Personality in psychology they call a person as a carrier of consciousness. It is believed that a person is not born, but becomes in the process of being and working, when, communicating and interacting, a person compares himself with others and distinguishes his “I”. Psychological properties (traits) of a person are fully and vividly revealed in activity, communication, relationships, and even in a person’s appearance.
Personalities can be different - harmoniously developed and reactionary, progressive and one-sided, highly moral and vile, but at the same time, each personality is unique. Sometimes this property - uniqueness - is called individuality, as a manifestation of the individual.
However, the concepts of individual, personality and individuality are not identical in content: each of them reveals a specific aspect of a person’s individual existence. Personality can only be understood in a system of stable interpersonal connections mediated by the content, values, and meaning of the joint activities of each participant.
Interpersonal connections that form a personality in a team externally appear in the form of communication or a subject-subject relationship along with a subject-object relationship characteristic of objective activity.
The personality of each person is endowed only with his own inherent combination of traits and characteristics that form his individuality - a combination of psychological characteristics of a person that make up his originality, his difference from other people. Individuality is manifested in character traits, temperament, habits, prevailing interests, in the qualities of cognitive processes, in abilities, and individual style of activity.
Lifestyle as a socio-philosophical concept selects from the variety of qualities and properties inherent in a given person, only socially stable, socially typical, characterizing the social content of her individuality, revealing a person, his style of behavior, needs, preferences, interests, tastes not from his psychological characteristics that distinguish him from other people, but from those properties and traits of his personality that are given by the very fact of his existence in a certain society. But if individuality does not mean a peculiarity of a person’s external appearance or behavior, but a unique form of existence and unique manifestation of the general in the life of an individual, then the individual is also social. Therefore, a person’s way of life acts as a deeply individualized relationship between a person’s objective position in society and his inner world, that is, it represents a unique unity of the socially typified (unified) and the individual (unique) in the behavior, communication, thinking and everyday life of people.
In other words, a person’s worldview acquires social, practical and morally meaningful significance insofar as it has become a person’s way of life.
From a moral point of view, a sign of a person’s personal development is his ability to act according to inner conviction in the most difficult everyday situations, not to shift responsibility to others, not to rely blindly on circumstances, and not even just to “reckon” with circumstances, but also to resist them, to intervene in the course of life. events, showing your will, your character.
The importance and role of the team in the formation and education of the individual is great. The rule of education formulated by the wonderful Soviet teacher A.S. Makarenko: proceed from the recognition of the person being raised as a person. And this must be done with all seriousness, without denying to those being educated the possibility of them accomplishing those feats that the teacher speaks of as lofty images of achieving exceptional results in the field of production, science and technology, literature and art.
May not all dreams come true and not all plans come true. Let not all the young people with whom the teacher deals turn out to be sufficiently gifted or be able to fully reveal their abilities. This is about something else. All of them will certainly be ennobled by treating them as the highest value, unique individuals who, with proper development, can reveal to the world all the achievements of the creative spirit accessible to man. In the worst case, a creative personality may not turn out, but a person will be formed who, at a minimum, will not prevent others from becoming creative personalities.
You cannot become a person by copying anyone else. Only wretched one-sidedness can result. The construction of one's own personality cannot be carried out according to some standard project. At most, you can only get general settings here. We must always count on the maximum realization of human capabilities, never saying in advance: “I won’t be able to do this,” and test your inclinations to the fullest.
That's why development human - the process of personality formation under the influence of external and internal, controlled and uncontrollable social and natural factors. Development manifests itself as progressive complication, deepening, expansion, as a transition from simple to complex, from ignorance to knowledge, from lower forms of life and activity to higher ones.
