In Goncharov's novel, several types of ideal people are deduced.

In the first part of the novel, we see a sloth lying on a sofa in a dusty room. And, of course, we cannot say that Oblomov is the ideal man. He does not live in harmony with his consciousness, with his heart and with the outside world.

Stoltz is another matter. 11a against the background of the motionless and constantly lying Oblomov, Stolz is an ideal. He is in constant motion, does not stop at something achieved. He achieved everything himself and from a poor boy turned into a successful businessman. Such a person will never be superfluous for society. Already in the Stolz-child one could see the Stolz of today. He is a harmonious personality, which was facilitated by his upbringing. His German father taught him to work and achieve everything on his own, and his mother brought up spirituality in him.

Unlike Oblomov, in Stolz reason, consciousness and coldness prevail over feelings, the heart. Oblomov is a dreamer, but Stolz does not like and is afraid to dream. Therefore, it is ideal only from the point of view of the new society. Stolz is a sober-minded person, but there is no poetry or romance in him. And this already speaks of some "inferiority", that not in everything this person can serve as a role model.

Moreover, we cannot call Oblomov's ideal. Especially when you first meet him. But suddenly - a miracle! Olga appeared. And we no longer recognize the former Oblomov, because his true soul finally wakes up in him. Oblomov the sloth turns into Oblomov moving, wanting to live, to sing, into Oblomov the poet. At this moment, perhaps, the Stolz-ideal ceases to exist for us and the Oblomov-ideal appears. We begin to see not a sloth, but a great creator, poet, writer. But now Oblomov is overwhelmed only with feelings that are ready to splash out at any moment, consciousness has ceased to exist in him. And again, we cannot say that Oblomov is an absolute ideal. Perhaps only by connecting Stolz and Oblomov, you can get what Olga is looking for.

Separately, Stolz and Oblomov can also be perfect, but from different points of view. The problem of these two ideals, on the one hand, is that Stolz restrains his feelings too much, and on the other hand, that Oblomov, on the contrary, cannot restrain his feelings and his passions.

Another heroine of the novel, who claims to be ideal, is Olga. I think that Olga is the real ideal. Both feelings and consciousness are balanced in her, although she is closer to Oblomov than to Stolz. Olga is almost perfect, and therefore it is to her that Goncharov transfers the role of an educator and preacher. She must awaken the real Oblomov. For a moment, she succeeds. But Olga constantly wants something new, she constantly has to transform, create. For her, the main thing is duty. She saws her purpose in re-educating Oblomov.

Olga, unlike Oblomov and Stolz, will never calm down, she is constantly moving, she cannot stand still. Perhaps Olga's problem is her incessant movement. She herself does not know what she wants, does not know her ultimate goal, but strives for it.

From everything written, we can conclude that, in fact, all the main characters of the novel are ideal. But they are perfect in every way. In Oblomov - the ideal of a poet, in Stolz - the ideal of a sober-minded person, in Olga - the ideal of a person who is aware of his duty. Oblomov is ideal for Pshenitsyna and Oblomovka. And Stolz and Olga are ideal for society. A harmonious personality is not Stolz, not Oblomov, not Olga in isolation. That's all of them put together.

1. Love as a test of "Oblomov".

2. Relationships of heroes: Olga, Stolz, Oblomov, Lgafya Matveevna.

« Oblomov"- too large and diverse novel to discuss it in only one vein. As a rule, Oblomov is remembered when talking about such a phenomenon as “Oblomovism”. I wanted to show this hero from a slightly different side, to prove that there were feelings in his life, and among them - such a beautiful thing as love.

Oblomov constantly struggles with himself throughout his life, and obstacles and difficulties arise all the time on his way: from worldly irritating in their absurdity - to get out of bed or not to get out of bed, whether to move out of the apartment or stay, to universal, philosophical - “to be or not to be". And among all the difficulties that Oblomov had to endure, love comes first.

"God! - exclaimed Oblomov. Why does she love me? Why do I love her? ... "

The whole novel is filled with love, and not just the life of one Oblomov. This wonderful feeling, inaccessible to the human mind, comes to everyone - to Olga, to Stolz, and to Agafya Matveevna. An interesting fact is that Goncharov turns the love of each hero into a test. None of them is given it easily and simply.

The red line in the novel is the relationship between Olga Ilyinskaya and Oblomov. Stolz brings her to the house of Ilya Ilyich as salvation - the hope that Oblomov will finally wake up from endless lying on his side, he will want to breathe in life to the fullest, not only to feel, but also to feel it. Indeed, Olga greatly changes Oblomov.

