Satellite map of Europe. Explore satellite map of Europe online in real time. A detailed map of Europe is based on high-resolution satellite imagery. As close as possible, a satellite map of Europe allows you to explore in detail the streets, individual houses and sights of Europe. The map of Europe from the satellite easily switches to the normal map mode (scheme).

Countries of Europe. Satellite maps of European countries:

Europe- one of the parts of the world, which, together with Asia, is part of the mainland. More than 700 million people live in Europe in 50 states. It is washed by the waters of the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, as well as the waters of their seas.

The relief of Europe is varied, but most of it is occupied by plains. The mountainous regions are only 17% of the entire territory of the country with the highest point at 5642 meters. There are several climatic zones in Europe, but mostly in most European countries there is a moderate type of climate, which is characterized by warm or hot summers and cold winters with snowfalls.

Europe- a contrasting and diverse part of the world with many countries, each of which has its own traditions, its own culture and its own sights. Those wishing to see European architectural masterpieces and learn more about the culture and history of European states of the past should go to Germany or Austria with countless medieval castles, France with its Eiffel Tower or Great Britain with the amazing atmosphere of London.

Those who want to spend time at sea, it is better to choose the resorts of Bulgaria, Italy or Spain, since these countries are favorite places for summer beach holidays for both European and tourists from other countries. Fans of active winter holidays should spend their holidays in the ski resorts of Austria or Switzerland, the best not only in all of Europe, but throughout the world.

The political map of the world shows the borders between countries, often provides information about the state structure and form of government. Foreign Europe, whose geography is studied in grade 11, includes 40 countries that have large differences in all these indicators.

Borders

The political map of Foreign Europe shows the borders between the countries that make up it. Foreign Europe has land borders with Russia and the CIS countries. The rest of the borders are maritime.

Most of the countries that form Overseas Europe are maritime.

The territory of the region is divided into four parts - Western, Northern, Eastern, Southern Europe. The formation of this division began a long time ago and was due to geographical, cultural and economic differences.

Rice. 1. Regions of Foreign Europe.

To date, the political situation in Europe is quite stable and significant changes are not expected in the near future. The photo shows a modern political map in Russian.

Rice. 2. Countries of foreign Europe.

Form of government and territorial structure

In addition to borders, using a political map, you can determine such characteristics of countries as the form of government and territorial structure. What do these terms mean?

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• Form of government It is the system of organization of the state power of the country. Here the order of their formation, duration of action, powers are specified.
• Territorial device - a way of organizing the territory of the state. This is how the internal structure of the country is determined.

Today, there are two possible forms of government in the world:

• monarchy- when the country is ruled by a king;
• republic- in this case, the authorities are elected by the people.

There is a third form - the absolute theocratic monarchy. In this case, the supreme power belongs to the church. To date, there is only one state in the world with such a form of government, and it is located in Foreign Europe. This is the Vatican City State.

Among the monarchies are absolute and constitutional. In the first case, the power belongs entirely to the king. In the second, the king is subject to the laws of the constitution.

Republics are parliamentary and presidential. In the first case, the country is governed by a parliament headed by a president. In the second case, all power belongs to the president.

Rice. 3. The Vatican is the only city-state in the world headed by a church.

According to the territorial structure, they distinguish:

• unitary state: state administration comes from a single center and is not divided into regions;
• federation: there is a single control center and many fragments of the country subordinate to it, called subjects;
• confederation: represents a union of two or more countries.

Characteristics of European countries in the table

The country	Form of government	Territorial device
Bulgaria
Bosnia and Herzegovina
United Kingdom
Germany
Ireland
Iceland
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Macedonia
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
San Marino
Slovakia
Slovenia
Finland
Montenegro
Croatia
Switzerland

M - monarchy
R - republic
U - unitary
F - federation

As can be seen from the table, most of the countries of Foreign Europe are unitary republics. An interesting fact is that almost the entire Northern region is represented by monarchies. In the Eastern region, all countries are republics. In the Southern and Western regions, republics and monarchies are approximately equally divided.

What have we learned?

The political map of Foreign Europe is formed from 40 states that have borders between themselves and other regions. Countries have land and sea borders. The form of government is dominated by republics with a unitary organization of the territory.

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Interactive map of Europe online with cities. Satellite and classical maps of Europe

Europe is a part of the world located in the northern hemisphere of the Earth (on the continent of Eurasia). The map of Europe shows that its territory is washed by the seas of the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. The area of ​​the European part of the mainland is more than 10 million square kilometers. Approximately 10% of the world's population (740 million people) lives on this territory.

