Answered by Yesenia Pavlotsky, linguist-morphologist, expert of the Institute of Philology, Mass Media and Psychology of the Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University.
Native speakers have made the misuse of these words such a problem that it's hard to believe anyone's ignorance of the differences. dress and put on. And yet, the rate of use of these words remains relevant and frequently requested in search engines.
Dress up and put on, of course, are not variants of the norm, but two different words with different lexical meanings. At least for now.
Dress up— whom, what means to put someone in a garment. Dress up the child.
put on — what, means to pull, pull on (clothing, shoes, cover), covering, dressing something in something. Put on a suit, headphones.
How else to spot the differences: word dress combines with animate nouns, and put on with the inanimate. It is only necessary not to forget that in addition to the actual consciousness, we also have an ancient consciousness, which, like instincts, is dormant, but is always somewhere nearby. Therefore, anthropomorphic, human-like objects, our language also considers animated. So we also dress the doll and the mannequin, although in general, for the same reason, we can also dress less human-like objects that the language “confuses” with the living: a dead man, an oyster, a microbe.
More words dress and put on enter into different systemic relations: antonyms put on - take off opposed to antonyms dress - undress .
But if everything is so harmonious and obvious, why do native speakers constantly confuse these words in the flow of speech, even if they know everything about the differences between these paronyms?
The fact is that the language simultaneously strives both to accumulate resources and to cleanse the system of unnecessary things. Language as a living system is characterized by a "shuttle movement" along the base - up and down. He takes the necessary resources, sorts them and gets rid of what did not take root, was not useful or worn out. So it is constantly updated, at the same time maintaining harmony and consistency.
It happens that the system is fragmented and becomes more complex in certain areas for the needs of the language, but it happens that such fragmentation becomes obsolete. In the vocabulary, this process can result in generalization: one word covers all other words with different meanings or shades of meanings. For example, today the system perceives the words dress and put on as a fragmentation that has lost its meaning. Now the word dress absorbs words put on and put on shoes. When this absorption is completed, the word dress how the stronger one will have three meanings that once belonged to different words. The phenomena of reality will not go anywhere, but the language will save resources, and this is normal.
Now we see how this process manifests itself: failures occur in the speech of native speakers. People who know the difference between dress and put on, they say something like this: “Now I’ll put on ... oh, I’ll put on a jacket”. This does not mean that they are not literate enough - just that one word absorbs another word and its meaning.
So, today paronyms dress and put on strictly differ in meaning, but very soon the overlapping of the meanings of these words may become the norm.
These words are used very often in speech. There is not much difference between them, and, using them, many simply do not know how to use this or that verb correctly and when. These words can be used with the same nouns in sentences. For example: put on a ring and put on a ring. But it turns out that this is not so. These words - they are very similar in sound and spelling, but have different meanings. It is with the incorrect use of paronyms that errors in speech often occur. In order to avoid unpleasant situations, you need to remember the rules for using the above verbs in certain cases.
Wear or dress properly
Both of these words are verbs, they are consonant, but are used in different situations and answer different questions. When using these words, it is important to understand which noun will refer to given verb, and ask a question from it. If, when posing a question, the question “who?” arises, then it is written “dress”. The word is used with all animate nouns (answering the question "who?"). For example, dress "who?":
There is a small exception if the object denotes the likeness of a person, then the verb “dress” is also applied to it. At the same time, the question “what?” will be asked to these words, and not “who?”. Like what?":
- doll
- dummy.
The word "dress" means a manipulation that is performed by one object on another. The word “put on” is used if they are going to pull something, pull it on (put on a hat, socks), that is, the movement is performed mainly in relation to oneself (pull on clothes).
What techniques can be used to make it easier to remember
You need to pick up several ways that will help you quickly, without hesitation, apply this or that verb in Russian. There are several such methods. The easiest way that will not allow you to make a mistake in choosing a verb is pick up antonyms to them. This option is considered unmistakable for the correct choice of the word. For example:
- To the verb to dress is the antonym to undress.
- To dress a son is to undress a son.
- Dress up the doll - undress the doll.
