Despite the ambiguous attitude towards mandatory state exams among school graduates and their parents, the abolition of the Unified State Examination in 2019 should definitely not be expected. Judging by the trend that took place in 2017 and 2018, students will have to prepare even better for the final tests and start preparing not at the beginning of the 11th grade, but much earlier.

If in the 2018-2019 academic year you have to finish school and choose a university, we strongly recommend that today you become interested in such questions as:

Required subjects

Although today it is too early to talk about any final decisions regarding the final tests, which should take place in the 2018-2019 academic year, nevertheless, employees of the Ministry of Education and Science are ready to slightly lift the veil of mystery. We managed to find out that in 2019, new compulsory subjects will definitely appear in the Unified State Examination.

The total number of compulsory subjects has not yet been determined. A team of specialists is working on this, weighing all the pros and cons of introducing new tests in various subjects.

History will definitely be added to the compulsory subjects (basic or specialized mathematics and Russian) in 2019. The Ministry of Education and Science focuses on the fact that every citizen should know the history of their country and be able to distinguish historical facts from profanities and fakes, which in recent years have begun to appear more and more often against the backdrop of confrontation between countries in the information field.

As a subject of choice, graduates will be able to choose:

• social science;
• physics;
• chemistry;
• informatics;
• foreign language;
• geography;
• biology;
• literature.

The list of foreign languages ​​available for delivery will include: English, German, French, Spanish and Chinese.

As before, tests for future applicants will begin at the beginning of winter with the writing of the December essay, which has already become a traditional start of the graduation campaign.

Thus, already today, studying in the 10th grade, future graduates must decide in which direction they would like to continue their education and decide how many and what subjects they need to take for this at the Unified State Examination in 2019.

Innovations and changes in the USE 2019

If you believe the promises of Vasilyeva, then there will be no cardinal changes in the 2018-2019 season. The innovations introduced in 2017 and 2018 have proved to be excellent, and therefore will be preserved in the new exam tickets.

The following important changes are expected:

1. Compulsory oral part in the Unified State Examination in the Russian language (the exam will be divided into two days).
2. Development of new KIM in literature, focused on the disclosure of the creative potential of the examinee.
3. Adding the so-called “integrated problems” to the mathematics tickets, for the solution of which students will need to accumulate knowledge from different areas of algebra and geometry.
4. The Informatics exam will be held only with the use of a PC (without the "paper" part).
5. Tightening the rules aimed at ensuring the reliability of the result.

Perhaps for schoolchildren who did not take a responsible enough approach to the study of individual subjects and realized their lack of knowledge only when they entered the 11th grade, information about how many subjects they have to take for the exam in 2019 will be frightening. But, the purpose of such innovations is to provide competitive universities of the country with students with the necessary amount of knowledge.

For more information about the innovations that are expected in the Unified State Exam, see the interview with Olga Vasilyeva.

USE calendar for 2019

According to the approved schedule of the Unified State Exam, graduates of the 2018-2019 academic year will write the December essay on the following dates:

• main session - 12/05/18;
• 1st retake — 02/06/19;
• 2nd retake - 05/08/19.

The early period will run from 03/20/19 to 04/10/19 according to the established schedule:

The calendar of the main session of the exam in 2019 will be as follows:

In September, graduates will be able to retake only compulsory subjects. The transfer schedule will be as follows:

Minimum and passing scores

Completing the tasks of the exam, the graduate gains test scores, which are converted into final results on a certain scale. Whether there will be changes in the 2019 table is not yet known. But, with a high degree of probability, it can be argued that the system of the minimum and passing score will remain.

• Minimum score- a necessary condition for obtaining a document on education. It is not difficult to score a minimum score in subjects. To do this, it is enough to master the theory and practice at a basic level.
• Passing score- a necessary condition for entry into the university chosen by the graduate. Information about passing scores for a particular specialty at the university of interest should be sought on the official website of the educational institution.

Retake

One of the good news is the fact that in 2019 it will be possible to retake not only compulsory subjects, but also any USE exam. But, only one!

For graduates of previous years who received an unsatisfactory result, as well as for those who “failed” more than 1 subject or were convicted of violating discipline, there will be no retakes.

If the graduate could not appear on the day of the test for a good reason (documented), then he will receive 2 more attempts.

• on the reserve day of the session;
• during the fall session.

Since the USE certificate remains valid for 4 years, the autumn retake opens up the prospect of entering a university next year, or even in 2019-2020, to faculties with a shortage of students.

Training

Reading our article today, you thought in time about preparing for the final tests that await you in the 11th grade.

