Bolshaya Molchanovka Street - a street in the Arbat district of the Central Administrative District of Moscow. It is located between Povarskaya street and Trubnikovsky lane. The length of the street is 500 m.
Bolshaya Molchanovka Street in Moscow - history, name
In this area there was a settlement of pipe workers, in which there were lanes of Trubnikov and Bolshie Trubniki. They housed the extensive household of the Streltsy Colonel M.A. Molchanov, and from the XVIII century. the lanes became known as Bolshaya and Malaya Molchanovka streets. Bolshaya Molchanovka was also known as Streletskaya Street.
Houses on Bolshaya Molchanovka
Bolshaya Molchanovka, 17 A. House of Baskakov . The house for renting apartments was built in 1911 by O.G. Piotrovich by order of V.V. Baskakova. The upper floor was added later.
Bolshaya Molchanovka, 18. House of Tikhomirovs . Apartment house of spouses D.I. and E.N. Tikhomirovs, well-known figures of education at the turn of the 19th - 20th centuries, built by N.D. Strukov in 1904. The "Wednesdays" of artists in the apartment of Shmarovin, who lived in this house, are devoted to Gilyarovsky's essays "Newspaper Moscow".
Bolshaya Molchanovka, 21 A. House of Baskakov . House for renting apartments V.V. Baskakov was built by O.G. Piotrovich in 1912. Before the October Revolution, N.V. lived in it. Basnin (1843-1918) - lawyer, collector, specialist in engraving. It also housed his collection of prints and graphics.
The house on Novinsky Boulevard is associated with the life and work of the outstanding Russian singer, the famous bass Fyodor Ivanovich Chaliapin. This is Chaliapin's first own Moscow house, it is filled with a special "home" Chaliapin atmosphere. The museum is rich in authentic items of the Chaliapin family. Among them are pieces of furniture, a Bechstein piano, grandfather clocks, wedding candles of Fyodor and Iola, theatrical costumes, programs of performances, posters ... There are many paintings in the house donated to Chaliapin by artists: V. Serov, K. Korovin, V. Polenov, M. Nesterov, M. Vrubel. A large collection of his own works was donated to the Museum by the singer's son Boris Chaliapin. Currently, the Memorial Estate is open to visitors. They are waiting for exhibitions, thematic and sightseeing tours, concerts of famous and young performers, meetings of subscription cycles, children's holidays. The gallery of the Memorial Estate of F. I. Chaliapin forms a single complex with the House-Museum. In its premises, exhibitions are held dedicated to both history and topical issues of Russian vocal art; they acquaint visitors with the materials of specialized museums and private collections. The Gallery space hosts evenings and concert subscriptions on various topics - Musical Capitals of the World, Artistic Families, Meetings on Novinsky Street, Piano Evenings at the Chaliapin House, Choral Assemblies, Debut at the Chaliapin House, etc. Well-known domestic and foreign singers conduct master classes in the house of the great Russian performer. Fedor Ivanovich Chaliapin bought a house on Novinsky Boulevard in 1910, at the age of 37. He lived here for twelve years, this is the heyday of his talent, the time of mature skill, deeply conscious creativity, world-wide fame. After the purchase of the building, Chaliapin's wife, the Italian ballerina Iola Tornaghi, took care of its repair. The former house of the merchant K. Bazhenova, built at the end of the 18th century, was rebuilt in a new European way: gas, water supply, bathrooms, and a telephone appeared in it. Not only the house was improved, but also a vast garden, where they installed a gazebo overlooking the Moscow River and cozy benches, planted a linden alley, jasmine and lilac bushes, and planted flower beds. For the Chaliapins, it was a real family home, where both adults and children lived comfortably - and Fyodor Ivanovich had five of them. The hospitable estate was often visited by many famous figures of Russian culture: S. Rachmaninov and L. Sobinov, M. Gorky and I. Bunin, K. Korovin and K. Stanislavsky. In 1918, the house was nationalized and became a communal apartment for 60 years. In 1978, the building was transferred to the State Central Museum of Musical Culture named after. M. I. Glinka for the creation of the Museum of F. I. Chaliapin. It took eight years of complex repair and restoration work in order to restore the house the way Chaliapin knew it. The interiors of the house were recreated from photographs and stories of the singer's children. The White Hall, the Green Living Room, a dining room, an office, a billiard room... Life in these rooms went according to routine, it was not disturbed by the busy tour schedule of the artist. In the White Hall, Chaliapin rehearsed with many of his guests, celebrated benefit performances in the dining room, and Fyodor Ivanovich liked to read in his office. Chaliapin adored billiards, a table for the game of the company "V. K. Schultz” was given to him by his wife. Now, as in the time of Chaliapin, the light-yellow facade of the house faces Novinsky Boulevard, figured chimneys flaunt on its green roof, and decorative vases on the pillars of carved cast-iron gates.