Some time after meeting Ilyinskaya, Ilya Ilyich becomes different: “no sleep, no fatigue, no boredom on his face”, “you can’t see a bathrobe on him”, “sits with a book or writes.” Olga touches him to the very depths of his soul, engenders in him such feelings, the existence of which he could not even think. He "only wakes up in the morning, the first image in the imagination is the image of Olga." Now Oblomov can rightfully be called a happy person: there is love in his life, and this love is mutual. After all, it is because of unrequited love that so many tragedies unfold in the world. However, "love became stricter, more demanding, began to turn into some kind of duty." It no longer pleases, but rather overshadows. The hero does not carry it in himself as a priceless gift, but drags it like bulky luggage. Oblomov comes to the conclusion that "love is a difficult school of life." Ilya Ilyich spends many hours thinking about his relationship with Olga and sums it up: “I am stealing someone else's! I am a thief!

Oil writes a passionate, soulful letter to his beloved: “Farewell, angel, fly away soon, like a frightened bird flies from the branch where it landed by mistake ...”

Why Oblomov how fiercely rejects this feeling, for which many fight, dream about it, strive for it? Why does he reject Olga?

“She fell in love with an honest, intelligent and developed man, but weak, not used to living; she recognized his good and bad sides and decided to make every effort to | warm him with the energy that I felt in myself. She thought that the power of love would revive him, instill in him a desire for activity and give him the opportunity to apply!:, to de-iy abilities that had dozed off from long inactivity. Olga mistook the momentary outburst of feeling on the part of the person she loved for a real awakening of energy; she saw her power over him and hoped to lead him forward on the path of self-improvement ”- this is how Dmitry Ivanovich Pisarev explains Oblomov’s behavior.

Ilya Ilyich begins to doubt the sincerity of Olga-puffed feelings, he does not want to be a participant in a kind of experiment. And somewhere deep inside myself Oblomov understands that he will not find in Olga what he is looking for in a woman: she is not the ideal that he draws in his thoughts. And Olga is disappointed. After all, love is always self-sacrifice. And Ilya Ilyich is not able to bring himself to the altar of sincere, strong passions. “I thought that I would revive you, that you could still live for me, but you died a long time ago,” Olga says to Oblomov.

Fate sends the main character a great gift, real happiness, but at the same time a difficult test, and only love can become both for us at the same time. Ilya Ilyich begins the fight against Oblomovism, and the battlefield unfolds within himself, and this is always the most difficult. Oblomov loses to himself, he is unable to overcome his upbringing, his own character, way of life. He gives up. And a void gapes inside him - before physical death comes spiritual: "The heart was killed: there, for a while, life calmed down." In my opinion, spiritual death is much more terrible than physical. This kind of death does not allow a person to be reborn in the hearts of those who once truly loved him.

Many years later, Oblomov finds the ideal to which he "always aspired: a woman appears in his life who brings peace. This is Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna. It would seem that now Ilya Ilyich can feel happy. But there is no love thrill, sweet excitement, tears Why does he hide from his friends, as if embarrassed by his new betrothed, why does he bequeath to them the care of his son? Oblomov returns to the origins, "he looked at his real life, as a continuation of the same Oblomov existence."

After the death of Oblomov, everything in the life of Agafya Matveevna changes: she remains alone, her son Andrei is brought up by the Stoltsev. It seems that the new family of Ilya Ilyich was a fiction, and as soon as he was gone, the mirage broke up, ceased to exist, and everyone who took part in it instantly and forever forgot about the past.

The relationship between Olga and Stolz also leaves the reader with some dissatisfaction. It seems that both of them live more in the mind than in the heart. But still this is a happy, cheerful family. These people go forward, they live for real, mastering the world around them and know what to do next.

The tragedy that Goncharov enveloped in love in his novel probably came to the pages of the work from his own life, from the depths of his soul. And maybe one day he, like Oblomov, could not bear the burden of this painfully sweet feeling.

Ivan Goncharov's novel "Oblomov" was published in 1859, almost immediately exciting the writer's contemporaries and interested critics in the complexity of the characters described and the ambiguity of the questions raised by the author. One of the leitmotifs of the novel is the theme of love, which is most clearly revealed through the image of the protagonist - Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. The reader gets acquainted with the character at the very beginning of the work as a dreamy, apathetic, lazy person who does not want to do anything. And if it were not for the feeling that suddenly flared up for Olga Ilyinskaya, in the fate of the hero, most likely, nothing significant would have happened. The love in Oblomov's life for Olga became the very turning point when a person must choose: to move on or leave everything as it is. Ilya Ilyich was not ready to change, so their relationship ended in parting. But spontaneous feelings were replaced by a quiet, peaceful life in the house of Agafya Pshenitsyna, which, nevertheless, led to the early death of Ilya Ilyich.

Oblomov's two loves in Goncharov's novel embodied two female images, two examples of the realization of feelings for a loved one and two paths for the main character, which had a tragic ending. Why was not a single woman able to pull Ilya Ilyich out of the swamp of "Oblomovism"? The answer lies in the characteristics of the characters of the heroines and the life priorities of Oblomov himself.

