Work program in biology for medical colleges. Work program in biology, for vocational education (for federal state education)

state autonomous institution

Kaliningrad region

professional educational organization

"College of Service and Tourism"

AGREED I APPROVE

Deputy Director for SD Director of GAU KO VET KST

GAU KO POO KST

N.N. Myasnikova _____________ T.A. Bugakova

"_" _____________ 2015 "__" _______________ 2015

WORKING PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

Biology

TECHNICAL PROFILE

Kaliningrad

The working program of the academic discipline "Biology" was developed in accordance with the approximate program of the academic discipline "Biology"recommended by the Federal State Autonomous Institution« Federal Institute for the Development of Education» ( FGAU« FIRO») Minutes No. 3 dated July 21, 2015 taking into account the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Secondary General Education, the Federal State Educational Standard of Secondary Vocational Education (SVE) and the profile of vocational education.

For the training program for mid-level specialists (MSSP) in the specialties of SVE For the program for the training of mid-level specialists (MSSP) for the specialties of SVEtechnical profile :

Organization-developer: state autonomous institution of the Kaliningrad region, professional educational organization "College of Service and Tourism".

Developer: Trifonenko E.V., teacher of biology GAU KO VET KST

Protocol of the PCC No. _ of "" __ 2015

Chairman of the PCC ___________ Tsvetaeva L.V.

CONTENT

page

PASSPORT OF THE PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

STRUCTURE and content of the EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

conditions for the implementation of the program of the academic discipline

Monitoring and evaluation of results Mastering the academic discipline

1. passport of the PROGRAM of the EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

Biology

1.1. Scope of the program

The program of the academic discipline is part of the main professional educational program (OPEP) in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard on the basis of basic general education with secondary general education of the training program for mid-level specialists (PSSSZ) in the specialties of secondary vocational educationtechnical profile:

29.02.04 Design, modeling and technology of garments

20.02.04 Fire safety

1.2. The place of the academic discipline in the structure of the main professional educational program: discipline is included in the general education cycle.

1.3. Goals and objectives of the academic discipline - requirements for the results of mastering the academic discipline:

The content of the Biology program is aimed at achieving the followinggoals:

obtaining fundamental knowledge about biological systems (Cell, Organism, Population, Species, Ecosystem); the history of the development of modern ideas about wildlife, outstanding discoveries in biological science; the role of biological science in the formation of the modern natural-scientific picture of the world; methods of scientific knowledge;

mastering the skills to think logically, justify the place and role of biological knowledge in the practical activities of people, the development of modern technologies; identify living objects in nature; carry out observations of ecosystems in order to describe them and identify natural and anthropogenic changes; find and analyze information about living objects;

development of cognitive interests, intellectual and creative abilities of students in the process of studying biological phenomena; outstanding achievements of biology, included in the universal culture; complex and contradictory ways of developing modern scientific views, ideas, theories, concepts, hypotheses (about the essence and origin of life, man) in the course of working with various sources of information;

fostering conviction in the need to know wildlife, the need for rational use of natural resources, respect for natural resources and the environment, and one's own health; respect for the opinion of the opponent when discussing biological problems;

using the acquired biological knowledge and skills in everyday life to assess the consequences of one's activities (and the activities of other people) in relation to the environment, the health of other people and one's own health; substantiation and observance of disease prevention measures, first aid in case of injuries, observance of the rules of behavior in nature.

Mastering the content of the discipline "Biology" ensures the achievement

students of the following results:

personal:

the formation of a sense of pride and respect for the history and achievements of domestic biological science; ideas about a holistic natural-science picture of the world; understanding the relationship and interdependence of the natural sciences, their impact on the environment, economic, technological, social and ethical spheres of human activity; the ability to use knowledge about the modern natural-scientific picture of the world in educational and professional activities; the possibilities of the information environment to ensure productive self-education possession of a culture of thinking, the ability to generalize, analyze, perceive information in the field of natural sciences, set a goal and choose ways to achieve it in the professional field; the ability to be guided in their activities by modern principles of tolerance, dialogue and cooperation; willingness to interact with colleagues, work in a team; readiness to use the main methods of protection against the possible consequences of accidents, catastrophes, natural disasters; possession of safe work skills during design, research and experimental activities, using laboratory equipment; the ability to use the acquired knowledge and skills in practical activities and everyday life to comply with measures to prevent poisoning, viral and other diseases, stress, bad habits (smoking, alcoholism, drug addiction); rules of conduct in the natural environment; readiness to provide first aid for injuries, colds and other diseases, food poisoning;

metasubject:

awareness of the social significance of their profession/specialty, the possession of motivation to carry out professional activities; increasing the intellectual level in the process of studying biological phenomena; outstanding achievements of biology, included in the universal culture; complex and contradictory ways of developing modern scientific views, ideas, theories, concepts, hypotheses (about the essence and origin of life, man) in the course of working with various sources of information; the ability to organize cooperation between like-minded people, including using modern information and communication technologies; the ability to understand the principles of sustainability and productivity of living nature, ways of its change under the influence of anthropogenic factors, the ability to systematically analyze global environmental problems, issues of the state of the environment and the rational use of natural resources; the ability to justify the place and role of biological knowledge in the practical activities of people, the development of modern technologies; identify living objects in nature; carry out observations of ecosystems in order to describe them and identify natural and anthropogenic changes; find and analyze information about living objects; the ability to apply biological and environmental knowledge to the analysis of applied problems of economic activity; the ability to independently conduct research, set up a natural-science experiment, use information technology to solve scientific and professional problems; the ability to assess the ethical aspects of some research in the field of biotechnology (cloning, artificial insemination);

subject:

formation of ideas about the role and place of biology in the modern scientific picture of the world; understanding the role of biology in shaping the outlook and functional literacy for solving practical problems; possession of fundamental concepts and ideas about wildlife, its level organization and evolution; confident use of biological terminology and symbols; possession of the basic methods of scientific knowledge used in biological studies of living objects and ecosystems: description, measurement, observation; identification and assessment of anthropogenic changes in nature;

the formation of skills to explain the results of biological experiments, to solve elementary biological problems; the formation of one's own position in relation to biological information obtained from various sources, global environmental problems and ways to solve them.

As a result of mastering the academic discipline, the student should know and understand:

the main provisions of biological theories and patterns: cell theory, evolutionary doctrine, V.I. Vernadsky's doctrine of the biosphere, G. Mendel's laws, patterns of variability and heredity;

the structure and functioning of biological objects: cells, genes and chromosomes, the structure of the species and ecosystems;

the essence of biological processes: reproduction, fertilization, the action of artificial and natural selection, the formation of fitness, the origin of species, the circulation of substances and the transformation of energy in the cell, organism, ecosystems and biosphere;

the contribution of outstanding (including domestic) scientists to the development of biological science;

biological terminology and symbolism;

As a result of mastering the academic discipline, the student should be able to:

explain the role of biology in shaping the scientific worldview; the contribution of biological theories to the formation of a modern natural-science picture of the world; the unity of animate and inanimate nature, the relationship of living organisms; the negative impact of alcohol, nicotine, narcotic substances on the embryonic and postembryonic development of a person; influence of environmental factors on living organisms,

the effect of mutagens on plants, animals and humans; interrelations and interaction of organisms and environment; causes and factors of evolution, variability of species; disturbances in the development of organisms, mutations and their significance in the occurrence of hereditary diseases; sustainability, development and change of ecosystems; the need to conserve species diversity;

solve elementary biological problems; compose elementary

crossbreeding schemes and schemes for the transfer of substances and energy transfer in

ecosystems (food chains); describe the characteristics of species

morphological criterion;

identify adaptations of organisms to the environment, sources and presence of mutagens in the environment (indirectly), anthropogenic changes in the ecosystems of their area;

compare biological objects: the chemical composition of animate and inanimate bodies, human and other animal embryos, natural ecosystems and agroecosystems of their area; processes (natural and artificial selection, sexual and asexual reproduction) and draw conclusions and generalizations based on comparison and analysis;

analyze and evaluate various hypotheses about the essence, origin of life and man, global environmental problems and their solutions, the consequences of their own activities in the environment;

study changes in ecosystems on biological models;

find information about biological objects in various sources (textbooks, reference books, popular science publications, computer databases, Internet resources) and evaluate it critically;

use the acquired knowledge and skills in practical activities

and daily life:

to comply with measures to prevent poisoning, viral and other diseases, stress, bad habits (smoking, alcoholism, drug addiction); rules of conduct in the natural environment;

first aid for traumatic, colds and other diseases, food poisoning;

assessment of the ethical aspects of some research in the field of biotechnology (cloning, artificial insemination).

maximum student workload 54 hours, including:

obligatory classroom teaching load of the student 36 hours;

student's independent work 18 hours

2. STRUCTURE AND CONTENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

2.1. Volume of academic discipline and types of educational work

Type of study work

Watch volume

Mandatory classroom teaching load (total)

including:

workshops

Test papers

Independent work of the student (total)

including:

Work with notes, educational literature (by paragraphs, chapters of textbooks indicated by the teacher)

Completion of an individual task (abstracts, messages, posters with pictures)

Create presentations on a given topic

Final certification in the formdifferentiated credit

2.2. Thematic plan and content of the discipline Biology (technical profile )

Name of sections and topics

The content of the educational material, laboratory and practical classes, independent work of students

Number of hours

Level of development

Introduction

variety of living organisms. Level organization of living nature and evolution. Methods of knowledge of living nature.

The subject of study of the general course "Biology", the goals and objectives of the course.

Section 1. The doctrine of the cell.

Topic 1.1.

The content of the educational material:

A cell is an elementary living system and the main structural and functional unit of all living organisms. Brief history of the study of the cell.Cell theory.The chemical organization of the cell. Organic and inorganic substances of cells and living organisms.

