In the parental home, everything was the same. Course: Preparation for the Unified State Examination in the Russian language, Distance course

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Solving problems on the topic “Organizational and legal forms of enterprises” -us.

  • Find-di-those in the list of valuable boo-ma-gi and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us.
  • 1) pri-vi-le-gi-ro-van-shares
  • 2) Qui-tan-tion
  • 3) ob-li-ga-tion
  • 4) century-se-la
  • 5) av-tor-sky to-go-to-ry
  • 6) labor-do-books

At the windows-cha-ni kol-le-ja, the student plans to open in-di-vi-du-al-noe pre-pri-i-tie. Find-di-te in the given list of measures of labor-no-stay, he can collide with someone with this form of or-ga-ni -for-tion of business-not-sa, and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us

  • At the windows-cha-ni kol-le-ja, the student plans to open in-di-vi-du-al-noe pre-pri-i-tie. Find-di-te in the given list of measures of labor-no-stay, he can collide with someone with this form of or-ga-ni -for-tion of business-not-sa, and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us
  • 1) you-with-a risk of investing ka-pi-ta-la
  • 2) limited freedom of action
  • 3) limited funds for re-cla-mu
  • 4) the complexity of managing the pre-at-I-ty-eat
  • 5) limited funds for attracting pro-fess-si-o-on-fishing

Citizen-da-nin N. completed the course on the basics of pre-principle-no-ma-tel-stva and decided to establish his own private in-di-vi-du-al- noe pre-pri-i-tie, take up the raz-ra-bot-koy sai-tov.

  • Citizen-da-nin N. completed the course on the basics of pre-principle-no-ma-tel-stva and decided to establish his own private in-di-vi-du-al- noe pre-pri-i-tie, take up the raz-ra-bot-koy sai-tov.
  • You-be-ri-those in the list below pre-im-s-stva in a good form of business-not-sa and write-those numbers, under someone-ry- we they point-for-us.
  • 1) lightness in-lu-che-niya bank-kov-sky cre-di-tov
  • 2) you-so-kay degree of preservation of commercial information
  • 3) simple or-ga-ni-za-tion and management
  • 4) no need to de-pour-by-be-pour with co-vla-del-tsa-mi
  • 5) up to a hundred-accurate funds for an advertising campaign
  • 6) the ability to attract you-with-co-class specialists

Fi-nan-co-con-sul-tant announces his-e-mu client-en-tu from-li-chia with-vi-le-gi-ro-van-ny shares from shares usually-but-ven-nyh. What rights, granting-la-e-my pri-vi-le-gi-ro-van-ny-mi ak-qi-i-mi, should con-sul-tant illuminate? You-be-ri-those are correct in the same way and for-pi-shi-those numbers in ascending order, under someone-ry-mi they point-for-us.

  • Fi-nan-co-con-sul-tant announces his-e-mu client-en-tu from-li-chia with-vi-le-gi-ro-van-ny shares from shares usually-but-ven-nyh. What rights, granting-la-e-my pri-vi-le-gi-ro-van-ny-mi ak-qi-i-mi, should con-sul-tant illuminate? You-be-ri-those are correct in the same way and for-pi-shi-those numbers in ascending order, under someone-ry-mi they point-for-us.
  • 1) These shares give the right to participate in the management of the company.
  • 2) These shares give the right to po-lu-che-fic-si-ro-van-no-go di-vi-den-da.
  • 3) The size of the di-vi-den-da on these ak-qi-pits and the liquid-vi-da-qi-on-th cost-and-bridge is determined-de-la-yut-sya in a solid de -gentle amount or in percentage terms to the no-mi-nal-noy hundred-and-mo-sti at-vi-le-gi-ro-van-nyh shares.
  • 4) These shares give the first right to a part of the company's property in the event of its bankruptcy.
  • 5) Is-toch-no-one you-plats of di-vi-den-dov by p-vi-le-gi-ro-van-nym ac-qi-pits yav-la-et-sya chi-flock at- the true story of the ak-qi-o-ner-no-go society for the current year.
  • 6) These shares give the right to an unconditional return of their no-mi-nal-noy cost-and-mo-sti on the basis of the redemption period.

Learn-schi-e-sya so-qi-al-no-eco-no-mi-che-so-go pro-fi-la pro-vo-dyat se-mi-nar “Ak-qi-o-ner- nye societies in modern eco-no-mi-ke. One of the steps-le-ny ka-sa-et-sya hundred-tu-sa of the usual-but-ven-noy action. Which of the pe-re-numbers-len-no-go below should be from-me-che-but in this you-step-le-nii? For-pi-shi-those numbers in ascending order, under someone-ry-mi ukka-for-us, faithful in the same way.

  • Learn-schi-e-sya so-qi-al-no-eco-no-mi-che-so-go pro-fi-la pro-vo-dyat se-mi-nar “Ak-qi-o-ner- nye societies in modern eco-no-mi-ke. One of the steps-le-ny ka-sa-et-sya hundred-tu-sa of the usual-but-ven-noy action. Which of the pe-re-numbers-len-no-go below should be from-me-che-but in this you-step-le-nii? For-pi-shi-those numbers in ascending order, under someone-ry-mi ukka-for-us, faithful in the same way.
  • 1) gives the right to participate in the management of the firm
  • 2) gives the right to po-lu-che-fic-si-ro-van-no-go di-vi-den-da
  • 3) gives the first right to the property of the company in the event of its bankruptcy
  • 4) gives the right to an unconditional return of its no-mi-nal-noy cost-and-mo-sti according to the expiration date
  • 5) gives the right to better non-fic-si-ro-van-nyh di-vi-den-dov in the case of corresponding solutions
  • 6) yav-la-et-sya to-le-howl price boo-ma-goy

The ser-gay decided to open his own business and went to the bank for the provision of a cre-di-ta for the receipt of the ma-te-ri- a-lov. What other functions do you-pol-nya-ut commercial banks? You-be-ri-those from the given list are necessary in-zi-tion and write-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us.

