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Tyutchev F. And the poet’s favorite women.

A. M. Kryudener Beloved F. I. Tyutchev. Portrait by I. Stiller, 1830s. K.B. I met you - and everything that was before came to life in an obsolete heart; I remembered the golden time - And my heart felt so warm... July 26, 1970

Email Tyutcheva, the first wife of the poet Hood. And Scheller, 1827. The poet’s first wife was Eleanor Peterson, née Countess Bothmer. From this marriage there were three daughters: Anna, Daria and Ekaterina.

Ern. Tyutcheva, the second wife of the poet Lithograph by G. Bodmer from the original by J. Stiller. Widowed, the poet married Ernestine Dernberg, née Baroness Pfeffel, in 1839. Maria and Dmitry were born to them in Munich, and their youngest son Ivan was born in Russia.

E. A. Denisyeva The poet's last love. Photograph 1860s Oh, how murderously we love, How in the violent blindness of passions We most certainly destroy that which is dear to our hearts! 1851 Oh, how in our declining years we love more tenderly and more superstitiously... Shine, shine, farewell light of last Love, the dawn of the evening! 1854

Thanks to communication with these women, Tyutchev created amazing poems. What role did each of them play in Tyutchev’s life and work? Different, but with every right one can say about each of them: “You loved, and as you loved, no, no one has ever succeeded.”

How it was... 1921. Tyutchev had just graduated from Moscow University with a candidate’s degree in literary sciences and was appointed to serve in the Collegium of Foreign Affairs in St. Petersburg. At the home council, it was decided that with Fedenka’s brilliant abilities it was possible to make a career as a diplomat. And in the middle of 1822, Tyutchev went to Germany to Munich, where he received a position as an official at the Russian mission. No one knew that his departure would result in separation.

It was here, abroad, that his personal life began, full of passions and sorrows; here he began to create amazing poems dedicated to his lovers. Here he meets his first love, marries for the first time, experiences the death of his first wife, marries a second time, experiencing ardent feelings.

A. M. Krudener: “We met in the second half of 1823. I was five years younger than him. My father was a diplomat. We felt sympathy for each other. We often took walks along the beautiful Danube. The poem is inspired by the memory of those times: “I remember the golden time...”

“Your sweet look...” However, the girl’s parents were against our marriage. Tyutchev was heartbroken. His mood was reflected in the poem “K N.”

30 years after their last meeting (1870), they saw each other again in Karsbaden for treatment in the summer of 1870. At this time, all the European and Russian nobility came here, many knew Tyutchev. But the most joyful thing was the meeting with Amalia. Walks with an elderly but still attractive countess inspired Tyutchev to create the wonderful poem “I Met You...” (the poem is based on the romance “I Met You”).

His last meeting took place on March 31, 1873; the paralyzed poet saw Amalia at his bedside. His face brightened, tears appeared in his eyes. He looked at her for a long time without saying a word. Amalia outlived Tyutchev by 15 years. He dedicated poems to her: “I remember the golden time...”, “Your sweet gaze”, “I met”, I knew her...”.

Eleanor Peterson: In the summer of 1825, having received a refusal from Amalia’s parents, Tyutchev went on vacation and returned in 1826. And on March 5th Tyutchev’s wedding. I am the widow of a Russian diplomat (Eleanor Peterson was four years older.) No one knew about our wedding, not even the poet’s parents. After all, I was a Lutheran, and he was of the Orthodox faith. Difficulties arose not only in obtaining parental blessings, but also church permission. We hid our marriage. To say that I loved Tyutchev is an understatement; I idolized him.

Tyutchev wrote: “Never would a person become as loved by another person as I am loved by her; for eleven years there was not a single day in her life when, in order to strengthen my happiness, she would not agree, without a moment’s hesitation, to die for me. She, without a moment’s hesitation, is ready to die for me.”

In 1838, Eleanor Peterson experienced a terrible shock: “A fire on the ship where I was with three children. This accident ruined my health." The cold and anxiety took their toll. 3 months after this event, Eleanor died in suffering. The death of his wife shocked Tyutchev. He turned gray overnight. He dedicated this poem to her: “I am still tormented by the anguish of desire...”

