How to memorize large amounts of information. How to quickly learn exam tickets How to quickly learn tickets in 1 day

Sergei Anatolievich Gorin

There are rare people whom nature has endowed eidetic memory, that is, almost photographic: I saw - I remembered. These phenomenal people and books read like this: they flip through quickly, capture it with their eyes, and then slowly take it out of memory and read it slowly. Of course, during the exam, they can extract the image of a textbook or abstract from the brain and simply quote the desired page of the original source. If your student is just such a unique person, you can skip the article, it is not for you.

If your graduate is unlucky and doesn't have a photographic memory, read on because we'll talk about mnemonics(the art of memory) and mnemonics(remembering techniques).

Simple folk tricks of mnemonics

You will be surprised, but tying memory knots is a real mnemonics based on conditioned reflexes.

It works like this: you think intently about something that needs to be remembered / remembered to do, and you tie a knot on a handkerchief. Then you take out a scarf (perhaps by accident), see a knot on it and successfully remember for what action you tied it.

The same principle was applied to the notches on the nose: take the nose (a wooden stick that an illiterate peasant carried with him, that's why it is called that) and, thinking intently about what you need to remember, make a notch. They saw a notch - they remembered what needed to be done.

There was another use case at the nose: as many notches were made on it as peasant Ivan borrowed sacks of wheat from peasant Peter. Then the stick was split in two lengthwise, and both illiterate participants in the loan agreement had proof of the conclusion of this agreement.

cramming

To learn how to swim, you have to swim, not read books about learning to swim. To develop memory, you need to memorize a lot, and the more often you load your memory, the more trained it will be to quickly assimilate new information.

The word "cramming" has a disparaging connotation, but in vain.

Cramming is just a repeated repetition of the text (date, phone number) that you want to remember.

So take care of your health! Poems, for example, you will not memorize in a different way.

Everything that you kept in short-term memory for at least 40 seconds goes into long-term memory, so we remember a huge amount of information as a result.

According to the mechanism of long-term retention in short-term memory, the memorization of educational material when taking notes on lectures also works. Only in this case, we use the whole complex: we connect visual memory (tables, illustrations) and motor, motor (selective writing plus additional consideration of theses during recording) to auditory memory.

The complex "hearing-sight-record" for the development of memory is very useful:

people remember only 10% of what they hear, 30% of what they see, but as much as 70% of what they do!

And he wrote it down, so he did it. With independent assimilation of the material, you can also connect different types of memory:

Briefly retell to someone what you read in the textbook, highlighting the most important thing in the text in advance;

Make a short summary of the main points.

True, in everyday life people write down not in order to remember, but in order not to forget: “Yeah, I wrote it down, you don’t have to remember it, just so you don’t forget where you wrote it down.”

So additional reflection on the material during recording is an important component of memory.

Help cramming

Try to give memorable material own system- this is the basis of most of the mnemonic techniques.

For example, it is practically impossible to remember the sequence of letters vfvf cibkf vyt infys bp ,th`pjdjq rjhs without writing. But the task becomes ridiculously easy if the sequence is otherwise systematized. In this case, this is the phrase “my mother sewed birch bark pants for me,” typed in Russian letters with an English keyboard layout.

Some of the material is already organized for you, therefore, while preparing for the exam, you can not memorize all the chapters from the textbook in a row, but the answers to specific exam tickets.

School and college honors do just that.

The questions from the tickets are not secret, their content is usually posted at the institute or school on the bulletin board, they can be rewritten or photographed. If you have learned at least half of the tickets, the probability of getting an A on the exam is almost one hundred percent - probability theory is on your side.

To create your own systematization schemes, you can include the following simple techniques: rhyming and rhythmization memorized material.

Numbers and numbers are especially easy to remember if they rhyme.

Remember at least elementary school and the multiplication table: "five five - twenty-five" and "six six - thirty-six" are remembered instantly. But after "seven seven" one is drawn to answer "forty-seven", although the correct answer is "forty-nine".