Previously, this corner building on 15 Bolshaya Molchanovka Street in Moscow faced Serebryany Lane with one of its facades, but after the construction of Novy Arbat, the latter was greatly curtailed and today the house already faces the newly formed Moscow Avenue. The emerging perspective greatly disfigures the view of the building from one of the central thoroughfares of the city, although the former apartment building is of architectural value.
Thus, in order to see all the beauty of the building, it is better to go to Bolshaya Molchanovka and enjoy what you see.
Architecture and history of the tenement house
The history of the house began in 1903, when for the customer V.A. Chizhov and erected this property according to the project of the architect Nikolai Semenov.
The compositional component is made in calm and balanced forms. The front entrance is located on the side of Bolshaya Molchanovka, 15. The corner part is framed by a two-story rectangular bay window, which significantly recedes outward from the projection of the building itself.
Three graceful attics with rounded attic window openings arranged in them give a special charm to the silhouette of the house. They are located above a cornice that protrudes significantly from the walls.
I would like to pay special attention to the decor in the Art Nouveau style. One of the most notable elements here is the relief frieze located above the window openings of the third level. Looking closer, we will see ... geese, imposingly walking through the wetlands, strewn with water lilies and overgrown with reeds.
The corner plane of the former apartment building is also decorated with stucco elements, in particular, the exit to the balcony, located above the bay window, is decorated with floral ornaments, also playing with the theme of marsh vegetation. Directly under the bay window, you can see a relief-made curl.
The contrast of the colors of the façade at 15 Bolshaya Molchanovka attracts the eye, where the greenish color of the façade turns into reddish ceramic tiles with glimpses of black and white tiles. This narrow "ribbon" seems to wrap around the front part of the facade, located under the cornice.
M. Lermontov's house on Molchanovka is a unique place: the only building in Moscow that "remembers" the poet. Together with his grandmother Elizaveta Arsenyeva, he moved here in August 1829 and lived here for about three years. The mansion of the merchant's wife F. Chernova is a typical example of Moscow architecture, rebuilt after: a one-story building with a mezzanine, a manor courtyard and outbuildings made of wood (a kitchen, a people's hut, a stable, a carriage house, a glacier and a barn). It was here that the great Russian poet wrote more than half of all his poems!
The house-museum of M. Yu. Lermontov offers an exposition and exhibitions dedicated to the life of the poet in Moscow. The museum was opened within these walls in 1981 thanks to the efforts of the famous literary critic Irakli Andronikov. The building itself miraculously survived: in the 1960s. a huge highway passed through this old Moscow district - Kalininsky Prospekt (in our time - Novy Arbat), in connection with which many historical places of the 18th-19th centuries were destroyed. were irretrievably lost. But Andronikov noticed this house in time and secured its preservation.
Museum Treasures
Next room - room Elizaveta Arsenyeva (1773–1845; née Stolypina), the poet's grandmother. The ancient noble family of the Stolypins has been known in Russia since the 16th century, and the famous statesman P. A. Stolypin was his descendant). The fate of Elizabeth Alekseevna was tragic: she lost her husband early, then her only daughter, and after that her only grandson, about whom she said: “He alone is the light of my eyes, all my bliss is in him.”
