(According to the Simeon Chronicle)

There were 6 brave men in the regiment of Grand Duke Alexander, who bravely fought with him. The first - Gavrilo Alekseevich, ran into the ship and, seeing the prince, quickly rushed off and drove along the gangway to the ship itself, and the Swedes ran in front of the ship, but turning around again, threw him along with his horse from the gangway into the sea. By God's intercession, he came out unharmed and, attacking again, fiercely fought with the governor himself in the middle of their regiment, and here were the governor of the Swedes, Spiridon, and their bishop. The second Novgorodian, named Sbyslav Yakunovich, attacking many times, fought with one ax, having no fear in his heart, and several people fell from his hand, and marveled at his strength and courage.

The third, Yakov Polochanin, who was the prince's huntsman, attacked the regiment with a sword and fought desperately, and the Grand Duke praised him. The fourth Novgorodian, named Misha, attacked on foot with his retinue and destroyed 3 ships of the Swedes. The fifth of the squad, someone named Sava, attacked the great golden-domed tent, cut down its pillar, the tent fell, and the regiments of Alexandrov, seeing the fall of the tent, rejoiced. The sixth of [Alexander's] servants, named Ratmir, fought on foot, was surrounded by many Swedes, fell from many wounds and died.

I heard all this from my master Grand Duke Alexander and from others who at that time took part in the battle ...

The survivors [of the Swedes] fled shamed, and filled 3 ships with the corpses of their great commanders and [ships] sank into the sea with them, and dug holes for the rest and threw a large number of corpses into them, and many others [Swedes] were wounded and ran that night. Novgorodians also fell: Konstantin Lugotinich, Yuryata Pinyashinich, Namest Drochilo, Nezdilov, the son of Kozhevnik, and in total 20 men fell along with the Ladoga residents. The Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich returned with a great victory and came to Novgorod.

Reader on the history of the USSR. Ed. IN AND. Lebedev. T.1. M., 1949. P. 162.

Battle on the Ice

(According to the Simeon Chronicle)

And he went with his brother Andrei and with the Novgorodians and Suzdalians to the German land with great strength, so that the Germans would not boast, saying: "We will humiliate the Slovenian language." Already the city of Pskov was taken, and their [German] tiuns were planted in the city. The Grand Duke Alexander occupied all the roads to Pskov and suddenly took the city, and captured the Germans and the Chud and the German governors, and sent him in chains to Novgorod, and freed the city of Pskov from captivity, and. he fought on the German land in the fire, and took many prisoners, and killed others. They gathered, saying with pride: "Let's go to Alexander and, having won, we will take him prisoner." When the Germans approached, then the guards of the Grand Duke Alexander were surprised at the strength of the Germans and were horrified ... The great prince Alexander, having prayed in the Church of the Holy Trinity, went to the German land, wanting to avenge Christian blood.

It was winter at that time, and [Alexander] disbanded all his regiments for booty as soon as they came to the German land, and Domash Tverdislavich and Kerbet were on the raid; and then they killed Domash, the brother of the posadnik, a good husband, and many others were killed with him, and others were taken prisoner, while others ran to the Grand Duke in the regiments. Hearing of this, the master went against them with all his bishops and with all the multitude of their people and their strength, whatever was in their area, along with royal help; and went down to the lake called Chudskoe. Grand Duke Alexander stepped back. The Germans also went after him. The great prince set up an army on Lake Peipus on Uzmen near the Raven stone and, having strengthened himself with the strength of the cross and prepared for battle, went against them. [The troops] converged on Lake Peipus; there were plenty of those and others. And his brother Andrey was also here with Alexander, with many soldiers of his father, and Alexander had many brave, strong and strong, and all were filled with a warlike spirit, and their hearts were like lions. And they said: "Prince, now the time has come to lay down their heads for you"...

It was then a Sabbath day, and at sunrise the two armies came together. Both the Germans and the Chud made their way through the regiments like a wedge. And there was an evil and great slaughter for the Germans and the Chud, and there was a crash from breaking mines and a sound from the blows of swords, so that the ice on the frozen lake broke and the ice was not visible, because it was covered with blood. And I myself heard about it from an eyewitness who was then there. And the enemies turned to flight and drove them with a fight, as if through the air, and there was nowhere for them to escape; and they beat them 7 miles across the ice to the Subolitsa coast, and 500 Germans fell, and countless miracles, and captured 50 of the best German governors and brought them to Novgorod, and other Germans drowned in the lake, because it was spring, while others fled seriously wounded. This fight took place on April 5th.

Reader on the history of the USSR. Ed. IN AND. Lebedev. T.1. M., 1949. P. 163.

“About our Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich, smart, meek, wise, brave, namesake Tsar Alexander the Great, similar to the strong and brave Tsar Achilles.

Let's talk about his courage and life about our Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God.

How can I, thin, sinful and unworthy, begin a description of the life of Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich, grandson of Vsevolod!? But after all, I heard from my fathers and myself was a witness of his life and I am glad to tell about his holy, honest and glorious life. The tributary says: wisdom will not enter the soul of a wicked one;

But although I am rude in mind, however, through the prayer of the holy lady of the Mother of God and the haste of St. Prince Alexander Yaroslavich I will lay the foundation. This prince was born from a pious, poor-loving and meek father - from the Grand Duke Yaroslav and from the pious mother Theodosius. So the prophet Isaiah says: thus says the Lord: I make princes, they are sacred; I truly drive.

Truly, his reign was accomplished by God's will, and God's blessing rested on him.

He was taller than other people; his voice (thundered) like a trumpet in the midst of the people. His face was like the beautiful Joseph, whom the Egyptian king appointed as the second (in his own right) king over Egypt. His strength is half of Samson's strength. God endowed him with the courage of the Roman king Vespasian, the son (successor!) of Nero, who conquered the land of Judea. When Vespasian wanted to attack the city of Jotapata, the citizens, taking up arms, went out and defeated his regiments, so that he was left alone (before the enemies). Having driven the enemies to the gates and taken the city, he reproachfully laughed at his squad: "You left me alone!!" So Prince Alexander Yaroslavich, defeating others, himself remained invincible.

About the visit of Alexander by the Livonian master Andrey Velven. Swedish attack

“Someone from the Western countries, from among those who call themselves “God’s servants”, by the name Andreyash, went to see Alexander (“although to see his marvelous age”), just as once the queen of the South came to King Solomon, wanting to hear him wisdom. So this Andreyash, seeing Alexander Yaroslavich and returning to his own, said: "I have passed through many countries and peoples, but I have not seen anything like this either among kings or between princes." And then the king of the Roman region, from the midnight country, heard about such courage of Prince Alexander Yaroslavich, and said: "I will go and captivate the land of Alexandrov." And he gathered a great force and filled many ships with his regiments. With great strength he appeared, flaming with the spirit of war!

