South Africa coordinates. Extreme points of Africa

They are pretty easy to define. To do this, firstly, you need to name them all, and then, having decided in which part of the continent they are located, name the exact coordinates.

North Africa

This part of the continent is best known both to Europeans and to other civilizations of the Mediterranean region, such as the Phoenicians. Actually, the term Africa itself was coined by the inhabitants of Carthage, one of the Phoenician colonies. The Carthaginians called this word the indigenous population living in the territory adjacent to their city.

It is worth starting to determine the extreme points of Africa and their coordinates from the northern point, which is located on Cape Blanco, also known as Ben Secca, which is located on the territory of the Bizerte vilayet in Tunisia. These lands were mastered by the Phoenicians in the 1st century BC. Cape coordinates are indicated as follows: 37°20′49″ s. sh. 9°45′20″ in. d.

West Africa

When completing the task of determining the extreme points of Africa and their coordinates, it is also worth paying attention to the geographical region in which they are located. The extreme western point of the continent is located on the territory of the Cap-Vere peninsula, also called the Green Cape. However, the coordinates of the point known as Almadi are 14°44′27″ N. sh. 17°31′48″ W d.

It is also interesting that on the territory of the peninsula, the tip of which is Cape Almadi, the capital of the state of Senegal is located - the city of Dakar, whose population reaches two and a half million people.

East Africa

At the opposite end of the continent, seven and a half thousand kilometers away, is the easternmost extreme point of Africa - Cape Ras Hafun, located on the territory of Somalia, which has been engulfed in civil war for many years and has practically ceased to exist as a single state.

Determining the extreme points of Africa and their coordinates is also important because it helps to learn about the geographical and historical conditions in which this or that territory exists.

The material contains a table with the exact location of the extreme points of the mainland. The article gives an idea of the capes, on which there are landmarks on the cardinal points regarding the location of Africa. The data complement the already obtained knowledge about the continent.

Extreme points of Africa and their coordinates

As can be seen from the table, the northernmost point of Africa is considered Cape Blanco .

Cape El Abyad (Engela) , otherwise called Cape Bely - the northernmost point of the continent. It is located on the Mediterranean coast in Tunisia.

Rice. 1. The extreme northern point of Africa.

Geographers do not believe that the name "Blanco" (from Portuguese means "white") was assigned to the cape only based on the northern position. The name was given because of the color of the sand, which is typical for this Mediterranean coast.

- represents the southern tip of the mainland. Geographically located on the land of the state of South Africa. It is located 155 kilometers in the southeastern region near the famous Cape of Good Hope. In addition, it is a kind of completion of the spit, which stretches from the Cape mountain peaks. It has a lighthouse.

The extreme southern point of Africa serves as the generally recognized dividing line between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.

Significant points of the African continent

The most significant points on the territory of the continent are represented by the following capes:

El Abyad;
Needle;
Good Hope;
Almadi;
Ras Hafun.

Africa is called the high continent. High relief forms dominate here. It is these landforms that frame and outline the boundaries of the mainland, and it turns out that the plains are localized in the central region. Africa, when viewed from above, looks like some kind of plate with sides.

Rice. 3. Cape of Good Hope.

Due to the fact that Africa is conditionally divided by the equator almost in half, this explains the peculiarity of its geographical coordinates, an impressive amount of solar radiation is concentrated on the surface of the continent. 4.3. Total ratings received: 185.

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Extreme continental points of Africa

Africa is located "under", so it has few island lands in the north. Although the continental margins are fairly easy to define:

Northern. The northernmost point is located at Cape Blanco, or Ben Secca, in Tunisia. These lands were known long before the beginning of modern civilizations. Coordinates: 37 degrees, 20 minutes north latitude and 9 degrees, 45 minutes east longitude.
South. It is located on Cape Agulhas, or Agulhas, in South Africa. Coordinates: 34 degrees and 49 minutes south latitude and 20 degrees west longitude.
Western. It is located on the Cap Vert Peninsula at 14 degrees and 44 minutes north latitude, 17 degrees and 31 minutes west longitude.
Eastern. Cape Ras Hafun, which is in Somalia at the coordinates of 10 degrees and 25 minutes north latitude, 51 degrees and 16 minutes east longitude.

Extreme island points of Africa

There are only two extreme points of Africa, including islands:

In the east, the boundaries of the continent are defined by the Mascarene Islands, which is 650 km from Madagascar. Their coordinates are: 20 degrees and 42 minutes south latitude, 56 degrees and 37 minutes east longitude. Mauritius and France own the territory.
In the west, the most extreme island is Cape Verde, which belonged to Portugal until 1975, but then separated into a separate island state. Its coordinates are 16 degrees north latitude and 24 degrees west longitude. In the south, as in the north, the extreme islands are not marked.

Extreme cities of Africa

Most of the settlements located near the extreme geographical points have a small population and few people know:

In the north of the mainland, 15 km from the extreme coordinates, there is the port city of Bizerte. Its coordinates are: 37 degrees and 16 minutes north latitude, 9 degrees, 52 minutes east longitude. This beautiful city, occupying 34 sq. km, belongs to Tunisia.
On the southern side of the continent, the extreme settlement is Bredasdorp, located on the territory of South Africa. It is home to about 16,000 people. Coordinates: 34 degrees and 31 minutes south latitude, 20 degrees and 2 minutes east longitude.
In the west, near the extreme point, is the Senegalese Dakar, which is also the capital of the country. Its coordinates are 14 degrees and 43 minutes north latitude, 17 degrees and 27 minutes west longitude.
Farthest to the east is the village of Khafun (Somalia), which is mainly inhabited by fishermen - no more than 2,500 people. Its coordinates are 10 degrees and 25 minutes north latitude, 51 degrees and 16 minutes east longitude.