- To put on the verb - take off the antonym.
- Put on a hat - take off your hat.
It becomes much more difficult to confuse. It would already be ugly to say “undress your hat”, it sounds stupid and ugly. The next way is use of reminder phrases. The most common phrase used in school years to this rule. It is worth remembering it once and it will always be easy to say correctly: “they put on Nadezhda, put on clothes.” There is another way to remember. To do this, you need to remember that “dress” refers to reflexive verbs, that is, they are those that can be used with the suffix “-sya” at the end. For example:
- dress warmly;
- dress quickly;
- dress nicely.
If these verbs in the context are used with the preposition “on”, then it will be unmistakable to say “put on”. For example:
- put on boots on your feet, a hat on your head;
- put on the bracelet.
And another little trick, it will prompt you to choose how to correctly say the described verb, with a prefix on or not. You just need to remember that putting something on someone(or something if exceptions apply) while dressing themselves. For example:
- Masha got dressed and went for a walk with the dog.
- Nastya put on her favorite trousers.
- Vasya dressed beautifully.
- Grandma put on a chic hat.
- The child is dressed for kindergarten.
When to use a particular verb
The same rules and recommendations apply here as in the case of the words “put on” or “put on”, i.e. if the verb is used with animate objects (or with exceptions), then it is written “put on”, and if we are talking about inanimate objects, then the verb is written with "on". For example:
- to dress my son for school;
- dress your granddaughter for the holiday;
- put on a thimble on your finger, your favorite red dress, a coat on your shoulders;
- dress the bride for the wedding.
When using the word “put on” about yourself, you need to specify what exactly (dress, fur coat, skirt, trousers). In spoken language, the difference in the use of these words is not so noticeable, and very often making such mistakes, the interlocutor may not notice it.
A more attentive attitude to your speech will help you speak and write beautifully, competently. Knowing what is the difference between these verbs, in what context this or that word is applicable, will eliminate errors in speech. The correct and appropriate use of these verbs in Russian makes speech richer and more attractive to others.
Despite all the rules that exist on this issue, there are still disputes about the correct use of the analyzed verbs. Some believe that the word without the prefix “na” is applicable to most words, even to those that are excluded by the rules of the Russian language.
The Russian language is the beauty of sound, the variety of words and their lexical forms. Our language is the richest, but also the most complex, in the whole world. To cope with the norms of orthoepy, grammar sometimes becomes beyond the power of even well-read and educated people. I think you at least once had to think about the correct pronunciation of such words as "put on" and "put on". In what cases should they be used correctly and with what to combine?
Word data are verbs - paronyms. They are very similar in morphological meaning, and therefore similar in sound. But they have different meanings.
How to spell put on correctly
First word "put on" is a verb , which is spoken or written applied to inanimate objects . It can be shoes, clothes, furniture, toys, etc. For example, put on a dress, headphones, shoes, stockings (what?).
In order not to make a mistake in the pronunciation of this word, you need to correctly determine which noun goes with it: animate or inanimate - and everything will sound right at once!
- Varya, put on your hat!
- I will put on a warm coat.
- Lyudmila put on black glasses.
- The children were wearing school uniforms.
How to spell dress up
second word "dress" is also a verb
, which is used in speech and writing with words denoting living beings.
it nouns that answer the question "who?"
. For example, to dress (whom?) children for school, Kirill for competitions, himself for a hike, etc.
But there is a place in this rule little exception. With the verb "dress" will be used words that are the likeness of a person: a doll and a mannequin.
Important! The words “doll” and “dummy” will be asked the question “what?”, Not “who?”.
- Dress your daughter for a visit.
- Sveta, put on the mannequin!
- Masha dressed her doll.
- Dress up for a visit.
Now you have got acquainted with the features of each paronym, but that's not all. We are more interested in their differences among themselves!
What is the difference?
In order to learn once and for all to correctly and beautifully use this “dangerous” pair of words in your speech, you need to once again make sure they are different from each other.
These verbs are used in different situations and carry completely different meanings..
- To put on means to put on, to put on some kind of clothes. This action is performed by one object for another. For example, dress (who?) grandmother.