Entering the Neva River and standing at the mouth of the Izhora, he, staggering like a madman, wanted first to take Ladoga, and then de "I will take both Novgorod and the entire Novgorod region." Puffed up with pride, he sent ambassadors to Novgorod to the Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich with such speeches: "If only you can resist ... so I'm already here and captivate your land"!

Hearing these words, Prince Alexander Yaroslavich flared up in his heart ... Arriving at the Church of St. Sophia, he fell on his knees before the altar and began to pray with tears: God of praise, God of righteousness, God great and mighty, God eternal, who created heaven and earth, appointed limits to the peoples and commanded everyone to live, not going into foreign lands! (and further in the words of the psalmist): "Judge, Lord, those who offend me and rebuke those who fight with me, take up arms and a shield and rise up to help me!" Having finished his prayer, he stood up and bowed to the archbishop. The archbishop blessed him and released him in peace.

The Grand Duke left the church, wiping away his tears, and began to encourage his regiments:

Not in the power of God, but in truth! Let us remember the words of the psalmist David: these are on chariots, and these are on horses: but we will call on the name of the Lord our God. Tii sleep bysha and padosha.

And he went to the enemies in the fury of his courage, with a small number of troops. Trusting in the Holy Trinity, he did not even wait until large troops gathered.

It was pitiful to hear that his father, honest Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich, did not even know about such an attack on his dear son, Grand Duke Alexander: he did not have time to send a message to his father, because the enemies were already approaching. And not many Novgorodians gathered, because the Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich hastened to oppose the enemies. And he came to them on Sunday - the day dedicated to the memory of the holy fathers who were at the cathedral in Chalcedon, Saints Kirik and Julitta and the holy Grand Duke Vladimir, who baptized the Russian land and was named St. baptism by Basil.

About Pelgusia the Izhorian. Neva victory

“There was one man named Pelgusy, the elder of the land of Izhora. He was instructed to watch the guards at sea. He received holy baptism with the name of Philip and lived among his fellow tribesmen, who remained in paganism, pleasing to God, abstaining from food on Wednesdays and Fridays. Therefore, God vouchsafed him a terrible vision, which we will talk about briefly. Pelgusius had great faith and hope in Sts. Martyrs Boris and Gleb. Seeing the enemies, he went to the Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich to tell him about the strength of the Varangians and the location of their camp. He happened to stand on the edge of the sea and watch both ways. He spent the whole night without sleep. At sunrise, he heard a terrible noise on the sea - and now he sees the approaching nasad. In the middle of the plantation stood the holy martyrs Boris and Gleb in scarlet robes; their hands lay on each other's shoulders; the oarsmen in the bow were dressed as if in darkness. And Boris said: "Brother Gleb, let us row, let us help our relative, Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich." Pelgusius, seeing the vision and hearing such speeches of the holy martyrs Boris and Gleb, trembled in horror and stood motionless until the nasad was hidden from his eyes. Then he hurried to his own, and then the Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich met him. With joy (“joyful eyes”) he saw the prince in his eyes and told him alone about what he had seen and heard. The Grand Duke answered him: "Don't tell anyone about this, friend." Then the prince rushed to the enemies, at the sixth hour of the day, and there was an evil slaughter with the Romans. And he beat countless Romans, and "impressed" the king himself with his sharp sword."

About six brave men

“Here appeared in the regiment of Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich six brave men who had strong courage with the prince. The first, named Gavrilo Oleksich, ran over the auger and, seeing that they were carrying the prince by the arms, rode up to the ship itself along the same plank on which they had descended. And the enemies ran into the ship in front of him and, turning around, threw him off the board along with his horse into the sea, but by the will of God he came out unharmed (out of the water). And again he rushed to the ship and entered into battle, surrounded by enemies, with the governor himself. And then their governor and their bishop were killed by him. Another Novgorodian, Sbyslav Yakunovich, having no fear in his heart, rushed at the enemies many times and fought with one ax. Many enemies fell under the blows of his ax, so that everyone marveled at his strength and courage. The third Yakov Polochanin, the hunter of the prince, struck the enemy regiment with a sword in his hand and struck down the enemies with such courage that the prince himself praised him. The fourth Novgorodian, named Misha, with a squad of comrades-in-arms, rushed on foot (to the sea) and sank three ships of the Romans. The fifth was one of the junior warriors, named Sava. He ran into a large golden-domed tent (of the king) and cut off a pillar from it. The tent fell, and the regiments of Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich, seeing the fall of the tent, rejoiced. The sixth was Alexandrov's servant Ratmir. He fought on foot, and many Romans surrounded him. He died, covered in wounds. I heard all this from my master, Prince Alexander Yaroslavich, and from others who took part in that battle. And then there was a wondrous miracle, just as in ancient days under King Hezekiah. When Sennacherib, the king of Assyria, approached Jerusalem with the intention of taking the holy city, an angel of the Lord suddenly appeared and beat 185,000 Assyrian troops. The next morning they found many corpses of dead enemies. So it happened with the victory over the king of the Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich. On the other side of the Izhora River, where the regiments of Alexander Yaroslavich could not have been, they found a great many beaten by the angels of God - many corpses lay ... The survivors fled in disgrace. Three ships were filled with corpses and all sank. For others, pits were dug, and innumerable multitudes were thrown into them. A lot was hurt. Everyone fled that night. Of the Novgorodians then fell: Konstantin Lugoshinich, Yurya Tapishchanich, Drochilo Nezdilov, the son of Kozhevnikov, and in total 20 men with the Ladoga residents, and maybe less - then God knows!

Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich and the Novgorodians returned with a great victory to Novgorod, being all saved by God and St. Sophia, praising and glorifying the Holy Trinity, the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit.”

Battle on the Ice

“In the second summer after returning from the victory of Prince Alexander Yaroslavich, (the Germans) came “from the western countries” and built a city in the possessions of Alexander. Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich soon came out against them, destroyed the city to the ground, and killed them. Some he brought with him to Novgorod, while others, having pardoned, let him go: he was merciful "more than measure!" In the third year after the victory over the king, in winter, the prince went with great force to the land of the Germans so that they would not boast, saying: "We will humiliate the Slavic people!" After all, they had already taken Pskov, and planted their own tiuns there ... Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich, setting off against the enemies, caught the Germans and Chud, freed Pskov from captivity, fought and burned their land and took them captive without a number, and beat others. Then the arrogant enemies gathered and decided: "Let's go, let's destroy the Grand Duke Alexander and take him with our own hands!" As they approached, the guards of the Grand Duke Alexander were amazed to see the strength of the Germans. Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich bowed to the Holy Trinity and went to the German land to avenge Christian blood... Having learned about this, the master opposed him with all his bishops, with a multitude of people and with all the authorities, "whatever is on this side" . We came to the lake, called "Chudskoe". Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich retreated to the lake. The Germans and the Chud followed him. The Grand Duke set up his regiments on Lake Peipus, on the bench, at the Raven Rock. Having been strengthened by the power of the cross and filled up, he went to the enemies. On both sides there were a great multitude of warriors. Father Grand Duke Yaroslav Vsevolodovich sent the son of his younger brother Andrei with a large army. The Grand Duke Alexander himself had many brave husbands, just as King David had strong and strong men. So the troops of Grand Duke Alexander were ablaze with the spirit of war. Their hearts were like those of lions ... "O our honest and precious prince," they said, "the hour has come for us to lay down our heads for you!" The Grand Duke, raising his hands to the sky, exclaimed: "Judge, God, and judge the dispute with this arrogant people! Help me, Lord, as once Moses against Amalek and my great-grandfather, Grand Duke Yaroslav against Svyatopolk the accursed!"

