The Caucasian native cavalry division, which was called the "Wild Division" was formed on August 23, 1914 and was one of the parts of the Russian Imperial Army.
Many representatives of the Russian nobility served as officers in the division.
The division consisted of 90% Muslim volunteers, natives of the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia, who, like all native inhabitants of the Caucasus and Central Asia, were not subject to military conscription under the legislation of the Russian Empire.

The commander of the "Wild Division" during the First World War was Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich Romanov, the fourth son of Emperor Alexander III.

In accordance with the order of Emperor Nicholas II on the creation Caucasian native cavalry division on August 23, 1914, the division consisted of three brigades from six Caucasian native cavalry regiments (each in 4 squadrons). The division included the following military units:

The 1st brigade consisted of

Kabardian cavalry regiment (consisting of Kabardians and Balkars) .

In the photo, the cornet of the Kabardian regiment Misost Tasultanovich Kogolkin.

On the shoulder straps of the Kabardian regiment, "ciphers" with the letters "Kb" were embroidered.

Circassian horseman of the Kabardian regiment from the Nalchik Museum.

And the 2nd Dagestan Cavalry Regiment (consisting of Dagestanis).

Volunteer of the 2nd Dagestan Regiment.

On the shoulder straps of the Dagestan regiment, "ciphers" in the form of the letters "Dg" were embroidered.

The 2nd brigade consisted of

Tatar cavalry regiment (consisting of Azerbaijanis)

Colonel Alexander Andreevich Nemirovich-Danchenko.

Alexander Andreevich Nemirovich-Danchenko in the uniform of an officer of the Tatar regiment.
The "ciphers" on the shoulder straps of the Tatar regiment were embroidered with two letters "TT"

Count N.A. Bobrinsky in the form of an officer of the Tatar cavalry regiment with his brothers.

and the Chechen regiment (consisting of Chechens).

A photograph of the Chechen regiment has not yet been found.
On the shoulder straps of the Chechen regiment were embroidered "ciphers" of two letters "Chh"

Photo of a shoulder strap from a museum in Brussels.

3rd brigade consisted of

Circassian cavalry regiment (consisting of Circassians and Karachays)

The lower rank of the Circassian cavalry regiment

"Encryption" consisted of two letters "Chr".

And the Ingush cavalry regiment (consisting of the Ingush).

Officer of the Ingush regiment.

"The encryption on the shoulder straps was of two letters" Ying ".

Also, the Ossetian Foot Brigade and the 8th Don Cossack Artillery Battalion were also attached to the Division.
Photos of these units have not yet been found (((

By order of August 21, 1917, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, General L.G. Kornilov Caucasian native cavalry division was reorganized into Caucasian Native Cavalry Corps. For this purpose, the Dagestan and two Ossetian cavalry regiments were transferred to the division.

Ossetian cavalry regiment .

"Encryption" on shoulder straps of two letters "Os".

Officer of the Ossetian cavalry division (regiment) with friends.

"Encryption" - "Os".

Astemir Khan Agnaev.

Bravely fought on the fronts of the First World War "Wild Division".
Drawing of that time with a fragment of the battle.

Photos and drawing for the post were kindly provided by familiar collectors from Kyiv, Nalchik and Lyubertsy.
Many thanks to them for this!

In 2010, in Vladikavkaz, with a circulation of only 500 copies, Felix Kireev's book "Heroes and Feats" was published.
Read one of the chapters of this book about the Ossetians who served in the "Wild Division". Very interesting!

Website "OLD VLADIKAVKAZ"

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wild division

Posts per topic: 32

Maverick

Maverick

• City Saint-Petersburg

Caucasian Native Cavalry Division (Wild Division) In battle, in dance and on the way Tatars are always ahead, Dashing horsemen of Ganja and Horsemen of Borkhalin.

(from the song of the Parisian emigrants)

In 1914, a truly unique military formation was formed as part of the Russian army - the Caucasian native cavalry division, better known as the "Wild Division".
It was formed from Muslim volunteers, natives of the Caucasus and Transcaucasia, who, according to the Russian legislation of that time, were not subject to conscription for military service.

On July 26, 1914, when the fire of the First World War flared up in Europe, the adjutant general, commander-in-chief of the troops of the Caucasian Military District, Count Illarion Vorontsov-Dashkov, addressed the tsar through the Minister of War with a proposal to use the "belligerent Caucasian peoples" in order to form from them military units.
The emperor did not take long to wait, and the very next day, July 27, the highest permission followed to form the following military units from the natives of the Caucasus for the duration of hostilities:

• Tatar (Azerbaijani) - from Azerbaijanis (the formation point of the city of Elizavetpol (Ganja),
• Chechen cavalry regiment of Chechens and Ingush,
• Circassian - from Adyghes and Abkhazians, Kabardian - from Kabardians and Balkars,
• Ingush - from the Ingush,
• 2nd Dagestan - from Dagestanis
• Adjarian foot battalion.

According to the approved states, each cavalry regiment consisted of 22 officers, 3 military officials, 1 regimental mullah, 575 combatant lower ranks (riders) and 68 non-combatant lower ranks.

The regiments of the division were combined into three brigades.

• 1st brigade: Kabardian and 2nd Dagestan cavalry regiments - commander of the brigade, Major General Prince Dmitry Bagration.
• 2nd brigade: Chechen and Tatar regiments - commander Colonel Konstantin Khagandokov
• 3rd brigade: Ingush and Circassian regiments - commander Major General Prince Nikolai Vadbolsky.

The commander of the Caucasian native cavalry division was appointed the younger brother of the king, the retinue of his majesty, Major General Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich. Colonel Yakov Davidovich Yuzefovich, a Lithuanian Tatar of the Mohammedan faith, who served in the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, was appointed chief of staff of the division.

For obvious reasons, in this article we will pay more attention to the Tatar, as the Azerbaijanis were then called in Russia, or the Azerbaijani cavalry regiment.

Lieutenant Colonel Pyotr Polovtsev of the General Staff was appointed commander of the regiment. A native of Baku, lieutenant colonel Vsevolod Staroselsky and captain Shahverdi Khan Abulfat Khan Ziyatkhanov were appointed assistants to the regiment commander.
The Colonel of the 16th Tver Dragoon Regiment, Prince Feyzullah Mirza Qajar, was also seconded to the Tatar regiment.

At the beginning of August 1914, it was announced that volunteers were to be enrolled in regiments being formed. On August 5, the chief of staff of the Caucasian Military District, Lieutenant-General N. Yudenich, notified the Yelizavetpol Governor G.S. Kovalev about the highest permission to form native units. According to the information of the Yelizavetpol Governor, by August 27, "more than two thousand Muslim volunteers signed up for the Tatar regiment." Due to the fact that only 400 people were required, including one hundred Azerbaijanis, residents of the Borchali district of the Tiflis province, further recording was stopped.
The governor also handed over to the assistant to the commander-in-chief of the Caucasian army, infantry general A.Z. Myshlaevsky, the request of volunteers “to give the Tatar regiment being formed in Elizavetpol the banner bestowed by Emperor Nicholas I on the former Tatar regiment (the 1st Muslim Horse Regiment, formed during the Russian-Turkish war of 1828-1829), stored in the Shusha district administration.”

Despite the fact that Muslims had a full moral reason not to take any part in the “Russian” war: after all, only some 50 years have passed since the end of the Caucasian war, and many Caucasian warriors were grandchildren and, possibly, even sons of people from weapons in the hands of those who opposed the Russian troops, however, a Muslim division formed from volunteers came to the defense of Russia.
Perfectly aware of this, Nicholas II, during his stay in Tiflis in November 1914, addressed the deputation of Muslims with the following words:

“I express my heartfelt gratitude to all representatives of the Muslim population of the Tiflis and Elizavetpol provinces, who reacted so sincerely in the difficult times they are going through, as evidenced by the equipment of six cavalry regiments by the Muslim population of the Caucasus in the division, which, under the command of my brother, went to fight our common enemy. Please convey my heartfelt gratitude to the entire Muslim population for the love and devotion to Russia.”

By the beginning of September, the formation of the Tatar cavalry regiment was completed.
On September 10, 1914, in Yelizavetpol at 11 o'clock in the afternoon in the camp of the regiment, with a huge gathering of people, the chairman of the provincial Sunni Majlis Huseyn Efendi Efendiyev served a parting prayer service, and then at two o'clock in the afternoon in the Central Hotel of the city a dinner was given in honor of the regiment.
Soon the regiment set out for Armavir, defined as the assembly point for units of the Caucasian native cavalry division. In Armavir, the commander of the division, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich, got acquainted with the regiments.

At the end of September, the regiments of the division were transferred to Ukraine, where they continued to prepare for combat work. The Tatar cavalry regiment was stationed in the Zhmerinka region until the beginning of November. By the way, there the regiment received an unexpected replenishment in the person of a French citizen. From the attitude of the French consul in Baku to the Governor of Yelizavetpol on December 18, 1914:

“I have the honor to inform you that I have received a telegram with the date of October 26, n / g from the Zhmerinka station signed by Lieutenant Colonel Polovtsev, commander of the Tatar cavalry regiment, informing me that a French citizen, a reserve soldier, Karl Testenoire, entered the aforementioned regiment as a rider ... "

In early November, the Caucasian native cavalry division was included in the 2nd Cavalry Corps of Lieutenant General Hussein Khan of Nakhichevan.

On November 15, the transfer of parts of the division to Lvov began. On November 26, in Lvov, the corps commander Huseyn Khan Nakhichevansky reviewed the division. An eyewitness to this event was the journalist Count Ilya Lvovich Tolstoy, the son of Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy.

“The regiments passed in equestrian formation, in marching order,” Ilya Lvovich later wrote in his essay “Scarlet Hoods”, “one is more beautiful than the other, and the whole city admired and marveled at the hitherto unseen spectacle for a whole hour ... their warlike folk songs passed us on their pipes, elegant typical horsemen in beautiful Circassian coats, in brilliant gold and silver weapons, in bright scarlet hoods, on nervous, chiseled horses, flexible, swarthy, full of pride and national dignity, passed us.

Directly from the review, the regiments of the division advanced to the area southwest of the city of Sambir, where they occupied the combat area indicated by them on the banks of the Sana River.
Hard winter combat work began in the Carpathians. The division fought heavy battles near Polyanchik, Rybne, Verkhovyna-Bystra. Particularly heavy bloody battles were in December 1914 on Sana and in January 1915 in the Lomna Lutoviska area, where the division repelled the enemy’s attack on Przemysl.

"Snow in the Carpathians, everything is white all around. Ahead, along the ridges, in the snow trenches, the Austrian infantry lay down. Bullets whistle. They lie in heaps in chains, - the author of the essay notes, - All relatives. will endure, Abdullah will be wounded - Idris will incur. And they will endure, neither alive nor dead will be left ...
The regiment lined up for the march. Brownish-gray hundreds are standing in the reserve column, black cloaks are trimmed behind the saddles, motley khurjins hang on the thin sides of the horses, brown hats are shifted to the forehead. There is uncertainty and battle ahead, because the enemy is not far away. On a white horse, with a rifle over his shoulders, the columns of a mullah's regiment rode forward. The reins of the riders were thrown, the small, thin mountain horses lowered their heads, the riders lowered their heads, clasping their hands with their palms together. Mullah reads a prayer before the battle, a prayer for the Sovereign, for Russia. Silently listen to her gloomy faces. - Amen, - sweep through the rows with a sigh. - Amen, Allah, Allah! .. - there is again a prayerful sigh, exactly a sigh, not an exclamation. They put their palms to their foreheads, ran them over their faces, as if shaking off heavy thoughts, and took apart the reins ... Ready for battle. With Allah and for Allah."

In February 1915, the division carried out successful offensive operations.
So on February 15, the Chechen and Tatar regiments fought a fierce battle near the village of Brin. As a result of a stubborn battle, after hand-to-hand fights, the enemy was driven out of this settlement. The regiment commander, Lieutenant Colonel A. Polovtsev, was awarded the Order of St. George the Victorious, 4th degree.

Here is how Lieutenant Colonel Polovtsev himself regarded his award in a telegram to the Yelizavetpol Governor G. Kovalev:

“The Tatar regiment was the first of the Native Division to deserve the St. George Cross for its commander. Proud of the high award, I consider it an exceptionally flattering assessment of the high military qualities and selfless courage of the Tatar horsemen. I ask you to accept the expression of my deepest admiration for the unparalleled valor of the Muslim soldiers of the Elizavetpol province. Polovtsev.

In this battle, Colonel Prince Feyzullah Mirza Qajar, who was also awarded the Order of St. George the Victorious, 4th degree, especially distinguished himself. From the award presentation:

“On February 15, 1915, on his own initiative, having taken command of 4 hundreds of the Uman Cossack regiment, which had only one officer, he led them on a decisive offensive under strong rifle and machine-gun fire, twice returned the retreating Cossacks and, thanks to decisive actions, contributed to the occupation of the village of Brin” .

On February 17, 1915, Colonel Prince Feizulla Mirza Qajar was appointed commander of the Chechen Cavalry Regiment, replacing the commander of the regiment, Colonel A. Svyatopolk-Mirsky, who died in battle the day before.

On February 21, 1915, the division commander, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich, received an order from the commander of the 2nd Cavalry Corps, Lieutenant General Khan Nakhichevansky, to drive the enemy out of the town of Tlumach. To solve the task, the division commander moved forward the Tatar regiment, and then the Chechen regiment. As a result of a stubborn battle, Tlumach was occupied.

By the end of February, units of the 2nd Cavalry Corps had completed their combat mission in the Carpathian operation of the troops of the Southwestern Front. On July 16, 1915, in connection with the appointment of Colonel Khagandokov as acting chief of staff of the 2nd Cavalry Corps, the commander of the Chechen regiment, Colonel Prince Feyzullah Mirza Qajar, took command of the 2nd brigade "with the performance of direct duties in command of the regiment."

In July - August 1915, the Caucasian Cavalry Native Division fought hard battles on the left bank of the Dniester. Here again, Colonel Prince Feyzullah Mirza Qajar distinguished himself. From the order of the commander of the Caucasian native cavalry division:

“He (Prince Qajar - C.S.) especially showed high valor during the period of heavy fighting in the Vinyatyntsa region (August 12-15, 1915), when, commanding the 2nd brigade, which lost about 250 horsemen, he repulsed 5 fierce attacks of the Austrians” .