Nature has given man a lot, but has given birth to the weak. To make him strong and completely independent, we still need to work hard. First of all, ensure physical development. In turn, physical and physiological development underlies psychological development as spiritual development. The processes of a person’s reflection of reality are constantly becoming more complex and deepening: sensations, perceptions, memory, thinking, feelings, imagination, as well as more complex mental formations: needs, motives for activity, abilities, interests, value orientations. Human social development is a continuation of mental development. It consists of gradual entry into his society - into social, ideological, economic, industrial, legal, professional and other relations, in the assimilation of his functions in these relations. Having mastered these relationships and his functions in them, a person becomes a member of society. The crowning achievement is the spiritual development of man. It means his understanding of his high purpose in life, the emergence of responsibility to present and future generations, understanding of the complex nature of the universe and the desire for constant moral improvement. A measure of spiritual development can be the degree of responsibility of a person for his physical, physiological, mental and social development. Spiritual development is increasingly recognized as the core, the core of the formation of personality in a person.
Humanity ensures the development of each of its representatives through education, passing on the experience of its own and previous generations.
Upbringing - in a broad sense, it is a purposeful process of forming the intellect, physical and spiritual strength of the individual, preparing him for life, active participation in work. Education in the narrow sense of the word is the systematic and purposeful influence of the educator on the pupils in order to form in them the desired attitude towards people and phenomena of the world around them.
Parents pass on the experience of vertical walking and verbal communication to a newborn; to a younger schoolchild - the experience of mathematical transformations, written communication; to teenagers and young men - the experience of various activities, etc. Throughout his life, a person assimilates some experience and someone else’s and only on its basis creates his own. Only by becoming the heir of the past does he become a full-fledged member of his society. In this sense, education is a culturally formative process. In the process of educating a person, his development occurs, the level of which then influences education, changes, deepens it. More perfect upbringing accelerates the pace of development, which then again influences upbringing. Throughout a person’s life, these phenomena mutually support each other.
K. Marx and F. Engels paid great attention to the problems of upbringing and education of youth. They approached them from different, but closely related sides - social, ideological, pedagogical, etc., assessing the role of education as the highest measure - the influence on the development of the individual, on the course of social progress.
They considered education as one of the most important means.
Taken together, the thoughts of Marx and Engels on education form an integral dialectical-materialist concept, which is based on the following provisions: education is determined by prevailing social relations; is historical and class in nature; has its own objective laws.
By education we mean three things:
Firstly: mental education.
Secondly: physical education.
Third: technical training.
Marx and Engels paid great attention to ideological education, introducing young people to the history and traditions of the revolutionary struggle.
By mental (intellectual) education, the founders of Marxism understood “mental education”, which the younger generation should receive, first of all, at school. Marx and Engels called on young people to persistent, systematic study, to constant self-education, which is urgently dictated by life.
Marx and Engels called the combination of education with productive labor a necessary condition for the technical education of the younger generation.
In the system of youth education, the founders of Marxism assigned an important place to physical education. Engels also saw a great role for these classes in preparing young men for military service.
Whatever “components” of education the founders of Marxism spoke about, their thought was one way or another aimed at the most important problem - the comprehensive development of the individual. Each of these components and the entire process of education as a whole must ultimately serve its formation.
Experience, therefore, education, can be transmitted through the media, in museums through art, through religion, in the management system through politics, ideology, directly in the family, in production through industrial relations, etc. Education stands out among them.
Education - the process and result of mastering a certain system of knowledge and ensuring on this basis the appropriate level of personal development. Education is obtained mainly through the process of training and education in educational institutions under the guidance of teachers. Education in the literal sense means the creation of an image, a certain completion of education in accordance with a certain age level. Therefore, education is often interpreted as the result of a person’s assimilation of the experience of generations in the form of a system of knowledge, skills and abilities, and relationships. Then they talk about an educated person. Education is the quality of a developed personality who has acquired experience, with the help of which he becomes able to navigate the environment, adapt to it, protect and enrich it, acquire new knowledge about it and through this continuously improve himself, i.e. Again, improve your education.
A person is born without knowledge and skills, but through upbringing and education he receives all this in accordance with his age. At each age stage, development receives its own degree of formation without exhausting itself. This is how ideals, motives for actions, relationships and other human properties are gradually formed.
