Seas of Russia as large natural complexes
The territory of our country is washed by thirteen seas: 12 seas of the world ocean and the Caspian Sea, which belongs to the internal drainless basin. These seas are very diverse both in terms of natural conditions, and in terms of natural resources, and in terms of the degree of their study and development.
The seas of Russia are of great economic importance. First of all, these are cheap transport routes, the role of which is especially great in foreign trade transportation. The biological resources of the seas are of considerable value. Almost 900 species of fish live in the seas washing the territory of our country, of which more than 250 are commercial, many marine mammals, molluscs and crustaceans. The importance of the mineral resources of the seas is growing ever more. You can use the energy of sea tides to generate electricity, in addition, the coasts of the seas are places of recreation.
Recently, as a result of the ever-increasing influence of human economic activity on the World Ocean, the ecological situation of the seas has sharply worsened. To preserve the natural complexes of the seas, a special state program is needed.
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Natural zoning of Russia
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Ethnogeographical position of Russia and neighboring countries
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Machine-building complex of Russia
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Complexes of industries for the production of structural materials and chemicals
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White Sea
Located "on the threshold" of the Arctic, has a very cold climate. Summer is short and cool. Near the southern shores, the water warms up to +170C. The winter is long, from November to May the sea is covered with ice. There is a lot of precipitation, up to 500 mm per year.
The White Sea is small in size. The bottom relief is uneven. The sea is shallow. Because located on the shelf of the mainland. Average depth - 60 m. Salinity - 20-26% about in the south, 30% about- in the north. It is connected by the Gorlo Strait of the White Sea with the Bering Sea.
White Sea
Low-lying but heavily indented shores.
Tides from 1m to 3.5m. Mezen Bay - up to 10m.
Biological resources are poor.
Fish: cod, Navaga, herring, salmon.
Animals: harp seal, seal, white whale.
Kandalaksha reserve. Nesting sites are protected eiders
White Sea
Here live brave people - Pomors.
There is a large port of Kandalaksha.
An artificial White Sea Canal was dug near the city of Belomorsk (it was built from 1933 to 1933 by prisoners). It connects the sea with the Baltic. Length - 227 km.
At the entrance to the Onega Bay on Solovetsky Island, the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Solovetsky Monastery was founded at the beginning of the 15th century.
Sea of Azov
Surprising in its shallowness, its average depth is 7m, and the maximum is 15m.
The climate is warm, dry, but the sea does not dry up and does not accumulate salts (Why?).
The sea is desalinated up to 11-13% about. Sivash - 60% about. The mouth of the Don and the Taganrog Bay are almost completely freshwater.
This is a paradise for sturgeon and stellate sturgeon.
Sea of Azov
In December, the sea is covered with ice and freed at the end of March. There are strong storms, especially in autumn. In June, water t rises to +23-250 C, July-August +290 C, in estuaries up to +350 C.
Problem: fertilizers with water fall into the sea, hence the flowering, algae. Living organisms die, hydrogen sulfide is released. More salty waters of the Black Sea enter Azov. Violation of the salt balance leads to a decrease in fish resources.
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Lesson number 6. Theme. Natural complexes of sea coasts and their economic development.
Goals: Formation of ideas about the complexes of sea coasts; Continue developing students' abilities, based on analysis and a problem-based approach, to comprehend processes, events and phenomena in their dynamics, interconnection and interdependence, guided by the principle of scientific objectivity; Raise interest in the flora and fauna of the sea coasts of our region; Educational Resources: Textbook B.A. Trekhbratov, M.V. Bodyaev, I.A. Terskaya, A.N. Krishtopa, K.P. Kazaryan, S.A. Lukyanov. Cuban science grade 7. Krasnodar, 2010. Physical map of the Krasnodar Territory. Multimedia equipment / lesson presentation. Working with geographical objects: o.Abrau, o.Chemburgskoe. Lesson type: combined lesson. I. Lesson phase CHALLENGE. 1 step.
