This year, school enrollment benefits for future first graders have been canceled (see our help), so in theory you can choose any educational institution - both by location, and by bias or teaching method (more on this in the next issues). But how not to make a mistake with the choice? What to focus on - the degree of shabbyness of the front door or the Chinese language from the first class?
Don't chase cool
“Don’t look at the “coolness” of the school, I got burned on this at one time,” warns Galina Koltsova, the mother of second-grader Timofey. - I chose the most “fancy” for my son - with language and computer courses instead of an extension - and put Timofey in a preparatory class. He studied well, and although the future teachers constantly whipped up nervousness on various occasions, I was pleased. Still the best school in the area! Timosha easily passed the tests and went to first grade at the age of 6. But the atmosphere in the classroom did not change - the teachers began to find fault even more, and the son began to complain of a constant headache. The class teacher called and hysteria on the phone: we spoiled her academic performance. Timothy actually stopped sleeping at night. We turned to a psychologist, and he categorically demanded to pick up the child and send it to first grade next year! I felt sorry for the tortured son. This time I chose a simpler school, but with sports sections to improve my health. So ask before entering what the guys do after school. Any circles in the first year of study are indispensable for adaptation. Now Timofey goes to the second grade, studies brilliantly and swims well.
The closer, the healthier
“Many parents dream of sending their future first grader to the very best school in the center,” says Yulia Gritsenko, a clinical psychologist. - But I would advise you to choose an educational institution closer to home. Then the child will not have to get up at 6 in the morning to leave the house in an hour and a half. After all, if in September this is not a problem, then in winter, when it dawns late in the morning, the rise “in the middle of the night” can turn into a daily disaster. The task of primary school is to accustom the kid to the educational process, so let him calmly get used to the "near-home" school, and then send him "to hell", he will already be mentally tempered.
Break through at any cost!
“Last year, I arranged for my daughter to go to school,” recalls Alena Bestuzheva, the mother of a first grader. - And at first I was taken aback. There were no places in any educational institution in my area! I didn't fold my arms. In three schools, she overcame the rebuff of the guards, made her way to the teachers who were recruiting the first classes. Two of the three schools were willing to accept my daughter. From conversations with friends, I learned that the “no places” technique is widely used: somewhere in this way they extort bribes, somewhere they artificially increase the prestige of the school. So don’t give up and your child will be enrolled!”
Choose a teacher
“The main thing is not the walls with gilding, but that the child likes the teacher,” advises Marina Lileeva, deputy director of the Intellectual school for gifted children. - After all, it depends on this person whether the baby will fully devote himself to learning. If the school refuses to introduce teachers who are gaining the first grades, contact the director. And if the "defense" is impenetrable, it is better to look for another educational institution, because sympathy between the future student and his teacher is necessary. And do not rush to start studying, it is better to send the child to school at 7.5 years old than at 6.5. No matter how talented your baby is, give him to the first class at the right time so that he does not get tired and is not capricious. Otherwise, with a much higher intellectual potential, he will lag behind his peers - if not in studies, then in emotional development, which is fraught with serious problems in adolescence.
Our reference
To enroll a child on April 1 in the selected school, parents will have to be on duty near it at night. The Moscow prosecutor's office is sure that the privileges prescribed in the Moscow legislation for certain categories of first-graders infringe on the rights of other kids. “Therefore, now no benefits, such as: the study of older children in this educational institution or living nearby, are not taken into account,” Alexander Gavrilov, spokesman for the Moscow Department of Education, confirmed to AiF. - Whoever comes first will be credited. Therefore, I recommend that you find out everything about the recording procedure now.”
Where to send the child, to which school?
Your good friends traditionally advise you to find out for this:
a) how many children are in the class
b) where is the school located,
c) what is her bias,
d) to public, alternative or private
e) whether the teachers there are polite, especially the first teacher.
e) how much you have to pay (legally or illegally)
But as soon as classes begin, parents feel that they have not calculated something: the child turns back from school, he brings bad habits, poor grades, a lot of homework and complexes from there.
Gradually, the parents begin to see clearly. It becomes clear to them that it was important to care not about the number of children in the class, but about what kind of environment they come from... Not about the location of the school, but about how comfortable it is for the child to develop his abilities there... Not about the bias of learning , but about what are the prospects for a child with this bias in life after graduation ... Will he go to a good university, and will he then earn enough in life ...
They want the child to be happy, but have not yet figured out what is needed for this: greenhouse conditions and a “kind” teacher, who allows and indulges everything, or “strict”, from whom you can learn the mind. Or both together.
They ask how many computers are in the school?.. Although instead one should ask: how many percent of the teachers in the school communicate with a computer on you and actively use mobile applications?
For some reason, they do not ask how conflicts are resolved (although you still have to face it sometime anyway).
It would also be good to ask, what is the system of assessments, rewards and punishments at school, is it not humiliating? Are bad grades given "on purpose"? And how are issues with payment, if any, resolved?
Another disappointment is the failed bias, or specialization, in parents. After all, there is no more effective way to raise a future loser in a family than from the age of six (or even from fifteen) to define him as physicists, writers, programmers, artists, lawyers or athletes.
