughter of the Spanish king, which allowed his grandson to gain legal rights to the throne in Bohemia.

With the death of Maximilian, a real struggle for the throne unfolded between Charles V and Francis of France, which continued throughout his life. Karl, using bribery of the Electors and blackmail, nevertheless achieved the imperial throne for the Habsburgs. Thus, the empire of this kind included Austria, the Netherlands, Germany, Spain, southern Italy with Sicily and many overseas colonies. His main idea was the formation of a "worldwide Christian monarchy".

Ferdinand I in 1562 held the election of the Roman king. His son won them, which ensured the emperor's popularity among the masses.

After the Thirty Years' War, the Habsburg Empire was on the verge of collapse. The current monarch, Leopold I, competed with Louis XIV for the right to dominate the European political arena. It is noteworthy that during these years the Turks besieged Vienna, and after that the war for the liberation of Hungary began. His policy as a whole was aimed at strengthening the created empire, which he managed to do.

Rice. 2. The Habsburg Empire at its peak.

Rivalry with the Hohenzollerns

Such a strengthening of the Habsburgs could not push them against the interests of the principality in Northern Germany, where the Hohenzollern dynasty ruled. Their capital was the city of Brandenburg, but the land plots were scattered far across the geographical map, including even East Prussia. Having united Germany under its command, this could not help but push the two great families in the war, which happened. The Austro-Prussian War of 1866 ended with the defeat of the Habsburgs and the formation of the North German Confederation. The Habsburgs lost their former influence in Central Europe forever.

Degeneration of a dynasty

Each emperor of the dynasty had many children. Concluding dynastic marriages with the rulers of other countries, it was impossible to avoid incest among relatives. Due to the rather wide family tree, such connections could turn out to be closely related.

As modern studies show, already under Philip I, a time bomb was planted. Children were increasingly born either weak or with various defects. A characteristic feature of the Habsburgs was the protruding downward lower lip, which can often be seen in the paintings of artists. Also, according to medieval documents, many children of the Habsburgs did not live up to one year.

In 2011, at the age of 99, the eldest son of the last Austrian Emperor Charles I, Archduke Otto von Habsburg, died.

Rice. 3. Portrait of Otto von Habsburg.

What have we learned?

The history of the Habsburg family is the history of the rise of a single family, pursuing a subtle and thoughtful policy. They came to their greatness in hundreds of years and decided the fate of Europe for the same number of years.

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This story, which no one, with all the desire, can call fictional, belongs to the category "TOP SECRET"(in Russian "top secret").

The mosaic structure of this story connects facts previously unconnected by historians, and therefore it is shocking for modern man. REVELATION.

Thanks to this mosaic picture, we learn, firstly, the true role of the Catholic Church in the fate of the peoples of Europe. Secondly, only now is it finally becoming clear what role the peoples of Europe played in the fate of the peoples of Europe. Jews in general and Sephardi Jews in particular, whose ancestral home is Spain. Much will become clear from what is happening in the world today.

In order for the puzzles of this historical mosaic to form correctly in the reader's mind and for the effect to arise, which is commonly called "INSIGHT", I arranged the found factual material in a strictly defined way, connecting it with logical connections. Perhaps because of this, after getting acquainted with this story, someone will write me a letter of thanks with the words: "Thank you! I received my sight!".

I really hope so. For the sake of this, in fact, I worked, trying to find historical truth for myself and for all other people.

Puzzle 1. Judaism Day: Vatican officials call Jews "big brothers".

Cardinal Kurt Koch, President of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity and head of the Commission for Dialogue with the Jewish People, in an interview with the Catholic French publication Kipa/Apic, named the Jews "elder brothers of Christians", and also recalled that . Priest Norbert Hofmann urged to celebrate all over the world "Judaism Day". In his opinion, this day is needed to "emphasize the Jewish roots of Christianity and promote the Christian-Jewish dialogue." Some countries, including Italy, Austria, the Netherlands and Poland, already have a similar day. It is held annually January 17. .

Of the entire volume of words of the first puzzle, it is important for the reader to remember only this: "There is a strong bond between Catholics and Jews" .

