(9/11)

Healthy way of life is popular with the old and the young. What do you need to do to keep healthy?

It is widely known that life expectancy is increasing. But the reason why the average figures are higher than they used to be, say, hundred years ago is not that all people live longer than before. One reason is that, due to medical research, many illnesses were eliminated; the second one is that fewer people die in wars. Generally, the life of modern man is endangered by many factors. One is the increasing pollution of the environment by industry and transport; another one is sedentary lifestyle of people living in cities and towns, that is, the majority of the population of the planet. The third one is the quality of food we eat and water we drink which results in a lot of diseases. The fourth one is that living in big cities leads to epidemics, and even pandemics of many catchy illnesses. Unhealthy life results in the fact that many people are overweight.

The only possible way of preserving your health is, therefore, healthy way of life which includes keeping fit, balanced meals, and giving up unhealthy habits like smoking, drinking alcohol, and, of course, drugs.

Physical fitness is a general state of good physical health. For anyone who really wants to be healthy, fitness has become an integral part of their lives. The fitness boom resulted in a rise in the numbers of people participating in sports and sports activities. It is a well-known fact that even moderate physical activity can protect you from heart diseases and strokes, obesity and influenza. There are many ways of keeping fit. Firstly, you could visit health and fitness clubs. A lot of health and fitness clubs, public leisure centres, huge indoor water parks are very popular among people of all ages. Secondly, regular exercise is necessary. People of different ages can choose or design exercises that will fit them. Some people do aerobics or yoga; others prefer weight training in a gym. Many people prefer walking or jogging which are the cheapest and most accessible sports. Doing some sport or other on a regular basis is the best way of keeping fit. In Russia a number of sports activities are popular among the old and the young: football, swimming, cycling, skiing, skating, fishing, hunting, roller-skating, etc. Mass running competitions gain popularity with Russians. City marathons have become sporting events reported on the radio, television and in the press.

A healthy diet is an important part of staying healthy, too. This diet contains reduced amounts of cholesterol, fat, sugar and salt. It helps protect our body from a wide range of diseases; the most dangerous are heart diseases, liver diseases, and cancer.

To stay healthy one must, of course, abstain from smoking. Everybody knows smoking is hazardous for your health and can lead to fatal diseases like cancer. Smoking should undoubtedly be banned in all public places.

Translate the following sentences into English.
1. Средняя продолжительность жизни растет, но жизни современного человека до сих пор угрожают многие факторы, такие как нарастающее загрязнение окружающей среды, сидячий образ жизни большинства населения, качество еды и т. д.
2. Единственный способ сохранить здоровье - это здоровый образ жизни, который включает поддержание хорошей физической формы, сбалансированное питание и отказ от нездоровых привычек, таких как алкоголь, курение и наркотики.
3. Поддержание хорошей физической формы стало неотъемлемой частью жизни многих людей, так как они занимаются спортом и физкультурой.
4. Даже умеренная физическая активность может защитить от болезней сердца и инсультов, ожирения и гриппа.
5. Чтобы поддерживать хорошую физическую форму, можно посещать оздоровительные клубы, оздоровительные центры, крытые аквапарки или просто регулярно заниматься физическими упражнениями - аэробикой и йогой, тренироваться в спортивном зале, заниматься ходьбой, бегом трусцой или другими доступными видами спорта.
6. Массовые соревнования по бегу завоевывают популярность у россиян, городские марафоны стали спортивными событиями, которые освещаются на радио, телевидении и в прессе.
7. Здоровая диета содержит небольшие количества холестерина, жира, сахара и соли и защищает наше тело от большого количества заболеваний, в том числе сердечных заболеваний, заболеваний печени и рака.
8. Следует воздерживаться от курения, поскольку курение вредно для здоровья и может привести к смертельным заболеваниям.

1. Life expectancy is increasing, but the life of modern man is still endangered by many factors, such as the increasing pollution of the environment, sedative lifestyle of the majority of the population, the quality of food and so on.
2. The only possible way of preserving one"s health is healthy way of life which includes keeping fit, balanced meals and giving up unhealthy habits like drinking, smoking, and drugs.
3. Physical fitness has become an integral part of many people"s lives as they participate in sports and sports activities.
4. Even moderate physical activity can protect you from heart disease and strokes, obesity and influenza.
5. To keep fit, you may visit health and fitness clubs, public leisure centres, indoor water parks or just do regular exercise - aerobics or yoga, training in a gym, walking, jogging or other accessible sports.
6. Mass running competitions gain popularity with Russians, city marathons have become sporting events reported on radio, television and in the press.
7. A healthy diet contains reduced amounts of cholesterol, fat, sugar and salt and protects our body from a wide range of diseases, including heart diseases, liver disease and cancer.
8. You should abstain from smoking as it is hazardous for your health and can lead to fatal diseases.

Из пособия "ЕГЭ. Английский язык. Устные темы" Занина Е.Л. (2010, 272с.) - Part one. English examination topics. Forms 9/11.

Today healthy lifestyle is becoming more and more popular both with the old and the young. People have become more health-conscious. They say that the greatest wealth is health. And it’s so true. The healthier we are, the better we feel. The better we feel, the longer we live.

A healthy diet is an essential part of staying healthy. We know that we should not stuff ourselves with fast food, sweets, sausages, pastry and fat food. Due to medical research, this type of food shortens our life, it leads to obesity, heart and blood vessels diseases, diabetes, gastric problems and lots of other serious ailments. To prevent all these problems we should enjoy well-balanced home-made meals with a lot of organic fruits, vegetables, dairy products, grains and seafood. We are what we eat.

Keeping fit and going in for sports is also important for our health. Lack of exercise in our life is a serious problem. In big cities people spend hours sitting in front of computers, TV-sets and other gadgets. We walk less because we mainly use cars and public transport. We certainly don’t have to be professional sportsmen, but we should visit fitness clubs, go jogging, walk much, swim, go cycling or roller-skating or just dance. Doctors say that regular moderate physical activity is necessary for our body because it protects us from strokes and heart diseases, flue and obesity.

We must understand the harm of bad habits for our health. Smoking, drinking or taking drugs mean serious illnesses and even death from lung cancer or liver diseases, for instance. Cigarettes kill about 3 million heavy-smokers every year. Drug addicts die very young. So I think there is no place for bad habits in a healthy way of life.

Taking a proper rest and getting enough sleep, from 8 to 10 hours daily, are also great healthy habits. Sleep is the food for our brain and the rest for our muscles. Moreover we should avoid getting nervous or worried for no reason.

Healthy way of life concerns our body, mind and soul. Healthy people live longer, they are more successful and they enjoy their life. I believe that it’s not difficult at all to follow these simple rules, and they are worth it.

Перевод

Сегодня здоровый образ жизни становится все более популярным среди молодых и пожилых. Люди стали более внимательными к своему здоровью. Говорят, что здоровье - это самое большое богатство. И это чистая правда. Чем здоровее наш организм, тем лучше мы себя чувствуем. Чем лучше мы себя чувствуем, тем дольше мы живем.

Здоровая диета - важная часть здоровой жизни. Мы знаем, что мы не должны заполнять свой организм едой фаст-фуд, сладостями, колбасными и мучными изделиями, жирными продуктами. Согласно медицинским исследованиям, такая еда сокращает жизнь, ведет к ожирению, заболеваниям сердца и кровеносных сосудов, диабету, желудочным проблемам и многим другим серьезным недугам. Для того, чтобы предотвратить эти проблемы, нам следует наслаждаться сбалансированной домашней едой, богатой органическими фруктами, овощами, молочными продуктами, злаками и морепродуктами. Мы есть то, что мы едим.

Оставаться подтянутым и заниматься спортом - это тоже важный момент для нашего здоровья. Недостаток движения в нашей жизни является серьезной проблемой. В больших городах люди часами сидят перед компьютером, телевизором и другими гаджетами. Мы меньше ходим пешком, поскольку пользуемся, главным образом, автомобилями и общественным транспортом. Разумеется, мы не обязаны становиться профессиональными спортсменами, но нам нужно посещать фитнесс-клубы, заниматься бегом, много ходить, плавать, кататься на велосипеде или роликах или просто танцевать. Врачи утверждают, что регулярная умеренная физическая активность необходима для нашего тела, так как она защищает нас от сердечных заболеваний и приступов, гриппа и ожирения.

Мы обязаны понимать пагубное влияние вредных привычек на наше здоровье. Курение, алкоголизм и наркомания означают серьезные заболевания и даже смерть от рака легких или заболеваний печени, к примеру. Сигареты убивают около 3 миллионов курильщиков ежегодно. Наркоманы умирают очень молодыми. Поэтому, я считаю, что в здоровом образе жизни нет места для вредных привычек.

К здоровым привычкам также относятся хороший отдых и достаточный сон, от 8 до 10 часов ежедневно. Сон - это пища для нашего мозга и отдых для наших мышц. Более того, нам следует избегать нервничать или беспокоиться без особого повода.

Здоровый образ жизни затрагивает наше тело, ум и душу. Здоровые люди живут дольше, они более успешны и получают удовольствие от жизни. Думаю, что следовать этим простым правилам совсем несложно, и они стоят того.

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Английские слова по теме «Healthy way of life. Bad habits.» (25 слов уровня intermediate), тексты (топики) на английском языке по данной теме, а также вопросы для активизации лексики.

Английские слова по теме: «Быть в форме». Список №2 (для продолжающих)

1. healthy way of life = healthy living — здоровый образ жизни
2. un healthy way of life = un healthy living — нездоровый образ жизни
3. bad/ unhealthy habit — вредная привычка
4. take care of your health — заботиться о своем здоровье
5. get into a habit of — завести привычку
6. get rid of a bad habit — избавиться от вредной привычки
7. make it a rule — поставить за правило
8. prefer organic food — предпочитать натуральную еду
9. food with additives/ junk food/ fast food — еда с добавками, фастфуд
10. food rich in calories = fatty food — калорийная пища
11. influence our health — влиять на здоровье
12. improve health — улучшить здоровье
13. ruin health — навредить здоровью
14. do harm — причинять вред
15. skip breakfast — пропускать завтрак
16. be overweight — иметь избыточный вес
17. lose weight — похудеть
18. put on weight — поправиться
19. keep to a diet / be on diet / follow a diet — быть на диете
20. have little physical activity — мало двигаться
21. take regular exercises — регулярно заниматься упражнениями
22. live a regular life — вести правильный образ жизни
23. a late riser — тот, кто поздно встает
24. an early riser — тот, кто рано встает
25. be as fit as a fiddle — быть в добром здравии и прекрасном настроении

Texts on the topic «Healthy Way of Life»

Food we eat also influences our health . Nowadays people are very busy and they often eat in fast food restaurants as they don’t have time to cook. Fast food is unhealthy. It is very rich in calories (fatty) and has a lot of additives. This food gives a lot of energy. But if you don’t work it out (израсходовать), it becomes fat in your body. The same is with chocolates, cakes and sweets. They have much fat and sugar.

People should get rid of a habit of eating fast food and get into a havit of eating organic food such as fruit, vegetables and fish.

There are other bad habits , which can ruin our health . It is smoking, drinking alcohol and using drugs.

Text 2

Our health depends on many things: our physical activity, the food we eat and our good and bad habits. Although a lot of people are interested in staying healthy, not many people do very much about it. Modern way of life when people have little physical activity, use cars instead of walking, watch television and work on computers for many hours is quite dangerous for their health. People’s health also influences their mood.

