12 Comple aegrotum bona spe - Inspire the patient with hope for good! LESSON 3 Noun. Grammar categories. Dictionary form. Noun base. Declension of nouns. The structure of an anatomical term with an inconsistent definition. NOMEN SUBSTANTĪVUM (NOUN) Grammar categories (parameters of change): I. Genus (gender) masculinum (m) - male femininum (f) - female neutrum (n) - middle II. Numerus (number) Singularis (Sing.) - singular Pluralis (Plur.) - plural III. Casus (case) Nominatīvus (Nom.) - nominative (who? What?) Genetīvus (Gen.) - genitive (of whom? What?) Datīvus (Dat.) - dative (to whom? What?) Accusatīvus (Acc.) - accusative (whom? what?) Ablatīvus (Abl.) - deferred (by whom? by what?) Vocatīvus (Voc.) - vocative (address) Practical noun stem For those nouns whose genitive singular stem does not match the nominative singular stem , for the practical BASIS of the noun we take the form of the genitive case of the singular without the case ending: Nom. Sing. cortex Gen. Sing. corticis cortic -is (bark) (barks) stem case ending Nom. Sing. articulation Gen. Sing. articulationis articulation -is (joint) (joint) stem case ending Nom. Sing. tempus Gen. Sing. temporis tempor -is (temple) (temple) stem case ending 13 Cave, ne laedas - Be careful not to harm. Dictionary form of the noun: All Latin words should be memorized only in dictionary form, i.e. as they appear in the dictionary. The dictionary form of a Latin noun includes three components: 1 + 2 + 3 form Nom. Sing. ending Gen. Sing. genus designation = dictionary form sutura, ae, f sutura, ae f musculus, i, m musculus, i m cornu, us, n cornu, us n NB: If in Gen. Sing. the noun changes its stem, the second component of the dictionary form will indicate not only the ending Gen. Sing., but also the final part of the practical stem: cortex, icis, m (stem cortic -) articulatio, onis f (stem articulation -) tempus, oris n (stem tempor -) NB: In the case of monosyllabic nouns in second place the dictionary form indicates the full form of the noun in Gen. Sing. os, ossis, n pars, partis, f declension Declension is a set of changes in the inflected part of speech according to grammatical categories. The nature of changes in grammatical categories is called the type of declension. In Latin, there are 5 types of declensions, each of which has its own paradigm (a set of word forms). NB: The Latin declension type is determined by the ending Gen. Sing. End Gen. Sing Declension type - ae I -i II - is III - us IV - ēi V 14 Diagnosis bona - curatio bona - Good diagnosis - good treatment For example: I II III IV V vertebra, ae f musculus, i m corpus, oris n ductus, us m facies, ēi f columna, ae f nervus, i m pars, partis, f arcus, us m species, ēi f lamina, ae f olecranon, i n cortex, icis m meatus, us m dies, ēi m, f apertura, ae f sulcus, i m os, ossis n cornu, us n res, rēi f linea, ae f manubrium, i n functio, ōnis f genu, us n fides, ēi f Characteristics of declension types ccl. gender ending ending example Nom. Sing. Gen. Sing. I f -a - ae scapula, ae f (scapula) II m - us nasus, i m (nose) - er puer, i m (boy) -i labium, i n (lip) n - um olecranon, i n (ulnar - on process ) III m -os, -or, -o flos, floris m (flower) -er, -es, -ex ureter, eris m (ureter) juventus, utis f (youth) f -as, -es, -is, -us, -ns, pars, partis f (part) -rs, -nx, -lx, -ax, -ix, radix, icis f (root) -ux, ox, -do, -go, -io - is cartilago, inis f (cartilage) n - e, -al, -ar, -en, -c abdomen, inis n (stomach) - us, -ur, -ut, -ma ulcus, eris n (ulcer) IV m - us - us ductus, us m (duct) n -u cornu, us n (horn) V f - es - ēi facies, ēi f (surface) substance of the flat bones of the skull) Nom. Sing-e Gen. Sing - es f systole, es f (systole, rhythmic contraction of the heart) diastole, es f (relaxation of the heart) dyspnol, es f (shortness of breath) raphe, es f (seam) Alol, es f (aloe) The stress is on the third syllable from the end of the word 2. Nom. Sing. – es Diabētes, ae m (diabetes) Gen. Sing. – ae, mascītes, ae m (ascites, dropsy of the abdominal cavity) tympanītes, ae m (tympanitis, tympanic tone) 15 Hygiena amica valetudinis – Hygiene is a friend of health General rules for determining gender The ending Nom Sing is a sign of grammatical gender in Latin. -a f lamina, ae f (I) NB: Nouns of Greek origin on – ma n coma, atis n (III) - um acetabulum, i n (II) - on n skeleton, i n (II) - en pecten, inis n (III ) -u genu, us n (IV) - us m sulcus, i m (II) arcus, us m (IV) NB: Quite often (in the III declension) it is impossible to determine the gender of a noun only by the ending Nom. Sing. In these cases, to determine the genus, one should take into account the nature of the change in the base in Gen. Sing. For example: Nom. Sing. Gen. Sing. Genus - us (salus) -utis, -udis (salutis) f - us (pectus) -uris, oris, eris (pectoris) n - es (pubes) -is (pubis) f - es (pes) -etis, - edis, -itis, -idis (pedis) m Structure of an anatomical term with an inconsistent definition A term with an inconsistent definition consists of a defined (main) noun in the context case and one or more defining (subordinate) nouns used in the genitive case. Defined noun what? angle (Nominativus) angulus (Nom. Sing) Defining noun of what? sternum (Genetivus) sterni (Gen. Sing.) 16 Natura sanat, medicus curat morbos - nature heals, the doctor heals diseases For example: what? pedunculus (leg) ligamentum (ligament) of what? arcus (arcs) tuberculi (tubercle) of what? vertebrae (vertebrae) costae (ribs) Exercises 1. Determine the declension of nouns according to their dictionary form: mandibula, ae; organon, in; magister, trim; meatus, us m; squama, ae f; origo, inis f; mediastinum, i n; limen, inis n; section, onis f; scala, ae f; porus i m; processus, usm; labrum, i n; tarsus, im; venter, trism; sinus, usm; caries ēif; pylorus, im; mollities, ēi f; patella, ae f; oculus, im; iris, idisf; encephalon, i n; gingiva, ae f. 2. Highlight the practical basis of nouns: hallux, ucis m; flexor, oris m; pharynx, ngis m; articulatio, onis f; lien, enis m; glans, glandis f; femur, oris n; diastema, atis n; cor, cordis n; stapes, edis m; sroma, atis n; radix, icis f; perionyx, ychism; pons, pontis m; impressio, onis f; flumen, inis n; apex, icism; chi-asma, atis n; cavitas, atis f; calx, calcis f, paries, etis m. 3. Translate from Latin into Russian, determine the dictionary form, declension of each word: musculus dorsi, cortex cerebelli, facies tibiae, angulus oculi, ansa nervi, circulus iridis, corona glandis, corpus maxillae, medulla renis, nodus ligamenti, cavum tympani, lamina mucosae, lobus cerebri, musculus digiti, processus ossis, canalis radicis dentis, pediculus arcus vertevrae, fascia diaphragmatis pelvis, ductus glandulae oris, canalis cervicis uteri. 4. Using a dictionary, translate from Russian into Latin: carpal ligament, perineal membrane, cheek muscle, dental papilla, cerebral fossa, ankle surface, cochlear nerve, ovarian medulla, lamina septum, lung lobule, column of fornix, bursa muscles of the back, fossa of the head of the femur, artery of the tympanic cavity (cavity of the drum), head of the phalanx of the finger, node of the arch of the vein, apex of the head of the fibula. , aperture of the cochlear tubule, ligament of the neck of the rib. Did you know that ... Artery (arteria, ae f) - a blood vessel through which blood moves from the heart to the organs and parts of the body. The term "artery", created in the early period of ancient Greek medicine, helps to restore the ancient, erroneous ideas of the Greeks about the structure of the human body. As etymology shows, the term "artery" consists of two parts (alr - air + tereo - contain) and reflects the idea that the artery contains air. The ancient Greeks believed that since after the death of a person these vessels are empty, in a living person they also contain nothing but air. Therefore, for a long time, Greek anatomists did not find a functional difference between the arteries proper and the trachea. 17 Medicus amicus et servus aegrotum - The physician is the friend and servant (helper) of the sick. ACTIVITY 4 Adjective. Grammar categories. Classification of adjectives. Dictionary form. Declination. Noun agreement. Structure of an anatomical term with an agreed definition Structure of a combined term. NOMEN ADJECTĪVUM (ADJECTĪVUM) An adjective has the same grammatical categories as a noun, i.e. gender (genus), number (numerus), case (casus). An adjective, unlike a noun, has a full set of grammatical generic endings. Just like nouns, Latin adjectives change in number and case (that is, they decline and refer to one or another type of declension). The choice of the grammatical form of the adjective (gender, number, case) depends on the noun to which this adjective is given (i.e. the adjective agrees with it in gender, number, case). CLASSIFICATION OF ADJECTIVES GROUPS I Adjectives of three endings m f n Nom. Sing. longus (long) longa (long) longum (long) Gen. Sing. longi longae longi II declension I declension II declension Nom. Sing. liber (free) libera (free) liberum (free) Gen. Sing liberi liberae liberi II declension I declension II declension NB: Adjectives of the 1st group include adjectives of 3 endings of I-II declensions, having in Nom. Sing.: m - us / er, f - a, n - um. The dictionary form of adjectives of the 1st group includes three components: 1 + 2 + 3 form Nom. Sing., m ending Nom. Sing., f ending Nom. Sing., n = dictionary form longus a, um longus, a, um liber a, um liber, a, um 18 Nec quisquam melior medicus quam fidus amicus – There is no better doctor than a true friend 2nd GROUP ADJECTIVES m f n Nom. Sing. celĕber (healing) celebris (healing) сelebre (healing) Adjectives of three endings Gen. Sing. celebris (III declension) m f n Nom. Sing. сeler (fast) celĕris (fast) celĕre (fast) Gen. Sing. celĕris (III declension) Adjectives Adjectives of one ending with two