Checking homework. Answer the questions: Coast of the Sea of Azov Black Sea coast 2 step. The table technology "I know - I want to know - I learned" is used. Teacher activities: reveal students' knowledge of the topic. Student activities: collect material already available on the topic, expand knowledge on the issue under study, systematize them; complete the table. Task number 1 Fill in the table:
II. The phase of the lesson is CONSIDERATION (IMPLEMENTATION). 1 step. Communication and explanation of information
Material for the teacher. Black Sea The coast of the Krasnodar Territory stretches in a narrow strip along the sea from the Taman Peninsula to the Psou River, which flows on the border with Abkhazia (Adlersky District of Sochi). The coastal strip is intersected either by abrupt spurs, or by numerous narrow gorges and valleys of mountain rivers, rapidly carrying their waters to the Black Sea. Student activities: prepare questions for the teacher on this material. 2 step. Work with the textbook. Elaboration of the content of the paragraph of the textbook, pp. 26-33 “Natural complexes of sea coasts and their economic development. We use the RCM technology "Conceptual table" when studying the topics "Coast of the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov" and "Black Sea coast". Teacher activities: divides the class into seven groups (from sections of the table) and gives each group the task to fill in the columns of the table.
- 1 group "Geographical position"; 2 group "Climate"; 3 group "Reservoirs"; 4 group "Plants"; 5 group "Animals"; 6 group "Cities"; Group 7 "Basic classes". Student activities: study the material of the textbook § 3, pp. 58 - 59; physical map of the Krasnodar Territory; fill in your line in the table. Task number 2 Fill in the conceptual table:
| |
Coast of the Sea of Azov
|
Black Sea coast
|
findings
|
Geographical position
| | | |
Climate
| | | |
reservoirs
| | | |
Plants
| | | |
Animals
| | | |
Cities
| | | |
Main occupations of the population
| |
| |
Student activities: students present their tables, fill in all sections of the table in the course of the group's performance, together with the teacher draw conclusions for each section of the table.
III. Lesson phase: REFLECTION. Task number 3 Working with a contour map. 1. Paint over the coast of the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov, the Black Sea coast. 2. Designate: Estuaries: Beisugsky, Akhtarsky, Yeysky. -
Rivers of the Black Sea coast: Mzymta, Psou, Sochi, Tuapse, Pshada, Vulan. -
Lakes: Abrau, Chembukskoe. -
Cities: Gelendzhik, Novorossiysk, Tuapse, Sochi, Anapa, Temryuk, Primorsko-Akhtarsk. Task number 5 Solve anagrams (words - shifters). L i g a t i -_ _ _ _ _ _, r a e n d o l - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , m s u k i p i - _ _ _ _ _ _ _,
*L s par s a s a b i - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Answers: needle, oleander, skumpia, sarsaparilla.
Task number 6 Find the "extra" word: 1. Water lily, algae, duckweed, hornwort, fern- plants of estuaries and floodplains. 2. cormorant, curly pelican, pink pelican, spoonbill, loaf - rare species listed in the Red Book. 3. Mzymta, her, Psou, Pshada, Vulan are large rivers of the Black Sea coast. 4. Novorossiysk, Anapa, Tuapse, Temryuk, Gelenzhidik - cities of the Black Sea coast. 5. Tea, noble laurel, cowberry, feijoa, figs are subtropical crops. Self-reflection. At the choice of the teacher. IV. Homework. 1. § 5, answer questions No. 2, 3.