Topic 1.2. The structure and functions of the cell.	The content of the educational material:
	Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Viruses as a non-cellular form of life and their significance. Fight against viral diseases (AIDS, etc.) Cytoplasm and cell membrane. cell organelles.
	Workshops :
	Observation of plant and animal cells under a microscope on ready-made micropreparations, their description.Comparison of the structure of cells of plants, animals, fungi and bacteria.
Topic 1.3. Metabolism and energy conversion in the cell.	The content of the educational material:	0.5
	Plastic and energy metabolism.
	Types of metabolism. Photosynthesis. hereditary information and its implementation in the cell.
	Workshops : Preparation and description of micropreparations of plant cells.	0.5
Topic 1.4. The life cycle of a cell.	The content of the educational material:
	Cells and their diversity in a multicellular organism.	0.5
	cell differentiation. Cellular theory of the structure of organisms	0.5
	Workshops : Comparison of the structure of plant and animal cells according to ready-made micropreparations.	0.5
	Test papers : topic testing(by options)
	Independent work in section 1: 3. Doing homework in section 1. Approximate topics for homework in section 1: The chemical composition of the cell, the structure and functions of the cell, providing cells with energy, hereditary information and its implementation in the cell. "Organic and inorganic substances of the plant cell, evidence of their presence in the plant." "Structural and functional difference between plant and animal cells."
Section 2. Organism. Reproduction and individual development of organisms.		7
Topic 2.1. reproduction of organisms.	The content of the educational material:
	Cell division. Mitosis. Asexual and sexual reproduction
	Meiosis. The formation of germ cells and fertilization.
Topic 2.2. Individual development of organisms.	The content of the educational material:
	Embryonic and postembryonic development of organisms
	The body as a whole.
	Workshops : Identification and description of signs of similarity between human embryos and other vertebrates as evidence of their evolutionary relationship: 1. The study of the similarity of embryos of different species. 2. Study of the influence of narcotic substances, tobacco, alcohol on the development of the embryo.
	Test papers : topic testing 2.1., 2.2.
	Independent work in section 2: 1. Work with notes, educational literature (by paragraphs, chapters of textbooks indicated by the teacher). 2. Create presentations on a given topic. 3. Doing homework in section 2. Approximate topics for homework in section 2: Reproduction of organisms, individual development of organisms. Sample topics for presentations (abstracts) ): "The influence of the environment and its pollution on the development of organisms". "The effect of smoking, alcohol and drug use by parents on the embryonic development of the child".
Section 3. Fundamentals of genetics and selection.		12
Topic 3.1. The main regularities of the phenomena of heredity.	The content of the educational material:
	Monohybrid cross.
	Dihybrid cross.
	Workshops: 1. Drawing up the simplest crossing schemes. 2. Solving problems for monohybrid crossing. 3. Solving problems for dihybrid crossing.
Topic 3.2. Regularities of variability.	The content of the educational material:
	Types of variability: modification and hereditary.
	human hereditary diseases.
	Workshops : Analysis of phenotypic variability.
	Test work on the topics of sections 1,2,3 (by options)
Topic 3.3. Genetics and selection.	The content of the educational material:
	domestication. selection principles. Works of Vavilov.
	selection methods. Biotechnology.
	Workshops : Detection of mutagens in the environment environment and an indirect assessment of their possible impact on the body
	Independent work in section 3: 1. Work with notes, educational literature (by paragraphs, chapters of textbooks indicated by the teacher). 2. Create presentations on a given topic. 3. Doing homework in section 3. Approximate topics for homework in section 3: The main patterns of the phenomena of heredity, patterns of variability. Basic concepts of genetics and selection. Sample topics for presentations (abstracts) ): "Hereditary information and its transmission from generation to generation". "Advances in modern genetics in medicine and public health". "Centers of Diversity and Origin of Cultivated Plants". "Centers for Diversity and Origin of Domestic Animals".
Section 4. Evolutionary doctrine.		12
Topic 4.1. Origin and initial stages of development of life on Earth.	The content of the educational material:
	Origin and initial stages of life development on the ground. Hypotheses of the origin of life.
	The study of the main patterns of occurrence, development and existence of life on Earth. Complication of living organisms in the process of evolution. Diversity of the living world.
	Workshops : Description of individuals of the same species according to morphological criteria.
Topic 4.2. History of development of evolutionary ideas.	The content of the educational material:	1
	Development of evolutionary ideas. Evidence for evolution. Evolutionary theories of J. B. Lamarck, Ch. Darwin.
	driving forces of evolution. Types of natural selection. Evidence for evolution. View. population. Variability, struggle for existence, adaptation. The concept of the species, its criteria. A population is a structural unit of a species and evolution. driving forces of evolution. Synthetic theory of evolution.
	Workshops : Revealing the adaptations of organisms to the environment.	2
Topic 4.3 Microevolution and macroevolution.	The content of the educational material:	1
	The concept of the species, its criteria. A population is a structural unit of a species and evolution. driving forces of evolution. Synthetic theory of evolution. Microevolution.
	Modern concepts of speciation (S.S. Chetverikov, I.I. Shmalgauzen). Macroevolution. Evidence for evolution. The main directions of evolutionary progress. Biological progress and biological regression.
	Practical work : Analysis and evaluation of various hypotheses of the origin of life.	1
	Independent work on section 4 : 1. Work with notes, educational literature (by paragraphs, chapters of textbooks indicated by the teacher). 2. Create presentations on a given topic. 3. Doing homework in section 4. Approximate topics for homework in section 4: Development of evolutionary ideas, evidence of evolution, mechanisms of the evolutionary process. Sample topics for presentations (abstracts) ): "Prerequisites for the emergence of the evolutionary theory of Ch. Darwin." "Modern ideas about the mechanisms and patterns of evolution".	4
Section 5.0. Human Origins.		4
Topic 5.1. Human Origins	The content of the educational material:	1
	Anthropogenesis.The evolution of primates.
	Factors of human evolution.
Topic 5.2. Human Origins.	The content of the educational material:	1
	Evidence of relationship between humans and mammals Animals.		1
	Stages of human evolution. human races.		1
	Workshops : 1. Analysis and evaluation of various hypotheses of the origin of life and man.	1	2
	Independent work on section 5 : 1. Work with notes, educational literature (by paragraphs, chapters of textbooks indicated by the teacher). 2. Create presentations on a given topic. 3. Doing homework in section 5. Approximate topics for homework in section 5: Theories of the origin of life on Earth. Development of life on Earth. Human Origins. Sample topics for presentations (abstracts): "Principles and patterns of development of life on Earth". "Early Stages in the Development of Life on Earth". "Causes and possible history of landfall of plants and animals."	1	3
Section 6. Fundamentals of ecology.		9
Topic 6.1.Ecology - the science of the relationship of organisms with each other and the environment.	The content of the educational material:
	Ecology as a science. Ecosystem, its properties. Types of ecosystems.	1	1
	Changing ecosystems. Agrocenoses. Food chains.	1	1
	Workshops : 1. Compilation of food chains.2. Comparative description of the two ecosystems.	2	2
Topic 6.2.The biosphere is a global ecosystem. Biosphere and man.	The content of the educational material:	1
	Teachings of VI Vernadsky about the biosphere. The role of the living organisms in the biosphere. Biomass.		1
	Circulation of the most important biogenic elements (on the example of carbon, nitrogen, etc.) in the biosphere.Composition and functions of the biosphere. Circulation of matter. Global environmental problems. Noosphere. Rules for the behavior of people in the environment natural environment.		1
	Workshops : 1. Description and practical creation of an artificial ecosystem (freshwater aquarium). 2. Solving environmental problems.	2	2
	Independent work on section 6: 1. Work with notes, educational literature (by paragraphs, chapters of manuals indicated by the teacher). 2. Create presentations on a given topic. 3. Doing homework in section 6. Approximate topics for homework in section 6: Ecosystem, its structure and properties; the concept of the biosphere, the protection of the biosphere. Sample topics for presentations (abstracts) ): “The danger of global disturbances in the biosphere. Ozone holes, acid rain, smog and their prevention. “Ecological crises and ecological catastrophes. Preventing them from happening»	2	3
Section 7. Bionics.		2
Topic 7.1. Bionics. Basic concepts of bionics.	The content of the educational material:	0.5	1
	Bionics as a science. The use of knowledge about wildlife in technology.		1
	Control work in the form of a differentiated test	0.5	1
	Independent work on section 7 : 1. Work with notes, educational literature (by paragraphs, chapters of manuals indicated by the teacher). 2. Create presentations on a given topic. 3. Doing homework in section 7. Approximate topics for homework in section 7: Basic concepts of bionics. Goals and objectives of this direction in science. Sample topics for presentations (abstracts) ): "Tubular structures in wildlife and technology", "Aerodynamic and hydrodynamic devices in the living world and technology"	1	3
Total :		54

To characterize the level of mastering the educational material, the following designations are used: 1. - introductory (recognition of previously studied objects, properties); 2. - reproductive (performing activities according to a model, instructions or under guidance) 3. - productive (planning and independent implementation of activities, solving problematic tasks)

3. conditions for the implementation of the discipline program

3.1. Minimum Logistics Requirements

The implementation of the discipline program requires the presence of a Biology study room.

Study room equipment:

- teacher's workplace;

- seats by the number of students;

- educational and methodological complex in the discipline "Biology";

- visual aids: tables, cards with tasks.

Technical training aids:

- a computer with licensed software;

- multimedia projector;

- interactive board.

3.2. Information support of training

List of recommended educational publications, Internet resources, additional literature.

Main sources:

1. Belyaev D.K., Dymshits G.M., Kuznetsova L.N. et al. Biology (basic level). Grade 10. -M., 2014.

2. Iontseva A. Yu. Biology. The entire school course in diagrams and tables. - M., 2014.

3. Lukatkin A.S., Ruchin A.B., Silaeva T.B. and others. Biology with the basics of ecology: a textbook for students. institutions of higher education. - M., 2014.

4. Mamontov S. G., Zakharov V. B., Kozlova T. A. Biology: textbook for students. institutions of higher education (bachelor's degree). - M., 2014.

5. Nikitinskaya T.V. Biology: a pocket guide. - M., 2015.

6. Sivoglazov V. I., Agafonova I. B., Zakharova E. T. Biology. General biology: basic level, grades 10-11. - M., 2014.

7. Sukhorukova L. N., Kuchmenko V. S., Ivanova T. V. Biology (basic level). 10-11 class. - M., 2014.

Additional sources:

1. Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation”. 2. Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated May 17, 2012 No. 413 “On approval of the federal state educational standard of secondary (complete) general education”. 3. Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of December 29, 2014 No. 1645 “On Amendments to the Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of May 17, 2012 No. 413 “On Approval of the Federal State Educational Standard of Secondary (Complete) General Education””.

4. Letter of the Department of State Policy in the field of training of workers and further vocational education of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated March 17, 2015 No. 06-259 “Recommendations on the organization of obtaining secondary general education within the framework of mastering educational programs of secondary vocational education on the basis of basic general education, taking into account the requirements of federal state educational institutions standards and the resulting profession or specialty of secondary vocational education.

5. Biology: in 2 volumes / ed. N.V. Yarygina. - M., 2010.

6. Biology: a guide to practical exercises / ed. V. V. Markina. - M., 2010. Darwin Ch. Works. - T. 3. - M., 1939.

7.Darwin C. Origin of Species. - M., 2006.

8. Kobylyansky V.A. Philosophy of ecology: a short course: textbook. allowance for universities. - M., 2010.

9. Orlova E.A. History of anthropological doctrines: a textbook for universities. - M., 2010.

11. Chebyshev N.V., Grineva G.G. Biology. - M., 2010.

Internet resources

www. sbio. info (All biology. Modern biology, articles, news, library).

www.window.edu.ru (Single window of access to educational Internet resources in biology).

www.5ballov. ru/test (Test for applicants for the entire school biology course).

www. vspu. ac. en/deold/bio/bio. htm (Telecommunication biology quizzes -

Ecology on the server of the Voronezh University).

www.biology.ru (Biology at the Open College. The site contains an electronic textbook on

biology, on-line tests).

www. informika. ru (Electronic textbook, a large list of Internet resources).

www.nrc.edu.ru (Biological picture of the world. Section of a computer textbook, developed

tannogo at the Moscow State Open University).

www. nature. ok. ru (Rare and endangered animals of Russia - project of the Ecological

center of Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov).

www.kozlenkoa.narod.ru (For those who study themselves and teach others; internally and remotely, biology, chemistry, and other subjects).

www.schoolcity.by (Biology in questions and answers).

www. bril2002. people. ru (Biology for schoolchildren. Brief, compact, but fairly detailed information on the sections: "General Biology", "Botany", "Zoology", "Man").

4. Monitoring and evaluation of the results of mastering the EDUCATIONAL Discipline

Control and evaluation the results of mastering the academic discipline is carried out by the teacher in the process of conducting practical classes and laboratory work, testing, as well as the performance of individual tasks, projects, and research by students.

Content of training

Characteristics of the main activities of students

(at the level of learning activities)

Forms and methods of monitoring and evaluating learning outcomes

Introduction

Acquaintance with biological systems of different levels: cell, organism, population, ecosystem, biosphere. Determination of the role of biology in the formation of the modern natural-scientific picture of the world and the practical activities of people. Training in compliance with the rules of behavior in nature, respect for biological objects (plants and animals and their communities) and their protection

Expert evaluation of the results of control, practical work, differentiated independent work

-Expert evaluation of homework.

Chemical organization of the cell

The ability to compare the chemical organization of living and non-living objects. Obtaining an understanding of the role of organic and inorganic substances in the cell

testing, expert assessment within the framework of current control in practical classes; expert assessment of homework.

The structure and functions of the cell

The study of the structure of eukaryotic cells, the structure and diversity of plant and animal cells using micropreparations.

Observation of plant and animal cells under a microscope on ready-made micropreparations, their description. Preparation and description of micropreparations of plant cells.

Comparison of the structure of plant and animal cells according to finished micropreparations

Expert evaluation of the results:

-testing;- assessment of control works;oral questioning; written survey; assessment of the protection of completed independent work; assessment of the protection of the work performed;expert assessment within the framework of current control in practical classes; differentiated independent work;

Metabolism and energy conversion in the cell

Ability to build schemes of energy metabolism and protein biosynthesis.