As regards the assertion that "Jews are the older brothers of Christians" , later you will realize that this is a lie. That is, according to the Bible, yes, Jews are the most ancient people on earth, but these are just words and nothing more! Today, this lie is exposed by the Jews themselves, more precisely by Jewish genetic scientists, who claim that "all modern Ashkenazi Jews descended from a group of people numbering approximately 350 people, who lived 600-800 years ago. These are the results of a study by an international group of geneticists led by Columbia University professor Shai Karmi ... " Information from the Jewish site: http://www.jewish.ru/

For reference: Ashkenazi(Hebrew אשכנזים‎) is a sub-ethnic group of Jews that formed in Central Europe. The use of this name for this cultural community is recorded by sources dating back to the 14th century. Historically, the everyday language of the vast majority of Ashkenazi Jews was Yiddish. As of the end of the 20th century, Ashkenazim make up the majority (about 80 % ) Jews of the world, their share among the Jews of the United States is even higher. However, in Israel they make up only about half of the Jewish population. Traditionally opposed Sephardim- a sub-ethnic group of Jews that took shape in medieval Spain. The Sephardim (Hebrew סְפָרַדִּים‎ “sfaradim”, from the toponym Sfarad (סְפָרַד), identified with Spain) is a sub-ethnic group of Jews that formed on the Iberian Peninsula from Jewish migration flows within the Roman Empire, and then within the Caliphate. Historically, the everyday language of Sephardic Jews was Ladino (Judesmo, Sephardic language). In total, there are approximately 1.5 - 2 million Sephardim on the planet, approximately— 12 million. (Wikipedia).

Puzzle 2. The Spanish Inquisition as the punishing sword of God

Fast forward mentally to the Middle Ages and remember that once existed "Holy Roman Empire"(the time of its existence is 962 - 1806).

We are now most interested in the period when the king of the Holy Roman Empire was the powerful Charles V (1500-1558) from the family Habsburg.

Reference: Habsburgs(German Habsburger) - one of the most powerful royal dynasties in Europe throughout the Middle Ages and the New Age. Representatives of the dynasty are known as the rulers of Austria (since 1282), which later transformed into the multinational Austro-Hungarian Empire (until 1918), which was one of the leading European powers, as well as the emperors of the Holy Roman Empire, whose throne the Habsburgs occupied from 1438 to 1806 (with a brief break in 1742-1745). The founder of the Habsburg dynasty was Guntram the Rich (c. 930-990), whose possessions were located in the northern Switzerland and Alsace.

Charles V Habsburg.

In this regard, let me ask a question: who arranged for the "heretics" the most monstrous tortures and executions, who invented various tools and devices for them?

Shown here is one of the thousands of ways inquisitors can get a confession from a "heretic". The accused was undressed and "seated" as shown in the figure on a special device - a wooden or iron pyramid with a point. With the help of a rope, the inquisitor could regulate the pressure of the point, lower the victim slowly or jerkily. If the rope was completely released, the victim was planted on the tip with all his weight.

Answer to the question: "who arranged for the 'heretics' the most monstrous tortures and executions, who invented various tools and devices for them?", I personally saw in the statement of the Catholic Cardinal Kurt Koch: "There is a strong bond between Catholics and Jews" . And the parallels between this medieval history and the Russian history of the twentieth century suddenly arose by themselves, as well as new questions: "who created the punishing sword of the revolution in Russia - the Cheka? Who initially did the work in it medieval inquisitors?

Here, without options - all the same Jews, and Sephardim, and Ashkenazim!

How successful this"punishing sword" Holy Roman Empire which was aimed at suppression of any dissent in society, according to the statistics of that time.

According to the available historical chronicles, only from 1481 to 1498 there were burned alive about 8,800 people and 90,000 people were subject to confiscation of property and ecclesiastical punishments.

Further, the number of those repressed by the Spanish Inquisition and burned alive began to grow in arithmetic progression. The reason for this was the fact that the priests of the Roman Catholic Church, in addition to the fight against the so-called "Protestants", also announced "witch hunt".

All those people that we call today psychics, Catholic priests outlawed. They coined the labels "witch" and "sorcerer" for them and declared that their total destruction was a charitable deed. A real hunt was declared for these people with a rare gift, such as Christ, about whom the Gospels tell, on the territory of the Holy Roman Empire. After their identification and arrest, these unfortunates were expected by a terrible church trial and no less terrible death.