Satellite map of Europe at night

Geography of Europe

In the 18th century, V.N. Tatishchev proposed to accurately determine the eastern border of Europe: along the ridge of the Ural Mountains and the Yaik River to the Caspian Sea. At present, on a satellite map of Europe, one can see that the eastern border runs along the eastern foot of the Ural Mountains, along the Mugodzhar mountains, along the Emba River, the Caspian Sea, the Kume and Manych rivers, and also along the mouth of the Don.

Approximately ¼ of the territory of Europe falls on the peninsulas; 17% of the territory is occupied by mountains such as the Alps, the Pyrenees, the Carpathians, the Caucasus, etc. The highest point in Europe is Mont Blanc (4808 m), and the lowest is the Caspian Sea (-27 m). The largest rivers of the European part of the mainland are the Volga, Danube, Dnieper, Rhine, Don and others.

Peak Mont Blanc - the highest point in Europe

States of Europe

The political map of Europe shows that approximately 50 states are located on this territory. It is worth noting that only 43 states are officially recognized by other countries; five states are located in Europe only partially, and 2 countries have limited recognition or are not recognized at all by other countries.

Europe is often divided into several parts: Western, Eastern, Southern and Northern. Western European countries include Austria, Belgium, Great Britain, Germany, Liechtenstein, Ireland, France, Monaco, Luxembourg, Switzerland and the Netherlands.

On the territory of Eastern Europe are Belarus, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova, Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland and Romania.

Political map of Europe

On the territory of Northern Europe are the Scandinavian countries and the Baltic countries: Denmark, Norway, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Sweden, Finland and Iceland.

Southern Europe is San Marino, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Vatican City, Greece, Andorra, Macedonia, Albania, Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Malta and Slovenia.

Partly in Europe are countries such as Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. The unrecognized entities include the Republic of Kosovo and the Transnistrian Moldavian Republic.

Danube river in Budapest

Politics of Europe

In the field of politics, the leaders are the following states of Europe: France, Germany, Great Britain and Italy. To date, 28 European states are part of the European Union - a supranational association that determines the political, trade and monetary activities of the participating countries.

Also, many European countries are part of NATO - a military alliance in which, in addition to European countries, the United States and Canada take part. Finally, 47 states are members of the Council of Europe, an organization that implements programs to protect human rights, protect the environment, and so on.

Events on Maidan in Ukraine

For 2014, the main centers of instability are Ukraine, where hostilities unfolded after Russia annexed Crimea and the events on the Maidan, as well as the Balkan Peninsula, where the problems that arose after the collapse of Yugoslavia have not yet been resolved.

Note to the tourist

Europe is part of the Eurasian continent. This part of the world is home to 10% of the world's population. Europe owes its name to the heroine of ancient Greek mythology. Europe is washed by the seas of the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. Inland seas - Black, Mediterranean, Marmara. The eastern and southeastern border of Europe runs along the Ural Range, the Emba River and the Caspian Sea.

In ancient Greece, it was believed that Europe is a separate continent that separates the Black and Aegean Seas from Asia, and the Mediterranean Sea from Africa. Later it was found that Europe is only part of a huge mainland. The area of ​​the islands that make up the continent is 730 thousand square kilometers. 1/4 of the territory of Europe falls on the peninsulas - the Apennine, Balkan, Kola, Scandinavian and others.

The highest point in Europe is the top of Mount Elbrus, which is 5642 meters above sea level. On the map of Europe with countries in Russian, it can be seen that the largest lakes in the region are Geneva, Chudskoye, Onega, Ladoga and Balaton.

All European countries are divided into 4 regions - Northern, Southern, Western and Eastern. Europe includes 65 countries. 50 countries are independent states, 9 are dependent and 6 are unrecognized republics. Fourteen states are islands, 19 are inland, and 32 countries have access to the oceans and seas. On the map of Europe with countries and capitals, the borders of all European states are indicated. Three states have their own territories, both in Europe and in Asia. These are Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkey. Spain, Portugal and France have part of their territory in Africa. Denmark and France have their territories in America.

The European Union consists of 27 countries, and NATO members - 25. The Council of Europe has 47 states. The smallest state in Europe is the Vatican, and the largest is Russia.

The collapse of the Roman Empire marked the beginning of the division of Europe into East and West. Eastern Europe is the largest region of the continent. In the Slavic countries, the Orthodox religion prevails, in the rest - Catholicism. Cyrillic and Latin scripts are used. Western Europe unites Latin-speaking states. This part of the continent is the most economically developed part in the world. The Scandinavian and Baltic states unite to form Northern Europe. South Slavic, Greek and Romance countries form Southern Europe.