  • The ser-gay decided to open his own business and went to the bank for the provision of a cre-di-ta for the receipt of the ma-te-ri- a-lov. What other functions do you-pol-nya-ut commercial banks? You-be-ri-those from the given list are necessary in-zi-tion and write-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us.
  • 1) implementation of settlements and payments
  • 2) providing insurance services
  • 3) accepting deposits
  • 4) re-gu-li-ro-va-nie de-nezh-no-go about-ra-shche-tion
  • 5) de-gentle emission
  • 6) support the course on-qi-o-nal-noy wa-lu-you

Va-si-liy decided to create a commercial organization. What first steps should he take to do this? You-be-ri-those from the list you need in-zi-tion and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us.

  • Va-si-liy decided to create a commercial organization. What first steps should he take to do this? You-be-ri-those from the list you need in-zi-tion and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us.
  • 1) pay income tax
  • 2) formalize institutional-di-tel-nye do-ku-men-you
  • 3) confirm your credit-di-to-ability
  • 4) go through the state-su-dar-stven-nuyu re-gi-stra-tion
  • 5) extra-sti for-lo-go-th amount
  • 6) choose-to-take or-ga-ni-for-qi-on-but-right-in-the-form of pre-attendance

Citizen A. bought a share in one of the industrial-mice-len-nyh companies. What rights does he gain by becoming the owner of this share? For-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi, these rights are indicated.

  • Citizen A. bought a share in one of the industrial-mice-len-nyh companies. What rights does he gain by becoming the owner of this share? For-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi, these rights are indicated.
  • 1) on-lu-che-fic-si-ro-van-no-go di-vi-den-da not-for-vi-si-mo from go-lo-so-va-niya ak-qi -o-no-ditch
  • 2) for a better amount of debt, udo-ve-ren-no-go valuable boo-ma-goy, within the specified period
  • 3) on the part of you-handles after you-yes-we di-vi-den-dy on ordinary stocks
  • 4) on the part of the pri-would-whether, for-vis-sya-schey from her ve-li-chi-ny
  • 5) to manage the joint-stock company through participation in the meeting of the joint-stock company
  • 6) for the benefit of a certain part of the property in the event of the liquidation of the company before it is divided between the authorities -del-tsa-mi ordinary-but-ven-nyh shares

What of the pe-re-numbers-len-no-go from-no-sit-sya to the properties of the stock as a valuable boo-ma-gi? For-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi these properties are indicated-for-us.

  • What of the pe-re-numbers-len-no-go from-no-sit-sya to the properties of the stock as a valuable boo-ma-gi? For-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi these properties are indicated-for-us.
  • 1) access-on for civil-dan-go-o-ro-ta
  • 2) call-to-support-to-hold-to-sta-bility-to-qi-o-nal-noy va-lu-you
  • 3) confirms the participation in the business
  • 4) on-de-la-et vla-del-tsa right-vom on-lu-che-di-vi-den-dov
  • 5) you-launch-ka-et-sya for a limited period
  • 6) has a long-howl ha-rak-ter

Deciding to take on the pre-pri-ni-ma-tel-sky de-i-tel-no-stu, C-do-ditch chose as an or-ga-ni-for-qi -he-but-right-in-howl forms of status in-di-vi-du-al-no-go before-at-ni-ma-te-la. Which of the things given in the list from-no-sit-sya to the pre-im-stu-stva of a given hundred-tu-sa?

  • Deciding to take on the pre-pri-ni-ma-tel-sky de-i-tel-no-stu, C-do-ditch chose as an or-ga-ni-for-qi -he-but-right-in-howl forms of status in-di-vi-du-al-no-go before-at-ni-ma-te-la. Which of the things given in the list from-no-sit-sya to the pre-im-stu-stva of a given hundred-tu-sa?
  • 1) simplified in a row-dock of ve-de-niya bukh-gal-ter-sko-go accounting
  • 2) preferential si-ste-ma on-lo-go-about-lo-same-nia
  • 3) full property-responsibility for obligations
  • 4) from-the-existence of a com-pa-nyo-new business-no-su
  • 5) free use of you-hands
  • 6) obligatory state-su-dar-stven-naya re-gi-stra-tion

Pyotr Fedo-ro-vich invests his savings in the acquisition of various personal securities. Find-di-those in the list below valuable boo-ma-gi, something he can get-about-re-sti in accordance with Civil code-dec-som of the Russian Federation‚ and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us.

