Summary of GCD in a speech therapy group preparatory to school
"Planets of the Solar System"
Compiled by teacher of the 1st qualification category Samarina E.F.
GBDOU No. 9 Pushkinsky district of St. Petersburg
Target:
Continue to enrich children's knowledge and expand their understanding of space;
Tasks:
Educational:
- To form elementary ideas about the Universe and consolidate knowledge about the planets of the solar system (their features, location relative to the Sun, orbits of motion) and about the first cosmonaut - Yu.A. Gagarin.
- Develop the ability to answer a detailed question;
- Strengthen the ability to combine movements and speech.
- Enrich children's vocabulary with the names of planets and space objects.
Educational:
- To develop children's interest in the astronaut profession and curiosity.
- Improve the ability to listen to a friend and not interrupt.
Educational:
- Encourage initiative and curiosity in order to consolidate acquired knowledge; development of coherent speech.
- To promote the development of: the skill of reading syllables and words, thinking, attention, memory, articulatory apparatus, creative imagination, ability to analyze.
Activate dictionary: space, outer space, solar system, orbit, meteorite.
Integration of educational activities:
Cognitive development;
Social-communicative;
Physical;
Speech.
Pedagogical technologies used:
Gaming;
Health-saving;
Personality-oriented;
Research activities;
Information and communication.
Preliminary work:
Examination of illustrations on the theme “Space”, conversation about space; viewing illustrations about space; drawing “Space Fantasy”, starry sky, reading poems and stories about space.
Materials and equipment:
Multimedia presentation; audio cassette “Great Space Journey”; cards with words with missing letters; flour, basin, small balls; sheets with images of “Martians”; sheets with numbers; envelopes from the game "Tangram" with a diagram of a rocket; sectional picture of the Earth; cards with gymnastics for language and physical exercises. Crossword.
GCD move:
Our conversation today is not entirely ordinary. So that you understand what we are going to talk about today, guess the key word. We will guess it by letter and write it in these cells:
In the third cell we write down the letter that is hidden in the word “DREAM”. In the word “sleep” this letter comes first.
In the sixth cell we write down the letter that is hidden in the word “SUCCESS”. In the word “success” the letter we need is in second place.
In the first cell we write down the letter that is hidden in the word “FAIRY TALE”. In this word this letter is in second place.
In the fifth cell we write down the letter that is in third place in the word “MOLE”.
In the fourth cell we write down the letter that comes last in the word “SUIT”.
In the second cell we write down the letter that is in fourth place in the word “LOA”.
Having completed this task, children read the keyword “SPACE”, thus determining the topic of the lesson.
Educator:
What are people who fly into space called?
Who was the first astronaut?(Portrait of Yu.A. Gagarin is projected)
Who was the first woman astronaut?(Portrait of V.N. Tereshkova is projected)
What do you have to be like to fly into space?
What is an astronaut suit called?(An image of a spacesuit is projected.)What functions does the spacesuit perform?(The suit protects against extreme cold in the shade and hot sun rays, maintains oxygen and is equipped with many pockets, each of which has its own purpose).
Guys, would you like to go on a virtual trip to the planets of the solar system today? Tell me, what does the virtual journey that we are going on now mean?
Educator: Right! This means that we must imagine how we fly on a space rocket to the planets of the solar system.
So, to fly into space you need to build... a rocket.(An image of a rocket is projected.)Let's be designers and engineers. Take the envelopes from the table and build a rocket according to the diagram(Tangram game, three difficulty levels).
Physical exercise.
"Flight to the Stars"
Takes flight
Our magical starship.(Children march with words)
Put on your spacesuits quickly!(Stop and imitate movements)
Take your seats quickly! ( Sit down)
We take off from the cosmodrome,(Stand up, raise your arms up through your sides and connect
We're flying straight to the stars! them over your head. Bouncing)
So, we are setting off on a space journey to the planets of the solar system. But first, let's do some gymnastics for our tongues. To give clear answers, we need to train our tongues.
Chu-chu-chu, I want to fly into space.
To them - to them - to them, we'll fly on a rocket.
Dy-duh-duh, we'll fly to the star.
Oh - oh - oh, then we'll return home.
What planets will we meet on our way?
(Mars, Venus, Mercury, Pluto, Saturn, Jupiter, Moon, Neptune).
Why are they called the planets of the solar system?(Because they all revolve around the Sun). And what is the Sun going to tell us...(An image of the Sun is projected)
The sun is the largest, brightest and hottest star. It is located at the center of our solar system. The sun is a huge ball of hot gases. It is so large that the Earth could easily fit inside the Sun a million times over. Planets and other celestial objects revolve around it. The sun distributes heat to its nearby planets. True, those planets that are very close to the Sun (Mercury and Venus) are very hot, and those that are further than Mars are very cold, because the warm rays almost do not reach them. The temperature on the Sun is very high and life is impossible there.
Educator:- Attention. Look out the windows, we are approaching the first planet of the solar system.(An image of the planet Mercury is projected.)What is it called? A story has been prepared for us about this planet... Mercury is the smallest and fastest planet in the solar system. It is located closest to the sun. There is no water or air on it, its surface is covered with dust, stones and craters. The planet is hot during the day and very cold at night.