I still languish with the longing of desires, I still strive for you with my soul - And in the twilight of memories I still catch your image... Your sweet image is unforgettable, It is before me everywhere, always, Unattainable, unchanging, Like a star on you at night...

Tyutchev was not a monogamist. He could passionately adore two women at once. The women he loved responded to him with an even more selfless and selfless feeling. He sometimes knew how to make women fall in love with him at first sight.

In 1836 he met and fell in love with Ernestine Dernberg, a young widow seven years younger than the poet. She was one of the first beauties of Munich, her beauty was combined with a brilliant mind and excellent education (show portrait). He dedicated many poems to Ernestine, one of them: “I love your eyes”...

I love your eyes, my friend. With their fiery, wonderful play, When you suddenly lift them up. And like heavenly lightning, you will quickly glance around the whole circle. But there is a stronger charm, Eyes downcast. In moments of passionate kissing, And through lowered eyelashes. A gloomy, dim fire of desire.

A year after the death of his first wife in 1839, he married Ernestina. And in the fall of 1844, together with his wife and younger children Maria and Dmitry, he returned to Russia to St. Petersburg. Daughters from their first marriage remain temporarily in Germany under the supervision of their aunts. In 1845 he would bring his daughters to Russia. Daria and Ekaterina will study at the Smolny Institute for Noble Maidens. Together with her daughters she was brought up at the Smolny Institute and E.A. Deniseva.

E. A. Denisyeva This woman became the poet’s last love. She was both bliss and hopelessness for him. He dedicated a whole cycle of poems about love to Denisyeva, which was called “Denisyevsky cycle.” It contains 21 poems.

I knew the eyes - oh, those eyes! How I loved them, God knows! I couldn’t tear my soul away from their magical, passionate night. In this incomprehensible gaze, revealing life to the bottom, such grief was heard, such depth of passion! He breathed sadly, deeply, In the shadow of her thick eyelashes, Like pleasure, tired, And like suffering, fatal. And in these wonderful moments I never had the opportunity to meet him without excitement and admire him without tears. 1852

E. A. Denisyeva: “I belonged to an old but impoverished noble family. She lost her mother early and was in the care of her aunt, an inspector at the Smolny Institute. She loved me like a daughter. She started taking it out into the world early. We visited the Tyutchevs’ house and met Fyodor Ivanovich in Smolny when he visited his daughters. Our relationship resulted in a social scandal.”

“Oh, how in our declining years...” Oh, how in our declining years we love more tenderly and more superstitiously... Shine, shine, farewell light, Last love, evening dawn! Half of the sky was covered in shadow, Only there, in the west, does the radiance wander, - Slow down, slow down, evening day, Last, last, charm. Let the blood in the veins become scarce, But the tenderness in the heart does not become scarce... Oh, you, last love! You are both bliss and hopelessness.

These poems are confessions. Tyutchev perceives love sublimely. Love is joy, struggle, torment, hopelessness

E. A. Denisyeva: “However, Tyutchev did not break with his family and could never have decided to do so. Attachment for his wife was combined with love for me, and this introduced a painful duality into his attitude towards both women. The doors of houses where I had previously been a welcome guest were forever closed in front of me. My father disowned me."

E. A. Denisyeva: This joyful, but also painful love lasted for 14 years. We lived in a civil marriage. We had three children. All of them bore the surname Tyutchev. A painful duality tormented him.

Denisieva’s cycle of poems entered the treasury of world poetry, and E. Denisieva, thanks to her poems, gained immortality. August 4, 1864 E. Denisyeva dies of transient scabies. Tyutchev blames himself for her death, repentance does not leave. On the anniversary of her death, he will write a poem where he again recalls his love for Denisyeva: “Today, my friend, 15 years have passed...”

2 years after the poet’s death, Ernestina, looking through her herbarium, found a piece of paper with the verses: “I don’t know whether grace will touch my painfully sinful soul...” These lines, addressed to his wife and associated with his love for Denisyeva, were written by the poet in 1851 year

“It was a whole event in my life,” Ernestina will say. You never cease to be amazed at the strength of this woman’s love, her ability to forgive, when you read that Ernestina, who saw Denisyeva’s suffering, will say: “His grief is sacred to me, whatever the reason.” Aksakov wrote: “What was her joy and sorrow when reading this greeting, such a sepulchral greeting, such recognition of her wife’s feat, her deed of love. The wife outlived Tyutchev by 21 years.

questions: What is love in Tyutchev’s view, what was it for the poet? How does Tyutchev depict his beloved?

