Mother heroine - how many childrenshould a woman have to receive this honorary title? About how many children a heroine mother needs to have in order to be considered a “heroine of our time”, where to apply to obtain this status and what awards she can count on, we will tell in our article.

Are there the title of "Mother Heroine" and the Medal of Motherhood?

Let's first deal with the question of how many children a mother-heroine must have in order to receive such an honorary title, and is such an honorary title currently being awarded at all? We answer: today such a title does not exist in our country.

During the existence of the Soviet Union, such a title was awarded to mothers of many children who raised 10 or more children - at the same time, at the time of awarding the title, the youngest of the children had to be at least 1 year old, and all other children had to be alive. At the same time, there were such awards as the “Medal of Motherhood” and the orders “Mother Heroine” and “Maternal Glory”.

If we talk about the origins of these awards and honorary titles, it should be noted that the period of their birth fell on a difficult period for the whole country - the Great Patriotic War. The country was experiencing a difficult demographic situation, and this became one of the ways to encourage women who, in such a difficult time, saved their children.

Now there is talk of reviving the title of "Mother Heroine" and providing women who are awarded it with a number of benefits. A draft law "On the establishment of the honorary title "Mother Heroine of the Russian Federation"" has already been developed. In accordance with the provisions of this draft law, women awarded the title "Mother Heroine of the Russian Federation" are proposed to receive benefits in the amount of 1 to 7 living wages (depending on the number of children), provide benefits for paying utility bills and provide financial assistance when children enter higher educational institutions. In addition, the state proposes to allocate cars and land plots to such families, as well as to assist in obtaining a loan for the purchase of housing.

Don't know your rights?

The condition for conferring the title, and, accordingly, receiving state assistance, is that a woman has 10 or more living children (while the youngest of them must be at least 1 year old). In addition, all children must have Russian citizenship.

It should be noted that Russian legislation does not separate the rights of natural children and adopted children, therefore, even families in which all children (or some of the children) were adopted will be able to receive the title and material assistance.

Is the order/medal "Maternal Glory" issued?

Such an award as the order / medal "Maternal Glory" is also not awarded today, since it was introduced during the existence of the Soviet Union. But this does not mean at all that large families are not encouraged in any way and the state does not pay attention to them: instead of the above award, the medal of the Order of Parental Glory was introduced.

The medal of the Order of Parental Glory is awarded to families who have raised or are raising 4 or more children. Today, this is the analogue of the Motherhood medal. It should be said that not only those children who were born in the family are taken into account, but also those who were adopted. At the same time, the youngest child at the time of awarding the order must be at least 3 years old, all children must be alive. The exception is cases of death of children in the performance of their labor duties, in connection with the performance of service or the performance of their civic duty, as well as other cases provided for by law.

It is also important to note that only those families that have provided their children with harmonious intellectual, physical, cultural, spiritual and moral development, lead a healthy and socially adapted lifestyle, and set a good example of strengthening the institution of family and education, can apply for the medal "Parental Glory". children.

For similar merits in strengthening the institution of the family, the Order of Parental Glory is also awarded. At the same time, there are 2 forms of the order: for men and for women.

In 1944, it was already obvious that the war with Nazi Germany would end with the victory of Soviet weapons. But the war, which had been going on for three years, caused very serious damage in all spheres of life and economy of the USSR. This damage was felt especially seriously in the human reserves. Millions of young and middle-aged men died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, millions more fought. The main burden of maintaining the country in a viable state, in raising children - the future of this country, lay on the shoulders of Soviet women. Taking this fact into account, the Soviet government decides to provide all possible assistance to women in the maintenance and upbringing of children, and on various types of incentives for them. Some of these rewards are: the medal "Maternal Glory", the order "Maternal Glory" and Order "Mother Heroine".