At the beginning of 1916 there were big changes in the command structure of the division. Major General (Lieutenant General from July 12, 1916) D.P. was appointed commander of the division. Bagration.
Appointed Chief of Staff of the 2nd Corps, Major General Ya.D. Yuzefovich as chief of staff of the division was replaced by the commander of the Tatar cavalry regiment, Colonel Polovtsev.
Major General S.A. was appointed commander of the 2nd brigade. Drobyazgin. Colonel of the Kabardian cavalry regiment, Prince Fyodor Nikolaevich (Tembot Zhankhotovich) Bekovich-Cherkassky was appointed commander of the Tatar cavalry regiment.

On May 31, 1916, Colonel Bekovich-Cherkassky, having received an order to drive the enemy out of the village of Tyshkivtsi, personally led three hundred Tatar regiments under heavy fire from the Austrians. As a result of the horse attack, the village was occupied. 171 Austrian soldiers and 6 officers were taken prisoner.
Half an hour later, the enemy, with the help of two infantry battalions, supported by artillery, made an attempt to return Tyshkivtsi. However, three hundreds of dismounted regiments, supported by a machine-gun platoon from a detachment of the Baltic Fleet, met the attacking enemy with dense fire. The enemy's attack stalled. Nevertheless, until the middle of the day, the Austrians tried several times to recapture Tyshkivtsi, but to no avail.
After some time, two hundred Chechens of Colonel Kadzhar, two guns of the horse-mountain division and a battalion of the Zaamur infantry regiment came to the rescue of the Tatar regiment. During the day, five enemy attacks were repulsed. In addition to 177 prisoners, the Austrians lost only 256 people killed.
For this battle, the commander of the Tatar cavalry regiment, Colonel Prince Bekovich-Cherkassky, was presented to the Order of St. George the Victorious 3rd degree.
Horseman Pasha Rustamov, a native of the village of Yukhara Aiyply, Yelizavetpol district, a native of the city of Shusha Khalil Bek Gasumov, and a volunteer Prince Idris Aga Qajar (brother of the commander of the Chechen regiment Feizulla Mirza Qajar) were awarded with St. George's Crosses of the 4th degree for an equestrian attack.

In the first ten days of June, the Tatar cavalry regiment, as part of the 2nd brigade of the division, fought in the west of Chernivtsi. Overcoming the stubborn resistance of the enemy, by mid-June the brigade reached the Cheremosh River, on the opposite bank of which the Austrians entrenched themselves. On June 15, the Chechen and Tatar regiments crossed the river under fierce enemy fire and, having captured the village of Rostock on the move, began to move forward with fighting to the north-west towards the Bukovina Carpathians in the direction of the city of Vorokhta in the upper reaches of the Prut River.
In these battles, from the soldiers of the Tatar regiment, the rider Kerim Kulu oglu, awarded the St. George Cross of the 4th degree, and the junior officer Alexander Kaytukov, awarded the St. George Cross of the 2nd degree, especially distinguished themselves.

On December 9, 1916, during the battle near the village of Vali-Salchi, the commander of the Chechen regiment, Colonel Prince Feizulla Mirza Qajar, was seriously wounded. He was sent to the divisional sanitary detachment, and then evacuated to Russia. Looking ahead, let's say that already on February 25, 1917, Colonel Kadzhar returned to duty and again led the Chechen cavalry regiment.

In March 1917, a number of division officers were awarded for bravery and military distinction on the Romanian front.
Among them were the cornet of the Tatar cavalry regiment Jamshid Khan Nakhichevan, awarded the Order of St. Stanislav of the 2nd degree with swords and the staff captain of the Kabardian cavalry regiment Kerim Khan Erivan, who received the Order of St. Anna 2nd class with swords.

On May 7, the commander of the Chechen cavalry regiment, Colonel Prince Feizulla Mirza Qajar, was promoted to major general for military distinctions, and on May 30 of the same year, he was appointed commander of the 2nd brigade.
On May 14, the commander of the Tatar cavalry regiment, Colonel Prince Bekovich-Cherkassky, was appointed commander of the 1st Guards Cuirassier Regiment. Colonel Prince Levan Luarsabovich Magalov was appointed commander of the Tatar cavalry regiment.
On May 22, the chief of staff of the division, Major General P.A. Polovtsev, was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Petrograd Military District.
From the telegram of P.A. Polovtsev to one of the initiators of the formation of the Tatar cavalry regiment Mamed Khan Ziyatkhanov:

“Having received permission from the Minister of War to keep the uniform of the Tatar cavalry regiment, I ask you to convey to the Muslim population of the Elizavetpol province and Borchaly district that I will proudly keep the memory of the valiant regiment gathered in their own environment, at the head of which I had the honor to be for a year and a half. By an endless series of exploits on the fields of Galicia and Romania, Muslims proved themselves to be worthy descendants of great ancestors and faithful sons of our great Motherland.
Commander-in-Chief of the Petrograd Military District, General Polovtsev.

During the summer offensive of the troops of the Southwestern Front, the Caucasian native cavalry division operated west of the city of Stanislavov. Thus, during June 29, the fighting on the Lomnica River continued to develop. The enemy counterattacked in the direction of the city of Kalush. On the morning of that day, Major-General Prince Feizulla Mirza Qajar, who had crossed the Lomnica near the village of Podkhorniki with his 2nd brigade the day before, was moving towards Kalush, where a fierce battle was going on. On the path of the brigade was the 466th Infantry Regiment, which was randomly retreating under pressure from the enemy. As was later noted in the order for the Caucasian native cavalry division, by decisive measures and “power of persuasion”, General Qajar brought “parts of the confused regiment into order, encouraged them and sent them back to the trenches,” and then continued to carry out his task.

On June 24, 1917, by a decree of the Provisional Government, it was allowed to award "soldier's" St. George's Crosses to officers "for feats of personal courage and valor."
In particular, by the decision of the St. George Duma, the Tatar cavalry regiment was awarded the St. George Cross of the 4th degree: the commander of the regiment, Colonel Prince Levan Magalov, Lieutenant Jamshid Khan Nakhichevansky, cornets Prince Khaitbey Shervashidze and Count Nikolai Bobrinsky.

In the most difficult conditions of the summer of 1917, when the front was broken through, and the Russian army was demoralized, and parts of it randomly left their positions, the Caucasian soldiers fought to the death. From the article "Faithful Sons of Russia" published in the newspaper "Morning of Russia":

“The Caucasian native division, all the same long-suffering “wild”, paying with their lives the trade and treacherous accounts of the Russian “fraternization” army, its freedom and its culture. "Wild" saved the Russian army in Romania; The “wild” ones overturned the Austrians with an unrestrained blow and, at the head of the Russian army, went through the whole of Bukovina and took Chernivtsi. The "wild" broke into Galich and drove the Austrians a week ago. And yesterday, again, the "wild" ones, saving the retreating meeting column, rushed forward and recaptured their positions, saved the situation. "Wild" foreigners - they will pay Russia with their blood for all that land, for all that will, which is demanded today by organized soldiers fleeing from the front to rear rallies.

During its combat activities, the division suffered heavy losses. Suffice it to say that in three years a total of more than seven thousand horsemen, natives of the Caucasus and Transcaucasia, passed through the service in the division. The regiments of the division were replenished several times with spare hundreds arriving from their places of formation. Despite this, Caucasians, fighting on all fronts: Austrian, German, Romanian, have always been distinguished by great courage and unshakable firmness.
In just one year, the division carried out 16 cavalry attacks - an unprecedented example in military history. The number of prisoners taken by the Caucasian native cavalry division during the war years was four times higher than its own strength. About 3,500 riders were awarded St. George's crosses and St. George's medals "For Courage", many became full St. George's Knights. All officers of the division were awarded military orders.

Numerous military awards were awarded to the soldiers of the Tatar cavalry regiment.
In addition to those already mentioned above, the following military awards were also awarded: Captain Shahverdi Khan Ziyatkhanov, Staff Captains Suleiman Bek Sultanov and Eksan Khan Nakhichevan, Staff Captain Jalal Bek Sultanov, Lieutenant Salim Bek Sultanov.
Non-commissioned officers and ordinary horsemen especially distinguished themselves: full St. George's Cavaliers, i.e. awarded with St. George's crosses of all four degrees were: a native of the village of Arablu, Zangezur district, Alibek Nabibekov, a native of the village of Agkeynek, Kazakh district, Sayad Zeynalov, Mehdi Ibragimov, Alekper Khadzhiev, Datso Daurov, Alexander Kaytukov. Osman Aga Gyulmamedov, a native of the village of Salakhly in the Kazakh district, was awarded three St. George's crosses and three St. George's medals.
Of particular note is Zeynal Bek Sadikhov, a native of the city of Shushi, who, having started his service as a non-commissioned officer in the intelligence team, earned three St. George's crosses and the St. George's medal, and after being promoted for military distinctions to officers was awarded four military orders.

At the end of August 1917 in Tiflis, a Muslim charity evening was held in favor of the crippled and the families of the dead soldiers of the Caucasian native cavalry division.
The newspaper "Kavkazsky Krai" wrote in this regard:

“Having visited the Muslim evening, we will give back only a tiny particle of that huge unrequited debt that lies on the whole of Russia, on all of us to the Caucasus and to the noble savage division that has been shedding its blood for Russia for three years now.”

Then, at the end of August, it was decided to reorganize the Caucasian native cavalry division into the Caucasian native cavalry corps.
For this purpose, the 1st Dagestan and two Ossetian cavalry regiments were transferred to the division. After the formation, the corps was to be sent to the Caucasus at the disposal of the commander of the Caucasian army. However, already on September 2, in connection with the “Kornilov affair”, by order of the Provisional Government, the commander of the Caucasian native cavalry corps, Lieutenant-General Prince Bagration, and the commander of the 1st Caucasian native cavalry division, Major-General Prince Gagarin, were relieved of their posts.
On the same day, by order of the Provisional Government, Lieutenant General P.A. Polovtsev was appointed commander of the Caucasian native cavalry corps. The 1st Caucasian native cavalry division was led by Major General Prince Feyzullah Mirza Qajar. General Polovtsev succeeded in getting Kerensky to carry out the previously accepted order to send the corps to the Caucasus.

At the end of September - beginning of October 1917, units and divisions of the corps were transferred to the Caucasus.
The headquarters of the corps was in Vladikavkaz, and the headquarters of the 1st Caucasian native cavalry division in Pyatigorsk.

After the October Revolution in Petrograd, the corps for some time retained, in general terms, its organization as a military unit. So, for example, back in October - November 1917, the corps commander, General Polovtsev, conducted regimental reviews. In particular, as was indicated in one of the orders to the corps, on October 26 in the Helenendorf colony, near Elizavetpol, he (General Polovtsev - Ch.S.) "watched the Tatar regiment." However, by January 1918, the Caucasian native cavalry corps ceased to exist.

For three years, the Caucasian native cavalry division was in the army on the Southwestern and Romanian fronts. With their selfless combat work, innumerable deeds and devotion to military duty, Caucasian warriors have earned well-deserved fame in the army and in Russia as a whole.

• Shynykhly and beybars like this.

Alex

Alex

St. George's crosses issued to the soldiers of the Wild Division are very rare and easily recognizable today. Instead of St. George, they depict a double-headed eagle. The cost of such a soldier's "George" reaches ten thousand dollars, I'm not even talking about officer's ....

Yes, I saw one on sale as "St. George's Cross for Gentiles." The price, however, was not interested. Is it really that expensive?

Alex

Alex

Good article. Only the data is a little outdated, because almost 15 years have passed. An article was published in 2002, when a luxury apartment in St. Petersburg cost 100 thousand dollars. And now the same apartment is already worth a million, and also in bucks. Accordingly, the prices of coins, orders and gold have changed very significantly since then. As an example, I will say that in 2002 I bought Nikolaev dozens for $100 each. And now - already 450. Something like this ...

It's amazing that the price of everything in dollars climbs up.

But the gold chervonets was recently sold with us for 26 thousand rubles.

Lot #3. 10 rubles 1902 (AR) Au .

XF state. .

The First World War, which began in July 1914, caused the appearance in the Imperial Russian cavalry of a new combat unit, moreover, of a territorial nature - the “Caucasian Native Cavalry Division”, which was called “Wild” in military use.

For three years, the Caucasian Cavalry Division, which won a truly legendary military glory, was in the army on the Southwestern and Romanian fronts. Her heroic deeds were well known in the Russian army and throughout the country. But then, after the October Revolution, for ideological reasons, the combat history of the division and its regiments, the exploits of horsemen and officers will be completely forgotten and deleted from the history of the peoples of the Caucasus.

And only in our time can we tell the truth about that World War I, which actually still remains little known to us, about the valor in the battles of the Caucasian regiments.

By the highest order

On August 23, the Highest Order of Nicholas II was announced on the creation of the “Caucasian Native Cavalry Division” from six cavalry regiments: Kabardian, 2nd Dagestan, Chechen, Tatar, Circassian and Ingush. At that time, the Caucasian cavalry (equestrian) division and five Caucasian Cossack divisions were already part of the Russian army. Therefore, when a new military unit was born exclusively from the highlanders of the Caucasus, it was decided to call it the "Caucasian Native Cavalry Division", which emphasized its exclusively local, Caucasian origin. After all, according to the dictionary of Vladimir Ivanovich Dahl, the word "native" means having "belonging to any country, land." So from the moment of the creation of the Kabardian Cavalry Regiment, the formation of a unique military unit of its kind - the Caucasian Cavalry Division - will take place. Cornet Alexei Arseniev will draw attention to the good relations that have developed here between officers of different

nationalities: “The tribal composition of officers in the regiments was mixed: for example, in Ingush, in addition to Russians and Ingush, there were many Georgians; in Kabardian there were Kabardians, and Ossetians, and Balkars, and Georgians. In the regimental officer environment, everyone was equal, and it could never have occurred to anyone to reckon with the nationality of another in any way - everyone was members of a single regimental family ... ".