There are many opportunities to stay healthy and be fit and one of them is going in for sports. But you needn’t be a professional sportsman. Just simple regular exercises give you energy and help you feel and look better.

Exercises that involve repeated movements such as are walking, jogging or swimming are the best. Bending and stretching which are practiced in aerobics or yoga make your body flexible and light. The cheapest and most popular sport is jogging. If you don’t have time for it, make small changes like using stairs instead of the lift or walking or cycling instead of taking the bus and it can help you to improve your health and make you a more active person.

Also it is very important to get rid of bad habits . The worst ones are smoking and drinking alcohol. Smoking doesn’t only causes heart and lung problems but also makes your teeth yellow and skin unhealthy.

Food we eat also influences our health. A lot of people like drinking Coca-Cola and coffee and enjoy pizza and hamburgers. But what is tasty is not healthy. You should avoid eating in fast food restaurants and make it a rule to cook meals at home using organic food as much as possible.

Only a healthy man can enjoy his life, work well and be happy. There are proverbs “Health is better than wealth” and “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise”.

* * *

Задание по активизации лексики по теме «Healthy Way of Life. Bad Habits»

Задание 1.

• Name bad habits. Consult the table.
  
• Which arguments against bad habits seem most convincing to you? Place them in order of importance. Consult the table.
  
• Which of the arguments will you use to convince your friends or parents not to smoke or drink to much? Use the table.

• lead to (приводить) = cause (вызывать) = result in
• take measures – принимать меры
• argument – довод, аргумент
• convince – убеждать
• affect= influence – влиять
  

Задание 2. Answer the question s :

1.Why do people care about healthy way of life nowadays?
2. How does our health depend on our lifestyle?
3. What can people do to stay healthy? What do you personally do?
4. Is sport a hobby or a part of your everyday life?
5. Is sport popular in your family? Do your parents do sports regularly?
6. Why is it important to exercise every day?
7. What bad habits do you know? Why are they dangerous?

Константинова Катя. Языковой центр Success, г. Старый Оскол, Белгородская область, Россия
Сочинение на английском языке с переводом (топик по английскому языку)

My lifestyle

I am a student of 9th form in Stary Oskol, Russia. I spend most of my time at school. Sometime school is very boring but some subjects are useful and I learn lots of new things. I enjoy geography, PE and arts. I like communicating with people and have many friends at school and out of it. In my spare time I like watching TV, listening to music, stroke and play with my cat. I also like reading books and walking with my friends. Usually we go to the bowling club, golf club, to the skating rink. All my friends love parties. One of the things I love mostly is traveling. I have been to Turkey, Egypt, Australia, Czechoslovakia. I usually travel with my family and prefer flying by plane. I think it is comfortable and fast. While the flight I admire the sky, clouds and wonderful views through the window.

I collect photos and souvenirs from all the countries I have traveled.

Next summer I am going to Britain. I would like to improve my English, to attend English schools and go sightseeing. I am planning to visit Buckingham Palace, Westminster Abbey, Tower and ride London Eye. I hope I will enjoy my travel so I am trying hard to study English and to prepare for the City & Guilds exam in December 2009.

Я ученица 9-го класса, живу в городе Старом Осколе, в России. Большую часть своего времени я провожу в школе. Иногда это скучно, но некоторые предметы полезны и я узнаю много нового. Мне нравится география, физкультура и изобразительное искусство. Я люблю общаться с людьми и у меня много друзей в школе и вне школы. В свободное время я обожаю смотреть телевизор, слушать музыку, гладить свою кошку и играть с ней. И еще я люблю читать книги и гулять с друзьями. Обычно мы ходим в боулинг, гольф клуб, на каток. Все мои друзья любят вечеринки. Больше всего на свете я люблю путешествовать. Я побывала в Турции, Египте, Австралии, Чехословакии. Обычно я путешествую со своей семьей и предпочитаю летать самолетом.Я думаю, что это удобно и быстро.Во время полета я любуюсь небом, облаками и чудесными видами из окна.