Love for Tyutchev: This is bliss and hopelessness, this is life, this is joy, this is happiness, this is tenderness, this is suffering, this is tears, sorrow, separation, jealousy, this is a means of spiritual insight.

Tyutchev managed to reflect the inconsistency of this feeling in his love lyrics. Love, according to Tyutchev, brings him both happiness and suffering, this is a fatal duel of two hearts, this is a struggle, in it there is a winner and a loser. The main thing that Tyutchev saw and highly appreciated in a woman was the strength of feeling, her ability for feat, for self-sacrifice, for dedication. Of course, one can have different attitudes towards Tyutchev’s fatal suffering towards different women. But the poet is beyond condemnation. His justification is the love of the women who idolized him. You must have a lot of inner virtues to be loved by such women. Tyutchev was unusually gallant, exquisitely polite with women, and this was attractive, this attracted women to the poet. In addition, he was a brilliant conversationalist and a fascinating storyteller.

Opening of the monument to F.I. Tyutchev, dedicated to his 200th anniversary in the city of Bryansk.

A prominent representative of the golden age of Russian poetry, Fyodor Tyutchev skillfully encapsulated his thoughts, desires and feelings in the rhythm of iambic tetrameter, allowing readers to feel the complexity and inconsistency of the reality around them. To this day, the whole world reads the poet’s poems.

Childhood and youth

The future poet was born on November 23, 1803 in the village of Ovstug, Bryansk district, Oryol province. Fedor is the middle child in the family. In addition to him, Ivan Nikolaevich and his wife Ekaterina Lvovna had two more children: the eldest son, Nikolai (1801–1870), and the youngest daughter, Daria (1806–1879).

The writer grew up in a calm, benevolent atmosphere. From his mother he inherited a subtle mental organization, lyricism and a developed imagination. In essence, the entire old noble patriarchal family of the Tyutchevs had a high level of spirituality.

At the age of 4, Nikolai Afanasyevich Khlopov (1770–1826), a peasant who bought himself out of serfdom and voluntarily entered the service of the noble couple, was assigned to Fedor.

A competent, pious man not only gained the respect of his masters, but also became a friend and comrade for the future publicist. Khlopov witnessed the awakening of the literary genius of Tyutchev. This happened in 1809, when Fyodor was barely six years old: while walking in a grove near a rural cemetery, he came across a dead turtle dove. An impressionable boy gave the bird a funeral and composed an epitaph in verse in its honor.

In the winter of 1810, the head of the family fulfilled his wife’s cherished dream by purchasing a spacious mansion in Moscow. The Tyutchevs went there during the winter cold. Seven-year-old Fyodor really liked his cozy, bright room, where no one bothered him from morning to night reading poetry by Dmitriev and Derzhavin.

In 1812, the peaceful routine of the Moscow nobility was disrupted by the Patriotic War. Like many representatives of the intelligentsia, the Tyutchevs immediately left the capital and went to Yaroslavl. The family remained there until the end of hostilities.

Upon returning to Moscow, Ivan Nikolaevich and Ekaterina Lvovna decided to hire a teacher who could not only teach their children the basics of grammar, arithmetic and geography, but also instill in the restless children a love of foreign languages. Under the strict guidance of the poet and translator Semyon Yegorovich Raich, Fedor studied the exact sciences and became acquainted with the masterpieces of world literature, showing a genuine interest in ancient poetry.

In 1817, the future publicist attended lectures by the eminent literary critic Alexei Fedorovich Merzlyakov as a volunteer. The professor noticed his extraordinary talent and on February 22, 1818, at a meeting of the Society of Lovers of Russian Literature, he read out Tyutchev’s ode “For the New Year 1816.” On March 30 of the same year, the fourteen-year-old poet was awarded the title of member of the Society, and a year later his poem “Horace’s Epistle to Maecenas” appeared in print.