In July 1944, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR issued a Decree that established a new order in the system of awards of the Soviet state - Order "Mother - Heroine", the project of which was developed by the Soviet artist Ganf I. A., known in the USSR for his works on anti-war topics. The order was awarded exclusively to women, mothers who gave birth and raised ten children or more. Simultaneously with the establishment of the order, an honorary title was also established for such women. - "Mother - Heroine."

Title Regulations "Mother - Heroine" provided for rewarding women if they gave birth and raised at least ten children, as mentioned above. But at the same time, it was taken into account that the last born child at the time of the award was one year old, and the rest of the children of the mother being awarded are currently alive.

Since many mothers, including those already with many children, adopted or simply took into the family children whose parents died or went missing, these children were also taken into account when submitting for the award. Children who died in the performance of military or official duties related to the defense of their socialist Fatherland were also taken into account when awarding.

The sign was made of gold and silver, and, accordingly, consisted of two parts. The first part, the base is a silver, shtral pentagon. A gold five-pointed star is attached to it with the help of rivets. In the upper part of the badge of the order there is an eye through which, with the help of a ring, the badge of the order is connected to a silver and gilded block. The block is covered with red enamel, the inscription "Mother - Heroine" is applied on it.

The peculiarities of awarding the order "Mother - Heroine" include the fact that the award was accompanied by the presentation of a special diploma from the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces. The letter indicated that the owner of the order was entitled to receive benefits and privileges in accordance with the regulations on awards. The appearance and content of the letters changed somewhat over time, as a result of which the so-called "Big" and "Small" letters appeared.

The first awarding of the order "Mother - Heroine" took place in October 1944. Fourteen women from various parts of the Union were noted. Order No. 1 was presented to Aleksakhina A.S., a resident of the village of Mamontovka. She gave birth and raised twelve children. Eight of her sons fought on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, four of them died.

In the history of the first awards, there is an interesting case with this very order number one. Initially, it was supposed to be handed over, of course, to a woman - a communist. But, alas, there were no such among mothers with many children. I had to present the order to the non-party Aleksakhina.

In total, over four hundred thousand women have been awarded over the years of the order's existence. The last presentation took place in November 1991.

Order "Mother - Heroine", 1944 - 1991

Made of gold and silver with red enamel. The size between the opposite ends of the silver star is 28 mm, the height of the order with the block is 46 mm. On the obverse there is a five-pointed star made of 950° gold, which is attached with three rivets to another star made of 925° silver in the form of divergent rays. The weight of the order: 17.55 ± 1.75 g. The weight of the gold star: 4.49 ± 0.44 g. The badge of the order is connected by means of an eyelet and a link with a figured block made of gilded silver and covered with red enamel. On the obverse of the block is the inscription "Mother-heroine". The edges of the block and the inscription are gilded. On the reverse of the block there is a pin for attaching the order to clothes.

After the collapse of the USSR in the 90s, it was not at all fashionable to engage in social support for large families. Everything that was in any way connected with the notorious "scoop" was categorically swept aside, and therefore such a wonderful and honorary title as the mother-heroine has sunk into the past.

The history of the appearance of the order "Mother Heroine"

The title of mother heroine and the badge were introduced in the penultimate year of the war, when the demographic problem associated with gigantic human losses rose to its full height before the country's leadership. The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR issued a Decree, which spelled out the conditions for awarding this honorary title. The title mother heroine was designated as "the highest degree of distinction" and was assigned to those women who not only gave birth, but also raised ten or more children.

The term for conferring the title mother heroine was determined by the date when the youngest child was 1 year old, and at the same time the remaining 9 children were alive. Legally adopted children, as well as children who died in the line of military duties, were also taken into account.

Over 400,000 Soviet women have been awarded this high title over the 47-year period of its existence. In addition to the Order of the Mother Heroine, other similar awards were established in the USSR: the Order of Maternal Glory of 3 degrees (for 7, 8, 9 children) and the Medal of Motherhood of two degrees (for 5, 6 children).