Obtaining an idea of the spatial structure of the protein, DNA and RNA molecules

testing; assessment of control works;oral questioning; written survey; assessment of the protection of completed independent work; assessment of the protection of the work performed;expert assessment within the framework of current control in practical classes;

Cell life cycle

Acquaintance with the cellular theory of the structure of organisms. The ability to independently search for evidence that the cell is an elementary living system and the main structural and functional unit of all living organisms

Expert evaluation of the results: homework assignments;testing; assessment of control works;oral questioning; written survey; assessment of the protection of completed independent work; assessment of the protection of the work performed;expert assessment within the framework of current control in practical classes;

Reproduction of organisms

Mastering knowledge about reproduction as the most important property of living organisms.

The ability to independently find differences between mitosis and meiosis, determining the evolutionary role of these types of cell division

Individual development of the body

Familiarization with the main stages of ontogeny on the example of the development of vertebrates.

The ability to characterize the stages of postembryonic development on the example of a person. Familiarization with the causes of disturbances in the development of organisms.

Development of the ability to correctly form the evidence base for the evolutionary development of the animal world

Individual human development

Identification and description of signs of similarity between human embryos and other vertebrates as evidence of their evolutionary relationship.

Obtaining an understanding of the consequences of the influence of alcohol, nicotine, narcotic substances, environmental pollution on human development and reproductive health

Patterns of variability

Acquaintance with hereditary and non-hereditary variability and its biological role in the evolution of the living world. Getting an idea about the relationship between genetics and medicine.

Acquaintance with human hereditary diseases, their causes and prevention. The study of the influence of alcoholism, drug addiction, smoking on heredity on video. Analysis of phenotypic variability. Detection of mutagens in the environment and indirect assessment of their possible impact on the body

Fundamentals of Plant, Animal and Microorganism Breeding

Fundamentals of plant, animal and microorganism breeding Getting an idea of genetics as a theoretical basis for breeding. The development of metasubject skills in the process of finding on the map the centers of diversity and origin of cultivated plants and domestic animals discovered by N. I. Vavilov. Study of methods of hybridization and artificial selection. Ability to understand the ethical aspects of some advances in biotechnology: animal cloning and human cloning problems. Acquaintance with the main achievements of modern breeding of cultivated plants, domestic animals and microorganisms

Origin and initial stages of development of life on Earth

Analysis and evaluation of various hypotheses of the origin of life. Obtaining an idea of the complexity of living organisms on Earth in the process of evolution. The ability to experimentally identify the adaptive characteristics of organisms, their relative nature. Acquaintance with some representatives of rare and endangered species of plants and animals. Conducting a description of individuals of the same species according to morphological criteria when performing laboratory work. Identification of the features of the adaptability of organisms to different habitats (aquatic, terrestrial-air, soil)

Expert evaluation of the results: homework assignments;testing;

assessment of control works;oral questioning; written survey; assessment of the protection of completed independent work;

assessment of the protection of the work performed;expert assessment within the framework of current control in practical classes;

History of development of evolutionary ideas

The study of the heritage of mankind on the example of acquaintance with the history of the development of evolutionary ideas by C. Linnaeus, J. B. Lamarck, C. Darwin. Evaluation of the role of evolutionary doctrine in the formation of the modern natural-scientific picture of the world. Development of the ability to clearly and accurately express one's thoughts, logically substantiate one's point of view, perceive and analyze the opinions of interlocutors, recognizing the right of another person to a different opinion

microevolution

and macroevolution

Acquaintance with the concept of a species, its criteria, selection of examples of the fact that a population is a structural unit of a species and evolution. Acquaintance with the moving forces of evolution and its evidence. Learning that the main directions of evolutionary progress are biological progress and biological regression.The ability to defend the opinion on the conservation of biological diversity as the basis for the sustainability of the biosphere and its progressive development. Ability to identify the causes of extinction of species

Expert evaluation of the results: homework assignments;testing; assessment of control works;oral questioning; written survey; assessment of the protection of completed independent work; assessment of the protection of the work performed;expert assessment as part of the current control in practical classes

Anthropogenesis

Analysis and evaluation of various hypotheses about the origin of man. Development of the ability to build an evidence base on the comparative characteristics of humans and primates, proving their relationship. Identification of the stages of human evolution

Expert evaluation of the results: homework assignments;testing; assessment of control works;oral questioning; written survey; assessment of the protection of completed independent work; assessment of the protection of the work performed;expert assessment as part of the current control in practical classes

human races

The ability to prove the equality of human races on the basis of their kinship and unity of origin.

Development of tolerance, criticism of racism in all its manifestations

Expert evaluation of the results: homework assignments;testing; assessment of control works;oral questioning; written survey; assessment of the protection of completed independent work; assessment of the protection of the work performed;expert assessment as part of the current control in practical classes

Ecology - the science of the relationship of organisms with each other and the environment

Expert evaluation of the results: homework assignments;testing; assessment of control works;oral questioning; written survey; assessment of the protection of completed independent work; assessment of the protection of the work performed;expert assessment as part of the current control in practical classes

Biosphere - global ecosystem

Acquaintance with the teachings of V. I. Vernadsky about the biosphere as a global ecosystem. Having an understanding of the ecosystem scheme on the example of the biosphere, the circulation of substances and the transformation of energy in the biosphere. Ability to prove the role of living organisms in the biosphere using specific examples

Expert evaluation of the results: homework assignments;testing; assessment of control works;oral questioning; written survey; assessment of the protection of completed independent work; assessment of the protection of the work performed;expert assessment as part of the current control in practical classes

Biosphere and man

Finding the connection between changes in the biosphere and the consequences of human activity in the environment. The ability to determine the impact of production activities on the environment in the field of their future profession. Acquaintance with global environmental problems and the ability to determine ways to solve them. Description and practical creation of an artificial ecosystem (freshwater aquarium). Solving environmental problems. Demonstrating the ability to set goals for activities, plan their own activities to achieve their goals, foreseepossible results of these actions, the organization of self-control and evaluation of the results. Training in compliance with the rules of behavior in nature, respect for biological objects (plants, animals and their communities) and their protection

Expert evaluation of the results:

doing homework,

testing;

-assessment of control works;

- oral questioning;

- written survey;

Bionics as one of the areas of biology and cybernetics

Acquaintance with examples of the use of morphological and functional features of the organization of plants and animals in the economic activity of people when creating perfect technical systems and devices by analogy with living systems.

Acquaintance with tubular structures in nature and technology, aerodynamic and hydrodynamic devices in nature and technology.

Ability to build models of the folded structure used in construction

Expert evaluation of the results: homework,testing;

-assessment of control works;

- oral questioning;

- written survey;

-assessment of the protection of performed independent work;

-assessment of the protection of the work performed;

- expert assessment within the framework of current control in practical classes;

State budget educational institution

secondary vocational education in Moscow

"Medical College No. 8

Department of Health of the City of Moscow"

WORKING PROGRAMM

Biology

for the specialty060501 Nursing. 51

2013

The program is based on an exemplary program recommended by:

Expert Council for Vocational Education Minutes No. 24/1 of March 27, 2008

PASSPORT OF THE WORKING PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

"Biology"

1.1 Scope of the program

The program of the discipline "Biology" is part of an exemplary basic general education program in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard in the specialties of SPO: 060501 "Nursing".

1.2 The place of the discipline in the structure of the main professional educational program:

The discipline "Biology" is part of the section "General Educational Disciplines" of the professional cycle.

1.3 Goals and objectives of the discipline - requirements for the results of mastering the discipline:

should be able to:

explain the role of biology in shaping the scientific worldview; the contribution of biological theories to the formation of a modern natural-scientific picture of the world; the unity of animate and inanimate nature, the relationship of living organisms; the negative impact of alcohol, nicotine, narcotic substances on the embryonic and postembryonic development of a person; the impact of environmental factors on living organisms, the impact of mutagens on plants, animals and humans; interrelations and interaction of organisms and environment; causes and factors of evolution, variability of species; disturbances in the development of organisms, mutations and their significance in the occurrence of hereditary diseases; sustainability, development and change of ecosystems; the need to conserve species diversity;
solve elementary biological problems; draw up elementary crossbreeding schemes and schemes for the transfer of substances and energy transfer in ecosystems (food chains); describe the features of species according to morphological criteria;
identify adaptations of organisms to the environment, sources and presence of mutagens in the environment (indirectly), anthropogenic changes in the ecosystems of their area;

Compare biological objects: the chemical composition of animate and inanimate bodies, human and other animal embryos, natural ecosystems and agro-ecosystems of their area; processes (natural and artificial selection, sexual and asexual reproduction) and draw conclusions and generalizations based on comparison and analysis;

use the acquired knowledge and skills in practical activities and everyday life:

to comply with measures to prevent poisoning, viral and other diseases, stress, bad habits (smoking, alcoholism, drug addiction); rules of conduct in the natural environment;
first aid for traumatic, colds and other diseases, food poisoning;
assessment of the ethical aspects of some research in the field of biotechnology (cloning, artificial insemination).

As a result of mastering the discipline, the studentmust know/understand:

the main provisions of biological theories and patterns: cell theory, evolutionary doctrine, V.I. Vernadsky's doctrine of the biosphere, G. Mendel's laws, patterns of variability and heredity;
the structure and functioning of biological objects: cells, genes and chromosomes, the structure of the species and ecosystems;
the essence of biological processes: reproduction, fertilization, the action of artificial and natural selection, the formation of fitness, the origin of species, the circulation of substances and the transformation of energy in the cell, organism, ecosystems and biosphere;
the contribution of outstanding (including domestic) scientists to the development of biological science; biological terminology and symbolism;

1.4. The number of hours for mastering the program of the academic discipline:

the maximum study load of a student is 209 hours, including:

obligatory classroom teaching load of a student 139 hours;

student's independent work 70 hours.

2. STRUCTURE AND CONTENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

2.1. Volume of academic discipline and types of educational work

Type of study work	Watch volume
	nursing

Mandatory classroom teaching load (total)
including:
Workshops
Independent work of the student (total)
Final certification in the form of an oral exam
When studying the discipline BIOLOGY, the following forms of control of knowledge and skills of students are carried out: Current; Intermediate; Final. Current control is carried out by methods: oral, written, test. For the organization of intermediate control, testing and written verification work are carried out.