Educator: Many meteorites fell on this planet. Do you know what a meteorite is? (A solid body falling to Earth from interplanetary space). (Image of a meteorite is projected). A collision with a meteorite creates a crater on the planet. Want to see how craters are formed?
Experience: “Meteorites and meteorite craters”
Educator: - Imagine that the flour is the surface of the planet, and the ball is a meteorite. A meteorite flies through space at tremendous speed and hits the surface of the planet. Look at what has formed on the surface of the planet - depressions, holes, craters. Guys, why did the crater form? (The meteorite is heavy, and the surface of the planet is soft, covered with a thick layer of dust, so the crater was formed).
Well done, you completed the task.
Our journey continues. We set course for the next planet. Which planet is next to Mercury? Tells us about Venus...(An image of Venus is projected.)
Venus is the second planet from the Sun. On it, like on Earth, there is an atmosphere, it is a kind of air shell. Only, unlike our earthly one, it consists not of oxygen, but mostly of carbon dioxide. Therefore, it is impossible to breathe on Venus, and it is very, very hot on its surface. There are always a lot of clouds around her. The entire surface of Venus is a hot rocky desert. So there are no plants, no animals, no bacteria there.
Educator: We’ll find out where we’ll fly next when we put together the picture.(Cut picture showing the Earth). (An image of the Earth is projected.)
What do you know about our planet?(Earth is the only planet on which life exists)
Why is there life on Earth?(There is water, air, suitable temperature)
What is the name of the Earth's satellite?
Educator: - Here is the fourth reddish planet from the Sun - Mars.(An image of the planet Mars is projected.)It has the highest mountains. People used to think that there were living beings on this planet, but they were wrong. There is very little oxygen on Mars.
Guys, look out the windows. What do we see?(A table with funny creatures is projected). Who do you think it is? Perhaps these are the inhabitants of the planet Mars - the Martians. They decided to play a game with you. You see, they live in a square house. Some of them hid. Let's find them. Determine which Martian is missing in each row.
- And now we will fly to the largest planet in the solar system. And he will tell us about her...(An image of the planet Jupiter is projected)
The largest, fifth planet in the solar system. Jupiter is made of gas and is called a gas giant. Storms and whirlwind winds constantly occur on its surface, and the planet itself, despite its size, rotates very quickly around its axis, like a top.
Educator: To fly further, we need to complete the task. Need to Fill in the missing letters in the names of the planets. (Children write and read)
VEN...RA
YUP...TER
MA...S
...LUTON
NEPT...N
When almost all the children have completed the task, a soundtrack of calm music is turned on.
Physical education minute:
What wonderful music it sounds, it is calm, slow, quiet. I just want to soar above the Earth, fly in outer space. In space there is weightlessness and all movements are smooth and slow. Let's imagine that we are in outer space. (To the accompaniment of slow music, children imitate the movements of astronauts in zero gravity).
Educator: - The sixth planet is Saturn.(An image of the planet Saturn is projected)
A poem about this planet was prepared for us...
"Saturn"
Each planet has something of its own,
What distinguishes her most clearly.
You will definitely recognize Saturn by sight
A large ring surrounds it.
It is not continuous, it is made up of different stripes.
Here's how scientists solved the question:
Once upon a time the water froze there,
And Saturn's rings of snow and ice.(Rimma Aldonina)
Educator: Neptune and Uranus are also giant planets, but not gas, but ice. He will tell you about the planet Uranus...(The planet Uranus is projected)
Uranus is a mysterious planet, the seventh in a row, which for unknown reasons lies on its side and rotates completely differently from other planets. Uranus has an unusual blue color and looks like a round ball with a smooth surface.
And he will tell you about the planet Neptune...(The planet Neptune is projected)
Neptune is an icy, very cold planet, the eighth in a row, located very far from the Sun, so the sun's rays almost do not reach the surface of this blue planet. Strong winds blow on Neptune and therefore the weather on it is not just winter, but by cosmic standards, completely cold, so that everything on it, even gas, turns into ice.
Yes, it is very cold here, much colder than at the South Pole, because the planet Neptune receives the least amount of sunlight. Are you cold? Show how cold you are. Let's “run” to the rocket before we freeze. But you need to “run” by numbers, in order from 1 to 10.(On the sheet, children connect the numbers from 1 to 10 with a line)
Pluto will tell you about...
Once upon a time, this planet was the ninth in a row and was part of the solar system, but it turned out that it was too small to be called a planet and is now called a dwarf planet and is not allowed to visit adult planets.(Perhaps Pluto is still just a baby and just needs to grow up).
Educator: Our virtual journey has ended, it’s time to return to our planet Earth.
And in conclusion we will tell a poem about the solar system:
"Solar system"
The planets dance around the Sun like children.
Mercury starts the whole round dance.
We meet the Earth next to the Moon,
And the fiery Mars that circles behind the Earth.
Behind them is Jupiter, the giant of all.
The last three are barely distinguishable.
Small and cold, but we can distinguish them:
Uranus, Neptune and little Pluto.(An image of the solar system is projected)
Educator: Did you enjoy our virtual trip? What did you like most? Which planet do you remember? Why? Would you like to become an astronaut? What's interesting about this profession?
Thank you for participating in the flight.
CROSSWORD "Solar system".