Oblomov and Olga Ilinskaya

The feelings of Olga and Oblomov developed rapidly, almost from the first meeting the characters felt attracted to each other: Ilya Ilyich was fascinated by the harmony, intelligence and inner beauty of Ilyinskaya, and the girl was attracted by the kindness, complaisance and tenderness of a man. And, it would seem, the strong feelings that flared up between the characters could develop and become an aid to a happy family life. However, differences in the characters of the characters and a different vision of an ideal life together led to the early parting of Oblomov and Olga.

Ilya Ilyich saw in the girl the ideal of an “Oblomov” woman, capable of creating for him a calm home comfort, a life in which every day will be like another, and that will be good - no shocks, misfortunes and experiences. For Olga, this state of affairs was not only unacceptable, but also terrifying. The girl dreamed of changing Oblomov, eradicating all apathy and laziness in him, making him a bright, forward-looking, active person. For Olga, the feelings themselves gradually faded into the background, while duty and the “higher” goal became the leader in the relationship - to make Oblomov some semblance of his ideal. But Ilya Ilyich, perhaps because of his sensitivity, and perhaps because he was much older than the girl, was the first to understand that he could become a burden for her, a ballast that would pull her towards the hated "Obolomovism" and would not be able to give her that happiness, about which she dreams.

The relationship between Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya was a spontaneous, but fleeting feeling, as evidenced even by the fact that they met in the spring and parted in the late autumn. Their love really was like a fragile branch of lilac, which, having given the world its beauty, will inevitably fade.

Oblomov and Agafya Pshenitsyna

The relationship between Oblomov and Agafya Pshenitsyna had a completely different character than the stormy, bright, memorable love between Ilya Ilyich and Olga. For the hero, the care of soft, quiet, kind and economic Agafya acted as a healing balm, helping to restore mental strength after a tragic break with Ilyinskaya. Gradually, without noticing it, Oblomov fell in love with Pshenitsyna, and the woman fell in love with Ilya Ilyich. Unlike Olga, Agafya did not try to idealize her husband, she adored him for who he was, was even ready to pawn her own jewelry so that he did not need anything, was always full and surrounded by warmth and comfort.

The love of Agafya and Oblomov became the very reflection of the hero’s illusions and dreams, to which he devoted many years, lying on the sofa in his apartment. Peace and tranquility, bordering on the degradation of the personality, complete detachment from the outside world and gradual dying, were the main life goal of the hero, the very Oblomov "paradise" without which he felt failed and unhappy, but which eventually destroyed him.

Oblomov, Agafya and Olga: the intersection of three destinies

Olga and Agafya in the novel "Oblomov" are two female characters opposed by the author. Ilyinskaya is the image of a modern, future-oriented, feminized girl who has her own personal opinion on everything, while Pshenitsyna is the embodiment of a truly Russian woman, the keeper of the hearth, obeying her husband in everything. For Olga, love was closely connected with a sense of duty, the duty to change Oblomov, while Agafya adored Ilya Ilyich, not even thinking that she might not like anything in him.
Oblomov's love for two important women in his life was also different. To Olga, the hero felt a really strong feeling, completely embracing him, which made him even for a while abandon his usual, lazy way of life and begin to act. For Agafya, he had a completely different love - similar to a feeling of gratitude and respect, calm and not exciting the soul, like their whole life together.

Love for Olga was a challenge for Oblomov, a kind of test, after which he, even if the beloved had parted anyway, might have been able to change, freeing himself from the fetters of "Oblomovism" and starting to live a full, active life. The hero did not want to change, did not want to give up dreams and illusions, and therefore remains with Pshenitsyna, even when Stolz offers to take him to her.

Conclusion

The main reason for Ilya Ilyich's immersion in "Oblomovism" and his gradual disintegration as a person lie not in Agafya's excessive concern, but in the hero himself. Already at the beginning of the work, he does not behave like a person who is interested in the world around him, his soul has long been living in a world of dreams, and he himself does not even try to return to real life. Love, as a resurrecting feeling, should have awakened the hero, released him from the "Oblomov" half-sleep, however, it was already too late (recall the words of Olga, who said that he had died a long time ago). Depicting Oblomov's love for Olga, and then for Agafya, Goncharov provides the reader with a wide field for reflection on the nature and meaning of love in the life of every person, the importance of this feeling in the fate of the reader himself.

The presented material will be useful to students in grade 10 before writing an essay on the topic "Love in Oblomov's life."