- And to put on means to act more towards yourself. Throw on, pull on, pull on yourself. For example, put on (what?) handkerchief.
Reference! It is believed that in spoken language it is difficult to control the correct pronunciation, since the difference in words is not particularly noticeable (compared to written speech). You should always try to carefully monitor how and what you say.
These verbs managed to figure out the present tense form, but how to speak and write them in the past tense?
Application in the past tense
In the past tense, the paronyms under consideration will sound like this: "put on" and "put on".
Dress - just like the form of the present tense, it will be refer to words denoting living beings or the like. For example, to dress (who?) a sister, a dog, a patient.
- It's time to dress grandpa for a walk.
- No need to wear such a bright hat!
- Christina loves to dress up her dolls.
The same goes for the second verb. Word "put on" will only be used in relation to inanimate objects. And as practice shows, most often to garments. For example, to put on (what?) A dress to the theater, skates to the rink, glasses.
- Put on your coat, we're late!
- Wear your earrings more often, they are wonderful!
- Vera, put on your apron, we're going to the kitchen to prepare food.
Usage forms of the past tense are almost the same as the present, which means you managed to remember this rule even better!
Remembering the correct pronunciation
How to say and write "dress" or "put on"? In Russian it is very common to find hints, helping to postpone the rules and exceptions to them for a long time.
Here are a kind of "life hacks" for reliable memorization of the use of words. Now you don't have to think about how to properly “put on” or “put on” clothes.
- The first thing we can do is pick up a couple- antonym for each word. A couple of the word "dress" will be the word undress. And to the verb "put on" - take off. Think for yourself, is it possible to undress a dress or a sheepskin coat? It sounds somehow implausible and even ridiculous.
- Remember an interesting expression where words are played for better memorization: “They put on Hope, they put on clothes.”
- Another handy way to remember is pay attention to prepositions and prefixes ON THE yourself or ON THE Someone to put on, and someone IN O something O child.
Of course, there are not so many ways to remember the rule forever, but everyone can choose the one that suits him best.
Examples
- I put on a ring.
- Put on your jacket and let's go!
- Katya, put on your earrings.
- Vera put on a raincoat.
- Darling, dress your son!
- Rita dressed the mannequin.
We all studied the rules of the Russian language at school, college and institute. We honestly crammed the textbook from cover to cover, but, alas, not all the rules were preserved in our memory. Are they really necessary and important?
Someone believes that if you don’t negotiate and fill out important documents at the workplace and in the midst of everyday worries, then you don’t have to worry about the correctness of your speech. But such people forget that regardless of status, lifestyle and profession, each person must be literate and a good interlocutor.
Useful video
The use of "put on" or "put on"?
On our site, we have already turned to the spelling rules and figured out how to write a mattress or mattress correctly. Now let's try to figure it out how to dress properly. We often use these words in our speech. No less often we make requests to the search networks for the correct spelling or pronunciation. Many believe that there are no significant differences in the meaning of words. Therefore, let's update the knowledge in the rules of the Russian language.
Dear friend, don't forget
That "to put on" does not mean "to put on";
Do not confuse expressions
Each of them has its own meaning!
As we can see from this poem, both options will be true. Let's find out when to use words.
To dress is a verb used in relation to:
- to some kind of animated object - to dress a child for school, a sick person for a walk, etc., that is, to clothe someone in something;
- to a small number of inanimate things, objects that resemble the image of a person or an animal - dress a doll, mannequins for opening, etc., that is, they always dress someone else.
Put on is a verb used only for inanimate things. Most often these are wardrobe items. That is, we push, pull, try on, throw something (a specific thing) on someone. For example, put on a jacket, boots, etc.
In order to better remember when it is necessary to use a particular verb, let's turn to the following tricks.
- Antonyms: put on - undress, put on - take off. After all, you can not undress a fur coat or gloves.
- Expressions: dress Hope, undress clothes.
- Memos - various short rhymes that help you better learn the rules (see the example below on the page).
memo
Although there are various rules and techniques, there is still debate among philologists about how to use words correctly. According to many, it is quite acceptable to use phrases - put on a raincoat or jacket, etc.