In the fall of 1819, the promising young man was enrolled in the Faculty of Literature at Moscow University. There he became friends with young Vladimir Odoevsky, Stepan Shevyrev and Mikhail Pogodin. Tyutchev graduated from the University three years ahead of schedule and graduated from the educational institution with a candidate's degree.

On February 5, 1822, his father brought Fedor to St. Petersburg, and already on February 24, eighteen-year-old Tyutchev was enlisted in the Collegium of Foreign Affairs with the rank of provincial secretary. In the Northern capital, he lived in the house of his relative Count Osterman-Tolstoy, who subsequently procured for him the position of freelance attaché of the Russian diplomatic mission in Bavaria.

Literature

In the capital of Bavaria, Tyutchev not only studied romantic poetry and German philosophy, but also translated works and works into Russian. Fyodor Ivanovich published his own poems in the Russian magazine “Galatea” and the almanac “Northern Lyre”.

In the first decade of his life in Munich (from 1820 to 1830), Tyutchev wrote his most famous poems: “Spring Thunderstorm” (1828), “Silentium!” (1830), “As the ocean envelops the globe...” (1830), “Fountain” (1836), “Winter is not angry for nothing...” (1836), “Not what you think, nature... "(1836), "What are you howling about, night wind?.." (1836).

Fame came to the poet in 1836, when 16 of his works were published in the Sovremennik magazine under the title “Poems sent from Germany.” In 1841, Tyutchev met Vaclav Hanka, a figure in the Czech national revival, who had a great influence on the poet. After this acquaintance, the ideas of Slavophilism were clearly reflected in the journalism and political lyrics of Fyodor Ivanovich.

Since 1848, Fyodor Ivanovich held the position of senior censor. The lack of poetic publications did not prevent him from becoming a prominent figure in the St. Petersburg literary society. Thus, Nekrasov spoke enthusiastically about the work of Fyodor Ivanovich and put him on a par with the best contemporary poets, and Fet used Tyutchev’s works as evidence of the existence of “philosophical poetry.”

In 1854, the writer published his first collection, which included both old poems from the 1820s and 1830s, as well as new creations by the writer. Poetry of the 1850s was dedicated to Tyutchev’s young lover, Elena Deniseva.

In 1864, Fyodor Ivanovich’s muse died. The publicist experienced this loss very painfully. He found salvation in creativity. Poems of the “Denisevsky cycle” (“All day she lay in oblivion ...”, “There is also in my suffering stagnation ...”, “On the eve of the anniversary of August 4, 1865”, “Oh, this South, oh, this Nice! ..”, “There is in the primordial autumn...”) – the pinnacle of the poet’s love lyrics.

After the Crimean War, Alexander Mikhailovich Gorchakov became the new Minister of Foreign Affairs of Russia. A representative of the political elite respected Tyutchev for his insightful mind. Friendship with the chancellor allowed Fyodor Ivanovich to influence Russian foreign policy.

Fyodor Ivanovich's Slavophil views continued to strengthen. True, after the defeat in the Crimean War in the quatrain “Russia cannot be understood with the mind...” (1866), Tyutchev began to call on the people not for political, but for spiritual unification.

Personal life

People who do not know Tyutchev’s biography, having briefly familiarized themselves with his life and work, will consider that the Russian poet was a flighty nature, and will be absolutely right in their conclusion. In the literary salons of that time, legends were made about the amorous adventures of the publicist.

Amalia Lerchenfeld, first love of Fyodor Tyutchev

The writer's first love was the illegitimate daughter of the Prussian king Frederick William III, Amalia Lerchenfeld. The beauty of the girl was admired by both, and Count Benckendorff. She was 14 years old when she met Tyutchev and became very interested in him. Mutual sympathy turned out to be not enough.

The young man, living on his parents’ money, could not satisfy all the demands of the demanding young lady. Amalia chose material well-being over love and in 1825 she married Baron Krudner. The news of Lerchenfeld's wedding shocked Fyodor so much that the envoy Vorontsov-Dashkov, in order to avoid a duel, sent the would-be gentleman on vacation.

And although Tyutchev submitted to fate, the soul of the lyricist throughout his life languished from an unquenchable thirst for love. For a short period of time, his first wife Eleanor managed to extinguish the fire raging inside the poet.