2.2. Thematic plan and content of the discipline"Biology"

Name of sections and topics		Watch volume	Level of development

1st semester
	Introduction.
Biology is a complex of sciences about wildlife.	Signs of living organisms. Diversity of living organisms
Levels of organization of living nature. The role of biology in the formation of the modern natural-science picture of the world	Level organization of living nature and evolution. Methods of knowledge of living nature. General laws of biology. The study of the basic patterns of the emergence, development and existence of life on Earth and its modern organization.
Section 1.	THE DOCTRINE ABOUT THE CELL.
Topic 1. 1. The cell is an elementary system. Chemical organization of the cell	A cell is an elementary living system and the main structural and functional unit of all living organisms.A Brief History of the Study of the Cell.
Topic 1. 2 Organic and inorganic substances of cells and living organisms	The chemical organization of the cell. Organic and inorganic substances of cells and living organisms. Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and their role in the cell.
	Compiling a crossword puzzle
Topic 1. 3. The structure and functions of the cell. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Viruses as a non-cellular form of life.	The structure and functions of the cell. prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Viruses as a non-cellular form of life and their significance. Fight against viral diseases (AIDS, etc.)
Topic 1. 4. Cytoplasm and cell membrane. cell organelles.	Cytoplasm and cell membrane. cell organelles.
	Independent work of students Make a table "The structure and functions of cell organelles."
Topic 1. 5. Metabolism and energy conversion in the cell. Plastic and energy metabolism	Metabolism and energy conversion in the cell: plastic and energy metabolism.
Topic 1. 6. Structure and functions of chromosomes	The structure and functions of chromosomes. DNA is the carrier of hereditary information.
	Independent work of students Make a model "The structure of the DNA molecule",
Topic 1. 7. DNA replication Genetic code.	DNA replication. Gene. Genetic code.
Theme 1.8 protein biosynthesis.	protein biosynthesis.
	Independent work of students Prepare didactic cards with the stages of protein biosynthesis
Topic 1. 9. Diversity of cells in a multicellular organism. The life cycle of a cell. Mitosis	Cells and their diversity in a multicellular organism.Cell differentiation. Cellular theory of the structure of organisms. The life cycle of a cell. Mitosis.
	Workshops 10. microscope device. Observation of plant and animal cells under a microscope on ready-made micropreparations. Their description. 1. 11. Preparation and description of micropreparations of plant cells. Comparison of plant and animal cells according to finished micropreparations 1. 12. Physical and chemical properties of the cytoplasm
Section 2	ORGANISM. REPRODUCTION AND INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE ORGANISM
Topic 2.1.	The body is one. Diversity of organisms.
Topic 2.2.	Reproduction is the most important property of living organisms. Asexual reproduction.
Topic 2.3. Sexual reproduction. Meiosis	Sexual reproduction. Meiosis.
	Independent work of students Draw didactic cards with the phases of meiosis, indicating the similarities and differences with mitosis.
Topic 2. 4. Formation of sex cells.	The formation of germ cells
	Independent work of students
Topic 2. 5. Fertilization. Individual development of the organism. Main stages of embryonic development.	Individual development of the organism. Embryonic stage of ontogeny. Main stages of embryonic development.
	Independent work of students Draw a diagram of the cleavage of a fertilized egg.
Topic 2. 6. Organogenesis. Postembryonic development.	Organogenesis. Postembryonic development.
	Workshops 2.9. The structure of gametes. Gametogenesis. 2. 10. Identification and description of signs of similarity between human embryos and other vertebrates as evidence of their evolutionary relationship 3. 12 .. Drawing up the simplest schemes of monohybrid crossing 3. 13. Solution of genetic problems modeling the patterns of monohybrid crossing. 3. 14. Drawing up the simplest schemes of dihybrid crossing. 3. 15. Examination for the 1st semester
	Independent work of students Draw a diagram of the formation of gametes.
2nd semester
Topic 2.7. Individual human development	Individual development of the organism. Causes of violations in the development of organisms.
Topic 2.8 Reproductive health. The consequences of the influence of alcohol, nicotine, drugs on human development.	Individual human development. reproductive health. The consequences of the influence of alcohol, nicotine, narcotic substances, environmental pollution on human development.
	Independent work of students Writing an essay on the topic: “Reproductive health. Causes leading to human infertility.
Section 3	BASICS OF GENETICS AND SELECTION
Topic 3. 1. Genetics - the science of the laws of heredity and variability of organisms. The laws of genetics established by G. Mendel.	Genetics is the science of the laws of heredity and the variability of organisms. G. Mendel is the founder of genetics. Genetic terminology and symbolism.
Topic 3. 2. Monohybrid cross	The laws of genetics established by G. Mendel. monohybrid cross
	Independent work of students Solution of genetic problems
Topic 3. 3. Dihybrid cross	The laws of genetics established by G. Mendel. Dihybrid cross
Topic 3. 4. Chromosomal theory of heredity	Chromosomal theory of heredity.
Topic 3. 5. Interaction of genes.	Interaction of genes.
	Independent work of students Independent problem solving
Topic 3. 6. Genetic sex determination. sex-linked inheritance	Sex genetics. sex-linked inheritance
Topic 3. 7.	The value of genetics for breeding and medicine
Topic 3. 8. Human hereditary diseases, their prevention.	Human hereditary diseases, their causes and prevention.
Topic 3. 9. Patterns of variability. Hereditary and modification variability.	Regularities of variability. hereditary or genotypic variability. modification variability.
	Independent work of students Give 5 own examples of gene mutations, chromosome mutations, genomic mutations.
Topic 3. 10. Genetics - the theoretical basis of selection. Domestication of animals.	Genetics is the theoretical basis of selection. The domestication of animals and the cultivation of cultivated plants are the initial stages of breeding. The teachings of N.I. Vavilov about the centers of diversity and origin of cultivated plants.
	Independent work of students Writing an essay or creating a presentation
Topic 3. 11. Basic selection methods. Biotechnology. Animal cloning	Basic breeding methods: hybridization and artificial selection. The main achievements of modern breeding of cultivated plants, domestic animals and microorganisms.
	Workshops 3.16. Solution of genetic problems modeling the regularities of dihybrid crossing. 3. 17. Solving problems for sex-linked inheritance. 3. 18. Analysis of phenotypic variability. Detection of mutagens in the environment and indirect assessment of their possible impact on the body.
	Independent work of students Essay writingor create a presentationon the importance of GMOs for modern medicine
Section 4	EVOLUTIONARY DOCTRINE

Topic 4. 1. History of development of evolutionary ideas. Significance of Linnaeus's works	History of development of evolutionary ideas. The significance of the works of C. Linnaeus, J.B. Lamarck in the development of evolutionary ideas in biology.
	Independent work of students Filling in the table: “Comparison of the views of K. Linnaeus and J.B. Lamarck"
Topic 4. 2. Ch.Darwin's evolutionary doctrine. Natural selection	The evolutionary doctrine of Ch. Darwin. Natural selection. The role of evolutionary doctrine in the formation of the modern natural-science picture of the world.
Topic 4. 3. The concept of the species, its criteria. Population is a structural unit of species and evolution	The concept of the species, its criteria. A population is a structural unit of a species and evolution. driving forces of evolution. Synthetic theory of evolution
Topic 4. 4. Microevolution. Modern concepts of speciation	Microevolution. Modern concepts of speciation (S.S. Chetverikov, I.I. Shmalgauzen).
	Independent work of students Abstract or presentation Drawing up a microevolutionary characteristic of a species
Topic 4.5. Macroevolution. Evidence for evolution	Macroevolution. Evidence for evolution.Preservation of biological diversity as the basis for the stability of the biosphere and its progressive development.
Topic 4. 6. The main directions of evolutionary progress.	Reasons for the extinction of species. The main directions of evolutionary progress. Biological progress and biological regression.
	Independent work of students Writing an essay on the topic "The evolution of the views of Charles Darwin and their modern assessment"
SECTION 5.	HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIFE ON EARTH

Topic 5. 1. Hypotheses of the origin of life. Brief history of the development of the organic world.	Hypotheses of the origin of life. Brief history of the development of the organic world. Complication of living organisms on Earth in the process of evolution.
	Independent work of students Writing essays or creating presentations on the topic “Proof of the impossibility of spontaneous generation of life
Topic 5. 2.Modern hypotheses about the origin of man. human evolution	Modern hypotheses about the origin of man. Evidence of relationship between humans and mammals. Human evolution.
	Independent work of students Writing a scientific-biological fairy tale "The Origin of Life".
Topic 5. 3. The unity of the origin of the human races	The unity of the origin of the human races.
	Workshops 5.4. Description of individuals of the same species according to morphological criteria. 5. 5. Analysis and evaluation of various hypotheses of the origin of life and man. 5. 6. Adaptation of organisms to different habitats (to water, land-air, soil).
SECTION 6.	BASICS OF ECOLOGY
Topic 6.1. Ecology is the science of the relationship of organisms, species and communities with the environment	Ecology is the science of the relationships between organisms and their environment.
Topic 6.2. Ecological factors, their importance in the life of the organism	Ecological factors, their importance in the life of organisms.
	Independent work of students Writing a report or creating a presentation
Topic 6. 3. Ecological systems. Interspecific relationships in ecosystems.
Topic 6.4. Food connections. Circulation of energy substances in ecosystems	Food connections, the circulation of substances and the transformation of energy in ecosystems.
	Independent work of students Writing a report or create a presentation
Topic 6.5. Causes of stability and change of ecosystems. Successions. artificial communities.	Causes of stability and change of ecosystems. Successions.Artificial communities - agroecosystems and urbanecosystems.
	Independent work of students Compilation of the table "The role of the components of the biosphere"
Topic 6.6. The teaching of V.I. Vernadsky about the biosphere. The biosphere is a global ecosystem. The role of living organisms in the biosphere.	The biosphere is a global ecosystem. The teachings of V.I. Vernadsky about the biosphere. The role of living organisms in the biosphere. Biomass.
Topic 6. 7. Circulation of the most important biogenic elements in the biosphere	Circulation of the most important biogenic elements (on the example of carbon, nitrogen, etc.) in the biosphere. Changes in the biosphere.
Topic 6.8. Global environmental problems and ways to solve them Noosphere	Consequences of human activities in the environment. The impact of production activities in the field of their future profession on the environment.Global environmental problems and ways to solve them. Ecology as a theoretical basis for rational nature management and nature conservation. Noosphere. Rules of human behavior in the natural environment.
	Workshops 6. 9. A comparative description of one of the natural systems (for example, forests) and some kind of agroecosystem (for example, a wheat field). 6. 10. Drawing up schemes for the transfer of substances and energy through food chains in a natural ecosystem. 6. 11. Description and practical creation of an artificial ecosystem. 6. 12. Solving environmental problems.
	Independent work of students Essay writingor create presentations on the topic "Historical analysis of the ecological relationship between mankind and nature."
Section 7	Bionics.
Topic 7. 1.Principles of the use of bionics in the practice of medicine	Bionics as one of the areas of biology and cybernetics, which considers the features of the morphological and physiological organization of living organisms and their use to create perfect technical systems and devices by analogy with living systems.
Topic 7. 2. The use of technical devices to restore the working capacity of the disabled	Principles and examples of the use of morphological and functional features of the organization of plants and animals in the economic activity of people
	Independent work of students Presentation on the theme "Biomechanics of natural and artificial organs, mechanical aspects of biomaterials".
Section 8	General lesson
Topic 8. 1. Main theories and laws of biology	Generalization of the material. Basic laws and theories of biology.
	Final lesson. Computer testing. Exam preparation
Total

To characterize the level of mastering the educational material, the following designations are used:

1 - introductory (recognition of previously studied objects, properties).

2 - reproductive (performing activities according to a model, instructions or under guidance).

3 - productive (planning and independent performance of activities, solving problematic

conditions for the implementation of the discipline program

3.1. Minimum Logistics Requirements

The implementation of the discipline program requires the presence of a BIOLOGY study room

Study room equipment:

tables, chairs for the teacher and students;
cabinets for storage, visual aids, educational and methodical documentation;
class board;

Technical training aids:

a computer
screen
interactive board
television
video recorder
DVD, CD disks with educational films and presentations.
multimedia projector

3.2. Information support of training

Main:

"General biology" V. M. Konstantinov M.: "Academy". 2012

Additional:

Zakharov V.B., Mamontov S.G., Sonin N.I. General biology. 10 cells Workbook. - M., 2001.

Konstantinov V.M., Ryazanova A.P. General biology. Proc. allowance for open source software. - M., 2002.

Ponomareva I.N., Kornilova O.A., Loshchilina E.N. General biology. 10 cells Textbook. - M., 2002.

Ponomareva I.N., Kornilova O.A., Loshchilina E.N. General biology. 11 cells Textbook. - M., 2002.

Chebyshev N.V. Biology. Textbook for Ssuzov. - M., 2010.

Yarygin V.N. Biology ed. Moscow Higher School 2006

For teachers

Konstantinov V.M., Ryazanov A.G., Fadeeva E.O. General biology. - M., 2006.

Belyaev D.K., Dymshits G.M., Ruvimsky A.O. General biology. - M., 2000.

Zakharov V.B., Mamontov S.G., Sivoglazov V.I. Biology. General patterns. - M., 1996

Profile websites of the Internet:

pedsovet. Su

website

Control and evaluation of the results of mastering the discipline

Control and evaluation of the results of mastering the discipline is carried out by the teacher in the process of conducting practical classes, testing and performing by students of individual tasks, projects, research.

