The answers to tasks 1–24 are a word, a phrase, a number or a sequence of words, numbers. Write your answer to the right of the task number without spaces, commas or other additional characters.
Read the text and do tasks 1-3.
(1) Interethnic communication takes place everywhere: in everyday life, in the world of art, on the pages of literary works. (2) And of course, ______ this communication took place, in addition to knowing the language, you need to know and respect the culture, customs of speakers of different languages. (З) Only in this case will intercultural communication take place, the purpose of which is mutual understanding of different peoples.
1
Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the MAIN information contained in the text?
1. Mutual understanding of different peoples in the process of intercultural communication is possible if these peoples know and respect each other's language, culture and customs.
2. The problem of interethnic communication must be addressed primarily at the level of introducing people to culture.
3. In order to reach mutual understanding, representatives of one nationality need to know the language of another nationality.
4. The purpose of intercultural communication is the study of the customs of different peoples.
5. Subject to knowledge of and respect for each other's language, culture and customs, mutual understanding of different peoples can be achieved.
2
Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the second (2) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
2. vice versa
5. despite this,
3
Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meanings of the word CULTURE. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the second (2) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
CULTURE, -s, f.
1. The totality of industrial, social and spiritual achievements of people. History of culture. K. ancient Greeks.
2. The same as cultural (see cultural in the 2nd meaning). A man of high culture.
3. Breeding, cultivation of some kind. plant or animal (spec.). K. flax. K. silkworm.
4. Cultivated plant, as well as (special) cells of microorganisms grown in a nutrient medium in laboratory or industrial conditions. Industrial crops. K. organic tissue.
5. High level of something, high development, skill. K. production. K. voices (for singers). Physical k. (physical education). K. speech.
4
In one of the words below, a mistake was made in setting the stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel is highlighted INCORRECTLY. Write out this word.
relegated
funds
drenched
will call
5
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
1. Parents should remember that a good LANGUAGE children's camp can be located not only in London.
2. Working with CASH is a serious issue for every enterprise.
3. Nikolai turned out to be a complete ignoramus in matters of nuclear physics.
4. A BUSINESS lunch can be considered as a variant of working communication, provided that you did not come to this lunch in order to satisfy your hunger or thirst.
5. The professor received a document confirming the PAYMENT of his business trip.
6
In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
about FIVE HUNDRED photos
GO to the city
pair of socks
MOST relevant
THEIR conversation
7
Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
| SUGGESTIONS | GRAMMATICAL ERRORS |
| A) Considering the rock art of the Stone Age, the drawings can be understood by people of different nationalities. | 1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition |
| B) Thanks to the newspaper, we learned about the resumption of the tourist boat route to the Northern Islands. | 2) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate |
| C) Kem is one of the oldest cities in Russia, located on the White Sea. | 3) violation in the construction of a proposal with an inconsistent application |
| D) All those who wrote an “excellent” review gave a deep analysis of the work and substantiated their point of view. | 4) an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members |
| E) Paustovsky's story "Squeaky Floorboards" tells about the role of Russian nature in the life and work of the great composer Tchaikovsky. | 5) incorrect construction of a sentence with a participial turnover |
| 6) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover | |
| 7) incorrect sentence construction with indirect speech |
Write your answer in numbers without spaces or other characters.
8
Determine the word in which the unstressed checked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
reminder..knowledge
slacked off
floor..mic
k..rrierist
guess
9
Determine the row in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write these words out with the missing letter.
not .. bendable, illiterate
o..throw, on..piss
pr..funny, pr..school
pr..overcoming, pr..grad
pr..run, pr..keep up
10
Write down the word in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.
shudder..wat
aluminum
confidant..vy
annoying .. out
smiling..y
11
Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.
passing by
exported..ny
select..sh
reset..
comprehend .. you
12
Identify the sentence in which NOT with the word is spelled CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write out this word.
1. (NOT) MANAGED to realize himself in life, Bazarov shows his best qualities in the face of death.