endings m f n Nom. Sing. costalis (costal) costalis (costal) costal (costal) Gen. Sing. costalis (III declension) m f n Nom. Sing. simplex (simple) simplex (simple) simplex (simple) Gen. Sing. simplĭcis (III declension) m f n Nom. Sing. teres (round) teres (round) teres (round) Gen. Sing. terětis (III declension) NB: Adjectives of the 2nd group include adjectives of the III declension (in Gen. Sing. they all have the ending - is and a single stem): three endings that have in Nom. Sing. ending m - er, f - is, n - e of two endings that have in Nom. Sing. ending m, f - is, n - e of the same ending, having in Nom. Sing. ending m, f, n - x / s The dictionary form of adjectives with 3 endings is similar to the dictionary form of adjectives of the 1st group: 1 + 2 + 3 form Nom. Sing., m ending Nom. Sing., f ending Nom. Sing., n = dictionary form сeler ĕris ĕre celer, ĕris, ĕre The dictionary form of adjectives with 2 endings contains 2 components: 1 + 2 single form Nom. Sing., m + f ending Nom. Sing., n = dictionary form costalis, e costalis, e 19 Praesente medico nihil nocet – In the presence of a doctor, everything is permitted The dictionary form of adjectives with one ending has 2 components. Unlike the dictionary form of adjectives with 3rd and 2nd endings, it indicates the difference in stems in Nom. and Gen. Sing. 1 + 2 single shape Nom. Sing., m + f +n Fragment of modified stem = dictionary form + single ending Gen. Sing. simplex, ĭcis simplex, ĭcis Principles of adjective-noun agreement An adjective agrees in gender, number and case with the noun. For example: Nom. Sing, f Nom. Sing, m, f, n fossa, ae f + longus, a, um fossa longa (long fossa) Nom. Sing, n Nom. Sing, m, f, n foramen, inis n + longus, a, um foramen longum (long hole) Nom. Sing, m Nom. Sing, m, f, n pes, pedis m + longus, a, um pes longus (long foot) gender, number and case. This type of connection is called agreement and can be represented as a scheme: determined agreed noun adjective processus palatīnus what? what offshoot? palatal 20 Tempus vulnera sanat - Time heals (heals) wounds NB: If several agreed definitions are given to one noun at once, they are arranged in the following order: sutura palatīna transversa (seam) (palatal) (transverse) the 1st adjective being defined indicates 2 -th adjective indicates a noun relation to the anatomical shape, size, spatial formation, position, etc. The structure of the combined term NB: 1. If several definitions are given to the same noun, including agreed and inconsistent definitions, the inconsistent definition is put in the first place after the noun being defined, then the agreed one. Let's put it in the form of a diagram: the noun determined by incisura is inconsistent what? tenderloin sterni definition of what? sternum agreed jugularis definition what? jugular For example: sinus pericardii transverses: Russian word order: transverse pericardial sinus Latin word order: transverse pericardial sinus sulcus linguae medius: Russian word order: medial sulcus of the tongue Latin word order: median sulcus of the tongue facies acromii articularis: Russian word order: articular surface of the acromion Latin word order: acromion articular surface Exercises 1. a) Match the adjectives in brackets with the nouns: Processus (alveolaris,e; calcaneus, a, um; frontalis, e; mastoideus, a, um); musculus (alaris, e; profundus, a, um; auricularis, e; biventer, tra, trum; brevis, e; longitudinalis, e; cutaneus, a, um; brachialis, e; rectus, a, um; scalenus, a, um); ligamentum (dorsalis, e; deltoideus, a, um; fibrosus, a, um; palmaris, e; pubicus, a, um; annularis, e; teres, etis, cruciatus, e, um; thyroideus, a, um); vena (angularis, e; coronaries, a, um; gastricus, a, um; centralis, e; cavus, a, um); fructus (dulcis, e; amarua, a, um, maturus, a, um); oculus (dexter, tra, trum; sinister, tra, trum); nervus (abducens, ntis; lacrimalis, e; facialis, e; petrosus, a, um; plantaris, e; vagus, e, um). 21 Mollities corpus debilitat – Softness relaxes the body b) Match the adjectives with the nouns in brackets: Superficial (vein, muscle, ligament); pulmonary (depression, vein, glomus, surface, area); transverse (sinus, plate, muscle, process, septum); vertebral (pillar, hole, notch, arc, process); thyroid (cartilage, tubercle, gland, node). 2. Translate, name the dictionary form of each word: Ala orbitalis, canalis facialis, columna thoracica, ligamentum deltoiodeum, concha sphenoidalis, crus sinistrum, ganglion ciliare, papilla incisiva, caput obliquum, capsula fibrosa, extremitas sternalis, nucleus arcuatus, nervus radialis, lamina externa, septum dorsale, pulpa radicularis, nodus thyroideus, tuberculum caroticum, junctura synovialis, angulus frontalis, intestinum tenue, membrana pharyngea. 3. a) Translate, explain the structure of the term, name the dictionary form of each word: Ansa cervicalis superficialis, ligamentum metacarpeum transversum, nodus lymphaticus lateralis, nervus alveolaris anterior, musculus papillaris sinister, membrana intercostalis interna, plica palatina transversa; musculus obturatorius externus, ligamentum sacrococcygeum dorsale superficiale; b) membrana antebrachii intercostalis, sulcus linguae medianus, lobus cerebelli cranialis, ligamentum carpi transversum, lamina mucosae muscularis, nervus scapulae dorsalis, lobus pulmonis medius, septum nasi osseum; tunica oris mucosa, musculus linguae longitudinalis profundus, atrium cordis sinistrum; c) ligamentum ductus venosi, ductus lobi caudati, fossa sacci lacrimalis, hamulus ossis hamati, pars vaginae fibrosae, bursa musculi teretis, foramen venae cavae, fundus vesicae felleae, nervus meatus auditorii externi. 4. Translate: a) Palatine veil, horizontal plate, incisive canal, thoracic fascia, radial ligament, articular surface, mucous membrane, orbital fissure, fat body, ischial notch; b) saphenous nerve of the neck, caecum of the tongue, internal base of the skull, deep perineal muscle, lateral tibial condyle, lateral ligament of the joint, dorsal tubercle of the radius; c) arch of the cricoid cartilage, opening of the pulmonary trunk, sulcus of the auditory tube, duct of the caudate lobe, tuberosity of the scaphoid, surface of the cervical vertebra, hook of the hamate. Did you know that… Fibula is the fibula. In ancient Rome, fibula was a buckle for fastening clothes, consisting of a needle and a staple, connected with a hinge, or made from a single springy spiral. The bracket was often decorated with snakes. Various types of brooches are known, especially in works of artistic craft from the time of the Roman Empire. Tibia - tibia. In ancient Rome, the tibia was a wind instrument, the Latin equivalent of the Greek aulos. Playing the tibia accompanied, mainly, cult ceremonies. Tibia was improved by the Etruscans and Romans (funnel-shaped extension).
May refer to: Fārs Province, modern Persian language name for Pars Province, central Iranian kingdom of the ancient Persian empire Pars News Agency and Pars Agency, names of the national Iranian news agency prior to the Iranian Revolution in 1979 … Wikipedia
Pars- steht für: das lateinische Wort für Teil (siehe auch: pars pro toto, Part, Partie) das türkische Wort für Leopard, Panther einen türkischen Radpanzer, siehe Pars (Panzer) eine alte Bezeichnung für das Perserreich eine alte Bezeichnung für die… … Deutsch Wikipedia
PARS 3LR- PARS 3 Long Range PARS 3 LR Type Air to surface, air to air, surface to air, and surface to surface missil … Wikipedia
PARS 3LR- Allgemeine Angaben Typ: Panzerabwehrlenkwaffe ... Deutsch Wikipedia
parsh- PÂRŞ, pârşi, s.m. Nume dat mai multor specii de mamifere din familia rozătoarelor, cu aspect intermediar între veveriţă şi şoarece, lungi de circa 20 centimetri, cu coadă lungă şi stufoasă, cu blană moale şi bogată, cu blană moale şi bogată, cu şicochi şi bogată, cu cicochi mari cuită …
pars- pars; pars lied; pars nip; pars er; pars ley; pars-leyed; … English syllables
PARS- vox πολύσημος, inter alia, regionem notat, apud Sulp. Severum Histor. l. 1.et in Capitul. 3. ad L. Sal. quomodo Galli dicunt, Partie. Apud Patres passim Schismaticos, qui in Ecclesia schisma amplectuntur, seu qui Haereticis adhaerent, significat … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
pars- porción, parte Diccionario ilustrado de Terminos Medicos. Alvaro Galiano. 2010. pars Véase parte. Diccionario Mosby Medicina, Enfermería y Ciencias de la Salud, Ediciones Hancourt, S.A. 1999 … Diccionario medico
PARS- is a four letter acronym that can mean:* Pakistan Amateur Radio Society * Programmed Airline Reservation System … Wikipedia
Pars.- (tis). See Partner... Michelson's Big Explanatory Phraseological Dictionary (original spelling)
Pars- (lat.), Theil; P. aliquōta, so v.w. Aliquoter Theil; P. quota, ein Theil der Erbschaft, welcher blos relativ nach seinen Verhältnissen zum Ganzen bestimmt ist, z.B. 1/3; P. quanta, welcher absolut bestimmt ist, z.B. eine bestimmte Geldsumme … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
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331. Abductor digiti minimi(manus) (PNA; abductor digiti quinti manus, BNA, JNA; abductor digiti minimi brevis manus), the muscle that abducts the little finger of the hand is the muscle of the palm; origin: pisiform bone, tendon of the ulnar flexor of the wrist, pisi-uncinate ligament, sometimes the flexor retinaculum; attachment: ulnar edge of the base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger
332. Abductor digiti minimi(pedis) (PNA; abductor digiti quinti pedis, BNA, JNA; abductor digiti minimi pedis), the muscle that abducts the little toe of the foot is the muscle of the sole of the foot that abducts and flexes the V finger; beginning: lateral process of the tubercle and plantar surface of the calcaneus, tuberosity of the V metatarsal bone, plantar aponeurosis; attachment: proximal phalanx of the fifth finger
