In Peru, timetables for all modes of transport are often not respected, so transfers by plane, planning trips by rail, etc. it is advisable to plan ahead of time.

Taxi. It is best to use a taxi to travel around the city. At the same time, you should be aware that traffic congestion is a big problem in the capital, especially during peak hours (from 7 to 11 in the morning and from 17 to 23 hours). There are quite a lot of taxis in cities and it is possible to choose transport in terms of convenience and adequate fare (meters are not used).
The price is negotiable, you need to agree on the fare before you get into a taxi, while it is customary to bargain. The minimum fare is 4–5 soles. A trip from the San Isidro and Miraflores areas to the airport will cost 35–70 soles (about $10–20).
For security reasons, it is recommended not to take the first taxi that comes across; when leaving the hotel at night, it is better to order a taxi by phone.

Metropolitan. Since the summer of 2011, one line (26 stations) of the modern surface metro has been operating in the metropolitan metropolis. The trains run on time, the fare is about $0.75. It should be taken into account that the interval between trains on weekdays is about 5-10 minutes, and on weekends from 15 to 20 minutes. During peak hours the trains are overcrowded.

City bus service. The cities are well developed, travel is cheap, but uncomfortable due to the large number of passengers and the deterioration of most buses.

Intercity bus service. It is the main mode of transport in Peru, the level of service and safety varies greatly depending on the carrier company. On the positive side, the transport company Cruz del Sur has proven itself (round-trip fares: Lima Ica from $15, Lima Arequipa from $55). Take into account the long duration of bus journeys, for example, the bus Lima - Arequipa takes about 18 hours.

Rail connection not developed in the country.
As a rule, tourists use only the Cusco-Aguas Calientes branch (direction to Machu Picchu). You can make an interesting trip along the route Lima - Huancayo (Huancayo), but the flights are extremely irregular and depend on the weather in the mountains. In addition, the railway connects the cities of Cusco, Puno (the famous lake Titicaca is located here) and Arequipa.

Air communication. The absolute market leader in Peru is LAN, which has proven itself in terms of reliability and provides not only the majority of passenger traffic in the country, but also offers quite a comfortable service.
The duration of flights around the country is not high, for example, a flight from Lima to Cusco lasts about 55 minutes.

Lunch at a mid-range restaurant. The city of Lima has a well-developed network of restaurants and cafes, but the quality of food in them is far from the same. In general, Peruvian cuisine is distinguished by a wide variety of dishes. The cost of lunch per person varies from 10 to 30 USD.

A room in a middle class hotel. There are few hotels of a suitable level and safe for Russian citizens to stay.
The cost of rooms in a middle-class hotel in Lima is from 50 to 100 US dollars per day.

Tips. For good service, it is customary to pay about 10% of the invoice amount (but not more than 10–20 US dollars). Doormen can be paid around 1–2 soles per bag.

Opening hours for grocery and convenience stores. Grocery stores are open from 08.00-09.00 to 21.00-22.00.
Manufactured goods work from 10.00-11.00 to 20.00-22.00.
There is usually no lunch break.

Availability of mobile communications. It is not distributed everywhere, but in cities and on the coast, as a rule, it is available. Communication standard GSM 850, 1900.
3G and 4G networks work.
Roaming is available to all subscribers of Russian telecom operators.
Cafes, restaurants and hotels usually have free Wi-Fi hotspots.

Internet cafe. There is an Internet cafe in every relatively large settlement (about $0.4 per hour).

Procedure for using a pay phone. You can call anywhere in the world from numerous payphones, in which payment is made by coins.
You can also make an international call from post offices and hotels. To call from Peru to Russia, you need to dial 007 and the area code with the subscriber's number.
When calling within Peru, dial 0 before the area code.
To make a call from Russia to Peru, you need to dial 8 beeps 10 - 51 (Peru code) - area code (Lima code - 1) - subscriber number.
Banking hours and distribution of credit cards. Banks usually work from Monday to Friday from 09.00 to 18.00, on Saturdays from 09.00 to 13.00-14.00.
Most international credit cards are accepted in hotels, restaurants and shops, including Visa, Master Card and American Express. The calculation is made at the bank rate, which is less favorable than in exchange offices.

Currency exchange. Banks, exchange offices, hotels and travel agencies are allowed to exchange travelers checks and cash. The most popular currency is the US dollar. There are no restrictions on currency exchange in Peru. American dollars are accepted in most hotels, restaurants, shops and supermarkets.
Visitors are advised to exchange money at banks as it is safer. Street changers are recommended to be avoided. A large number of counterfeit banknotes of local and American currency are in circulation in the country.