Learning outcomes (learned skills, acquired knowledge):	Forms and methods of monitoring and evaluating learning outcomes
learned skills: 1. explain the role of biology in shaping the scientific worldview; the contribution of biological theories to the formation of a modern natural-scientific picture of the world; the unity of animate and inanimate nature, the relationship of living organisms; the negative impact of alcohol, nicotine, narcotic substances on the embryonic and postembryonic development of a person; the impact of environmental factors on living organisms, the impact of mutagens on plants, animals and humans; interrelations and interaction of organisms and environment; causes and factors of evolution, variability of species; disturbances in the development of organisms, mutations and their significance in the occurrence of hereditary diseases;	Solution of situational problems
2. solve elementary biological problems; draw up elementary crossbreeding schemes and schemes for the transfer of substances and energy transfer in ecosystems (food chains); describe the features of species according to morphological criteria;	Test control using information technology Solution of situational problems Evaluation of classroom and extracurricular independent work of students
3. to identify adaptations of organisms to the environment, sources and presence of mutagens in the environment (indirectly), anthropogenic changes in the ecosystems of their area;	Test control using information technology Solution of situational problems Evaluation of classroom and extracurricular independent work of students
	Test control using information technology Solution of situational problems Evaluation of classroom and extracurricular independent work of students
5. analyze and evaluate various hypotheses about the essence, origin of life and man, global environmental problems and their solutions, the consequences of their own activities in the environment;	Test control using information technology Solution of situational problems Evaluation of classroom and extracurricular independent work of students
find information about biological objects in various sources (textbooks, reference books, popular science publications, computer databases, Internet resources) and evaluate it critically;	Test control using information technology Solution of situational problems Evaluation of classroom and extracurricular independent work of students
learned knowledge: 1.explain the role of biology in shaping the scientific worldview; the contribution of biological theories to the formation of a modern natural-scientific picture of the world; the unity of animate and inanimate nature, the relationship of living organisms; the negative impact of alcohol, nicotine, narcotic substances on the embryonic and postembryonic development of a person; the impact of environmental factors on living organisms, the impact of mutagens on plants, animals and humans; interrelations and interaction of organisms and environment; causes and factors of evolution, variability of species; disturbances in the development of organisms, mutations and their significance in the occurrence of hereditary diseases; sustainability, development and change of ecosystems; the need to conserve species diversity;	Test control using information technology Solution of situational problems Evaluation of classroom and extracurricular independent work of students Test control using information technology Solution of situational problems Evaluation of classroom and extracurricular independent work of students
2. solve elementary biological problems; draw up elementary crossbreeding schemes and schemes for the transfer of substances and energy transfer in ecosystems (food chains); describe the features of species according to morphological criteria;	Test control using information technology Solution of situational problems Evaluation of classroom and extracurricular independent work of students
3. identify adaptations of organisms to the environment, sources and presence of mutagens in the environment (indirectly), anthropogenic changes in the ecosystems of their area;	Test control using information technology Solution of situational problems Evaluation of classroom and extracurricular independent work of students
4. compare biological objects: the chemical composition of animate and inanimate bodies, human and other animal embryos, natural ecosystems and agro-ecosystems of their area; processes (natural and artificial selection, sexual and asexual reproduction) and draw conclusions and generalizations based on comparison and analysis;	Test control using information technology Solution of situational problems Evaluation of classroom and extracurricular independent work of students
5. analyze and evaluate various hypotheses about the essence, origin of life and man, global environmental problems and their solutions, the consequences of their own activities in the environment;	Test control using information technology Solution of situational problems Evaluation of classroom and extracurricular independent work of students
6. find information about biological objects in various sources (textbooks, reference books, popular science publications, computer databases, Internet resources) and critically evaluate it;	Test control using information technology Solution of situational problems Evaluation of classroom and extracurricular independent work of students

ACADEMIC PROGRAM

Biology

The program of the discipline was developed on the basis of the Federal State Educational Standard (hereinafter referred to as the Federal State Educational Standard) in the specialties of secondary vocational education (hereinafter referred to as SVE)

Discipline: Biology

Specialty: 260807 Technology of catering products

Organization-developer: State Autonomous Educational Institution "Chistopol Polytechnic College"

Developers: Militskova N.E. - teacher of chemistry/biology __

Full name, academic degree, title, position

CONTENT

page

PASSPORT OF THE PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

STRUCTURE and content of the EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

conditions for the implementation of the academic discipline

13-14

Monitoring and evaluation of results Mastering the academic discipline(questions for self-control, practical and laboratory work, control work, tests, tickets for credit.)

15-16

1. passport of the PROGRAM OF EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINES

Biology

1.1. Scope of the program

The program of the academic discipline is part of the exemplary basic

professional educational program in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard

by specialties of secondary vocational education / profession

260807 Technology of catering products

1.2. The place of the academic discipline in the structure of the main professional educational program:discipline is included in the general education cycle.

1.3. Goals and objectives of the academic discipline - requirements for the results of mastering the academic discipline:

be able to:

explain the basic properties of living organisms;

explain the drawings and diagrams of the textbook, work with a microscope, make simple preparations for microscopic examination;

explain the processes of mitosis and meiosis, characterize the essence of sexual and asexual reproduction;

solve genetic problems, build variation curves, work with educational literature;

understand the need for practical selection and theoretical genetics to improve the efficiency of agricultural production;

explain the reasons for the emergence of a variety of species of living organisms and their adaptability to environmental conditions.

As a result of mastering the academic discipline, the student must know:

features of life as a form of existence of matter, the role of physical and chemical processes in living systems;

the provisions of the cell theory, the main functions of organelles, cytoplasm, the essence and significance of the cell theory, structural features of prokaryotes, eukaryotes;

the essence of ontogenesis, the significance of mitosis and meiosis in the implementation of continuity between generations, the patterns of individual development, the use of knowledge about them in the economy;

the essence of the processes of heredity and variability, types of crosses, genetic terminology, the chromosome theory of heredity, the importance of genetics for breeding and medicine.

plant and animal breeding methods;

centers of origin of cultivated plants. Successes of breeders, directions of biotechnology.

about the basic theory of biology - evolutionary, the causes of evolution, its patterns, driving forces.

main hypotheses for the origin of life on Earth.

The main stages of the evolution of man and human races.

maximum student workload ___117__ hours,

including:

obligatory classroom teaching load of the student __78___ hours;

student's independent work ___ 39__ hours.

2. STRUCTURE AND CONTENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

2.1 The scope of the academic discipline and types of educational work

Type of study work

Watch volume

117

Mandatory classroom teaching load (total)

including:

Laboratory works

practical work

test papers

Independent work of the student (total)

including:

abstract, extracurricular independent work, etc.).

Final certification in the form: exam

2.2 . T thematic plan and content of the discipline "Biology »

Namesections and topics

The content of educational material, laboratory work and practical classes, independent work of students,control Work

Watch volume

Level of development

Section 1

Topic1.1 The subject and tasks of general biology. Levels of organization of living matter

1. General biology as a science, research methods of connection with other sciences, its achievements. 2. Levels of organization of living nature. The kingdoms of wildlife

3. Diversity of organisms. Lab/work. №1 4. Features of life as a form of existence of matter, the role of physical and chemical processes in living systems. Entrance test №1 lesson 4

Section 2

The doctrine of the cell

22+10 s/r

Topic 2.1. Brief information from the history of the study of the cell. Cytology is the science of the cell.

5. The history of the doctrine of the cell. Cytology is the science of the cell. Basic provisions of the cell theory. Features of the structure and vital activity of cells of prokaryotes, eukaryotes 6. Cell theory

Independent work students with special literature on the topic “Brief information from the history of the study of the cell. Cytology is the science of the cell.

1 hour.

Topic 2.2. The content of chemical elements in the cell,

7. Chemical composition of the cell The content of chemical elements in the cell: water and other inorganic substances, their role. 8. Organic substances of the cell. Carbohydrates, lipids.

Independent work students with special literature on the topic “The content of chemical elements in the cell, their role. The similarity of the chemical composition of the cells of different organisms as evidence of their relationship.

2 o'clock

Topic 2.3. Proteins, amino acids. Nucleic acids, ATP. Biosynthesis of proteins.

9. Structure and functions of protein molecules, Structure of proteins. 10. Protein synthesis, the role of the gene in protein biosynthesis. DNA genetic code. Matrix synthesis reactions.

11-12. Nucleic acids; DNA, RNA types. L/ r №2 "Qualitative reactions to proteins"

Independent work students: writing essays on the topic “Protein structure, protein functions in the cell, ATP, DNA self-duplication, RNA types.

1 hour

Topic 2.4 . Cell structure. Viruses, AIDS prevention.

13. Metabolism and energy, stages of metabolism. 14. Stages of metabolism. Plastic and energy metabolism.

Independent work students: writing essays on the topic “The structure of the microscope; the main organelles of the cell. Viruses, AIDS Prevention»

2 o'clock

Topic 2.5 .. Metabolism and energy. Photosynthesis, its phases.

15. Photosynthesis. Phases of photosynthesis. 16. Light and shadow phase of photosynthesis. The results of photosynthesis.

17. Cell organelles The structure of the cell, the main organelles of the cell, the structural components of the cell.18. The difference between plant and animal cells. Viruses. L / r No. 3 "Studying the structure of plant and animal cells under a microscope"

Independent work of students with special literature on the topic “Gene and its role in biosynthesis. DNA genetic code"

1 hour.

Topic 2.6. Eukaryotic cell division.

19. Cell division To study the life cycle of a cell. Preparation of the cell for division. Interphase, DNA replication. 20. Mitosis, its phases. Haploid, diploid set of chromosomes. 21. Meiosis - division of germ cells. Meaning of mitosis and meiosis. 22. Vegetative reproduction of organisms. Forms of reproduction of organisms: asexual and sexual.

Independent work of students: on the topic "Forms of reproduction of organisms"

1 hour.

Topic 2.7. Ontogeny and its stages.

23. Ontogeny. give the concept of ontogenesis, the structure and composition of chromosomes; The formation of tissues, organs in the process of ontogenesis. 24. Stages of ontogeny. Embryonic and postembryonic development of organisms of various organisms

25-26. Generalization. Examinations on the topic "Teaching about the cell" No. 2

Independent work of students: writing essays on the topic “The harmful effects of nicotine and alcohol on human ontogenesis. Mutagenic properties of harmful substances accumulating in the atmosphere. Hereditary diseases and prevention, preventing students from forming bad habits.

2 o'clock

SECTION 3.

Fundamentals of genetics

12+8 hours.

Topic 3.1. Subject, tasks and methods of genetics. I law of Mendel

27. Genetics, basic concepts of genetics; terminology and symbols; features of methods for studying genetics; genotype and phenotype; heredity and variation. 28. I law of Mendel - Monohybrid crossing. L / r No. 4 "Identification of plant phenotypes."

Independent work of students with special literature on the topic “Heredity, variability, genotype, phenotype. Hybridological method of studying heredity. Monohybrid crossing, Mendel's I law.

1 hour.

Topic 3.2. Dihybrid cross.

29. II Mendel's law; the course of splitting during dihybrid crossing; the law of linked inheritance. Chromosomal theory of heredity Morgan's law. The value of genetics in medicine and health care. 30. Pr / r No. 1. "Solving genetic problems and compiling pedigrees". 31. Linked inheritance. 32. Morgan's law.

Independent work on the topic “Dihybrid crossing, the law of independent inheritance and its cytological foundations. Chromosomal theory of heredity, Hereditary diseases linked to sex in humans. The value of genetics in medicine and health care. The harmful effects of nicotine, alcohol and drugs on heredity.

3 o'clock

Topic 3.3. modification variability. reaction rate. Variational rad, combined variability.

33. Mutations, their causes. Ignorance and its types. modification variability. reaction rate. Variation series. L / r No. 5 “The study of the variability of plants and animals, the construction of a variation series and a curve." 34. Causes and consequences of variability. Determination of mutational variability.

Independent work with special literature on the topic: “Definition of modification variability; reaction rate, variation series.

2 o'clock

Topic 3.4. hereditary variability. Mutations and their causes.

35. Types of mutations in plant plants. Laboratory work "Variability in plants and animals."

36 Impact of environmental pollution with mutagens on human health; beneficial and harmful effects of mutations on the body.

37-38. Genetics-generalization. Test work.

Independent work on the topic: writing essays “Mutations, their causes and significance. Danger of environmental pollution by mutagens. The use of mutations in breeding for the development of new forms of plants.

2 o'clock

Section 4

Selection basics

6+4s/r

Topic 4.1. Tasks and methods of selection.

39. Plant breeding, selection definition; the importance of genetics for selection; genetics as a scientific basis for the selection of organisms, breed, variety, strain. The role of artificial selection. 40. The doctrine of N.I. Vavilov about the centers of origin of cultural teachings of Vavilov, the law of homological series. Pr / r No. 2 "Compilation of cross-breeding schemes."