2. The keys are still (NOT) FOUND.
3. The Petrovs' house is (NOT) BIG, but very cozy.
4. Brother (NOT) dignified him even with a reproach.
5. Before the eyes of tourists, a far (UN) JOYful picture opened up.
13
Determine the sentence in which both underlined words are spelled ONE. Open the brackets and write out these two words.
1. You are wrong, (FOR) AS you can not condemn a person only (FOR) THAT you do not share his beliefs.
2. (FROM) WHAT grandfather said, it was clear that he was pleased with Vitka, and (FROM) THIS felt good in his soul.
3. He is a hard worker and (FOR) THIS is successful, (FOR) THAT he is ambitious beyond measure.
4. The water in the bay is distinguished by extreme salinity, as well as (SAME) density, THEREFORE (THAT) the impact of the waves here is much more crushing than in the sea.
5. (AT) THE END the meeting took place, SO (THAT) all problems were solved.
14
Indicate all the numbers in the place of which HN is written.
The sun was golden in the east, behind the fog (1) blue of the distant (2) forests, behind the white snowy lowland (3) awn, which the ancient Russian city looked at from a low shore.
15
Set up punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.
1. Contemporary publicists and writers have written and continue to write about the place of a dog in human life.
2. The yellowish or pink petals of this plant grow singly or in pairs.
3. Bright poppies and delicate tulips and shaggy marigolds were planted in the flower bed.
4. Representatives of the intelligentsia strove for semantic accuracy and expressiveness of speech, fought against distortion and clogging of their native language.
5. And on the table and on the piano lay armfuls of white lilacs.
16
One after another, horses approached the fire (1) slowly fading in the night (2) and motionlessly stopped (3) looking at us (4) with intelligent eyes.
17
Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentences.
Here the sun touched (1) it seems (2) quiet water near the shore. The ocean (3) seems (4) asleep, quiet, not even the splashing of the waves is heard.
18
Put punctuation marks: indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) in the sentence should (s) be a comma (s).
From a very early age (1) A.T. Tvardovsky absorbed love and respect for the land, hard work on it and blacksmithing (2) the master (3) of which (4) was his father.
19
Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.
I thought about people (1) whose life (2) was connected with this story (3) and I wanted to know (4) what became of them.
20
Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by excluding the extra word. Write out this word.
Facts from the biography of the poet's life, as well as his words, thoughts - about poetry and in general about what is happening in the world - are no less significant than his poems.
Read the text and complete tasks 21-26.
(1) With the recognition of the extreme importance of global problems, we are terribly late. (2) They took us by surprise. (H) Catching up, we began to multiply the number of these problems too quickly and chaotically. (4) I will list some. (5) This is the rejection of wars, overcoming the backwardness of the countries of the "third world", demography, natural resources, the oceans, the environment, space exploration ... (6) But let's take a closer look. (7) Isn't there really only one (and now eternal) problem - environmental? (8) And aren't all the rest, directly or indirectly, only its manifestation?
(9) Humanity has become the force that threatened the very existence of life. (10) And now there is no such human action that would affect all life without a trace, which would not hurt, kill it or heal, increase, improve.
(11) “I am a life that wants to live among a life that also wants to live,” says A. Schweitzer. (12) This means that the environment, “the house in which we live” is nothing but a living dwelling of living life. (13) And the law of this living dwelling is the multiplying variety of life forms. (14) And in relation to a person, the same law requires the identification and enhancement of his personal and national spiritual uniqueness. (15) The more diverse life is, the more alive it is, the more immortal it is.
(16) We have come to the edge of the abyss, primarily because we have lost the love of life. (17) And it is not so much the repulsion from death that will save us, but the attraction to life, the revival of love for it.
(18) It is no coincidence that one hears from all sides: “ecology of culture”, “ecology of man”, “ecology of the book” ... (19) There are a lot of ecologies. (20) This means the revival of everything that surrounds us, more precisely, the recognition of our "home" by living life, the recognition of the interdependence of all forms of life, the recognition of the endless living connections of life.