Experienced teachers, who have years of effective preparation of graduates for the Unified State Exam, recommend going to the intended goal according to the following algorithm:

1. Determine which faculty you would like to enter.
2. Find out what compulsory subjects (USE certificates) the university requires from applicants in 2019.
3. Get acquainted with what changes are expected in 2019 in the main subjects of the Unified State Examination (the official website of the FIPI will help with this).
4. Step by step repeat all the topics of the school course in subjects, practicing the solution of trial tickets in 2018 and 2019.
5. Attend exam preparation courses or contact a tutor.

Unfortunately, practice shows that just a good knowledge of the subject is not enough for the successful passing of the exam. It takes practice to solve tasks of a certain type. Gaining experience in solving USE tickets while preparing for exams, students form a strategy for completing tasks and gain self-confidence, which is an indispensable assistant in achieving success.

Subscribe to our updates or join our groups on social networks and you will not miss important changes and the latest news about what to expect for 11th grade students at the USE in 2019.

We also offer to watch a video of the All-Russian meeting of the head of Rosobrnadzor with parents, at which issues important for future graduates were raised.

It is necessary to carefully monitor changes in the exam options: if you do not pay attention to a new criterion or type of task, this will lead to an offensive loss of points. We have collected everything new in the Unified State Examination so that graduates know what to prepare for in 2019.

Russian language

What's new?

• Added new task #21
• Changed the format of tasks No. 2, 9-12
• An increase in points according to the K2 criterion and a change in the K4 criterion in the essay
• For task number 1, they give a maximum of one point instead of two
• Task #20 now goes under item #6

New task #21

It tests the ability to conduct punctuation analysis of the text, that is, to explain which punctuation mark should be put and why. It involves searching for structures with commas, colons and dashes in the proposed text. 1 point is given for a correct answer. The numbers of correct answers can be given in any order, their number is limited only by the number of sentences.

In the demo version of the exam, the new task number 21 looks like this:

It is important to pay attention to the task, because graduates consistently perform poorly on punctuation tasks. Most often, problems arise with the rules on the topics "Punctuation in sentences with introductory constructions", "Punctuation in sentences with homogeneous members", "Punctuation in complex sentences consisting of several parts".

Task number 2

The task has become more difficult, there are no more answers to choose from. Instead of choosing a word from the proposed list, you will have to select it yourself for the gap. The task tests the ability to identify relationships between sentences and use the means of communication between them.

Tasks #9-12

The changes affected the form of the assignment: instead of writing out words with missing letters, you need to choose the answer option with a number.

On the one hand, it has become easier - you do not need to write out a whole word, on the other hand, it is more difficult, because there can be more than one answer.

The writing

Now, when writing an essay according to the K2 criterion “Comment on the formulated problem of the source text”, they give 5 points instead of 3.

To get all 5 points you need:

1. Comment on the position of the author based on the source text
2. Give 2 illustrations from the text that are important for understanding the problem
3. Explain both examples
4. Reveal the semantic connection between examples
5. Avoid factual errors related to understanding the problem of the text. For example, if the text raises the problem of creating a reputation, you should not talk about the categories of good and evil.

The criterion for assessing K4 has changed. Now it is not necessary to give arguments from life experience or literary works. Instead of 3 points, they give 1 for it. In order for the criterion to be counted, it is necessary to express your attitude towards the author's position, whether you agree with it or not, and justify your answer.

Literature

Significant changes in the structure and content of the exam in literature are not planned.

What's new?

The criteria for verification and evaluation in assignments have been clarified:

• No. 8 and 15 - the wording in K1 and the calculation of errors in K2 have been clarified.
• No. 9 and 16 - in K1 and K2, options for shortcomings in the answers were added.
• #17.1–17.4 added logical error count to K4.

Tasks 8 and 15

The item "The answer is meaningfully related to the task" was replaced by "the answer to the question is given", the essence of the criterion has not changed - the text must be understood correctly, and the author's position is not distorted.

Factual errors are taken into account more strictly: if two or more are made, 0 points are given according to the second criterion, 1 point if one error is made, and a maximum of 2 points if there are no errors.

Tasks 9 and 16

These tasks test how well the graduate can match the proposed work of art with another from the school curriculum. Here, according to the first criterion, you can get the maximum 2 points if the work is named, the author is indicated, it is compared with the proposed text in the given direction, the position of the author of the work is determined correctly.

The main changes relate to what you can get 1 point for: this year it is permissible to compare works in a formal way, that is, simply repeat the wording of the task.