But the person himself is active from birth. Its role in upbringing and education is enormous, if not decisive. The fact is that a person is born with the ability to develop. He is not a vessel into which the experience of humanity “merges.” He himself is capable of acquiring this experience. Man himself created the external factors of his development.
The main factors of a person are self-education, self-education, self-training.
Self-education - this is the process of a person’s assimilation of the experience of previous generations through internal mental factors that ensure development. Self-education is a process that is part of education and is also aimed at human development. Thanks to him, a person in any educational system maintains himself as an independent natural and social being, despite all integration, i.e. its unity with nature and society.
Education, if it is not violence, is not possible without self-education. They should be considered as two sides of the same process, or as processes that mutually continue each other.
By self-education, a person can educate himself.
Self-education is a system of internal self-organization for assimilating the experience of generations, aimed at its own development.
Self-education is a powerful factor that fulfills and enriches the education organized by society.
Self-learning is an analogue of teaching.
Self-study - this is the process of a person directly gaining generational experience through his own aspirations and self-chosen means.
Here a huge role is played by the inner spiritual world of a person, not only consciousness, but also the unconscious factor, intuition, the ability to learn not only from a teacher, but also from other people, friends, and nature. People say about such self-education: “learn from life.” Self-learning is based on the need for knowledge, on the innate cognitive instinct.
The founders of Marxism deeply revealed such a complex problem as “man and circumstances.”
The character of each person is always composed of two elements: natural, rooted in the human body, and spiritual, developed in life, under the influence of upbringing and circumstances. But no matter how diverse the human types are among educated peoples, due to the infinite variety of tribal, family and personal types, nature always manages to highlight the nationality trait in the countless number of characteristic features in a person’s appearance.
The trait of nationality is not only noticeable in itself, but is mixed with all other characteristic features of a person and gives each of them its own special shade.
Public education, which strengthens and develops the nationality in a person, while developing at the same time his mind and his self-awareness, powerfully contributes to the development of national self-awareness in general.
If a person draws all his knowledge, sensations, etc. from the sensory world and the experience received from this world, it is necessary, therefore, to arrange the world around him in such a way that a person in it cognizes and assimilates what is truly human, so that he recognizes himself as a person. If a person’s character is created by circumstances, then it is necessary, therefore, to make the circumstances humane.
Teacher K.D. Ushinsky was deeply convinced that the education of a free, independent and active human personality is a necessary condition for social development.
CONCLUSION
A child will become a personality - a social unit, a subject, a carrier of social and human activity - only where and when he himself begins to perform this activity. At first, with the help of an adult, and then without it.
Personality arises when an individual begins independently, as a subject, to carry out external activities according to the norms and standards given to him from the outside - by the culture in the bosom of which he awakens to human life, to human activity. As long as human activity is directed towards him, and he remains its object, the individuality, which he, of course, already possesses, is not yet human individuality.
Therefore, personality exists only where there is freedom. Freedom is real, not imaginary, freedom of real development of a person in real affairs, in relationships with other people, and not in conceit, not in the pleasure of feeling one’s imaginary uniqueness.
Do you want a person to become an individual? Then place him from the very beginning - from childhood - in such a relationship with another person, within which he not only could, but was forced to become an individual.
2. What is the content and meaning of the “golden rule” of morality? What is the essence of the categorical imperative?
3. What are moral values? Describe them. What is the special significance of moral values for the citizens of our country in the most difficult moments of its historical development?
4. Why is the development of a person’s moral qualities impossible without self-education?
5. What is the essence of worldview? Why is worldview often called the core of the Aykhovnogo world of personality?
6. What types of worldview does science distinguish? What characterizes each of them?
7. What do the concepts of “morality” AND “worldview” have in common? What is their difference?
8. What is the significance of worldview for human activity?
who has freedom of choice?
How is freedom of choice related to responsibility?
What is responsibility?
types of responsibility.
How does knowledge of morality influence individual behavior?
How to analyze your thoughts and actions?
society?