The Soviet state provided benefits to heroine mothers in full. These were cash benefits, free vouchers to health resorts, and most importantly, apartments were provided out of turn.

Now there is nothing like it. There is no such title - "Mother Heroine". True, in some republics of the former Soviet Union, it still survived. For example, there is the title “Mother-Heroine of Ukraine”, where it is awarded to women who have given birth and raised 5 or more children up to the age of 8. It is assigned by the Decree of the President, in addition to it, a one-time monetary reward in the amount of 10 living wages is paid. Ukrainian heroine mothers receive a pension supplement (25% of the same living wage). And if a woman does not have the length of service necessary to calculate a pension, then she receives benefits from the state.

The Order of "Parental Glory" - the successor of the Order of the "Mother Heroine"?

This order was established in our country in 2009, it is awarded to parents with 4 or more children. In addition, a one-time cash reward of 50 thousand rubles is issued. However, many believe that this is not enough. And at the beginning of 2013, a proposal was submitted to the State Duma to revive the Order of the Mother Heroine, which will be awarded to women who have given birth and raised 5 or more children. It is proposed to “reinforce” this title with financial benefits, the list of which is still being developed.

However, many women are asking that this award give at least the right to early retirement for heroine mothers. The current pension legislation provides for such an opportunity, but only if there is at least 15 years of work experience. And if he is not? So women are asked to recognize the difficult task of raising children as useful work, giving the right to early retirement.

And if the title of mother-heroine still contributes to solving the housing problems of large families, then this legislative initiative will certainly receive approval in all regions of Russia. By the way, the regions, to the best of their financial capabilities, already provide support to large families in the form of benefits for paying utility bills, priority provision of places in kindergartens.

Therefore, the revival of the title of "Mother Heroine" is called by many deputies an initiative that supports and strengthens the institution of the family.

Nothing compares to the emotions a mother experiences when a baby is born. In order to support parents and provide them with some benefits, at the state level, a mother heroine award is provided for mothers who have given birth to 4 babies.

In the last century, it was considered normal for a family to have more than 5 children. Often, especially in villages, it was about 10 boys and girls at once, who were born to one woman. Of course, it was not easy to constantly feed so many kids, especially in view of the lack of a full-fledged diet and quality things, but many families succeeded.

To support such parents, in 1944 the Order "Mother Heroine" appeared in the USSR. Such an award was given only to those mothers who gave birth to 10 or more boys and girls, in gratitude for their birth and worthy upbringing.

It was believed that every mother raising a large number of babies should have such a title in order to increase the demographic level and birth rate in the country. After all, these figures decreased significantly during the Great Patriotic War due to the death of many people who did not have time to become parents in the pre-war period.

Women who are raising 10 or more minors could count not only on receiving the relevant diploma, but also on a number of benefits. For example, such a mother receives various benefits, discounts on utility bills.

The description of such an award suggests that a mother could receive such a title not only for the birth of her babies, but also for the adoption of children from the maternity hospital. At the same time, a diploma was issued only if at the time of delivery, the youngest son or daughter was not older than 1 year, and all other minors were alive by that moment.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, this benefit was abolished.

The modern analogue of "Parental Glory"

The Order of the times of the USSR "Mother Heroine" was abolished simultaneously with the collapse of the Union and the transition to new legislation, therefore, in Russia, in 2020, it does not work.

In 2008, Presidential Decree No. 775 established a new Order of Parental Glory, which only parents with many children can count on. The first award took place at the beginning of 2009, for success in raising children.

What does it mean to receive the status of "Parental Glory" from the Soviet Order of the "Mother of the Heroine"? Now the award can be given to both parents who are raising 4 or more kids in their family at once. It also provides for additional delivery of certificates to such families and a lump sum payment in the amount of 50,000 rubles.

Parents can also receive additional status, raising 7 or more children. This is the order and its miniature copy, which can be worn on solemn occasions. "Mother's Glory" looks like a silk ribbon bow, and a similar award for the father of children is a pentagonal block.