Reference: In 1484, the 213th Pope Innocent VIII (1432-1492) issued the bull "Summis desiderantes affectibus" ("With all the powers of the soul"), directed against witches and sorcerers. The “Great Hunt” for them began in the middle of the 16th century and lasted for about 200 years. This period accounts for about 100,000 processes and 50,000 victims. Most of the victims were in the states of Germany, Switzerland, France and Scotland, to a lesser extent, the witch hunt affected England, Italy and Spain. Only a few witch trials took place in America, the most famous example being the Salem events of 1692-1693. Especially mass trials of witches and sorcerers were in the territories where protest movements arose. In the Lutheran and Calvinist states, their own, even more severe than the Catholic, laws on witchcraft appeared (for example, the review of court cases was canceled). So, in the Saxon city of Quedlinburg with a population of 12 thousand people, 133 "witches" were burned on one day in 1589. In Silesia, one of the executioners designed a stove in which in 1651 he burned 42 people, including two-year-old children. Witch hunts were no less brutal in Germany, especially in Trier, Bamberg, Mainz and Würzburg. About a thousand people were executed in Cologne in 1627-1639. A priest from Alfter, in a letter to Count Werner von Salm, described the situation in Bonn at the beginning of the 17th century as follows: “It seems that half the city is involved: professors, students, pastors, canons, vicars and monks have already been arrested and burned ... The chancellor with his wife and the wife of his personal The secretary has already been captured and executed. On the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, the ward of the prince-bishop, a nineteen-year-old girl known for her piety and piety, was executed ... Three or four-year-old children were declared lovers of the Devil. They burned students and boys of noble birth 9-14 years old. In conclusion, I will say that things are in such a terrible state that no one knows with whom to speak and cooperate. Witch persecution in Germany culminated during the Thirty Years' War of 1618-1648, when warring parties accused each other of witchcraft.

Bonfires with living people then blazed all over Europe, and this monstrous practice continued until the beginning of the 19th century!

The last victim, as historians testify, was burned by the inquisitors in the family nest of the Habsburgs - in Switzerland.

Habsburg Castle, Switzerland, 16th century drawing.

Reference: the last person executed in Europe for witchcraft is Anna Geldi, who was executed in Switzerland in 1782 (under torture she confessed to witchcraft, but officially she was sentenced to death for poisoning). Sporadic accusations of witchcraft occurred in the jurisprudence of the German states and Great Britain until the end of the first quarter of the 19th century, although witchcraft as such no longer served as a basis for criminal liability. .

The result of mass psychosis, which was generated by the Spanish Inquisition and the Roman Catholic Church, is simply terrible. According to historians, the executioners, who proclaimed themselves "God's vicegerents on earth" (try to comprehend these blasphemous words!), For the period from 1481 to 1782, women alone were executed (and according to the most conservative estimates) about 300 thousand !!! (This killer figure is given in the world's best-selling printed English encyclopedia, the World Book.)

A drawing from the book "Hammer of the Witches" by Jacob Sprenger clearly shows how this happened in Europe for three hundred years.

Think about it! Think about what MONSTERS Europe has been in the grip of for centuries!

After such information, I would like to ask the reader another rhetorical question: and now Europe is at the mercy of the best rulers?

Puzzle 4. The Habsburgs sell the castle of Count Dracula

The fact that the Habsburg family is still alive was recently told by the media:

"Representatives of the Habsburg family decided to sell Bran Castle in the central part of Romania. It is believed that it was there that the ruler (prince) of Wallachia lived Vlad Tepes (years of life 1431 — 1476, which became the prototype of the "vampire Dracula". (Translated from Romanian "Dracul" means— "son of the dragon").The parties have not yet commented on what price a possible deal, Interfax reports. The legendary castle was built in the 14th century. Bran Castle, valued at $25 million, was later owned by the Romanian Queen Maria and her daughter, Princess Ileana (who married Archduke Anton in 1931). Habsburg-Tuscan.— A.B.), and in 1948 it was confiscated by the communist government of the country.Eight years ago, the castle of Vlad III was returned to the rightful heirs— Habsburgs, and now the authorities of the city of Brasov are considering the possibility of buying it. Source: www.pravda.ru

Dracula's castle. Romania.