The very fact of the formation of the "Caucasian Native Cavalry Division" from volunteers became a bright and significant event in the history of establishing new relations between Russia and the Caucasian highlanders. Indeed, by 1914, only fifty years had passed since the end of the long Caucasian war, which the Russian rulers waged in the Caucasus, conquering many of its peoples by force of arms. And the fact that now an entire mountain division, numbering about 3,500 horsemen and officers, was merging into the Russian army, of course, indicated that in the current historical situation, the mountaineers sincerely went to the front in order to protect Russia from the enemy, which had become for them a common Fatherland with other peoples.

Here is what a former officer of the Kabardian Cavalry Regiment, a lawyer by education, Aleksey Alekseevich Arseniev, wrote in connection with this in the essay “Caucasian Native Cavalry Division”: “Most of the highlanders of the glorious “Wild Division” were either grandchildren or even sons of former enemies of Russia. They went to war for her of their own free will, being forced by no one and nothing; in the history of the "Wild Division" there is not a single case of even a single desertion!

The exceptional attention of Emperor Nicholas II and the Supreme Commander-in-Chief Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolayevich to the new division of the Caucasian highlanders is evidenced by the fact that the younger brother of the Tsar, Major General of His Majesty's Retinue, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich, born on November 22, 1878, was appointed its commander at the same time, on August 23, 1878 of the year.

Both in Chechnya and Ingushetia, and in other districts of the Terek region, everyone who joined the ranks of the national regiments being formed in the summer of 1914 knew that they were going to serve in the army of His Imperial Majesty Tsar Nicholas II and, taking an oath of allegiance to the service of the Russian Fatherland , addressed to his name.

The formation of the Ingush Cavalry Regiment was announced on August 9, 1914. A significant role at the initial stage of the formation of the regiment before the arrival of its command staff belonged to the senior assistant to the head of the Nazran District, a native of Ingushetia, Lieutenant Colonel Edil-Sultan Beymurzaev. He himself personally traveled around the Ingush villages, talked with their residents at gatherings, and largely thanks to him, lists of volunteers were soon received by the district administration. The final decision on each of them was to be taken by the regimental commander and senior regimental officers. On September 11, in Vladikavkaz, where at that time the residence of the head of the Nazran District was located, Colonel Georgy Alekseevich Merchule arrived from St. Petersburg, appointed by the Highest Order as commander of the Ingush cavalry regiment.

"Change of the Gods" and a descendant of Murat

Abkhaz by nationality, he was born on December 6, 1864. According to the "Brief note on the service", he came "from the nobles of the Kutaisi province." “Merchule Georgiy (Pasha) Alekseevich from the village of Ilori, Kodorsky section of the Sukhumi department (Abkhazia), his father is an Abkhazian, a well-known teacher throughout the district,” writes Yezut Kichovich Gabelia in the book “Abkhazian horsemen”, published in Sukhumi in 1990.

In the early biography of Georgy Alekseevich Merchula, it is interesting that he studied at the Stavropol gymnasium at the Gorsky department (Gorsky boarding school), which gave a start in life to many highlanders of the North Caucasus, who became famous enlighteners. After Stavropol, his path lay in St. Petersburg, where he entered a military school. “I entered the service according to the certificate of the general department of the additional class of the Gorsky department of the Stavropol gymnasium dated June 16, 1884, No. 861 seconded to the Nikolaev Cavalry school on September 1, 1884,” is written in the “Note” about Merchula’s service. After graduating from the Nikolaev Cavalry School with the rank of cornet, Merchule is sent to the North Caucasus to the 45th (later 18th) Seversky Dragoon Regiment; many officers served here, who in 1914 were to get into the "Caucasian Native Cavalry Division". He served in this regiment for ten years, and on October 20, 1896, with the rank of staff captain, he was sent to the Cavalry Officer School to take a course. “He completed the course “successfully” and was expelled from school back to the regiment - September 24, 1898.”

From St. Petersburg, Georgy Alekseevich, taking advantage of the provided month's leave, went to his homeland, to Abkhazia, from where, at the end of October, he arrived in the Seversky Dragoon Regiment on the Caucasian Mineral Waters. But at the Cavalry Officer School, Merchul was remembered as an experienced rider, a skilled officer who could rightfully become a teacher at this prestigious military educational institution. And soon, on December 27, the Imperial Order followed on the enrollment of Staff Captain Merchule "into the permanent staff of the Cavalry Officer School." In the coming year of 1899, he arrived at the school and immediately received an appointment as assistant head of the “training riders course”, and from October 5 he became assistant head of the “training officers course in the officer department”. In January 1903, Merchule was promoted to captain.

On June 13, 1905, the head of the Officers' Cavalry School, Major General Alexei Alekseevich Brusilov, in the future a famous military leader of the period of the First World War, signed his petition and "A brief note on the service of Captain Merchule, who was a permanent member of the Officers' Cavalry School, submitted for renaming to lieutenant colonels" earlier served term "for distinction in service."

It is known that on January 1, 1910, Lieutenant Colonel Georgy Alekseevich Merchule already held the position of head of a department at the Officer Cavalry School. On April 18 of the same year, he received the rank of colonel. For distinction in service in peacetime, he was awarded the following orders: St. Stanislav 3rd and 2nd degree, St. Anna 3rd and 2nd degree.

And on September 11, 1914, Colonel Merchule became the commander of the Ingush cavalry regiment. Cornet Anatoly Lvovich Markov, who served under his command, in his memoirs “In the Ingush Cavalry Regiment”, published in the Parisian émigré magazine “Military Story” in 1957, writes about him: “Colonel Georgy Alekseevich Merchule, permanent officer of the Cavalry Officer School from the famous “shifts of the gods,” as the instructor officers of the School were called in the cavalry, received the regiment when it was formed and commanded it until it was disbanded ... He was a dry, short Abkhazian with a sharp beard “a la Henry the 4th”. Always quiet, calm, he made a great impression on us.”

In the same September, the fourteenth, the younger brother of Georgy Alekseevich, Dorisman Merchule, will enter the Ingush regiment as an ordinary rider, who in battle will earn two St. George's crosses and promotion to the rank of ensign.

As an experienced combat officer, staff captain Guda Alievich Gudiev, a native of Ingushetia, "the son of a cadet of the militia of the Terek region," who was appointed commander of the 1st hundred, came to the regiment. He was born on February 12, 1880. He received his general education at the Vladikavkaz Real School, and his military education at the Eliza Vetgrad Cavalry School, graduating from it in 1903. The cornet of the Ingush hundreds of the Terek-Kuban cavalry regiment Guda Gudiev entered the war with Japan. As stated in the “List of officer ranks of the Caucasian Native Cavalry Division”, he “was in battles, wounded and not shell-shocked. He has awards for the campaign of 1904-1905: St. Stanislav 3rd class. with swords and bow, St. Anna 4th st. with the inscription "For bravery", St. Anna 3rd class. with swords and bow, St. Stanislav 2nd class. with swords, St. Vladimir 4th class. with swords and a bow. Gudiev was promoted to the rank of staff captain on September 1, 1910.

From the Officers' Cavalry School, together with Colonel Merchule, he arrived to serve in the Ingush Cavalry Regiment and lieutenant colonel Vladimir Davidovich Abelov, "a hereditary nobleman of the Tiflis province", who became an assistant to the regimental commander.

A very colorful and bright personality in the Ingush regiment, and indeed in the entire division, was Colonel, French Prince Napoleon Murat, great-grandson of the famous Napoleonic marshal, King of Naples Joachim Murat, married to Napoleon Bonaparte's sister Caroline. And in connection with this relationship, the colonel of the Ingush regiment, Prince Murat, was the great-grandnephew of the Emperor of France.

How strange and inexplicable sometimes human destinies are formed! The great-grandfather of Prince Napoleon Murat, Marshal Joachim Murat, together with Napoleon Bonaparte, marched with the army in 1812 to conquer Russia. Their descendant, having connected his life with this country, became an officer of the Russian army and heroically fought against its opponents.

Back in 1904, Napoleon Murat voluntarily went to the Japanese war, showed courage in battles, was seriously wounded and returned from the Far East to St. Petersburg with six military orders.

After the war, Prince Murat served in the Life Guards Cavalry Regiment, then as a permanent member of the Cavalry Officer School, where, according to the well-known journalist and writer Nikolai Nikolaevich Breshko-Breshkovsky, who knew him well in pre-revolutionary Russia, he trained “from young lieutenants and staff captains the same centaurs as he was himself, a worthy great-grandson of the magnificent Joachim Murat. Later, having retired, he left for America, “but with the very first peals of the Great War, he rushed off to Russia and joined the ranks of the Wild Division.

Prince Murat again went to fight for Russia, and the fact that he voluntarily joined the Caucasian Cavalry Division was quite natural for him - after all, by his mother, the Georgian princess Dadiani, he had the most direct relation to the Caucasus ...

Riders with Dignity

The Caucasian division had a number of features. So, here the privates were called not “lower ranks”, as was customary in the Russian army, but “horsemen”.

Since the highlanders did not have an appeal to “you”, then the riders addressed their officers, generals and even the division commander, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich, to “you”, which in no way detracted from the importance and authority of the command staff in their eyes and in no way reflected in their observance of military discipline.

“Relations between officers and riders were very different from those in regular units,” recalled Anatoly Markov, officer of the Ingush regiment. “There was no servility to the officers among the highlanders, they always retained their own dignity and did not at all consider their officers as masters, especially as a superior race.” Aleksey Arseniev, officer of the Kabardian cavalry regiment, emphasizes this in the essay “Caucasian Native Cavalry Division”: “Relations between officers and riders were of a character completely different from relations in regular cavalry regiments, about which young officers were instructed by old ones. For example, a messenger riding behind an officer would sometimes begin to sing prayers or start conversations with him. In general, the way of life was patriarchal-family, based on mutual respect, which did not interfere with discipline at all; there was no swearing at all...

An officer who did not respect the customs and religious beliefs of the horsemen lost all authority in their eyes. These, however, were not in the division.

The following generalizations made by the Russian officer Arseniev about the highlanders - his comrades-in-arms in the Kabardian regiment and division are also very interesting: “In order to correctly understand the nature of the Wild Division, you need to have an idea of ​​the general character of the Caucasians who made it up.

It is said that the constant carrying of weapons ennobles a person. The highlander was armed from childhood: he did not part with a dagger and a saber, and many did not even with a revolver or an old pistol. A distinctive feature of his character was self-esteem and the complete absence of vulgarity. Above all, they valued courage and loyalty; he was a born warrior...”.

Aleksey Alekseevich Arseniev, speaking about the high discipline that existed in the division, emphasizes that, first of all, this was due to the fact that "every Muslim was brought up in a sense of respect for elders: this was supported by" adats "- mountain customs."

Nikolai Nikolaevich Breshko-Breshkovsky will write very vividly and expressively about the Caucasian Cavalry Division in his book-novel "The Wild Division", published in the early thirties by an emigrant publishing house in Riga. He repeatedly visited the front in the division and its regiments, knew many of its officers closely, and met with the horsemen.

At that time, the highlanders of the Caucasus and the “steppe” peoples of Turkestan, writes Breshko-Breshkovsky, “did not serve military service,” but with their love “for weapons and horses, fiery love, instilled from early childhood, with an oriental attraction to ranks, distinctions , promotions and awards, through volunteer recruitment, several wonderful cavalry divisions from the Muslims of the Caucasus and Turkestan could be created. It could have been, but they didn’t resort to it.”

"Why?" - Breshko-Breshkovsky raises the question and answers it himself: “If, out of fear, to arm and teach military science to several thousand foreign horsemen - in vain! It was always possible to rely more faithfully on Muslims than on the Christian peoples who had merged into the Russian kingdom. It is they, the Muslims, who would be a reliable support of power and the throne.

The revolutionary hard times gave a lot of clear evidence that the highlanders of the Caucasus were faithful to the end to their oath, sense of duty and military honor and valor ... ".

“Officers were urgently needed,” writes Breshko Breshkovsky, “and everyone who had retired or even retired before the war poured into the division. The main core, of course, is the cavalrymen, but, seduced by the exoticism, the beautiful Caucasian uniform, as well as the charming personality of the royal commander, artillerymen, infantrymen and even sailors, who came with a machine-gun team of sailors of the Baltic Fleet, went to this cavalry division ...

In general, the "Wild Division" combined the incompatible. Its officers shimmered like the colors of the rainbow with at least two dozen nationalities. There were Frenchmen - Prince Napoleon Murat and Colonel Bertrand; there were two Italian marquises, the Albizzi brothers. There was a Pole - Prince Stanislav Radziwill and there was a Persian prince Fazula-Mirza. And how many more representatives of the Russian nobility, Georgian, Armenian and mountain princes, as well as Finnish, Swedish and Baltic barons ...

And many officers in Circassians could see their names on the pages of the Gotha almanac.

The division was formed in the North Caucasus ... and in four months they trained it and sent it to the Austrian front. She was just moving westward, echelon after echelon, and the legend was already far ahead of these echelons. Rushed through wire fences and trenches. It rushed along the Hungarian plain to Budapest and Vienna... They said that a terrible cavalry appeared on the Russian front from somewhere in the depths of Asia...”.

Scarlet hoods

On November 26, the Caucasian Cavalry Division began a “passing advance” through Lvov in a southwestern direction towards the city of Sambir. On that day in the capital of Galicia, Lvov, Count Ilya Lvovich Tolstoy, the son of Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy, witnessed the procession of parts of the division through its streets. As a journalist and writer, he came to this city, just a month ago liberated by Russian troops from the Austrians. Ilya Lvovich will tell about his impressions and feelings caused by the Caucasian regiments he saw in the essay "Scarlet Hoods", published at the beginning of 1915 in the Moscow magazine "Press Day" and reprinted by the newspaper "Terskiye Vedomosti".

“My first acquaintance with the Caucasian Native Cavalry Division,” Tolstoy wrote, “was in Lvov, when the corps commander was reviewing it. It was in the very center of the city, opposite the best hotel, at 12 o'clock in the afternoon, when the streets were crowded with people, and when the life of the big city was in full swing. The regiments passed in equestrian formation, in marching order, one after another, one more beautiful than the other, and the whole city admired and marveled at the hitherto unseen spectacle for a whole hour... elegant typical riders passed in beautiful Circassian coats, in brilliant gold and silver weapons, in bright scarlet hoods, on nervous, chiseled horses, flexible, swarthy, full of pride and national dignity. Every face is a type; whatever expression - expression of one's own, personal; Whatever the look - power and courage ... ".