Electrical voltage in the network. Mains voltage - 220 V, 60 Hz. An adapter is required - an adapter for a vertically flat (American) connector.

Peru is located on the mainland of South America and the occupied territory of Peru is 1285220. The population of Peru is 29462000 people. The capital of Peru is located in the city of Lima. The form of government in Peru is the Republic. In Peru they speak: Spanish, Aymara, Quechua. Who borders Peru: Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile.
Many tourists call Peru the most interesting country in the world. Let's take a short tour of the country and get acquainted with the amazing monuments of the pre-European period.
The city of Lima - the modern capital of Peru - was founded by the Spanish conquerors in 1535. Located on the Pacific coast, it has repeatedly become the center of economic and political events. In the historic center of the city, which is under the protection of UNESCO, many picturesque mansions of the Spanish nobility have been preserved. It is worth looking at them to fully imagine the atmosphere of wealth and pretentiousness of that period. Take a walk around the city, look at its oldest building - a stone fountain of the 17th century, pray at the Cathedral of Santo Domingo, which houses the tomb of the city's founder Francisco Pizarro, admire the statue of San Martin, who declared the independence of Peru.
There are unique museums in Lima: the Inquisition, nations, gold, which are sure to be visited by inquisitive tourists.
Romantic-minded vacationers are waiting on the "street of lovers" Puente de los Suspiros, walking along which they will get to the "bridge of sighs" and an observation deck with a magnificent view of the ocean.
No less interesting are the surroundings of the capital. On the plateau of Marcahuasi you can get acquainted with the peculiarities of the culture of the Stone Age: there are megalithic sculptures and rock paintings, the authorship of which modern scientists can only guess. The religious center of the pre-Inca period - the place of worship of the Creator of the Earth - is located in Pachacamac. In the valley of Puruchuko and Cajamarquilla, there are mysterious structures of unknown purpose.
But special attention should be paid to the city of Cusco. Carved by the Incas in the mountains many centuries ago, it is a mute evidence of the power and greatness of this people. The architectural design of the city was based on the silhouette of the animal sacred to the Incas - puma, all buildings were built without the use of fastening solutions, and all houses are united by a system of watercourses. The ruins of the Palace of the Supreme Inca, built of granite, two statues of the Inca Pachacute towering on the mountain, the Palace of Justice, the churches of Gilles Triunfo and Santo Domingo - all this captivates tourists with its grandeur.
Not far from Cusco are the monumental complex Sacsayhuaman ("Grey stone-colored bird of prey"), which was the military and religious center of the Incas, the ruins of the city of Ollantaytambo, the quaint pyramid city of Ollantaytambo, the "Smoke Valley". After walking around Cusco, let's take a look at the famous Machu Picchu - the most mysterious evidence of the Inca culture. Situated on 33 thousand hectares on a flat mountain plateau in the Urubamba Valley, this sacred city poses a lot of mysteries to modern scientists. Try to solve them too, walking through the temples and palaces carved into the rocks, looking into the Temple of the Three Windows and the "Sacred Square", walking near the Gate of the Sun "Intihuatana" and the observatory.
Well, if you want to believe in something mystical, go on a helicopter ride over the famous Nazca desert, located in southern Peru. The entire area of ​​​​the desert (and this is about 500 sq. Km.) Is covered with huge drawings, which can only be seen from the air. The images of animals and people in strange clothes carved on the stone in one continuous line make you think about extraterrestrial civilizations.
We only dreamed about the most famous sights of Peru. If you go to this country, you can also see the alpine lake Titicaca and the real floating islands "uros", "the island of knitting men" Tikilu and Amantani Island with the temple of Mother Earth and Father Sky, the city of Puno, located at the bottom of the lake, and many others unique ancient monuments.
And believe me, you can't help but love Peru.

Coastal Desert - Costa, stretching in a narrow indented strip along the entire Peruvian coast (for 2270 km), is the northern extension of the Chilean Atacama Desert.
In the north, between the cities of Piura and Chiclayo, the desert occupies a wide lowland, the surface of which is occupied mainly by mobile sand dunes.

Further south, in the section from Chiclayo to Pisco, the steep slopes of the Andes rise to the ocean itself. Near Pisco, several merged alluvial fans form a narrow lowland of irregular shape, in some places partitioned off by mountain spurs.