“You just have to try and remember everything as it is: three, fourteen, fifteen, ninety-two and six. If we ask more - five, three, five and eight.

Modern schoolchildren tend to pretend to be rappers, giving out their deep knowledge with a recitative:

“Serfdom was abolished, doo-doo, in a thousand eight hundred shisyat the first year!”

However, additional rhythmization of the text that you need to remember, with the help of tapping with your hand, tapping your foot and shaking your body to the beat of speech, helps with memorizing classical poems, and chemical formulas, and mathematical equations. Try it!

That is how, with additional rhythmization, radio operators once helped themselves to memorize Morse code. To assimilate it visually is a heavy burden, but the radio operators worked by ear, so they correlated individual dot-dash signals with common speech and song phrases.

For any old radio amateur, the number 2 in Morse code is not 2 dots and 3 dashes, not a visual image. . _ _ _"; for him, this is the phrase "I'm on hoOor-kuUu-shlaAa."

Accordingly, the number 3 is not 3 dots, 2 dashes, not a picture. . . _ _", and the phrase "i-dut-three-braAa-taAa".

Mnemonics based on visual imagination

This is the largest group of memorization techniques, it is impossible to describe them all in one article. Let's take the most common and simple tricks.

Reception "Ulekele". Described in a Hollywood movie.

The offender dropped a piece of paper on which the mysterious word Ulekele was written in his hand. And now the investigator thinks tensely: what did the criminal want to say, what does this word mean? There is a ukulele musical instrument. If this word were on a piece of paper, the detective could not strain at all - maybe the villain decided to learn music in his old age?

But no, the word is spelled somehow wrong, and through an unthinkable strain of mental abilities, the detective guesses: but the criminal element simply wrote off the letters from the phone, which, like numbers, are written on the phone keys and can correspond to some seven-digit telephone number !

And the number 8535353 just belongs to the victim - which means that the bad killer remembered her phone number in order to call and find out if she was at home! (We would, however, remember such a number even without the ulekele).

Good triumphs, the criminal is exposed, and the viewer is told a simple system for remembering phone numbers or a sequence of two dates.

Difficulties arise only with one and zero: on mobile phones, the keys 1 and 0 are not provided with letters. You will have to enter a plus sign into the words (key 0 is a + sign or a space) and some of your favorite punctuation marks for unity (key 1 is punctuation marks).

Then the years of life of the once very popular, and now less and less frequently quoted Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov-Lenin (1870-1924) will look like this in encrypted form: [email protected] ebi. If you come up with something more meaningful, it will be easier to remember.

Reception "Live numbers". In its simplest form, it is described in Karel Capek's short story "The Poet".

The city poet, a witness to a traffic accident, did not remember the number of the car that hit the old woman, but in hot pursuit he wrote a poem with the lines: "O neck of the swan! O chest! O drum and these sticks - a sign of tragedy!

Interrogating the poet, the investigator found out that the lines were inspired by the poetic understanding of the numbers: 2 (the neck of a swan), 3 (chest), 5 (a round drum and two sticks). At the same time, the poet did not remember the number of the car itself and refused to name it. The plate number of the car that hit the pedestrian, which the investigator was looking for, was indeed 235.

To use this mnemonic device permanently, you should create your own set of images for numbers.

For example, you need to remember that Columbus discovered America in 1492. Suppose that in your personal set, the number 1 resembles a two-meter iron scrap, 4 - a children's slide, 9 - an elephant with a trunk, 2 - well, let it be the same swan (or goose). Then, to remember the date, you mentally draw a video: Columbus (in a luxurious hat with a feather, for reliability), holding a two-meter crowbar in his hand, slides down a children's slide and hits the elephant's trunk, which was peacefully talking with a goose; and they all shout in chorus: "America is open!"

The more pointless and ridiculously funny the video is, the better it will be remembered.

Now, at the word "Columbus", you will involuntarily reproduce in your mind this little movie by reading the date encoded in it.

Reception "Roman room", or the Method of Cicero. The technical essence of the method is the same: to memorize any abstract sequence of words or concepts, you create your own video in your imagination, in which all concepts are encoded.