Since it is already worth considering now whether he will then sit on his parents’ neck as a loser for up to thirty years and curse everyone in a row at street strikes.
Then is it not worth it to find a school in advance, where they give 2 in 1: both fundamental knowledge and practical, with the help of interdisciplinary case lessons?
Namely: be able to program, earn (and spend) money.., know the language well.., be able to work in a team.., skillfully process information.., quickly type on the keyboard and on a 3D printer.., be able to prioritize.. , communicate with everyone .., become erudite .., achieve goals .., do everything on time .., and 50 more similar skills and abilities.
It's good that recently there has been a steady trend when parents find a really progressive school, whose graduates have a successful and prosperous life.
And as they say, not least, thanks to the right choice of a good runway since childhood.
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The road to hell is paved with good intentions. We all want the best for our children. But sometimes we confuse our ambitions with what the child really needs.
"Which school are you going to?" - one of the mothers in the locker room of the kindergarten asked me secularly.
I hiccupped in surprise. At the time of this question, the son was barely five years old.
“I didn’t even think about it,” I admitted.
My answer surprised my interlocutor. And she enthusiastically began to list the already selected options. I listened with half an ear and nodded politely, not going to fill my head with anything like that for at least another year. But in vain.
Photo by GettyImages
I had to deal with this issue closely last autumn. To be honest, at first I didn't bother at all. The system of "assignment" of addresses to certain schools - such a system was introduced in St. Petersburg several years ago - suited me absolutely. No night fires under the windows of schools, no multi-kilometer queues and roll calls. They won't leave you without a seat, and thank God. Fortunately, the entrance to the nearest temple of science is three steps from my front door. Perfect!
My steadfastness was shaken after I spoke to my neighbor. Her eldest son in September became a first-grader of this particular school. And in two years, if they did not move, she would have to send two more twin boys here.
“Already fourteen times in two months I went to the rono,” the mother of many children admitted to me. - I ask you to transfer the child at least somewhere. They refuse, they say, there are no places. And I have never seen such a mess. Both theft and extortion. Knowledge is weak. And the contingent is not the most pleasant - two ordinary first classes and two correctional ones, for the mentally retarded. Of course, I am not against inclusion, but ... "
At this point, I got nervous. I don't need that kind of happiness.
Get into the best
I decided to discuss the issue with friends whose children are our peers. And I realized that, firstly, I was hopelessly behind the situation. Secondly, mothers seem to, advocating for quality education, satisfy their own ambitions first of all. And, thirdly, not a single system can withstand parental pressure. Do you need a registration? So it will!
“I chose a physics and mathematics school. The best in the area. The director at the meeting immediately said that she would not be able to take everyone who wanted to. Well, I had to buy a registration and use my connections.”
This is my friend Katya. So far, her son Sasha does not have any obvious inclinations towards the exact sciences, and, in principle, to study. He would like to drive the ball and watch cartoons. But my mother had already decided everything for him. The question of whether he could pull the complicated physics in high school, she left unanswered.
“We go either to Spanish or Italian. No languages today. For the next year, they made a residence permit with friends in order to go to school, this is enough. We go there for preparatory courses. It's hard to study there."
This is my other neighbor Julia. She sends her twins to first grade. True, to be honest, I’m not sure that the girls will pull the load. Moreover, there are many people who want to get there and the classes are too large: 30-35 people each. Yes, now this is also possible; in 2016, SanPiN excluded the norm according to which there should be no more than 25 students in a class.
Photo by GettyImages
“Well, a tutor, if anything, we’ll take it,” Yulia sighs.
Tutor, Carl! First-graders who just need to master the school curriculum.
“We send the kid to the cadet class. Let him grow up as a man." This is Cyril's father. His son is the most tender dandelion boy, from which his father decided to raise a real man. Unless, of course, his psyche is not broken first. Mom grabs her head, but doesn’t go against her husband’s word.
“And we go to a private school. Expensive, of course, 25 thousand per month. But there personality is at the forefront, not assessments. They are not even given them, they work according to the credit system. European education. And the classes are small.
I really wanted to go to this school. I started asking the mother of our classmate for details. It turned out that “personality” is great, but they don’t always have time to pass the mandatory program there. Yes, and education there is exclusively primary. And the classes are small - sometimes 10 people, and sometimes only 2. I imagined how this “personality” would come after such a careful attitude to the mass fifth grade of an ordinary school, and I felt sick. No thanks, that doesn't work for us.
The kids don't care
Maybe I don't understand something? With this question I had to go to the kindergarten psychologist. Like, am I not a bad mother if I don’t strive right now to shove my child into a specialized school? Maybe you already need to go out of your way to get into some humanitarian lyceum?
Most parents tend to place their child in a kindergarten or school that is closest to their place of residence or work. Due to the workload, first of all, children who have temporary or permanent registration in the area where the educational organization is located are accepted there.
