ATTENTION We have already talked about attention in previous books, so here I will just add a few words. It is clear that without attention your meditation will be fruitless. But people are always trying to do their best, so if they are told to keep their attention, they will

Approximate topics of the final essay 2017-2018 (list). Direction "Indifference and responsiveness."

What kind of person can be called "responsive"?

What kind of person can be called "indifferent"?

Do you agree with B. Shaw's statement: “The worst sin in relation to one's neighbor is not hatred, but indifference; this is truly the pinnacle of inhumanity"?

How do you understand the words of A.V. Suvorova: “How painful is indifference to oneself!”?

Why is indifference dangerous?

Can responsiveness bring disappointment?

What does it mean to be responsive?

Can indifference hurt a person?

Should we learn empathy?

What is the relationship between kindness and kindness?

Can an indifferent person be called selfish?

Do you agree that "healthy selfishness" is good for you?

Is it always necessary to be responsive?

What are the consequences of indifference to nature?

How are the concepts of "indifference" and "egoism" related?

How do you understand the proverb: “On the way you need a companion, in life you need sympathy”?

Do you agree that kindness and responsiveness are the key to family happiness?

Can Responsiveness Be Learned?

When can responsiveness hurt?

Can mindfulness save lives?

How to instill a sense of compassion in children?

How can one explain the unwillingness of a person to spend spiritual strength on someone else's life?

What does it mean to "be selfless"?

Do you agree with the statement that a friend is known not only in trouble, but also in joy?

Can compassion for people be a manifestation of selfishness?

Is it important to be able to forgive?

Are empathy and kindness synonymous?

Should we fight injustice?

Do you agree that indifference "corrodes the soul" of a person?

What can lead to indifference?

What life lessons help you develop a sense of compassion?

How do you understand the statement of A.P. Chekhov: "Indifference is a paralysis of the soul, premature death."

Should you empathize with people you don't like?

Confirm or refute Van Gogh's statement: "Indifference to painting is a universal and enduring phenomenon."

Don't feel sorry for yourself. Only primitive people sympathize with themselves."

How is indifference to a single person related to indifference to the motherland?

Why is indifference to one's own country dangerous?

Do you agree with the statement of Guy de Maupassant: "An ungrateful son is worse than someone else's: he is a criminal, since the son has no right to be indifferent to his mother"?

Can you expect sympathy if you don't show it yourself?

Can it be argued that adolescents have less empathy than mature people?

How do you understand the words of V.A. Sukhomlinsky: “Egoism is the root cause of cancer

Do you agree with the statement of B. Yasinsky: “Be afraid of the indifferent - they do not kill and do not betray, but
only with their tacit consent does treachery and murder exist on earth”?

Why do you think actions speak louder than words?

Is it possible to say that indifference to animals is the highest manifestation of humanity?

Can excessive empathy become a barrier?

Are there people unworthy of sympathy?

What is more important: sympathy or real help?

List of literature for preparation for the final essay. "Indifference and responsiveness."

A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm"
VC. Zheleznikov "Scarecrow"
A.P. Chekhov"The Cherry Orchard","Ward №6", "Lady with a dog"
J. Boyne "The Boy in the Striped Pajamas"
M.A. Sholokhov "The fate of man"
F.M.Dostoevsky"Crime and Punishment"
M.Yu. Lermontov"Hero of our time"
B. L. Vasiliev "Do not shoot at white swans"
K. G. Paustovsky« »
A.V. Vampilov "Elder Son"
A. de Saint-Exupery"The little Prince"
A.S. Pushkin"Captain's daughter", "Evgeniy "
D.S. Likhachev "Letters about the good and the beautiful"
I.S. Turgenev"Fathers and Sons"
I.A. Goncharov« »
ON THE. Nekrasov "Grandfather Mazai and Hares"
M. Gorky "At the bottom" , "Old Isergil"
O. Wilde"The Picture of Dorian Grey"
G.H. Andersen ""
V. Hugo "Les Misérables"
H. Lee "To Kill a Mockingbird"
V. G. Korolenko "Children of the Underground"
V. Zakrutkin "The Mother of Man"
T. Kenally "Schindler's List"
E. M. Remarque "Love thy neighbor"
L.N. Tolstoy "Prisoner of the Caucasus" « »
S. Collins "The Hunger Games"
J.K. Rowling "Harry Potter"
M.A. Bulgakov " and "
F.M. Dostoevsky "The Idiot"
R. Bradbury "451 Fahrenheit", "And thunder will come" , "All Summer in One Day"
M. Gelprin "The candle burned on the table"
A.P. Platonov "Yushka"
B. Frederick