Admired by the Caucasian horsemen who volunteered to join the ranks of the Russian army, Ilya Lvovich also recalled the tragic pages in the history of relations between Russia and the Caucasus: “Many years ago these people fought hard with us, and now they have merged with Russia so much that they themselves voluntarily came here to in order to break the stubbornness of our now common, dangerous and strong enemy by common efforts.

Just as the Caucasus then fought and sacrificed everything for its independence, so now it has sent its best representatives to us in order to join us in defending the independence of not only our homeland, but thereby the whole of Europe from the destructive invasion of new barbarians. .. The entire composition of the division - free riders, armed with their weapons, sitting on their horses, voluntarily and consciously enlisted in the ranks of the troops ... ". Further, Ilya Lvovich Tolstoy says in the article that after he saw the horsemen and officers of the Caucasian regiments on the streets of Lvov, he was “drawn” to these “interesting, strong people”, and he managed to get acquainted with the officers and horsemen. “Since then, I spent a month and a half in close contact with these units and not only fell in love with their entire composition, from the highest to the last private, but also learned to deeply respect him. I saw people on the campaign, and in the parking lots, and in battles. They were called “wild” because they were wearing terrible furry hats, because they tied hoods on their heads like turbans, and because many of them ... are abreks, countrymen of the famous Zelimkhan ... ". “I lived for a whole month in a hut in the center of the “wild regiments,” said Tolstoy, “I was pointed out to people who in the Caucasus became famous for killing several people out of revenge, and what did I see? I saw these killers nursing and feeding the remains of their barbecue to other people's children; I saw how the shelves were removed from their camps, and how the inhabitants regretted their departure, thanked them for the fact that they not only paid, but also helped with their alms; I have seen them carry out the most difficult and complex military assignments; and I saw them in battle - disciplined, insanely brave and unshakable. I have a lot of impressions from this time, the most interesting, which I keep in my soul as valuable memories and as expensive psychological material. Unfortunately, several of my friends are no longer alive. Some fell while I was still there. I learned about the death of others recently, already here, in Moscow...”.

Ilya Lvovich, lovingly talking about the Caucasian Cavalry Division, in the conditions of the war could not name the names of the officers he knew, just as he could not say that in mid-December 1914 his brother, Ensign Mikhail Tolstoy, would be enlisted in the 2 th Dagestan regiment ...

How to become heroes

The documents of the regiments and headquarters of the Caucasian Cavalry Division brought to us the names of the heroes of the battles, a description of their exploits and the combat episodes associated with them throughout the war from 1914 to 1917. At that time, up to 7,000 horsemen, natives of the Caucasus, passed through the service in the division (the regiments, which suffered losses in battles and were reduced due to the deductions “completely from the service” of horsemen due to injuries and illnesses, were replenished four times with the arrival of spare hundreds from their places of formation). More than half of them were awarded St. George's Crosses and St. George medals "For Courage", and most of the officers were awarded orders. Unfortunately, it is simply unrealistic to tell about all the heroes of the Caucasian Cavalry Division - there are so many of them.

The Ingush cavalry regiment began fighting in the Carpathians near the village of Rybne. Later, in award submissions to his commander, Colonel Georgy Alekseevich Merchula, in the information “Awards for the current campaign”, the order of St. Vladimir of the 4th degree with swords and a bow, which he will be awarded according to the Highest Order of January 9, 1915 "for the battle near the village of Rybna on December 13, 1914."

Order of St. Vladimir 3rd class. with swords for battles in the Carpathians, the colonel of the Ingush regiment Prince Napoleon Murat will be awarded (he received the Order of St. Vladimir of the 4th degree during the Russo-Japanese War). Nikolay Nikolaevich Breshko-Breshkovsky told about one of the combat episodes in the front-line life of this amazing man in the book “Wild Division”: with a handful of his people, he was on such a steep slope - there was no way to climb up to him! Then Murat ordered to lower long, long ropes, and on these ropes his people pulled up machine guns. Of these, he opened such fire - the Austrians fled in a panic!

It is likely that it was for this feat that Napoleon Murat became a Knight of the Order of St. Vladimir of the 3rd degree, which was given to officers who were in the rank, starting from the colonel.

On February 15, 1915, the commander of the regiment, Georgy Alekseevich Merchule, presented Prince Murat to an even higher one on the hail and in his report to the commander of the 3rd brigade wrote: “I ask for your petition to award Prince Napoleon Murat for reconnaissance from January 2 to January 9 of this year. of the heights of Utrizhizhi Gorny with St. George's weapons.

But instead of the St. George's weapon, Murat was "declared the highest favor for distinction in battles."

“This officer, born for war, experienced a tragedy,” wrote Breshko-Breshkovsky, who met with him in the summer of 1915, about Prince Napoleon Murat. – His last trophies and exploits were literally the last. He's still strong, he can still bend coins, but he's slowly losing his legs. Peacetime gout and rheumatism of three wars make themselves felt, and, most importantly, winter battles in the Carpathians with their cold, when both of his legs were frostbitten.

In November 1915, when the health of Colonel Napoleon Murat worsened even more, he would be forced to part with his regiment and fellow soldiers and leave the Southwestern Front for Tiflis to be "seconded to the disposal of the Commander-in-Chief of the Caucasian Army."

Cornet Alexander Nikolaevich Baranov, a hereditary nobleman, from the graduates of the Corps of Pages, a participant in the campaign to China in 1900-1901 and the Russian-Japanese war that soon followed, served as adjutant of the Ingush cavalry regiment, marked by military awards. He came to the Caucasian Cavalry Division from the reserve. The writer Breshko-Breshkovsky, who knew him well, in his book “The Wild Division” will say about him: “Baranov, the only Russian in the Ingush regiment ... could flawlessly wear a Caucasian uniform. His thin waist was made for a Circassian coat, and in it, being of average height, he seemed much taller.

Cornet Alexander Nikolaevich Baranov fought bravely. As can be seen from the documents, already in December and January, he earned two orders: St. Anna of the 3rd degree with swords and a bow - "for the battle near the village of Polyanchiki on December 11, 1914" and St. Vladimir 4th degree with swords and a bow - "for the battle near the villages of Krivka, Tsu-Krivka on January 23–24, 1915."

And for the valor shown by cornet Baranov on December 13, 1914 near the Carpathian village of Rybne, the regiment commander, Colonel Merchule, will present him for the award of the St. George weapon. The award presentation reveals to us the details of the battle that the Ingush and Circassian regiments fought that day: strong and real fire to our chains, the adjutant of the Ingush cavalry regiment cornet Baranov on horseback, taking a machine gun in the strap, under machine-gun fire, galloped it to the line of chains, and then in the same way took out another machine gun and, in addition, brought cartridges to them twice. Repeatedly exposing his life to obvious danger by this valiant, selfless activity, Cornet Baranov not only gave our chains the opportunity to quickly move forward, but also fend off the enemy’s enveloping of our flank that had begun to emerge and, thus, contributed to the achievement of the goal set by the entire brigade. Being personally a witness to the described feat of the cornet Baranov, I petition for the award of this chief officer with the St. George weapon. Cornet Baranov’s reward “for the battle near the village of Rybna on December 13, 1914” will be the Highest favor declared to him.

And, as it were, the result of the combat activities of the Caucasian Cavalry Division in the Carpathian operation will be the awarding of the Order of St. George of the 4th degree of her commander, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich. He was awarded for the fact that, commanding a detachment, consisting of parts of a division and attached infantry regiments, “during the January battles for possession of passes in the Carpathians, exposing his life to obvious danger and being under enemy shrapnel fire, he inspired and inspired with an example of personal courage and courage encouraged the troops of his detachment, and withstood from January 14 to 25 the onslaught of superior enemy forces in a very important direction - to Lomna - Staroe Mesto, and then, when going on the offensive, actively contributed to its successful development.

Particularly distinguished in the battle for Tsu-Babino, the 4th hundred of the Ingush regiment under the command of staff captain Prince Mikhail Georgievich Khimshiev, a participant in the Russo-Japanese War, who graduated from the Nikolaev Cavalry School in 1901, in which he took a course in the same squadron together with Abdul - Medzhid Chermoev. About courage as the commander himself, awarded the Order of St. George of the 4th degree, and his Ingush riders are told by the award presentation drawn up on Khimshiev by Colonel Merchul: Tsu-Babino, broke into the village and exterminated a company of infantry in hand-to-hand combat, thereby assisting in the capture of the village of Tsu-Babino.

There are many such examples

Cavaliers of the most honorable combat award of the Russian officers - the Order of St. George 4th degree - became in the "Wild Division" "Ingush: Major General Bekbuzarov Soslanbek Sosarkievich, Colonel Dolgiev Kasym Gayrievich, Lieutenant Bogatyrev Hadzhi-Murat Kerimovich.

S. Bekbuzarov went from a simple soldier to a general, commander of a large military unit. For personal bravery and military distinctions shown in the battles against the Germans, in the summer of 1916, Colonel Bekbuzarov was awarded the golden St. George weapon with the inscription "For Courage". Later, S. Bekbuzarov was awarded the Order of St. George of the 4th degree and many military orders.

Colonel K. Dolgiev was one of the first Ingush artillery officers. From the Award List of Lieutenant Colonel K. Dolgiev: “In May 1915, commanding the 6th battery of the 21st artillery brigade, with skillful and coordinated actions, he prevented the defeat of the 81st Apsheron Infantry Regiment by the Austro-German units and contributed to the occupation of strategic positions by the Russian troops. "Bruises".

Lieutenant Bogatyrev Khadzhi-Murat Kerimovich in the battle on June 25, 1917, “when breaking through the enemy’s fortified position, commanding a company, a personal example of his usual selfless courage, dragging soldiers under the strongest artillery, machine-gun and rifle fire, captured six lines of the enemy’s fortified trenches, broke into artillery enemy positions and captured a firing battery of 4 guns. He pursued the enemy, taking prisoners and trophies. When the enemy launched a counterattack, and our soldiers faltered, Lieutenant Bogatyrev, with a strong speech for the Tsar and the Fatherland, kept his company in place, which stopped the others. The enemy was pushed back. Rushing to pursue the enemy, Lieutenant Bogatyrev was shot in the head with a bullet. The Order of St. George of the 4th degree, which was posthumously awarded to Khadzhi-Murat Kerimovich Bogatyrev, was sent by urgent courier to the Terek region with an order “to the head of the region for transfer with appropriate military honors to the well-behaved and respected parents of Lieutenant Kh.-M. Bogatyrev.

Ten Ingush became holders of the golden St. George weapon "For Courage": Lieutenant Bazorkin Krym-Sultan Banu Khoevich, Staff Captain Bazorkin Nikolai (Murat) Aleksan Drovich, Major General Bekbuzarov Soslanbek Sosarkievich, Captain Bek-Borov Sultanbek Zaurbekovich, Lieutenant Guliyev Elmurza (Mirza ) Dudarovich, Staff Captain Doltmurziev Sultan-Bek Denievich, Colonel Kotiev Aslanbek Baitievich, Lieutenant Mamatiev Aslanbek Galmievich, Major General Nalgiev Elbert Asmarzievich, Major General Ukurov Tont Nauruzovich.

From the award list signed by Merchule: “Cornet Bazorkin, sent on February 22, 1915 with a trip to the villages. Ezerany and further, until contact with the enemy and finding the outskirts of the village occupied by the Austrian infantry, attacked it in cavalry formation, drove it out of Ezerany, captured seven people, occupied the opposite edge of the village and, remaining in contact with the superior cavalry units of the enemy, for two days gave accurate and correct information about his forces and maneuvering .... ". On the margins of the award list, a note was made with his own hand: “I intercede. Commander of the "Caucasian Native Cavalry Division" of His Majesty's retinue, Major General Grand Duke MIKHAIL (signature).

Lieutenant Krym-Sultan Banukhoevich Bazorkin died on July 15, 1916 in a battle near the village of Ezerzhany (Austrian Galicia), commanding a hundred. He was awarded the golden St. George's weapon (posthumously).

Staff Captain Nikolai (Murat) Alexandrovich Bazorkin was also awarded the golden St. George weapon "For Courage" by the Highest Order for military distinctions and personal courage.

Captain Sultanbek Zaurbekovich Bek-Borov was transferred as the commander of the 3rd hundred of the Ingush cavalry regiment of the "Wild Division" in 1915. For bravery and courage shown in the battle near the village of Yezerzhany, he was posthumously presented to the Order of St. George 4th degree. He was a recipient of many other awards for the Russian Imperial Army.

Guliyev Elmurza (Mirza) Dudarovich went through the entire war as part of the Ingush cavalry regiment of the "Wild Division". As a volunteer, he joined the regiment with the rank of ensign. He rose to the rank of lieutenant, became a gentleman of St. George's weapons. An award list testifies to his feat: “In the battle on February 15, 1915, near the village of Tsu-Babino, commanding a platoon in equestrian ranks, under heavy enemy fire, he swam the Lomnitsa River, broke through the enemy’s trenches and went to his rear, thanks to which he promoted in the ranks the enemy panicked and forced to flee, having suffered heavy losses; hastening the platoon, continued to pursue the enemy, thereby contributing to the successful operation of the regiment.

The cavalier of the St. George weapon "For Courage", along with other orders, was a brilliant and glorious military man - Colonel Kotiev Aslanbek Baitievich. It was he who in May 1917, by order of the Commander-in-Chief, was appointed commander of the Ingush cavalry regiment of the "Caucasian Native Cavalry Division", replacing Colonel G. Merchule in this position. Participant of the Kornilov performance.

By the highest decree of March 9, 1915, Ukurov Tont Nauruzovich was awarded the golden St. George weapon for military distinctions and personal courage, who was seriously wounded in a battle with the Austrians near the village of Zaberzhe on August 26, 1915 and, upon his retirement, was promoted by the highest order (ahead of schedule) to major general.

World fame

The military affairs of the Caucasian Cavalry Division, the courage of its horsemen and officers were known throughout the Southwestern Front, where the Caucasian regiments fought, in Russia and their native Caucasus.