- A planet in the solar system, which in ancient times was called the “planet of war” for its red color.
- The farthest from the Sun and the smallest planet in the Solar System.
- Earth satellite.
- The second planet from the Sun in the Solar System, a neighbor of the Earth.
- What is the planet Saturn famous for?
- The largest planet in the solar system.
"Find the Martians who are hiding"
Summary of a lesson in the preparatory group on the topic:
"Solar system"
Goal: identifying the knowledge, skills and abilities of preparatory group students.
Tasks:
Develop the grammatical structure of speech: practice the formation of related words for the words “Space” and “Planet”, enrich the children’s vocabulary.
develop coherent speech, consolidate the ability to correctly construct a sentence.
* consolidate the ability to distinguish between “sound”, “syllable”, “word”, “sentence”;
* name words in a sentence, sounds and syllables in words in sequence.
* consolidate the ability to determine the place of sound in a word.
*practice in drawing up a sound diagram of a word, sound analysis of a word, a sentence diagram;
* consolidate the ability to analyze the shape of an object as a whole and its parts.
Cognition:
consolidate children's knowledge about space and astronauts.
* consolidate the ability to form words from letters,
*consolidate the skills of forward and backward counting within 20, the ability to solve simple arithmetic problems involving subtraction and addition;
*when deciding to use the action signs plus (+, minus (-) and the relation sign equals (=);
* clarify knowledge of famous geometric figures.
Foster independence and interest in the solar system.
Equipment: blue cardboard, yellow, red, orange, black, purple, brown, green, white circles; soft modules; a set of “Nature” pictures, a sentence diagram for each child, images on the screen, recording on a voice recorder, space music.
Progress of the lesson:
Hello, friend, (offer your hand to the child on the right)
Hello, my friend! (offer your hand to the child on the left)
Hurry up and join me in a circle!
Let's smile and say, "Hello!"
To the sun: "Hello!"
To all guests: "Hello!"
Guys, you hear some strange sound. This is an SOS signal. Someone is asking for help. Let's listen carefully.
Before the New Year holidays, an SOS message was received that the Galaxy was in danger. Space pirates want to capture all the planets of the solar system. An incredible thing happened in space: all the planets of the solar system left their orbits and huddled together. I'm off course and can't get back to Earth. Your help is urgently needed: it is necessary to put the planets in their places to restore order in the solar system. If you are not afraid of difficulties, then rush to help. A lost astronaut asks you for help.
“Guys, what are we going to do? Shall we help?
Children: “Yes! Let's help! "
Tell me how many planets there are in the solar system? (9)
Name them? (children call).
Guys, what can you use to fly into outer space?
Let's build a spaceship ourselves. To do this, you will need to position the number line correctly. Let's start building the ship. (We are building a ship from soft modules).
Game “Assemble a whole from parts.” (rocket)
Guys, to become an astronaut, you need to be a very educated and healthy person. You need to undergo special training.
You are ready? (Yes).
Raise your right hand up; squat 4 times and jump 1 time less; make 3 claps more than the number 5 you see.
I propose to take seats in the spaceship.
Attention, we announce readiness No. 1.
Are all systems working properly? (Yes)
Start counting from 10 to 0. (children count)
Start! Our rocket rises high (cosmic music sounds, 1 slide on the screen).
In order to quickly get into space, we need to pass the password. If you answer all the questions correctly, we'll be in space almost immediately."
Game "Fourth wheel"
1. Sun, Venus, Earth, Africa.
2. Rocket, satellite, lunar rover, boat.
3. Comet, meteorite, star, globe.
4. Astronaut, astronomer, astrologer, cosmonaut.
5. Star, planet, galaxy, telescope.
6. Sea, river, lake, desert.
7. Start, launch, takeoff, spacesuit.
8. Brave, decisive, angry, courageous.
9. Rocket, satellite, lunar rover, bus.
10. Mars, Venus, Jupiter, Moscow.
You have successfully passed the first test.
Here we are in space. Guys, the path to the stray planets will not be easy. Many obstacles await us. To overcome them, we must be extremely attentive and smart. Here comes the first obstacle.”
Game “Nature or not?”
Guys, there are pictures and envelopes in front of you. Take the pictures and look at them carefully. Select those pictures that relate to nature and put them in an envelope, and leave the rest on the tables. (Children distribute pictures)
Now I suggest you check how you did. Why do you think these pictures relate to nature? What kind of nature is there? What is living nature and why?
Generalization: nature is that which is not created by man.
Well done boys! You were extremely attentive and quickly dealt with the first obstacle.
Here comes the next obstacle. We need to come up with related words for the words “Space” and “Planet”.
Game "Family" (With a ball)
Children select related words for the word “Space” - astronaut, cosmic, cosmodrome, astronautics. By the way, “Planet” means alien, planetarium, interplanetary.
Well done guys, you coped well with the second obstacle. Now a more difficult obstacle awaits you.
Game "Make a proposal"
The teacher offers the children sentences in which all the words have been swapped, and construct correct sentences. Proposal outline.
Words: in, astronaut, rocket, flies; stars, on, shine, sky; in, ship, flight, departs, space; falls, from, comet, sky, tailed.
Well done boys! And now there’s another, more difficult obstacle: we need to help move the numbers into their houses. Fix the composition of the number.