See caution... Dictionary of Russian synonyms and expressions similar in meaning. under. ed. N. Abramova, M .: Russian dictionaries, 1999. attentiveness 1. cm ... Synonym dictionary

ATTENTION, attentiveness, pl. no, female 1. Degree of attention, concentration of attention (book). listener attentiveness. 2. Courtesy, courtesy in getting around. The attentiveness of the owner to the guests. Treat something with... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

G. 1. Manifestation of attention (1). 2. Attentive attitude to whom l Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova. T. F. Efremova. 2000... Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language Efremova

Attentiveness- the moral quality of a person, manifested as the orientation of consciousness and feelings to care for someone, about something. An attentive person is helpful, he is capable of providing disinterested help and support, he can notice, understand, ... ... Fundamentals of spiritual culture (encyclopedic dictionary of a teacher)

ATTENTION selective focus on a particular object, focusing on it. The most famous definition given to attention by William James: “Everyone knows what attention is. This is when the mind covers in a clear and distinct form ... ... Wikipedia

attentiveness- ▲ attention high (level) attentiveness heightened attention. focus concentration on something. ↓ meditation is a mental action aimed at bringing the human psyche into a state of in-depth concentration. ... ... Ideographic Dictionary of the Russian Language

attentiveness- rus vigilance (g), mindfulness (g) eng vigilance, alertness fra vigilance (f) deu Wachsamkeit (f), Vorsicht (f) spa vigilancia (f), atención (f) … Occupational safety and health. Translation into English, French, German, Spanish

Mindfulness, mindfulness, mindfulness, mindfulness, mindfulness, mindfulness, mindfulness, mindfulness, mindfulness, mindfulness, mindfulness, mindfulness (Source: "Full Accentuated Paradigm on ... ... Word Forms

negligence inattention absent-mindedness negligence... Antonym Dictionary

attentiveness- attentiveness, and ... Russian spelling dictionary

Books

• Mindfulness as a Means of Spiritual Education, Nyanaponika Mahathera. The Buddhist method of spiritual education described in the book is in no way limited in its application to persons professing Buddhism as a worldview. The ultimate goal of what is stated here ...
• How to develop mindfulness. Characters. Book 1, . What is mindfulness? How does God call us to mindfulness? How to learn mindfulness? The answers to these questions can be found in this book...

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Basic properties of attention

There are five properties of attention: concentration, stability, volume, distribution and switching. All of the listed properties of attention can be manifested in all types of attention - in involuntary, voluntary and post-voluntary.

Concentration- this is keeping attention on one object or one activity while distracting from everything else. Concentration of attention is usually associated with a deep, active interest in an activity, some event or fact. The degree or strength of concentration is the concentration or intensity of attention. Concentration - it is the absorption of attention by one object or one activity. indicator intensity is the inability to divert attention from the subject of activity by extraneous stimuli. For example, a child assembles a new constructor. He is completely absorbed in business, is not distracted for a minute, does not notice how time passes, does not respond to phone calls, you can call him out, call him for dinner - he does not answer, and sometimes he does not even hear. In this case, we can talk about high concentration and intensity of attention.

Sustainability- this is a long retention of attention on an object or some activity. Sustained attention is called attention, capable of remaining continuously focused on one subject or on the same work for a long time. I.P. Pavlov said about his work: "This is, first of all, stubborn concentration of thought, the ability to relentlessly think about a chosen subject, lie down with it and get up with it."

The opposite of sustained attention is attention unstable, fluctuating, which is constantly weakened or diverted to the side.

The attention span varies from person to person. Some can concentrate on the subject of their activity for a very long time, without distraction, while others have this ability to a much lesser extent. But the stability of attention can fluctuate in the same person. It depends on the awareness of the purpose of the activity and its significance, on the attitude to the work performed.

You can trace the fluctuations of attention when perceiving dual images, for example, large and small squares. If you look at such a picture for several minutes, you will notice that the smaller square is either advanced - is in front of the larger one, or “falls through” - the large square is brought to the fore.