Я коллекционирую фотографии и сувениры стран, в которых я побывала.

Следующим летом я собираюсь в Великобританию. Мне бы хотелось улучшить свой английский, поучиться в английской школе и посетить известные места. Я планирую побывать в Бэкингемском дворце, Вестминстерском аббатстве, Тауэре и покататься наЛондонском Глазе. Я надеюсь мне понравится мое будущее путешествие и я усердно занимаюсь английским, чтобы подготовиться к международному экзамену City & Guilds в декабре 2009 года.

Тема: Здоровый образ жизни

People nowadays are more health-conscious than they used to be. They understand that good health is above wealth.

To be healthy we should avoid different bad habits that can affect our health. In my opinion, smoking and drinking too much alcohol are the worst ones. It"s common knowledge that smoking and drinking can shorten our lives dramatically. Smoking, for example, causes a number of heart and lung diseases such as pneumonia, cough and cancer. Besides, it makes your teeth yellow and skin unhealthy. Fortunately, in recent years smoking has received a lot of bad publicity, and fewer people smoke nowadays. Some companies don"t employ people who are smokers. Smoking has been banned in most public places, because everyone agrees it does harm to our health. As for me, I don"t smoke, because I don"t want to have unhealthy skin and teeth.

Smoking and drinking are joined by less dangerous habits such as skipping meals, eating unhealthy food or even overeating. Of course, they are not quite as deadly as smoking or drinking alcohol, but they affect our health.

If we eat too much, we"ll become obese, and obesity leads to serious diseases. A lot of people like drinking coca cola and coffee and enjoy pizzas and hamburgers. But what is tasty is not always healthy. Fast food makes you fat, that is why Americans are the fattest people in the world.

In recent years eating habits have undergone a change. People are encouraged to eat less fat and more fibre. Fat is believed to be one of the major causes of obesity and heart disease. High fibre foods and low fat foods can now be found in all shops and supermarkets. Salads, beans and fruit have taken the place of steak and ice cream. The fashion for healthy food is growing all the time.

Many people feel they are too fat, even if their doctors disagree. And a lot of people try to improve their fitness. There are a lot of ways to lose weight and avoid gaining it. Perhaps, the most popular of them is following a diet. If you want to lose weight, you should cut out snacks and desserts and cut down on fat. People have also become more aware of calories, the energy value of food. Some people count the number of calories they eat every day, so that they can try to take in fewer calories and lose weight. This is called a calorie-controlled diet. Manufacturers are increasingly producing special foods with fewer calories for slimmers.

But excessive dieting may be dangerous as well. Some people refuse to eat meat as they consider it harmful. They say a vegetarian diet reduces the risk of cancer and vegetarians live longer than others. I can"t agree with them, because meat is an excellent source of good nutrition. In my opinion, it"s wrong to put down a food simply because excessive amounts can cause health problems. Consumed in moderate amounts, meat is perfectly good for our health.

To my mind, the only way to stay healthy and to keep fit is going in for sports. Among the benefits of regular exercise are a healthier heart, stronger bones, quicker reaction times and less susceptibility to various illnesses. Besides, you can eat and drink as much as you want because you are burning it all off.

To be healthy, it is also very important to spend a lot of time in the open air. It is useful to go for a walk before going to bed or to air the room.

I think it is very important to be fit and healthy, and it is necessary to take care of your health. Being fat, in fact, can cause real problems. It is harder for fat people to get a good job or even to make friends. If you want to do well, you must be thin. That"s why I go in for sports on a regular basis. I have been doing aerobics for three years, and I feel great. I am not enthusiastic about strict dieting, but I try to eat only low-fat food, fruit and vegetables, which are rich in vitamins.

Personally I believe that regularity in life promotes our health. Sleeping eight or nine hours, getting up early, regular meals, a healthy diet and going in for sports are really a good way to live.

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