2. * task number 5 p.32 |
Lesson number 6. Theme. Natural complexes of sea coasts and their economic development. Goals: Formation of ideas about the complexes of sea coasts; Continue developing students' abilities, based on analysis and a problem-based approach, to comprehend processes, events and phenomena in their dynamics, interconnection and interdependence, guided by the principle of scientific objectivity; Raise interest in the flora and fauna of the sea coasts of our region; Educational Resources: Textbook B.A. Trekhbratov, M.V. Bodyaev, I.A. Terskaya, A.N. Krishtopa, K.P. Kazaryan, S.A. Lukyanov. Cuban science grade 7. Krasnodar, 2010. Physical map of the Krasnodar Territory. Multimedia equipment / lesson presentation. ^
Working with geographical objects:
o.Abrau, o.Chemburgskoe. Lesson type: combined lesson. I. Lesson phase CHALLENGE. 1 step. Checking homework. Answer the questions: - prove that the height of the mountains affects not only the species diversity of flora and fauna, but also the economic activity of people; How can natural resources and the environment be protected? 2 step Working with the cluster. Teacher activities: Asks students to guess what will be discussed in this lesson. ^
Student activities:
answer the teacher's questions and continue filling in the bunches of the cluster using the textbook § 5. Teacher: - We studied the natural and economic complexes of the steppes, foothills and mountains. - Name the cities of the steppe zone, foothills and mountains. - What other cities do you know? Where can they be located? Coast of the Sea of Azov Black Sea coast 2 step. The table technology "I know - I want to know - I learned" is used. Teacher activities: reveal students' knowledge of the topic. ^
Student activities:
collect the material already available on the topic, expand knowledge on the issue under study, systematize them; complete the table. Task number 1 Fill in the table:
^
II. The phase of the lesson is CONSIDERATION (IMPLEMENTATION).
1 step. Communication and explanation of information
Material for the teacher. Black Sea The coast of the Krasnodar Territory stretches in a narrow strip along the sea from the Taman Peninsula to the Psou River, which flows on the border with Abkhazia (Adlersky District of Sochi). The coastal strip is intersected either by abrupt spurs, or by numerous narrow gorges and valleys of mountain rivers, rapidly carrying their waters to the Black Sea. ^
Student activities:
prepare questions for the teacher on this material. 2 step. Work with the textbook. Elaboration of the content of the paragraph of the textbook, pp. 26-33 “Natural complexes of sea coasts and their economic development. We use the RCM technology "Conceptual table" when studying the topics "Coast of the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov" and "Black Sea coast". ^
Teacher activities:
divides the class into seven groups (from sections of the table) and gives each group the task to fill in the columns of the table. 1 group "Geographical position"; 2 group "Climate"; 3 group "Reservoirs"; 4 group "Plants"; 5 group "Animals"; 6 group "Cities"; Group 7 "Basic classes". ^
Student activities:
study the material of the textbook § 3, pp. 58 - 59; physical map of the Krasnodar Territory; fill in your line in the table. Task number 2 Fill in the conceptual table:
| |
Coast of the Sea of Azov
|
Black Sea coast
|
findings
|
Geographical position
| | | |
Climate
| | | |
reservoirs
| | | |
Plants
| | | |
Animals
| | | |
Cities
| | | |
Main occupations of the population
| | | |
^
Student activities:
students present their tables, fill in all sections of the table in the course of the groups' performances, and together with the teacher draw conclusions for each section of the table.
III. Lesson phase: REFLECTION. Task number 3 Working with a contour map. ^
1. Paint over the coast of the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov, the Black Sea coast.
2. Designate: Estuaries: Beisugsky, Akhtarsky, Yeysky. -
Rivers of the Black Sea coast: Mzymta, Psou, Sochi, Tuapse, Pshada, Vulan. -
Lakes: Abrau, Chembukskoe. -
Cities: Gelendzhik, Novorossiysk, Tuapse, Sochi, Anapa, Temryuk, Primorsko-Akhtarsk. Task number 5 Solve anagrams (words - shifters). L i g a t i -_ _ _ _ _ _, r a e n d o l - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , m s u k i p i - _ _ _ _ _ _ _, *L s par s a s a b i - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. ^ Answers: needle, oleander, skumpia, sarsaparilla.
Task number 6 Find the "extra" word: 1. Water lily, algae, duckweed, hornwort, fern- plants of estuaries and floodplains. 2. cormorant, curly pelican, pink pelican, spoonbill, loaf - rare species listed in the Red Book. 3. Mzymta, her, Psou, Pshada, Vulan are large rivers of the Black Sea coast. 4. Novorossiysk, Anapa, Tuapse, Temryuk, Gelenzhidik - cities of the Black Sea coast. 5. Tea, noble laurel, cowberry, feijoa, figs are subtropical crops. Self-reflection. At the choice of the teacher. IV. Homework. 1. § 5, answer questions No. 2, 3. 2. * task number 5 p.32 |