Educator: “Well done, guys! Now you can relax a little and have fun!
Outdoor game "Stargazer"
There lived an astrologer on the moon - (“Looking” through a telescope)
He kept track of the planets: (Point to the sky with his hand)
Mercury - once, (Describe a circle with your hands)
Venus-two-s, (Cotton)
Three - earth, four - Mars, (Sit down)
Five - Jupiter, six - Saturn, (Tilt right-left)
Seven - Uranus, eight - Neptune, (Lean forward, bend back)
If you don't see it, get out! The astrologer walks inside the circle, the children holding hands walk in the opposite direction. The astrologer stops between the children, takes off his hat and says” 1.2.3. run” the children run in opposite directions, whoever puts on his hat first becomes an astrologer. (2-3 r)
Well done boys! You have completed very difficult tasks! And here are the lost planets!
Guys, it's time to complete our main task. Let's arrange the planets, each in its place.
Didactic exercise “Let’s arrange the planets of the solar system”
The Sun is in the center, mark it with a yellow circle. To the left of it is the planet Mercury, mark it with a green circle, to the right is Uranus - it is black, above the Sun is Jupiter - an orange circle, under the Sun is Saturn - a purple circle, in the upper right corner is Neptune - a brown circle, in the lower right corner we see the Earth - a blue circle, in the upper left corner is the planet Venus - a white circle, in the lower left corner is the planet Mars - a red circle.
Well done! All planets were returned to the solar system
Well, that's all, guys, it's time for us to return home to Earth. But in order to quickly return to Earth, we must complete the last task: pass the password to exit out of space.
Passing the password to return from space
The stars have scattered and gotten mixed up in the sky, you need to quickly collect them and return them to outer space. Now, turning them over, let's see what happened. Who can read it? Children take turns laying out the cards in reverse order, from 12 to 1, the teacher asks them to close their eyes and count out loud from 12 to 1. While they are counting with their eyes closed, change the slide with letters to the letter side. Children open their eyes and read the password “Cosmonautics”.
What a long word and how unusually written! Some of the letters are red, some are blue, and one is green!
What would that mean? (Vowels are always indicated in red, hard consonants in blue, and soft consonants in green.)
How many syllables are in the word “Cosmonautics”? (Five syllables).
How did you guess? (The number of vowels in a word equals the number of syllables).
Absolutely right! You have given the correct answer.
A phonogram of cosmic music sounds, children “return” from space.
Here we are again at home, on Earth, in our favorite kindergarten.
Reflection.
Tell me guys, was it difficult for you in space? (No, it’s not difficult at all, but interesting)
Why did we fly into space?
What interesting things do you remember?
There are footsteps in the corridor
Employee: “Sorry, they asked me to tell you.”
Hands out a telegram and a small parcel. The parcel contains “Presidential Decree”, medals “To the Young Cosmonaut”.
Telegram? I wonder from whom?
Reads aloud: “Dear guys! A lost astronaut is writing to you. Thank you so much for your help! You have committed a heroic act: now there is complete order in space - all the planets are in their places, and I have returned safely to my native Earth. Your friend, the Lost Cosmonaut."
Do you see that, guys? This means that our efforts were not in vain! Oh! What is it? It seems like a presidential decree!
It reads: “For their courage, heroism, ingenuity, and the ability to come to the rescue, the children of preparatory group MBDOU No. 112 are awarded “Young Cosmonaut” medals.”
Well, that's all, my young cosmonauts, our space journey is over! Thank you all for your participation."
Integration of educational areas: cognition, communication.
Target: systematize knowledge about the structure of the solar system.
Developmental tasks:
1. Develop imagination, fantasy, logical thinking by creating a problem situation, the ability to find a pattern.
2. Develop dialogical speech (express and prove your point of view).
3. Develop fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination.
4. Develop memory, auditory attention.
5. Learn to navigate on a plane, act according to verbal instructions.
6. Develop coherent speech.
7. Develop the ability to solve riddles.
8. Develop a general outlook.
9. Arouse interest in outer space.
Educational objectives:
1. Expand knowledge about celestial bodies (work with a map of the solar system, a story about space, the planet).
2. Expand your vocabulary (star, solar system, planet, meteorite).
3. Reinforcing the naming of geometric shapes: triangle, square, circle, rectangle, trapezoid, oval.
4. Practice counting within 10 (20).
5. Practice the correct use of prepositions and case endings in children’s speech.
6. Exercise children’s ability to highlight a given preposition in a sentence.
Educational tasks:
1. Include each child in activities and create a favorable atmosphere in the group (creating a positive emotional background, a mood for joint activities).
2. Develop communication skills in children (a sense of belonging, cohesion, group feeling) to demonstrate the ability to listen to others, goodwill, a sense of camaraderie, and volitional regulation of behavior.
Progress of the lesson
I. Organizational moment.
Educator: Guys, many guests came to our lesson today. Let's say hello to them.
Children: Hello.
II. Emotional tuning.
Educator: Guys, what is your mood today?
Children: Good, joyful, cheerful.
Educator: Let's hold hands and convey our good mood to each other.
All the children gathered in a circle.
I am your friend and you are my friend.
Let's hold hands tighter
And let's smile at each other.
and take their seats.