The family grew, daughters were born one after another: Anna, Daria, Ekaterina. There was a catastrophic lack of money. For all his intelligence and insight, Tyutchev was devoid of rationality and coldness, which is why his career advancement proceeded by leaps and bounds. Fyodor Ivanovich was burdened by family life. He preferred noisy companies of friends and social affairs with ladies from high society to the company of his children and wife.

Ernestine von Pfeffel, second wife of Fyodor Tyutchev

In 1833, at a ball, Tyutchev was introduced to the wayward Baroness Ernestine von Pfeffel. The entire literary elite was talking about their romance. During another quarrel, the wife, tormented by jealousy, in a fit of despair, grabbed a dagger and hit herself in the chest area. Fortunately, the wound was not fatal.

Despite the scandal that erupted in the press and general censure from the public, the writer was unable to part with his mistress, and only the death of his legal wife put everything in its place. 10 months after the death of Eleanor, the poet legalized his relationship with Ernestina.

Fate played a cruel joke on the baroness: the woman who destroyed her family shared her legal husband with her young mistress, Elena Alexandrovna Denisyeva, for 14 years.

Death

In the mid-60s and early 70s, Tyutchev rightly began to lose ground: in 1864, the writer’s beloved, Elena Aleksandrovna Denisyeva, died, two years later the creator’s mother, Ekaterina Lvovna, died, in 1870, the writer’s beloved brother Nikolai and his son Dmitry, and three years later the daughter of the publicist Maria went to another world.

The string of deaths had a negative impact on the poet’s health. After the first stroke of paralysis (January 1, 1873), Fyodor Ivanovich almost never got out of bed; after the second, he lived for several weeks in excruciating suffering and died on July 27, 1873. The coffin with the body of the lyricist was transported from Tsarskoe Selo to the cemetery of the Novodevichy Convent in St. Petersburg.

The literary heritage of the legend of the golden age of Russian poetry has been preserved in collections of poems. Among other things, in 2003, based on Vadim Kozhinov’s book “The Prophet in His Fatherland Fyodor Tyutchev,” the series “The Love and Truth of Fyodor Tyutchev” was filmed. The film was directed by the daughter. She is familiar to Russian audiences from her role in the film “Solaris”.

Bibliography

• "Scald's Harp" (1834);
• “Spring Storm” (1828);
• "Day and Night" (1839);
• “How unexpected and bright...” (1865);
• “Reply to the Address” (1865);
• "Italian villa" (1837);
• “I Knew Her Even Then” (1861);
• “Morning in the Mountains” (1830);
• "Fires" (1868);
• “Look how the grove turns green...” (1857);
• "Madness" (1829);
• "Dream at Sea" (1830);
• "Calm" (1829);
• Encyclica (1864);
• "Rome at Night" (1850);
• “The feast is over, the choirs have fallen silent...” (1850).

About the place that women occupied in Tyutchev’s life , his son Fedor Fedorovich wrote:

“Fyodor Ivanovich, who was captivated by women all his life until his last days, who had almost fabulous success among them, was never what we call a libertine, a Don Juan, a womanizer. Nothing of the sort. There was not even a shadow of any dirt in his relationships, which "Something base, unworthy. In his relations with women he brought such a mass of poetry, such subtle delicacy of feelings, such gentleness that he looked more like a priest bowing to his idol than a happy owner."

We owe this attitude towards women the insights of lyrical dedications and the memory of the most beautiful women with whom Tyutchev’s fate brought her together. This same attitude became the source of family tragedies and the unrealization of his many talents.

Tyutchev's first love

Tyutchev's first poetic confession was addressed to Amalia Lerchenfeld, better known under the name Krüdener. But before we talk about specific and well-known recipients, I would like to make a small digression.

Everyone knows the lines: “Russia’s heart will not forget you, like its first love!” It’s clear who the heart of Russia remembers. But who is Tyutchev’s first love? In these lines, behind the words “first love,” the name of Katyusha Kruglikova is hidden. Fyodor and Katyusha lived in the estate of Armenian Lane, 11. Fyodor is like the son of the owner of the estate, Katyusha is like a courtyard girl. The relationship between the lovers went far, and became one of the reasons why Fyodor’s mother obtained permission to graduate from university early.