(21) In the global environmental problem, the main inseparable human, social aspects can be distinguished. (22) Firstly, it is the preservation, lengthening and improvement of the physical life of each person with the full realization of his unique personality, his spiritual potential. (23) Secondly, the preservation and spiritual development of every people, every nation. (24) And most importantly, the focus of the efforts of all mankind on the physical and spiritual development of children. (25) Without solving these eternal tasks, we cannot survive. (26) These tasks inspire and infect not only with their clarity, realism and beauty (the combination of physical and spiritual), but also with their lack of alternatives in the face of the threat of non-existence.
"Photography" - Alfred Stieglitz 1864 - 1946. Charles Rennie Mackintosh Chair. ART of the XX century. Interior. .Stiglitz. Chairs with high backs are organically included in the architectural space of the interior. Photo. Charles Rennie Mackintosh 1868 - 1928. Macintosh. Sculpture of Art Nouveau and DPI. Ch.R.Makintosh Musical drawing room.
"Photo Editing" - Make the background layer visible again. Again apply the filter Wind (Wind) several times. In the fifth frame, leave visible the background layer, right layer 1 and left layer 1. 19. 2. Rotate the wedge 20 degrees clockwise CW (Image-Rotate Canvas-Arbitrary Image-Rotate Canvas-Arbitrary). We pay special attention to hair.
"Photo Collection" - City officials donated land for the park. In 1911 the neoclassical style building was built. 20 photographs of Weston, Strand, Atjet, Kertész were acquired. The Museum of Fine Arts in Houston is one of the largest art museums in the United States. Collections of photographs in US art museums 2. Museum of Contemporary Photography in Chicago 1982.
"Take a photo" - It turned out very similar, didn't it? MOVE A LITTLE LEFT!!! 100% complete. Snapshot. You are not fully in the photo… View. Smile….
"Liquid and steam" - During the combustion of fuel, where q is the specific heat of combustion of the substance. Isotherms of real gas. K is a critical point, T is a triple point. K is the critical point. unsaturated steam. Such a system is called a two-phase system. Such substances melt when heated at atmospheric pressure. Evaporation and condensation are examples of phase transitions.
"Saturated steam" - Weather forecasting. The arrow connected to the stretched hair shows the relative humidity of the air. The dependence of the density of saturated water vapor on temperature. Normal air humidity is 60%. The task of the exam. Phase diagram. Steam that is in dynamic equilibrium with its liquid is called saturated steam.
In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
about FIVE HUNDRED photos
GO to the city
pair of socks
SLIP
brother MORE SMARTER
Explanation (see also Rule below).
False: brother is smarter. That's right: the brother (which one?) is smarter.
Answer: smarter | smarter.
Answer: smarter | smarter | smarter
Rule: Morphological norms of word formation and inflection. Task 7.
General concept of morphological norms.
Morphological norms are the norms for the correct formation of grammatical forms of words of different parts of speech(forms of gender, number, short forms and degrees of comparison of adjectives and many others).
The morphological norm regulates word formation and inflection. These norms are necessarily studied in the school course of the Russian language and are checked in task 6 of the USE. In morphology (as well as in syntax and pronunciation) there are strong and weak norms. The strong ones are respected by everyone who speaks Russian as a native language. Weak ones are easily influenced from the outside, poorly absorbed and often distorted. Their presence is determined by many reasons, in particular, the peculiarities of the development of the phonetic and grammatical systems of the Russian language. So, the norms of education and changes in participles, gerunds, adjectives and other parts of speech that existed back in the time of Leo Tolstoy have changed significantly in our days. It should be noted that for a fairly large list of words there are, on the one hand - colloquial forms, and on the other hand - literary, written. But along with this, there are also such forms that are unacceptable even in colloquial speech and are a gross violation of morphological norms. Anyone who refers to dictionaries knows that in explanatory dictionaries there are certainly marks “razg”, which means colloquial, and others indicating the normative use of the form of a word in a particular style of speech.