Do you want to know what he is famous for? Vlad III?

Look at this medieval engraving. It is called "Feast of Tsar Vlad III at the place of execution" .

Vlad III went down in history as a tyrant, who was characterized by incredible cruelty. His cruelty kept his whole country in terrible fear. Vlad III could order a person to be subjected to terrible torture for any reason and even for no reason.

One of the particularly strange habits of Vlad III was that he liked to have breakfast at the place of execution or at the site of a recent battle. The count ordered to bring him a table and food, sat down and ate among the dead or dying people. It is this scene that is reflected in the medieval engraving presented above. The favorite torture of Vlad III was putting people on a stake, but quartering and burning alive were also practiced. There is a known case when Vlad ordered an entire family to be burned alive in their own house. Source: www.pravda.ru

Puzzle 5. The First World War - the war of the Habsburgs.

We all know that the First World War of 1914-1918, which claimed the lives of about 10 million people in the 20th century and maimed more than 50 million people, began with a provocation in the Serbian city of Sarajevo. On June 28, 1914, a Jewish student of Serbian origin, Gabriel (Gavrila) Princip, shot the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, Franz Ferdinand Karl Ludwig Joseph von, from a pistol. Habsburg Archduke d'Esteserbsky and his wife Duchess Sophie of Hohenberg.

Franz Ferdinand von Habsburg(1863-1914) and his wife Sophia Hohenberg (1868-1914)..

Don't you think it's a strange combination: a Jew killed one of the Habsburgs?!

And one, throughout history!

What's wrong here? Why only this representative of the genus Habsburg suffered such a fate?

I found the answer to this question in the encyclopedic reference: "In 1899, Franz Ferdinand - heir to Emperor Franz Joseph - shocked the Austrian court, announcing its intention to marry 30-year-old Countess Hotek. Despite the energetic opposition from Emperor Franz Joseph himself and the Pope(whose position was shared by the German Kaiser and the Russian Tsar) Franz Ferdinand July 1, 1900 in Reichstadt married with his chosen one. None of the Habsburgs attended the ceremony". .

Both of them (Ferdinand and Sophia) were shot by Gabriel (Gavrila) Princip, saving the Habsburg family from an obstinate relative and his wife, who did not come to court.

It is reasonable now to ask the following question: What were the goals of the First World War, in which the Russian Empire was drawn?

The war distracted the minds and forces of millions of people who, on duty, were supposed to defend the Fatherland. The war also ruined the treasury of the Russian Empire, worsened the life of the common people, and this could not but affect the mindset that prevailed in Russian society.

When the chaos in the minds of people approached a critical point, from Switzerland, from the Habsburg citadel, in the so-called "sealed wagon" (there were several of them), revolutionaries arrived in Russia, who were assigned the task of blowing up Russian society from the inside and carrying out a coup d'état.

Here is a list of people who traveled in the same carriage with V.I. Ulyanov-Lenin.

The list is cited in the style of the St. Petersburg newspaper "Common Cause" (October 14, 1917).

The editor, revolutionary Burtsev, clarifies that this is only the first train, followed by two more with hundreds of passengers.

1. Ulyanov, Vladimir Ilyich (Lenin).
2. Suliashvili, David Sokratovich.
3. Ulyanova, Nadezhda Konstantinovna.
4. Armand, Inessa Fedorovna.
5. Safarov, Georgy Ivanovich.
6. Mortochkina, Valentina Sergeevna (wife of G.I. Safarov).
7. Kharitonov, Moses Motkovich.
8. Konstantinovich, Anna Evgenievna (sister-in-law of Inessa Armand).
9. Usievich, Grigory Alexandrovich.
10. Kon, Elena Feliksovna (wife of G.A. Usievich).
11. Ravich, Sarra Naumovna.
12. Tskhakaya, Mikhail Grigorievich.
13. Skovno, Abram Anchilovich.
14. Radomyslsky, Ovsei Gershen Aronovich (Zinoviev, Grigory Evseevich).
15. Radomyslskaya Zlata Ionovna.
16. Radomyslsky, Stefan Ovseevich (son of Zinoviev).
17. Rivkin, Zalman Berk Oserovich.
18. Slyusareva, Nadezhda Mikhailovna.
19. Goberman, Mikhail Vulfovich.
20. Abramovich, Maya Zelikovna (Abramovich, Shaya Zelikovich).
21. Linde, Johann Arnold Joganovich.
22. Sokolnikov (Diamond), Grigory Yakovlevich.
23. Miringof, Ilya Davidovich.
24. Miringof, Maria Efimovna.
25. Rozneblum, David Mordukhovich.
26. Payneson, Semyon Gershovich.
27. Grebelskaya, Fanya.
28. Pogovskaya, Bunya Khemovna (with her - son Reuben)
29. Eisenbund, Meer Kivov. .