  • Pyotr Fedo-ro-vich invests his savings in the acquisition of various personal securities. Find-di-those in the list below valuable boo-ma-gi, something he can get-about-re-sti in accordance with Civil code-dec-som of the Russian Federation‚ and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us.
  • 1) in-ve-sti-qi-on-ny pay pa-e-vo-go in-ve-sti-qi-on-no-go fund
  • 2) do-go-thief about fear-ho-va-nii im-s-stva
  • 3) bank-but-you
  • 4) ku-po-us
  • 5) ob-li-ga-tion
  • 6) shares

Ivan composes a business plan for the development of his own enterprise. Which of the n-re-number-len-no-go below can he use as is-exact-no-ki fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya business-no-sa? For-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us.

  • Ivan composes a business plan for the development of his own enterprise. Which of the n-re-number-len-no-go below can he use as is-exact-no-ki fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya business-no-sa? For-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us.
  • 1) attraction of credits
  • 2) on-lo-go-th from-number-le-tion
  • 3) profit from re-a-li-for-tion of production of pre-admission
  • 4) means of amor-ti-for-qi-on-no-go fund
  • 5) issuance and distribution of shares of the enterprise
  • 6) higher-pro-of-in-di-tel-no-sti of labor

Answer: 1345

Ka-ri-na ra-bo-ta-et me-ne-je-rom of the middle link. She raz-me-ste-la one part of her savings on the banking de-po-zi-te, the other - in-tra-ti-la on the pre-ob-re- those shares of various companies. Ka-ri-na took out a loan to buy a car-to-mo-bi-la. What of the pe-re-numbers-len-no-go from-no-sit-sya to is-toch-no-kam to-ho-dov Ka-ri-na? For-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us.

  • Ka-ri-na ra-bo-ta-et me-ne-je-rom of the middle link. She raz-me-ste-la one part of her savings on the banking de-po-zi-te, the other - in-tra-ti-la on the pre-ob-re- those shares of various companies. Ka-ri-na took out a loan to buy a car-to-mo-bi-la. What of the pe-re-numbers-len-no-go from-no-sit-sya to is-toch-no-kam to-ho-dov Ka-ri-na? For-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us.
  • 1) interest on credit
  • 2) salary
  • 3) pro-price on the deposit
  • 4) di-vi-den-dy
  • 5) transport tax
  • 6) com-mu-nal-nye pla-those
  • 1) To the inner-ren-nim is-toch-no-cam fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya biz-not-sa from-no-syat for-em-ny ka-pi-tal.
  • 2) Under the fi-nan-si-ro-va-ni-em, no-ma-et-sya, the process of forming the ka-pi-ta-la of the company in all its forms max.
  • 3) External fi-nan-si-ro-va-nie always provides-pe-chi-va-et fi-nan-so-vuyu not-for-wee-si-bridge before-pri-i- tiya.
  • 4) Internal-ren-her fi-nan-si-ro-va-nie pre-la-ha-et use of the company's own funds.
  • 5) Ak-tsi-o-ni-ro-va-nie pos-in-la-et to the firm to attract external funds.

You-be-ri-those true judgments about valuable boo-ma-gas and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us.

  • You-be-ri-those true judgments about valuable boo-ma-gas and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they indicate-for-us.
  • 1) Raz-whether-cha-ut valuable boo-ma-gi named and on pre-reveal-te-la.
  • 2) A bill of exchange represents a certificate of a de-tender deposit in a bank with an obligation of the bank to return this deposit and pro-cents on it through the mouth-new-len-term.
  • 3) In accordance with the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the price of boo-ma-goy on-zy-va-yut any do-ku-ment, you-launch-ka-e-my go-su-dar- property.
  • 4) Valuable bu-ma-ga, udo-ve-rya-yu-sharing power-de-tion of shares in ka-pi-ta-le pre-pri-i-i-tiya and giving-yu-schaya rights on the part of the arrival of the pre-pri-i-i-tiya, on-zy-va-et-sya ak-qi-her.
  • 5) Ob-li-ga-tion gives the owner the right to demand it to be paid in the established terms.

You-be-ri-those true judgments about the source of fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya business-not-sa and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they point-for-us.

  • You-be-ri-those true judgments about the source of fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya business-not-sa and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they point-for-us.
  • 1) The level of sa-mo-fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya pre-pri-i-tiya for-vis-sit from its internal-ren-them capabilities.
  • 2) The profit of the company is dis-smat-ri-va-et-xia as an external source fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya business-not-sa.
  • 3) In the conditions of the market-night eco-no-mi-ki, the pro-from-water-stven-but-economic activity of firms can be carried out lyat-Xia with the attraction of borrowed funds.
  • 4) The source of fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya pre-admission can be the issuance of shares and their placement on the stock exchange.
  • 5) Fi-nan-si-ro-va-nie at the expense of own funds simplifies the process of taking management decisions according to development -tyu pre-pri-i-tiya.

Answer: 1345

You-be-ri-those true judgments about the source of fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya business-not-sa and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they point-for-us.

  • You-be-ri-those true judgments about the source of fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya business-not-sa and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they point-for-us.

You-be-ri-those true judgments about the source of fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya business-not-sa and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they point-for-us.

  • You-be-ri-those true judgments about the source of fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya business-not-sa and for-pi-shi-those numbers, under someone-ry-mi they point-for-us.
  • 1) The combination of forms and methods of fi-nan-so-in-go provides-pe-che-niya pro-from-water-stvo of goods and services on-zy- wa-yut fi-nan-si-ro-wa-ni-em.
  • 2) Many pre-principles for-in-te-re-co-va-na in the long-term with-involvement of borrowed funds.
  • 3) When you-bo-re sources-toch-no-kov fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya implement-la-et-sya pro-gno-zi-ro-va-nie is possible nyh from me-not-ny in the co-hundred-ve ak-ti-vov and ka-pi-ta-la pre-pri-i-tiya.
  • 4) To external sources of sources fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya biz-not-sa from-but-syat amor-ti-for-qi-on-nye from-number-le -tion.
  • 5) Attracting credits of ras-smat-ri-va-et-sya as an internal source of fi-nan-si-ro-va-niya business -sa.