In 1822 he was sent to St. Petersburg to serve in the College of Foreign Affairs. In the summer of the same year, a relative of the Tyutchevs, Count A.I. Osterman-Tolstoy took Fedor to Munich, where he settled at the Russian mission. 45 years later, Fyodor Tyutchev wrote: “Fate was willing to arm itself with Tolstoy’s last hand (A.I. Osterman-Tolstoy lost his hand in the Battle of Kulm) in order to resettle me to a foreign land.” He spent twenty-two years “in a foreign land.”

"I remember the golden time..."

In Munich, Fedor met Amalia Lerchenfeld, fell in love and proposed. Amalia reciprocated with Fedor, but her relatives objected. The applicant was rejected. Later, from memories of joint walks along the banks of the Danube and the surrounding hills, a poem dedicated to Amalia appeared, “I Remember the Golden Time.” By then she had become Baroness Krüdener. It’s sad when insurmountable obstacles stand in the way of lovers, but judging by the way the family life of Tyutchev’s wives turned out, fate was taking care of Amalia. She maintained friendly relations with Fedor throughout her life, shone in the world and was surrounded by numerous and influential fans. All this would hardly have been possible if Amalia had married Tyutchev.

“These days were so beautiful, we were so happy!”

Soon Fyodor Ivanovich met the von Bothmer family. Few could resist the charms of the sisters Eleanor and Clotilde. Tyutchev was not one of them. F. Tyutchev dates the beginning of family life to the spring of 1826, although Eleanor and Fyodor got married only in 1829, shortly before the birth of their daughter Anna. Many years later, Fyodor Ivanovich wrote to his daughter: “We were making a trip to Tyrol then - your mother, Clotilde, my brother and me. How young everything was then, and fresh, and wonderful! The first years of your life, my daughter, which you barely remember ", were for me years filled with the most ardent feelings. I spent them with your mother and with Clotilde. Those days were so beautiful, we were so happy!"

The idyll did not last long. In 1834, Fyodor began an affair with Ernestina Dörnberg. The wife made desperate attempts to save the family. Discord with her husband, lack of money, endless worries about children and home led to the fact that in May 1836 she tried to commit suicide. She was accidentally saved.

In the summer of 1838, a fire broke out on the ship carrying Eleanor and her children to her husband’s new place of duty. She managed to escape and save the children, but she suffered a severe nervous shock. Fearing to leave her husband alone, Eleanor, without completing her treatment, went to see him in Turin, where she was overwhelmed with worries about a new place of residence. This completely undermined her health, and she died in the fall. I feel infinitely sorry for the tender, loving Eleanor, but it’s hard to get rid of the thought that if she had a future, it would be difficult.

Ernestine von Dörnberg and the Denisiev Cycle

In the summer of 1839, the marriage took place with Ernestina Dörnberg. At first there was an ordinary family life: children, home. Fyodor Ivanovich led an absent-minded lifestyle, devoting minimal time to service. However, in the summer of 1850, something changed. The husband rented a separate room and sometimes disappeared from the family. It soon became clear: he had a new passion for his heart - a student of the Smolny Institute

Fyodor Tyutchev and Elena Denisyeva.

The Denisyevsky cycle is called the most lyrical and piercing in the work of Fyodor Tyutchev. The addressee of these poems is the muse and last love of the poet Elena Denisyeva. For the sake of love for Tyutchev, she sacrificed everything: her social status, the location of her family, the respect of others. Their relationship lasted for 14 long years. They were sweet and painful at the same time.

Portrait of Elena Alexandrovna Deniseva.

Elena Aleksandrovna Denisyeva came from an old but impoverished noble family. Her mother died when Elena was still a child. After some time, the father married again, but the stepmother did not like the rebellious stepdaughter too much. Therefore, the girl was urgently sent to St. Petersburg to be raised by her father’s sister Anna Dmitrievna Denisyeva. She was in the position of inspector at the Smolny Institute. This position allowed the aunt to arrange for her niece to study at the Institute of Noble Maidens.

Anna Dmitrievna, usually strict with her students, doted on Elena and spoiled her. She bought her niece clothes and took her out into the world. Both older socialites and ardent young men paid attention to the young beauty with ideal manners.