Tasks 17.1–17.4

In the evaluation criteria, it was specified for how many logical errors the points are reduced. So 0 errors - this is 3 points according to the criterion, 1-2 errors - 2 points, 3-4 errors - 1 point, more than 4 errors - 0.

Social science

Global changes in the structure and content of the USE test materials in social science in 2019 are not planned.

What's new?

• Task No. 25 - the wording of the task has been clarified and the grading system has been changed. The maximum score has been increased from 3 to 4.
• Assignments No. 28, 29 - wordings have been clarified, assessment systems have been improved.
• The maximum primary score has been increased from 64 to 65.

Task #25

Unlike last year, the current answer to the assignment must contain at least three sentences:

• sentences or several sentences that reveal the meaning of the concept from the task,
• information about three types of disciplinary sanctions from the course of social science,
• a proposal that reveals the essence of the principle of humanism of legal responsibility.

The concept is evaluated separately, with a maximum of 2 points, for the other two aspects - proposals - they also give a maximum of 2 points. If the definition in the first sentence is incorrect, then the second part of the lesson is not evaluated at all.

The answer cannot be:

• repeat the concept, the meaning of which must be revealed;
• indicate a sign that is already contained in the wording of the assignment;
• explain the meaning of the concept through negation, metaphor, allegory;
• use wording that distorts the meaning of the concept or its individual aspects;
• use reasoning of a household, rather than a social science nature;
• use uncommon sentences.

Task #28

In this task, it is necessary to draw up a complex plan that will reveal the stated topic. Like last year, the plan should have at least three points, but now at least two of them should be detailed.

To get the maximum score for an assignment:

• the answer must be given in the form of a plan, other forms: text, diagram, table are unacceptable;
• it is necessary to draw up a plan of at least three points;
• at least two points should be written in subparagraphs;
• the plan should reveal the topic, based on social science knowledge.

Task #29

In the task, you must choose one of the proposed statements and write a mini-essay based on it.

This year the wording of the task has been changed:

• In the text of the assignment, instead of the word “problem”, “the main idea of ​​the topic raised by the author” is used - this is done so that graduates do not look for and invent a problem, but focus on the meaning of the statement.
• To reveal the idea of ​​a statement based on social science knowledge (concepts and theoretical positions).
• As an illustration, use two or more examples from different sources: public life, media reports; personal experience, including what has been read and viewed, from other academic subjects. Examples don't have to be the same!

The evaluation criteria have become clearer, now you can’t slip through with an essay that uses phrases and judgments at the everyday level. The main change concerns criterion 29.3: it now gives a maximum of 1 point. Its meaning lies in the fact that reasoning and conclusions must be consistent, consistent, justified and reliable from the point of view of scientific social science.

Story

What's new?

• In task No. 21, a new requirement for the design of the answer has been added, the criteria for its evaluation have been supplemented.

The paragraph “when answering, avoid quoting redundant text that does not contain provisions that should be given according to the condition of the task” was added to the text of the task. This is due to the fact that graduates often quoted large chunks from the text given in the assignment. Now, if the answer contains extra information, it will not be counted.

Biology

What's new?

• Task #2 has been replaced. Added work with the table instead of the task with multiple choice of the correct answer. Now instead of 2 points they give 1 for it.

• Added variants of the task on genetics in the form of task No. 6. Here it will be necessary to analyze the pedigree and determine the genotype of the offspring according to the scheme.

• The maximum primary score decreased by 1 and will be 58 points.

Foreign language

What's new?

• The wording and evaluation criteria for task No. 40 - writing an essay have been clarified. The one for which this year many graduates received 0 points.

Now, in task No. 40, two statements are offered to choose from, graduates must choose only one and write a detailed essay according to the plan:

1. in the introduction, identify the problem by paraphrasing the selected statement;
2. express personal opinion and present 2-3 arguments in its defense;
3. express an opposite opinion and give 1-2 arguments in its favor;
4. explain why you disagree with the opposite opinion;
5. write a conclusion where you reaffirm your opinion.

The Unified State Examination (USE) has become the only form of final exams for schools for quite a long time - in 2009, and it was first tested at the turn of the millennium. Adjustments are constantly being made to the USE rules, making schoolchildren and their parents worry every year.

It has been known for a long time that the USE system will undergo major changes. Dmitry Livanov, the former head of the Ministry of Education, was the first to announce this. Olga Vasilyeva, the new head of the department, also said in her first interviews that the course of transformation would be supported. The reform will continue for several years, and the USE 2018 will be no exception.