On April 16, 1915, the daily literary and political newspaper "Kavkaz", published in Tiflis, published an essay "Caucasians", reprinted from the pages of one of the central Russian newspapers, prefixing it with introductory words: "New time" published a detailed and

a very interesting description of the combat work of the Caucasian Muslim division that worked on the Western Front. An unknown correspondent, who visited the front in the Caucasian Cavalry Division, very colorfully and expressively, with a feeling of sincere admiration, spoke about the heroes of the Caucasus and specifically about the two military operations they carried out in February - to take the “village of Ts.” - Tsu-Babino and the "city of S." - Stanislavov.

“The affairs of the Caucasian division are on everyone’s lips,” we read in the essay “Caucasians”. - The division has been working in uninterrupted battles and skirmishes since mid-January, and each of its performances as a whole or individual regiments is a continuous heroic feat, a manifestation of the highest courage.

The appearance of "people in hats" near the enemy immediately produces the proper effect. Exceptional defensive measures are immediately taken, positions are fortified, guns are brought up and thousands of people are advanced against hundreds. But all this in most cases does not work. One or two insanely bold onslaughts of the highlanders are enough, and the Austrians abandon their positions, guns, the wounded and flee ... ".

Further, the correspondent of the Novoe Vremya newspaper, in confirmation of his words, talks about the “last combat episodes” from the front-line life of the division, heading the first of them as “Battle near Ts.”, where the Ingush and Circassian regiments fought on February 15, and where hundreds of "occupied a strongly fortified position at the village of Ts." - Tsu-Babino.

“On the eve of the attack, reconnaissance made it clear that the village was occupied by two full battalions of infantry with eight guns and six machine guns, and in front of the village, on the upper slope of the mountain, strong trenches were made, protected by wire barriers. It was almost impossible to take this strong upland position, dominating the surrounding area, in horseback formation. Therefore, we decided to attack on foot in loose formation in the most vulnerable place - the left outskirts of Ts.

The winter day of February 15, as the author of the essay writes, turned out to be extremely clear and sunny. In the morning, hundreds in full combat readiness moved forward and began to cross the lava “through the first river” (there were three rivers in total). The crossing over the first river was "successful". But already when crossing the second enemy, the enemy opened fire on hundreds, and as a result, “the crossing over the last river” (it was the Lomnica River) was especially difficult: at that time, “the fire of guns, machine guns and rifles reached its highest intensity. Shrapnel exploded over their heads, bullets flew, the horses became nervous. However, even here the order to retreat was not followed.

The Lomnica River was crossed, and here on its right bank, under heavy enemy fire, “the most difficult moment came - dismounting. People got excited, the horses, frightened by the cannonade, hardly obeyed the riders. But the order of the regimental and hundred commanders was carried out, and the first chains of dismounted horsemen of the Ingush and Cherkess regiments rushed forward, to the village of Tsu-Babino, “over the hill, dragging the rest of the mass with them. With a cry of "God! Alla!”, drowning out the cannonade at times, hundreds jumped over the hills and rushed to the steep, met by volleys and, going, as it seemed, to certain death. It was no longer possible to hold people back.”

“With incredible speed,” we read in the essay, the dismounted hundreds ended up at the “wire barriers, broke through them, the following riders jumped over the fallen ones, and finally reached the trenches. We slipped through them and broke into the Ts. - Tsu Babino. The Austrians faltered and rushed about in panic, continuing to resist. Meanwhile, a heated battle was going on in the village itself. “The highlanders worked with daggers and rifles, hunted the fleeing enemy, dragged those who remained in the trenches and knocked the Austrians out of their houses.”

Unable to withstand the onslaught of hundreds of Ingush and Circassian regiments, the Austrians retreated in panic from Tsu-Babino. “After half an hour, the battlefield presented the following picture: the Austrians were finally defeated, the dead and wounded lay everywhere,” the author of the essay testified. - Some of those killed were not counted as 370 people, and 130 of them turned out to have fatal dagger wounds ...

For this deed, the most distinguished received the St. George Crosses, and gratitude was expressed to hundreds on behalf of the high command.

Many other exploits of the warriors of the "Wild Division" have been preserved in history. For example, the crossing of the Dniester by a Chechen half a hundred, which immediately occupied a bridgehead, while capturing 250 Austrians and Hungarians. This bridgehead would later play an important role during the famous Brusilov breakthrough, and the entire fifty would then be awarded the St. George Crosses by the Emperor.

The heroic deed of the Ingush Regiment, which has become a legend, is especially vividly described when it attacked the famous Iron Division of the Kaiser, which terrified the troops of the British and French. In this battle, which took place on July 15, 1916, three thousand German bayonets, machine guns and heavy artillery opposed 500 sabers of the Caucasian highlanders. But, despite such superiority of the enemy, the Ingush rushed into a frontal attack, and after an hour and a half, the pride of the Kaiser's army ceased to exist.

Here is what Merchule reported in his telegram: “I and the officers of the Ingush regiment are proud and happy to inform Your Excellency and ask you to convey to the valiant Ingush people about the dashing horse attack on July 15th. Like a mountain collapse, the Ingush fell upon the Germans and crushed them in a formidable battle, littering the battlefield with the bodies of their dead enemies, taking with them many prisoners, taking two heavy guns and a lot of military booty. Glorious riders of the Ingush will now meet the Bayram holiday, joyfully remembering the day of his heroic deed, which will forever remain in the annals of the people who sent their best sons to defend the common Motherland.

“Eternal memory to the brave horsemen,” wrote Lieutenant-General Prince Dmitry Bagration in his order to the division.

"Dzhigit" George

The essay “Caucasians” ended with the words that “there are already many brave men in the division who were awarded by George. The highlanders call George "Dzhigit" and revere him very much ... ".

Indeed, St. George the Victorious, the patron saint of Russian soldiers, whose image was placed on the front side of the St. George Cross - he sat on a horse and struck a dragon with a spear, symbolizing the enemy - among the highlanders of the Caucasus was associated with a dzhigit who did not know fear, which, in essence, he was every rider of the Caucasian Cavalry Division.

“Combat awards by riders were very much appreciated,” Aleksey Arseniev will say in his essay “Caucasian Native Cavalry Division,” but, accepting the cross, they insistently demanded that it be - not “with birds”, but with “Dzhigit”; crosses for the Gentiles of the Imperial Army were minted with a double-headed eagle, and not with George the Victorious.

It should be noted that since 1844 in Russia, the Highest Order established that orders for officers, as well as insignia of the military order - St. George's crosses for the lower ranks - those who professed Islam ("Mohammedanism"), were not issued with images of saints, in whose honor awards were established, and with the state emblem - a double-headed eagle. Such awards were referred to as "established for non-Christians."

“There were cases when the Caucasian Muslim horsemen even refused to accept the St. George Crosses, on which instead of St. George, the state emblem was embossed, as at the beginning of the war it was done for people of non-Christian faith, - Anatoly Markov, a former cornet of the Ingush regiment, writes in his memoirs “In the Ingush cavalry regiment”. “Fortunately, the government soon abolished this rule, and all the Knights of St. George began to be awarded the same insignia of the military order for everyone.”

A vivid illustration of the story about the Caucasian Cavalry Division is the information from the article of the official of the Main Directorate of Posts and Telegraphs M.M. front”, placed in one of the central Russian publications and reprinted by the newspaper “Terskiye Vedomosti”. “... They go to the enemy only with their heads held high,” M. M. Spiridonov wrote about the “horsemen at the front,” and at first there was no way to make them crawl to the enemy trenches during the offensive. “The rider cannot crawl,” they say, and “openly” go under machine-gun fire, often rush at him in horseback formation ... When recently the division commander needed to send 15 people to Tiflis on business for a few days, and he called the hunters to go, - the division answered with deathly silence: no one wanted to leave the front. They cast lots, and those on whom it fell were supposed to leave the next day, but ... in the morning they were not. The comrades only laughed and said: "They will come when the others leave." They simply disappeared so as not to go from the front, and really reappeared when they were replaced by others ...

A beautiful and touchingly original rite, which accompanies the attack of horsemen against the enemy. The regiment has already formed up for the attack and is standing ready to rush forward at any moment. Suddenly, one of the riders appears in front of the front and, on behalf of the regiment, asks the standard-bearer to stay. The last, a gray-haired old man, sticks a bunchuk shaft into the ground, and he himself freezes at its foot with prayerfully folded hands and eyes directed to the sky. All this is a matter of a few seconds. The regiment has already rushed to the attack, has already crushed the ranks of the enemies and crashed into their midst, and the standard-bearer prays until the regiment returns with a victory. And when the division commander then proceeded to distribute military awards, the regiment turned to him with a request to give the St. George Cross to the standard-bearer: his courage was undoubted for the regiment, and his prayer helped to break the enemy.

And in the Ingush regiment, after the victorious battle for the village of Ezerany, a song was born. Captain Valerian Yakovlevich Ivchenko (Svetlov), who was the editor of the Niva magazine, undoubtedly contributed to its creation. This song, which became a regimental one, is still remembered in Ingushetia. Here is the first verse of the song as it was performed by the Ingush horsemen and as people remember it:

We don't know fear

Not afraid of bullets

We are under attack

Harabry Merchuli!

Our guns were beaten off

For the sake of the soul.

All Russia knows

Dzhigiti Ingush!

The following verses of the song sound like this:

The word of power called us

From the mountains, dashing riders.

Close friendship bound

We, Caucasians, are remote.

snow-white peaks

Mountains of the Caucasus, hello to you!

I don't know, giants

Will I see you or not...

Tomorrow early at dawn

The regiment will be led on the attack,

And maybe after the fight

They will carry us on cloaks ...

Loyalty to the Fatherland

One of the most widely read and well-known publications in pre-revolutionary Russia was the weekly magazine Niva, published in St. Petersburg (since the summer of 1914 - Petrograd). During the war years, many materials about front-line everyday life and war heroes were published on its pages.

The essays of the magazine's war correspondent Nikolai Breshko-Breshkovsky, who often traveled to the front, were especially striking, drawing the attention of Niva readers. He repeatedly visited the Caucasian Cavalry Division, knew many of its officers well. “Born warriors,” he wrote about Caucasians. - The martial field with all the bloody experiences is their native element. Immeasurable courage and the same endurance. “To match the legendary Caucasians,” we read further in the essay, “and their valiant leader, His Imperial Highness Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich... his leader. And when the Grand Duke appears in front of hundreds of them, the swarthy, hook-nosed faces somehow brighten up suddenly under shaggy hats that terrify the enemy. Among themselves, they affectionately call the Grand Duke “our Mikhail”... The Grand Duke knows all his officers by name, including ensigns.”

The Grand Duke was worthy of his warriors. On March 17, 1916, order No. 100 of the “Caucasian Native Cavalry Division” was announced to horsemen and officers, which cited “the order of the August former division commander” Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich: “By the highest order on February 4 of this year, I was appointed commander of the 2nd cavalry body. A year and a half ago, by the will of the Sovereign Emperor, I was placed at the head of the "Caucasian Native Cavalry Division", commanding which I earned the Order of St. George of the 4th degree, St. George's weapons and the Order of St. Vladimir of the 3rd degree with swords and with which he is now connected by inseparable ties of joint military service to the Tsar and the Motherland in the days of war.

With deep emotion and heartfelt gratitude, I recall the heroic service of all the ranks of the division, from the general to the last horseman and soldier, during the time that has elapsed since then.

I remember the first days of heavy winter fighting in the Carpathians ... brilliant military operations in the spring on the Dniester and Prut rivers ... a series of battles in July, August and autumn 1915 pass in my memory ... near Shuparka, Novoselka-Kostyukov, in the region of Dobropolye and Hayvoronka, crowned with brilliant equestrian deeds, which constitute one of the best pages in the history of our cavalry ... ".

Speaking about how highly the military merits of the division on the battlefields from December 1914 to March 1916 were appreciated by the command and by Emperor Nicholas II himself, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich in his order will indicate: “During this time, the ranks of the division were awarded: 16 officers - the Order of St. George, including the valiant commander of the Chechen cavalry regiment, Colonel Svyatopolk Mirsky, who died a heroic death - of the Order of St. George 3rd degree; 18 officers - St. George's weapons; 3744 horsemen and lower ranks with St. George crosses and 2344 horsemen and lower ranks with St. George medals. I attribute the highest insignia granted to me entirely to the valiant work of the division.

Remembering the officers and horsemen who fell and wounded in battles and paying tribute to the memory of the dead, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich will say: “The figures of the division’s losses testify to the selfless combat work of the division: during this time, 23 officers, 260 horsemen and lower soldiers were killed and died from wounds. ranks, 144 officers, 1438 horsemen and lower ranks were wounded and shell-shocked.

Eternal memory to the heroes who, by their death in battle, captured the great feat of serving the Tsar and the Motherland!

Innumerable are all the individual exploits of the Caucasian heroes, representatives of the valiant peoples of the Caucasus, who through their selfless service showed unshakable loyalty to the Tsar and the common Motherland and immortalized with unfading glory the young Caucasian regiments, now hardened in bloody battles.

May the glory of them be sung in the villages of the native Caucasus, may the memory of them live forever in the hearts of the people, may their servants be written for posterity in golden letters on the pages of History. Until the end of My days, I will be proud that I was the head of the mountain eagles of the Caucasus, from now on so close to my heart ...

Once again, I thank you all, my dear combat comrades-in-arms, for your honest service...”.