The day was Saturday. The sun appeared ... And both troops converged. The Germans and Chud made their way like a pig through the Russian regiments. A great and evil slaughter began: a crack from breaking spears, a clatter from blows with swords - it was as if a frozen lake stirred ... The ice was not visible - everything was covered in blood ... And this is what I heard from an eyewitness. "I saw," he told me, "God's army in the air, which came to the aid of Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich." The Russians won the victory by the power of God and the help of St. Sophia and the Holy Martyrs Boris and Gleb. And the enemies turned their “splash their own”, and the Russian soldiers flogged them, pursuing them as if through the air, and there was nowhere for them to hide ... They beat them on the ice for seven miles to the Subolichsky coast ... So God glorified Grand Duke Alexander before with all the regiments, like Joshua near Jericho ... The Germans boasted: "we will take the Grand Duke Alexander with our own hands" ... And God delivered them into his hands, and there was no equal enemy in battle ... After the glorious victory, the great Prince Alexander returned to Pskov. There were many prisoners; his warriors beside their horses led those who are called knights. When Grand Duke Alexander approached Pskov, he was met in front of the city by abbots and priests with crosses in robes and a multitude of people. And they sang the glory of the Lord and Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich: "Lord, having helped the meek David to defeat the foreigners, You also helped the faithful prince of our godfather to free Isks from foreigners and foreigners, (delivered us) by the hand of the Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich"! ..

O non-veglas Pskovites, if you forget this and until the great-grandchildren of Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich (you will not remember his good deeds), you will become like the Jews, whom the Lord nourished in the desert with "baked crusts!" They forgot all the good deeds of their God, who brought them "out of the work of Egypt" through Moses! Here's what I'll tell you: if someone from his family comes to you later or comes to live with you in sorrow, and you don't accept and honor him - be your name "second Jews"!

And the name of the Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich became glorious in all countries - from the Varangian Sea to the Pontic and Khupozh seas, to the Tiberian country and to the mountains of Ararat, on the other side of the Varangian Sea and the Arabian mountains - even to the great Rome! ..

Around that time, the Lithuanians intensified and began to "dirty" in the areas of Prince Alexander. He, speaking out against them, began to beat them. During one campaign, he managed to defeat seven armies, and many of their governors were beaten, and others were taken prisoner. The servants of Prince Alexander, cursing the enemies, tied them to the tails of their horses and thus led the godless Lithuania behind them. Since that time, the Lithuanians began to fear his name ... "

Journey to Batu

“At that time, the strong king of the eastern side sent his ambassadors to the Grand Duke Alexander with the following speech: “God subdued so many nations to me - are you the only one who does not want to submit to my power? If you want to keep your land intact, come to me - and you will see honor and the glory of my kingdom!"

Upon the death of his father, Grand Duke Alexander arrived in Vladimir "heavy in strength", and his arrival was terrible! The rumor spread to the mouth of the Volga, and the wives of Moab began to frighten their children, saying to them: "Be quiet! Grand Duke Alexander is coming! .."

The Grand Duke went to the king in the horde. Bishop Kirill blessed him on his way. When he appeared to the king, Batu marveled at him and said to his nobles: "They told me the truth that there is no other prince like him!" And the king honored him with many gifts and let him go to Russia with great honor.

Captivity of Nevryuevo

“Subsequently, Tsar Batu became angry with Alexander’s younger brother, Andrei, and sent his governor Nevruy to him. Nevryuy ruined the whole land of Suzdal. After the capture of Nevryuev, Grand Duke Alexander erected churches from the ruins and filled the cities again, gathering the dispersed residents into their homes. About such prophet Isaiah says: a good prince in the country does not collect wealth, does not despise the blood of the righteous, righteously judges an orphan and a widow; a lover of mercy, not a lover of gold; good for their household; feeder to those who come from other countries and from their own country, God looks graciously on such! “So God spread the land of the Grand Duke Alexander and increased his wealth and glory and extended his age.”

Embassy from the Pope

“Once the pope sent ambassadors from great Rome to the Grand Duke Alexander. The envoys said to the prince: “Thus says the pope: we heard about you that you are a glorious and marvelous prince, and your land is great. Therefore, we sent two of the wisest of the twelve cardinals to you: Gald and Gemont, so that you listen to our teachings.” After consulting with his wise men, Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich, exclaiming loudly, said in response to them: “From Adam to the flood, from the flood to the division of peoples, from the division of peoples to Abraham, from Abraham to the passage of the Israelites through the Red Sea, from the exodus of the sons of Israel to the death of King David, from the beginning of the kingdom of Solomon to King Augustus, from the beginning of the reign of Augustus to the birth of Christ, to His suffering and resurrection, from the resurrection and ascension to heaven, to the accession of the great Constantine and to the first council and to the seventh - we all know very well but we will not accept your teaching!" The ambassadors have returned home."

The Last Feat of Saint Alexander

“Meanwhile, God extended the days of the life of Grand Duke Alexander, because he loved the rank of the church: he honored priests, metropolitans and bishops as Christ himself, and loved all Christians. Then there was a great oppression from the filthy (Tatars): they drove people, forcing them to fight along with them. The Grand Duke set out to go to the Horde to the Tsar in order to pray his people out of trouble, and he sent his younger brother Prince Yaroslav and his son Prince Dimitri on a campaign with all the regiments to Western countries. Yaroslav, together with his nephew, came out with large forces and took the strong city of Yuryev from the Germans. They returned home with great booty and great glory. Meanwhile, Grand Duke Alexander, having gone to the Horde to Tsar Berkay, spent the winter there, because the Tsar would not let him go to Russia. There in the Horde, he fell ill. When returning to his homeland, he reached Nizhny Novgorod and, after a little delay, arrived in Goroden, where his illness intensified even more.

Death of Saint Alexander

“Woe to you, poor man! How will you describe the death of your master? how will your eyes not fall out with your tears? How does your heart not break from longing? A man can leave his father, but a good master cannot be left, he would go to the grave with him, if it were possible!

Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich, deeply jealous of the Lord his God (during his life), leaving the earthly kingdom and desiring the heavenly one, took on the angelic image of monastic life, having been honored with the highest rank - the schema, on the 14th day of the month of November. That very night he passed away.

Metropolitan Kirill (who was celebrating the Liturgy) said, turning to the people: "My dear child, know that the sun of the Russian land has set!" The priests, and the deacons, and the Chernorizians, the poor and the rich, and all the people - cried out: "We are perishing!"

Meanwhile, the holy body of the prince was carried to Vladimir. Metropolitan Kirill with the rank of the church, princes and boyars, and all the people, small and large, met the body in Bogolyubovo, with candles and censers. From a multitude of people, people were exhausted, wanting to touch an honest body. Crying, sobbing and sorrow were such as had never happened - as if the earth was shaking ... In Vladimir they laid it in the Church of the Nativity of the Holy Mother of God, on November 23rd, in memory of St. Amphilochia. And it was then a marvelous miracle, worthy of memory. At the end of the funeral service for the honorable body of Metropolitan Kirill, Sevastian proceeded to the coffin and wanted to straighten the hand of the deceased in order to put in a spiritual letter; then the deceased himself, as if alive, stretched out his hand and took the letter from the metropolitan's hand. Great fear seized everyone, so they retreated from the crayfish. Metropolitan Kirill himself and his steward Sevastian told everyone about this. Who, brethren, hearing about this, will not marvel at the miracle that took place from a lifeless body brought from a distant place in the winter?! So God glorified His saint, who worked hard, laying down his life for the Russian land, for Novgorod, for Pskov, for all the great reign and for the Orthodox faith. (See review of sources.)

Notes

Wise. Solom. 1, 4. Proverbs. VIII, 2, 3.

Is. XIII. 3.

[Ruler of Sweden Birger]; having heard about the courage of Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich, he decided to defeat him or take him prisoner and capture Veliky Novgorod and. to convert its suburbs and Slavic people into captivity. And he said: "I will go and conquer all the land of Alexandrov."

The king gathered a great force, his chiefs and bishops, and Swedes, and Norwegians, and sum, eat, and filled the ships with many of their regiments and moved with great force, overwhelmed by a warlike spirit, and came to the Neva River and stood at the mouth of Izhora, wishing in in his madness to seize Ladoga and even Novgorod and the entire region of Novgorod. Then the news came that the Swedes were going to Ladoga, and at the same time the king proudly sent ambassadors to the Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich in Novgorod with the words: “If you can resist me, then I am already here and will conquer your land” ...

And Alexander went to the Swedes with his courageous warriors, not with many squads, because there was no time to gather a large army. His father, Grand Duke Yaroslav Vsevolodovich, did not know about the attack on his son Alexander, there was no time to send a message to his father, because the enemies were already approaching. And many Novgorodians did not have time to gather in the army, because the Grand Duke Alexander hastened to go against the enemies.

And he came against them on Sunday July 15 (1240), and there was a great slaughter with the Swedes. Many Swedes were beaten, and Alexander himself inflicted a wound on the face of the king with his sharp sword.

About six brave men

There were 6 brave men in the regiment of Grand Duke Alexander, who bravely fought with him. The first, Gavrilo Alekseich, ran into the ship and saw the king's son and rode along the gangway to the ship itself, and everyone ran in front of him, and returning back, threw him and his horse from the gangway into the sea. By God's intercession, he came out unharmed and, attacking again, fiercely fought with the voivode himself in the middle of the regiment of the Swedes, and then the voivode of the Swedes Spiridon and their bishop were killed. The second Novgorodian, named Sbyslav Yakunovich, attacked many times, fought with one ax, having no fear in his heart, and several people fell from his hand, and everyone marveled at his strength and courage.

The third, Yakov Polochanin, who was the hunter of the prince [Alexander], attacked the regiment with a sword, fought fiercely, and the Grand Duke praised him. The fourth Novgorodian, named Misha, attacked on foot with his retinue and destroyed 3 ships of the Swedes. The fifth “of the young people, someone named Sava, having attacked the great golden-domed tent, cut down its pillar, the tent fell, and the regiments of Alexander, seeing the fall of the tent, rejoiced. The sixth, one of Alexander’s servants, named Ratmir, fought on foot, was surrounded by many Swedes, fell from many wounds and died.

All this I heard from my lord, Grand Duke Alexander, and from others who at that time took part in the battle.

The surviving Swedes fled shamed, and filled 3 ships with the corpses of their killed governors, and dug pits for the rest of the dead and threw countless corpses into them. Many other Swedes were wounded and fled that night. Novgorodians also fell: Konstantin Lugotinich, Yurata Pinyashchin, Namest, Drochilo Nezdilov, the son of Kozhevnik, and in total 20 men fell along with the Ladoga residents. Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich returned with a great victory to Novgorod.

About Germans and Pskovians

In the same year, the Germans, Medvezhans, Yuryevtsy, Velyadtsy, together with Prince Yaroslav Vladimirovich, took the city of Izborsk. And the news came to Pskov that the Germans had taken Izborsk, and the whole city of Pskov went out against the Germans, and the Pskovians entered into a fight with them and fought fiercely, and there was a great slaughter between them. and many of them were killed during the flight, and others were taken prisoner.The Germans, having approached the city, set fire to the entire settlement and caused much harm: many churches and holy icons in them and all church property were burned.

The Germans devastated the villages near Pskov and stood under the city for a week, but they did not take the city and, having captured many prisoners, left. And there were Pskovites without peace. Some of the Pskovians betrayed and communicated with the Germans, whom Tverdilo Ivankovich brought with others, and began to own Pskov with the Germans, ruining the villages of Novgorod, while other Pskovians fled to Novgorod with their wives and children. In the same winter, the Germans and Chud again came from the west to the water and fought and imposed tribute on it and built a wooden fortress in Koporye, in the land of Grand Duke Alexander.

But the evil was not limited to this, the Germans took Tesovo and made a raid, killing merchants, and not having reached 30 versts to Novgorod, and in the other direction to the Duga and to the Saber, and Grand Duke Alexander then drove off to the Suzdal land, to the city of Pereyaslavl, with mother and with the princess and with her court, having quarreled with the Novgorodians.

The Novgorodians, with a petition, sent to the Grand Duke Yaroslav Vsevolodovich, asking him for his son to become a prince, and he gave them his son Andrei. The Novgorodians, having consulted, sent Vladyka Spiridon with the boyars to the Grand Duke with a petition, asking for his son, Grand Duke Alexander, as prince. And at that time, the Lithuanians, the Germans and the Chud attacked the land of Novgorod, took away all the horses and cattle along the Luga, there was nothing to plow in the villages. The great prince Yaroslav accepted the petition of the lord and the petition of the Novgorodians and gave them again his son Alexander.

In 1242, Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich came to Novgorod and immediately went with Novgorodians, Ladoga, Korela and Izherians to the city of Koporye, and destroyed the fortress to the ground, and killed the Germans themselves, and brought others with them to Novgorod, and Alexander pardoned the rest and let him go, because he was extremely merciful, and hanged the traitors of the vozhan and miracles and went to Pereyaslavl. The Germans, on the other hand, gathered from the other side and came to Pskov and defeated the Pskov regiments and planted their governors in Pskov. Hearing about this, Prince Alexander regretted the Christian blood and, without any hesitation, took his brother Andrei and the whole army with him and came to Novgorod.

Battle on the Ice

And he went with his brother Andrei and with the Novgorodians and Suzdalians to the German land with great strength, so that the Germans would not boast, saying "we will humiliate the Slovenian language."

Already the city of Pskov was taken and the German tiuns were planted in the city. The Grand Duke Alexander occupied all the paths to Pskov and suddenly took the city, and, capturing the Germans and the Chud and the German governors, imprisoned him in chains in Novgorod, and freed the city of Pskov from captivity, and fought and burned the German land and took many prisoners, and others interrupted. They gathered, saying with pride: "Let's go to Alexander and, having won, we will take him prisoner." When the Germans approached, the guards of Grand Duke Alexander were surprised at the strength of the Germans and were horrified. The great prince Alexander, having prayed in the church of the Holy Trinity, went to the German land, wanting to avenge Christian blood ... Hearing about this, the master went against them (Alexander's regiments. - Ed.) with all their bishops and with all the multitude of their people and their strength, whatever was in their area, together with royal help; and converged on the lake, called Chudskoe. Grand Duke Alexander returned back.

The Germans also went after him. The great prince set up an army on Lake Peipus on Uzmen, near the Voronya stone, and, having prepared for battle, went against them. The troops converged on Lake Peipsi; there were plenty of those and others. And his brother Andrey was also here with Alexander, with many soldiers of his father, Alexander had many brave, strong and strong, all were filled with a warlike spirit, and their hearts were like lions. And they said: "Prince, now the time has come to lay down our heads for you." It was then the Sabbath day, and at sunrise the two armies came together.

And there was an evil and great slaughter for the Germans and the Chud, and there was a crackling of breaking spears and a sound from the blows of swords, so that the ice on the frozen lake broke, and the ice was not visible, because it was covered with blood. And I myself heard about it from an eyewitness who was there.

And the Germans turned to flight, and the Russians drove them with a fight as if through air, and there was nowhere for them to escape, they beat them 7 miles across the ice to the Subolitsa coast, and 500 Germans fell, and countless monsters, and 50 of the best German commanders were taken prisoner and brought them to Novgorod, while other Germans drowned in the lake, because it was spring. Others fled badly wounded. This battle took place on April 5 (1242).

Read an excerpt from hagiographic literature.

“... This prince Alexander was born from a merciful and philanthropic father, and most of all, meek, the great prince Yaroslav and from mother Theodosia ... And he was handsome like no other, and his voice was like a trumpet among the people, his face was like the face of Joseph , whom the Egyptian king appointed the second king in Egypt, his strength was part of the strength of Samson, and God gave him the wisdom of Solomon, his courage was like that of the Roman king Vespasian, who conquered the whole land of Judea ... Hearing about such valor of Prince Alexander, the king country of Rome from the northern land thought to himself: "I will go and conquer the land of Alexandrov." And he gathered a great force, and filled many ships with his regiments, moved with a huge army, puffing with the spirit of war. And he came to the Neva, intoxicated with madness, and sent his ambassadors, puffed up, to Novgorod to Prince Alexander, saying: "If you can, defend yourself, for I am already here and ruining your land." Alexander, hearing such words, flared up in his heart, and entered the church of St. Sophia, and, falling on his knees before the altar, began to pray with tears: “Glorious God, righteous, great God, strong, righteous God, who created heaven and earth and established limits to the peoples, you commanded to live without transgressing the borders of others. And, remembering the words of the prophet, he said: "Judge, Lord, those who offend me and protect them from those who fight with me, take up arms and a shield and stand to help me." And, having finished his prayer, he stood up and bowed to the archbishop. The archbishop was then Spiridon, he blessed him and released him. The prince, leaving the church, dried up his tears and began to encourage his squad, saying: “God is not in power, but in truth. Let us remember the Songwriter, who said: "Some with weapons, and others on horses, we will call on the name of the Lord our God; they, defeated, fell, but we stood firm and stand straight." Having said this, he went to the enemies with a small squad, not waiting for his large army, but trusting in the holy trinity. ... After that, Alexander hastened to attack the enemies at the sixth hour of the day, and there was a great slaughter with the Romans, and the prince killed countless of them, and on the face of the king himself he left the mark of his sharp spear. Six brave men, like him, from Alexander's regiment showed themselves here. The first is by the name of Gavrilo Oleksich. He attacked the auger and, seeing the prince dragged by the arms, rode up to the ship along the gangway, along which they ran with the prince; those pursued by him seized Gavrila Oleksich and threw him off the gangway along with his horse. But by the grace of God, he emerged from the water unharmed, and again attacked them, and fought with the commander himself in the midst of their army. The second, named Sbyslav Yakunovich, is a Novgorodian. This one attacked their army many times and fought with one ax, having no fear in his soul; and many fell by his hand, and marveled at his strength and courage. The third - Yakov, a native of Polotsk, was a hunter with the prince. This one attacked the regiment with a sword, and the prince praised him. The fourth is a Novgorodian named Mesha. This footman with his retinue attacked the ships and sank three ships. The fifth is from the younger squad, named Sava. This one burst into a large golden-domed royal tent and cut down a tent post. The regiments of Alexandrov, seeing the fall of the tent, rejoiced ... In the second year after the return of Prince Alexander with a victory, they again came from the Western country and built a city on the land of Alexandrov. Prince Alexander soon went and destroyed their city to the ground, and hanged some of them themselves, took others with him, and, having pardoned others, let them go, for he was immensely merciful. After the victory of Alexandrov, when he defeated the king, in the third year, in winter, he went with great strength to the German land, so that they would not boast, saying: "We will conquer the Slavic people." And the city of Pskov was already taken by them and the German governors were imprisoned. He soon expelled them from Pskov and killed the Germans, but he tied up others and freed the city from the godless Germans, and fought and burned their land and took countless prisoners, and killed others. The Germans, daring, united and said: "Let's go, And we will defeat Alexander, and we will capture him." When the Germans approached, the guards found out about them. Prince Alexander prepared for battle, and they went against each other, and Lake Peipsi was covered with a multitude of both warriors. Alexander's father, Yaroslav, sent his younger brother Andrei with a large squad to help him. Yes, and Prince Alexander had many brave warriors, as in ancient times with King David, strong and steadfast. So the men of Alexander were filled with the spirit of war, because their hearts were like the hearts of lions, and exclaimed: "O our glorious prince! Now the time has come for us to lay down our heads for you." Prince Alexander raised his hands to heaven and said: "Judge me, God, judge my feud with the unrighteous people and help me, Lord, as in ancient times he helped Moses defeat Amalek and our great-grandfather Yaroslav the accursed Svyatopolk." It was then Saturday, and when the sun rose, the opponents came together. And there was a fierce slaughter, and there was a crash from breaking spears and a ringing from the blows of swords, and it seemed that the frozen lake moved, and no ice was visible, for it was covered with blood .... "

Using the text, select three correct judgments from the list provided. Write down in response the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) the events described in the text of the life took place in the XII century.