Many believe that in Soviet times, persons awarded an honorary title could count on receiving more benefits, for example, receiving their own living space, good payments for the maintenance of minors. Now the legislation of the Russian Federation does not provide for anything of the kind. In some regions, local authorities still give such families some benefits, for example:

1. Benefits for paying utility bills or reimbursement of money spent);
2. Providing an extraordinary place in a kindergarten;
3. Trips for children to resorts.

How many children do you need to have to get a title

How to get a reward for raising a large number of minors in the family? The type of award and the possibility of receiving it directly depends on how many children are being raised in the family.

1. Mother's medal of 1st and 2nd degree is given for raising 6 and 5 children;
2. The Order of Maternal Glory 1-3 degrees is given for the birth of 7 to 9 babies.

An innovation in the opportunity to receive this award in 2019-2020 is a rigorous selection of families that can qualify for such a title. Now it is not enough that there are many children in the family, the number of which is enough to have such a sign.

Under the requirements set forth in Executive Order 1099, parents who meet the following conditions are eligible to receive the award:

1. Parents are married;
2. Parents created favorable conditions for kids;
3. Proper care for all adopted children as if they were your own;
4. The youngest child in the family must be at least 3 years old;
5. The family must have adopted children under the age of 5 years.

Since the state has limited the number of persons who can count on receiving such a benefit, the regions have also limited the ability to claim such an award. So, for example, in some regions, only 2 families a year can apply for such a sign.

What benefits can you expect

If in Soviet times the Order "Mother Heroine" provided for the possibility of receiving various benefits and benefits, then The law does not provide for this.

Now families are given the opportunity to receive only those benefits that are provided for by regional legislation: extraordinary places in kindergartens, compensation for utility bills.

At the moment, a bill is being considered that provides for payments and benefits for holders of the Parental Glory award. It is planned that such large families have the right to:

1. Receiving an allowance in the amount of one subsistence minimum for holders of a 3rd degree medal;
2. Payment of 7 times the amount for single mothers as a social pension;
3. Reducing the amount of utility bills;
4. Preferential admission of children to universities.

A large family will only be eligible for such benefits if the youngest in the family is already 1 year old. Moreover, each parent must have the citizenship of the Russian Federation.

The most famous was the one that killed her own children

Forty-fourth year. The victory over the fascists is already close, but how hard every step towards it is given to the country! Many soldiers died on the battlefield, the Soviet Union desperately needs young healthy men and women - it is necessary to restore the destroyed state.

On July 8, 1944, the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was issued, according to which women-mothers were marked with awards: those who give life, who, despite the difficulties of wartime, raise their children to their feet and bring them to people.

A woman who raised five or more children from now on received the “Medal of Motherhood”. In addition, the Order of Maternal Glory was established - for the upbringing of 7, 8 and 9 children. The highest award - the title and order of the "Mother Heroine" - relied on those truly heroic women who gave the country ten or more new citizens.

The same Decree established measures to provide various assistance and support to expectant and present mothers. There were state benefits, allowances, payments. And after the issuance of the Decree, children's institutions began to open in the country - nurseries, kindergartens.

The Order of the Mother Heroine was awarded in the Soviet Union until 1991. The stories of some mothers of many children cannot leave anyone indifferent.

Anna Aleksakhina - Order No. 1

On one of the dank autumn evenings of 1944, there was a knock on a barrack near Moscow: “Who is Anna Aleksakhina here?” Neighbors escorted the stranger to the kitchen, where a woman was hosting among boiling cauldrons. Here she was handed a stamped paper, announcing the high award of the Kremlin. She received the award itself a little later from the hands of the “all-Union headman” Mikhail Kalinin.

This woman brought up ten sons and two daughters in the most difficult years. The war took six boys - four did not return from the front, two died from their wounds after the Victory.

The remaining sons and daughters did not let their parents down - they worked honestly all their lives, they did not have to blush for them. Only there were no large families among them.