In March 1770, in the town of Barta Bose, the Ingush foremen took the Oath and became part of Russia. From that day on, they took part in all the wars waged by Russia, while showing heroism and military prowess. Both the Ingush regiments as a whole and their individual representatives were awarded the highest military awards in Russia. Suffice it to say that the small Ingush people gave Russia six generals, hundreds of Knights of St. George, including those awarded four "George". In just three years of existence of the Ingush Regiment of the Wild Division, covered with military glory, according to the surviving documents, the following became full Knights of St. George:

• Archakov Archak Gakievich, Ensign of the Russian Imperial Army
• Bek-Borov Zaurbek Temurkovich, Staff Captain of the Russian Imperial Army
• Bekmurziev Beksultan Isievich, Cornet of the Russian Imperial Army
• Gagiev Beta (Bota) Ekievich, cadet of the Russian Imperial Army
• Dakhkilgov Magomed-Sultan Elberd-Khadzhievich,
• Dzagiev Esaki Sultanovich,Ensign of the Russian Imperial Army
• Doltmurziev Sultan-Bek Denievich,Lieutenant of the Russian Imperial Army
• Kartoev Khasbot Tsozgovich, senior sergeant of the Russian Imperial Army
• Kyiv Usman Miti-Khadzhievich,Junker of the Russian Imperial Army
• Kostoev Hussein (Husein) Khasbotovich, sergeant major of the Russian Imperial Army
• Malsagov Akhmet Artaganovich, sergeant major of the Russian Imperial Army
• Malsagov Ismail Gairbekovich, Ensign of the Russian Imperial Army
• Malsagov Marzabek Saralievich, Ensign of the Russian Imperial Army
• Malsagov Murad Elburzovich, Ensign of the Russian Imperial Army
• Malsagov Musa Khadzhukoevich, Ensign of the Russian Imperial Army
• Mamatiev Aslanbek Galmievich, second lieutenant of the Russian Imperial Army
• Marshani Beslan Katsievich, Lieutenant of the Russian Imperial Army
• Mestoev Khadzhi-Murad Zaurbekovich, Ensign of the Russian Imperial Army
• Ozdoev Akhmed Idigovich, Ensign of the Russian Imperial Army
• Tsoroev Zauli (Marzabek) Zaurbekovich, officer of the Russian Imperial Army
• Ortskhanov Khizir Idig-Khadzhievich,Cornet of the Russian Imperial Army
• Pliev Aliskhan Batalievich, Lieutenant of the Russian Imperial Army
• Pliev Yusup Zeytulovich, cadet of the Russian Imperial Army
• Kholukhoev Abdul-Azis Mousievich, Ensign of the Russian Imperial Army
• Kholukhoev Dzhabrail Botkoevich, senior constable of the Russian Imperial Army
• Tumakhoev Toy Kantyshevich, cadet of the Russian Imperial Army

They faithfully served their new great Motherland.

In the mountains of the Eastern Carpathians, on the Romanian front, a meeting whether riders and officers of the Caucasian Cavalry Division new, 1917. And none of them was destined to know what shocks the coming year would fall on the country and how it would affect the fate of each of them, none of them could foresee that soon in Russia, as well as in the Caucasus, a fratricidal civil war would break out, which would be bloody. the border will divide many fellow soldiers, turning them into irreconcilable opponents ...

Cornet of the Kabardian Regiment Alexei Arsenyev in his memoirs of those days writes: “The abdication of the Sovereign from the throne shocked everyone; that “enthusiasm” with which the entire population, according to the creators of the revolution, “greeted it” was not there; there was a general confusion, which was soon replaced by some kind of intoxication from the consciousness that now - "everything is allowed."

Red flags fluttered everywhere, red bows were full of them. In the "Wild Division" they were not put on - except for the guards and machine-gunner sailors.

The revolutionary events in Petrograd did not bring significant changes to the life of the Caucasian Cavalry Division. Until recently, the "Wild" retained firm military discipline and loyalty to military duty, the respect of the riders for their commanders, many of whom, having started the war as ordinary "hunters", received officer ranks for military merits. Very soon, the Caucasian regiments will be on the crest of the complex political events that took place in the country at the end of August 1917. And the sons of the Caucasus, who glorified themselves on the battlefields with an external enemy, will be able to honorably get out of this situation and will not be involved in an internecine fratricidal war in Russia at that turning point in history. It is not difficult to imagine what would happen if the "eagles of the Caucasus" became participants in the suppression of the revolutionary movement. But that did not happen. And this is a completely different story ....

Based on the book by O.L. Opryshko "Caucasian Cavalry Division".

WILD LIES ABOUT "WILD" DIVISION

The romantic story about the exploits of the Chechen-Ingush cavalry in the First World War is as much a lie as the tale of hundreds of Vainakhs who defended the Brest Fortress.

YOUR BROTAN - KOLYAN SECOND

Contrary to the howls of the liberals, pre-revolutionary Russia has never been a "prison of peoples." Moreover, its non-Russian subjects often had more benefits and privileges than Russians. One of these benefits was exemption from military service. The highlanders of the North Caucasus were not subject to conscription into the Russian army.

Of course, this state of affairs could not be considered normal. Considering the draft law “On the size of the contingent of recruits for the draft of 1908”, the State Duma commission on state defense rightly noted: “Despite all the peculiarities of the peoples who still do not bear the high duty of defense of the state, this state of affairs should not continue, since it prevents merge all these peoples into one strong state and unjustly burdens the rest of the population of Russia with sacrifices for the defense of the state ”(Sidnev. Appeal of Nationalities /  / War and Revolution. 1927. No. 5. P. 116).

Alas, military service for the highlanders, as well as for other "oppressed national minorities" was introduced only under Soviet rule. In tsarist times, however, things did not go beyond deputy chatter. Even after the start of World War I, instead of being called up by the Russian command, a volunteer Caucasian native cavalry division was created, which went down in history under the unofficial name "wild division", which consisted of six cavalry regiments united in three brigades: 1 I - Kabardian and Dagestan regiments, 2 I - Tatar and Chechen, 3 I - Ingush and Circassian.

Until now, along with the Chechen-Ingush defense of the Brest Fortress and the burning of the village of Khaibach by the Beria executioners during the deportation of 1944, one of the most popular plots of the Vainakh folklore is the defeat of the Ingush regiment of the "Wild Division" of the "Iron Division" of the Germans:

“A separate episode of the film is dedicated to the defeat of the famous German “iron division” by the Ingush regiment, which was considered the pride of the Kaiser’s army. The congratulatory telegram of Nicholas II described this battle as follows: “The Ingush regiment fell on the German “iron division” like a mountain avalanche. In the history of the Russian Fatherland ... there was no case of an attack by cavalry of enemy units armed with heavy artillery ... In less than an hour and a half, the "iron division" ceased to exist, with which the best military units of our allies were afraid to come into contact ... Pass it on my behalf, the royal court and on behalf of the whole Russian army, fraternal greetings to fathers, mothers, wives and brides of these brave eagles of the Caucasus, who put an end to the German hordes with their immortal feat ”(Dolgikh I. “Wild Division” close-up /  / Rossiyskaya Gazeta. January 24, 2006. No. 12 (3978) C.7).

The “fraternal greetings” of Nicholas II immediately hurt the eyes. The last emperor of Russia, who still did not get to the royal throne, was the manager of the Bunsh house from the comedy “Ivan Vasilyevich Changes His Profession”, with his own: “Very nice, tsar ...” Nikolai was trained in etiquette from childhood and never communicated with his subjects in such familiar style. In addition, he studied Russian history, which noted many cases of cavalry attacks against enemy units armed with heavy artillery. For example, on March 13, 1814, at the Battle of Fer-Champenause, the Russian cavalry, with some support from the Prussian and Austrian cavalry, utterly defeated two French corps, which lost 8 thousand people only as prisoners and 75 guns out of 84 available by the beginning of the battle.

DIVISION OF FAKE GLORY

Talking about the enchanting feat of the "Wild Division", none of the authors even tries to refer to pre-revolutionary newspaper publications or archives, which immediately suggests a fake. While groaning about the mythical burning of Khaibach (I. Pykhalov “Small-town Passions in the Chechen Mountains”, “Special Forces of Russia” No. 4, 2004), Chechen-loving storytellers can still refute the fact that the heirs of Stalin’s guardsmen hide documents about this “operation” in some special a special folder of the top-secret archive, however, such a number will not work here. Such a telegram of Nicholas II, if it really existed, was not only not secret, but also implied mandatory public disclosure. That is, it would certainly have been published in the newspapers of that time, and would also have been deposited in archival funds accessible to researchers. But there's nothing there.

Moreover, a careful study of the versions of the “tsarist telegram” circulating in the Russian media allows us to trace a very amusing evolution of the myth about the exploits of the “Wild Division”. In its original version, cited above, we are talking about the feat of only one Ingush regiment:

“Like a mountain avalanche, the Ingush regiment collapsed (we note, for a well-known reason, there was no Ossetian regiment in the Wild Division  - Approx. Ed. "Angusht") on the German Iron Division. In the history of the Russian Fatherland, including our Preobrazhensky Regiment, there was no case of an attack by cavalry of an enemy unit armed with heavy artillery: 4.5 thousand killed, 3.5 thousand captured, 2.5 thousand wounded, in less than an hour and a half, the division ceased to exist, with which the best military units of our allies, including the Russian Army, were afraid to come into contact ... August 25, 1915. (Krymov M. Will the Motherland remember the exploits of her sons? /  / Angusht. January 2002. No. 18).

It is simply amazing how many things several hundred Ingush horsemen can do in less than an hour and a half! It is clear that the Chechens also wanted their share of glory and immediately received it.

“Like a mountain avalanche, the Ingush regiment fell on the German division. He was immediately supported by the Chechen deadly regiment. In the history of the Russian Fatherland ... there was no case of an enemy attack by cavalry armed with heavy artillery ... August 25, 1915. (Brusilovsky M. Islam, which we have lost /  / Political Orthodoxy. Strategic magazine. No. 2. M., 2006).

"Chechen deadly regiment" is cool, but still there is a feeling of wrongness. The Chechen people are much more numerous than the Ingush. It is not proper for a younger brother to go ahead of an older brother. As a result, another version is obtained, published in the collection of essays published by Memorial, sent by high school students to the annual All-Russian historical competition held by this society. Malika Magomadova, a student of the 10th grade of school No. 1 in the village of Geldagan, Kurchaloevsky district, was the author of a glorious version for both fraternal peoples.

“According to the stories of my grandfather, Ali Magomadov, my great-grandfather had many awards for his courage and heroism. Magomed participated in the defeat of the German Iron Division by the Vainakh regiments. A copy of the telegram of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army - Tsar Nicholas II - dated August 25, 1916, sent to the Governor-General of the Terek Region, Mr. Flaimer, is kept in the archives of my family. It says the following: “Like a mountain avalanche, a Chechen regiment fell on the German Iron Division. He was immediately supported by the Ingush regiment. In the history of the Russian Fatherland, including our Preobrazhensky Regiment, there was no case of an attack by cavalry of an enemy unit of armed heavy artillery - 4.5 thousand were killed, 3.5 thousand were taken prisoner, 2.5 thousand were wounded. In less than 1.5 hours, the "iron division" ceased to exist, with which the best military units of our allies, including the Russian army, were afraid to come into contact. On my behalf, on behalf of the royal court and on behalf of the Russian army, convey fraternal cordial greetings to the fathers, mothers, brothers, sisters and brides of these brave eagles of the Caucasus, who laid the foundation for the end of the German hordes with their immortal feat. Russia will never forget this feat. Honor and praise to them. With fraternal greetings, Nicholas II ”(Being a Chechen: Peace and War through the Eyes of Schoolchildren. M., 2004. P. 77).

Now everything is in order. True, the governor-general of the Terek region had the surname Fleisher, and a flamer is a person who chats in vain and off topic on the Internet, but you should not pay attention to such trifles. Most importantly, the fraternal military alliance of Chechens and Ingush is shown with the leading and guiding role of the Chechen people. A "document" was also found - a copy of the tsar's telegram in the archive of the Magomadovs. Those who wish can go to the Kurchaloevsky district and personally get acquainted with it. Or at least ask Malika's parents to kick her ears for lying.

VAINAKH TALE FROM ODESSA PRIVAZ

There is a well-known Odessa anecdote. Two Jews meet on Privoz and one says to the other: “Have you heard? Abramovich won 20,000 on the stock exchange.” “Firstly, not Abramovich, but Rabinovich,” his interlocutor corrects. - Secondly, not on the stock exchange, but in preference. Thirdly, he did not win 20 thousand, but lost 500.

Considering different versions of the fairy tale about the "Wild Division" you immediately remember this anecdote. Pay attention to how the date walks: now 1915, then 1916. It also occurs on August 26 instead of August 25. At the same time, the authors who date the telegram to 1915 are not at all embarrassed by the fact that the Brusilovsky breakthrough (during which this “feat” allegedly occurred) took place a year later!

It turned out even funnier with the “Iron Division” ... The Germans really had a connection with this name, but it fought in the Civil War against units of the Red Army in the Baltic states. And in the First World War, the German army included the 20th Infantry Brunswick Steel Division. When on June 17 (30), 1916, German and Austro-Hungarian troops launched a counteroffensive against the Russian Southwestern Front, the 4th Austro-Hungarian army, reinforced by the 10th German corps, was supposed to break through the center of the 8th Russian army with a frontal attack. By a strange coincidence, the German Steel Division was opposed by the 4th Rifle Iron Division of the future commander of the White Guard troops in southern Russia, Lieutenant General A. I. Denikin. During five days of unsuccessful attacks, the 10th Corps suffered heavy losses, 300,400 bayonets remained in its regiments.

Denikin's regiments thoroughly battered the Steel Division, but the Chechens and the Ingush had absolutely nothing to do with it. During the Brusilov breakthrough, the "wild division" was in a completely different place, being part of the 9th Russian army. At the same time, the highlanders did not participate at all in the assault on enemy positions:

“Any particularly outstanding successes during this time in the actions of the Native Division cannot be noted” (Litvinov A.I. Maysky breakthrough of the IX Army in 1916. Pg., 1923. P. 68).

Only on May 28 (June 10), 8 days after the start of the Russian offensive, one brigade of the Caucasian native division took part in the pursuit of the enemy (the other two brigades remained in the rear). And on May 30 (June 12), two of the three brigades of the "Wild Division" already participated in the persecution, but the results of the persecution turned out to be much more modest than those mentioned in the "telegram". Yes, and the mountaineers mostly cut down the fleeing soldiers of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, already defeated by the Russian troops in disorder, who often only dreamed of being captured as soon as possible.