The first thing that worries all schoolchildren: both those who are preparing for graduation and those who are just starting their studies, is the question “Will the USE be canceled in 2018?”. Both the current minister of education and the previous one answered it: too much effort has been invested in the system of the state exam itself to talk about its abolition now. The USE proved to be an excellent system for testing the knowledge of graduates, giving objective and accurate assessments of the level of knowledge of students.

Therefore, in the present tense, we can only talk about the further reform of the USE, about its transformations and changes. If the quantity and quality of the latter cause heated discussions, then there will definitely not be abolition of the Unified State Examination in 2018, as well as in subsequent years.

Compulsory subjects of the USE 2018

How many subjects to take for the exam 2018? This question is of great concern to today's high school students. And there are reasons for such concern, or, more correctly, there were. The fact is that in an interview, the previous Minister of Education, Dmitry Litvinov, said that by 2018 the number of subjects in the Unified State Examination will increase to six. In 2017, he said, a third was to be added to the number of mandatory exams, and in 2018, a fourth plus two elective exams, for a total of six. But with the coming to power of a new minister, Olga Vasilyeva, the strategy for reforming the USE has also changed.

The fact that a third should be added to the two compulsory subjects that exist today has been talked about for quite some time - the first rumors appeared in 2014. However, no action has been taken in this regard so far. And even at the end of the 2016-2017 academic year, graduates will still take three exams - two mandatory and one optional.

However, in 2018, that is, at the end of the 2017-2018 academic year, the third mandatory exam is likely to increase. This was said back in 2015, and officials from the Ministry of Education and Science confirm this. It remains only to decide which subject will be included in the top three required.

Today, history is considered the favorite among all other school disciplines. Even the president spoke in favor of the subject, noting that today schoolchildren's knowledge of their native history leaves much to be desired. As the minister noted, making the discipline one of those for which compulsory examinations are taken will increase interest in science and force both students and teachers to pay more attention to the subject. Whether this is so, time will tell.

In second place in popularity is social studies. According to FIPI statistics, schoolchildren choose this subject more often than others - about a third of students take social studies as an elective exam. However, after the reform, the exam became somewhat more difficult, and therefore it is no longer possible to argue that social science is a simple subject.

In third place is physics. Fans of engineering universities are in favor of this subject. Focusing on the exact sciences has long been haunting the minds of education officials, but for many schoolchildren, physics is too complex and difficult to study as a subject. Given this, it is impossible to argue that the discipline will be included in the number of mandatory ones.

Today, it is impossible to say with accuracy which compulsory subjects are included in the USE 2018. The exact number and name of exams will be known closer to the beginning of the 2017-2018 academic year, that is, until September 2017. So far, only one thing is firmly known - the Russian language and mathematics will have to be passed in any case.

Latest news

Upon taking office, the new Minister of Education gave several lengthy interviews at once, where a lot of attention was paid to the issues of the Unified State Examination. Vasilyeva confirmed that the course towards transforming the Unified State Examination, taken under the previous leader, is still relevant. However, the minister is a fan of gradual changes, smooth reforms, and not abrupt innovations. In addition, Vasilyeva said that before introducing any global changes in the exam, they will be brought to the attention of the public. Thus, it is worth hoping that the USE structure will not undergo large-scale transformations in 2018. However, the planned changes will still take place.

Speaking about the changes, first of all, the reform of the Unified State Examination in Literature is meant. The new exam model has already been announced by FIPI, and you can get acquainted with the demo version of KIM on the website of the department. So, what will the Unified State Examination in Literature bring in 2018, will schoolchildren write an essay, and how difficult will the exam be?

Questions with short answers will be excluded. Some time ago literature lost its test part; questions with a choice of one correct answer out of four were replaced with questions with short answers. This part is aimed at testing terminology - examiners must ensure that students are familiar with all the terms used in the discipline. However, the new minister said that from 2018 literature will become a more creative subject, and therefore there is no need for a special “terminological” part.

Simplification of the task for the analysis of the work. The second type of task is a kind of mini-essay, when the text presented in the KIM had to be compared with two others, which the student must remember on his own. From 2018, students will only need to provide one text for analysis.

Increasing the number of topics for essays. Until 2018, students were offered only three topics to choose from to write an essay. After the reform, the number of topics will increase to four or even five.

Increasing the volume of the essay. Today, the minimum length of an essay is 200 words. From 2018, its length should be at least 250 words.

Essay grades. Today, as you know, there are only two criteria for an examination essay - “passed” or “not passed”. In 2018, it is planned to introduce a rating scale for this block of the exam - now the essay will be evaluated according to a five-point system familiar to schoolchildren.

The new USE model in literature is currently being tested in 44 regions, and if the result is satisfactory, it will become the main one in 2018. In August, all project documents will be made publicly available on the FIPI website and, within a few months, they will be publicly discussed.