In the tasks selected in the exam, students are required to find a word with an error and change it so that it meets the literary, written norm.
The normative nature of the use of a particular word is checked according to the current modern dictionaries, and not according to the “Internet” or “Wikipedia”. Words that allow two literary norms (and this happens!) As a rule, are not presented in assignments.
How can you know if a person is smart? Most people will answer that one of the IQ tests should be used. However, such studies are often criticized today. Therefore, scientists suggest focusing on fairly obvious, but very important signs that allow you to find out whether a particular person is smarter than most people or not.
Did you take music lessons
Research has shown that music helps develop a child's mind in several ways. So, such activities can improve verbal intelligence. In addition, the IQ of a child taking music lessons will in most cases be higher than that of his peers doing something else or not attending any additional classes at all. In addition, according to the results of a study conducted in 2013, it turned out that many children who were gifted in various fields were also involved in music. 
You are the eldest among brothers and sisters
In this case, you are almost certainly smarter than your siblings. However, as scientists say, it's not about genetics. So, Norwegian doctors conducted a large study, analyzing the health and IQ level of 250,000 young men. As a result, it turned out that first-borns had an average IQ of 103. This indicator for children born second was 100, and for those who were born third, it was 99. According to the researchers, the reason for this is the psychology of interaction between children and parents. Firstborns often receive more attention, which increases their chances of becoming smarter and more successful. 
You are in good physical shape
According to the results of studies conducted in 2006, based on 2200 tests, scientists came to the conclusion that the larger a person's waist size, the lower his cognitive abilities.
In the same year, another study was carried out. His results indicate that 11-year-olds who score the lowest on verbal and non-verbal tests are more likely to be obese by the age of forty. According to scientists, it is easier for smart children to take advantage of opportunities to get a good education and then get a good job, which in the end will allow them to take better care of their health than their less intelligent peers. 
Do you have a cat
A 2014 study of 600 students found that people who consider themselves dog lovers are more outgoing and friendly. However, those who love cats more, as shown by tests, have higher cognitive abilities. 
Did you breastfeed as a baby?
The results of studies conducted in 2007 indicate that it is possible that those children who were breastfed will grow up to be smarter than their peers who were deprived of mother's milk. Scientists analyzed the stories of more than three thousand babies from the UK and New Zealand. And it turned out that breastfed babies scored almost seven points more on an IQ test than their peers. 
Are you left handed
Researchers often associate left-handedness with crime. Indeed, according to statistics, the percentage of left-handers in the criminal world is slightly higher than in other groups of the population. Later, scientists associated left-handedness with such a concept as divergent thinking. This term refers to a type of creativity that allows you to generate new ideas very quickly. This is most relevant for men. 
You are tall
In 2008, Princeton University conducted a study that involved thousands of people. As a result, it turned out that those who were taller than average, in childhood, show better results on tests to determine the level of intelligence, and as adults they earn more money. 
You regularly drink alcohol
Evolutionary psychologist Satoshi Kanazawa and colleagues found that among the inhabitants of the United States and the United Kingdom, a fairly high percentage of those who showed excellent results on IQ tests in childhood, and drink alcohol in adulthood.
Do you hold liberal views?
Children who score high on IQ tests are more likely to grow up to be liberal, the researchers say. 
You learned to read early
In 2012, scientists conducted a study in the UK, which involved almost two thousand pairs of identical twins. As a result, it turned out that those brothers or sisters who learned to read earlier, in most cases, showed better results in tests of cognitive abilities. 
you worry a lot
A growing body of research shows that individuals who tend to worry and ruminate may be smarter than the rest. As a result of one of the tests, it was found that people who constantly worry about something show higher rates when it comes to verbal intelligence. 
You have a great sense of humor
In one study, 400 students were asked to come up with captions for several cartoons, which were later reviewed by independent experts. As expected, the creations of the smarter students were funnier than the rest. 
You used soft drugs
Just as with alcohol, some people who score perfectly on IQ tests as children have at least tried soft drugs as adults.