How to do: step by step instructions
- statement;
- birth certificate of the child;
- certificate of registration at the place of residence of the parent;
- the basis document for moving in (a notarized housing lease agreement, an extract from the Unified State Register of Real Estate Registration for your own housing).
A child who has reached the age of 14 draws up an application with his own hand in the presence of one of the parents. In this case, you will need a teenager's passport, as well as consent to registration from the parent and a statement from the owner, who agrees to accept the tenant (?).
In the case of registration in a municipal apartment, it is necessary to additionally obtain the consent of local authorities.
All original documents submitted will be returned to parents. together with a certificate of temporary registration.
Do they check registration at the place of stay upon admission and how is it done?
In accordance with the Procedure for the admission of citizens to study in educational programs of primary general, basic general and secondary general education, approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of January 22, 2014 No. 32, and the Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of April 8, 2014 293 "On approval of the procedure for admission to study in educational programs of preschool education", school and preschool institutions have the right to request a certificate of temporary registration of the child in the list of necessary documents for enrollment.
Registration must be in the area where the educational institution is located. Due to the frequent cases of falsification, the leadership of the kindergarten or school can verify the authenticity of the document. This can be done by requesting a certificate in form No. 9, which will confirm registration.
It is also possible to clarify the fact of temporary registration by phone, or by writing a letter to the migration service department. It is possible to use the organ's online service.
Temporary registration at a school or kindergarten can be checked not only upon admission, but also already in the learning process.
Can they refuse admission, on what grounds?
The issue of refusing to admit or enroll in an educational institution a child who does not have a temporary residence permit is rather ambiguous and contradictory. The law "On Education in the Russian Federation" does not contain a direct rule that would prohibit the admission of a child's documents to a school or preschool institution without temporary registration.
According to this law, as well as part 2 of article 43 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the availability of education is guaranteed by the state. This implies the right of citizens to choose a general education institution regardless of their place of residence. The only reason for refusing admission to study is the lack of vacancies in the institution.
Also, the lack of a certificate of temporary registration can make the priority of the child entering the training secondary. In this case, there should be no refusal. In case of refusal, the parent has the right to demand a written justification and apply to the Department of Education or the prosecutor's office.
At the same time, the decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated June 15, 2017 No. AKPI17-265 recognized the absolute legality of the requirements for a temporary residence permit for admission to a general education institution. Therefore, without this reference, it will still not be possible to do.
Not required for children whose parents are in the armed forces, law enforcement, or work in court. Children of these persons have the right to enter kindergarten or school out of turn.
Thus, registration of a child's temporary registration for admission to a kindergarten or school is a fairly simple process that does not require much time. Her absence is not a direct reason for refusing admission to the institution. However, a timely temporary registration makes it possible to enter the chosen general educational institution without any problems in the order of priority.
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"By registration" the child must be accepted without fail. In other schools of their choice, children are accepted to vacant places, in a school not "by registration" they will have to compete with others if there are more applicants than vacant places.
Article 43 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation reads "General accessibility and free of charge pre-school, basic general and secondary vocational education in state or municipal educational institutions and enterprises are guaranteed."
The issues of obtaining education in our country are regulated by the Law "On Education in the Russian Federation", all by-laws cannot conflict with it.
Law "On Education of the Russian Federation"
The rules for admission to study in basic general education programs must ensure the admission of all citizens who have the right to receive general education of the appropriate level, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law.
The rules for admission to state and municipal educational organizations for training in basic general education programs should also ensure the admission to an educational organization of citizens who have the right to receive general education of the appropriate level and live in the territory to which the specified educational organization is assigned.
In admission to a state or municipal educational organization can be refused only because there are no vacancies in it, except for the cases provided for by Parts 5 and 6 of this Article and Article 88 of this Federal Law. In the absence of places in a state or municipal educational organization, the parents (legal representatives) of the child, in order to resolve the issue of his placement in another general educational organization, apply directly to the executive authority of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation that exercises public administration in the field of education, or the local government that manages in the field of education.
The mechanism for realizing the right to receive affordable education
The procedure for admission to schools is defined in detail in.
The Law on Education in the Russian Federation gives parents the right to choose educational institutions. In practice, this means that when entering grade 1 in accordance with Order No. 32, when entering a school "at the place of residence", the child must be accepted as a priority. In order to implement accessibility guarantees, first all children assigned to the school at the place of residence are accepted, then for the remaining places of all those who have chosen this school, regardless of their place of residence.
If there are no free places in the assigned school, the child must be placed in another one. But at the same time, no one limits the right to choose a school, you can enter any school, but only for vacant places. As stated in the law, the school does not have the right to refuse admission if there are vacancies.
The right to choose a school remains after admission
When entering a school by transfer, the requirements established by Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated March 12, 2014 N 177 "On approval of the Procedure and conditions for the transfer of students from one organization engaged in educational activities in educational programs of primary general, basic general and secondary general education, to other organizations, carrying out educational activities on educational programs of the appropriate level and focus", which also provide freedom of choice of schools. In fact, upon admission during the academic year, the priority in admission for those living in the assigned territory ceases to be valid, because. no one can refuse.