On one of the walls of the room you can see a portrait of the seven-year-old Misha, which his grandmother constantly carried with her. Already in childhood, Lermontov's appearance attracted contemporaries. He was stocky, short in stature, and, according to the artist M. E. Melikov, “had big brown eyes, the power of charm of which still remains a mystery to me.”
On one of the walls of the room you can see a portrait of the seven-year-old Misha, which his grandmother constantly carried with her. Already in childhood, Lermontov's appearance attracted contemporaries. He was squat, short and, according to the artist M. Melikov, "had big brown eyes, the strength of the charm of which still remains a mystery to me."
This room also contains the watercolor Spaniard with a Dagger. Lermontov believed that his ancestors were from Spain. This inspired the poet to create the first drama "The Spaniards", and later Lermontov painted a portrait of his mythical ancestor on the wall of Lopukhin's house. The poet believed that the founder of his family - the Duke of Lerma - was born in Spain, and later fled from the Moors to Scotland. The exposition presents the coat of arms of the Lermontov family, which actually comes from.
In Moscow, the poet studied first at the Noble Boarding School, and then at the university. On the writing table "Course of Mathematics" by Bezu, the almanac "Cepheus" of 1829, in which S. Raich published the works of the pupils of the boarding school, the charter of the educational institution, Lermontov's petition for admission to Moscow University.
In the following rooms - Large and Small living rooms- recreated the atmosphere of Lermontov's time. The small living room, decorated in the Empire style, is the most comfortable room in the house. Relatives, neighbors, friends of the poet from boarding school and university often gathered here.
While in Moscow, Lermontov fell in love with Ekaterina Sushkova. This youthful passion was reflected in a cycle of poems in 1830. On the draft of the poem "Stans" you can see the image of Sushkova's profile, made by the poet himself.
Much more serious was Lermontov's feeling for Varvara Lopukhina. The self-portrait presented to her by the poet is his most reliable image. On it, Mikhail Yuryevich appears in the form of the Nizhny Novgorod regiment against the backdrop of the Caucasus mountains.
Lermontov's room located on the mezzanine. Resting from the bustle of Moscow, the poet closed himself in it, meditated, read, worked on new works. By the time he left Moscow in 1832, he had written over 250 poems, 17 poems and three dramas.
This room immerses us in the world of the poet, here are portraits of his idols, Byron and, as well as a bust of Napoleon. On the bookshelves are works by Pushkin, Shakespeare, Schiller, books on philosophy, and writings by contemporary writers. Lermontov collected a rich library in Moscow. He read constantly and was proud of his collection of books.
The residential complex "House with Lions" is located in a quiet side street between Novy Arbat and Povarskaya streets. As part of the project, a seven-story building of an apartment building built in 1914 by the architect Kondratenko was reconstructed. Today it is an elite residential complex of club type.
The House with Lions has a rich history. It is known primarily for the fact that in the first years after the revolution, the writer Alexei Tolstoy lived here. The main entrance is decorated with sculptures of two royal lions with heraldic shields, which have become the hallmark of the house. The exquisite design of the facade has attracted the attention of filmmakers more than once: The House with Lions has been repeatedly used for filming in domestic films.
Apartments in the "House with Lions"
LCD " House with Lions» designed for 27 apartments ranging from 120 to 340 sq.m. These include duplex apartments on the top floor. Glazed winter gardens are equipped on the roof. The rooms have high ceilings - from 3 to 4.5 meters, free layout, French balconies, wooden double-glazed windows. The interiors have preserved unique old stucco.
Description and infrastructure
The house stands out with a luxurious facade with modern and art deco elements. It is decorated with columns, porticoes, arches, semicircular bay windows, exquisite stucco. Facing is made of natural stone and plaster. The presentable main entrance with lions is continued by a luxurious main staircase. During the reconstruction, the building was equipped with elevators.
From the side of the courtyard, a closed house adjoining territory adjoins the building. Ground parking and a checkpoint are equipped on the territory, round-the-clock security is organized.