Educator: Guys, today I received an unusual letter by email! (read by a child).
Earthlings help! Our planets have left their orbits. We are waiting for your help,
To help us, we need to travel into space and visit the planets of the solar system!
Educator: I suggest you go with me to the planets of the solar system. I’ll take an old carriage, harness a couple of strong horses into it, and we’ll rush off. Do you think we'll finish the meal? (no, why?
Then I suggest driving the fastest car. Do you think we’ll finish the meal? (no) why?
Educator: So what will we fly on? (on a rocket). Why exactly a rocket? (children's answer) Let's find out how many stages our rocket has. To find out, you need to divide the word rocket into syllables. How many syllables? (3 syllables).
Educator: But in order for our rocket to take off, we need to start it.
The teacher conducts gymnastics with the children:
Start the engines (rotate your arms in front of your chest)
Connect the contacts (fingertips)
Prepare to launch the rocket (sit down)
Start! (jump sharply and raise your hands).
Music (arrival in space)
1. MERCURY
Educator: Attention. Look out the windows, which planet are we approaching? (children read the name on the slide)
Guys, what do you know about the planet Mercury?
Well done! Mercury is the fastest planet in the solar system. The planet is hot during the day and freezing rain occurs at night. And yesterday many meteorites fell on my planet.
Educator: Do you know what a meteorite is?
He suggests watching an experiment with stones of different sizes falling into a dish with sand and leaving holes (craters) on the surface from the impact.
Educator: Why are the craters so different? (depending on what height the meteorite fell from). Well done, you completed the task. Our journey continues. We set course for the Next Planet.
2. VENUS
Educator: What planet have we arrived on? (read the Venus slide). What do you know about this planet?
Children's answers.
Educator: This is the hottest planet. Surrounded by a dense atmosphere rich in sulfur dioxide.
Will we land on the planet? Why?
Educator: Guys, in order to continue your journey, you need to complete the task.
What fabulous space creatures fly around Venus? (aliens)
Look at the pictures and find differences in the depiction of aliens.
Educator: Well done! Let's move on.
3. EARTH
Educator: We are flying past (over) our planet. What is the name of the planet we live on? (Earth).How is it different from other planets? (there is life, oxygen, water, plants, animals).
Oh guys, there's a guest on our rocket. If you guess my riddle, you will find out who this guest is.
The teacher asks a riddle.
Moved by the flower
All four petals.
I wanted to rip it off -
He took off and flew away. (Butterfly)
(Prepare flowers).
Game "Flower Glade".
Educator: Where should we place our butterfly? (On a flower). If a butterfly wants to eat, where will it find nectar? (On a flower). When the warm sun comes out, where will she fly? (Above the flower). A cold wind will blow, where will she hide? (Under the flower).
Educator: Well done! We set course for the next planet.
4. MARS
Educator: What is it called? (Mars).
Guys, do you know what this planet was called before? (Planet of War) right.
It has a large amount of iron and is covered with red-orange sand. It is located in the 4th orbit from the sun. There are volcanoes on its surface, the largest of which is called Olympus.
Word game:(1, 3, 5)
Satellite, rocket, astronaut, comet, planet, star.
Educator: Well done! Our journey continues.
5. JUPITER
Educator: We flew to the planet (Jupiter). What do you know about this planet?
Children's answers.
Educator: This is the largest planet in the solar system. Two and a half times more massive than all the planets combined. There is no solid surface on the planet. It consists of poisonous gases, so it is impossible to live there. In order for us to choose the right path, we need to arrange the stars in order (from 1 to 20). Well done!
Educator: We are setting a course for the Next planet (Saturn).
6. SATURN
Educator: What do you know about this planet?
It is located in the 6th orbit from the Sun. There are rings around the planet. Its surface consists of liquid and gas. Saturn is surrounded by rings, they consist of fragments of ice and rocks.
Guys, look, aliens sent us messages, the letters are mixed up, let's try to solve them. (scheme of drawings)
Educator: Well done!
7. URANIUS
Educator: Uranus is one of the furthest planets from the sun and therefore the coldest. It was discovered only 200 years ago, and it lies on its side because it once experienced a collision. The planet is shrouded in clouds and has several rings.
Antonyms game: there are different planets:
Far and near
Cold and warm
Big and small
Hard and soft
Heavy - light
8. NEPTUNE
Educator: Neptune is a dark blue planet on which winds from poisonous clouds always blow. Clouds are made of ice crystals. Neptune has 8 satellites.
You guys have already said that fabulous aliens fly in space. Let's now each of you turn into a space hero.
Music (dance freely according to their choice).
Educator: To take off you need to solve riddles. Ready: (pictures in the book)
To equip the eye
And be friends with the stars,
To see the Milky Way
We need a powerful….telescope.
Telescope for hundreds of years
Study the life of planets
He will tell us everything
smart uncle...astronomer
Astronomer - he is a stargazer
Knows everything inside out
Only visible best
There's a full moon in the sky
A bird can't reach the moon
Fly and land on the moon
But he can do it
Make a fast…rocket
The rocket has a driver
Zero gravity lover
In English: astronaut
And in Russian...cosmonaut.