2) the city that the German knights built on the captured "land of Alexandrova" was called Koporye

3) for services to Novgorod, the boyars proclaimed Prince Alexander Yaroslavich the Prince of Novgorod "for all time"

4) in the battle on the Neva River, the army of Prince Alexander Yaroslavich fought with the army of the Danes

5) one of the military deeds of Prince Alexander Yaroslavich described in the life was the victory over the Germans on the ice of Lake Peipsi

6) a squad from the Vladimir-Suzdal Principality took part in the battle against the German knights

Explanation.

1) the events described in the text of the life took place in the XII century. - NO, not true, the events date back to the 13th century.

2) the city that the German knights built on the captured "land of Alexander" was called Koporye - YES, that's right, the German knights built the Koporye fortress.

3) for services to Novgorod, the boyars proclaimed Prince Alexander Yaroslavich the Prince of Novgorod "for all time" - NO, incorrectly, after the victory over the Swedes, Prince Alexander Nevsky left Novgorod after a quarrel with the Novgorodians.

4) in the battle on the Neva River, the army of Prince Alexander Yaroslavich fought with the army of the Danes - NO, incorrectly, on the Neva River in 1240, Prince Alexander Yaroslavich defeated the Swedes.

5) one of the military deeds of Prince Alexander Yaroslavich described in his life was the victory over the Germans on the ice of Lake Peipus - YES, right, in 1242, Russian troops led by Alexander Nevsky defeated the German knights on the ice of Lake Peipus.

6) a squad from the Vladimir-Suzdal Principality took part in the battle against the German knights - YES, right.

Battle of the Neva and the Ice

In the annals, several stories about the Nevsky and Ice Battles have been preserved. These stories were. borrowed from the life (biography) Alexander Nevsky written already in the thirteenth century. one of his associates. The most complete account of the battles is placed in the "Simeon Chronicle", published in the "Complete Collection of Russian Chronicles", Volume XVIII, pp. 61-65. In the story about the Battle of Nevsky, the chronicler calls the Swedes "Romans", imitating the story about the siege of Jerusalem by Titus, known in Russia in translation from Greek,

(Old Russian texts)

Battle of the Neva

Hearing the king of the part of Rome from the midnight country such courage of the Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich, and think in yourself that he will defeat him, or with the hands of yati, and Veliky Novgorod will popple, and all their cities, and the people of Slovenia to do work for themselves, and say: “I’m going and I will take over the land of Alexandrov.” And having gathered great strength, place and biskupi yours, and Sveya, and Murmani, and Sum, and Em, and fill the ships of many of your regiments, and moving in great strength, puffing with the spirit of war, and coming to the Neva River and a hundred mouths of Izhera, staggering with their madness, although take in Ladoga, the rest of the river, and Novgorod, and the whole region of Novgorod ...

When the news came, it was like Svei was going to Ladoza, and at the same time the king sent envoys, getting angry, to the Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich in Novgorod, and the river was like this: “if you can resist me, then I am already here and I will captivate your land.”

The Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich, hearing their words, flared up in heart, and entered the church of St. Sophia and fell on his knees before the altar, and began to pray to God with tears ...

And go to them in the rage of your courage, howling not with many squads, not when you eat many howls with great power, but trusting in the Holy Trinity. His father, the Grand Duke Yaroslav Vsevolodich, did not lead such an uprising against his son Alexander, nor would he be sent to lead to his father, for the army was already approaching. In the same way, the many Novgorodians did not combine, so hasten the Grand Duke Alexander to go against the military, and come to me in a week ... And there was a great slaughter over the Romans, beaten by a multitude of many Romans and the king himself put a scourge on his face with a sharp sword.

Oh shti brave men

There are 6 brave men in the regiment of the Grand Duke Alexander, but with him strong courage. The first Gavriilo Oleksich. This is more naeha on the augers and in the form of a prince, rushing under his arms, and having ridden along the road to the very ship, along the same way, and flowing into the ship in front of him, and again turning over, overthrowing him from the board and with his horse into the sea. By God’s zastushveniem from there, he was harmless, and after hitting hard with the voivode himself in the middle of their regiment, their voivode Spiridon was killed, and their bishop was killed the same. The second is Novogorodets, named after Zbyslav Yakunovych. These same, having hoped many times, it beats with a single ax, having no fear in the heart, and it’s a little pade from his hand and marveling at his strength and courage. The third is Yakov Polochyanin, the prince's stalker. These, having run into a regiment with a sword and courageously, and praised his grand duke. The fourth is Novogorodets, named Misha. These same you go with your retinue in flight and destroy the ships of the Romans 3. The fifth of his youth was someone named Sava, and these, having run into a great golden-domed tent, cut down his pillar; the tent fell down, and Alexandrov’s army, seeing the fall of that tent, recovered. Shestga from his servants, named Ratmir. You fight these and stumbled over many Romans; he died from many wounds and tacos. These are all heard from the lord of his great prince Alexander and from others, who gained that time in that battle ...

The rest of them ran to shame, and the corpses of their dead great commanders swept three ships and drowned with them on the sea, and the rest ploughed the pit and threw them into it innumerable; and ini many sores of the former and that night ran away. Novogorodtsev is the same pade: Kostyantin Lugotinich, Yuryata Pinyashchinich, Namest Drochilo, Nezdilov son Kozhevnich, and all 20 husbands pade from Ladozhana. The Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich returned with a great victory and came to Novgorod ...