Elena Denisyeva is the last love of Fyodor Tyutchev.

Years of study at Smolny allowed Elena Alexandrovna to master the art of court etiquette, speak German and French without an accent, and acquire other skills necessary for students. A completely successful arrangement of her fate awaited the girl: after graduating from the Smolny Institute, she was supposed to become a maid of honor at the imperial court, if not for the big scandal that broke out right before Denisyeva’s graduation.

Ernestina Tyutcheva, wife of Fyodor Tyutchev. F. Durk, 1840

The daughters of Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev studied in the same class with Elena Alexandrovna, so Denisyeva was a frequent guest in his house. The poet’s daughters came with a friend to tea parties at home. Gradually, Tyutchev began to pay more attention to the girl than etiquette required. The poet's wife saw how he was caring for the young beauty, but did not attach much importance to it. Ernestina Fedorovna, remembering her husband’s past intrigues with aristocratic women, considered that his attachment to the orphan girl did not pose any threat.

Elena Denisyeva with her daughter.

In March 1851, just before his release from Smolny and subsequent assignment to future positions, an incredible scandal broke out. It turned out that Denisyev’s pupil was pregnant and would soon give birth. The director spied Elena Alexandrovna and found out that she had secretly met with Fyodor Tyutchev in a rented apartment not far from the Smolny Institute. Denisyeva gave birth in May of the same year.

The aunt was immediately expelled from her place of work, although she was awarded a generous pension, and almost everyone turned their backs on Elena. Her father cursed her and forbade her relatives to communicate with her daughter. Only the aunt supported her niece and took her to live with her.

Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev is a Russian poet.

Then Denisyeva was 25 years old, and Tyutchev was 47. For him, the young and stately Elena Alexandrovna was a muse, an all-consuming passion. Their painful relationship lasted fourteen years.

Tyutchev did not intend to dissolve the official marriage, but he was also unable to part with his beloved. They had three children. Elena Alexandrovna forgave Tyutchev for her infrequent visits and for living in two families. When the children asked why dad was practically never at home, the woman lied that he had too much work.

Only a few weeks a year abroad, Elena Alexandrovna was truly happy. After all, no one there knew her story, and when she checked into the hotel, she resolutely called herself Madame Tyutcheva.

Elena Denisyeva is the muse and lover of the poet Fyodor Tyutchev.

In Russia, Denisyeva again had to put up with the position of half-wife, half-mistress. She understood perfectly well that she was engaged in self-flagellation, but she could not help herself, because she loved the poet too much.

And yet, sometimes this submissive woman could not stand it and showed her temper. When she announced that she was pregnant for the third time, Fyodor Ivanovich tried to dissuade her from giving birth. Then Denisyeva flew into a rage, grabbed the figurine from the table and threw it at Tyutchev with all her might. She didn't hit him, but only knocked off the corner of the fireplace.

Their painful relationship would have continued, but in 1864 Elena Denisyeva died suddenly from tuberculosis. Tyutchev was inconsolable.

All day she lay in oblivion -
And shadows covered it all -
The warm summer rain was pouring - its streams
The leaves sounded cheerful.
And slowly she came to her senses -
And I started listening to the noise,
And I listened for a long time - captivated,
Immersed in conscious thought...
And so, as if talking to myself,
She said consciously:
(I was with her, killed but alive)
“Oh, how I loved all this!”
You loved, and the way you love -
t, no one has ever succeeded -
Oh Lord!.. and survive this...
And my heart didn't break into pieces...


Still from the film “Tyutchev’s Last Love” (2003)

After the death of his beloved, Tyutchev wrote to his friend: “...The memory of her is that feeling of hunger in the hungry, insatiably hungry. I can’t live, my friend Alexander Ivanovich, I can’t live... The wound festers, it doesn’t heal. Be it cowardice , be it powerlessness, I don’t care. Only with her and for her was I a person, only in her love, her boundless love for me, did I recognize myself... Now I am something meaninglessly living, some kind of living, painful nonentity It may also be that in some years nature in a person loses its healing power, that life loses the ability to be reborn, to renew itself. All this can happen; but believe me, my friend Alexander Ivanovich, he is only able to assess my situation, whoever One thousand and one had a terrible fate - to live for fourteen years in a row, every hour, every minute, with such love as her love, and to survive it.