Independent work with special literature on the topic “Breeding methods, genetics as a scientific basis for the selection of organisms, breed, variety, strain. Biography of N.I. Vavilov, V.V. Michurin.

2 hour

Topic 4.2. Plant breeding, artificial selection in plant breeding.

41. Animal breeding: selection, hybridization, induced mutagenesis, polyploidy, polyploidy, heterosis phenomenon; achievements and main directions of modern breeding. 42 Selection methods.L/r. No. 6 “Studying the results of artificial selection on the example of plant varieties or breeds of domestic animals”

43-44. selection of microorganisms. The main directions of biotechnology. the importance of selection for the development of agricultural production, medical, microbiological and other industries.Test work.

Independent work with special literature on the topic “Plant breeding, artificial selection in plant breeding. Polyploidy. induced mutagenesis. Cellular engineering. Achievements in plant breeding. Animal selection. Heterosis, its use in animal husbandry. Animal breeding achievements. selection of microorganisms. The main directions of biotechnology.»

2 o'clock

Section 5

evolutionary doctrine

16+10s/r

Topic 5. 1. Metaphysical period in the history of biology. K. Linnaeus.

45. Evolutionary doctrine. Definition of a metaphysical worldview; the significance of the works of Linnaeus and Lamarck; driving forces of evolution according to Lamarck;

46. History of formation. The first evolutionary doctrine of J. B. Lamarck. Prerequisites for the emergence of the teachings of Charles Darwin.

Independent work: writing essays on the topic “Metaphysical period in the history of biology. K. Linnaeus. The first evolutionary doctrine of J. B. Lamarck.

1 hour.

Topic 5.2. Ch.Darvind's doctrine of evolution, artificial selection, its role in the creation of new forms.

47. Darwin's evolutionary theory. The main provisions of the teachings of Ch. Darwin; determination of the driving forces of evolution; history of Darwinism. 48. Evidence of evolution.

Independent work of students with special literature on the topic “Metaphysical period in the history of biology. K. Linnaeus. The first evolutionary doctrine of J. B. Lamarck. Prerequisites for the emergence of the teachings of Charles Darwin.»

1 hour.

Topic 5.3. Species, its criteria The struggle for existence and natural selection are the driving forces of evolution.

49. View. population.Microevolution. Definition of microevolution. Modern ideas about speciation (S.Sletverinov, I.I. Shmalgauzen).50. View criteria.L / r No. 7 "Study of the morphological criterion of the species."51-52. The struggle for existence and natural selection are the driving forces of evolution. 53-54. The creative role of natural selection is driving and stabilizing.

Independent work of students with special literature on the topic “The struggle for existence and natural selection are the driving forces of evolution. The creative role of natural selection is driving and stabilizing"

2 o'clock.

Topic 5.4. The fitness of organisms.

55-56 Fitness of organisms . L / r No. 8 "The adaptability of organisms to the environment as a result of natural selection."

Independent work of students on the topic "The fitness of organismsnatural selection. The relative nature of fitness."

2 o'clock

Topic 5. 5 . Macroevolution. Main directions of evolution .

57. - 58. Macroevolution. The main directions of organic evolution; ways to achieve biological progress and biological regression (A.I. Severtsov). Ways to achieve biological progress.

59-60. Directions of evolution. Generalization. Examination No. 4 on the topic "Evolution"

Independent work: writing essays on the topic “Macroevolution. The main directions of evolution: biological progress and biological regress"

2 o'clock

Section 6

Origin of life

8+2s/r

Topic 6.1. Prescientific ideas about the spontaneous generation of life.

61. The emergence of life. Pre-scientific theories about the spontaneous generation of life; 62. Works of L. Pasteur, their significance for sterilization and pasteurization. The first scientific attempts to explain the essence and process of the origin of life.

Independent work on the topic “Pre-scientific ideas about the spontaneous generation of life. The first scientific attempts to explain the essence and process of the origin of life. Experiments by F. Redi and experiments by L. Pasteur.”

2 o'clock

Topic 6.2. The hypothesis of the origin of life on earth . Brief

history of the development of the organic world.

63-64 Works L.I. Oparina about the origin of life on Earth; a brief history of the development of the organic world.Pr/ r#3 "Analysis and evaluation of various hypotheses for the origin of life".65-66. The development of life on Earth before the Mesozoic. Geological table.

67-68 Development of life on Earth in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic»

Section 7

Human Origins

5+2s/r

Topic 7.1. Proof of the origin of man from animals.

69. Evidence of the origin of man from animals. Ch. Darwin's theory of the origin of man; rudiments, atavisms; signs of similarities between humans and apes. 70. Driving forces of anthropogenesis. Social, biological. The role of the laws of social life and its laws in the social progress of mankind.

Independent work with special literature on the topic “Ch. Darwin on the origin of man from animals. The role of the laws of social life and its regularities in the social progress of mankind.

1hour.

Topic 7.2. The main stages of human evolution.

71.Social and biological background

72 . Stages of the evolution of anthropogenesis: the most ancient, ancient and fossil people of the modern type.

73 . Human races, their origin and unity; essence and failure of racism.

Independent work of students: answers to control questions on the topic “The main stages of human evolution: ancient, ancient and fossil people of the modern type. Human races, their origin and unity.

1hour.

Section 8

Biosphere and man.

3 +3s/r

Topic 8.1. Ecology.

74. Ecology. environmental factors. Habitat, types of environments Types of relationships between organisms, food connections. food chains. Biomass pyramid.

Topic 8.2. BiosphereInterrelation of nature and society.

75. Biosphere, Circulation of in-in in the Biosphere Boundaries of life. Pr / r No. 4 "Solving environmental problems."

Independent work on the topic: “Anthropogenic factors influencing biocenoses (the role of man in nature). Problems of rational nature management, nature protection: protection from pollution, preservation of standards and monuments of nature, provision of natural resources to the population of the planet.

Topic 8.3. Biology of nature conservation. Bionics

76. Biogeocenosis, species, diversity. Biosphere - the doctrine of the biosphere as a global shell of the earth. Measures for the formation of ecological complexes, ecological education.

Independent work on the topic: Problems of rational nature management, nature protection: protection from pollution, preservation of standards and monuments of nature, provision of natural resources to the population of the planet.

77-78. Final control work.

Total:

78+39 s/r

To characterize the level of mastering the educational material, the following designations are used:

3. conditions for the implementation of the academic discipline

3.1. Minimum Logistics Requirements

The implementation of the academic discipline requires the presence of a study room _____1________; laboratories ______1_____.

Classroom equipment: seats according to the number of students, a teacher's workplace, a set of visual aids for the subject "Biology"

Teaching aids: computer, screen, projector, printer.

3.2. Information support of training

Main sources:

Additional sources:

9. Yanenko I. N. "Extracurricular work but general biology with a professional orientation." M .: "higher school", 1999.

10. Yanenko I. N. “Modern trends in the development of biotechnology”. M .: "higher school", 2002.

1 1. Big encyclopedia of knowledge "Life on Earth". M: ROSMEN, 2008.

The program is written for specialties:

35.02.07 - "Mechanization of agriculture"

35.02.12. – “Gardening and landscape construction”

23.02.03 - "Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles"

21.02.05. – “Land and property relations”

In the amount of maximum load 54 hours. Developed by the author, taking into account the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standards of the SPO and an exemplary program.

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Department of Education and Science of the Kostroma Region

OGBPOU "Sharya Agricultural College"

Kostroma region"

Working programm

Disciplines Biology

For specialties:

35.02.07 - "Mechanization of agriculture"

23.02.03 - "Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles"

21.02.05. – “Land and property relations”

2015

APPROVED

Subject (cycle)

Commission ____________________________

Chairman ______________________

"__" _________________________ 2015

Approved:

Order No. _____ dated ____________ 20

Deputy Director for Academic Affairs _______________ Lisina I.M.

developed on the basis of the Federal State Educational Standard in the specialty of secondary vocational education 35.02.07 - "Agricultural mechanization".

35.02.12. – “Gardening and landscape construction”

Reviewers: _________________________________________________________

Academic discipline programdeveloped on the basis of the Federal State Educational Standard (hereinafter - GEF) in the specialty of secondary vocational education (hereinafter SVE)

35.02.07 - "Mechanization of agriculture".

35.02.12. – “Gardening and landscape construction”

23.02.03 - "Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles".

21.02.05. - "Land and property relations".

Developers:

Kazarina N.I., Lecturer, Sharya Agricultural College of the Kostroma Region

Review:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CONTENT

	page
PASSPORT OF THE WORKING PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE
STRUCTURE AND CONTENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE
CONDITIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WORK PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE
CONTROL AND EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS OF MASTERING THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

1. PASSPORT OF THE PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

1.1. Scope of the program

The work program of the academic discipline is part of an exemplary basic professional educational program in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard in the specialty 35.02.07 - “Agricultural mechanization”.

35.02.12. – “Gardening and landscape construction”

23.02.03 - "Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles".

21.02.05. - "Land and property relations".

1.2. The place of discipline in the structure of the main professional educational program:discipline is included in the general education cycle.

1.3. The goals and objectives of the discipline are the requirements for the results of mastering the discipline:

Mastering the content of the discipline "Biology" ensures that students achieve the following results:

personal:

−− formation of a sense of pride and respect for history and achievements

domestic biological science; ideas about a holistic natural

scientific picture of the world;

−− understanding the interconnection and interdependence of the natural sciences, their impact on the environment, economic, technological, social and ethical spheres of human activity;

−− the ability to use knowledge about the modern natural-scientific picture of the world in educational and professional activities; capabilities

information environment to ensure productive self-education;

−− possession of a culture of thinking, the ability to generalize, analyze, perceive information in the field of natural sciences, set goals and choose

ways to achieve it in the professional field;

−− the ability to be guided in their activities by modern principles of tolerance, dialogue and cooperation; willingness to interact with colleagues, work in a team;

−− readiness to use the main methods of protection against the possible consequences of accidents, catastrophes, natural disasters;

−− possessing the skills of safe work during design, research and experimental activities, using laboratory equipment;

−− the ability to use acquired knowledge and skills in practical

activities and daily life to comply with measures to prevent poisoning, viral and other diseases, stress, bad habits (smoking, alcoholism, drug addiction); rules of conduct in the natural environment;

−− readiness to provide first aid in case of injuries, colds and other diseases, food poisoning;

metasubject:

−− awareness of the social significance of one's profession/specialty, possession of motivation to carry out professional activities;

1 The exam is conducted by decision of a professional educational organization or at will

students in the study of the academic discipline "Biology" as a profile academic discipline.

− increasing the intellectual level in the process of studying biological

phenomena; outstanding achievements of biology, included in the universal culture; complex and contradictory ways of developing modern scientific views, ideas, theories, concepts, hypotheses (about the essence and origin of life, man) in the course of working with various sources of information;

−− the ability to organize cooperation of like-minded people, including using modern information and communication

technologies;

−− the ability to understand the principles of sustainability and productivity of living nature, ways of its change under the influence of anthropogenic factors, the ability to systematically analyze global environmental problems, issues of the state of the environment and rational use of natural resources;

−− the ability to substantiate the place and role of biological knowledge in the practical activities of people, the development of modern technologies; identify living objects in nature; carry out observations of ecosystems in order to describe them and identify natural and anthropogenic changes; find and analyze information about living objects;

−− ability to apply biological and ecological knowledge for analysis

applied problems of economic activity;

−− ability to independently conduct research, set up a natural-science experiment, use information technologies to solve scientific and professional problems;

−− ability to assess the ethical aspects of some research in the field of biotechnology (cloning, artificial insemination);

subject:

−− formation of ideas about the role and place of biology in the modern scientific picture of the world; understanding the role of biology in shaping the outlook and functional literacy for solving practical problems;

−− possession of fundamental concepts and ideas about living nature, its level organization and evolution; confident use of biological terminology and symbols;

−− mastery of the basic methods of scientific knowledge used in biological studies of living objects and ecosystems: description, measurement, observation; identification and assessment of anthropogenic

changes in nature;

−− formation of skills to explain the results of biological experiments, to solve elementary biological problems;

−− the formation of one's own position in relation to biological information obtained from various sources, global environmental

problems and ways to solve them.

the maximum study load of a student is 54 hours, including:

obligatory classroom teaching load of the student 36 hours;

independent work of the student 8 hours.

2. STRUCTURE AND CONTENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

2.1. Volume of academic discipline and types of educational work

Type of study work	Watch volume

Mandatory classroom teaching load (total)
including:
laboratory works
practical work
test papers
Independent work of the student (total)
including:
Writing an essay / making an electronic presentation / on a given topic
Topics of extracurricular independent work
final examinationin the form of differentiated offset

2.2. Thematic plan and content of the discipline"BIOLOGY"

Name of sections and topics			Watch volume	Level of development

Introduction
		Introduction. Biology as a science. Methods of scientific knowledge. Signs of living organisms. variety of living organisms. Level organization of living nature and evolution. Methods of knowledge of living nature. General laws of biology. The subject of study of the general course "Biology", the goals and objectives of the course. Demonstrations Biological systems of different levels: cell, organism, population, ecosystem, biosphere. Kingdoms of nature.
Section 1 A cell is a unit of life.
Topic 1.1. Cell structure.
		Cell structure.Development of knowledge about the cell (R. Hooke, R. Virchow, K. Baer, M. Schleiden and T. Schwann). Cell theory. The role of cellular theory in the formation of the modern natural-science picture of the world. The main parts and organelles of the cell, their functions; prenuclear and nuclear cells. The structure and functions of chromosomes. Cell division - mitosis. Lab 1 Observation of plant and animal cells under a microscope on ready-made micropreparations, their description. Demonstrations The structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, the structure and diversity of plant and animal cells. The structure of the virus. Photographs of the schemes of the structure of chromosomes. Diagram of the structure of the gene. Mitosis.
Topic 1.2. The chemical composition of a living cell.
		Chemical organization of the cell. Elementary composition of living matter: macroelements, bioelements and microelements; the content and role of water and mineral salts in the cell. Organic substances of the cell: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, RNA, DNA ATP. The structure and biological significance of coaldov, lipids and vitamins. RNA, ATP, genetic code.DNA is the carrier of hereditary information. The significance of the constancy of the number and shape of chromosomes in cells. Gene. Plastic and energy metabolism. The structure and functions of chromosomes. DNA is the carrier of hereditary information. DNA replication. Gene. Genetic code. protein biosynthesis. Demonstrations The structure and structure of the protein. Structure of DNA and RNA molecules. DNA replication. Schemes of energy metabolism and protein biosynthesis.
Section 2. Organism.
Topic 2.1. The body is one
		reproduction of organisms.The body is a whole. Diversity of organisms. Reproduction is the most important property of living organisms. Sexual and asexual reproduction. Meiosis. The formation of germ cells and fertilization. Diversity of organisms. Fertilization in plants. Demonstrations Diversity of organisms. Metabolism and energy conversion in the cell. Photosynthesis. Cell division. Mitosis.
		Embryonic stage of ontogeny. Main stages of embryonic development. Organogenesis. Postembryonic development. The similarity of the embryos of representatives of different groups of vertebrates as evidence of their evolutionary relationship. Causes of violations in the development of organisms. Individual human development.reproductive health. Consequences of the influence of alcohol, nicotine, narcotic substances, environmental pollution on development person. Demonstrations asexual reproduction of organisms. The formation of germ cells. Meiosis. Fertilization in plants. Individual development of the organism. Types of postembryonic development of animals
	Subject control:Card work
	Independent work Approximate topics of extracurricular independent work: Writing an essay on topics 2.1.- 2.2.
SECTION 3 Fundamentals of genetics and selection.
Topic 3.1. Basic concepts of genetics and selection.
		Genetics is the science of the laws of heredity and the variability of organisms.G. Mendel is the founder of genetics. Genetic terminology and symbolism. The laws of genetics established by G. Mendel. Heredity and variability are properties of organisms. D. Genetic terminology and symbolism. Patterns of inheritance established by G. Mendel. Chromosomal theory of heredity. Modern ideas about the gene and genome.Dihybrid cross.Mendel's third law. Mendel's experiments on crossing peas. Demonstrations Monohybrid and dihybrid crosses. Crossover of chromosomes. Linked inheritance.
		Regularities of variability.Hereditary, or genotypic, variability. Modification, or non-hereditary, variability. Human genetics. Genetics and medicine. Material bases of heredity and variability. Genetics and evolutionary theory. Population genetics Demonstrations Mutations. Hereditary human diseases. Influence of alcoholism, drug addiction, smoking on heredity.
	Control on the topic in the form of testing.
		Fundamentals of plant, animal and microbial breeding.Genetics is the theoretical basis of selection. The domestication of animals and the cultivation of cultivated plants are the initial stages of breeding. Teachings of N. I. Vavilov about the centers of diversity and origin of cultivated plants. Basic breeding methods: hybridization and artificial selection. The main achievements of modern breeding of cultivated plants, domestic animals and microorganisms. Biotechnology, its achievements and development prospects.Ethical aspects some advances in biotechnology. Animal cloning(human cloning problems). Demonstrations Centers of diversity and origin of cultivated plants and domestic animals. Hybridization. artificial selection.
		Practice 1. Solving problems for mono- and dihybrid crosses.Conducting biological research: identifying signs of similarity between human embryos and other mammals as evidence of their relationship, sources of mutagens in the environment (indirectly) and assessing the possible consequences of their influence on one's own body; drawing up the simplest crossbreeding schemes;solution of elementary genetic problems; analysis and evaluation of the ethical aspects of the development of some research in biotechnology.
	Control
	Independent workMaking presentations on the topic 3.6.
SECTION 4. Origin and development of life on Earth. evolutionary doctrine.
Topic 4.1. The emergence of biology in the pre-Darwinian period.
		The emergence of biology in the pre-Darwinian period.The concept of evolution, the system of organic nature by C. Linnaeus, the evolutionary theory of J. B. Lamarck, the contribution to the theory of evolution by J. Cuvier and C. Bera.History of evolutionary ideas. The significance of the works of K. Linnaeus, the teachings of J.B. Lamarck, the evolutionary theory of Ch. Darwin. Origin of life on earth. Hypotheses of the origin of life. Complication of living organisms on Earth in the process of evolution. Hypothesis A.I. Oparin, experiments by S. Miller and S. Fox. Panspermia is the hypothesis of eternal life, the hypothesis of spontaneous generation of life. The beginning of the development of life on Earth. Development of the organic world in the Archean, Proterozoic and Paleozoic eras.The development of the organic world in the late period.Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras.
Topic 4.2. Darwin's doctrine of evolution.
		Darwin's doctrine of evolution.The history of creation and the main provisions of the theory of Ch. Darwin.The role of evolutionary doctrine in the formation of the modern natural-science picture of the world. The driving forces of evolution, their influence on the gene pool of the population. Synthetic theory of evolution. The results of evolution. Conservation of species diversity as a basis for sustainable development of the biosphere. Demos The evolutionary tree of the plant world. An evolutionary tree of the animal kingdom. Representatives of rare and endangered species of plants and animals.
Topic 4.3. View, its criteria and structure.
		View, its criteria and structure.View, its criteria. A population is a structural unit of a species, a unit of evolution. Microevolution. Modern concepts of speciation (S.S. Chetverikov, I.I. Shmalgauzen). Reasons for the struggle for existence. macroevolution , transitional forms of organisms, phylogenetic series. Evidence for evolution. Preservation of biological diversity as the basis for the stability of the biosphere and its progressive development.Reasons for the extinction of species. The main directions of evolutionary progress. Biological progress and biological regression. Demos View criteria. Population structure.
		Practice 2.Description of individuals of the same species according to morphological criteria.Adaptation of organisms to different habitats (aquatic, terrestrial-air, soil). Analysis and evaluation of various hypotheses of the origin of life and man. The adaptation of organisms to environmental conditions.Fitness: protective coloration and defensive behavior, other forms of fitness. Demos View criteria. Population structure. Adaptive features of organisms, their relative nature.
	Control on the topic in the test form
SECTION 5. The origin of man
Topic 5.1. Human Origins.
		Human Origins. Anthropogenesis. The evolution of primates. Modern hypotheses about the origin of man. Evidence of relationship between humans and mammals. Stages of human evolution. human races.Kinship and unity of origin of human races. Criticism of racism. Demonstrations Similarities and differences between humans and animals. Similarities between humans and primates. Human Origins. human races.
	Independent workWork with additional literature.
SECTION 6. Fundamentals of ecology
Topic 6.1. Fundamentals of ecology.
		Fundamentals of ecology.Ecology - the science of the relationship of organisms with each other and the environment.Ecological factors, their importance in the life of organisms. Ecological systems. Species and spatial structure of ecosystems. Food connections, the circulation of substances and the transformation of energy in ecosystems. Interspecies relationships Demonstrations Ecological factors and their influence on organisms. Layering of the plant community. Food chains and networks in the biocenosis. ecological pyramids. Ecosystem diagram.
		Control on the topic in the form of individual work on cards.
Topic 6.2. Biosphere and biomass. Functions of living matter in the biosphere.
		The teachings of V.I. Vernadsky about the biosphere.The biosphere is a global ecosystem. The teachings of V.I. Vernadsky about the biosphere. Evolution of the biosphere. The role of living organisms in the biosphere. Biomass. Circulation of the most important biogenic elements (on the example of carbon, nitrogen, etc.) in the biosphere. Changes in the biosphere. Consequences of human activities in the environment. The impact of production activities in the field of their future profession on the environment. Global environmental problems and ways to solve them. Rules of behavior in the natural environment. Demonstrations The cycle of matter and the transformation of energy in the ecosystem.
		Control
Topic 6.3. Habitat for living organisms. The relationship of organisms in communities.
		Fundamentals of nature conservation. Practice 3 Description of anthropogenic changes in the natural landscapes of their area. Comparative description of one of the natural systems (for example, forest) and some kind of agro-ecosystem (for example, a wheat field). Drawing up schemes for the transfer of substances and energy along food chains in natural ecosystem and in agrocenosis.
		Control on the topic in the form of a test paper.
Topic 6.4. Bionics. Genetic Engineering.
		Self-study Bionics. Genetic engineering as one of the areas of biology and cybernetics. Principles and examples of the use of morphological and functional features of the organization of plants and animals in the economic activity of people.
		Independent work: Making presentations

The program of the academic discipline "Biology" is part of the general education of students in institutions of secondary vocational education. Compiled on the basis of an exemplary program in biology for the specialties of secondary vocational education.

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Ministry of Education of the Tver Region

G state budgetary educational institution

secondary vocational education

"Ostashkov College"

ACADEMIC PROGRAM

Biology

Ostashkov 2013

Organization-developer: State budgetary educational institution of secondary vocational education "Ostashkov College", Ostashkov.

Developers:

Kozlyakova O.A., teacher of the highest category, SBEI SPO "Ostashkov College", Ostashkov

Minutes of the meeting of the subject cyclic methodological commission

No. _________ dated "___" __________________ 2013

1. passport of the PROGRAM of the EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

BIOLOGY

Scope of the program

1.2. The place of discipline in the structure of the main professional educational program:

discipline is included in the general education cycle.

1.3. The goals and objectives of the discipline are the requirements for the results of mastering the discipline:

As a result of mastering the discipline, the student should be able to:

explain the role of biology in shaping the scientific worldview; the contribution of biological theories to the formation of a modern natural-scientific picture of the world; the unity of animate and inanimate nature, the relationship of living organisms; the negative impact of alcohol, nicotine, narcotic substances on the embryonic and postembryonic development of a person; the impact of environmental factors on living organisms, the impact of mutagens on plants, animals and humans; interrelations and interaction of organisms and environment; causes and factors of evolution, variability of species; disturbances in the development of organisms, mutations and their significance in the occurrence of hereditary diseases; sustainability, development and change of ecosystems; the need to conserve species diversity;
solve elementary biological problems; draw up elementary crossbreeding schemes and schemes for the transfer of substances and energy transfer in ecosystems (food chains); describe the features of species according to morphological criteria;
identify adaptations of organisms to the environment, sources and presence of mutagens in the environment (indirectly), anthropogenic changes in the ecosystems of their area;
compare biological objects: the chemical composition of animate and inanimate bodies, human and other animal embryos, natural ecosystems and agroecosystems of their area; processes (natural and artificial selection, sexual and asexual reproduction) and draw conclusions and generalizations based on comparison and analysis;
analyze and evaluate various hypotheses about the essence, origin of life and man, global environmental problems and their solutions, the consequences of their own activities in the environment;
study changes in ecosystems on biological models;
find information about biological objects in various sources (textbooks, reference books, popular science publications, computer databases, Internet resources) and evaluate it critically;

As a result of mastering the discipline, the student should know:

the main provisions of biological theories and patterns: cell theory, evolutionary doctrine, V.I. Vernadsky's doctrine of the biosphere, G. Mendel's laws, patterns of variability and heredity;
the structure and functioning of biological objects: cells, genes and chromosomes, the structure of the species and ecosystems;
the essence of biological processes: reproduction, fertilization, the action of artificial and natural selection, the formation of fitness, the origin of species, the circulation of substances and the transformation of energy in the cell, organism, ecosystems and biosphere;
the contribution of outstanding (including domestic) scientists to the development of biological science;
biological terminology and symbolism;

1.4. The number of hours for mastering the discipline program:

maximum study load 112 hours
including:
mandatory classroom teaching load 78 hours;
independent work 34 hours.

2. STRUCTURE AND CONTENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

2.1. Volume of academic discipline and types of educational work

Type of study work	Watch volume

Mandatory classroom teaching load (total)
including:
Practical work
Independent work of the student (total)
including:
Preparation of abstracts
Making a basic outline
Drawing up diagrams and tables
Working with additional literature
Final certification in the form of credit 2

2.2. Thematic plan and content of the discipline Biology

Name of sections and topics		Watch volume	Level of development

Introduction	The object of study of biology is wildlife. Signs of living organisms. variety of living organisms. Level organization of living nature and evolution. Methods of knowledge of living nature. General laws of biology. The subject of study of the general course "Biology", the goals and objectives of the course. The study of the basic patterns of the emergence, development and existence of life on Earth and its modern organization. The role of biology in the formation of the modern natural-scientific picture of the world and in the practical activities of people. Compliance with the rules of behavior in nature, respect for biological objects (plants and animals and their communities) and their protection.
SECTION 1. STUDY ABOUT THE CELL
TEACHING ABOUT THE CELL
	1. Chemical organization of the cell. Organic and inorganic substances of cells and living organisms. Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and their role in the cell. 2. A cell is an elementary living system and the main structural and functional unit of all living organisms. 3. The structure and functions of the cell. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Viruses as a non-cellular form of life and their significance. Fight against viral diseases (AIDS, etc.) Cytoplasm and cell membrane. cell organelles. 4. Metabolism and energy conversion in the cell: plastic and energy metabolism. The structure and functions of chromosomes. DNA is the carrier of hereditary information. DNA replication. Gene. Genetic code. protein biosynthesis. 5. Cells and their diversity in a multicellular organism.Cell differentiation. Cellular theory of the structure of organisms. The life cycle of a cell. Mitosis.
	Practical work (No. 1) Description of micropreparations of plant cells. Comparison of the structure of plant and animal cells according to ready-made micropreparations.
	Independent work Organic substances of a plant cell, evidence of their presence in the plant. Vitamins, enzymes and hormones and their role in the body. Violations in their deficiency and excess. Prokaryotic organisms and their role in biocenoses. The practical significance of prokaryotic organisms (on the examples of specific species). Cell of eukaryotic organisms. Membrane principle of its organization. Structural and functional difference between plant and animal cells. Mitochondria as energy stations of cells. Stages of energy metabolism in various parts of mitochondria. The structure and functions of ribosomes and their role in protein biosynthesis. The nucleus as a control center for the life of the cell, the preservation and transmission of hereditary traits in generations. Cellular theory of the structure of organisms. History and current state. 2. Draw diagrams of the structure of plant and animal cells and the main cell organelles. 3. Studying the issue of photosynthesis and chemosynthesis.
SECTION 2. ORGANISM. REPRODUCTION AND INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANISMS
ORGANISM. REPRODUCTION AND INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANISMS
	1. The body is a single whole. Diversity of organisms. Reproduction is the most important property of living organisms. Sexual and asexual reproduction. Meiosis. The formation of germ cells and fertilization. 2. Individual development of the organism. Embryonic stage of ontogeny. Main stages of embryonic development. Organogenesis. Postembryonic development. 3. The similarity of the embryos of representatives of different groups of vertebrates as evidence of their evolutionary relationship. Causes of violations in the development of organisms. Individual human development. reproductive health. The consequences of the influence of alcohol, nicotine, narcotic substances, environmental pollution on human development.
	Practical work (No. 2) 1. Identification and description of signs of similarity between human embryos and other vertebrates as evidence of their evolutionary relationship.
	Independent work 1. Preparation of an abstract on the topic: Asexual reproduction, its diversity and practical use. Sexual reproduction and its biological significance. Alternation of sexual and asexual reproduction in the life cycles of horsetails, ferns, protozoa. The biological significance of alternation of generations. Parthenogenesis and gynogenesis in vertebrates and their biological significance. Embryological evidence for the evolutionary relationship of animals. The biological significance of metamorphosis in the postembryonic development of animals. Influence of the environment and its pollution on the development of organisms. The impact of smoking, alcohol and drug use by parents on the embryonic development of the child.
SECTION 3. BASICS OF GENETICS AND BREEDING
BASICS OF GENETICS AND SELECTION
	1. The laws of genetics established by G. Mendel. Monohybrid and dihybrid crossing Chromosomal theory of heredity.Interaction of genes. Sex genetics. sex-linked inheritance. The value of genetics for breeding and medicine. Human hereditary diseases, their causes and prevention. 2. Patterns of variability. hereditary or genotypic variability. modification variability. Genetics is the theoretical basis of selection. 3. Domestication of animals and cultivation of cultivated plants are the initial stages of breeding. The teachings of N.I. Vavilov about the centers of diversity and origin of cultivated plants. Basic breeding methods: hybridization and artificial selection. The main achievements of modern breeding of cultivated plants, domestic animals and microorganisms. Biotechnology, its achievements and development prospects.Ethical aspects of some achievements in biotechnology. Animal cloning (problems of human cloning).
	Practical work (No. 3, No. 4) 1. Drawing up the simplest schemes of monohybrid and dihybrid crossing. 2. Solution of genetic problems. Analysis of phenotypic variability.
	Independent work 1. Preparation of an abstract on the topic: Patterns of phenetic and genetic variability. Hereditary information and its transmission from generation to generation. Dramatic pages in the history of the development of genetics. Advances in modern genetics in medicine and public health. Centers of diversity and origin of cultivated plants. Centers of diversity and origin of domestic animals. Significance of the study of ancestral forms for modern breeding. The history of the origin of individual varieties of cultivated plants. 2. Work with the textbook, compiling a summary on the issue “Chromosomal theory heredity." 3. Drawing up a didactic summary table "Basic patterns of variability."
SECTION 4. EVOLUTIONARY DOCTRINE
EVOLUTIONARY DOCTRINE
	1. History of development of evolutionary ideas. The significance of the works of C. Linnaeus, J.B. Lamarck in the development of evolutionary ideas in biology. 2. The evolutionary doctrine of Ch. Darwin. 3. Natural selection. The role of evolutionary doctrine in the formation of the modern natural-science picture of the world. 4. The concept of the species, its criteria. A population is a structural unit of a species and evolution. 5. Driving forces of evolution. Synthetic theory of evolution. Microevolution. Modern concepts of speciation (S.S. Chetverikov, I.I. Shmalgauzen). 6. Macroevolution. Evidence for evolution. Preservation of biological diversity as the basis for the sustainability of the biosphere and its progressive development. 7. Reasons for the extinction of species. The main directions of evolutionary progress. Biological progress and biological regression. 8. Main directions of evolution
	Practical work (No. 5) Description of individuals of the same species according to morphological criteria. Adaptation of organisms to different habitats (aquatic, terrestrial-air, soil).
	Independent work Preparation of abstracts on the topic: The history of the development of evolutionary ideas before Ch. Darwin. "The system of nature" by K. Linnaeus and its significance for the development of biology. Evolutionary ideas of JB Lamarck and their significance for the development of biology. Prerequisites for the emergence of Ch.Darwin's evolutionary theory. Modern ideas about the mechanisms and patterns of evolution. Compilation of a comparative test table "Comparative characteristics of natural and artificial selection." Making a reference abstract: waves of life and modern ideas about speciation. 4. Preparation of reports on the following issues: evolution of plants from ferns to angiosperms; The evolution of animals from amphibians to modern mammals. (Work with additional literature)
SECTION 5 HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIFE ON EARTH
HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIFE ON EARTH
	1. Hypotheses of the origin of life. Brief history of the development of the organic world. 2. Complication of living organisms on Earth in the process of evolution. Modern hypotheses about the origin of man. Living organisms on Earth in the process of evolution 3. Evidence of human kinship with mammals. Human evolution. The unity of the origin of the human races.
	Practical work (No. 6) 2. Analysis and evaluation of various hypotheses of the origin of life and man.
	Independent work 1. Preparation of abstracts on the topic: Modern ideas about the origin of life. Various origin hypotheses. Principles and patterns of development of life on Earth. Early stages of the development of life on Earth.
SECTION 6 BASICS OF ECOLOGY
BASICS OF ECOLOGY
	2. Biosphere is a global ecosystem. The teachings of V.I. Vernadsky about the biosphere. The role of living organisms in the biosphere. Biomass. 3. Circulation of the most important biogenic elements (on the example of carbon, nitrogen, etc.) in the biosphere. Changes in the biosphere. 4. Consequences of human activities in the environment. The impact of production activities in the field of their future profession on the environment. 5. Global environmental problems and ways to solve them. 3. Ecology as a theoretical basis for rational nature management and nature protection. Noosphere. Rules of human behavior in the natural environment.
	Practical work (No. 7, No. 8,) 1. Drawing up schemes for the transfer of substances and energy along food chains in the natural ecosystem and in the agrocenosis. Description and practical creation of an artificial ecosystem (freshwater aquarium). 2. Solving environmental problems.
	Independent work Abstract preparation

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Work program in biology for medical colleges. Work program in biology, for vocational education (for federal state education)

Protocol of the PCC No. _ of "" __ 2015

CONTENT

PASSPORT OF THE PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

STRUCTURE and content of the EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

conditions for the implementation of the program of the academic discipline

Monitoring and evaluation of results Mastering the academic discipline

3. conditions for the implementation of the discipline program

3.2. Information support of training

Control and evaluation the results of mastering the academic discipline is carried out by the teacher in the process of conducting practical classes and laboratory work, testing, as well as the performance of individual tasks, projects, and research by students.

conditions for the implementation of the discipline program

3.2. Information support of training

Control and evaluation of the results of mastering the discipline

CONTENT

PASSPORT OF THE PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

STRUCTURE and content of the EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

conditions for the implementation of the academic discipline

Monitoring and evaluation of results Mastering the academic discipline(questions for self-control, practical and laboratory work, control work, tests, tickets for credit.)

3. conditions for the implementation of the academic discipline

3.2. Information support of training

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Portal for the student. Self-training

Protocol of the PCC No. _________ of "____" __________ 2015

CONTENT

PASSPORT OF THE PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

STRUCTURE and content of the EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

conditions for the implementation of the program of the academic discipline

Monitoring and evaluation of results Mastering the academic discipline

3. conditions for the implementation of the discipline program

3.2. Information support of training

Control and evaluation the results of mastering the academic discipline is carried out by the teacher in the process of conducting practical classes and laboratory work, testing, as well as the performance of individual tasks, projects, and research by students.

conditions for the implementation of the discipline program

3.2. Information support of training

Control and evaluation of the results of mastering the discipline

CONTENT

PASSPORT OF THE PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

STRUCTURE and content of the EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

conditions for the implementation of the academic discipline

Monitoring and evaluation of results Mastering the academic discipline(questions for self-control, practical and laboratory work, control work, tests, tickets for credit.)

3. conditions for the implementation of the academic discipline

3.2. Information support of training

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Protocol of the PCC No. _ of "" __ 2015