Attention cannot linger for a long time on a stationary object (for example, a dot on a sheet) if we cannot view it from different angles. The richer an object is in its various properties, the easier it is to focus attention on it for a long time. For example, reading a meaningful book, watching a play, talking with an interesting person, the content of a picturesque landscape.

Volume- this is the number of objects that are covered by attention at the same time, at the same time. The amount of attention usually ranges from 4 to 6 objects in adults, and from 2 to 5 objects in schoolchildren (depending on age).

A person with a large amount of attention can notice more objects, phenomena, events. The amount of attention largely depends on the knowledge of objects and their relationships with each other.

To determine the amount of attention, a special device is used, which is called tachistoscope(from the Greek words "tahistos" - the fastest and "skopeo" - I look). This device makes it possible to show a person several objects - letters, geometric shapes, signs - for 0.1 s. How many objects a person remembers - this is his amount of attention.

The amount of attention is important to consider in many areas of life. For example, an advertising maker wants any passer-by to take a glimpse of a billboard and understand and remember its content. To do this, you need to have no more than five words on the advertisement. If there are more, then it is useful to highlight a few of the most important words, but their number should not exceed four or six.

A person who is in a large modern production at the control panel of machines should cover several devices with one glance. The scope of attention is professionally important for the teacher as well.

Distribution of attention- is the ability to perform two or more different activities, keeping their attention on them. Can attention be distributed simultaneously between two or more different activities? Maybe life constantly demands it. For example, a student at a lecture distributes attention simultaneously between what he writes down and what he hears at the moment. The teacher's attention is distributed to the whole class, to individual children, to the content of the lesson, etc. The ability to distribute attention is different for people. It is said that Napoleon could do seven things at the same time.

In order to successfully perform two jobs at the same time, at least one of them must be known so well that it is performed automatically, by itself, and the person only controls and regulates it consciously from time to time. In this case, the main attention can be paid to the second work, less familiar to the person.

The ability to distribute your attention develops gradually, with age. So, younger students do not distribute attention well, they still do not know how to do this, they do not have experience, automatic skills, so they should not be asked to do two things at the same time or to divert the child's attention to another while doing one thing. But it is necessary to promote the development of this skill.

Switching- this is a conscious and meaningful movement of attention from one object or action to another, this is a restructuring of attention, its transition from one object to another in connection with a change in the task of the activity. An essential aspect of attention is its switching, i.e. the ability to move quickly from one activity to another. Conscious switching of attention should not be confused with distractibility.

The success of switching depends on the characteristics of the previous and new activities and on the personal qualities of a person. If the previous job is interesting and the next job is not, then switching is difficult, and vice versa.

Switching attention is always accompanied by some tension, which is expressed in volitional effort. This makes it clear why it can be difficult for a student to start a new job, especially if he does not like it very much, and the previous activity, on the contrary, was more interesting. For example, switching attention to the lesson from the things that the children were doing during the break. Frequent change of types of work in the course of educational activity can cause great difficulties for schoolchildren.

If, being distracted, a person changes the object of attention involuntarily, then, switching attention, he consciously sets a goal to do something new.

Attention quickly and easily switches from a less important subject to a more significant one.

In switching attention, the individual characteristics of a person are clearly manifested - some people can quickly move on to a new activity, while others can slowly and with difficulty. Different activities require different forms of attention. For example, the work of a corrector requires a high concentration of attention, the work of an educator, a teacher requires the ability to distribute attention.

Attention and distraction. Usually attention is opposed to absent-mindedness. In our language, distraction is often understood as a synonym for inattention. Remember the poem by S.Ya. Marshak: “Scattered from Basseynaya Street”: “Instead of a hat on the go, he put on a frying pan, instead of felt boots, he pulled gloves on his heels.”

However, distraction and inattention do not always coincide with each other.

distraction may be the result of instability, weakness of attention. A person cannot concentrate on anything for a long time, his attention constantly jumps from one to another. For example, such attention is typical for children, it is also observed in adults, especially in a state of fatigue, during illness.