About Germans and Pskovites

The same summer, Nemtsi Medvezhane, Yuryevtsi, Velyadtsi with Prince Yaroslav Volodimerich, the city of Izboresk, was taken. And the news came to Pskov, as if the Germans had taken Izboresk, and the whole city came out against them, and made war with them, and fought hard with them, and the slaughter between them was great. The same killed Gavril Gorislavich the voevoda, and chased Pskov, and many of their chasers beat, and others with the hands of Yasha, and drove the whole settlement under the city, and there was a lot of evil, burning down many churches and holy icons in them and all the church hand; and the villages were empty near Pskov, but stood under the city for a week, but did not take the city and, full of many people, departed. And tacos besha without peace. Byahu, more than the Pskovichi, held them with the Germans, Tverdilo Ivanovich let them down with hoarfrost, and he himself often ruled Pskov with the Germans, fighting the villages of Novgorodtskaya, and the Pskchvichis ran to Novgorod with their wives and children.

The same winters came from the western countries of the Germans and Chud to Vod and fought everything, and laid tribute on them, and cut down the city in Koporye in a graveyard, in the patronymic of Grand Duke Alexander. But not that it was evil, but taking Tesovo and chasing 30 versts to Novgorod, a guest byuchi, and semo to Luga and Sabl. And the Grand Duke Alexander then departed to the land of Suzdal, to Pereyaslavl city, with matter and with the princess and with his court, having quarreled with Novogorodtsi. Novogorodtsy, with a petition, sent to the Grand Duke Yaroslav Vsevolodich, asking him for a son for themselves and to give them the son of their prince Andrei. Novogorodtsy, however, thought up and sent Vladyka Spiridon from the boyars again to the Grand Duke with a petition, asking for his son, Grand Duke Alexander. And at that time, Lithuania, Nemtsi and Chyud, went to the volost to Novogorodskaya, and all the horses and cattle were poimashed along Luga, there was nothing to yell at in the village. The great prince Yaroslav, accept the prayer of the sovereign and Novogorodtsev petition, and give them back again: his son Alexander.

In the summer of 6750, the Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich came to Novgorod and left soon from Nobogorodtsi and from Ladozhana, and from Korela and from Izheryana to the city of Koporya and the eruptive city from the base, and beat the Germans themselves, and brought others with me to Novgorod, and let go, be more merciful than measure, and send Vozhan and Chudtsu pervevetnikov and go to Pereslavl. The Germans scrambled from this side in the winter and came to Pskov, and the regiments of Pskrva defeated, and planted their governors in Pskov. Now, having heard the Grand Duke Alexander, and insulted for the blood of Christians and did not hesitate in the least, but inflamed with your spirit and zeal for the Holy Trinity and Saint Sophia, and let us drink with us our brother Andrei and all howling, our own, and go to Novgorod. ..

Battle on the Ice

And go with your brother Andrei and from Novogorodtsi and Nizovtsi to the German land in great strength, but do not boast, saying: "We will reproach the Slovenian language than ourselves." The city of Pskov has already been taken, and their tiunis have been planted in the city. The Grand Duke Alexander zaya all the way to Pskov and drive out the city, and the seizure of Nemtsi and Chyud and the German governors, and fettering the streams to Novgorod, and free the city of Pskov from captivity, and burn the German land of the war, and take a lot, and cut some . They are proudly svokupishasya, saying: "Let's go to Alexander and win him with your hands." And when they approached, then the guards of the Grand Duke Alexander appeared to the German power and were horrified ... The great prince Alexander prayed in the church of the Holy Trinity, and went to the German land, although Christian blood would be avenged. It was winter at that time, and, as if it were on their lands, let your whole regiment live, and Domash Tverdislavich and Kerbet were dispersed; and killed that one, Domasha, the brother of the posadnik, a good husband, and others were beaten a lot with him, and others with the hands of Yasha, and others resorting to the Grand Duke in the regiments. Behold, having heard the place go out against them with all their biskups, and with all the multitude of their tongue, and their power, whatever is on this side, and with the help of the queen; and descended to the lake, verb Chudskoe. Well, Prince Alexander jumped back. The Germans and Chud walked along it. The great prince set up regiments on Lake Chudskoye on Uzmen at the Voronia stone, having strengthened himself with the strength of the cross and took up arms, going against them.

Lake Chudskoe has come; there were many greats of both. Run with Alexander and his brother Andrei with many howls of his father, and Alexander had a lot of brave, strong strong, and filled with all the spirit of a warrior, behu their hearts, like a lion. Rkosha: “Prince, now is the time to lay down your heads for you” ...

Then be the Sabbath day, the rising sun, and the wallpaper will give way. And the Germans and Chud made their way through the shelves like a pig. And that slash of evil was great and great by the Germans and Chudi, and bg tsruek from the spears of breaking, and the sound from the sword slash, as if the lake would freeze to move, and it was impossible to see the ice, covered with blood. And I heard this from the seer, who then saw it there...

And dash your warriors, splash yours and chase them away, as if in the air, and don’t let them leak out; and bish them for 7 miles across the ice, to the Subolichsky coast, and pada Nemets 500, and Chyudi countless, with the hands of Yash Nemets 50 deliberate governors and brought me to Novgorod, and the rivers on the lake are istoposha, it’s already spring, and the others are evil ulcers run away. There were battles this April at 5 ...

(Translation)

Battle of the Neva

The king of the Roman region from the northern countries, having heard about the courage of Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich, decided to defeat him and take him prisoner, and conquer Veliky Novgorod and all its suburbs, and turn the Slovenian people into captivity. And he said: "I will go and subdue the whole land of Alexandrov." And he gathered a great force, his chiefs and bishops, and the Swedes and Norwegians, and bag and eat, and fill. many ships with their regiments and moved with great force, overwhelmed by a warlike spirit, and came to the Neva River and stood at the mouth of the Izhora, wishing in his madness to capture Ladoga, and even Novgorod and the entire Novgorod region.

Then the news came that the Swedes were going to Ladoga, and the king at that time proudly sent ambassadors to the Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich in Novgorod with the words: “if you can resist me, then I am already here and conquer your land.” Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich, hearing about his words, flared up in his heart and entered the Church of Hagia Sophia and fell on his knees in front of the altar and began to pray to God with tears ... And [Alexander] went to them, trusting in the Holy Trinity, with courageous soldiers their own, not with many squads, because there was no time to expect a large army. His father, Grand Duke Yaroslav Vsevolodovich, did not know about the attack on his son Alexander, who had no time to send a message to his father, because the enemies had already approached. And many Novgorodians did not have time to gather, because the Grand Duke. Alexander hastened to go against the enemies, and came upon them on Sunday. And there was a great slaughter with the Swedes, many Swedes were beaten and [Alexander] inflicted a wound in the face of the king with his sharp sword.

About six brave men

In the regiment of Grand Duke Alexander there were b brave men who fought courageously with him. The first, Gavrilo Alekseevich, ran into the ship and, seeing the prince, quickly rushed off and drove along the gangway to the ship itself, and the Swedes ran in front of him on the ship, but, turning around again, threw him, along with his horse, from the gangway into the sea. By God's intercession, he came out unharmed, and, attacking again, fiercely fought with the governor himself in the middle of their regiment, and then the governor of the Swedes, Spiridon, and their bishop were killed. The second Novgorodian, named Sbyslav Yakunovich, attacking many times, fought with one ax, having no fear in his heart, and several people fell from his hand, and marveled at his strength and courage.