Hello! The topic of today's post will be the mainland Africa, about which we will consider the most important and basic geographical facts.

The continent of Africa is the second largest after Eurasia (more about this continent). Its area is 29.2 million km 2 (with islands 30.3 million km 2), which is almost 1/5 of the entire globe.

Extreme points of the mainland: North point - Cape El Abyad, coordinates 37° 21" N, 9° 45" E;

South point - Cape Agulhas, 34° 51" S, 20° 00" E;

Western point - Cape Almadi, coordinates 14° 44" N, 17° 31" W;

East point - Cape Ras Hafun, 10° 25" N, 51° 21" E.

The length from the northern cape of El Abyad (Ras Engela) to the southern cape of Agulhas is almost 8000 km, the width between the western and eastern capes, respectively Almadi and Hafun, is 7500 km.

Africa is bordered to the south and east by the Indian Ocean, to the northeast by the Red Sea, to the north by the Mediterranean Sea, and to the west by the Atlantic Ocean.

The shores of Africa are slightly cut: the largest peninsula is Somalia, the largest inflow is Guinea.

Geologically, the platform has a Precambrian crystalline base that is overlain by younger sedimentary rocks. (geochronological scale).

Folded mountains are located only in the south (Cape Mountains) and in the northwest (Atlas). The relief of Africa is dominated by high folded plains, plateaus and plateaus; in the interior - large tectonic depressions (Congo in Central Africa, Kalahari in South Africa, etc.).

Africa from the Zambezi River to the Red Sea is fragmented by the world's largest system of discharge depressions, partially occupied by lakes (Nyasa, Tanganyika and others).

Volcanoes Kenya, Kilimanjaro ( 5895 m, the highest point in Africa) and others are located along the edges of the depressions.

Minerals of world importance that are mined in Africa: uranium, gold (South Africa), diamonds (West and South Africa), ores of iron, aluminum (West Africa), cobalt, lithium, beryl, copper (mainly in South Africa), natural gas, oil, phosphorites (West and South Africa ).

Summer average monthly temperatures are around 25-30°C. In winter, high positive temperatures (10-25°C) also prevail, but in the mountains there are temperatures below 0°C, and snow falls annually in the Atlas Mountains.

In the equatorial zone, the largest amount of precipitation per year (on average 1500-2000 mm), and on the coast of the Guinean inflow (up to 3000-4000 mm.). To the south and east of the equator, precipitation decreases (in deserts 100 mm or less).

The main flow is directed to the Atlantic Ocean: the rivers Nile (which is the largest in Africa), Niger, Congo (Zaire), Gambia, Senegal, Orange. The big river of the Indian Ocean basin is the Zambezi.

About 1/3 of Africa is an area of internal runoff, mainly temporary streams. The largest lakes in Africa: Tanganyika, Victoria, Nyasa (Malawi).

The main African types of vegetation: deserts (the largest is the Sahara) and savannas, which occupy about 80% of Africa's area.

The coastal regions of the subequatorial zone and the equatorial zone are characterized by moist equatorial evergreen forests.

To the south and north of them - sparse tropical forests that turn into shrouds, and then into desert shrouds.

In tropical Africa (mainly in reserves and), rhinos, elephants, zebras, hippos, cheetahs, antelopes, lions, leopards, etc. are found.

Small predators, numerous monkeys, rodents; in dry areas a large number of reptiles.

A huge number of birds, including flamingos, ibis, ostriches. A tsetse fly, termites, locusts, bring great harm to the economy of Africa.

African countries: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Djibouti, most of Egypt, Congo (Zaire), Zambia, Zimbabwe, Cape Verde, Cameroon, Congo, Cat -d'Ivoire, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Mauritania, Malawi, Mali, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Swaziland, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Central African Republic of, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Republic of South Africa (South Africa), as well as the territories of Western Sahara, Ceuta and Melilla.

On the islands belonging to Africa, there are such countries: Comoros, Mauritius, Madagascar, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, and Reunion, Saint Helena.

More than 700 million people, or about 15%, live in African countries. Africa is inhabited by hundreds of large and small nations (). 107 of which have more than 1 million people each, which is 86.2% of the total population.

Representatives of nomadic tribes and nationalities migrate across the territories of other countries. In the north of the continent, the largest of the African ethnic groups are Arabs (Moroccan, Algerian, Egyptian). In South and Central Africa - Bantu, in Tropical Africa - Hausa, Yoruba, as well as Oromo, Amhara.

For example, the Bantu includes more than 40 peoples, and each of them has more than 1 million people. There are also many immigrants from Asian and European countries in African countries.

In South Africa, immigrants, especially the majority - more than 5 million people (Italians, French, Afrikaners, or Boers).

More than half of the continent's population lives in rural areas. They are engaged in cattle breeding and agriculture. The largest part of the urban population (more than 50%) is concentrated in Djibouti, South Africa, Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Mauritius, Reunion.

Many residents in rapidly growing cities are employed in the service sector (service, trade). Most of them are government employees.

The African continent continues to have a high level of unemployment. A large number of citizens live thanks to casual earnings.

Inhabitants of mainland Africa profess different religions. In northern Africa, the Arabs mainly practice Sunni Islam. Christianity and Islam, as well as local traditional beliefs, are common in Tropical Africa. South Africa is dominated by the Christian religion (Protestantism and Catholicism), and there are also followers of Hinduism and other religions.

Thus, we found out that the mainland of Africa is very rich in various minerals, beautiful and rare animals and birds, and many different peoples live here with their own customs and cultures.

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