USE in a foreign language

The Ministry of Education decided that a foreign language in 2018 will still not be included in the list of compulsory subjects. Moreover, discussions on this subject are very fierce, as everyone understands how important a foreign language is for building a career.

As a result, to date, it has been decided that a foreign language will become a mandatory exam only at the USE 2022.

In the meantime, those 11th graders who want to be certified according to it choose a foreign one as an additional exam.

For the USE 2018, the choice of languages ​​will be as follows:

• English;
• Deutsch;
• French;
• Spanish;
• Chinese.

The Chinese language entered the program after trial exams were successfully held in Amur schools in 2016.

USE 2018 in Crimea and Sevastopol

It is already known for sure that the USE 2018 in Crimea and Sevastopol will be voluntary. Moreover, this is the last year of such preferences.

School graduates of the peninsula can choose between passing the Unified State Examination and the classical final and entrance exams to universities.

Meanwhile, statistics show that last year in Sevastopol 84% of graduates chose the Unified State Examination, and, in general, in Crimea, the figure is much lower - 34%.

Results

There will be changes in the Unified State Examination in 2018 - Vasilyeva herself and officials of various departments in charge of this issue speak about this. However, it is too early to talk about what exactly these changes will be - accurate information will appear only in the second half of 2017.

Finally, the first serious publications appeared in the media that could shed light on the upcoming reforms. Interviews and news articles that appeared recently in the media, where we met cryptic quotes from the Minister of Education Olga Vasilyeva or the head of Rosobrnadzor Sergey Kravtsov about the blockchain at the Unified State Examination or conducting final exams on computers, provided food for discussion, but did not tell in detail - where are we going? , what is the vector of the next reform initiatives. In the article we will tell you what awaits the Unified State Examination until 2030, and at the end of the post you will find all the changes in the KIMs of 2019.

In August 2018, the "Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements" released the next issue of its journal "Pedagogical Measurements", which can be safely called programmatic. It was in this issue that the developers of tasks for the Unified State Examination and the OGE told in detail how the main exam of the country should change in the next 10-15 years.

Reformatting - strong changes will occur in the USE tasks themselves - KIMs.

1. Creative and problematic assignments will be given priority.

With the introduction of new educational standards (FSES), the USE assignments will become more creative, the compilers will pose problematic questions to graduates. In short, the new Federal State Educational Standards and the updated tasks of the Unified State Exam will have to consolidate the system-activity approach as the main one in the domestic education system.

2. Interviews (and oral forms of control in general) will appear in the USE in the humanities.

Soon the interview will be practiced not only at the Unified State Examination in Russian or foreign languages, but also in other social and humanitarian subjects. What specific items were meant and what the tasks will look like - all this is not entirely clear yet.

3. From now on, USE tests will tend towards an adaptive format.

It is planned to develop several different versions of the exam in one subject, depending on the graduate's hobbies. Let's explain what is meant. Already now, in some disciplines, there is a division of exams into basic and specialized levels. That is, there are actually two exams in the same subject. Mathematics is the most striking example. Soon, by the way, the USE in foreign languages ​​will be taken on the same principle. The FIPI developers want to go further - to make different exams in different areas of the same scientific discipline. For example, mathematics for physicists, mathematics for engineers, mathematics for chemists, etc. Obviously, universities will also be interested in this when accepting applicants for a particular faculty.

4. The share of USE tasks with a detailed answer will constantly grow.

FIPI developers warn that the updated USE will still contain similar creative tasks, and there will be more and more of them.

The digitalization of the Unified State Examination is one of the directions of the total digitalization of the entire Russian school.

The national project "Digital Economy" dictates all the main reform trends. In the May Decrees, the President set the task to enter the top 10 countries in the world in terms of the quality of general education by 2024, as well as to create a modern and safe digital educational environment.

In 2016, on behalf of the President, the Russian Electronic School (NES) was created. NES is a large-scale online platform that collects interactive lessons made and published by the best teachers in Russia. All these lessons correspond to the current Federal State Educational Standards, and also passed an independent examination. How will digitalization affect the USE?

1. The main innovation is the EE at the computer.

Paper forms will become a thing of the past. Already in 2022, the Unified State Examination in Informatics and ICT will be held only on computers, and the first trial testing of the updated exam will take place in 2019.

2. To protect the GIA from leaks, a secure information transmission line will be created.

It is through these lines that in the future all USE assignments will be transmitted directly to the examination points (PET).

3. Rotation and choice of CMM variant by computer.

To further protect the main exam from leaks in the future, the KIM options for each graduate will be selected by a computer program right at the time of passing the exam. This will be a random selection from a variety of options, which means that leaks will be excluded.

Verification will also reach a new level and become more transparent and objective.

1. In the future, it is planned to completely transfer the USE to the online mode.

The exam will not only be held on a computer or tablet, KIMs and graduates' answers will be uploaded to the cloud storage, access to which will be strictly classified. It is from there that experts will extract it for verification.

2. Verification of works will be centralized and independent.

The practice will soon end when exam papers were checked by experts from the same region as the USE participants whose papers they evaluate. Now more and more often they will use "cross" checking, that is, the work will be given for evaluation in other regions. Also in the future, it is planned to create a single online commission, which will include the best experts from all over the country.

3. Artificial intelligence can replace USE experts.

FIPI has already voiced quite fantastic reforms: it is officially stated that the developers of the USE are seriously thinking about introducing a completely independent examination of the exam using artificial intelligence. This is planned to be done by 2030.

What changes await the USE already in the 2018-2019 academic year. year?

Here is the official FIPI certificate about all the changes in the tasks of the USE in 2019:

In KIM for all academic subjects, additional reminder instructions have been introduced for USE participants on checking the records of answers on forms No. 1 and No. 2 under the corresponding task numbers.

All changes in the KIM USE are not of a fundamental nature. For most subjects, the wording of assignments is being clarified and the system for assessing assignments is being improved to increase the differentiating ability of the examination work.

There are no changes in the KIM USE in mathematics, geography, physics, chemistry, computer science and ICT in 2019

Russian language

The number of tasks in the examination paper has been increased from 26 to 27 due to the introduction of a new task (21), which tests the ability to conduct punctuation analysis of the text.

The format of tasks 2, 9–12 has been changed. The range of tested spelling and punctuation skills has been expanded. The level of difficulty of individual tasks has been clarified. The wording of task 27 with a detailed answer has been clarified. The criteria for assessing task 27 have been clarified.

Biology

The task model in line 2 has been changed (instead of a two-point multiple-choice task, a one-point task for working with a table has been proposed). The maximum primary score for completing the entire job has been reduced from 59 to 58.

Foreign languages

There are no changes in the structure and content of KIM. The criteria for evaluating the performance of task 40 of the “Writing” section in the written part of the exam, as well as the wording of task 40, in which the exam participant is offered a choice of two topics of a detailed written statement with elements of reasoning “My opinion”, have been clarified.

Literature

The criteria for evaluating the performance of tasks with a detailed answer have been clarified: corrections have been made to the evaluation of tasks 8 and 15 (the wording of criterion 1 with a description of the requirements for an answer for 2 points, the rules for calculating actual errors in criterion 2), tasks 9 and 16 (in criteria 1 and 2, possible variants of flaws in the answer), tasks 17.1–17.4 (counting logical errors was added to criterion 4).

Social science

Detailed wording and reworked the scoring system for task 25. The maximum score for completing task 25 has been increased from 3 to 4.

The wording of tasks 28, 29 has been detailed, and the systems of their assessment have been improved. The maximum primary score for completing the entire job has been increased from 64 to 65.

Story

There are no changes in the structure and content of KIM. In task 21, an additional condition was added that determines the requirement for formatting the answer. Accordingly, the criteria for assessing task 21 have been supplemented.

The state exam in the Russian language is included in the list of mandatory tests that any Russian student who receives a certificate in 2019 will have to go through.

Of course, it also belongs to the list of exams that are common to absolutely all domestic universities, therefore, it is also quoted in terms of obtaining higher education as such. That is why, apart from the fact that any citizen of the country must know the state language at the proper level, preparation for it must be approached extremely responsibly, and, no doubt, it will not be out of place to be well versed in all the nuances associated with it.

The general outline of this exam has remained unchanged for several years, but it seems that the USE 2019 in the Russian language is ready to bring a lot of surprises to potential graduates. Pleasant or not so - read on in our material!

Everything new is well forgotten old

So, firstly, today's schoolchildren may not deceive themselves - the final essay or presentation in literature, as it was considered admission to the Unified State Examination in the Russian language earlier, will continue to remain in the same status in 2019. Therefore, in December 2018, graduates of 2019 and in December 2019, those who leave the school bench in 2020, are waiting for the writing of this work.

On the one hand, of course, this is a useful thing - even the Ministry of Education and Science, after collecting many years of statistics, calculated that the results in the language exam after returning the essay became much better.