At one time, exposing a fake about the supposedly burned Khaibakh, I noticed that the Chechen village was called a “town”, which makes me think about the birth of its author in the Pale of Settlement. Here, too, one gets the impression that the tale of the "Wild Division" was composed by some kind of gesheftmakher from Privoz. In fact: the division was not Iron, but Steel, it was not the Vainakhs who battered it, but the Russians, and even in the Caucasian division itself, Chechens and Ingush made up only a third. In May 1916, before the start of the Brusilov breakthrough, the division consisted of 4200 checkers. In total, during the war, about 7 thousand highlanders passed through its ranks, of which the Vainakhs made up two regiments out of six. In total, the Chechens with the Ingush gave the Russian army a thousand and a few people. Many of its fighters really fought bravely, but in general the role of the "Wild Division" was very small, especially if you remember that at the front then about two hundred divisions fought on both sides.

"JUST BROKEN THE GLASS, AND HE'S ALREADY SCREAMING!"

The personnel of the “wild division” were distinguished by low discipline and a love of theft: “At overnight stays, and at every opportunity, the horsemen strove to quietly separate from the regiment with the intention of stealing everything that was bad from the inhabitants. The command fought against this with all measures, up to the execution of the guilty, but during the first two years of the war, it was very difficult to weather out of the Ingush their purely Asian view of the war as a campaign for prey. Over time, however, the riders became more and more part of the concept of modern warfare, and by the end of the war the regiment was finally disciplined and became in this respect no worse than any cavalry unit ”(Markov A. In the Ingush Cavalry Regiment /  / Military Byl. associations, Paris, 1957, No. 22, p.9).

“As mentioned above, in the first two years of the war it was very difficult to instill in the horsemen the concept of the European way of warfare. They considered any inhabitant of enemy territory an enemy, with all the ensuing circumstances, and their property as their lawful booty. They did not take the Austrians prisoner at all and cut off the heads of all who surrendered.

Therefore, the rare camping of the regiment in the Austrian village was without incident, especially at the beginning of the war, until the Ingush got used to the idea that the civilian population is not an enemy and their property does not belong to the conquerors.

I remember how, on one of the first days of my stay in the regiment, we, the officers, did not have time to settle down for dinner at some kind of parking lot, when a desperate woman's cry rushed through the village, as only Galician women can scream.

Ra-tui-those, kind people-and-and ...

The duty platoon sent to this cry brought with them to the commander a hundred horsemen and two “gasda and gasdynia” trembling with fear. According to them, it turned out that the highlander was breaking into the hut, and when they didn’t let him in, he broke the window and wanted to climb into it. In response to the captain’s stern question, the highlander shrugged his hands indignantly and replied offendedly: “For the first time I see such a people ... I haven’t managed to take anything yet, I just broke the glass, but ... and he is already screaming” (Markov A. In the Ingush Cavalry Regiment /  / Military Byl Paris, 1957, No. 23, p.5).

“The attitude of the Ingush towards state property was no better. For a long time the regiment could not ensure that the horsemen did not consider weapons to be an object of purchase and sale. Even for this, several people had to be put on trial for dealing with state-owned weapons. In this area, too, the matter was not without domestic curiosities. So, in one of the hundreds, the head of weapons, making an audit, missed several rifles from the spare. Knowing, however, the morals of the highlanders, he warned the commander of the hundred that he was not submitting a report, but would come again in a few days for a new revision, during which period the hundred should make up for the shortage. A hundred measures were taken and on the next visit of the weapons manager, he found ten extra rifles ”(Markov A. In the Ingush Cavalry Regiment /  / Military Story. Paris, 1957. No. 24. P.6 7).

And another significant fact. During the formation of the “wild division”, none of the highlanders agreed to go to the convoy, considering service there humiliating. As a result, the convoy teams had to be made up of Russian soldiers. It is understandable. For this, Slavic cattle exist, in order to perform chores that are shameful for proud zhigits.

TASTE OF VIRTUAL HALVA

The contribution of the Chechen and Ingush peoples to World War I is negligible, even if we consider it in relation to their numbers. This is also supported by demographic data. As you know, after a hard war, due to losses, there is usually a shortage of the male population. However, in what was then Chechnya, we see a completely opposite picture. According to the 1926 census, the population of the Chechen region consisted of 159,223 males and 150,637 females (Basic statistics and a list of populated areas of the Chechen Autonomous Region for 1929-30. Vladikavkaz, 1930, p. 7).

“The imperialist and civil wars over the period of time 1914-1920 quite sharply violated almost everywhere, stabilizing in peacetime, the sex ratio, a noticeable effect on the sex composition of the population of Chech. Regions were not provided. Chechnya was not subject to mass mobilization in the imperialist war, and participation in the Civil War was only episodic” (Ibid., p.12).

At the same time, according to the same census, 14,531 males and 15,583 females lived in the neighboring Sunzhensky district.

“The excess of the female part in the population of Sunzha, consisting exclusively of Cossacks who took an active part in both the imperialist and the Civil Wars, is quite understandable” (Ibid.).

But maybe the brave horsemen rushed to the front in droves, but the malicious tsarist government did not let them in? Not at all. The bulk of the mountain population was in no hurry to enroll in the "wild division". For 1914 1917 each of its regiments received four reinforcements. However, already the third replenishment of the beginning of 1916 "did not fully satisfy the requirement", and the recruitment was delayed due to a lack of volunteers. At the same time, volunteers were given mainly by poor mountain communities, while the prosperous flat auls "almost did not give" them. As a result, as Lieutenant Colonel N. Tarkovsky, deputy commander of the reserve personnel of the division, put it, they had to resort to “some pressure”: recruiters sent orders to the mountain societies, leaving the local elders themselves to force their youth to “voluntarily” join the ranks of the division (Bezugolny A. Yu. Peoples Caucasus and the Red Army, 1918-1945, Moscow, 2007, p.30-31).

The attempt to call on the proud sons of the mountains for defense work ended in a scandal. On August 9 (22), 1916, the Viceroy of the Caucasus and Commander of the Caucasian Front, Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich Jr., hastened to send an extensive letter to his crowned relative, in which he called on Nicholas II to abandon his intention. The involvement of the mountaineers in forced labor, the Grand Duke noted, “is tantamount in the eyes of many Muslims to the humiliation of their dignity,” since it contradicts the national traditions of the local population, which has been militant for a century (but for some reason not in a hurry to the front.  - I.P.) and contemptuously related to physical labor. Say, there is already information about ridicule against the highlanders by the Armenians.

According to the unanimous opinion of the governors and heads of the regions of the North Caucasus, in the event of such a mobilization among the mountaineers, mass desertion of the male population to the mountains, armed rebellions, an attack on the Russian administration, damage to railways, oil fields and similar crimes will begin. As a result, mobilization was soon suspended, and attempts to resume it were no longer made. It is interesting that the author of the book cited above, Mr. Bezugolny, interprets the actions of the tsarist government as the result of “ignorance and indifference of the military authorities in the national question”, “a rude, purely practical approach” (Ibid. p. 35), “complete disregard for the pride of the highlanders” (Ibid. p.37).

That is, the country is waging a difficult war with an external enemy, Russian soldiers are dying in the hundreds of thousands, and the authorities must appease the pride of the "mountain eagles" who are sitting in the rear and who do not want to fight or work for defense! On the other hand, the eagles and the progressive intelligentsia supporting them are masters in promoting fake exploits. Contrary to the well-known oriental proverb, from repeated pronunciation of the word "halva" in the mouth, an illusory aftertaste of sweet still appears. The massive and impudent propaganda of historical fakes leads to the fact that they have already passed into the category of "well-known facts" thoughtlessly repeated by Russian inhabitants. As the former leader of the Motherland party, Dmitry Rogozin, who decided to show off his erudition, did this a year ago:

“I read a telegram from the sovereign emperor to the governor of the Terek region about the defeat of the Iron Division during the First World War by strikes from the Ingush and Chechen regiments of the Wild Division. For me it was a revelation! The heirs of the highlanders, abreks, who at first fought for 50 years against the mighty Russian army - the victorious Napoleon, and suddenly began to serve the throne, the sovereign emperor and the great country, performing feats for the glory of Russia. Why isn't anyone talking about this?" (What prevents Russians and Caucasians from living in peace and harmony? /  / Komsomolskaya Pravda. July 10, 2007).

Don't worry, Dmitry Olegovich. They say. More like they say! The tongue is, as you know, without bones. And it is not customary among the Russian intelligentsia to be ashamed of one's ignorance.

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Kazbek: I don't even want to discuss it. The brainy sits in St. Petersburg and writes all sorts of nonsense, obviously under the order. This is his contribution to the shit, which he is ready to pour out on those who are pointed out. You, Pykhalov, are a man without honor. I have the honor!

Abrej dzhanhot: Why don't you Prussians leave us highlanders and live in your own swamp. In the Army, we see what your Prussians can do and what the darling is enough for. 5 Caucasians are building hundreds of Russian soldiers. I say this from my own experience. Nazism is so softly expressed by a Russian man in the Blood,

Jean: Yes, everyone calm down! ... Pykhalov is a provocateur, and you all succumbed to him. Khaibach had a place to be!!!...Maybe Pykhalov's grandfather brought the same torch to the shed where the infirm, women and children were herded. ... There were also 13 Russian soldiers who were shot by the Red Army soldiers (Avars) in a mountainous village for refusing to execute local residents on the spot (there was no way for the "Studebakers" there ... There was also a Chechen Islamkhanov-Furmanov, who was deported as an "accomplice" of the German invaders to distant Kazakhstan and changed his nationality to Avar in order to go to the front....And you, pyhalov, will be the first to run with your hands up towards the enemy.Not even in the opposite direction...The teenage great-grandson of those whose memory you insult, already in 1996, together with his comrade, he pulled a drowning drunken Russian officer out of the pond, diving under him ... Maybe he gave the order to shoot direct fire from the Grad installation in the village on New Year's Eve on December 31. ... You smell of carrion, pikhalov. And your last name is not Russian .... Let us live normally with Russians!

matius: The author is just a provocateur and a complete dumbass, do you even know the scribbler how many deserters and traitors were in our valiant Soviet army and the rear too, and what nationalities they were ..... enough of Vlasov's army and its quantity.

Arsen: I read your article, just furious from the distortion of facts. Everywhere they write the same way with respect for the "Wild Division", and only you write negatively. Have you tried to do something else (maybe there is something in life that turns out, albeit not well - but still better than writing essays or articles)?

Vadim: From the memorandum "On the situation in the regions of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic"

There are 2,288 settlements in the republic. During the war, the population decreased by 25,886 people and totals 705,814 people. Chechens and Ingush as a whole in the republic make up about 450,000 people.

There are 38 sects in the republic, numbering over 20 thousand people. They carry out active anti-Soviet work, shelter bandits, German paratroopers.

As the front line approached in August-September 1942, 80 members of the CPSU(b) left their jobs and fled, incl. 16 heads of district committees of the CPSU (b), 8 executives of district executive committees and 14 chairmen of collective farms.

Anti-Soviet authorities, having contacted German paratroopers, on the instructions of German intelligence, organized an armed uprising in Shatoevsky, Cheberloevsky, Itum-Kalinsky, Vedensky and Galanchozhsky districts in October 1942.

The attitude of the Chechens and Ingush towards the Soviet government was clearly expressed in desertion and draft evasion in the Red Army.

During the first mobilization in August 1941, out of 8,000 people to be drafted, 719 deserted.

In October 1941, out of 4,733 people, 362 evaded the draft.

In January 1942, when completing the national division, only 50 percent of the personnel were called up.

In March 1942, out of 14,576 people, 13,560 deserted and evaded service, went underground, went to the mountains and joined gangs.

In 1943, out of 3,000 volunteers, the number of deserters was 1,870.

A group of Chechens led by Alautdin Khamchiev and Abdurakhman Beltoev hid the paratrooper of the German intelligence service Lange and ferried him across the front line. The criminals were awarded knightly orders and transferred to the CHI ASSR to organize an armed uprising.

According to the NKVD and the NKGB of the CHI ASSR, there were 8,535 people on operational records, including 27 German paratroopers; 457 people suspected of links with German intelligence; 1410 members of fascist organizations; 619 mullahs and active sectarians; 2126 deserters.

In September-October 1943, 243 people were liquidated and legalized. As of November 1, 35 bandit groups with a total number of 245 people and 43 lone bandits are operating in the republic.

Over 4,000 people - participants in armed uprisings in 1941-42. stopped their active work, but weapons - pistols, machine guns, automatic rifles - are not handed over, covering them for a new armed uprising, which will be timed to coincide with the second German offensive in the Caucasus. wedding in Malinovka": "power is changing again." The most important thing is to have two caps ...

Vadim: Yeah.... it's probably not worth talking about the "lentil" operation!!? why was the entire Caucasus exiled to Asia.... crests were also needed...

doc: In Russia there are many such puffers ..... let them puff ... !! But they and the whole world know about the courage and courage of the regiments of the "Wild Division". And the Russians are brave when they get drunk on vodka ....! And how did such "brave" Russian warriors walk under the Tatar-Mongols for 300 years? Russian ...... but are there any pure Russians in Russia ... ??? You will understand yourself ...... for a start ...!

True Warrior: There are no more Russians. The authorities that have come since 1917 have done everything possible for this. But the Chechens and other peoples will do the same with you. They only need you time to finish off the last Russians. Next you! that's when you call! and remember the Russian people who fed you, protected and worked for you. Another people will come to Russian land and it won’t be you. Other peoples don’t need you for free. they helped, worked hellishly, ruining themselves, taking on the role of God) so you will pay off, after the final decline of the Russian nation. here you are cowards.

Ruslan: This is from the same series that the Tatars were not at the battle on the ice and that the Swedes were wetted only by Russians) article for Soviet textbooks)

Khamidbiy: You are already sick of the Nazis! The natives of the Caucasus have always been patriots of their land, in contrast, about your Natsiks. You are the heroes here, and if it comes to you, then it turns out, as history always shows, that the Vlasov army is Bandera and Shukhevych! so draw your own conclusions.

Vladimir: They fight for truth and faith, and all the people of Russia, of all nationalities, have always fought bravely and without fear!!!

Vladimir Nikolaev: Rustam!
You also forgot to add that all the warriors of the wild division, consisting of the great peoples of the North Caucasus, were armed with sabers made of Damascus steel, so they easily chopped off all the barrels of all the guns of the "Iron Division" and this put it to flight. Well, and then everyone was simply finished off, finished off, finished off and finally finished off.