9. PLUTO
Educator: Guys, now the most distant planet awaits us - What is it called (Pluto). We're getting closer. Do you think this planet is cold or warm?
Children: This is a very cold planet.
Educator: Why do you think? The planet is very far from the sun and it is very small.
Guys, let's give the inhabitants of this planet a star so that it can warm them. To do this, you need to solve the crossword puzzle and find out the name of the encrypted star: (star-SUN)
1. Planet of the Solar System, which in ancient times was called the “planet of war” for its red color (MARS)
2. The farthest from the sun and the smallest planet in the solar system (PLUTO)
3. Earth satellite (MOON)
4. The second planet from the sun in the solar system, Earth’s neighbor (VENUS)
5.What is the planet Saturn famous for (RING)
Educator: Well done. But to get back home we need to fill the rocket with stardust, let's take some stars out of the sky. In order for there to be enough stardust to fly home, you need 6 stars, we have already taken 3. How many more stars do we need to take? (correctly 3 stars). The teacher removes stars from the star map, giving the children the opportunity to count them.
The rocket is fueled, the route is determined. Let's sit in the special astronaut chairs. Let's close our eyes and together start counting from 10 to 0.
Countdown.
Educator: Welcome back to planet Earth. Guys, an alarm has sounded, fragments of an asteroid are approaching our planet. (Do you know what an asteroid is)
I invite the children to come to the table and see what is there. There is a Whatman paper on the table with the Sun glued to it.
Educator: What's missing? (planets) We will be saved if we place the planets in their orbits in the correct order.
Children glue the planets corresponding to the number.
Did you enjoy space travel?
Children's answers.
Educator: What planets have you been to? (Musical slide)
Children name all the planets in order.
Any of you can name:
One - Mercury
Two - Venus
Three - Earth
Four – Mars
Five – Jupiter
Six – Saturn
Seven – Uranus
Behind him is Neptune
He is the eighth in a row
And then after him
And the ninth planet
Called Pluto.
Educator: Well done. I know that you have shown yourself to be brave and friendly guys.
Summary of direct educational activities with preschoolers of the preparatory group
Topic: planets of the solar system
Integration of educational areas: “Cognition”, “Socialization”, “Communication”
Tasks:
- expand children’s understanding of space and planets (cognition);
- to develop skills of cooperation, mutual understanding, goodwill, independence, individuality (communication);
- encourage children to participate in a play situation together with adults (socialization)
Methods and techniques:
- practical (experiments, observation)
- visual (showing a presentation, solar system)
- verbal (questions, explanations)
Materials and equipment: globe, illustrations on the theme “Space”, multimedia installation, computer, plasticine, model of the solar system.
Progress of the lesson
The children are playing, the teacher comes in, and in his hand is a magic box, in this box there is a globe.
Educator: Guys, look what I brought you, what do you think is in the box? Children offer options.
Educator: Oh, let's see what's there!? What is this?!
Children offer options (globe, ball, earth)
Educator: This is a model of the earth - a globe. Do you know that we live on one of the planets called Earth, but do you want to know what planets exist in space?
The teacher invites you to sit down at the chairs and turns on the presentation.
All outer space is infinite. There are many different galaxies there. Our galaxy is called the Milky Way and it looks like this. (Slide show)
Educator:
At the center of our galaxy is the solar system (slide show)
Educator: the biggest star is the sun. (Slide show) 9 planets revolve around the sun.
Now let's look at the sun. What does the sun give us?
Children: warmth, light.
Educator: The sun emits light and heat like an electric light bulb.
(The teacher turns on the lamp - “Sun”, asks the children to take turns bringing their hand closer and removing it.)
– What can you say about this?
Children's answers
Teacher, let's look at all the planets in order.
(Slide show.)
The first planet, the smallest in the entire solar system. This is Mercury, it is located closest to the sun, which means it is the hottest and the hottest.
The second planet, completely covered with clouds, is Venus. It's also very hot there.
What kind of planet do you think this is? Children's answers (earth)
The next planet appears red and is visible in the sky as a reddish star. People used to think that there were living beings on this planet, but they were wrong. This is the planet Mars.
The fifth planet is the largest - Jupiter. It consists of liquid and gas.
The next planet shows rings that surround it. This is Saturn. Rings are frozen particles of dust and gases.
And these are the planets farthest from the Sun, which means they are very cold. People know very little about these planets. Uranus is the seventh from the Sun and the coldest planet. This is the first planet to be found using a telescope, and also the only planet in the solar system that revolves around the Sun "lying on its side."
Neptune is the eighth and most distant planet in the solar system. Neptune is dark blue because it is surrounded by gas - methane. And white clouds float above the planet, and the most distant Pluto. Pluto is not a full-fledged planet, but belongs to the group of dwarf planets. There is practically no sunlight there, so Pluto is very cold.
Now we have looked at the structure of the solar system. Think and tell me what the solar system is
Children's answers.
Educator: The solar system is our home, in which the planets are located.
Let's play solar system, repeat with me...
The teacher takes hats made in the shape of planets and distributes them to the children.
All the planets in order
Any of us can name:
One - Mercury, puts on a hat.
Two - Venus, puts on a hat.
Three - Earth, puts on a hat.
Four - Mars, puts on a hat.
Five - Jupiter, puts on a hat.