Artwork test

Essay text:

Mind and heart are two substances, often having nothing in common with each other and even conflicting with each other. Why do some people tend to weigh their every decision and look for a logical justification in everything, while others do their actions solely on a hunch, as their heart tells them? Many writers thought about this, for example, Leo Tolstoy, who attached great importance to what guides his characters in their actions. At the same time, he did not hide the fact that people of the soul are much dearer to him. It seems to me that I. A. Goncharov, paying tribute to the work of the mind in his heroes, appreciated the work of the heart in them more. N. A. Dobrolyubov considered Goncharov’s characteristic feature as an artist that he is not amazed by one side of the object, by one moment of the event, but by turning the object from all sides, waiting for the completion of all moments of the phenomenon. The characters of the heroes are revealed in the novel with all their inherent contradictions. So, the main character, Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, has a lot of shortcomings; he is lazy, apathetic, inert. However, it also has positive features. Nature fully endowed Oblomov with the ability to think and feel.
Dobrolyubov wrote about it this way: Oblomov is not a dull, apathetic nature, without aspirations and feelings, but a person who is also looking for something in his life, thinking about something. The novel speaks more than once about the kindness, kindness, conscientiousness of Oblomov. Introducing us to his hero, Goncharov writes that his softness was the dominant and main expression, not only of his face, but of his whole soul. And further: A superficially observant, cold person, glancing casually at Oblomov, would say: "There must be a kind man, simplicity!" A deeper and more sympathetic person, peering into his face for a long time, would walk away in pleasant thought, with a smile. What could cause people to smile thoughtfully at the mere sight of this man? I think this is due to the feeling of warmth, cordiality and poetic nature of Oblomov: His heart is like a well, deep. Stolz is a man who is completely opposite in temperament, admires the spiritual qualities of a friend. There is no heart cleaner, lighter and simpler! he exclaims. Stolz and Oblomov have been friends since childhood. They love each other very much, but at the same time there is some internal conflict between them. Even, rather, not a conflict, but a dispute between two completely different people. One of them is active and practical, and the other is lazy and careless. Stolz is constantly horrified by the lifestyle of his friend. He tries with all his might to help Oblomov, to pull him out of this swamp of idleness, which mercilessly sucks him into his depths. Stolz is a faithful and devoted friend of Oblomov, ready to help him in word and deed. It seems to me that only truly kind people are capable of this. Therefore, I am not inclined to consider Stolz only as a rationalist and pragmatist. In my opinion, Stolz is a kind person, and he is active in his kindness, and does not get off with sympathy alone. Oblomov is different. He, of course, is not alien to universal human sorrows, the pleasures of lofty thoughts are available to him. But after all, in order to bring these lofty thoughts to life, you need to at least get off the couch. Oblomov is no longer capable of this. The reason for the complete dissimilarity of the characters of the two friends is their completely different upbringing. Little Ilyusha Oblomov was from childhood surrounded by boundless love, affection and exorbitant care. Parents tried to protect him not only from some troubles, but also from all types of activities. Even in order to put on stockings, it was necessary to call Zakhar. Education was also not given much importance, and as a result, the naturally gifted boy had irreparable gaps in education for the rest of his life. His curiosity was ruined, but the measured and calm life in Oblomovka awakened dreaminess and gentleness in him. The gentle nature of Ilyusha Oblomov was also influenced by the Central Russian nature with the leisurely flow of rivers, with the great calmness of fields and huge forests. Andrei Stolz was brought up in a completely different way. His education was handled by a German father, who took his son's deep knowledge very seriously. He sought to educate Andryusha, above all, industriousness. Stoltz began to study at an early age: he sat with his father over a geographical map, parsed Bible verses, taught Krylov's fables. From the age of 14-15, he already independently traveled with his father's orders, and carried them out accurately, never confusing anything. If we talk about education, then, of course, Stolz went far ahead of his friend. But as for the natural mind, Oblomov was not at all deprived of it. Stolz tells Olga that in Oblomov there is no less intelligence than others, only he burrows, he is littered with all sorts of rubbish and fell asleep in idleness. Olga, it seems to me, fell in love with Oblomov precisely in his soul. And although Oblomov betrayed their love, unable to break out of the shackles of familiar life, Olga never managed to forget him. She was already married to Stolz and, it would seem, lived happily, but she kept asking herself what she asks from time to time, what her soul is looking for, but only asking and looking for something, it’s even scary to say she yearns. I understand where her soul was torn to meet the same dear and close soul. Stolz, for all his merits of mind, energy and determination, could not give Olga the happiness that she experienced with Oblomov. Oblomov, despite all his laziness, inertia and other shortcomings, left an indelible mark on the soul of an outstanding and talented woman. Thus, after reading the novel, the impression remains that Goncharov is closer to Oblomov with his rich and tender soul. Ilya Ilyich had an amazing property: he knew how to arouse the love of others, seemingly without giving anything in return. But thanks to him, people discovered their best qualities in themselves: gentleness, kindness, poetry. This means that people like Oblomov are necessary, if only to make this world more beautiful and richer.

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