3) How is social, scientific and technological progress manifested?
4) How would you characterize the main problems of humanity?
5) How does a person become a person?
6) What is socialization and education?
1) What is religion in broad and narrow terms?1) What is religion in the broad and narrow sense of the word? Is it possible, in your opinion, to give a definition that would suit both believers and atheists equally? Why?
2) Describe the role of religion in the life of a person, society, and state. What is the moral force of religion?
3) What is a world religion? What is the essence of the debate about the number of world religions? What do you think are the criteria used by those experts who name more than three world religions?
4) What role have world religions played and are playing in the history of mankind?
5) What role does the religious factor play in modern conflicts? Can we say that often it is only a pretext for starting an armed confrontation?
Detailed solution Paragraph § 5 on social studies for 8th grade students, authors Bogolyubov L. N., Gorodetskaya N. I., Ivanova L. F. 2016
Question 1. Who can be called a person? What qualities characterize a strong personality?
Personality is a concept developed to reflect the social nature of a person, consider him as a subject of sociocultural life, define him as a bearer of an individual principle, self-revealing in the context of social relations, communication and objective activity. “Personality” can be understood either as a human individual as a subject of relationships and conscious activity, or as a stable system of socially significant traits that characterize an individual as a member of a particular society or community.
A strong personality is characterized by the following:
A strong personality has a high level of independence: independence from others, from public opinion, from prejudice.
A strong personality has a high level of self-confidence and self-belief.
A strong personality knows how to restrain and control his emotions.
A strong personality understands well what he wants from life, has clearly defined goals and has high persistence in achieving goals.
A strong personality looks at the world with an unclouded gaze and approaches it from a position of reason.
Question 2. Why do people care about the meaning of life? How to make the right choice of life goals?
There is a very simple but very effective technique for this.
1. Clearly formulate your desire: what would you like, what options for the development of events do you see?
2. Stand in such a way that you have approximately 1.5 m of free space on either side.
3. Standing on an imaginary border, determine for yourself which option you will have on the left and which on the right (example: option 1 - become a lawyer (left), option 2 - become a doctor (right)).
4. Imagine the image of the first desire, then visualize the second.
5. Turn your back on the first option and start slowly, taking your time to approach it. Feel how strongly he attracts you. You can take a step “into the picture” and feel, “live” the moment when your wish came true (example: you have become a successful lawyer, there are a lot of people around, you answer calls, you are wearing expensive clothes, etc.). How do you feel at this moment? These could be some pictures, feelings, experiences. Then take a small step forward and get out of the image.
6. Turn around and begin to approach the second option with your back in the same way. Approach the image, take a step inside the picture. Allow yourself to “live” this alternative (example: you became a doctor, you help people, you smell medicine, you are wearing a medical gown, you are walking along the corridor of a clinic, etc.). Feel how much you like it. When you sufficiently understand the prospects for development in this direction, also take a step forward.
7. You have been in two images and now, standing on the border between them, imagine that your left hand is connected with a thread, rope or rope to the first option, and your right hand to the second. Feel which of the images attracts more, try to walk: step to the right, step to the left. Based on your feelings, you will understand which option attracts your body. If you don't feel attracted to any of the options, then ask yourself what is important to you? In this case, you are deceiving yourself, you want neither one nor the other, or you asked an inaccurate question, or the answer is not important to you.
Question 3. What signs of a person characterize him as an individual, and which ones as a personality? Give examples.
Many signs can be identified in all people: everyone has one or another eye color, one or another height, articulate speech, intelligence and the ability to work with the use of artificially created tools. Signs that characterize a person as one of many of his own kind are usually called individual. Man as one of the people is an individual. An individual is the most general characteristic of a person. He is an individual by nature, since his distinctive characteristics are largely determined genetically and by heredity.
Among the characteristics of a person there are also those that are characteristic of a specific person, one and only one. These signs are individual. They distinguish one person from others; based on these signs, a person cannot be confused with others. If in his manifestations a person is original, unique, he is easy to distinguish from all others, they say about him: “This is a bright individuality.” People of creative work especially value this characteristic - writers, poets, artists, actors, musicians.