Such ambiguity and variability of the position suggests that the Russian language, like any other, is in development and movement. Language is a living system that tends to accumulate information and cleanse it of superfluous information. It collects the necessary resources for further processing and sorting, and gets rid of unusable and worn out ones.
Now the expressions "put on" and "put on" in accordance with the rules are distinguishable in meaning. But in everyday life, we often do not notice how we replace the words “put on”, “shoe”, “put on” with a stronger and more unique meaning. That is, we dress a person, a coat, boots. It absorbs its similar counterparts and thereby saves the resources of the language.
The Russian language is great and powerful. It contains many more similar examples of words, phrases and expressions. To improve your knowledge of the Russian language, to improve yourself according to the school curriculum, to find out the exact meaning of certain words, the applications posted on this page will help you. Download these and other similar apps, develop your speech, learn new terms and more.
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There are many words that we often hear but don't know their exact meanings. Download Word of the Day and find out the exact meanings of Russian words! Word of the Day achievements: √ No. 1 in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus in the Education section (more than two months). √ TOP-2 among all free applications in Russia (01/25/2013). √ 5 stars based on over 2500 reviews in the AppStore!There are rules that everyone seems to know, but still they are constantly mistaken. These include -tsya and -tsya, zhi- and shi-, the declension of the word “coffee”, as well as the long-suffering WEAR a hat or still WEAR it, damn it?
Are you also confused by these two words? Then I'll tell you a couple of little grammatical tricks, using which you will always use these words correctly.
The main difference between these two verbs is that they always dress someone, but not themselves. In those cases when they dress themselves, they say: "I dress", which means "I dress myself." After all, you will never say: “I will soon put on!” - sounds just ridiculous. So, the first thing to remember is: they always dress someone else - a child, a dog, a doll, a mannequin.
But if you pull on, put on, try on something, some specific thing, then you PUT it on, and that's all. I WILL put on a dress, you WILL put on new shoes, he will never WEAR that horrible tie.
Here it is, the fundamental difference. When you say CLOTHING, you may not indicate any thing and not mention clothes at all, but you must definitely indicate who exactly you WEAR. Therefore: "She dressed her daughter for half an hour." And vice versa: when you say WEAR, you always indicate what exactly, what thing, but you may not specify who exactly put them on. Like this: "Don't wear so many things, you'll get tired."
But what to do when in one sentence there is both a person who needs to be dressed in something, and the item of clothing itself? How then to choose the correct verb? Here, too, everything is easy, if you figure it out. If you're talking about someone you want to dress up, say DRESS. For example: "She didn't play with the doll so much as she dressed her in different outfits."
If you are describing an item that you put on a character, then say WEAR it. So: "Mom put a hat on her son." Here the preposition ON will serve as a hint. Remember, you can not "put on" - only PUT ON.
Still confused? Then, perhaps, you (or your children) will come to the aid of two rhymes-hints, having learned which, you can quickly remember the correct use of the word.
The first poem was written at the end of the 19th century by the poet V. Krylov:
Dear friend, don't forget
What to wear is not to wear;
Do not confuse these expressions
Each of them has its own meaning.
You can easily remember this:
The verb "dress" we say when
We put clothes on something
Or we cover something with clothes,
Or otherwise we dress in clothes.
You want to dress yourself more elegantly,
So you should put on a new dress,
And you put on your hand with a glove,
When you put on a glove on your hand.
You will dress the child in his dress,
When you put a dress on him.
To whom the native language is both sweet and dear,
He will not endure a single trace of a mistake,
And therefore, my friend, never
Do not make such reservations.
And the second was composed by our contemporary, poet and singer-songwriter Novella Matveeva:
“Dress”, “put on” ... Two words
We confuse so stupidly!
Frosty dawn dawned,
The old grandfather dressed in a fur coat.
And the fur coat, therefore, was put on.
"Dress", "put on" ... Let's look:
When to wear and what to wear.
I believe that on the grandfather
Three fur coats can be worn.
But I don't think that grandfather
It can be worn on a fur coat!