Let's start by reviewing the results of completing the tasks of the "Law" section of the social science course in 2010.
According to the Analytical report on the results of the USE-2010, almost a third of graduates do not know the main difference between legal norms and moral ones.

Eleventh-graders had difficulty answering questions related to the main functions of the President of the Russian Federation, the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, and the Government of the Russian Federation. The situations connected with administrative responsibility turned out to be difficult.

The graduates experienced the greatest difficulties when performing tasks on the content unit "Organizational and legal forms and the legal regime of entrepreneurial activity."
Weakly coped with tasks on the ability to select the necessary positions from the proposed list, using knowledge of the characteristic features, signs of concepts and phenomena, social objects of a certain class (35% -65%).
Tasks involving the ability to classify concepts, phenomena, social objects by establishing the correspondence between terms and their definitions, concepts and their features, graduates completed in 2010 less successfully than in previous years (25% -50%).

The results of the graduates fulfilling the tasks of the C1-C9 group:
C3 - 30% -35%; C4 - 23% -40%; C5 - 30% -40%; C6 - 16% -25%; C7 - 35% -50%; C8 - 25% -33%.

Let us consider the main provisions of one of the topics that, according to the Analytical report on the results of the Unified State Examination in 2010, caused difficulties for graduates.

Topic: "Organizational and legal forms and legal regime of entrepreneurial activity"

This element was included in the KIM only in 2010. And in some textbooks, questions relating to organizational and legal forms and the legal regime of entrepreneurial activity are very schematically revealed. Graduates can be advised to once again refer to the textbook of social science for grade 11, basic level (authors L.N. Bogolyubov, N.I. Gorodetskaya, A.I. Matveev, etc.).

Main conclusions on the topic

Entrepreneurship is an initiative, independent, carried out on its own behalf, at its own risk, under its property responsibility, the activity of citizens, individuals and legal entities, aimed at the systematic receipt of income, profit from the use of property, the sale of goods, the performance of work, the provision of services.

Entrepreneurship Functions:

1) resource (combination of natural, investment, labor resources into a single whole);
2) organizational (the use by entrepreneurs of their abilities to obtain high income);
3) creative (use of innovation in activities).

Types of entrepreneurship(depending on the content of the activity):

1) production (production of goods, services, information, spiritual values);
2) commercial (operations and transactions for the resale of goods, services; not related to the production of products); 3) financial (a kind of commercial; the object of sale is money, currency, securities);
4) intermediary (connection of parties interested in a mutual transaction);
5) insurance (a form of financial entrepreneurship; the entrepreneur receives an insurance premium, which is returned only upon the occurrence of an insured event).

Principles of legal regulation of entrepreneurship:

1) the principle of free economic activity (Article 34 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation);
2) the principle of supporting fair competition and the inadmissibility of activities, to monopolize the market; 3) the principle of diversity of forms of ownership, their legal equality and equality of their protection (Article 8 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation).

Organizational and legal form of entrepreneurial activity- a set of property and organizational differences, ways of forming the property base, features of the interaction of owners, founders, participants, their responsibility to each other and counterparties. Organizational and legal forms of entrepreneurship:

1) an individual entrepreneur registered without forming a legal entity;
2) partnerships: general partnership, limited partnership;
3) business companies: limited liability companies, additional liability companies, joint-stock companies;
4) production cooperatives;
5) state or municipal unitary enterprises.

And now let's consider the technology for completing tasks that caused the greatest difficulties for last year's graduates.

Task B6. USE in social studies

Task B6 - task of an elevated level to select the necessary positions from the proposed list.

Examples

1. Read the text below with a number of words missing. Choose from the proposed list of words that you want to insert in place of the gaps.

“Under the foundations of the constitutional system are understood the main principles of the state, ensuring its subordination ...... (BUT). The state itself determines the degree of importance of certain ............... (B) constitutional system, so their set in different states is not the same. However, the most important ones are inherent in every state that has a constitutional system. These are: the participation of the people or people's representatives in ............... (AT); priority of human rights and freedoms; separation of powers. Recognition, observance and protection of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen is a duty .................................. (G). Russia is.............. (D) a state whose policy is aimed at creating conditions that ensure a decent life and free development (E)».

The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word (phrase) can only be used once. Choose sequentially one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Note that there are more words in the list than you need to fill in the gaps.

List of terms:

1 person;
2) law;
3) legislation;
4) legal;
5) society;
6) elections;
7) guarantee;
8) state;
9) social.

The table below lists the letters that indicate the omission of a word. Write in the table under each letter the number of the word you have chosen.

BUT B AT G D E
2 7 3 8 4 5

Task C5. USE in social studies

Task C5- task of an increased level to enumerate signs, phenomena or to use a concept in a given context.

There are two models of this task: the first model involves the enumeration of a certain number of given elements (properties, manifestations, etc.), the second model involves the definition of a concept and the compilation of two informative sentences with it, reflecting certain theoretical or actual social science data.

Execution algorithm:
1. Formulate the concept using your knowledge (in different sources and textbooks, the meaning of the concept can be revealed in different ways).
2. Compose two containing information about this social object.
3. The meaning of the concept must be disclosed clearly in clear and correct formulations.
4. Proposals must be made using social science knowledge.

Examples

1. Name any three sources of law that exist in the Russian Federation.

Answer: normative-legal act, normative-legal contract, legal precedent.

2. Name two main features of the subject of law.

Answer: legal capacity, capacity.

3. Name three property rights of spouses.

Answer: the right to property acquired during marriage; the right to personal possession of property that was acquired before marriage; the right to personal possession of property received as a gift or inheritance, both before marriage and during it.

4. Name any three factors that influence a voter's choice during voting.
Answer: the level of income and education of the voter; the influence of the social environment and environment; the position of the media available to him; national, religious, cultural factors.

5. Name any three reasons for the low turnout of voters in elections in a number of leading countries of the world and in Russia.

Answer: low activity may be associated with political stability, lack of intrigue; voters have lost faith in democratic institutions, do not trust the authorities; people are busy with private life and business, there is no interest in politics.

6. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "rule of law"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about the rule of law.

Answer: a rule of law is a generally binding formally defined rule of conduct, established and provided by society and the state, fixed and published in official acts, aimed at regulating public rights and obligations of their participants.

Offers: The legal norm is a measure of freedom of expression and human behavior. The rule of law is in concrete form.

Task C6. USE in social studies

Task C6- a task that involves the disclosure of theoretical provisions on examples.

The type of tasks under consideration are tasks with a free detailed answer of a high level of complexity. The task condition contains an indication of a social object or process and a requirement to illustrate, confirm or reveal any of its aspects or their relationship with the help of examples from social life.

The tasks of two models are most often used: “explain by example” (first model) or “illustrate by examples” (second model).

The first model of task C6 contains the requirement to reveal any theoretical position on specific examples. This model does not unfold before the examinee the requirements for specific “steps” for completing tasks; it is more difficult to complete.

The second model can be formulated in several ways: “Name ... and illustrate with an example”, “Give a position with an appropriate example”, “Name and give an appropriate example”.

Examples

1. Expand on three examples the activities of the prosecutor's office to protect the rights of citizens.

Answer: Supervises the implementation of laws by state authorities. Monitors compliance with the law in the investigation of crimes by the investigating authorities. It has the right to cancel illegal and unreasonable decisions of investigators and persons conducting inquiries. It has the right to prosecute officials who have violated the rights of citizens. It has the right to initiate criminal cases against officials based on complaints from citizens.

2. Expand on three examples the activities of the bar to protect the rights of citizens.

Answer: During a criminal trial, a lawyer defends the rights of citizens accused of committing a crime. The lawyer represents the interests of the client in court. The lawyer participates as a representative of the parties in the Constitutional Court. Lawyers provide advice and explanations, oral and written information on legal issues. Lawyers draw up legal documents.

3. Name any three legal relations regulated by civil law and illustrate each of them with an example from everyday life.

Answer: Relationships: purchase and sale (buying a car), rent (renting an apartment), inheritance (inheritance of copyright).

4. Name any three legal relations regulated by administrative law and illustrate each of them with an example from everyday life.

Answer: Crossing the street at a red traffic light. Swimming in a prohibited place for swimming. Walking a dog without a muzzle.

Task C7. USE in social studies

Task C7- a task-task containing a condition in the form of a situation or statement and questions (prescriptions) to it.

This is a task of a high level of complexity, requiring the analysis of the information presented, including statistical and graphical information, the formulation and argumentation of independent evaluative as well as prognostic judgments, explanations, and conclusions.

Examples

1. Your friend is running in a single-mandate district for deputies of the State Duma. 48% of voters in this constituency voted for him, while his competitors received 31% and 21%, respectively. Can you congratulate him on his election? Give two arguments.

Answer: He can be congratulated on his election, as it is said that he won in a single-mandate constituency, the elections were carried out according to the majoritarian system.

2. In the election of deputies to a representative body of power in one of the electoral districts, there was a struggle between three candidates. One of them got 42% of the votes and became the winner. What electoral system was used for elections? Give two arguments.

Answer: Elections were carried out according to the majoritarian system. Arguments: elections by constituencies belong to the majoritarian electoral system, with the majoritarian system, the candidate who wins the majority of votes can win.

4. An adult citizen came to the polling station on voting day, but a member of the election commission did not find his name in the voter lists. What should a citizen do in this case: leave without voting, or demand that his name be included in the additional list of voters? Give two explanations for your answer.

Answer: A citizen should demand that his name be included in the additional list of voters, since participation in elections is the right of a citizen; Participation in elections is a manifestation of civic responsibility.

P.S. This concludes the course “Social Studies. USE - 2011".
I wish success to all graduates in their exams!

When compiling the article, materials were used:
1. Analytical report on the results of the USE 2010. Social science. www.fipi.ru/view/sections/138/docs/522.html
2. Codifier of content elements and requirements for the level of training of graduates of educational institutions for the 2011 unified state exam in social science.
3. FBTZ open segment - www.fipi.ru
4. Social science. Grade 11: textbook for educational institutions: profile level / (L.N. Bogolyubov, A.N. Lazebnikova, N.M. Smirnova and others.); ed. L. N. Bogolyubova (and others) M .: "Enlightenment". - 4th ed. - M. : Enlightenment, 2010.

1 in.

Petka was very afraid to go into the water (1) but (2) when (3) he entered (4) he did not want to get out of it (5) and pretended (6) that he was swimming. (L. Andreev)

1) 1,3,6 2) 1,2,3,6 3) 1,4,6 4) 1,2,3,4,6

2. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

From the weight of Senka's body, the tree fell lower and lower (1) and (2) when (3) Vanin reached the middle (4) it swayed, slipping out from under the scout's feet. (M. Alekseev)

1) 1,2,3,4 2) 1,2,4 3) 2,3,4 4) 1,3,4

3. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

We threw the cast-iron core to the ground at the very porch (1) and (2) when we began to say goodbye to our teacher (3) he promised to take us to the underground passage (4) which begins near the fortress. (V. Belyaev)

1) 1,4 2) 2,3,4 3) 1,2,3,4 4) 1,3,4

4. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Ryzhov was an enterprising and economic person (1) and (2) although (3) at the plant many did not tolerate him (4) in the shop, workers and engineers loved and respected him. (N. Davydova)

1) 1,2,3,4 2) 1,3,4 3) 1,2,4 4) 1,2

5. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

The director, with a casual question, made it clear (1) that his subordinates go on business trips to distant countries (2) and (3) although now minor internal economic issues will be discussed here (4) the big world is open to them. (N. Davydova)

1) 1,3,4 2) 1,2,4 3) 1,2,3,4 4) 2,3,4

6. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Shishakov spoke sedately (1) and (2) although Volodin had not yet turned around and did not see him (3) from the rustle of the newspaper being torn off and from that unfriendly tone (4) in which the sergeant

words (5) realized (6) that the old man is in a bad mood today. (A. Ananiev)

1) 1,2,4,5 2) 1,4,5,6 3) 1,3,5,6 4) 1,2,3,4,5,6

7. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Ryumin appointed the performance at two in the morning (1) and (2) from whatever direction he brought the company to the invisible village (3) and (4) no matter how many Germans there were (5) they were all doomed to death (6 ) because the cadets could not provide them with captivity under these conditions. (K.Vorobiev)

1) 1,3,4,5,6 2) 2,4,5 3) 3,4,5,6 4) 1,2,5,6

8. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Misha lay and thought about (1) where Igor and Seva could have gone (2) and (3) what to do (4) if they were not in Moscow tomorrow. (A. Rybakov)

1) 1,3 2) 1,4 3) 1,2,4 4) 1,3,4

9. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

The paths of our garden are densely covered with light white petals falling from the trees (1) and (2) when the wind rises (3) it seems (4) as if snow is slowly falling from the trees to the ground in large flakes. (A. Kuprin)

1) 1,2,4 2) 1,3,4 3) 2,3,4 4) 1,4

10. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

We also didn’t find a machine gun (1) and (2) if my grandmother found out about this (3) she would say (4) that God kept us. (A. Kuznetsov)

1) 1,2,3,4 2) 2,3,4 3) 1,3,4 4) 1,2,4

Punctuation marks in complex sentences with different types of communication. Grade 11.

2 in.

1. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

The wood was brought to the river at night (1) and (2) when the white fog wrapped the banks (3) all eight companies laid boards (4) on the wreckage of bridges.

1) 1,3,4 2) 1,4 3) 2,3 4) 1,2,3

2. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

It turned out (1) that the manuscript had not yet been finally edited (2) and that (3) until additional work was done (4) it was impossible to hand it over to the printing house.

1) 1 2) 2,3 3) 1,3,4 4) 1,2,3,4

3. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

It was time to leave (1) and (2) when buses came for us from the city (3) we realized (4) how sorry it is to leave the lake.

1) 1,3 2) 2,3 3) 1,4 4) 1,2,3,4

4. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

A few hours later (1) Ivan became exhausted (2) and (3) when he realized (4) that he could not cope with the papers (5) he wept quietly and bitterly.

1) 1,4,5 2) 2,3,5 3) 3,4,5 4) 1,4

5. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

In the spring of that year, I graduated from the Lyceum (1) and (2) when I arrived from Moscow (3) I was simply amazed (4) how our gloomy house had changed.

1) 1,4 2) 1,2,3,4 3) 3 4) 2,3,4

6. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

A variety of ideas crowded in the imagination (1) and (2) if the writer, by an effort of will, forced himself to stop at one thing (3), then he again forgot (4) what the beginning should be.

1) 1,2,3,4 2) 1,3 3) 1,3,4 4) 2,4

7. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Mitya often simply admired his sister (1) and (2) even when he had to listen to her complaints that (3) that she did not look good after night shifts in the hospital (4) Lyubasha seemed to him the most beautiful.

1) 1,2,4 2) 1,2,3,4 3) 1,3 4) 3,4

8. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

In the evening it began to rain (1) and (2) while we were driving along the country road (3) the horses barely crossed (4) as if they had lost their last strength.

1) 1,3 2) 2,3 3) 3,4 4) 1,2,3,4

9. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Everyone loved me (1) and (2) although I was immensely naughty (3) I was forgiven everything (4) no matter what I did.

1) 1,3,4 2) 2,3 3) 1,2,4 4) 1,2,3,4

10. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

In the parental home, everything was as before (1) and (2) if Volodya seemed to have narrowed the home space (3) then this is only because (4) that during the years of absence he had matured and grown a lot.

1) 1,2,4 2) 1,3 3) 1,3,4 4) 2,3,4

Answers to the task.

1 in.

1. 3 6. 4

2. 2 7. 4

3. 3 8. 2

4. 3 9. 2

5. 3 10. 1

2 in.

1. 4 6. 3

2. 3 7. 2

3. 4 8. 4

4. 3 9. 4

Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) that should be replaced by a comma(s) in the sentence.

In the parental home, everything was as before (1) and (2) if Volodya seemed to have narrowed the home space (3) then this is only because (4) that during the years of absence he had matured and grown a lot.

Explanation (see also Rule below).

Here is the correct spelling.

In the parental home, everything was the same, and if Volodya seemed to have narrowed the home space, it was only because during the years of absence he had matured and grown a lot.

Comma 1 separates the sentences “Everything was the same in the parental home” and “if Volodya seemed to have narrowed the home space.”

Commas 3 and 4 are placed before the adjectives "it's only because" and "that over the years of absence he has matured and grown a lot."

Commas should be in places 1, 3 and 4.

Answer: 134

Rule: Task 20. Punctuation marks in a sentence with different types of communication

TASK 20 USE. PUNCUNCATION IN A SENTENCE WITH DIFFERENT CONNECTIONS

In task 20, students should be able to punctuate a complex sentence consisting of 3-5 simple ones.

This most difficult task tests the graduate's ability to put into practice the following knowledge:

1) at the level of a simple sentence:

Understanding that there is no proposal without a basis;

Knowledge of the features of the basis of one-part sentences (impersonal, etc.)

Understanding that in a simple sentence there can be homogeneous predicates and subjects, punctuation marks between which are placed according to the rules of homogeneous members.

2) at the level of a complex sentence:

The ability to determine the main and subordinate clauses in the composition of the NGN on the issue;

The ability to see unions (allied words) in a subordinate clause;

The ability to see index words in the main

The ability to see homogeneous subordinate clauses, in which punctuation marks are placed in the same way as in homogeneous members.

3) at the level of a compound sentence:

The ability to see parts of the SSP and separate them with a comma. There is no common secondary term in this task.

4) at the level of the entire proposal as a whole:

The ability to see those places in a sentence in which two unions met: there may be two subordinating or coordinating and subordinating.

Let's collect all the basic punctuation rules that are important when completing a task and number them for convenience.

BP 6

If in a complex sentence there are coordinating and subordinating conjunctions (AND AND ALTHOUGH, AND AND HOW, AND AND IF, BUT AND WHEN, AND AND TO, etc.), then you need to find out if there are correlative words THEN, SO or one more coordinating union (A, BUT, HOWEVER, etc.). A comma is placed only when these words are absent after the subordinate clause. For example:

[Curtain rose], and, (as soon as the audience saw their favorite), [the theater trembled with applause and enthusiastic shouts]

Compare:

[Curtain rose], and (as soon as the audience saw their favorite), So the theater trembled with applause and enthusiastic cries].

and (although her words were familiar to Saburov), [they suddenly made her heart ache].

[The woman kept talking and talking about her misfortunes], and (although her words were familiar to Saburov), but[Suddenly my heart sank.]

As you can see, rules 5 and 6 are very similar: we choose either to write TO (BUT ...), or to put a comma.

Consider sentences from the RESHUEGE database and the algorithm for working on a sentence.

[argue](1) what? ( what Brazilian carnivals delight and fascinate)(2) and(3) (when(4) when? then did you see for yourself (5) what? ( how much eyewitnesses were right).

1. Highlight the basics.

1- Approve (one-part, predicate)

2- carnivals delight and fascinate

3 - we saw

4- make sure yourself

5- eyewitnesses are right

2. We highlight unions and correlative words. We draw attention to the fact that AND and WHEN stand nearby and that there is THAT.

3. We mark subordinate clauses: we take all sentences in which there are subordinate conjunctions in parentheses.

(what Brazilian carnivals delight and fascinate)

(when we first saw its unique bright beauty)

(how much eyewitnesses were right).

4. We establish which main clauses belong to. To do this, we put questions from the main to the alleged subordinate clauses.

[Affirm] what? ( what Brazilian carnivals delight and fascinate). 1 component found. Comma 1 is placed according to the rule 4 [ = ], (which is = and =).

There are two subordinate clauses and one without a subordinating union. We check whether it is possible to put questions from him.

[then themselves convinced] when? ( when we first saw its unique bright beauty)

[were convinced] of what? ( how much eyewitnesses were right). The second component is found. Commas 4 and 5 are placed according to rule 4.

(when - =), [then- =], (as far as - =) Two different subordinate clauses to one main, the subordinate tense very often comes BEFORE the main.

1 and 2 components are connected by a coordinating conjunction AND into one compound sentence. This is comma 2.

Scheme: |[ = ], (what- = and =)|, and |(when - =), [then- = ], (how much - =)|

It remains to find out if a comma is needed 3. Between AND and WHEN, according to rule 6, a comma is not needed, since after the subordinate clause there is TO.

\ The documents \ For a teacher of Russian language and literature

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The test task in the Russian language was prepared by: Pakhova Natalya Ivanovna, teacher of the Russian language and literature, MBOU OG No. 25, Arkhangelsk, email: [email protected]

Each question can have 1 correct answer.

A1. Specify the correct explanation of punctuation in the sentence

A fiery thread () flashed, and the dense mixed forest instantly lit up with the light of a bright red flame.

A2. Specify the correct explanation of punctuation in the sentence

Leonardo da Vinci in "The Dispute of the Painter with the Poet" argued the advantages of painting over poetry () and many contemporaries shared his point of view.

  1. A simple sentence with homogeneous members, before the union And no comma is needed.
  2. A complex sentence, before the union And a comma is needed.
  3. A complex sentence, before the union AND, a comma is not needed.
  4. A simple sentence with homogeneous members, before the union And a comma is needed.

A3. Specify the correct explanation of punctuation in the sentence

There were frosty matinees () and a snowy footprint was clearly printed on the pale grass.

  1. A simple sentence with homogeneous members, before the union And no comma is needed.
  2. A complex sentence, before the union AND, a comma is not needed.
  3. A complex sentence, before the union And a comma is needed.
  4. A simple sentence with homogeneous members, before the union And a comma is needed.

A4. Specify the correct explanation of punctuation in the sentence

Silence in the forest () and among silence - only the voice of the cuckoo.

  1. A simple sentence with homogeneous members, before the union And no comma is needed.
  2. A complex sentence, before the union AND, a comma is not needed.
  3. A simple sentence with homogeneous members, before the union And a comma is needed.
  4. A complex sentence, before the union And a comma is needed.

A5. Specify the correct explanation of punctuation in the sentence

Life for an indifferent person quickly loses colors () and he is left alone with his well-being.

  1. A simple sentence with homogeneous members, before the union And no comma is needed.
  2. A complex sentence, before the union AND, a comma is not needed.
  3. A complex sentence, before the union And a comma is needed.
  4. A simple sentence with homogeneous members, before the union And a comma is needed.

A6. Specify the correct explanation of punctuation in the sentence

The light of the moon has already faded () and dampness has wafted in the air.

  1. A simple sentence with homogeneous members, before the union And no comma is needed.
  2. A complex sentence, before the union AND, a comma is not needed.
  3. A simple sentence with homogeneous members, before the union And a comma is needed.
  4. A complex sentence, before the union And a comma is needed.

A7. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

For a long time (1) whales (2) to observe (3) which (4) were previously managed by a few (5) were considered fish.

  1. 2,3,4

A8. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Animal thinking (1) provides the ability to immediately respond correctly to a new situation (2) to resolve (3) which (4) there is no ready-made solution.

A9. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

In "Dead Souls" (1) Gogol followed the principles of that critical direction (2) which (3) he himself gave in one of the chapters of the poem.

A10. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Biologists (1) each of which (2) studies a certain group of marine organisms (3) go to the ocean on huge research vessels.

A11. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Any plant or garden sculpture (1) unusual shape (2) which (3) strikes the imagination (4) attracts the attention of visitors.

A12. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Mitya often simply admired his sister (1) and (2) even when he had to listen to her complaints that (3) that she did not look good after night shifts in the hospital (4) Lyubasha seemed beautiful to him.

  1. 1,2,4
  2. 1,2,3,4

A13. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

Polina went out to the guests on the open veranda (1) and (2) while the ladies enthusiastically expressed admiration for her elegant outfit (3) she thought about (4) how nice it would be to be away from this boring empty fuss.

  1. 1,2,3,4
  2. 1,3,4

A14. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

In the parental home, everything was as before (1) and (2) if Volodya seemed to have narrowed the home space (3), then this was only from the fact (4) that during the years of absence he had matured and grown a lot.

  1. 1,2,3,4
  2. 1,3,4
  3. 2,3,4

A15. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

According to the calendar, we arrived in Boldino at the same time as the poet (1), but (2) if we take into account the difference between the new and the old style (3), then ten days earlier (4) and green still reigned everywhere in nature.

  1. 1,2,3
  2. 1,2,3,4
  3. 1,3,4

A16. Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?

In any role, a talented actor feels free and natural (1) and (2) when he expresses the character of his hero on stage (3) he usually comes to the full feeling (4) that he is the same hero.

  1. 1,2,3,4
  2. 1,3,4

A17. The colon at the place of the gap must be put in the sentence

  1. There was no money left _ I went to the civil service.
  2. Only now I noticed _ in our yard lemons and oranges are fragrantly blooming, and the sea is fragrant better than all the fragrances in the world.
  3. In exchange for wool, cattle, barley, they received cedar wood, semi-precious stones, mother-of-pearl, gold.

A18. Someone else's speech is incorrectly framed in a sentence

  1. "It's excruciating!" - the artist gritted through his teeth and jumped up.
  2. Goethe once said that there are books from which "you can learn about everything and understand nothing."
  3. According to the artist Karl Bryullov: "Art begins where it begins a little."

A19. The colon at the place of the gap must be put in the sentence

  1. A number of coincidences, which cannot be called accidental, convinced _ the remains found belong to the ancient Greek war.
  2. Among the public buildings stood out the famous basilica _ where there was a court and a shopping center.

3. Five minutes have passed a long time ago _ no gateway was visible.

A20. Which sentence contains a dash? (no punctuation marks).

  1. You are like a dove.
  2. In everything, winter was already felt in the short day, light frost.
  3. The Yakut horse is undemanding.
  4. We will reach the place to rest.

Test task in Russian on the topic: "Punctuation marks in a complex sentence"

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