Another sign inherent only to a person is to be a person. The concept of “personality” is certainly associated with the existence of society. A personality carries within itself certain values and qualities that society recognizes as significant, important, and necessary.
Becoming a person means not only having qualities that are important to society, but also demonstrating these qualities in a variety of activities. It is in activity that a person can realize numerous roles and functions that are characteristic only of people: the role of a worker, a family man, a creator, a defender of justice, etc.
Question 4. Can a person manifest himself as an individual outside of society? Give reasons for your answer.
No, because man is a social being. A person’s personality is formed under the influence of socialization institutions, and therefore society. Therefore, the saying is true: “You are not born as a person, you become a person.”
Question 5. How do worldviews and life values relate?
Worldview is a set of views, assessments, principles and figurative ideas that determine the most general vision, understanding of the world, a person’s place in it, as well as his life positions, behavior programs, and actions. It gives his activities an organized, meaningful and purposeful character.
Life values are a person’s values that actually organize his life. A person can choose his values, but if he chose them, they become above him and he obeys them. Values are similar to rules, both are a set of regulations, but if a person sometimes wants to bypass the rules, then life values are rules that are internally binding for a person, this is what a person follows himself and cannot change.
A personality necessarily presupposes the presence of its own view of the world. In other words, a personality without a worldview is impossible. This word is used to define a system of views on the world, on a person’s place in it and on the meaning of his life and activities. That is, these are, first of all, ideas, values, views of a general nature that create a certain picture of the world and man.
Any person who claims to be called a person has a system of such views. For some people, their entire system of views is determined by a conviction in the value of humanity, a humane and fair attitude towards other people, and a desire to work for the common good. The picture of the world of such individuals covers the whole world in all its diversity. They know how to enjoy the diversity and richness of colors of the world around them. They are characterized by both moral principles and lofty ideals of beauty.
Other people are quite happy that their small world is limited to their home, loved ones and relatives and their benefit. Everyday worries and storms make up the meaning of life for them. They do not think about eternal questions about the meaning of life.
Still others do not see anything outside of their own “I” and do not recognize other people as having equal rights and opportunities. The whole world of such people revolves around one single light. Their picture of the world is narrowed to their own concerns and achievements.
Question 6. What factors influence the choice of profession?
It takes a lot to ensure that your choice of profession matches your expectations and opportunities as closely as possible. First, you need awareness of the profession. The more you learn about it, the more truthful and accurate this information is, the less likely you are to be disappointed. Information about professions can be obtained from special reference books, books, and from a special vocational guidance service. It’s worth talking to those who have achieved something in this profession.
Secondly, one should take into account the opinion of futurologists (experts in predicting the future), who believe that in the 21st century. You will have to change your specialty more than once throughout your life due to fundamental changes in production technology. So, it’s important not just to choose
profession, but rather decide on the direction and scope of your abilities. Areas of professional activity are usually divided into the following: “man - technology”, where the main, leading subject of work is technical systems, material objects, types of energy; “man - nature”, where plants, animals or microorganisms are assumed to be the leading subject of labor; “man is a sign” - here the leading subject of work is conventional signs, numbers, codes, natural or artificial languages (for example, computer); “person - person” - the area is focused on working with people, groups, teams; “man is an artistic image” - this area uses artistic images and the conditions for their construction as the leading subject.
Thirdly, it is important to understand that not everyone can become famous in their profession. But success and fame are not an automatic addition to the profession. Fashion in professions is transitory, and professional success is the lot of workers.
Professional consultation with specialists can help in choosing the right profession. For some professions, it is necessary to accurately determine the speed of sound and light reactions in a person, the duration of the nervous reaction - all this can only be determined with the help of special installations and instruments.