Vladimir Nikolaev: Circassian!
You can walk around and be proud all day long of who you are. And why then are you, so proud, trying to come to live with us Muscovites, in Muscovy? Where is your pride?
But I want to draw your attention to the fact that for some reason Russians, and indeed all Slavs, never speak badly about other nationalities. Although there are individual idiots ...
Russian peaceful and patient, from this and all our troubles.
For example, I don’t care who you are, Tatar, Georgian, Chechen, Ukrainian or Uzbek, the main thing is that the person be a good one. And there are enough bad people among Muslims and Christians. So don't push...

Vladimir Nikolaev: Rustam!
From what I wrote, I realized that if it were not for the "Wild Division", then the Russian army would have been utterly defeated at the very beginning of the 1st World War.
This is probably due to the fact that the entire Russian army consisted entirely of cowards and traitors, and the "Wild Division" of patriots and real warriors.

Aslan: as I understand it, give you free rein, you write the whole story in your own way and that there were no 300 years of the golden horde that no one ever captured the Russians that they defeated everyone themselves in a single feat made it ashamed to be like the Nazis, they also considered themselves better of all peoples and did not despise anything and where are they now think scribbler

thunder: Another bastard who hates the Vainakhs.

alike: During the Second World War, a well-known fact was that many volunteers went to the front without even waiting for summonses. During the 1st World War, representatives of the Caucasian peoples did not serve in the Russian army. But I think everyone was aware that the country was at war. Why are there no such facts that the highlanders en masse rush voluntarily to the front to defend Russia? I think, with such human losses, they would not have refused to replenish. Or was everything smooth for them, it's Russia that is fighting, this is a Russian war ???

Madina: Another stupid provocation. They got their feeding about bad and good peoples. Bastards.

Rustam: This is the whole essence of the Russian people of the cowardly vile not recognizing the facts of real events about the Great Wild Division about the Great peoples of the North Caucasus, for sure the ancestor of the author of this article licked the pussy of some whore at the moment when the Ingush regiment was going to his death

Dinar: Yakov Davidovich Yuzefovich (March 12, 1872 - July 5, 1929, Tartu, Estonia) - an outstanding general, in the anti-Bolshevik resistance from the very beginning. From the nobles of the Grodno province, a Muslim, Polish-Lithuanian Tatar. Since August 23, 1914, the chief of staff of the Native ("Wild") Cavalry Division. Since 1915 - major general. He was awarded the Order of George of the 4th degree (1916): “For being the chief of staff of the Caucasian native cavalry division, during the fighting from January 11 to 26, 1915 in the area of ​​​​Lyutovisk, Boberka, Lomna, repeatedly exposing his life of obvious danger, made reconnaissance and tirelessly conducted observations in battle, on the basis of which he drew up a plan of action for the division, and during reconnaissance on January 18 he was wounded by a rifle bullet, but remained in service, continuing to fulfill his duties. During the battles themselves, he took an active part in them, constantly personally giving instructions to private commanders and, often, not being able to receive instructions from the head of the division in a timely manner, on his own initiative, took such measures that contributed to the defeat of the Austrians. According to the testimony of the head of the division, he was his main employee in achieving a decisive victory won by the division over the enemy ”(From archival documents).

Vit: Poor highlanders are offended. They have already begun to yell about nationalism. What a pity. And they still call themselves proud...

Syoma: Alexander, I carefully read the nonsense ... Probably, you can’t “wave” subjective arguments like that, and even more so consider an unfounded article to be true. Apparently, Pykhach is very angry with the natives. Shorten my friend.......

Alexander: how the natives smoked from the truth and .....

Circassian: they proved that you are worthless, and I am insanely proud of who we are!
the Russian people will never be compared with the highlanders,

Radek: During the First World War, the Caucasian Native Cavalry Division became famous on the battlefields, or as it was called by the people, the “Wild Division”. It was formed from volunteers from Abkhazia, Ingushetia, Kabarda, Balkaria, Adygeya, Circassia, Chechnya, Karachay, Dagestan and Azerbaijan. Formed in September 1914. six regiments of the division - Kabardian, 2nd Dagestan, Chechen, - Tatar, Ingush and Circassian in a single formation defended the Fatherland, demonstrating the unity of the peoples of Russia. Here, princes and ordinary highlanders, descendants of famous families and pardoned abreks, fought shoulder to shoulder. All together they formed a unique military unit, in which the spirit of solidarity and mutual assistance, mutual understanding, humanity and respect for each other reigned. When the Native Division began to form, the Ossetian regiment was not provided for in it. Firstly, the Ossetian cavalry division already existed (later deployed into a regiment), and secondly, volunteers from the Muslim peoples of the Caucasus were recruited into this division, who were not subject to military service in Russia. The rank and file of the regiments was basically homogeneous, but the composition of the officers was very motley. The division was commanded by the brother of the Sovereign Emperor, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich. Among the command staff of the division - from generals to ensigns - there were many princes, princes, counts and mountain nobility. The Persian prince, Colonel Fazula-Mirza Qajar, the cornet Khan Nakhichevansky, the son of the writer, Ensign Count Mikhail Lvovich Tolstoy, Colonel Prince Napoleon Murat, and others served here. Several Ossetian officers and privates served among the officers of the Native Division, who more than once demonstrated courage and courage. Basically, they served in the Kabardian and Tatar regiments. During the formation of the Kabardian regiment, the staff captain Aslanbek Tuganov, who became the commander of the 2nd hundred, Lieutenant Khadzhi-Omar Mistulov and Lieutenant Daniil Seoev were enlisted in its composition. The reserve hundred of the Kabardian regiment was led by captain Grigory Kozyrev. Aslanbek Tuganov spent the whole war in the Kabardian regiment. He was wounded, having recovered, in October 1916 he again led the 2nd hundred. At the end of 1917 he was already a lieutenant colonel. On December 4, 1918, in the village of Karachay, he was arrested by Kermenists and taken to Vladikavkaz with a group of Ossetian officers. Lieutenant Mistulov, brother of the famous General Elmurza Mistulov, previously served in the 1st Sunzha-Vladikavkaz Regiment. Since 1909, he was retired, and with the outbreak of war he entered the Kabardian regiment. On December 25, 1914, in a battle in the snowy Carpathians, he was seriously wounded in the leg for a flight, but did not want to be evacuated to Russia and, having rested in a field hospital, returned to the regiment on January 29, 1915. Participating in the White movement, Hadji-Omar Mistulov was promoted to colonel. In 1920 he left Russia and in 1936 died in France, in Nice. Lieutenant Daniil Seoev, who served in the Kabardian regiment throughout the war, was also a Cossack of the Terek army. In 1918 he served in the detachment of Lazar Bicherakhov in Dagestan. Cornet Jalaladin Kanukov was in the same regiment. In March 1915 cornet Konstantin Kodzaev arrived in the Kabardian regiment. A native of the village of Gizel, he graduated from the Tiflis Military School in 1913 and was enrolled in the 83rd Samur Infantry Regiment, in whose ranks he began the war. Then, at will, he was transferred to the Kabardian regiment. His brother cornet Kornely Kodzaev served in the neighboring Tatar regiment. On August 25, 1915, on the banks of the Dniester, near the village of Novoselka-Kostyukovo, cornet Kornely Kodzaev died. Konstantin took his brother's body to Gizel for burial. Previously, Kornely Kodzaev served at the Vladikavkaz District Court as an assistant barrister. In the summer of 1915, the staff captain Dokhchiko Kubatiev arrived in the Kabardian regiment. He served in the Ardagano-Mikhailovsky Infantry Regiment, then in the 51st Artillery Brigade. After the wounding of Captain Tuganov, he led the 2nd hundred, and from March 1916 he commanded the 1st hundred. In October 1916 he was sent to an accelerated course at the Academy of the General Staff. After graduating from them, he returned and was appointed senior adjutant of the headquarters of the Caucasian native division. Already in the rank of captain, Kubatiev, from May 22 to June 21, 1917, served as the chief of staff of the division. For differences in the summer offensive of 1917, according to the new rules, he was awarded the soldier's St. George's Cross of the 4th degree: the city itself, which was fired upon by heavy artillery fire of the enemy. The fire was so strong that the church itself was destroyed by it to the ground and the whole city was on fire. But captain Kubatiev, despising personal danger and realizing the importance of observing the enemy, did not leave the observation post all the time, reporting on all enemy movements, thereby contributing to our success in defending the city of Kalush. In the summer of 1917, Colonel Vasily Kubatiev was transferred to the Tatar regiment. During the Civil War, he refused to leave his homeland and was shot in 1920. In the Tatar regiment, the entire war was fought with honors by the staff captain Mikhail Khoranov, the son of General Khoranov. Previously, he served in the Imperial Convoy, then in the 1st Verkhnedudinsky Regiment. Of the officers of the Tatar regiment, Mikhail Khoranov, the only one awarded the St. George weapon. Later he participated in the White Movement, became a colonel and died in France on December 30, 1942. Another son of General Khoranov, Peter, entered as a volunteer in the 2nd Dagestan Regiment. For military distinctions, he was awarded the St. George Crosses of the 4th, 3rd and 2nd degrees and promoted to second lieutenant of the police. From November 1916 he was already a lieutenant of the militia. On July 2, 1917, in a battle north of Kalush, in Galicia, Pyotr Khoranov died. A native of Ossetia, Boris Dzakhov, after the Tver Cavalry School, was promoted to ensign and enlisted in the 2nd Dagestan Regiment. For the battle on the outskirts of the city of Stanislavov, for his heroism, he was awarded the St. George weapon. “For the fact that in the battle on July 28, 1916, near height 311, commanding the 1st hundred regiment in the rank of cornet and having received information that our infantry, under the onslaught of a superior enemy, is in a difficult situation and asks for support, on its own initiative, rushed into equestrian formation with his hundred under the strongest fire of the Austro-Germans in an attack on their trenches, brought a hundred, despite the heavy losses in people, to a blow with cold weapons and, chopping up part of the defenders of the trenches, scattered the others, thanks to which the danger that threatened our infantry was eliminated." In the same 2nd Dagestan regiment, staff captain Georgy Kibirov fought with honors. As a volunteer, he participated in the Russian-Japanese war, as part of the Terek-Kuban regiment. For military distinctions he was awarded the St. George Crosses of the 4th and 3rd degrees - and was promoted to officer. Then he participated in the capture of the famous abrek Zelimkhan and became known as the killer of Zelimkhan. In 1916, Captain Kibirov was seconded to the Ingush regiment and appointed commander of the 5th hundred (there were four hundred in all regiments of the division). This hundred was called "Abrek", it recruited former abreks, many of whom were relatives of Zelimkhan. For the duration of the war, they forgot their personal accounts to Kibirov and fought courageously and bravely. In the December battles of 1916 in the Carpathians, 32 abreks out of the 5th hundred were killed. In May 1917, the hundred was disbanded, and Kibirov was transferred to the Ossetian foot brigade. In addition to Ossetian officers, ordinary Ossetians fought with honors in the Native Division. Two of them became full cavaliers of St. George. These are Alexander Kaitukov and Datso Daurov. Senior sergeant Alexander Kaytukov served in the Tatar regiment. He received the St. George Cross of the 2nd degree (No. 60758): “For the fact that on the night of July 23, 1916, while occupying a responsible position with a post, he repelled an enemy attack with a force of up to half a company and held his post until reinforcements arrived.” And at dawn on December 27, 1916, Kaitukov and Aliyev Kerim were sent to reconnaissance at a height of 625. Despite heavy fire, they completed the task, accurately indicating the location of the enemy units, capturing one prisoner on the way back. For this case, Kaitukov received the Georgievsky cross, 2nd degree cross, but since he already had one, it was replaced with the 1st degree (No. 34396). Another hero ensign Datso Daurov also served in the same regiment. He received the St. George Cross of the 1st degree (No. 23039) for the fact that in the battle on December 27, 1916, being in the rear, seeing that his dismounted hundred were on the attack, he volunteered to join the chain, among the first he rushed at the enemy, dragging the rest behind you. Volunteer rider Sergey Khoranov of the Tatar regiment during the attack on August 25, 1915 with the 3rd hundred enemy trenches under artillery and machine-gun fire carried the wounded warrant officer Prince Khaitbey Shirvashidze from the battlefield and thereby saved his life. For this feat, Sergei Khoranov received the St. George Cross of the 3rd degree. The St. George Cross of the 3rd degree was also awarded to the rider of the Tatar regiment Kambulat Tsogoev, for reconnaissance under enemy fire. Also for reconnaissance, the police cadet from the same regiment, Khachash Kozyrev, received the St. George Cross of the 2nd degree. In August 1917, the native division was deployed to the Caucasian native cavalry corps, consisting of two divisions. The 2nd Native Division was headed by Lieutenant General I. Khoranov, and Colonel G. Tatonov became the chief of staff. Colonel Ya. Khabaev was appointed commander of the 2nd brigade of this division. The 2nd brigade consisted of the 1st (commander lieutenant colonel G. Dzugaev) and the 2nd Ossetian cavalry regiments. On February 26, 1918, when the corps had actually already disintegrated, Lieutenant General D. Abatsiev was appointed its commander. During the three years of the war, the Caucasian native division won a truly legendary military glory, and this is the merit of the natives of small Ossetia. Felix Kireev

Your death: And again the order! How you zadolbali snitch, you want to pit everyone, and X you!

SATO: OF COURSE YOU ARE NOT ONLY A NATIONALIST BUT ALSO A SCITTER THE CHECHEN AND INGUSH WERE NOT WHEN TRAITORS AND THERE WERE NOT IN VLASOV'S ARMY YES WHAT TO TALK FOR THE PAST THE MOST IMPORTANT THING YOU ALREADY NOT FOR WHO IN THIS COUNTRY FOR A LONG TIME EVERYTHING THAT HAS BEEN ABRAMOVICHI AND THE KAISER ARMY, BETWEEN OTHER THINGS, THE CHECHENS AND INGUSH SHRINKED FROM WHICH YOU HAVE A CREATURE AND A SCITTER SUCH AS YOU DO NOT REPEAT HISTORY THE SHINING CREATURE

RUSTGEH: dear, have honor and patriotism and learn real history. And supposedly address your knowledge to the United States and take off for us to fight. this is advice, well, of course, if you are not a good luck provacator

Ilman: bullshit...