[…] I’m ready to accuse myself of ingratitude, of insensitivity, but I can’t lie: it wasn’t easier for a minute as soon as consciousness returned. All these opium treatments dull the pain for a minute, but that’s all. The effect of opium will wear off, and the pain will still be the same..."

Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev, a hereditary nobleman, graduated from university at the age of 18 and entered the service of the State Collegium of Foreign Affairs - a freelance attaché of the Russian diplomatic mission in Munich. But today we will not dwell on his diplomatic career and his business qualities. Let's talk about the personal life of Fyodor Ivanovich - it was full of tragedies and... love.

Tyutchev got married in Germany. In 1826. His wife Eleanor Peterson was the daughter of a German diplomat, Count von Bothmer, and the widow of a Russian diplomat, secretary of the Russian mission in Munich A.K. Peterson. From her first marriage, Eleanor had four sons. And 12 years later, when the Tyutchev couple had three more daughters, Eleanor died.
The steamship "Nicholas I", on which the Tyutchev family sailed from St. Petersburg to Turin, suffered a disaster in the Baltic Sea. Fortunately, everyone survived. By the way, on the same ship was I.S. Turgenev, who helped Eleanor and the children escape. However, this disaster seriously damaged the health of Eleanor Tyutcheva. In 1838 F.I. I said goodbye to my wife forever and was very worried about her death.
“Never would a person become so loved by another person as I am loved by her; for eleven years there was not a single day in her life when, in order to strengthen my happiness, she would not agree, without a moment’s hesitation, to die for me.” , - Tyutchev said about his first wife.
1.

Although…
A year later, Tyutchev already had a second wife - Ernestine, née Baroness von Pfeffel, widow of the diplomat Dernberg. The love affair with her began during the life of his first wife Eleanor. They met at a ball in 1833 and did not remain indifferent to each other. Admittedly, the intelligent and educated beauty Ernestine completely overshadowed the sweet and charming, but dim Eleanor.
Loving Eleanor, of course, understood everything and tried with all her might to save the family. But the forces were unequal; out of despair, Eleanor attempted suicide, but survived. And Tyutchev swore and swore that “he has everything there.”
And then the embassy found out about the love affairs of their employee, and in order to hush up the scandal, they sent Tyutchev to Turin. Temporarily leaving his family in St. Petersburg, he went to a new duty station, where... Ernestine was already waiting for him.
Well, soon this happened: the ship, salvation, Eleanor’s death, a new marriage.
And Ernestina... She really loved Tyutchev all her life, actually adopted and raised his daughters, remaining close to them until her last days. Ernestina was a very rich woman, and Tyutchev did not hide the fact that he lived on her money. In her marriage to Tyutchev, Ernestina gave birth to three children: a daughter and two sons. This is exactly what my son ordered for her, which I told you about. It was she who collected and copied the poet’s poems from scraps of paper. And it was she who experienced Tyutchev’s new love and forgave him...

It would seem that what else does a person need: a loving and appreciative beautiful wife; beloved children; life in abundance? And the career was quite successful. But, apparently, something was missing, that’s just the way he was...
Tyutchev fell in love again. Elena Denisyeva is the same age as her older daughters. And she fell madly in love with this ugly, much older man. In 1850, they entered into a “secret marriage” - for as long as 14 years. That is, all this time Tyutchev actually lived for two families. A scandal erupted in society, which least of all affected Tyutchev himself - he was still received in high society. But Elena Denisyeva paid in full for her “sin”: she was denied all the houses she knew; her friends turned away from her; refused and was cursed by his own father. She continued to love, give birth to children and consider herself Tyutchev’s wife.
In the end, her health and psyche could not stand it, and in 1964 Elena died, leaving behind three children. However, two of them also died soon...

And Tyutchev returned to Ernestine, who forgave him. He died in her arms in 1873.
Only for the rest of his life he blamed himself for Elena’s death. In 1854, a series of poems about love dedicated to Elena Deniseva was published.

I'm not a judge. And not the prosecutor. I simply told you what I heard and read.