Even further south, near the coast, a low mountain range rises, reaching about 900 m above sea level. To the east of it stretches a deeply dissected rocky surface, gradually rising to the foot of the Andes. Most of the Costa is so dry that of the 52 rivers flowing westward from the slopes of the Andes, only 10 carry their waters to the ocean. The coast is the economically most important region of Peru. The region's 40 oases produce most of the most important agricultural crops, including those for export. On the coast there are also a number of major cities - Lima, Callao, Chiclayo and Trujillo.

Andean Highlands - Sierra. The Peruvian Andes, reaching 320 km wide, occupy more than a third of the country's area; their peaks reach a height of 5500 m above sea level. Numerous mountain ranges stretch approximately from northwest to southeast.

Ten peaks rise above 6100 m, and the highest of them - Huascaran - reaches 6768 m. In the southern part there are volcanoes, the most famous of them is the Misti cone towering over the city of Arequipa (5822 m). The eastern slopes of the Andes, on which heavy rains fall, are dissected by deeply incised river valleys and form a chaotic heap of sharp ridges, alternating with canyons up to 3000 m deep; several large tributaries of the Amazon River originate here. This region of sharply and deeply dissected relief presents the greatest difficulty in crossing the Andes. Indians live here, using narrow strips of fertile land for crops on the bottoms of river valleys and in the lower parts of the slopes. On the border of Peru and Bolivia, at around 3812 m above sea level, there is an alpine lake Titicaca; this is the largest of the alpine lakes with an area of ​​8446 sq. km. km, 59% of its water area is located in Peru.

Selva includes the lower part of the eastern slopes of the Andes and the flat plains of the Amazon basin adjacent to them. This area occupies more than half of the total area of ​​the country. The plain is covered with dense and tall tropical rain forests, and the only means of communication here are the large rivers - Ucayali, the upper reaches of the Amazon, which bears the name Marañon here, and Napo.
The main economic center of the region is Iquitos, located on the river. Amazon; this is the highest point that river steamers with a draft of more than 4 m can reach.

Studying the world map, it is worth paying attention to one state. Its location, history and development are quite interesting. That is why we want to devote this article to the story of the Republic of Peru. To study its borders, population, system of government. And, of course, find out where Peru is located and what features of the relief it has.

Geographical position

Peru (official name - the Republic of Peru) is located on the western coast of the continent. Its area of ​​​​1,285,220 square kilometers allows it to occupy the third place in size between Divided into 25 departments, the capital since the time of the Incas is the city of Lima. In order to accurately answer the question of where Peru is located, you need to know its coordinates - this is 8 ° 48′00 ″ S. sh. 74°58′00″ W e. In the neighborhood with the state are countries such as Brazil, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia and Chile. From the west it is washed by Pacific waters.

Briefly about the main

Translated from the language of local aborigines, the name of the state means "river". The largest water streams are the Amazon and Marañon, and the largest lake is the world famous Titicaca. The highest point is Mount Huascaran (6,768 m). According to 2015 data, the population of the country is more than 31 million people, the capital - about 7 million inhabitants. Independence was proclaimed on July 28, 1821. The climate is mixed, signs of both equatorial and tropical appear on the territory of the Republic of Peru. South America, it is worth noting, is characterized by such features. In the equatorial zone there is only one season, a very large amount of precipitation, while in the tropical zone there are two seasons. The Amazon jungle has a particularly hot and humid climate.

Relief features

When you find out where Peru is located, the variety of relief immediately becomes clear. Most of the land along the Pacific coast is occupied by the Costa desert, a little to the east is the Andes mountain belt, and even further - the Amazonian selva with its evergreen tropical forests, which smoothly passes into the Montagna plain. Nature has given this country such pearls as the high mountain with its unique oceanic ichthyofauna and beautiful surroundings, with mysterious drawings (you can only see them from the air), Manu National Park - the most beautiful place in the Amazon, as well as many other objects that can boast of their beauty, as well as the uniqueness of flora and fauna.

Attractions

It is worth noting that many tourists who come to where Peru is located need time to adapt. However, those natural beauties that can be observed on the territory of the republic are worth some inconvenience. There are also numerous architectural monuments and the remains of antiquity, which this state with an amazing history is rich in. What are the sights of Lima and such buildings of the Inca times as Sacsayhuaman, Machu Picchu, Puca Pucara and others.