And again an interesting combination: Switzerland, the Habsburgs and the trainload of Jews who proceeded to Russia, to St. Petersburg, to make a revolution in it, while the soldiers and officers of the Russian Army fought and died on the fronts of the First World War.

Puzzle 6. Talerhof concentration camp and the crucifixion of Galician Russians (Rusyns) according to the laws of the Holy Roman Empire.

The First World War began on July 28, 1914, and already on September 4, at the direction of the authorities of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (at the direction of the Habsburgs), a concentration camp was created for Russians (Rusyns) driven from Galicia. It was one of the first concentration camps in the world history of the 20th century and the first in Europe. The official name of the concentration camp is "Thalerhof". It was built in a sandy valley at the foot of the Alps, near Graz, the main city of the province of Styria.

This rare photograph shows that people were originally held behind barbed wire in an open field.

Until the winter of 1915, there were no barracks in Talerhof. People lay on the ground under the open sky in rain and frost. According to US Congressman D. M. McCormick, the prisoners were beaten and tortured. The camp was closed only in May 1917 by order of the last emperor of Austria-Hungary, Charles I (also a Habsburg).

And this photo shows that for the Habsburgs the traditions of the Holy Roman Empire remained unshakable even in the 20th century.

According to the Gospels, it was on the same three T-shaped pillars that Christ the Savior was crucified along with two thieves.

Photo taken in 1914. The crucifixion of the Rusyns!

Puzzle 7. Under whose flag is Kyiv waging war against "Protestants" in the southeast of Ukraine?

This is the flag Ukraine.

This is the flag lower austria.

This is the flag Kingdom of Dalmatia.

All three flags are the same!!!

Why don't you understand?

Now understand!

Pro Austria, which was formerly part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire andhas been in control for a long time Habsburg, you already know.

What do we know about the Kingdom of Dalmatia?

Reading the encyclopedia: Kingdom of Dalmatia- a vassal kingdom that existed from 1815 to 1918 under the rule of Habsburg Monarchy. It was formed from the territories that the Habsburgs conquered from the French Empire in 1815. The Kingdom of Dalmatia remained a separate administrative unit of Austria-Hungary until 1918, after which many territories of the kingdom (with the exception of Zadar and Lastovo) became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later the Kingdom of Yugoslavia). .

It is reasonable to think: if two countries - Lower Austria and the Kingdom of Dalmatia - have a blue-and-yellow flag because they were under the control and rule of the Habsburgs, is it by chance that the present-day Ukraine has exactly the same Habsburg flag? Is the war unleashed by the puppet Kyiv authorities a continuation of the aggressive policy of the Habsburgs?

Yes, and the external similarity of the current president of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko with one of Habsburg downright surprising.

Petro Poroshenko, the current president of Ukraine.

Charles VI, ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 1711 to 1740.

Maybe they are relatives? Peter Poroshenko is painfully similar in his facial features to Charles VI, and in his bloodthirstiness to Vlad III (Dracula).

How, however, everything is twisted in our history ...

Draculas, vampires, villains... and everywhere like hell - Jews, Jews, Jews...

I hope that now the reader understands what terrible evil has been trying to absorb and destroy Russian Civilization for many centuries?!

When most people understand this and begin to see clearly, then we will be able to defeat, together, all Draculas, along with their six-devils.

And only after that the long-awaited peace will come on earth!