The third, Yakov Polochanin, who was the prince's huntsman, attacked the regiment with a sword and fought fiercely, and the Grand Duke praised him. The fourth Novgorodian, named Misha, attacked on foot with his retinue and destroyed 3 ships of the Swedes. The fifth of the squad, someone named Sava, attacked the great golden-domed tent, cut down its pillar, the tent fell, and the regiments of Alexandrov, seeing the fall of the tent, rejoiced.

The sixth of [Alexander's] servants, named Ratmir, fought on foot, was surrounded by many Swedes, fell from many wounds and died: All this I heard from my master Grand Duke Alexander and from others who at that time took part in the battle. ..

The survivors [of the Swedes] fled shamed, and filled 3 ships with the corpses of their dead great commanders, and [the ships] sank into the sea with them, and dug pits for the rest and threw countless corpses into them, and many others [Swedes] were wounded and fled that night. Novgorodians also fell: Konstantin Lugotinich, Yuryata Pinyashchinich, Namest Drochilo, Nezdilov the son of Kozhevnik, and in total 20 men fell along with the Ladoga residents. The Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich returned with a great victory and came to Novgorod.

About Germans and Pskovians

In the same year, the Germans, Medvezhans, Yuryevtsy, Velyadtsy, together with Prince Yaroslav Vladimirovich, took the city of Izborsk. And the news came to Pskov that the Germans took Izborsk, and the whole city [Pskov] went out against the Germans, and entered into battle with them and fought fiercely with them, and there was a great slaughter between them. Here they killed Gavril Gorislavich, the voevoda, and put the Pskovites to flight, and many of them were killed during the flight, and others were taken prisoner, and having approached the city, they set fire to the entire settlement and caused a lot of evil: many churches and holy icons in them, and all church property, were burned, and the villages were devastated near Pskov. They stood under the city for a week, but they did not take the city and, having captured many prisoners, they left. And there were Pskovites without peace. [Some] Pskovians betrayed and communicated with the Germans, whom Tverdilo Ivanovich brought with others, and Tverdilo himself began to rule Pskov with the Germans, ruining the villages of Novgorod, while other Pskovians fled to Novgorod with their wives and children. In the same winter, the Germans again came from the west and the Chud to the water and conquered everything and imposed tribute on it and built a wooden fortress in the graveyard of Koporye, in the land of Grand Duke Alexander. But the evil was not limited to this, the Germans took and Tesovo and made a raid, killed the merchants and did not reach 30 miles to Novgorod, and in the other direction to Luga and Sablya. And the Grand Duke Alexander then left for the Suzdal land in the city of Pereyaslavl with his mother and the princess and with his court, having quarreled with the Novgorodians. The Novgorodians, with a petition, sent to the Grand Duke Yaroslav Vsevolodovich, asking him for his son to be a prince, and he gave them his son, Andrei, the Novgorodians, after consulting, sent Vladyka Spiridon with the boyars to the Grand Duke with a petition, asking him son of Grand Duke Alexander. And at that time, Lithuanians, Germans and Chud attacked the land of Novgorod, took away all the horses and cattle along the Luga, there was nothing to plow from the villages. The great prince Yaroslav accepted the petition of the lord and the petition of the Novgorodians and gave them again his son Alexander.

In 1242, Grand Duke Alexander Yaroslavich came to Novgorod and soon went with Novgorodians, Ladoga, Korela and Izherians to the city of Koporye and destroyed the fortress to the ground, and killed the Germans themselves, and brought others with him to Novgorod, and pardoned the rest and let them go. , because he was merciful beyond measure, and hanged the traitors of the vozhan and chuddev and went to Pereyaslavl. The Germans, on the other hand, gathered from the other side in the winter, came to Pskov and defeated the Pskov regiments and planted their governors in Pskov. Hearing about this, Grand Duke Alexander regretted the Christian blood and did not hesitate in the least, but inflamed with his spirit and devotion to the Holy Trinity and Saint Sophia, taking with him his brother Andrei and all his army, he came to Novgorod ...

Battle on the Ice

And he went with his brother Andrei and with the Novgorodians and Suzdalians to the German land with great strength, so that the Germans would not boast, saying: "We will humiliate the Slovenian language."

Already the city of Pskov was taken, and their [German] tiuns were planted in the city. Grand Duke Alexander occupied all the roads to Pskov and suddenly took the city, and captured the Germans and the Chud and the German governors. and sent him in chains to Novgorod, and freed the city of Pskov from the plates, and fought and burned the German land, and took many prisoners, and killed others. They gathered, saying with pride: “Let's go to Alexander and, having defeated, we will take him prisoner. When the Germans approached, then the guards of the Grand Duke Alexander were surprised at the strength of the Germans and were horrified ... The great prince Alexander, having prayed in the church of the Holy Trinity, went to the German land, wanting to avenge Christian blood. It was winter at that time, and [Alexander] disbanded all his regiments for booty as soon as they came to the German land, and Domash Tverdislavich and Kerbet were on the raid; and then they killed Domash, the brother of the posadnik, a good husband, and many others were killed with him, and others were taken prisoner, while others ran to the Grand Duke in the regiments. Hearing of this, the master went against them with all his bishops and with the howling multitude of their people and their strength, whatever was in their area, along with royal help; and went down to the lake called Chudskoe. Grand Duke Alexander stepped back. The Germans also went after him. The great prince set up an army on Lake Nudskoye on Uzmen near the Raven stone and, having strengthened himself with the strength of the cross and prepared for battle, went against them. [The troops] converged on Lake Peipus; there were plenty of those and others. And his brother Andrey was also here with Alexander, with many soldiers of his father, and Alexander had many brave, strong and strong, and all were filled with a warlike spirit, and their hearts were like lions. And they said: "prince, now the time has come to lay down their heads for you" ...

It was then a Sabbath day, and at sunrise the two armies came together. Both the Germans and the Chud made their way with a wedge through the shelves. And there was an evil and great slaughter for the Germans and the Chud, and there was a crash from breaking mines and a sound from the blows of swords, so that the ice on the frozen lake broke and the ice was not visible, because it was covered with blood. And I myself heard about it from an eyewitness who was then there.

And the enemies turned to flight and drove them with a fight, as if through the air, and there was nowhere for them to escape; and they beat them 7 miles across the ice to the Subolitsa coast, and 500 Germans fell, and countless miracles, and captured 50 of the best German governors and brought them to Novgorod, and other Germans drowned in the lake, because it was spring, while others fled seriously wounded. This fight took place on April 5th.