The situation when three days before the exam you need to learn a large amount of material is familiar to many. We will tell you how to develop memory and assimilate the necessary information within a short period of time. It doesn’t matter if you have to take the exam, GIA or traffic rules.

Proper organization of the process

From how well you plan the process of preparing for the exam, its result directly depends. Therefore, approach this issue systematically:

if during the semester you rarely attended lectures and did not consider it necessary to make up for what was missed, then two or three days to master the material will not be enough. Start preparing for the exam at least a week in advance, then you will have a chance to remember most of what you read;

Set up a ticketing schedule and stick to it. Divide the number of exam questions equally by the number of days left until the test, and learn the daily norm without putting off until tomorrow. Otherwise, on the last day before the exam, you will have a hard time. Agree, there is a difference - to learn 25 or 50 questions a day, because the memory of an ordinary person has its limits;

set aside time intervals for preparation from 7.00 to 12.00 and from 14.00 to 17.00. During these hours, our brain is highly active, and it is able to easily absorb and quickly memorize material. Take a 10 minute break every 40 minutes. Walk around the apartment, warm up, go out into the yard - disperse the blood that has stagnated while sitting and feed the brain with the oxygen it needs so much;

do not be distracted by watching TV, or computer games, or telephone conversations. Do not even think about checking social networks to find out how your friends are doing - postpone communication until the evening when the daily ticket rate is over;

take breaks for breakfast and lunch. Remember: the brain needs food, otherwise its efficiency will decrease significantly, and memory will deteriorate. Although they say that glucose stimulates the brain, do not go to extremes by eating an incredible amount of candy. Better eat a bar of dark chocolate - it has much more benefits;

do not stay up at the computer until late at night. Remember: in the morning the head must be fresh, otherwise all attempts to assimilate the material will go to waste.

You may have to limit communication with friends and stop going to nightclubs for the duration of the session. In our opinion, this is a small price to pay for a good grade in the test book. And you can catch up by hanging out with friends at parties after the exam.

Techniques for quick assimilation of material

Alas, not all of us are endowed with the ability to quickly memorize large amounts of material, and therefore, we think, everyone is interested in how to develop memory. Mnemonics can help with this - a technique that facilitates memorization. Here are a few tips that may come in handy while preparing for the exam.

Do not cram the material, but try to understand, then it will be easier to reproduce what you read. Mechanical memory is ineffective.
Divide large texts into parts and learn gradually. The assimilation of small passages is much easier, because it does not overload the untrained memory.
If you need to memorize several materials, start with a larger one. The same applies to exam questions: while you are not tired yet, learn more complex ones, and leave simple ones “for a snack”.
Learned should be repeated. After reading the topic, make a mental plan for the answer and briefly retell what you have learned. The rule "Repetition is the mother of learning" has not been canceled, only the teaching must be conscious - see point 1.
Retell what you read to your family. When we voice and explain to someone what we previously said mentally, knowledge is systematized and deposited in memory, so it will not be difficult to extract them to the surface during the exam.
Write cheat sheets. Not so much to use them, but to better remember. It has been proven that information that has been read and written down is remembered much better.
Starting to prepare just a day before the test, you greatly reduce your chances of getting a good grade. However, there is still a chance of a successful outcome. Read the material "diagonally" - visual memory will catch the main thing, and during the exam you will be able to fish out the necessary thesis from the back streets of the brain and reveal the topic.

Good luck!

Take it, tell your friends!

Video instruction: how to learn traffic rules quickly and easily

Accordingly, it is the most responsible way to treat the study, as well as maintaining knowledge of the rules of the road traffic - your safety and the safety of other drivers (and passengers) who are next to you on the road depend on this.

If you are an experienced driver, then it is worth refreshing your knowledge in about six months or a year.

Be sure to take the latest edition of the rules, with all the changes made. Remember that by taking a book with traffic rules of 2012 in 2014, you run the risk of missing some important changes made over these two years, respectively, giving the staff of the staff and the cap a chance to stop you for, for example, driving with the headlights off outside the city line in the autumn-winter stage.

It is definitely worth restoring your knowledge of traffic rules after a long interval in driving practice - the human brain is designed to throw out of memory those parts of information that are not used, so be sure that you managed to forget many of the nuances during this time.

When a new edition of the rules is released, you should not try to read them in one day. Buy a printed edition and read in the evening for 10-20 points. Thus, knowledge will be better deposited in your memory. Always have a copy of the rules in your car - when you are waiting for someone, do not waste time, you can spend these minutes reading the document.

The fact is that many people have very well-developed imaginative thinking, so it will be much easier to memorize, looking at the pictures illustrating the situations described.

How to quickly learn traffic rules tickets

Do not try to learn all the traffic rules at once: distribute the entire volume into equal parts and learn a little every day

In addition to maintaining knowledge, there is another situation - when you need to learn the rules "from scratch", and even in a short period of time. Naturally, the case of preparing for a test for obtaining a driver's license is described. It’s worth mentioning right away that, in this case, it will be best to teach the rules on tickets approved by the state traffic inspectorate (again, make sure that you have the latest edition on hand).

The most effective method to learn them in 1 day is to solve these same tickets on a computer. The Internet is replete with a large number of programs for preparing for exams (including those that literally repeat one by one those used by the traffic police). You just download such a program and run the "test" over and over again, completely passing all the tickets. After 4-5 such iterations, you will notice that the number of errors is steadily falling.

As a result, by the evening you will literally know all the tickets by heart, and when you come to the exam the next day, you can easily answer everything (moreover, in a much shorter time interval than the one given for providing answers). Using this method, it is relatively easy to learn tickets in one day.

The most effective method to learn traffic rules in 1 day is to solve these same tickets on a computer online

There is also a downside - you will just as easily and quickly forget everything that you have learned. Accordingly, after passing the exam, try to calmly, without “boiling water”, read all the rules of the road, understand incomprehensible situations, and also remember all the main points.

In the event that more than one day, but at least a week remains before the test, try to take the study of traffic rules responsibly - then learn to eat not the correct answers to the tickets, but the rules themselves. Here are some tips for better memorization:

And most importantly - the rules must not only be known, they must be followed. Respect for each other on the road, as well as the knowledge and implementation of traffic rules by citizens are an integral sign of a developed state, and this is what we all strive for.

Each person periodically faces the need to learn material of various content and volume. This is easy for some, but the vast majority of people face difficulties, not knowing how to quickly memorize a given amount of text.

The work of the human brain has not yet been 100% studied, we only know that we use a small part of the brain's abilities. The psychological processes that take place in the human mind are amenable to daily training. Memory and other mechanisms of consciousness can be developed to unprecedented heights. A strong memory will make it possible to achieve success in any area of human life, it will be needed in "everyday" life, study, it will easily increase intellectual abilities.

To learn a text, artistic or scientific content, you will need constant memory training with exercises specially designed for this. Human memory is divided into visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory and tactile. It is the ability to memorize and store any amount of information.

Each type of memory develops differently in people. It is easier for someone to memorize the text by saying it out loud, and for someone, on the contrary, it is better absorbed after visualizing what has been read. Therefore, it is important to understand which type of memory is better developed in order to use it for memorization in the future.

The same information can be learned well in several ways. There are three ways to remember the necessary material in a short time.

Method of rational memorization;

It is based on the use of logical memory. In the process of rational memorization, the semantic and logical connection of the material with life experience is fixed in the mind. With rational memorization, there is an awareness of the read text and information is easier to perceive. This method helps to remember the material by heart, trains intellectual abilities and increases knowledge.

Method of mnemotechnical memorization;

This is the most interesting of the three. It helps to remember non-semantic information, due to processing into images and associative links. Mnemotechnical memorization is based on the life experience gained, translating the text into images familiar to the mind. This method helps to remember a large amount of material that does not carry a semantic load. It can be dates, phone numbers, names, addresses. It helps fight everyday forgetfulness by increasing the possibility of rote remembering what is happening.

mechanical memory method.

This method involves memorizing the material. It is considered ineffective and difficult to train, as it can fail at any moment, “falling out” of memory. With age, the ability to rote memorization deteriorates.

memorization techniques

To quickly assimilate the text, different memorization methods are used. One of the most effective methods of thoughtful reading. It is well suited for memorizing large and small volumes. This method is used by actors who, like no one else, need to know how to quickly memorize a text.

First, slowly and carefully read the text that needs to be remembered. Better to read it aloud. When reading, it is necessary to understand the main idea of the text, its main plot, so that you can remember it faster.
If the amount of material is large, we break it into semantic parts. Each part must be learned separately, finding in them the main words or phrases in meaning. This will help in the future, restore all the text in order.
After that, you need to rewrite the entire text, manually. This should be done slowly, delving into the essence of what is written.
After everything is rewritten, we retell what we remember. You need to remember the smallest details, based on keywords. If you can’t remember some moment, it’s better not to peep into the records, but try to do it yourself. You can only watch in case of emergency.
Further, we rewrite for the second time only what we remembered without prompting.
At the last stage, we carefully reread the text again and retell it. It's best to do this before bed.

This memorization method is suitable for learning text verbatim. It will help students, pupils of the school and everyone who needs to know how to learn a large amount of information in a short time. Theater and film actors use this method to remember their roles.

Tricks for quick memorization

There are some more simple but very effective tricks for memorizing the entire text, based on the nuances of how our brain works. For this you need:

Highlight the main points in the text with a bright marker;

This will allow you not to be distracted by the extra part of the text. Actors thus highlight their phrases in the script.

Sing words or text;

This is a non-standard memorization method. Having sung the material, he will better get into memory and it can be remembered faster.

You need to read until the meaning becomes completely clear;

It is very important to feel the feelings and emotions, if it is fiction, that the characters experience.

After reading, ask yourself questions about the content;
Read aloud with expression;
Write the text with the other hand;

If you are left-handed, write with your right, if you are right-handed, write with your left. This tricky way will make the brain spend more effort on analyzing all the written material.

Find a training partner;

Actors rehearse in pairs, it helps in the work. You can also ask a friend to test you on the knowledge of all the material. In a company, learning by heart is more interesting and much easier.

Record the text on the voice recorder;

Record the text on a recording device and listen to it during the day, while doing ordinary activities or during a trip. This will help you memorize a voluminous text without being distracted from other things and without wasting extra time.

Memory needs to be constantly trained. Remembering information consists of encoding it and sending it to a special part of the brain for further storage. If information is needed, it is easy to remember. When it is not used for a long time, the brain will remove it as unnecessary. Forgetting is inherent in a person, it happens after a certain time. This is a natural mechanism of the brain and it helps not to overload the brain with unnecessary information, and if it is not used, it disappears from memory over time.

We are all different, so our strategies for preparing for the exam will be different. Start from your individual characteristics. If you are auditory, read textbooks and notes aloud, if you are kinesthetic, write according to your notes and plan your answer.

Another effective method is the mind map. This is a great way to structure information, refresh knowledge and quickly get to the heart of the subject even after a long time. We talked about how to make mental maps and how to work with them in more detail.

What questions to learn first? If during the semester you have a good understanding of the subject, proceed to the questions about which you have at least some idea.

If each new block cannot be understood without the previous one, then there is only one option: learn everything strictly in order.

It also makes sense to start with difficult questions, allocating enough time to study them. It's best to deal with them before you get tired and lose focus. Save the easy questions for later.

And be consistent. Stick to the chosen strategy, even if you start to panic with the approach of the exam.

Seek understanding, not memorization

Delve into the ticket, and do not try to memorize it. Memorization is a deliberately losing strategy, which also takes more time. Find logical connections in questions, invent associations.

Of course, in each subject there is information that you need to know by heart: dates, formulas, definitions. But even they are easier to remember if you understand the logic.

Do not tell the material in your own words, speculate so that the answer is more detailed.

Method "3-4-5"

A good method when you need to prepare for an exam in a short period of time. It will only take three days, but there is a lot of work to be done. Every day you need to work through all the material, but at a different level, constantly deepening.

On the first day, you read your entire abstract or training manual so that knowledge on the subject, roughly speaking, gets involved. We conditionally believe that you can already pass the exam for a triple.

On the second day, you deal with the same questions, but already from the textbook, in order to learn more details and subtleties. If you prepare diligently, you can already count on the four.

On the last day, you bring your answers to the ideal: repeat, fill in the gaps, remember. After the third day, you are ready to pass the exam with excellent marks.

Two days to study, one to review

The system is very simple: all the material must be divided into two identical parts and learned in two days. The third day is entirely devoted to repetition.

Set a time limit

You can delve into each topic indefinitely, so do not try to remember all the subtleties. From a large chapter in the textbook, highlight the main thoughts: structured material of a small volume is easier to perceive.

In we divided all the tickets between classmates and each prepared a short summary of his part. If your group does not develop mutual assistance, you can ask for materials and cheat sheets from senior students.

Don't get stuck

If you feel like you're sitting on one question for too long, skip it. The best motivator when preparing is a timer. Decide how much time you can spend on one ticket, such as 30 minutes, and when the time expires, move on to the next one. Set aside a few hours before the exam to deal with missed questions.

Make a ticket response plan

Any, even the most extensive question can be described in a few words. Moreover, each thesis should evoke associations.

Such a plan can be quickly reviewed before the exam to tune in to the working mood. There is a well-known method of three sentences: write out for each question a problem, a main idea and a conclusion.

Study depends on the subject

Not only you have individual characteristics, but also the subject under study. For example, the exact sciences - physics - require practice. For the humanities, it is important to be able to process large amounts of information, remember dates, names, definitions.

But, I repeat, the study of any subject must be approached actively: to delve into the issue and strive for understanding.

The format of the exam is also important. If you are preparing for an oral exam, say your future answers out loud. My favorite tactic is to retell the material to someone at home or, when they are not enthusiastic, to myself in front of a mirror. Even better, if someone will not only listen to you, but also ask questions when something is not clear.

If you are preparing for testing, it is worth solving a dozen standard tests, writing out your mistakes, repeating problematic topics and solving everything again.

If the exam is written, you need to think over the structure of the answer in advance.

Prepare for two or three

Write down the most difficult, in your opinion, topics - the collective mind will help you deal with them faster. It is better to cooperate with classmates who are determined to study, otherwise the preparation for the exam can turn into an ordinary pleasant meeting with friendly conversations.

No, this does not mean that joking and relaxing is forbidden. Just remember the main purpose of the meeting.

Viktor Kiryanov/Unsplash.com

Take breaks. This will help you relax and sort out new information.
Turn off your phone, stay away from social media, stay away from the TV. If you can't resist the temptation, read up on dealing with distractions.
Get enough sleep.
Do not forget about food: it will give extra strength to your body. However, you shouldn't overeat. Usually, after an overly heavy lunch, he begins to sleep, and he doesn’t want to study at all.
Avoid negativity from other people. The atmosphere during classes should be as favorable as possible.
Don't rely too much on cheat sheets and cheating. And if you don’t know how to write off well (you must agree, you also need to be able to do this), you shouldn’t even start.
Arrange a place for classes: bright, comfortable, with all the necessary materials at hand. The bed is not the best option: there is a high probability of falling asleep on a boring topic.
Make bulleted lists: they are easier to remember.
Sports will help to relax and stretch the muscles that have become stiff during prolonged sitting. In addition, while running, cycling, or similar physical activity, you can slowly reflect on complex issues.
If you feel that you are not in the mood to study, start with the topic that seems most interesting to you. This will help you get on track.
Walk in the evening. During preparation, the nerves are usually on edge, so you need to relax a little.
Make a clear preparation plan.

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