Six - Saturn, puts on a hat.
Seven-Uranus, puts on a hat. Behind him is Neptune, putting on his hat.
He is the eighth in a row.
And after him, then,
And the ninth planet
Under the name Pluto puts on a hat.
Educator I will be the Sun and you will be the planets, respectively. Let's build the Solar system one, two, three. These lines will be your orbits along which you will move; if you do not follow these lines, you may collide with each other. Begin! The children take their places to the music.
Well, we’ve played, and now we’ll consolidate the idea of the solar system. Look what kind of disk I have. What does he look like? Children answer
Educator: In the solar system, I was the sun. I’ll take a ball, put a flag on top and I’ll put it... Where should I put it? To the center... And now you yourself... Children arrange the planets.
Educator: What is the name of a person who flies into space?
Children: Cosmonaut
Educator: Okay, and in April, what holiday will it be?
April 12 is Cosmonautics Day. For the first time in the world, cosmonaut Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin successfully flew around the Earth on the Vostok spacecraft (portrait showing). We'll look at Cosmonautics Day in more detail next week, but for now you can ask moms and dads, and look in books about this holiday.
Target: Systematize knowledge about the structure of the solar system.
Tasks:
Educational:
Clarify children's knowledge about the structure of the solar system: the sizes of the planets, their location in relation to the Sun, some features.
Educational:
Develop attention, memory, thinking.
Form a cognitive attitude towards the world.
Expand your horizons.
Educators:
To evoke in children a sense of compassion and a desire to help those who find themselves in difficult situations,
Activating the dictionary: Solar system, Universe, planets: Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto; orbit, solar gravity.
Equipment: pictures (emblems) of the sun and planets of the solar system, presentation about the solar system, small bucket and balls,
Preliminary work:
Conversation about the structure of the solar system;
Introduction to the concepts of the Universe, space;
Examination of illustrations, encyclopedias, videos about the planets;
Learning poems about planets;
Conversation about planets and their main characteristics;
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Preview:
Summary of direct educational activities in the senior group “Planets of the Solar System”
Target: Systematize knowledge about the structure of the solar system.
Tasks:
Educational:
Clarify children's knowledge about the structure of the solar system: the sizes of the planets, their location in relation to the Sun, some features.
Educational:
Develop attention, memory, thinking.
Form a cognitive attitude towards the world.
Expand your horizons.
Educators:
To evoke in children a sense of compassion and a desire to help those who find themselves in difficult situations,
Activating the dictionary:Solar system, Universe, planets: Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto; orbit, solar gravity.
Equipment: pictures (emblems) of the sun and planets of the solar system, presentation about the solar system, small bucket and balls,
Preliminary work:
Conversation about the structure of the solar system;
Introduction to the concepts of the Universe, space;
Examination of illustrations, encyclopedias, videos about the planets;
Learning poems about planets;
Conversation about planets and their main characteristics;
Move.
Educator. Guys, today I received an unusual letter “Electronic” (slide 2). And your favorite cartoon character Luntik wrote to us (slide 3).
Luntik . Hello guys! I flew to you from the “planet” Moon. I want to go on a space trip, but I just can’t get ready for the trip. Help me please?
Educator . Guys, please tell me, is the Moon a planet?
Children . No. This is a satellite of the earth.
Educator . Guys, I think Luntik knows very little about space and he really needs help. Shall we help him?
Children . Yes.
Educator . Can you guess the riddle?
The rocket has a driver
Zero gravity lover,
In English: "astronaut"
And the Prussians………….(Slide4)
Children . Astronaut
Educator . Who was the first astronaut on the planet? (children's answers) (slide 5)
What do you think an astronaut should be like? (brave, decisive, skillful, know a lot, hardy, dexterous, friendly, kind, healthy, strong, intelligent, patient, well-mannered, etc.)
Educator . What was the name of the ship on which Yu.A. Gagarin went into space? ("East")
Educator . You know so much about space. Would you like to make a space journey yourself? (children's answers). I invite you to go on a space journey. Let's do some astronaut exercises.
Physical exercise "Cosmonauts"
We will try very hard (children make jerks with bent arms in front of their chest)
Play sports together:
Run fast like the wind (Run on tiptoes)
Swimming is the best thing in the world. (Make hand strokes)
Squat and get up again (Squat)
And lift dumbbells. (Straighten bent arms up)
Let's become strong and tomorrow
We will all be accepted as astronauts! (Hands on belt)
D/I “Getting ready for space” (slate 6).
Didactic task: to consolidate children’s knowledge about space, about the peculiarities of the life and work of astronauts in connection with being in airless space.
Children choose objects that they will take with them into space (Rocket, spacesuit, telescope, astronaut food and map).
Educator . Guys, look carefully. This is a map of the Earth (slide 11). Will we need it in space? (children's answers). We need to take a map of the solar system. Look, what happened to our card? What do you see on the maps? (stars, orbits)
- What is an orbit? (the path the planets take around the sun)
- Why don’t the planets collide with each other when revolving around the sun? (planets rotate in their orbits)
Educator. Let's do an experiment.
This ball is a planet, if you put it in a bucket, then it... .,
And if we spin the bucket, the ball does not fall, just like the planets.
What helps the Sun hold up the entire solar system. If the planets do not move, the entire system will fall apart, and this eternal movement will not operate.
Educator . What's missing from your maps? (salt licks and planets)
Let's start the task. We will travel to the planets of the solar system and make a map.
Educator . What will we use to go into space? (on a rocket)
Physical exercise “Rocket” (slide 12)
And now you and I, children, are flying away on a rocket.
Rise up onto your toes, and then put your hands down.
One, two, three, four - the rocket is flying upward.
Educator . Attention! We are approaching the first object.
Educator: Ours children know a lot about planets and will be happy to tell you, Luntik, about them.
D/I “MAP OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM”
Didactic task: to consolidate children’s knowledge about space, the structure of the solar system, the planets of the solar system and their features.
Children take turns taking pictures of planets and attaching them to the appropriate places on the layout. The “Sun” is in the center, the rest of the “planets” are each in their own orbit.
First child:
Someone in the morning slowly
Inflates a yellow balloon.
How will he let go of his hands?
It will suddenly become light all around.(Slide 13)
I, the Sun, am the brightest and largest star, the center of the solar system. My surface is hot. Nine planets revolve around me and receive light and heat from me.
Second child: (Slide 14)
Mercury is the planet closest to the Sun,
It is flooded with rays of hot light
He gets so many rays
That this other planet is hot.
Educator. Mercury is smaller than our planet, its surface is rocky, and there is no atmosphere.Why do you think it is very hot on this planet? (because it is near the Sun).Do you think there is life on this planet?Complete the task, place Mercury on the map. What orbit is Mercury in?
Educator. Attention, attention, we are approaching the most beautiful planet in the solar system.
Third child: (Slide 15)
In honor of the goddess of beauty
Named, Venus, you.
You're flying in the clouds
You illuminate with beauty.
Educator: Venus glows like a rock crystal crystal and seems very beautiful! That's why she was named after the goddess of beauty, Venus.
The surface of Venus is rocky, so it is yellow-brown in color. This planet has an atmosphere, but it consists of carbon dioxide, so people and animals cannot live there. Find Venus and place it on the map. (children complete the task)
Fourth child:(Slide 16)
There is one planet - a garden
In this cold space.
Only here the forests are noisy,
Calling migratory birds.
It's the only one they bloom on
Lilies of the valley in the green grass,
And dragonflies are only here
They look into the river in surprise...
Educator. Can you guess what planet this is?(Earth)
- Why is it blue? (this air is blue)
- Can our planet be called alive? Why?
Educator. We admired our planet a little, and the spaceship is already approaching the next planet.
Fifth child: (Slide 17)
I am Mars.
They're circling over the red planet
Stones, fear and horror
There is no mountain anywhere in the world
Higher than here on the planet.
Educator: There is no life on Mars.Mars is a desert covered in orange-red sand. Put Mars on our maps.
PHYSICAL MINUTE:
Our journey is very long. And what would a trip be without going into outer space? Do you want to visit outer space? Check your spacesuits. Remember that all movements in space are smooth, a person does not walk there, but swims, flies, moves very slowly. (children move to the music)
Attention, attention, we are returning to the ship. Take your seats.
Our crew is approaching the largest planet. (slide 14)
Sixth child: (Slide 18)
Jupiter is larger than all the planets
But there is no life on the planet.
Liquid hydrogen everywhere
And bitter cold all year round.
Educator. Jupiter is 11 times larger than the earth - it is simply giant.
Find this planet.
In what orbit is Jupiter located?
Seventh child:(Slide 19)
You will certainly recognize Saturn by sight,
A large ring surrounds it.
Once upon a time the water froze there,
And Saturn's rings of snow and ice.
Educator. Saturn is a beautiful planet
with rings of stones and ice
What orbit will you place them in?
Educator: Crew, attention, we are approaching the next planet!
Eighth child:(Slide 20)
I am Uranus.
I've been around for ages
Among the Roman brothers is a Greek,
And through space melancholy
I rush, lying on my side.
Educator: Uranus is the only planet that rotates on its side. Such a couch potato!
Get ready... Our journey continues.
Ninth child:(Slide 21)
I am Neptune.
On the planet blue-blue
The wind is blowing very strong.
The year on it is very long -
Winter lasts 40 years.
Educator: Neptune appears blue because it is surrounded by methane gas.
Attention all crew members, our journey is coming to an end and we are approaching the last planet.
What is it called? (Pluto)
Tenth child:(Slide 22)
I am Pluto.
It takes 5 hours for the light to
Fly to this planet
And that's why I
Not visible through telescopes!
Educator: Pluto is the most distant planet from the Sun. This is a very small and coldest planet in the solar system. Place the last planet on your map.
Educator: Look, we did it and made a map of the solar system. Compare your maps to the solar system.
Educator: Now the crew of our spaceship must return to Earth, but our path home is not close.
And while we fly to our planet. Let's remember what you learned and remembered on today's interplanetary journey. Answer the questions.
How many planets are there in the solar system?
What is the name of the planet closest to the sun?
Which planet is the smallest?
Which is the biggest?
Which planet has rings around it?
Name a habitable planet in the solar system?
Well done, you answered all the questions and made wonderful maps that our friend Luntik can use to travel. I will definitely send Lunti a map of the “Solar System” today (slide 23).