The video lesson is dedicated to the topic “Foreign Europe. Composition, political map. This topic is the first not only in the section of lessons devoted to Foreign Europe, but also the first in the regional geography of the 10th grade. You will get to know the old Europe, which continues to play a leading role in the modern economy due to its financial, geopolitical influences and features of the economic and geographical position. The teacher will tell in detail about the composition, borders, history, countries of Foreign Europe.

Topic: Regional characteristics of the world. Foreign Europe

Lesson:Foreign Europe. Composition, political map

Europe is a part of the world with an area of ​​​​about 10 million km² (of which 5.1 million km² fall on Foreign Europe, in relation to the CIS countries) and a population of 740 million people (about 10-11% of the world's population). The average height is about 300 m, the maximum is 4808 m, Mount Blanc.

Rice. 1. Mont Blanc

Features of the geographical location:

1. The length from north to south (from the island of Svalbard to the island of Crete) is 5 thousand km, and from west to east - more than 3 thousand km.

2. Relief "mosaic" of its territory: lowlands and elevated territories. Among the mountains of Europe, most of the average height. The borders pass mainly along such natural boundaries that do not create obstacles for transport links.

3. High degree of indentation of the coastline.

4. Coastal position of most countries. The average distance from the sea is 300 km. In the western part of the region there is no place more than 480 km away from the sea, in the eastern part - 600 km.

5. The "depth" of the territory of most countries is small. So in Bulgaria and Hungary there is no place that would be removed from the borders of these countries by more than 115-120 km.

6. Neighborhood favorable for integration processes.

7. Favorable position in terms of contacts with the rest of the worlds, because located at the junction with Asia and Africa, far advanced into the ocean - "a large peninsula of Eurasia."

8. Diversity of natural resources, but non-complex distribution across countries, many deposits are largely depleted.

Europe is usually divided into Northern and Southern, Western and Eastern, this is rather conditional, especially since not only purely geographical, but also political factors come into play here.

A single economic, political and financial space is being formed in foreign Europe.

The vast majority of countries are members of the UN. Switzerland joined the UN in September 2002, NATO members - 14 countries, EU members - 15 countries. Most of the countries belong to the industrialized group. Four countries: Germany, Great Britain, France and Italy are part of the "big seven countries of the West." A special place on the economic map of the region is occupied by post-socialist countries or countries with economies in transition.

Council of Europe- an international organization that promotes cooperation between all European countries in the field of legal standards, human rights, democratic development, legality and cultural interaction. Founded in 1949, the Council of Europe is Europe's oldest international organization. The best-known organs of the Council of Europe are the European Court of Human Rights, acting in accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, and the Commission of the European Pharmacopoeia.

Rice. 2. Emblem of the Council of Europe

After the collapse of the socialist regimes, the situation changed markedly. Most of the countries of the former "socialist camp" reoriented towards Western structures. Currently, more than half of the states of Europe are members of the European Union and NATO, and almost all the rest declare their desire to join these organizations.

The following events had the greatest influence on the formation of the political map of Europe: the First World War, the Second World War, the collapse of the USSR and the entire world socialist system. Until the mid-1980s, there were 32 sovereign states, including microstates. Since the beginning of the 90s - about 40 states.

At present, there are more than 40 states in Europe. Most of the states in the form of government are republics, 12 monarchies. According to the administrative - territorial structure, all countries (except Belgium, Germany, Austria and Switzerland) are unitary. Largest countries by area: France, Spain, Sweden, Germany, Finland. Largest countries by population: Germany, France, Great Britain, Italy. Four states of foreign Europe are members of the Big Seven: France, Germany, Italy, Great Britain. Germany is considered the main economy of Europe.

Rice. 3. Political map of Europe

Homework

Topic 6, Item 1

1. What are the features of the geographical and economic-geographical position of the countries of foreign Europe?

2. What regions (sub-regions) are distinguished in Foreign Europe?

Bibliography

Main

1. Geography. A basic level of. Grades 10-11: textbook for educational institutions / A.P. Kuznetsov, E.V. Kim. - 3rd ed., stereotype. - M.: Bustard, 2012. - 367 p.

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Additional

1. Economic and social geography of Russia: Textbook for universities / Ed. prof. A.T. Khrushchev. - M.: Bustard, 2001. - 672 p.: ill., cart.: tsv. incl.

Encyclopedias, dictionaries, reference books and statistical collections

1. Geography: a guide for high school students and university applicants. - 2nd ed., corrected. and dorab. - M.: AST-PRESS SCHOOL, 2008. - 656 p.

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14. USE 2011. Geography: Standard examination options: 31 options / ed. V.V. Barabanova. - M.: National Education, 2010. - 280 p.

Materials on the Internet

1. Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements ().

2. Federal portal Russian Education ().

6. Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe ().