Independent work on thermal phenomena.
No. 1. The figure shows a graph of the dependence of the temperature of a solid body on the amount of heat given off by it. Body weight 4 kg. What is the specific heat capacity of the substance of this body?
№2.Some aluminum was placed in the furnace. A diagram of aluminum temperature changes over time is shown in the figure. The furnace at a constant heating power transfers 1 kJ of heat to aluminum per minute. How much heat was required to melt aluminum, already heated to its melting temperature? Express your answer in kJ.
№3.How much heat is needed to heat 100 g of lead from 300 K to 320 K? (Give your answer in joules. The specific heat capacity of lead is 130 J / (kg K).)
№4.The dependence of the temperature of the initially liquid silver on the amount of heat released by it is shown in the figure. How much heat is released during the crystallization of silver? The process under consideration proceeds at constant pressure. Express your answer in kJ.
№5. The solid body cools down. The figure shows a graph of the dependence of body temperature on the amount of heat given off by it. The specific heat capacity of the body is 500 J/(kgK). What is the body weight? (Give your answer in kilograms.)
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Heat capacity, heat of fusion, heat of vaporization
1.
Dependence of the temperature of 0.2 kg of initially gaseous substance on the amount of released
their heat is shown in the figure. The process under consideration proceeds at constant pressure. What is
What is the specific heat of vaporization of this substance? Express your answer in kJ/kg.
2.
The figure shows a graph of the dependence of the temperature of a solid
from the amount of heat given to them. Body weight 4 kg. What is the specific
Some aluminum was placed in the furnace. Diagram of aluminum temperature change with
over time is shown in the figure. Furnace at constant heating power transfers aluminum
1 kJ of heat per minute. How much heat is required to melt aluminum
heated to its melting point? Express your answer in kJ.
The temperature of a copper sample weighing 100 g increased from 20°C to 60°C. How much heat
got a sample? (Give the answer in joules. Consider the specific heat capacity of copper equal to
How much heat is needed to heat 100 g of lead from 300 K to 320 K? (Answer in
joules. The specific heat capacity of lead is 130 J/(kg K).)
8.
4.
heat capacity of the substance of this body? Give your answer in J/(kg K).
Dependence of the temperature of initially liquid silver on the amount of heat released by it
shown in the figure. How much heat is released during the crystallization of silver?
The process under consideration proceeds at constant pressure. Express your answer in kJ.
5.
9.
The figure shows the dependence of the solid body temperature on
the amount of heat they receive. Body weight 2 kg. What is the specific
heat capacity of the substance of this body? Give your answer in J/(kg K).
To heat 96 g of molybdenum by 1 K, you need to transfer to it an amount of heat equal to 24 J. What
What is the specific heat capacity of this substance? Give your answer in J/(kg K).
10.
How much heat is needed to melt 2.5 tons of steel, taken at a temperature
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Melting? Specific heat of fusion of steel
express in MJ.
Ignore heat losses. Answer
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18.
vaporization of the substance of which this body is composed? Give your answer in kJ/kg.
11.
In the figure, the image shows the dependence of body temperature on
the amount of heat supplied to it. Specific heat capacity of a substance
of this body is 500 J/(kg K). What is the body weight? (Answer in
kilograms.)
12.
Determine what the mass ratio should be
Iron and aluminum bodies, so that when
Receiving the same amount of heat, they heated up by the same number of degrees.
The specific heat capacity of iron is 460 J/(kg K), aluminum is 900 J/(kg K). (Round your answer to the nearest integer.)
13.
Round to the nearest tenth.) The specific heat capacity of iron is 460 J/(kg K), aluminum is 900 J/(kg K).
14.
Aluminum and iron cylinders of the same mass are given the same number of
warmth. Determine the approximate ratio of temperature changes of these cylinders
19.
The figure shows the dependence of the amount of heat Q imparted to a body with a mass of 2 kg, initially
which was in a solid state, on the temperature t of this body. What is the specific heat
melting the substance of which this body is composed? Give your answer in kJ/kg.
Round up to integers.) The specific heat capacity of iron is 460 J/(kg K), aluminum is 900 J/(kg K).
15.
Aluminum and iron cylinders were given the same amount of heat, resulting in
an increase in the temperature of the cylinders, and an increase in the temperature of the aluminum cylinder
turned out to be 2 times more than iron:
Determine the mass ratio of these cylinders
(Answer
round up
Specific
Heat capacity
J/(kg K),
Aluminum - 900 J/(kg K).
16.
What amount of heat is needed to heat a lead part weighing 30 g from 25 ° C to 125
°C? (Give your answer in joules.) The specific heat capacity of lead is 130 J/(kg °C).
17.
The figure shows a graph of the dependence of the temperature of a solid on
the amount of heat given to them. Body weight 4 kg. What is the specific
heat capacity of the substance of this body? Give your answer in J/(kg K).
20.
The solid body cools down. The figure shows a dependency graph
body temperature from the amount of heat given to them. Specific heat
body 500 J/(kg K). What is the body weight? (Give your answer in kilograms.)
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To melt a piece of ice at its temperature
melting requires an amount of heat equal to 3 kJ.
This piece of ice was brought into a warm room. Addiction
ice temperature versus time is shown in the figure.
Determine the average thermal power supplied to
piece of ice in the process of melting. (Give your answer in watts.)
21.
monatomic gas in process 1−2 shown in the figure?
Express your answer in kilojoules and round to the nearest tenth.
22.
How much heat is imparted to two moles of ideal
monatomic gas in process 1−2 shown in the figure? Answer
express in kilojoules and round to the nearest tenth.
23.
A metal sample, which is in a solid state, was placed in an electric furnace and started
heat. The figure shows a graph of the dependence of the temperature t of this sample on time
It is known that the heating of the sample from the initial temperature to the melting temperature was
the amount of heat spent is 0.4 MJ. What is the mass of the sample if its specific heat of fusion is
equal to 25 kJ/kg? The heat loss is negligible.
Option 33 Part 1 A1
Option 34 Part 1 A1
Option 36 Part 1 A1
Option 41 Part 1 A1
Option 42 Part 1 A1
Option 44 Part 1 A1
Option 46 Part 1 A1
Option 47 Part 1
Option 49 Part 1 A1
Option 56 Part 1 A1
Option 58 Part 1 A1
Option 59 Part 1 A1
A1 A ball on a thread rotates in a circle with a radius of 0.15 m in a horizontal plane, making 100 revolutions in 90 s (see figure). The path traveled by the ball during this time is approximately equal to 1) 628m 2) 15m 3) 94m 4) 85m A2
Instructions for performing the work 3.5 hours (210 minutes) are allotted to complete the examination paper in physics. The work consists of 3 parts, including 40 tasks
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Option 49 Part 1
A1. A ball is thrown vertically downwards from a certain height with an initial velocity of 1 m/s. Neglecting air resistance, the ball's speed 0.6 s after being thrown is: 1) 1 m/s 2) 5 m/s 3) 6 m/s 4) 7 m/s.
A2. The body moves under the action of a constant force. The figure shows a graph of the speed v versus time t. Body weight 2 kg. The force acting on the body is 1) 1N 2) 2N 3) 6N 4) 4N
A3. A body of mass 4 kg lies on an inclined plane making an angle of 30° with the horizontal. The static friction coefficient is 0.7. The friction force acting on the body is 1) 14 N 2) 20 N 3) 28 N 4) 40 N.
A4. A pine bar with a volume of 0.06 m 3 floats in water, immersed by 0.4 of its volume. A buoyant force acting on the beam is equal to
1)96N 2)240N 3)600N 4) 24 kN
A5. With the help of a fixed block, a load of 180 kg is lifted on a rope at a constant speed. What is the efficiency of the block if the other end of the rope is pulled with a force of 2000 N? It is useful to consider that part of the work that went to increase the potential energy of the load. 1) 9% 2) 10% 3) 45% 4) 90%
A6. If the length of a mathematical pendulum is reduced by 4 times, then the period of its harmonic oscillations 1) will increase by 4 times 2) will increase by 2 times
3) decrease by 4 times 4) decrease by 2 times
A7. A constant force begins to act on a body at rest with a mass of 5 kg. What should be the impulse of this force in order for the speed of the body to increase to 2 m/s?
1) 0.4 Ns 2) 2.5 Ns 3) 10 Ns 4) 20 Ns
A8. The gas temperature is 250 K. The average kinetic energy of the chaotic motion of gas molecules in this case is 1)-5 10 -22 J 2) 2 10 -21 J 3) 5 10 -21 J 4) 5 10 -22 J
A9. Body A is in thermal equilibrium with body C, and body B not located in thermal equilibrium with body C. Find the correct statement 1) the temperatures of bodies A and B are the same 2) bodies C and B have equal temperatures 3) bodies A and B will be in thermal equilibrium 4) the temperatures of bodies A and B are different.
BUT 
10.
2 moles of neon and 3 moles of argon are in different vessels at the same temperature. The ratio of the internal energies of these gases Е Ne /Е А r is equal to 1) 3/2 2) 4/3 3) 2/3 4) 1/3.
A
11
. The dependence of the temperature of the initially liquid silver on the amount of 1 m of heat released is shown in the figure. How much heat is released during the crystallization of silver? 1) 2kJ 2) 6kJ 3) 8kJ 4) 10 kJ.
A12 . The PV diagram shows the process of changing the state of an ideal monatomic gas. External forces have done work equal to 5 kJ. The amount of heat given off by the gas in this process is 1) 0kJ 2) 4kJ 3) 5kJ 4) 10kJ
A13. In a sealed vessel with rigid walls, saturated steam and a small amount of water are in thermal equilibrium. The temperature in the vessel was slowly increased by 2 times so that the steam remained saturated. How has the steam pressure changed? 1) increased by more than 2 times 2) increased by 2 times 3) decreased by 2 times 4) did not change
BUT 
14
. The figure shows the location of two fixed point electric charges + 2 q and - q. At which of the three points - A, B or C is the value of the modulus of the electric field strength vector of these charges maximum? 1) at point A 2) at point B 3) at point C 4) at all three points, the modulus of tension is the same.
A15 The figure shows a solitary conducting hollow sphere. 1-area of the cavity, II-region of the conductor, III-area outside the conductor. The ball was given a negative charge. In what areas of space is the electric field strength created by the ball different from zero? 1) only in 1 2) only in II 3) only in III 4) in I and II
A16 How will the charge passing through the cross section of the conductor change if the current strength decreases by 2 times, and the current flow time in the conductor increases by 2 times? 1) will increase by 2 times 2) will increase by 4 times 3) will decrease by 4 times 4) will not change.
BUT 
17
The electrical circuit consists of a current source with an EMF equal to 10 V and an internal resistance of 1 ohm, a resistor with a resistance of 4 ohms. The current in the circuit is 1) 2A 2) 2.5A 3) 40A 4) 50 A
A18 A square wire frame is placed in a uniform magnetic field as shown in the figure. The direction of the current in the frame is shown by arrows. closer side to us av. Vector B lies in the plane of the figure and is perpendicular to the plane of the frame. What is the direction of the force acting on the side da framework?
1) opposite to the direction of the current 2) along the direction of the current 3) vertically up in the plane of the drawing 4) vertically down in the plane of the drawing
BUT 
19
A uniform magnetic field has been created in a certain region of space (see Fig. 1). The boundary AC of the magnetic field is crossed by two conducting frames with the same constant speed, directed along the plane of the frame and perpendicular to the lines of magnetic field induction. EMF of induction generated within frames 1 and 2 while crossing the boundary of the AU, are related as 1) 1: 4 2) 1: 2 3) 1:1 4) 2: 1
A20. A negatively charged particle loses several electrons when interacting with another particle. In this case, the absolute value of the charge of the particle 1) increased 2) did not change 3) decreased 4) the answer is ambiguous
A21 Two resistors of the same length are connected in series in a circuit, and both the resistivity and the cross-sectional area of the first are 3 times greater than those of the second. Compared to the second resistor, the first one releases power 1) 9 times more 2) 3 times more 3) the same 4) 9 times less
A22 The simplest film projection apparatus may have a converging lens as a lens. When projecting a film frame on the screen, an image is formed real, 1) inverted and enlarged 2) upright and reduced 3) upright and enlarged 4) inverted and reduced
A23 In the periodic table, the chemical element neon is in tenth place. Next to the symbol Ne is the number "20.179". The Ne atom contains
1) 10 protons, 20 neutrons, 30 electrons 2) 20 protons, 10 neutrons, 0 electrons 3) 10 protons, 10 neutrons, 10 electrons 4) 10 protons, 10 neutrons, 20 electrons
A24 Between two oppositely charged plates, various particles fly in with the same speed V, directed parallel to the plates: a proton, an electron, a γ-quantum, an α-particle. The time of falling onto one of the plates is the smallest for 1) proton 2) electron
3)γ – quantum 4)α – particles
A25. As a result of a - decay, the nucleus of the gold isotope 79 179 Au turns into the nucleus 1) 77 175 Ig 2) 75 177 Re 3) 79 178 Au 4) 80 179 Hg
A26. A small load attached by a light spring of stiffness k = 100 N/m to a fixed point moves along a circle of radius R = 40 cm with a constant modulo velocity υ = 2 m/s, sliding along a smooth horizontal surface. The radius of the circle is twice the length of the spring in the unstretched state. What is the weight of the cargo? 1)1 kg 2)2 kg 3)4 kg 4)8 kg
A27. A car moving with the engine off on a horizontal section of the road has a speed of 30 m/s. Then the car began to move up the slope of the mountain, forming 30 ° with the horizon. How far must he go down the slope so that his speed decreases to 20 m/s? Ignore friction. 1) 12.5 m 2) 25 m 3) 50 m 4) 100 m.
A28. At a temperature of 200 K and a pressure of 1.66·10 5 Pa, the gas density is 2.4 kg/m 3 . The molar mass of this gas is 1) 3.6 10 -3 kg / mol 2) 230 kg / mol 3) 24 10 -3 kg / mol 4) 0.24 10 5 kg / mol
BUT 
29.
The current in the coil of the oscillatory circuit during free oscillations changes according to the law I \u003d 10 sin (10 3 t), where all quantities are expressed in SI. Capacitor capacitance 10 uF. The maximum energy of the electric field of the capacitor is 1) 0.02 J 2) 2 J 3) 5 J 4) 500 J
BUT 
30
A proton flying past a bar magnet (at the moment shown in the figure) has a speed directed perpendicular to the figure from us. In this case, the acceleration vector of the particle is directed towards 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D
Part 2
IN 1. A weightless rod placed in a box with a smooth bottom and walls makes an angle of 45° with the vertical (see Fig. 1). A weight of 1 kg is suspended from the middle of the rod. What is the modulus of the elastic force N acting on the rod from the left side of the box?
IN 2. A body weighing 200 g, heated to a temperature of 100°C, was lowered into a calorimeter beaker containing 90 g of water. The initial temperature of the water and glass was 30°C. After the establishment of thermal equilibrium, the temperature of the body and water in the calorimeter became equal to 37°C. What is the specific heat capacity of the substance of the investigated body? o express in J/kg K. Ignore the heat capacity of the calorimeter.
AT 3. An ion whose charge is equal to the elementary charge moves in a uniform magnetic field. The radius of the arc along which the ion moves is 10 -3 m. The momentum of the ion is 24·10 -23 kg·m/s. What is the induction of the magnetic field? Round your answer to tenths.
AT 4. The actual image of an object obtained with a lens has twice the linear size of the object itself. The optical power of the lens is 0.3 diopters. How far is the object from the lens?
Part 3
FROM 
1
. A piece of plasticine collides with a bar sliding towards the horizontal surface of the table and sticks to it. The velocities of plasticine and the bar before impact are directed oppositely and are equal to υ pl = 15 m/s and υ br = 5 m/s. The mass of the bar is 4 times the mass of plasticine. The coefficient of sliding friction between the bar and the table is μ = 0.17. How far will the sticky blocks with plasticine move by the moment when their speed decreases by 30%?
FROM 
2.
An ideal monatomic gas in an amount of 1 mol first expanded isothermally (T 1 = 300 K). Then the gas was heated isobarically, increasing the temperature by 1.5 times (see Fig. 1). How much heat was received by the gas in section 2 - 3?
FROM 
Z. Two series-connected galvanic cells with the same EMF (see figure) are closed to parallel-connected resistors, the resistances of which are r 1 = 3 ohms, R 2 = 6 ohms. The internal resistance of the first element g 1 \u003d 0.8 Ohm. What is the internal resistance g 2
second element, if the voltage at its terminals is zero?
C4. A bar of mass 1 kg applied to a vertical surface is acted upon with a force F directed at an angle a = 30° to the vertical. At what minimum force F will the bar with an initial zero velocity begin to move upwards?
C5. A sample weighing m = 1g containing radium emits 3.7·10 10 α particles in 1 s with a speed υ = 1.5·10 7 m/s. What is the mass M of a sample with the same concentration of radium, in which the energy E = 1000 J is released for 1? Ignore the recoil energy of nuclei, γ - radiation and relativistic effects.
C6. Electrons accelerated to energy W = 1000 eV fly into the middle of the gap between the plates of a flat capacitor parallel to the plates. The distance between the capacitor plates is d = I cm, their length is L = 10 cm. What is the smallest voltage Umin that must be applied to the capacitor plates so that the electrons do not fly out of it? Single state exam 2005. PHYSICS. Grade 10. (49)
4) for substances 1, 3 and 4
1.111
The figure shows a graph of absolute temperature T mass of water t from
time t
when heated on a stove with constant power R. At the point in time t
=
0 water was in a solid state. Which of the following expressions determines the specific heat capacity of water based on the results of this experiment?
1) 2) 3) . 4)
1.112
The diagram for two substances shows the values of the amount of heat required to heat 1 kg of a substance by 10 ° C and to melt 100 g of a substance heated to the melting point. Compare specific heat of fusion (
)
two substances. 
1) 2 = 1 2) 2 = 1,5 1 3) 2 = 2 1 4) 2 = 3 1
1.113 When removing from a substance in a crystalline state, the amount of heat Q at constant temperature T mass transfer occurs t from solid to liquid state. What expression determines the specific heat of fusion of this substance?
1) . 2) . 3) . 4) .
1.114 The diagram for two substances shows the values of the amount of heat required to heat 1 kg of a substance by 10 ° C and to melt 100 g of a substance heated to the melting point. Compare the specific heat capacities (c) of the two substances.
2) s 2 = 1.5 s 1
3) s 2 = 2 s 1
4) s 2 = 3 s 1
1.115
The figure shows a graph of temperature versus time for the ice heating process. The ice melting process corresponds to the section of the graph 
1.116 Using the condition and the figure for problem 1.115, determine which section of the graph corresponds to the process of heating water.
1.117 The figure shows a graph of the dependence of the temperature of alcohol on time when it is heated and then cooled. Initially, alcohol was in a liquid state. Which section of the graph corresponds to the process of boiling alcohol?
1) 1-2 2) 2-3 3) 3-4 4) 4-5
1.118 Using the condition and figure for problem 1.117, determine: what point on the graph corresponds to the end of the boiling process of alcohol?
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
1.119 The figure shows a graph of alcohol temperature versus time. Initially, alcohol was in a gaseous state. Which point on the graph corresponds to the beginning of the alcohol condensation process?
1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D
1.120
Snow was poured into the kettle and placed on an electric stove. The hob transmits an average of 250 joules of energy per minute to the pot. A diagram of the change in snow temperature over time is shown in the figure. How much heat is needed to melt the snow? 
1) 2500 J 2) 5000 J
3) 7500 J. 4) 12500 J.
1.121
The graph shows the dependence of temperature on time when two liquids of the same mass are heated at a constant power of heat input. The ratio of the specific heat of vaporization of the first substance to the specific heat of vaporization of the second is 
1) 2) 3) 2 4) 3
1.122 The hot liquid was slowly cooling in the glass. The table shows the results of measurements of its temperature over time.
|
Time, min |
||||||||
|
Temperature, С |
In the beaker, 7 min after the start of measurements, there was a substance
1) only in liquid state
2) only in solid state
3) in both liquid and solid states
4) in both liquid and gaseous states
1.123 The figure shows a graph of the dependence of the temperature of alcohol on time during its cooling and subsequent heating. Initially, alcohol was in a gaseous state. Which section of the graph corresponds to the process of alcohol condensation?
1) AB 2) BC 3) CD 4) DE
What value is measured with a psychrometer?
1) relative humidity 2) absolute humidity
3) temperature 4) pressure
1.125 On which of the graphs shown in the figure can you find a section corresponding to the melting of a crystalline body?
1) Only on graph 1 2) Only on graph 3 
3) Only on graph 2 3) On graphs 1 and 2
1.126 In the process of heating ice on an electric stove, the student measured the temperature depending on the heating time and entered the data in a table. In what state of aggregation was the substance at the time t = 22.5 min?
|
Time, min. |
|||||||
|
Temperature, °С |
1) only in solid state
2) only in liquid state
3) most of the substance was in a solid state, and a smaller part was in a liquid state
4) most of the substance was in a liquid state, and a smaller part was in a solid state
1.127 A bronze candlestick weighing 2 kg was heated to a temperature of 900 K. How much heat was released when the candlestick cooled to a temperature of 300 K? The specific heat capacity of bronze is 420 J/(kg-K).
1) 5´10 5 J. 2) 2.5´10 5 J. 3) 7.5´10 s J. 4) 5´10 4 J.
1.128 How much water can be heated from 10° to 60°C, spending 210 kJ for this?
1) 20 kg. 2) 50 kg. 3) 4 kg. 4) 1 kg.
1.129 The graph shows the change in temperature T of a substance over time t. At the initial moment of time, the substance was in a crystalline state. Which of the points corresponds to the end of the curing process?
1.130 The efficiency of the heat engine is 20%. This means that from the energy released during the complete combustion of fuel,
1) 20% goes to doing useful work;
2) 80% goes to doing useful work;
3) 20% is converted into internal steam energy;
4) 20% is converted into the internal energy of the parts.
1.131 In an internal combustion engine
1) mechanical energy is completely converted into internal;
2) the internal energy of the fuel is completely converted into mechanical energy;
3) mechanical energy is partially converted into internal;
4) the internal energy of the fuel is partially converted into mechanical energy.
1.132 Which of the following is called a thermal engine?
A. Internal combustion engine. B. Steam turbine.
B. Jet engine.
1) Only A. 2) Only B. 3) Only C. 4) A, B, and C.
1.133 The world's first nuclear power plant, built in the Soviet Union in 1954, consumes 30 g of nuclear fuel per day. Calculate the amount of heat received at the power plant per day. The specific heat of combustion of nuclear fuel is 8 ´10 13 kJ/kg.
1) 9.2 ´10 8 kJ 2) 1.0 ´10 8 kJ
3) 2.4 ´10 12 kJ 4) 2.4 ´10 6 kJ
1.134 The internal combustion engine did useful work equal to 27.6 MJ and consumed 3 liters of gasoline. Calculate Engine Efficiency
1) 35 % 2) 20 % 3) 28 % 4) 40 %.
1.135 What mass of alcohol must be burned to release 5.4´10 7 J of heat? Take the specific heat of combustion of alcohol equal to 26 MJ/kg.
1) » 2 kg. 2) » 0.5 kg. 3) »140´10 13 kg. 4) » 20 kg.
1.136 In an internal combustion engine, the valves are closed, the gases formed during the combustion of the combustible mixture press on the piston and push it. What is the name of this beat?
1) Release. 2) Working stroke. 3) Inlet. 4) Compression.
1.137
The diagram for different metals indicates the amount of heat required to melt 100 g of the metal, taken at the melting point. Determine the specific heat of fusion of iron. 
1.138 After steam having a temperature of 120ºC was let into water at room temperature, the internal energy
1) both steam and water decreased
2) both steam and water increased
3) steam decreased and water increased
4) steam increased and water decreased
1.139 The figure shows a graph of the dependence of temperature on time for the process of heating a lead ingot weighing 1 kg. How much heat was received by lead in 10 minutes of heating?
1) 1300 J 2) 26000 J
3) 29510 J 4) 78000 J
1.140
The dependence of the temperature of the initially liquid silver on the amount of heat released by it is shown in the figure. How much heat is released during the crystallization of silver?
1) 2kJ 2) 6 kJ
3) 8 kJ 4) 10 kJ
1.142 During the melting of a crystalline body,
1) particle size reduction
2) change in chemical composition
3) destruction of the crystal lattice
4) decrease in the kinetic energy of particles
1.143 The figure shows a graph of the dependence of temperature on the amount of heat received for two substances of equal mass. Initially, each of the substances was in a solid state.
Using the picture, from the proposed list of statements, select the two correct ones.
1) For the first substance, the specific heat in the solid state is equal to the specific heat in the liquid state. 
2) It took more heat to melt the first substance than to melt the second substance.
3) The presented graphs do not allow comparing the boiling points of two substances.
4) The melting point of the second substance is higher.
5) The specific heat capacity of the first substance in the solid state is less than the specific heat capacity of the second substance in the solid state.
1.144 Using the data in the table, select two true statements from the proposed list. List their numbers.
|
Substance |
Density in the solid state *, g / cm 3 |
Melting point, °С |
Specific heat capacity, J/kg°C |
Specific melting, |
|
aluminum |
||||
1) A silver ring can be melted in an aluminum bowl.
2) To heat tin and silver spoons of the same volume by 50 ° C, the same amount of heat is required.
3) To melt 1 kg of zinc, taken at the melting point, approximately the same amount of heat is required as for melting
5 kg of lead at its melting point.
4) The steel ball will float in molten lead when partially submerged.
5) The aluminum wire will sink into the molten copper.
1.145 When two solids are heated from a crystalline (I) and amorphous (II) substance, the transition to a liquid state
1) occurs abruptly when a certain temperature is reached for both I and II bodies.
2) occurs abruptly when a certain temperature is reached only for the first body.
3) occurs abruptly when a certain temperature is reached only for body II.
4) occurs gradually for both bodies, accompanied by an increase in the temperature of the mixture of liquid and solid.
1.146 How will the difference between the readings of the dry and wet thermometers of a psychrometer change with increasing relative humidity?
1) will not change 2) will increase
3) the answer depends on the air temperature 4) will decrease
1.147 Two bars of the same mass, heated to a temperature of 120 ° C, are cooled to the same temperature. The first bar is lead, the second is copper. Quantity of heat
1) given by a lead bar is equal to the amount of heat given by a copper bar
2) the amount of heat given off by the lead bar is greater than the amount of heat given off by the copper bar
3) the amount of heat given off by the lead bar is less than the amount of heat given off by the copper bar
4) it is impossible to compare the amounts of heat, since the final temperature is not set
1.148 The relative humidity in the room is 25%. What is the ratio of the density ρ of water vapor in the room and the density ρ n of saturated water vapor at the same temperature?
1) ρ is greater than ρ n 4 times 2) ρ is less than ρ n 4 times
3) ρ less than ρ n by 25% 4) ρ more than ρ n by 25%
1.149 The graph shows the dependence of the temperature of a substance on the time of its heating. At the initial moment, the substance was in a solid state.
20 min after the start of heating, the substance was
1) in liquid state
2) in solid state
3) in gaseous state
4) in both solid and liquid states
1.150 To experimentally determine whether the amount of heat imparted to the body when heated depends on the heat capacity of the substance, the following methods are proposed.
A. Take bodies of the same mass, made of different substances, and heat them by an equal number of degrees.
B. Take bodies of different masses, made of the same substance, and heat them by an equal number of degrees.
B. Take bodies of different masses, made of different substances, and heat them by different degrees.
The correct way to conduct an experiment is
1) A 2) C 3) B 4) A or C
1.151 It is necessary to experimentally determine whether the mass of the body depends on the density. There are three sets of balls made of aluminum or iron.
To conduct the experiment, you need to use a set
1) A or B 2) A or C 3) A 4) C
1.155 Why do metal objects feel colder to the touch than wooden ones?
1) wood has a lower thermal conductivity
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L. S. Volkova and Honored Worker of the Higher School of the Russian Federation, Professor (1)
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