But absent-mindedness can have a completely different reason. A person is so strongly focused on one subject, activity, that he is not able to notice anything else, and therefore is scattered. For example, many scientists do not pay any attention to everyday problems, objects around them, etc. This absent-mindedness is an expression of maximum composure and concentration on the main subject of one's thoughts. Such people have a strong attention, but narrow and inactive. K.K. Platonov in his book Entertaining Psychology cites such an episode. Newton decided to boil an egg. Picking up the watch, he noticed the start of cooking. And after some time, he suddenly discovered that he was holding an egg in his hands, and was cooking ... hours. But when the scientist was once asked how he managed to discover the law of gravity, he replied: "Thanks to the fact that I relentlessly thought about this issue."

One of the reasons for inattention is insufficient mental activity. A huge role in the development of attention is played by the orientation of the individual.

Dubrovina I.V. etc. Psychology: Textbook for students. avg. ped. textbook institutions / I. V. Dubrovina, E. E. Danilova, A. M. Parishioners; Ed. I. V. Dubrovina. - 2nd ed., stereotype. - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2003. - 464 p. pp. 143-153.

Today it has become not just a problem, but the cause of many troubles and even tragedies. For example, how can society be threatened by the inattention of a person performing complex and responsible work, including those related to technology?

Of course, you can try not to think about it, but it’s better to train your attention from childhood: then there will be much fewer adults who are unable to adequately solve life problems, perceive information, concentrate at the right moments and just work normally and productively.

Types of attention and inattention

Scientists distinguish several types of attention.

Arbitrary (passive, emotional) attention is called attention that manifests itself regardless of our efforts, or “by itself”: when we meet a person dressed brightly and unusually in a crowd, or we suddenly hear loud sounds, etc.

Such attention is called emotional because people under the influence of emotions may or may not notice certain phenomena, objects and events. An upset person, walking down the street, is unlikely to pay attention to a bright flower bed or children playing merrily, but he will see garbage and dirt, and passers-by will also meet sad and sad people. We need this kind of attention: if it "turns off", we can stop responding to danger and lose caution - such people are called "scattered", but here everything is more complicated. The ability to respond to extraneous and unexpected stimuli can also play a negative role: paying attention to what is happening around us, we are distracted from work.

Arbitrary attention is called, helping to focus on a specific task or object: we ourselves make an effort of will and direct attention, striving to achieve some goal. This is where problems begin for many: not everyone manages to direct attention to where it is needed. Many different factors interfere: fatigue, agitation, irritation, and other conditions that occur more often towards the end of the day, but most working people are in these states almost all the time. Often, when we come to work in the morning, we find that we cannot “get together”, and this is even more annoying.

Depending on the state of health and mood, inattention can be caused by distraction - attention "flutters" from one object to another - or fatigue of the nervous system - we lose interest in what is happening around.

Where does carelessness come from?

You should not leave everything “as is”: you may need the help of a specialist, although you can often deal with the problem of inattention on your own. We just need to understand and understand what prevents us from being attentive.

Technology is now developing rapidly, and all in order to make life easier for us. As a result, life is "facilitated" so much that we almost stop moving, and a sedentary lifestyle dulls memory and weakens attention. Therefore, many people experience insomnia: although a person feels "exhausted" mentally, he cannot fall asleep, as many physiological processes are disturbed. And lack of sleep is also a cause of inattention: it leads to irritability and inability to concentrate, and performance is markedly reduced.

In addition, at work, we are often “loaded” so much that we stop thinking and lose orientation in time: for example, while working with important documents, we simultaneously try to correspond on social networks, and we also talk on the phones, both on official and on mobile.

The picture, unfortunately, is typical, and inattention is a consequence of such behavior, so it is better to handle your brain more carefully. Instead of “reminders”, try using a regular diary, entering all the important information into it: attention is activated just because you begin to hold a pen or pencil in your hands more often. And sometimes it’s worth turning off the mobile phone and even the Internet: having arranged a break from them for at least a day, you can do a lot of accumulated work and finish a lot of things.

Lack of movement and lack of sleep can also be dealt with. Not everyone can go to the gym, but we were taught to do morning exercises at school - it's time to remember this. And walk as soon as possible: fresh air and sun improve the ability to think clearly and concentrate. Do not think that not walking will save time - as a rule, everything turns out the other way around. And when you begin to regularly exercise and walk, sleep will normalize "automatically": insomnia will go away, and efficiency and attentiveness will begin to improve.