On the other hand, the students, as expected, grumble that at the end of the year they have to hand over a list of subjects that is completely impossible in terms of quantity, to which, we recall, a mandatory history has recently been added, and soon it will be replenished with a foreign language. But, since the position of the departments on this issue remains firm and unchanged, it is better to just accept and consider the essay / presentation simply as another stage in preparing for a full-fledged USE. Moreover, there is indeed a grain of truth in this.

But the promises to "please" the children with an additional oral test - this is perfect news. And, sadly, in all likelihood, in 2019 this is definitely waiting for us.

At first, this format should have been tested at the OGE for the ninth grades, and if it was successful, it should also be introduced for the eleventh graders. And although the data for this year is still being collected, we all understand that if something is being tested in our country, then in 99 cases out of 100 all this is coming, and very soon - if not in 2019, then in 2020- m for sure. Moreover, the relevant responsible persons have already reported that technically all the preparations for this have been completed, it remains only to work out organizational decisions, for which, of course, there is still enough time.

Oral GIA among ninth-graders as a test was carried out in the schools of Chechnya, Tatarstan and the Moscow Region, and passing this part became a “pass” to passing the written test.

The former Minister of Education, as we know, advocated that the test blocks be excluded in principle, what will be the policy of the new head of department in this regard is not yet clear, but, most likely, the tone will be taken less radical - both options will be considered, not it is possible that, as it is now happening with a foreign language, perhaps they will swap parts (first they will give oral - then written) and the emphasis will be placed on the first one.

What is meant? So far, two technical models are being considered: the teacher and the computer. Which of them will find its practical application is, unfortunately, not yet clear.

In general, the return to oral exams abhors the original essence of the new GIA, as such. After all, the first desire was, on the contrary, to remove teachers as much as possible from the surrender process, preventing nepotism, corruption and other personal factors, putting all students in the same conditions. It would seem that surrendering to a computer could be a good way out, but not everything is so smooth here, given the level of technology and other specifics.

As we know, while in the domestic field far from always working programs are able to recognize with absolute accuracy the voice of a person in all its nuances, and even more so it is not clear what to do for children with speech therapy defects, as well as for disabled children with speech disorders, etc. .

In a word, unfortunately, so far there are more questions with the oral part of the Russian language than sensible and unambiguous answers to them. And we can only believe that they will have time to receive an adequate response even before the graduates of 2019 begin to pass state exams.

The structure of the exam, the regulations and the procedure for passing

So, while there is no official confirmation that the oral part has been finally approved, therefore, it is not clear how much time will be allotted for it. It is possible that, by analogy with a foreign language, they will provide only fifteen minutes of time and a maximum of 4 tasks for giving answers. Which, of course, corresponds to the complexity of the mass involvement of teachers or computer equipment to serve such a gigantic number of everyone.

The written part, and it will most likely be left, as before, will take 210 minutes to write, because the Ministry of Education and Science sees no arguments to cut the exam, even taking into account the introduction of the oral part - they believe that the language doesn't happen much. Moreover, it is not a fact that all this will be taken on the same day - perhaps, as with mathematics, the tests will be smashed to different dates.

According to the written test part, the passing minimum in the Russian language for admission to universities will be at the level of 36 points, and you can score a maximum of 58. Plus the second block - an essay - only 42 points are available for it. The certificate is given for 24+.

Questions from the second to the sixth, from the eighth to the fourteenth and from the sixteenth to the twenty-fourth are estimated at 1 point, for questions 1 and 15 you can get a maximum of 2 points, and for the seventh - up to 5. To learn how to correctly build answers, you should carefully study the evaluation criteria on the FIPI website.

They are seated, as always, one per desk, with only documents and a pen, and, if necessary, medicines and food. The forms will be printed immediately on the spot - this, by the way, is brand new. In 2018, the date for the Russian language was June 9, which, of course, is still unknown in 2019, but most likely they will choose something between May 26 and June 19.

What will be the tasks?

Until 2018, there were 25 tasks, but now there will be 26. The bonus was No. 20 for testing knowledge of lexical norms, but more on that later. And there is no reason to believe that the same rules will not apply in 2019.

In addition, in many questions the wording has become somewhat different: in some places new terms have appeared, new rules are mentioned in accordance with the latest trends in the educational program. Therefore, whatever one may say, you will have to learn more, however, not by much. The main thing is to rely on the methodological materials of 2018, and not of previous years, in order to keep abreast of current changes.

There are only two blocks in the written part. The first contains test questions, the answer to which can be a number (when you need to choose from the options offered), or you need to enter a word / phrase in the appropriate fields of the form. And it, in turn, is divided into two parts: A and B - basic and slightly more complex, respectively.