In addition to a successful choice of profession, in order to achieve life goals, a person needs to go to work with joy in the morning, and in the evening to go home with joy. Family, family comfort and understanding are needed by a person at different periods of his life. In a family group, as in other small groups in which a person participates, he manifests himself as an individual.
Question 7. What stages does a personality go through in the process of formation?
This lifelong process includes three main phases.
The first phase consists of mastering the norms in force in a particular group (moral, educational, production, etc.) and mastering those techniques and means of activity that other members of this group possess. At this phase, a person assimilates the patterns of life of the group and becomes like everyone else. This phase can be called adaptation.
The second phase can be defined as the individualization phase. Its essence is that a person is looking for means and ways to indicate his individuality. At the same time, all internal resources are mobilized for its approval. At this stage of personality, it is important that people note its individual characteristics, recognize and appreciate it.
The third phase is integration. Here a person strives to find the best use of his individual properties. He becomes part of the whole - a group, a community, the whole society.
Each of these phases helps a person become an individual and polishes his most important qualities. Successfully overcoming difficulties in each phase makes it possible to form a fairly stable personality structure. The way out of the difficulties of personality development lies in understanding the laws of this process, the ability to correctly assess one’s capabilities, understand the requirements of the group, and make the right moral choice.
Question 8. They say about a person: “He is a bright personality.” Name what signs can serve as a basis for such an assessment.
A strong-willed, self-confident person who has principles and his own opinion, and knows how to convince others that he is right. Infecting everyone around with his energy. Which is not easy to forget.
Question 9. Draw up (in a notebook) a diagram of “Agents of Socialization”, indicating which agents of socialization are primary and which are secondary.
There was a dispute in the class. Andrei argued that all people are people simply because they were born among people, have all the external signs characteristic of a person, and therefore there is no point in the different names of a person: personality, individual, individuality. Tatyana objected that not every person can be called a person, but only the one who has done something outstanding and glorified his name.
What is your position in the debate? What arguments can you give?
I agree with Tatyana. Personality is a concept developed to reflect the social nature of a person, consider him as a subject of sociocultural life, define him as a bearer of an individual principle, self-revealing in the context of social relations, communication and objective activity. “Personality” can be understood either as a human individual as a subject of relationships and conscious activity (“person” in the broad sense of the word), or a stable system of socially significant traits that characterize the individual as a member of a particular society or community.
From birth, every person has a specific set of genes that distinguishes its owner from the mass of other people. But they constitute only certain development possibilities. In the process of living in society, in interaction with other people, specific human characteristics are formed: character, motivational sphere, individual qualities.
These traits help you realize your potential and achieve your life goals. The complex ambiguous structure of a human being can be reflected in the person-individual-personality system, where the path to the socialization of an individual is possible only after the formation of his personality. The highest level of development of an individual is the self-realization of all potential capabilities, which is available only with a formed individuality.
“Me personally!”
Personality is the definition of a complex psychological formation, a special property that arises at a certain stage of human development. One is not born a personality, one is born an individual. For a more accurate relationship in human nature with the concepts of individual, personality, individuality, one should consider their exact definition. The correct correlation of these concepts will form a holistic view of the structure of the concepts individual-individuality-personality-.
A person is a concept that includes the relationship of all the characteristics characteristic of people, regardless of whether a particular person has them or not.
Individual is a word of Latin origin (“individuum”), which means “indivisible.” This is a separate independent organism, a biological being, a representative of the human community. An individual is a person as a single human being, a representative of the species Homo sapiens, a product of the unity of innate and acquired, a bearer of individually unique natural properties. The concept of “individual” outlines the natural bodily existence of a person.
An individual is, first of all, a bearer of biological properties, and a “personality” is a bearer of socio-psychological ones. An individual can be considered a newborn child and an adult, a representative of a wild tribe and a person from a civilized country. When a person is born, he finds a formed system of social relations. His life in society creates such an interweaving of relationships that forms a person similar to other people. But at the same time, he is different: he thinks, acts, suffers in his own way.