The younger children of the Aleksakhins always remembered how hard the family lived, how they ate nettle and quinoa stew, how strictly their father brought them up and how sorry their mother was. But at that time, almost all peasants lived like this. And they gave birth to children without hesitation - the more workers in the family, the easier it is to feed themselves.

For several months, the government was looking all over the country for a mother of many children, worthy of the first to receive an honorary award. Aleksakhina's lack of a party card almost became an obstacle to the officials' decision. However, there was no other way out - mothers with many children were in no hurry to join the party. Apparently they didn't have time...

The Order of Anna Aleksakhina "Mother Heroine" number one is today stored in Moscow, among the exhibits of the Historical Museum.

Forty-eight children of Shura Derevskaya

This amazing woman was called mom not even forty-eight - sixty-five people! But only forty-eight of them managed to become adults - Alexandra Avraamovna Derevskaya, "Romny Madonna", passed away when the rest of the boys and girls warmed by her were still very young ...

And it all started shortly after the end of the First World War. Shurochka, a young sister of mercy who fell in love with Emelyan Derevsky, readily becomes a mother for his son - a weak, rickety Mitya whose mother died of an incurable disease. Further more. Shura adopted an orphan Pannu, then a small one appeared in the family Timothy, behind him - Valya: an almost blind two-year-old orphan from an orphanage, whom Shura simply could not leave in the care of the state ...

It's amazing: how did this girl have enough strength and energy to warm, feed, educate everyone? The weakest, sickest and neglected children found love and affection in her family, straightened out, became cheerful and strong.

If it weren't for the war... World War II took Timothy's son from Alexandra and Yemelyan. And how many orphans this war has left! Shura could not ignore the human tragedy - more and more new children appeared in her house ... Escaped from the orphanage, lost during the evacuation, blockade children, foundlings ... There was a place for everyone both in the house and in the heart.

Victory has come. The Derevskys with 29 children moved to Ukraine - to the Sumy region, the village of Romny. More and more children, less and less strength and health ... Emelyan broke down - unable to withstand such a life, he left his family, although he continued to help financially. And Shura began to get sick. Taking advantage of the difficult situation, all kinds of commissions frequented the house of Alexandra Derevskaya - the state decided to take away the children from a single sick mother. Some of them were taken away - it is not known to which boarding schools and orphanages. Despite everything, Alexandra died happy - surrounded by loving grown-up children. And bequeathed to them to always take care of each other.

Heroine with a bomb

Really worthy women did not always receive a high award. Story Ninel Ovechkina and her 11 children will continue to excite the minds and hearts for a long time to come.

The passengers of the Tu-154, flying March 8, 1988 from Irkutsk to Leningrad, did not even suspect that they would become victims of a criminal family. Yes, it would never have occurred to anyone to think badly about such an exemplary family! Children - gifted musicians playing in the family ensemble "Seven Simeons" have long been the heroes of many articles and television programs.

But they wanted so much more... To make a difficult decision was spurred on by a tour in Japan, where a lucrative contract was offered to the talented family. The Ovechkins, led by their mother, began to develop a plan to escape from the Soviet Union. It was decided to hijack the plane. The musicians took several homemade bombs and sawn-off shotguns with them.

At first, the hijacking attempt went like clockwork: holding the passengers at gunpoint, the criminals forced the pilots to fly to Finland. But when they realized that special forces had entered the plane during refueling, the Ovechkins detonated the bomb. The plane caught fire ... The criminal mother made a decision: she ordered her eldest son to shoot her and the rest of the brothers, and then shoot himself. The plan was partially carried out: most of the Ovechkins died.

The flight attendant also died. Tamara Hot and three passengers. The rest were rescued by the military.

After the collapse of the USSR, the order "Mother Heroine" was not awarded. In total, from 1944 to 1991, about half a million women received the honorary title in the Soviet Union.