As for the essay, it should be 200 words in size (this is now task 26), the topic for it and the specific requirements are prescribed in the question itself, which is attached to it.

As for the topics of the questions, it is known for sure that the 20th will be devoted to lexical norms - one sentence is given there, which must be corrected according to this criterion (remove the extra word and write it down in the answer sheet). The 7th question is assigned to test knowledge of the parts of speech, their cases and declensions, the eighth, as a rule, contains something according to syntactic norms, and in tasks 9 to 14 - spelling questions. The next five tasks are devoted to punctuation rules. Therefore, in order not to waste time in vain, first proceed to those groups for which you are best prepared.

Ideally, it is worth taking at least six months to prepare for the Unified State Exam in the Russian language, but it all depends, of course, on the level of preparation and other points. True, here we must understand that this time, given the need to prepare for other exams, is not enough for a complete study of all topics.

However, during these few months, you can at least work out several options and then it will become clear which topics need maximum attention. Consistently advised to study:

• "Phonetics"
• "Vocabulary and Phraseology"
• Morphemics and Word Formation
• "Morphology"
• "Syntax",
• "Spelling"
• "Punctuation"
• "Speech",
• "Language Norms".

It is also good, at least for a fact-finding, to work out expressiveness and style processing.

As for the tests, we write notes, memorize the rules, do countless exercises with them and train for a while to answer according to the ready-made versions of the exam for the past years. Everything is relatively simple here. But, it is important to pay special attention to the "traps" of tasks, which, believe me, abound in abundance. By the way, there are a number of textbooks (for example, Alekseeva and Volkova's "Unified State Examination without Errors") in which all this is described in detail.

The most difficult, as the practice of 2018 showed, was precisely that new 20th task - a complete trick in its purest form. In order to answer it correctly, you must either have the deepest knowledge of vocabulary (there, believe me, teachers often pour in), or super-intuition.

However, if you stop joking, in fact, it is possible to prepare for this task, but here you will need either the advice of an experienced teacher, or some good manual with common speech errors, from where, as a rule, compilers take tasks for this type questions (something like "Speech errors and their prevention" by S.N. Zeitlin or the work of I.A. Tursunova with the same name).

Also keep in mind that the order in which the numbers are written in the answer matters - the answer may not be counted for a permutation at all.

Next, the most important thing: learn how to quickly and effectively work on essays - these are fairly easy points to get, which it’s a sin not to use. In addition to the banal correspondence to the size, compositional rules should be strictly adhered to, that is, the structure “introduction-main part-conclusion and conclusions” is an immutable law.

At the same time, those who like to pour water and “be smart” with extensive introductions and conclusions should unlearn this habit: if you choose a career in the corresponding profession in the future, such skills will undoubtedly be a plus for you, but in the case of the USE essay in Russian, teachers believe that that introductory and concluding parts should total no more than a quarter of the entire text, and the main emphasis should be on the analysis of the proposed text.

In fact, this is not as difficult as it seems at first glance, which is easy to verify by reading the relevant USE textbooks and successful examples of completed assignments posted online. In the introduction, in fact, it is necessary to formulate the main postulates of the basic text (attention: not a brief retelling of it, but the translation of the plot) and state in a nutshell your attitude to this opinion.

In the main part, it is better to start with an argument why this problem is relevant, from your point of view. Here, on the basis of the text, you can explain why it was this idea of ​​the author that seemed key to you here, and give his position based on quotes. Then, in the main part, you need to smoothly move on to your own thoughts on this matter - you can both agree and dispute, it's up to you.

Your statements should also be given reasoned - based on scientific facts, life experience (both your own and third-party), give statistics or literary material. There should be two or more such explanations, but one of them must certainly be literary (pay attention in the process of studying the literature course to the parallels of all varieties between works).

With the conclusion, everything is simple at all - in fact, this is your weighty “yes!” or, conversely, “not yet!” on the topic (cunning people simply repeat the theses of the introduction, sifting them through the sieve of the arguments of the main part, just in other words).

To successfully write an essay, you must, firstly, read well in the process of preparing ready-made arguments and try to remember them (it will not be difficult to find such methodological materials), memorize common speech clichés and universal quotes on various topics.

The average score in the Russian language, compared to other subjects, is much higher - in recent years it has been steadily floating around the country in the region of 68-69. Obviously, it is quite realistic to pass this exam with due diligence in preparation, the main thing is to keep abreast of all changes and not overestimate your strengths. Well, our readers can only wish good luck in passing this most important exam, as they say, no fluff or feather!

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The article was written specifically for the site “2019 Year of the Pig”: https://website/