The concept of “personality” is one of the most controversial and difficult to define in modern psychology. This concept is a kind of key to psychology and the resolution of its most significant problems. A single generally accepted definition of this concept still does not exist. The English word "personality" comes from the Latin "persona", which means "mask". This word denoted the mask that ancient theater actors wore during theatrical performances. From the very beginning, the concept was associated with the external social image that a person assumes when performing life roles. However, it is clear that the meaning of personality is much more complex and elusive than the external social image. To understand its fullness, it is important to highlight the following points:
- This is a deep essential characteristic of a person. Personality contains properties that distinguish one person from another: special, most striking and noticeable psychological traits. This is an internal force that acts and unites all reactions, all possible options for individual behavior.
- This is an entity that denotes stable forms of behavior. Personality properties are very persistent, consistently manifested in different situations, statements, in relation to others and in the internal attitude towards oneself. At the same time, it is a psychological entity on which new and unique forms of behavior also depend.
- It is the result of development and depends on biological heredity and social conditions. The history of the individual is the personality. It is formed through interaction with the social environment through communication and general activity.
- This is a stable psychological structure, a set of traits that dictate a certain logic of behavior. This structure forms the core of a person's personality.
Personality is characterized by special psychological formations, the relationship of which gives a person the opportunity to perform actions on the basis of free, independent and responsible choice, to defend his position, and create a special level and structure of personality. Psychological formations of personality include:
- inner world;
- character;
- capabilities;
- personal values;
- morality;
- personal choice;
- independence;
- responsibility;
- goals and prospects;
- personal way of acting.
When a personality is born, or “I myself!”
The transformation of an individual into a personality occurs in early preschool age, when the relationship between objective and sensory-practical actions is formed.
This process forms the image of “I” and causes “spiritualization” of the child’s entire life activity. A manifestation of this process in the child’s behavior is the desire for complete independence, when parents increasingly hear from the child “I myself!”
In the development of a child, this means his gradual liberation from adults, the development of subjectivity. Most psychologists agree that this very moment is the birth of a personality, its true essence, a holistic “I” with its own worldview.
Can every person be called a person?
Most psychologists believe that every person can be called a personality, but they make some clarifications. It is more correct to consider a newborn child, a teenager, a person of adolescence as a growing, developing personality. They are carriers of the makings of a future personality - a future integral system of properties.
The famous Russian psychologist L.I. Bozhovich believed that a person should be called a person who reaches a certain level of mental development, which is characterized by the perception of himself as a single whole, different from others. This means that a person can be called a person who has reached such a level of mental development that makes him capable of managing his own behavior and activities, and to some extent even mental development.
“I stand on this and cannot do otherwise!”
In the “individual-individuality-personality” system, the pinnacle of human development is at the level of individuality. At the same time, a person can become an individual only after the formation of personality.
Individuality– this is the definition of a bright personality that stands out for its noticeable originality. B. G. Ananyev believed that personality is the top of the entire structure of human properties, and individuality is its depth. Individuality reflects the unity of all levels of human organization. Each person has individual characteristics, but not everyone is an individual in the sense of harmony between different properties.
The formation of personality occurs in the process of socialization through the development of social norms and rules of behavior, the formation of relationships with others.
The formation of individuality is the process of individualization of the inner world and behavior. The psychological condition for individuality is maturity. The formation of individuality occurs in the process of human self-realization.
A formed individuality is a personality that has become original and has achieved self-determination in its own reality of existence.
Individuality is a new level of spiritual life to which the personality rises in the process of deep and purposeful development. As if after a kind of exam on the integrity of his inner “I”, a person becomes an individual.
The famous psychologist A.G. Asmolov once expressed a competent idea that one is born as an individual, becomes an individual, and defends individuality.
The relationship between the concepts “person-individual-personality-individuality” in the video:
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Personality
Personality noun, and., used often
Morphology: (no) who/what? personality, to whom; to what? personality, (see) who/what? personality, by whom/what? personality, about whom/what? about personality;
pl.
who what? personality, (no) who/what? personalities, to whom; to what? personalities, (see) who? personality, (see) who? personalities, by whom/what? personalities, about whom/what? about personalities
1.
Personality call the totality of properties inherent in a given person that make up his individuality. The development of personality in a person begins in childhood. | Be influenced by his personality. | An academic subject at school is not an end in itself, but a means of developing a child’s personality.
2. Personality They call a person with a strong personality, remarkable in all respects.
Our new conductor is a personality. | These people are interesting not only as musicians, but also as bright personalities.
3. Personality call a person from the point of view of his character, behavior, etc., defining his essence.
Suspicious person. | Bright personality. | Heroic personality. | All sorts of dark personalities are always hovering around him.
4. Personality They call a person as a member of society, a representative of any social stratum.
The role of personality in history. | Guarantee of personal integrity. | Show your ID. | Since ancient times, states have sought to control their subjects, and one of the best means of such control has always been identity cards.
5. If they say that someone is in an argument or discussion gets personal This means that instead of refuting someone else’s point of view, he begins to discuss the negative qualities of the one who expresses this point of view; in colloquial speech.
The habit of getting personal in conceptual disputes is alarming.
personal adj.
Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Dmitriev. D. V. Dmitriev. 2003.
Synonyms:
See what “personality” is in other dictionaries:
I. From the history of the word “personality” in the Russian language until the middle of the 19th century. 1. The Russian word personality has incorporated many of the meanings and shades of meaning that developed in different European languages among a large group of words dating back to... ... History of words
General and scientific term meaning: 1) human. the individual as a subject of relations and consciousness. activity (person, in the broad sense of the word) or 2) a stable system of socially significant traits that characterize the individual as a member of this or... ... Philosophical Encyclopedia
personality- Innate characteristics of thinking, sensations and behavior that determine the uniqueness of the individual, his lifestyle and the nature of adaptation and are the result of constitutional factors of development and social status. Brief explanatory psychological... ... Great psychological encyclopedia
PERSONALITY, personalities, women. 1. units only A separate human self, human individuality, as a bearer of individual social and subjective characteristics and properties. “Citizens of the USSR are guaranteed personal inviolability.” Constitution of the USSR.... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
Cm … Synonym dictionary
PERSONALITY- (lat. persona). The concept of “personality” is one of those concepts that throughout the history of human thought have caused the greatest discrepancy in definitions. And the scope and content of this concept in the interpretation of each philosopher... ... Great Medical Encyclopedia
PERSONALITY- a person who has a set of rights, freedoms and responsibilities that give him an independent, recognized and protected status by society, a special autonomous position in society. It is necessary to distinguish three statuses of an individual in society: 1) person, i.e. ... ... Legal encyclopedia
PERSONALITY, 1) a person as a subject of relationships and conscious activity. 2) A stable system of socially significant traits that characterize an individual as a member of society or a community. The concept of personality is distinguished from the concepts of individual and individuality. Modern encyclopedia
- (foreign) personal insult; a hint of a famous person. Wed. It is enough to just say that in one city there is a stupid man, who is already a person: suddenly a gentleman of respectable appearance jumps out and concludes: “After all, I am also a man, therefore, I too... ... Michelson's Large Explanatory and Phraseological Dictionary (original spelling)
1) a person as a subject of relationships and conscious activity. 2) A stable system of socially significant traits that characterize an individual as a member of society or a community. The concept of personality should be distinguished from the concepts of individual (single representative... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
- (from Latin persona - mask, role of actor) - a term denoting the social type of person as a product and bearer of a historically defined culture and performing certain functions in the system of established social relations. Personality is... ... Encyclopedia of Cultural Studies
Books
- The personality of Emperor Nicholas I and his era, Yankovsky. The personality of Emperor Nicholas I and his era: Jubilee. speech on the occasion of the centenary of the birth of June 25, 1796 / D. P. Yankovsky S 38/529: Warsaw: type. L. Schiller and son, 1900:D. P. Yankovsky...