333. Abductor digiti minimi brevis manus, short muscle that abducts the little finger of the hand - see.
334. Abductor digiti minimi pedis, muscle that removes the little toe of the foot - see.
335. Abductor digiti quintimanus(BNA, JNA), muscle that removes the fifth finger of the hand - see. Abductor digiti minimi (manus)
336. Abductor digiti quinti pedis(BNA, JNA), muscle that removes the fifth toe - see. Abductor digiti minimi (pedis)
337. Abductor externus pollicis, the external muscle that removes the thumb of the hand - see. Abductor pollicis brevis
338. Abductor hallucis(PNA, BNA, JNA, pollicem abducens), the muscle that removes the big toe - the muscle of the sole of the foot that flexes and abducts the big toe, strengthening the medial part of the arch of the foot; beginning: medial process of the calcaneal tuberosity, tuberosity of the navicular bone, retinaculum of the flexor tendons and plantar aponeurosis; insertion: proximal phalanx of the thumb, medial sesamoid bone and metatarsophalangeal joint capsule
339. Abductor pollicis brevis(PNA, BNA, JNA; abductor externus pollicis), a short muscle that abducts the thumb of the hand - a muscle of the palm that abducts and partially opposes the thumb; origin: flexor retinaculum and tubercle of the navicular bone; insertion: base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb
340. Abductor pollicis longus(PNA, BNA, JNA; abductor pollicis major), long muscle that abducts the thumb of the hand - the muscle of the back of the forearm, which abducts the thumb and the entire hand; origin: posterior surface of the radius and ulna, intermuscular membrane: insertion: base I metacarpal bone
341. Abductor pollicis major, a large muscle that removes the thumb of the hand - see. Abductor pollicis longus
342. adductor brevis(PNA, BNA, JNA; adductor femoris brevis, adductor parvus), short adductor muscle - the muscle of the anterior region of the thigh, adducting, bending and rotating it outward; origin: anterior surface of the pubic bone; insertion: medial lip of the rough line of the femur
343. adductor femoris brevis, short muscle that adducts the thigh - see. adductor brevis
344. adductor gracilis, thin adductor muscle - see. Gracilis
345. Adductor hallucis(PNA, BNA, JNA), the muscle that adducts the big toe - the muscle of the sole of the foot, which strengthens its arch, adducts and flexes the thumb: beginning: oblique head (caput obliguum) - cuboid and lateral sphenoid bones, plantar, calcaneocuboid and long plantar ligament, bases II - V metatarsal bones; transverse head (caput transversum) - capsule II - V metatarsophalangeal joints and deep transverse metatarsal ligament; insertion: proximal phalanx of the thumb and lateral sesamoid bone
346. Adductor longus(PNA, BNA, JNA; adductor magnus femoris, adductor pectinealis, pubiofemoralis), adductor longus muscle - the muscle of the anterior region of the thigh, adducting, bending and rotating it outward; beginning: pubic bone and cartilage of the pubic symphysis; insertion: middle third of the medial lip of the rough line of the femur
347. adductor magnus(PNA, BNA, JNA; adductor profundus magnus femoris, custos virginum), the large adductor muscle is the muscle of the anterior region of the thigh that leads it; beginning: ischial tubercle, lower branches of the pubic and ischial bones; insertion: medial lip of the rough line and medial epicondyle of the femur
348. adductor magnus femoris, the large muscle that adducts the thigh - see. Adductor longus
349. adductor parvus, short adductor muscle - see. adductor brevis
350. adductor pectinealis, scallop adductor muscle - see. Adductor longus
351. adductor pollicis(PNA, BNA, JNA), the muscle that adducts the thumb of the hand - the muscle of the palm that adducts and partly opposes the thumb; beginning: oblique head (caput obliquum) - bases of II - III metacarpal bones, capitate bone, radiant ligament of the wrist; transverse head (caput transversum) - heads of the II - III metacarpal bones and the palmar surface of the III metacarpal bone; attachment: base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb, medial sesamoid bone of the 1st metacarpophalangeal joint
352. adductor profundus magnus femoris, a large deep muscle that adducts the thigh - see. adductor magnus
353. Anconeus(PNA, anconaeus, BNA, JNA; epitrochleoanconaeus, BNA; anconaeus posterior, brachialis posterior), the ulnar muscle is the muscle of the posterior region of the elbow and forearm, which extends it and retracts the capsule of the elbow joint; origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus, radial collateral ligament of the wrist; insertion: posterior margin of the ulna, its proximal quarter
354. Anconaeus posterior, posterior ulnar muscle - see. Anconeus
355. Angularis oris inferior, lower muscle of the angle of the mouth - see. Depressor anguli oris
356. Antitragicus(PNA, BNA, JNA), antitragus muscle - the muscle of the auricle, pulling the antitragus; beginning: antitragus of the auricle; attachment: interstitial notch
357. aponeuroticus, aponeurotic muscle - see Tensor fasciae latae
358. Arrectores pilonim(PNA, BNA, JNA), raising hair muscles - smooth muscle fibers of the papillary dermis, going to the hair follicles and sebaceous glands
359. articularis genus(PNA, JNA; articularis genu, BNA), the articular muscle of the knee is a muscle of the anterior region of the thigh, pulling up the capsule of the knee joint, preventing the possibility of its infringement between the femur and the patella; origin: anterior surface of the femur; insertion: capsule of the knee joint
360. Aryepiglotticus(PNA, BNA, JNA; depressor epiglottidis), scoop-epiglottic muscle - a muscle of the larynx that pulls the epiglottis down and narrows the entrance to the larynx; is a continuation of the oblique interarytenoid muscle to the edge of the epiglottis
361. Arytaenoideus obliquus(BNA) - see Arytenoidus obliquus
362. Arytaenoideus transversus(BNA) - see Arytenoidus transversus
363. Arytenoidus obliquus(PNA; arytaenoideus obliquus, BNA; pars obliqua m. arytaenoidei, JNA; interarytaenoideus obliquus), the oblique arytenoid muscle is a muscle of the larynx that narrows the entrance to it and its vestibule; origin: muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage; attachment: tip of the arytenoid cartilage of the opposite side
364. Arytenoidus transversus(PNA; arytaenoideus transversus, BNA; pars transversa m. arytaenoidei, JNA; interarytenoideus proprius), the transverse arytenoid muscle is an unpaired muscle of the larynx, narrowing the back of the glottis, located between the posterior surfaces and the muscular processes of both arytenoid cartilages
365. aryvocalis, arytenoid muscle - see. Vocalis
366. Auricularis anterior(PNA, BNA; auricularis temporalis, JNA; epicranius superficialis), the anterior hope muscle is a rudimentary muscle of the auricle, pulling it forward; beginning: tendon helmet and superficial sheet of the temporal fascia; attachment: auricle
367. Auricularis nuchalis(JNA), nuchal ear muscle - see. Auricularis posterior
368. Auricularis posterior(PNA, BNA; auricularis nuchalis, JNA; epicranius auricularis posterior), the posterior auricular muscle is a rudimentary muscle of the auricle, pulling it posteriorly; beginning: mastoid process of the temporal and superior nuchal line of the occipital bone; attachment: auricle
369. Auricularis superior(PNA, BNA; pars parietalis m. epicranii temporoparietalis, JNA; epicranius auricularis superior), the upper ear muscle is a rudimentary muscle of the auricle, pulling it up and pulling the tendon helmet; beginning: tendon helmet and superficial sheet of the temporal fascia; attachment: auricle
370. Auricularis temporalis(JNA), temporal auricular muscle - see. Auricularis anterior
371. Biceps brachii(PNA, BNA, JNA; flexor antibrachii radialis, quadrigeminus brachiqi), the biceps of the shoulder is a muscle of the anterior region of the shoulder that flexes the forearm at the elbow joint, supinates the forearm, and participates in abduction and flexion of the arm in the shoulder joint; beginning: long head (caput longum) - supraarticular tubercle of the scapula, short head (caput breve) - top of the coracoid process of the scapula; attachment: tuberosity of the radius, fascia of the forearm
372. Biceps cruris, biceps calf - see Biceps femoris
373. Biceps femoris(PNA, BNA, JNA; biceps cruris, flexor cruris externus), the biceps femoris muscle is the muscle of the back of the thigh, which extends it, flexes the lower leg and rotates them outward; beginning: long head (caput longum) - ischial tubercle, short head (caput breve) - lateral lip of the rough line of the femur; insertion: head of the fibula, lateral condyle of the tibia and fascia of the leg
374. Biventer mandibulae(JNA), digastric muscle of the lower jaw - see. Digastricus
375. Biventer ossis hyoidei, digastric muscle of the hyoid bone - see Digastricus
376. Brachialis(PNA, BNA, JNA; brachialis anterior, brachialis internus, flexor antibrachii ulnaris), the brachial muscle is the muscle of the anterior region of the shoulder, which flexes the forearm at the elbow joint, slightly supinating it, and pulling back the capsule of the elbow joint; beginning: anterior surface of the humerus from the deltoid tuberosity to the capsule of the elbow joint, medial and lateral intermuscular septa; attachment: tuberosity of the ulna
377. Brachialis anterior, anterior shoulder muscle - see. Brachialis
378. Brachialis internus, internal shoulder muscle - see. Brachialis
379. brachialis posterior, posterior shoulder muscle - see. Anconeus
380. Brachioradialis(PNA, BNA, JNA; supinator longus), the brachioradialis muscle is the muscle of the anterior region of the forearm, which flexes it at the elbow joint and sets the radius in the middle position between pronation and supination; origin: lateral edge of the humerus and lateral intercondylar septum; insertion: lateral surface of the radius proximal to the styloid process
381. Bronchoesophageus(PNA; bronchooesophageus, BNA; bronchooesophagicus, JNA), bronchoesophageal muscle - a thin triangular muscle plate extending from the posterior wall of the left bronchus and woven into the left longitudinal muscle layer of the esophageal wall
382. Bronchooesophageus(BNA), bronchoesophageal muscle - see. Bronchoesophageus
383. Bronchooesophagicus(JNA), bronchoesophageal muscle - see. Bronchoesophageus
384. Buccae, cheek muscle - see Buccinator
385. Buccinator(PNA, BNA; buccinatorius, JNA; buccae), buccal muscle - a muscle of the buccal region of the face, pulling the corner of the mouth to the sides, pressing the cheek to the teeth, squeezing the cheeks, protecting the mucous membrane of the cheek from biting when chewing; beginning: alveolar process of the upper jaw, buccal crest and alveolar part of the lower jaw, pterygomandibular suture; attachment: skin and mucous membrane of the corner of the mouth; passes into the circular muscle of the mouth
386. Buccinatorius(JNA), buccal muscle - see. Buccinator
387. Bulbocavemosus(BNA, JNA), bulbous-cavernous muscle - see. Bulbospongiosus
388. Bulbospongiosus(PNA; bulbocavemosus, BNA, JNA; bulbourethralis, constrictor cunni, levator penis, pubocavemosus, sphincter vaginae), the bulbous spongy muscle is an unpaired muscle of the perineum that compresses the urethra in men and the vestibule of the vagina in women; beginning: tendinous center of the perineum, external sphincter of the anus, in men - the lower surface of the bulb of the penis; attachment: in men - the bulb of the penis, in women - the lower surface of the clitoris, the back surface of the bulb of the vestibule, the mucous membrane of the vestibule of the vagina
389. bulbourethralis, bulbourethral muscle - see. Bulbospongiosus
390. caninus(BNA, JNA), canine muscle - see Levator anguli oris
391. Cephalopharyngicus(JNA), cephalopharyngeal muscle - see.
392. Ceratocricoideus(PNA, BNA, JNA; cricothyreoideus posticus), carob-cricoid muscle - a fickle muscle bundle on the back surface of the cartilage of the larynx; beginning: plate of the cricoid cartilage and musculus cricoarytenoideus post.; attachment: lower horn of the thyroid cartilage
393. Chondroglossus(PNA, BNA), cartilaginous muscle - part of the fibers m. hyoglossus; origin: lesser horn of the hyoid bone; attachment: tongue root
394. Ciliaris(PNA, BNA, JNA), ciliary muscle - a combination of three groups of smooth muscle fibers: meridional (fibrae meridionales, Brücke muscle), radial (fibrae radiales, Ivanov's muscle) and circular (fibrae circulares, Muller's muscle), located in the thickness of the ciliary body and changing the tension of the lens capsule in the process of accommodation of the eye
395. Cleidhoideus, clavicular-hyoid muscle - see. Stemohyoideus
396. Coccygeus(PNA, BNA; coccygicus, JNA; iliococcygeus), the coccygeal muscle is the muscle of the pelvic diaphragm, which strengthens the pelvic floor; origin: ischial spine and pelvic surface, sacro-spinous ligament; attachment: lateral edges of IV, V sacral vertebrae and coccyx, sacrospinous ligament
397. Coccygicus(JNA), coccygeal muscle - see. Coccygeus
398. constrictor cunni, muscle that compresses the genital slit - see. Bulbospongiosus
399. Constrictor labiorum, muscle that compresses the lips - see. Orbicularis oris
400. (PNA, BNA; laryngopharyngicus, JNA), inferior constrictor of the pharynx - a muscle of the posterolateral wall of the pharynx, narrowing its cavity; beginning: pars thyreopharyngea - from the oblique line of the thyroid cartilage of the larynx, pars cricopharyngea - from the cricoid cartilage; attachment: seam of the pharynx on its back wall
401. Constrictor pharyngis medius(PNA, BNA; hyopharyngicus, JNA), the middle constrictor of the pharynx is a muscle of the posterolateral wall of the pharynx, narrowing its cavity; beginning: pars chondropharyngea - from the lesser horn of the hyoid bone and the stylohyoid ligament; pars ceratopharyngea - from the large horn of the hyoid bone; attachment: seam of the pharynx on its back wall
402. Constrictor pharyngis superior(PNA, BNA; cephalopharyngicus, JNA), superior constrictor of the pharynx - a muscle of the posterolateral wall of the pharynx, narrowing its cavity; beginning: pars pterygopharyngea - from the medial plate and hook of the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone, pars buccopharyngea - from the buccal-pharyngeal fascia and pterygomandibular suture, pars mylopharyngea - from the maxillary-hyoid line of the lower jaw, pars glossopharyngea - from the musculus transversus lingue; attachment: seam of the pharynx on its back wall, for the upper fibers - the pharyngeal tubercle of the body of the occipital bone
403. Coracobrachialis(PNA, BNA, JNA; perforatus, levator humeri internus), the coracobrachial muscle is a muscle of the upper limb that flexes the shoulder at the shoulder joint and brings it to the midline; origin: apex of the coracoid process of the scapula; attachment: medial surface of the humerus distal to the crest of the lesser tubercle, medial intermuscular septum
404. Corrugator glabellae(JNA), muscle wrinkling the glabella - see. Corrugator supercilii
405. corrugator menti, muscle wrinkling the chin - see. Mentalis
406. Corrugator supercilii(PNA; corrugator glabellae, JNA; frontalis verus), the muscle wrinkling the eyebrow is mimic
a muscle that moves the eyebrows, forming longitudinal folds between them; origin: nasal part of the frontal bone;
attachment: eyebrow skin
407. costalis dorsi(BNA), costal muscle of the back - see. Iliocostalis thoracis
408. Cremaster(PNA, BNA, JNA; cremaster externus), the muscle that lifts the testicle is a muscle located along
spermatic cord; beginning: separate bundles from m. obliquus internus abdominis, etc. transversus abdominis,
inguinal ligament and anterior wall of the vagina m. rectus abdominis; insertion: around the testicle
409. Cremaster externus, external muscle that lifts the testicle - see. Cremaster
410. Cricoarytaenoideus dorsalis(JNA), dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle - see. Cricoarytenoidus posterior
411. Cricoarytenoidus lateral is (PNA), lateral cricoarytenoid muscle - a muscle of the larynx that narrows the glottis; origin: cricoid cartilage and cricoid ligament; insertion: muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
412. Cricoarytenoidus posterior(PNA; cricoarytaenoideus dorsalis, JNA; cricoarytenoideus posticus), posterior cricoarytenoid muscle - a muscle of the larynx that expands the glottis; beginning: plate of the cricoid cartilage; insertion: muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
413. Cricothyreoidus anticus, anterior cricothyroid muscle - see. Cricothyroideus
414. Cricothyreoidus posticus, posterior cricothyroid muscle - see. Ceratocricoideus
415. Cricothyroideus(PNA; cricothyreoideus anticus), the cricothyroid muscle is a muscle of the larynx that strains
vocal cords; origin: arch of the cricoid cartilage; attachment: plate and lower horn of the thyroid cartilage
416. Cubitoradialis, ulnar muscle - see Pronator quadratus
417. Custos virginum, muscle "guardian of virginity" - see. adductor magnus
418. cutaneus manus, skin muscle of the hand - see. Palmaris brevis
419. Deltoides(JNA), deltoid muscle - see.
Deltoideus
420. Deltoideus(PNA, BNA; deltoides, JNA; elevator humeri), the deltoid muscle is a muscle that occupies the deltoid region of the upper limb, abducting the shoulder in the shoulder joint to a horizontal position, the anterior bundles take the arm forward and somewhat rotate inward, and the posterior bundles take the arm back to 45° angle and rotated outwards:
beginning: lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula, sometimes infraspinatus fascia; attachment: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
421. Dentatus posterior superior, serratus posterior superior muscle Serratus posterior superior
422. Dentatus posterior inferior, serratus posterior inferior - see Serratus posterior inferior
423. Depressor anguli oris(PNA; triangularis, BNA, JNA; depressor labiorum communis, angularis oris inferior, pyramidalis menti), the muscle that lowers the corner of the mouth is a mimic muscle that lowers the corner of the mouth and pulls it outward; beginning: the lower edge of the lower jaw outward from the mental tubercle; attachment: skin of the corner of the mouth
424. Depressor capitis supercilii(JNA), the muscle that lowers the head of the eyebrow - see. Depressor superciiii
425. Depressor epiglottidis, muscle that lowers the epiglottis - see. Aryepigiotticus
426. Depressor giabeiiae(JNA), the muscle that lowers the glabella - see. Procerus
427. Depressor labii inferioris(PNA; quadratus labii inferioris, BNA; quadratus labii quadratus mandibularis, JNA; quadratus inferior, quadratus menti, depressor labii inferioris proprius, mentolabialis), the muscle that lowers the lower lip is a mimic muscle that pulls the lower lip down and laterally; beginning: lower edge of the lower jaw, platysma; attachment: skin of the lower lip
428. Depressor labii inferioris proprius, own muscle that lowers the lower lip - see. Depressor labii inferioris
429. Depressor labiorum communis, common muscle that lowers the lips - see. Depressor anguli oris
430. Depressor ossis hyoidei, muscle that lowers the hyoid bone - see. Sternohyoideus
431. Depressor septi mobilis narium, muscle that lowers the movable septum of the nostrils - see. Depressor septi nasi
432. Depressor septi nasi(PNA, BNA; origo nasalis m. orbicularis oris, JNA; depressor septi mobilis narium, nasalis labii superioris, nasolabialis), the muscle that lowers the nasal septum is a mimic muscle that lowers the tip of the nose; beginning: alveolar elevation of the upper medial incisor and musculus orbicularis oris; attachment: skin and cartilage of the nasal septum
433. Depressor supercilii(PNA; depressor capitis supercilii, JNA; superciliaris medialis), the muscle that lowers the eyebrow is the mimic muscle that lowers the eyebrow; origin: frontal abdomen musculus epicranius; attachment: skin of the back of the nose
434. Depressor vesicae urinariae, Pubovesical
435. depressor vesicalis, muscle that lowers the bladder - see. Pubovesical
436. Diaphragma(PNA, BNA, JNA; diaphragmaticus, phrenicus), diaphragm - a muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and is involved in breathing; beginning: sternal part (pars sternalis) - xiphoid process of the sternum, costal part (pars costalis) - inner surface of VII - XII ribs, lumbar part (pars lumbalis) - XII thoracic, I - IV lumbar vertebrae, medial and lateral arcuate ligaments; attachment (of muscle fibers): tendinous center of the diaphragm
437. diaphragma oris, diaphragm of the mouth - see Mylohyoideus
438. Diaphragma pelvis(PNA, BNA, JNA), pelvic diaphragm - the common name for the muscles (m. levator ani, musculus pubococcygeus, musculus levator prostatae, musculus puborectalis, musculus iliococcygeus) that form the bottom of the small pelvis
439. Diaphragma urogenitale(PNA, BNA, JNA), muscular-fascial plate located under the pubic
symphysis formed by m. transervus perinei profundus, musculus sphincter urethrae and the fascia covering them, through which the vagina and urethra pass; in men, the bulbourethral gland lies in it, in women - a large gland of the vestibule
440. Digastricus(PNA, BNA; biventer mandibulae, JNA; digastricus maxillae inferioris, biventer ossis hyoidei), digastric muscle - muscle of the anterior region of the neck, raising the hyoid bone and lowering the lower jaw; beginning: anterior abdomen (venter ant.) - digastric fossa of the lower jaw, posterior abdomen (venter post.) - mastoid notch of the temporal bone; insertion: body and greater horn of the hyoid bone
441. Digastricus maxillae inferioris; digastric muscle of the lower jaw - see. Digastricus
442. Digitorum manus profundi, deep muscles of the fingers - see. Interossei palmares
443. Dilatator pharyngis, pharyngeal dilator - see Stylopharyngeus
444. Dilatator pupillae(PNA, BNA, JNA), pupil dilator - a collection of smooth muscle fibers located radially in the iris and dilating the pupil
445. Dilatator tubae Eustachii, Eustachian tube dilator - see Tensor veli palatini
446. director penis, the muscle that guides the penis, see. Ischiocavernosus
447. Dorsalis maximus, large muscle of the back - see. Latissimus dorsi
448. Elevator, levator brachii muscle, cf. Deltoideus
449. epicranii(JNA), supracranial muscle - see. epicranius
450. epicranius(PNA, BNA, epicranii, JNA), the epicranial muscle is the muscle of the cranial vault, which shifts the tendon helmet and the skin of the scalp, raises the eyebrows and gathers the skin of the forehead into transverse folds; beginning: occipital abdomen (venter occipitalis) - the upper nuchal line of the occipital bone with the transition to the tendon helmet; frontal abdomen (venter frontalis) - a tendon helmet with interweaving of the skin of the eyebrows
451. epicranius auricularis posterior, posterior auricular supracranial muscle - see.
Auricularis posterior
452. Epicranius auricularis superior, superior auricular supracranial muscle - see. Auricularis superior
453. epicranius superficialis, superficial cranial muscle - see. Auricularis anterior
454. Epitrochleoanconaeus(BNA) - see Anconeus
455. erector penis, the muscle that straightens the penis, see Ischiocavernosus
456.erector spinae(PNA; sacrospinalis, BNA, JNA), the muscle that straightens the body, is the common name for a group of muscles,
straightening the body: musculus iliocostalis, musculus longissimus, musculus spinalis
457.extensor abductorus, abductor extensor - see Extensor carpi ulnaris
458. (PNA, BNA, JNA; extensor carpi rectus), short radial extensor of the wrist - muscle of the posterior region of the forearm, extensor brush; origin: lateral padcondyle of the humerus, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament of the radius; attachment: base III. and sometimes II metacarpal bone
459. (PNA, BNA, JNA; radialis externus longus, radialis externus primus), long radial extensor of the wrist - a muscle of the posterior region of the forearm, extensor brush, diverting it to the radial side and flexing the forearm; origin: lateral edge of the humerus, lateral epicondyle and lateral intermuscular septum; attachment: foundation of the II metacarpal bone
460. Extensor carpi rectus, extensor carpi rectus - see Extensor carpi radialis brevis
461. Extensor carpi ulnaris(PNA, BNA, JNA; extensor abductorius), ulnar extensor of the wrist - the muscle of the posterior region of the forearm, which extends the hand and takes it to the elbow side; origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus, radial collateral ligament, posterior edge of the ulna and fascia of the forearm; attachment: tuberosity of the V metacarpal bone
462. Extensor digiti minimi(PNA; extensor digiti quinti proprius, BNA, JNA), extensor of the little finger - the muscle of the back of the forearm, which extends the little finger; origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus, lateral intermuscular septum, annular ligament of the radius and fascia of the forearm; attachment: the base of the distal and middle phalanges of the little finger along with the tendon m. extensor digitorum manus
463. Extensor digiti quinti proprius(BNA, JNA), own extensor of the V finger of the hand - see. Extensor digiti minimi
464. Extensor digitorum brevis pedis(PNA, BNA, JNA), short extensor of the toes - the muscle of the rear of the foot, which unbends the II - IV fingers in the metatarsophalangeal joints and takes them outward; origin: dorsal surface of the calcaneus and lower retinaculum of the extensor tendons; attachment: dorsal aponeuroses II - IV fingers
465. Extensor digitorum communis(BNA, JNA), common extensor of the fingers - see. Extensor digitorum manus
466. Extensor digitorum communis longus pedis, common long extensor of the toes - see.
467. Extensor digitorum longus pedis(PNA, BNA, JNA; extensor digitorum communis longus pedis, extensor digitorum pedis sublimis), the long extensor of the toes is a muscle of the anterior region of the lower leg, extensor of the foot and II - V fingers, penetrating and abducting the foot outward; beginning: lateral condyle of the tibia, head and anterior edge of the fibula, interosseous membrane, anterior intermuscular septum and fascia of the leg; attachment: dorsal aponeurosis II - V fingers
468. Extensor digitorum manus(PNA; extensor digitorum communis, BNA, JNA; extensor digitorum radialis), the extensor of the fingers of the hand is the muscle of the posterior region of the forearm, extensor II - V fingers and the entire hand; origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament of the radius and fascia of the forearm; insertion: base of distal and middle phalanges of II - V fingers
469. Extensor digitorum manus profundus, deep extensor of the fingers of the hand - see. Extensor indicator
470.Extensor digitorum pedis sublimis, superficial extensor of the toes - see. Extensor digitorum longus pedis
471. Extensor digitorum radialis, radial extensor of the fingers - see. Extensor digitorum manus
472. Extensor hallucis brevis(PNA, BNA, JNA), short extensor of the big toe - the muscle of the rear of the foot, which extends the big toe and pulls it outward: origin: the back surface of the calcaneus and the lower retinaculum of the extensor tendons; insertion: proximal phalanx of thumb
473. Extensor hallucis longus(PNA, BNA, JNA), long extensor of the big toe - the muscle of the anterior region of the lower leg, which extends the big toe and is involved in the extension and supination of the foot; beginning: medial surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane; attachment: distal phalanx of the fifth finger
474. Extensor indicator(PNA; extensor indicis proprius, BNA, JNA; extensor digitorum manus profundus, indicator), extensor of the index finger - a muscle in the back of the forearm that extends the index finger; origin: posterior surface of the ulna; attachment: dorsal aponeurosis of the II finger
475. Extensor indicis proprius(BNA, JNA), own extensor of the index finger - see. Extensor indicator
476. Extensor pollicis brevis(PNA, BNA, JNA; extensor pollicis minor), the short extensor of the thumb is the muscle of the posterior region of the forearm, which extends and partly abducts the thumb; beginning: interosseous edge of the ulna, interosseous membrane, posterior surface of the radius; insertion: proximal phalanx of thumb
477. Extensor pollicis longus(PNA, BNA, JNA), the long extensor of the thumb is a muscle of the posterior region of the forearm, extensor and partly adducting the thumb; beginning: interosseous edge of the ulna and interosseous edge and posterior surface of the radius; insertion: distal phalanx of thumb
478. Extensor pollicis minor, small extensor of the thumb of the hand - see.
Extensor pollicis brevis
479. Extensores interossei, interosseous extensors - see. Interossei dorsales manus
480. femoris internus, inner thigh muscle - see Gracilis
481. Fibularis brevis(JNA), short peroneal muscle - see. Peroneus brevis
482. Fibularis longus(JNA), long peroneal muscle - see. Peroneus longus
483. Fibularis tertius(JNA), the third peroneal muscle - see. Peroneus tertius
484. Flexor accessorius(PNA), accessory flexor - see Quadratus plantae
485. Flexor antibrachii radialis, radial flexor of the forearm - see. Biceps brachii
486. Flexor antibrachii ulnaris, ulnar flexor of the forearm - see. Brachialis
487. Flexor carpi radialis(PNA, BNA, JNA; radialis internus, radialis anterior, radialis anticus, flexor manus radialis), the radial flexor of the wrist is a muscle of the anterior region of the forearm, which flexes and abducts the hand, somewhat penetrating it; beginning: medial epicondyle of the humerus, intermuscular septa, fascia of the forearm; attachment: palmar surface of the base of the II metacarpal bone
488. Flexor carpi ulnaris(PNA, BNA, JNA), ulnar flexor of the wrist - a muscle of the anterior region of the forearm, flexing and adducting the hand; beginning: humeral head (caput humerale) - medial epicondyle of the humerus and medial intermuscular membrane; ulnar head (caput ulnare) - olecranon, posterior surface of the ulna, fascia of the forearm; attachment: pisiform bone, and through the pisi-hook and pisi-metacarpal ligaments - the hamate and V metacarpal bones
489. Flexor cruris externus, external flexor of the lower leg - see. Biceps femoris
490. (PNA: flexor digiti quinti manus, BNA, JNA; flexor digiti minimi manus), short flexor of the little finger of the hand - a muscle of the palm that flexes the proximal phalanx of the little finger and adducts it; origin: hamate hook and flexor retinaculum; attachment: proximal phalanx of the fifth finger
491. (PNA; flexor digiti quinti brevis pedis, BNA, JNA), short flexor of the little toe of the foot - the muscle of the sole of the foot, bending the little toe, taking it to the side and strengthening the longitudinal arch of the foot; origin: base of the fifth metatarsal bone, long plantar ligament and tendon sheath musculus peroneus longus; attachment: base of the proximal phalanx of the fifth finger
492. Flexor digiti minimi manus, flexor of the little finger of the hand (own) - see. Flexor digiti minimi brevis manus
493. Flexor digiti quinti brevis pedis(BNA, JNA), short flexor of the fifth toe - see. Flexor digiti minimi brevis pedis
494. Flexor digiti quinti manus(BNA, JNA), flexor of the fifth finger - see. Flexor digiti minimi brevis manus
495. Flexor digitorum brevis pedis(PNA, BNA, JNA), short flexor of the toes - the muscle of the sole of the foot that flexes the fingers; beginning: calcaneal tubercle and plantar aponeurosis; attachment: middle phalanges II - V fingers
496. Flexor digitorum communis profundus, common deep flexor of the fingers of the hand - see.
497. (PNA, BNA, JNA; lexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum perforans pedis, flexor tibialis) beginning: posterior surface of the tibia and interosseous membrane; insertion: distal phalanges II - V fingers
498. Flexor digitorum perforans pedis, perforating flexor of the toes - see. Flexor digitorum longus pedis
499. Flexor digitorum perforatus, perforating flexor of the fingers of the hand - see.
500. Flexor digitorum profundus manus(PNA, BNA, JNA; flexor digitorum communis profundus), the deep flexor of the fingers of the hand is the muscle of the anterior region of the forearm, which flexes the distal phalanges of the II-V fingers, with a strong contraction of the flexing brush; beginning: anterior surface of the ulna and interosseous membrane; insertion: distal phalanges II - V fingers
501. Flexor digitorum profundus, deep flexor of fingers - see. Flexor digitorum longus pedis
502. Flexor digitorum sublimis(BNA), superficial flexor of the fingers - see. Flexor digitorum superficialis manus
503. Flexor digitorum superficialis manus(PNA, JNA; flexor digitorum sublimis, BNA; flexor digitorum perforatus), the superficial flexor of the fingers of the hand is a muscle of the anterior region of the forearm that flexes the middle and proximal phalanxes of the II-V fingers, with a strong contraction participating in the flexion of the hand; beginning: humerulnar head (caput humeroulnare) - medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna, radial head (caput radiate) - upper part of the radius; attachment: middle phalanges II - V fingers
504. Flexor hallucis brevis(PNA, BNA, JNA), short flexor of the big toe - the muscle of the sole of the foot that flexes the big toe; origin: medial sphenoid bone and plantar calcaneocuboid ligament; insertion: base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb, sesamoid bones of the first metatarsophalangeal joint
505. Flexor hallucis longus(PNA, BNA, JNA), long flexor of the big toe - the muscle of the back of the leg, bending the big toe and foot in the plantar direction, supinating and adducting it; Start:
posterior surface of the fibula, interosseous membrane and posterior intermuscular membrane; attachment:
base of the distal phalanx of the big toe
506. Flexor manus radialis, radial flexor of the hand - see. Flexor carpi radialis
507. Flexor pollicis brevis(PNA, BNA, JNA), short flexor of the thumb - a palm muscle that flexes the proximal phalanx of the thumb and somewhat opposes it; beginning: superficial head (caput superficiafe) - flexor retinaculum, deep head (caput profundum) - trapezoid bone, trapezoid and capitate bones, base of the first metacarpal bone; attachment: sesamoid bones of the I metacarpophalangeal joint, base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb
508. Flexor pollicis longus(PNA, BNA, JNA), long flexor of the thumb of the hand - a muscle of the anterior region of the forearm, which flexes the distal phalanx of the thumb, which is involved in bending the hand; origin: anterior surface of the radius distal to the tuberosity, interosseous membrane, often medial epicondyle of the humerus; insertion: base of the distal phalanx of the thumb
509. Flexor tibialis, tibial flexor - see Flexor digitorum longus pedis
510. frontalis verus, true frontalis muscle - see. Corrugator supercilii
511. Gastrocnemius(PNA, BNA, JNA; gemelli surae), gastrocnemius muscle - the muscle of the back of the lower leg, which is part of the musculus triceps surae; beginning: popliteal surface, medial and lateral condyles of the femur, capsule of the knee joint; attachment: calcaneal tendon to the calcaneal tuber together with m. soleus and musculus plantaris
512. Gastrocnemius internus, internal calf muscle - see. Soleus
513. Gemelli surae, twin muscle of the lower leg - see. Gastrocnemius
514. Gemellus inferior(PNA, BNA; gemellus tuberalis, JNA), the lower gemellus muscle is the muscle of the gluteal region, which rotates the thigh outward; origin: ischial tubercle of the ischium; attachment: trochanteric fossa of the femur
515. Gemellus spinalis(JNA), spinous twin muscle - see. Gemellus superior
516. Gemellus superior(PNA, BNA; gemellus spinalis, JNA), the upper gemellus muscle is the muscle of the gluteal region, which rotates the thigh outward; origin: ischial spine of the ischium; attachment: trochanteric fossa of the femur
517. Gemellus tuberalis(JNA), tuberous gemelus muscle - see. Gemellus inferior
518. Genioglossus(PNA, BNA, JNA), genio-lingual muscle - the muscle of the tongue, with a unilateral contraction, deflecting it to the side, with a bilateral contraction, pushing it forward; beginning: mental spine of the lower jaw; attachment: mucous membrane of the tongue; the lower bundles are attached to the epiglottis and hyoid bone
519. Geniohyoideus(PNA, BNA, JNA), the geniohyoid muscle is the muscle of the anterior region of the neck, located above the hyoid bone, pulling it up and forward and lowering the lower jaw; beginning: mental spine of the lower jaw; insertion: body of hyoid bone
520. Glossopalatinus(BNA, JNA), lingo-palatine muscle - see. Palatoglossus
521. Glutaeus anterior, gluteus anterior - see Tensor fasciae latae
522. Glutaeus lateralis, lateral gluteal muscle - see. Tensor fasciae latae
523. Glutaeus profundus, deep gluteal muscle - see. Gluteus minimus
524. Glutaeus tertius, the third gluteal muscle - see. Gluteus minimus
525. Gluteus maximus(PNA, BNA, JNA), gluteus maximus muscle - the muscle of the gluteal region, which extends the thigh, turns it somewhat outward and strains the fascia of the thigh; when standing, straightens the torso bent forward; origin: ilium, lateral edge of the sacrum, coccyx, lumbar-thoracic fascia, sacrotuberous ligament; attachment: gluteal tuberosity of the femur, wide fascia of the thigh
526. Gluteus medius(PNA, BNA, JNA), the gluteus medius muscle is the muscle of the gluteal region that abducts the free leg, the anterior bundles rotate the thigh inward, the posterior bundles outward; when standing, tilts the body to its side; beginning: the outer surface of the ilium between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines, the iliac crest, the wide fascia of the thigh; insertion: greater trochanter of the femur
527. Gluteus minimus(PNA, BNA, JNA; gluteus profundus, glutaeus tertius), gluteus minimus - the muscle of the gluteal region, which abducts the thigh, tilting the pelvis to the side when standing; beginning: the outer surface of the ilium between the anterior and lower gluteal lines; insertion: greater trochanter of the femur
528. Gracilis(PNA, BNA, JNA; gracilis intemus, adductor gracilis, femoralis intemus), thin muscle - the muscle of the anterior region of the thigh, adducting the thigh, bending the lower leg and turning it inwards; origin: inferior branch of the pubic bone; insertion: tibial tuberosity and fascia of the leg
529. Gracilis intemus, internal thin muscle - see. Gracilis
530. Helicis major(PNA, BNA, JNA), a large muscle of the curl - the muscle of the auricle, pulling the anterior part,
curl down; beginning: awn of the curl; attachment: elevation of the triangular fossa of the auricle
531. Helicis minor(PNA, BNA, JNA), small muscle of the curl - the muscle of the auricle, pulling the front of the curl
down; beginning: slit of the curl; attachment: curl stalk
532. Hyoglossus(PNA, BNA, JNA), hyoid-lingual muscle - the muscle of the tongue, pulling it down and back;
origin: upper lateral part of the body and greater horn of the hyoid bone; attachment: back and edge of the tongue
533. Hyopharyngicus(JNA), hyoid-pharyngeal muscle - see. Constrictor pharyngis medius
534. Iliacus(PNA, BNA; ilicus, JNA; iliacus internus), iliac muscle - part of m. iliopsoas; origin: iliac
fossa, superior and inferior anterior iliac spines; insertion: lesser trochanter of the femur
535. Iliacus extemus, external iliac muscle - see Pyramidalis abdominis
536. Iliacus externus piriformis, pear-shaped external iliac muscle - see. Piriformis
537. Iliacus internus, internal iliac muscle - see Iliacus
538. Ilicus (JNA), iliac muscle - see Iliacus
539. iliococcygeus, iliococcygeal muscle - see. Coccygeus
540. Iliocostalis(PNA, BNA, JNA; sacrolumbalis, lumbocostalis), iliocostalis muscle - a set of muscles, with a unilateral contraction of the circumflex torso and neck in its direction, with bilateral contraction - straightening the torso and neck bent forward; distinguish between musculus iliocostalis cervicis, musculus iliocostalis thoracis, musculus iliocostalis lumborum
541. Iliocostalis cervicis(PNA, BNA), iliocostal muscle of the neck - part of the musculus iliocostalis; beginning: corners of III - IV ribs; attachment: posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of III - IV cervical vertebrae
542. Iliocostalis dorsi(BNA), iliocostal muscle of the back - see. Iliocostalis thoracis
543. Iliocostalis lumborum(PNA, BNA), iliocostal muscle of the lower back - part of the musculus liocostalis; origin: lateral sacral crest, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia; attachment: transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae, deep sheet of the thoracolumbar fascia, corners of the VI - IX ribs
544. Iliocostalis thoracis(PNA; iliocostalis dorsi, BNA; costalis dorsi), iliac-rib muscle of the chest - part of m.
iliocostalis; beginning: corners of VII - XII ribs; attachment: corners of V - VII ribs
545. Iliopsoas(PNA, BNA, JNA), iliopsoas muscle - a muscle consisting of m. iliacus, etc. psoas major, bending the thigh, pulling it to the stomach and turning somewhat to the lateral side; with a fixed lower limb, bends the pelvis and torso anteriorly; beginning: iliac fossa, upper and lower anterior iliac spines, lateral surface of the body and transverse process of the XII thoracic, I - IV lumbar vertebrae; insertion: lesser trochanter of the femur
546. Iliotibialis, ilio-tibial muscle - see. Tensor fasciae latae
547. incisivus inferior, lower incisor muscle - see. Mentalis
548. Incisurae helicis(PNA, JNA; incisurae helicis Santorini, BNA), the curl muscle is a non-permanent rudimentary muscle of the auricle; origin: cartilage of the external auditory canal; attachment: anterior surface of the tragus
549. Incisurae helicis Santorini, curl notch muscle (Santorini) - see Incisurae helicis
550. indicator, index muscle - see Extensor indicator
551. Infra spinam(JNA), infraspinatus muscle - see. Infraspinatus
552. infrascapularis subscapularis muscle - see Subscapulars
553. Infraspinatus(PNA, BNA; infra spinam, JNA), infraspinatus muscle - a muscle of the scapular region that rotates the shoulder
outwards and taking the raised arm back; beginning: infraspinatus fossa of the scapula and infraspinatus fascia; attachment:
greater tubercle of the humerus
554. Interarytaenoideus obliquus, oblique interarytenoid muscle - see. Arytenoidus obliquus
555. interarytaenoideus proprius, own interarytenoid muscle - see. Arytenoidus transversus
556. Intercostales extemi(PNA, BNA, JNA), external intercostal muscles - muscles of the intercostal spaces that raise the ribs, participating in the act of breathing during inhalation: beginning: the lower edge of the overlying rib from the tubercle of the rib to the beginning of the costal cartilage; insertion: upper edge of underlying rib
557. Intercostales intemi(PNA, BNA, JNA), internal intercostal muscles - muscles of the intercostal spaces,
lowering ribs, participating in the act of breathing during exhalation; origin: upper edge of the underlying rib from the sternum to
rib angle; attachment: lower edge of the overlying rib
558. Intercostales intimates(PNA, BNA, JNA), the innermost intercostal muscles - muscle bundles that occupy the deepest position in the intercostal spaces
559. Intercostales lumbales(JNA), lumbar intercostal muscles - see. Intertransversarii laterales et mediates lumborum
560. Intercostotransversarii cervicales(JNA), cervical intercostal-transverse muscles - see.
561. Intercostotransversarii ventrales(JNA), ventral intercostal-transverse muscles - see.
562. Interossei dorsales manus(PNA, BNA, JNA; extensores interossei), dorsal interosseous muscles of the hand - muscles located between the metacarpal bones of the hand, abducting fingers II and IV from III, flexing the proximal and extending the middle and distal phalanges of II, III and IV fingers; beginning: dorsal surfaces of I - V metacarpal bones;
attachment: dorsal aponeuroses and capsules of the metatarsophalangeal joints of II, III and IV fingers
563. Interossei dorsales pedis(PNA, BNA, JNA), dorsal interosseous muscles of the foot - muscles located between the metatarsal bones, flexing the proximal, slightly extending the middle and distal phalanges of the II - IV fingers, abducting the II finger in both directions, III and IV - towards the little finger, participating in strengthening the arch of the foot;
origin (of each muscle): two heads from adjacent metatarsal bones; insertion: proximal phalanges II -
IV fingers (for II - from the lateral and medial side, for III and IV - from the lateral side)
564. Interossei palmares(PNA; interossei volares, BNA, JNA; digitorum manus profundi), palmar interosseous muscles - muscles located between the metacarpal bones, leading the II, IV and V fingers to the axis of the hand, passing through the III finger, flexing the proximal and extending the middle and distal phalanges II, IV and V fingers; beginning: ulnar surface II, radial surface of IV and V metacarpal bones; insertion: proximal phalanges of the metacarpophalangeal joints and dorsal aponeuroses of II, IV and V fingers
565. Interossei plantares(PNA, BNA, JNA), plantar interosseous muscles - muscles located between the metatarsal bones of the foot; bending the proximal phalanges of the III and V fingers and bringing them closer to the II finger;
beginning: III - V metatarsal bones and long plantar ligament; attachment: medial surface of the proximal phalanges and dorsal aponeuroses of III-V fingers
566. Interossei volares(BNA, JNA), palmar interosseous muscles - see. Interossei palmares
567. Interspinals(PNA, BNA, JNA), interspinous muscles - muscle bundles between the spinous processes of the vertebrae, extending the spine bent forward; distinguish: mm. interspinales cervicis, mm. interspinales thoracis, mm. interspinales lumborum
568. Interspinales cervicis(PNA, JNA), interspinous muscles of the neck - part of mm. interspinales, extensor of the cervical spine; beginning: the lower surface of the spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae; attachment: upper surface of the spinous processes of the underlying vertebrae
569. Interspinales lumborum(PNA), interspinous muscles of the lower back - part of mm. interspinales, extensor of the lumbar spine; origin: lower surface of the spinous processes of the lumbar vertebrae;
attachment: upper surface of the spinous processes of the underlying vertebrae
570. Interspinales thoracis(PNA), interspinous muscles of the chest - part of mm. interspinales, extensor of the thoracic spine; origin: lower surface of the spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae; attachment: upper surface of the spinous processes of the underlying thoracic vertebrae, except for IV - X
571. Intertransversarii anteriores(BNA), anterior transverse muscles - see. Intertransversarii anteriores cervicis
572. Intertransversarii anteriores cervicis(PNA; intertransversarii anteriores, BNA; intercostotransversarii ventrales, JNA), anterior transverse muscles of the neck - neck muscles that bend the cervical spine in their direction; origin: anterior tubercles of the transverse processes; attachment: tubercles of the same name of the underlying cervical vertebrae
573. Intertransversarii laterales and mediales(BNA), lateral and medial transverse muscles - see.
574. Intertransversarii dorsales thoracales(BNA), dorsal transverse muscles of the chest - see. Intertransversarii
thoracis
575. Intertransversarii laterales and mediales lumborum(PNA; intertransversarii laterales et mediales, BNA; intercostales lumbales, JNA), lateral and medial transverse lumbar muscles - lumbar muscles that bend the lumbar spine in their direction; beginning: mastoid processes of the lumbar vertebrae; insertion: mastoid and accessory processes of neighboring lumbar vertebrae
576. Intertransversarii posteriores(BNA), posterior transverse muscles - see. Intertransversarii posteriores cervicis
577. Intertransversarii posteriores cervicis(PNA; intertransversarii posteriores, BNA; intercostotransversarii cervicales, JNA), posterior transverse muscles of the neck - neck muscles that flex the cervical spine in the postero-lateral direction; beginning: transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae; attachment: posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the II - VII cervical vertebrae, transverse process of the I thoracic vertebra, tubercle and neck of the I rib
578. Intertransversarii thoracis(PNA; intertransversarii dorsales thoracales, BNA), transverse muscles of the chest - muscles of the spine that bend its thoracic region in its direction; beginning: transverse processes of I - X thoracic vertebrae; insertion: transverse processes of neighboring thoracic vertebrae (II - XI)
579. Ischiocavernosus(PNA, BNA, JNA; director penis, erector penis), sciatic-cavernous muscle - a perineal muscle that compresses the cavernous body and compresses the dorsal vein of the penis or clitoris; origin: ischial tubercle and lower branch of the ischium; insertion: albuginea of the cavernous body of the penis or clitoris
580. Laryngopharyngicus(JNA), pharyngolaryngeal muscle - see. Constrictor pharyngis inferior
581. Latissimus dorsi(PNA, BNA, JNA; dorsalis maximus), the latissimus dorsi muscle is a back muscle that lowers the shoulder and pulls it back and medially with simultaneous rotation inward; beginning: spinous processes of the last four to six thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae, dorsal surface of the sacrum, posterior iliac crest, four lower ribs; insertion: crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
582. Levator angularis oris superior, upper muscle that raises the corner of the mouth - see. Levator anguli oris
583. Levator anguli oris(PNA; caninus, BNA, JNA; levator angularis oris superior, levator labiorum communis), the muscle that raises the corner of the mouth is a mimic muscle that pulls the corner of the mouth upward; beginning: canine fossa of the upper jaw; attachment: skin of the corner of the mouth
584. Levator ani(PNA, BNA, JNA; levator intestini recti, diaphragma pelvis), the muscle that raises the anus, -
the muscle of the pelvic floor, lifting the perineum, raising and narrowing the anus, in women narrowing the vagina; origin: superior branch of the pubic bone, ischial spine, obturator fascia and tendinous arch of the pelvic fascia; attachment: covers the rectum from behind and is attached to the coccyx, part of the fibers is woven into the wall of the rectum
585. Levator humeri internus, internal muscle that lifts the shoulder - see. Coracobrachialis
586. Levator intestini recti, muscle that lifts the rectum Levator ani
587. Levator labii inferioris, muscle that lifts the lower lip Mentalis
588. Levator labii superioris(PNA; caput infraorbitale m. quadrati labii superioris, BNA; levator nasi et labii maxillaris lateralis, JNA), the muscle that lifts the upper lip is a mimic muscle that lifts the upper lip and deepens the nasolabial fold; origin: infraorbital margin of the upper jaw; attachment: upper lip skin
589. (PNA; caput angulare m. quadrati labii superioris, BNA; levator nasi et labii maxillaris medialis, JNA), the muscle that lifts the upper lip and wing of the nose, is a mimic muscle that raises the upper lip and wing of the nose; origin: frontal process of the upper jaw; attachment: skin of the cheek, upper lip and wing of the nose
590. Levator labiorum communis, general muscle that raises the lips - see. Levator anguli oris
591. levator menti, muscle that raises the chin - see. Mentalis
592. Levator nasi et labii maxillaris lateralis, lateral muscle that lifts the nose and upper lip - see. Levator labii
superioris
593. Levator nasi et labii maxillaris medialis(JNA), the medial muscle that lifts the nose and upper lip - see.
Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
594. Levator palpebrae superioris(PNA, BNA, JNA; orbitopalpebralis), the muscle that lifts the upper eyelid is the muscle
eye sockets, lifting the upper eyelid; origin: sphenoid bone around the optic canal and vagina
optic nerve; insertion: cartilage of the upper eyelid
595. levator penis, muscle that lifts the penis, see Bulbospongiosus
596. Levator scapulae(PNA, BNA, JNA), the muscle that lifts the scapula - the muscle of the back of the neck, raising the scapula and bringing it closer to the midline; beginning: posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae; attachment: upper angle of the scapula
597. Levator veli palatini(PNA, BNA, JNA), the muscle that lifts the palatine curtain is the muscle of the soft palate that lifts it, expanding the pharynx and narrowing the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube; beginning: the lower surface of the petrous part of the temporal bone and the cartilaginous part of the auditory tube; attachment: connects with the fibers of the same muscle of the opposite side along the midline of the soft palate
598. (PNA, BNA; transversocostales breves et longi, JNA), short and long muscles that lift the ribs - chest muscles involved in lateral flexion of the spine; beginning: transverse processes of the VII cervical - XI thoracic vertebrae; attachment: musculi levatores costarum breves to adjacent ribs on their back surface, musculi levatores costarum longi - through one rib in the lower thoracic spine
599. Longissimus(PNA, BNA, JNA; semispinatus, transversalis), the longest muscle is a muscle that, with a unilateral contraction, turns the body and tilts its head to its side, and with a bilateral contraction, it straightens the spine bent forward and extends the head; distinguish: musculus longissimus capitis, musculus longissimus cervicis, musculus longissimus thoracis
600. Longissimus capitis(PNA, BNA, JNA), the longest muscle of the head - part of m. longissimus tilting its head
back; beginning: transverse processes of III - VII cervical vertebrae; insertion: mastoid process of the temporal bone
601. Longissimus cervicis(PNA, BNA, JNA), the longest muscle of the neck - part of m. longissimus, extensor of the cervical spine; beginning: transverse processes of the lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae; attachment:
posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of II - V cervical vertebrae
602. longissimus dorsi(BNA, JNA), the longest muscle of the back - see. Longissimus thoracis
603. Longissimus thoracis(PNA; longissimus dorsi, BNA, JNA) - the longest muscle of the chest - part of m. longissimus,
extensor thoracic spine; beginning: spinous, accessory and mastoid processes of the upper sacral, lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae; attachment: corners of the II - XII ribs, transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae
604. (PNA, BNA; longitudinalis profundus, JNA), inferior longitudinal muscle of the tongue
605. longitudinalis profundus(JNA), deep muscle of the tongue - see. Longitudinalis inferior linguae
606. LongitudinaJis superficialis(JNA), superficial muscle of the tongue - see.
607. Longitudinalis superior linguae(PNA, BNA; longitudinalis superficialis, JNA), the upper longitudinal muscle of the tongue - muscle bundles that shorten the tongue, arching its surface in the sagittal direction, and raising the tip of the tongue, located in the upper part of the tongue in the sagittal direction from its root to the tip
608. longus capitis(PNA, BNA, JNA), the longus capitis muscle is a neck muscle that tilts with bilateral
contraction of the head and cervical spine forward; origin: anterior tubercles of the transverse processes III - IV
cervical vertebrae; insertion: basilar part of the occipital bone
609. longus colli(PNA, BNA, JNA), the long muscle of the neck - the muscle of the neck, with unilateral contraction, tilting the neck to the side, with bilateral contraction - forward; beginning: the medial part - the bodies of I - III thoracic and V - VII cervical vertebrae, the upper oblique part - the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the II - V cervical vertebrae, the lower oblique part - the body of the upper thoracic vertebrae; attachment: medial part - bodies of II - V cervical vertebrae, superior oblique part - anterior tubercle of the atlas and body of the axial vertebra, inferior oblique part - anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of V - VII cervical vertebrae
610. lumbocostalis, lumbocostal muscle - see. Iliocostalis
611. Lumbricales manus(PNA, BNA, JNA), worm-like muscles of the hand - muscles of the palmar surface of the hand, flexing the proximal and extending the middle and distal phalanges of the II - V fingers; origin: tendons musculus flexor digitorum profundus; attachment: radial surface of the dorsal aponeurosis of II - V fingers
612. Lumbricales pedis(PNA, BNA, JNA), worm-like muscles of the foot - muscles of the plantar surface of the foot, bending the proximal phalanges of the fingers and pulling them towards the thumb; extension of the middle and distal phalanges is weakly expressed; origin: tendons of the long flexor of the fingers; attachment: proximal phalanges and dorsal aponeuroses of II - V fingers
613. mandibularis externus, external mandibular muscle - see. masseter
614. masseter(PNA, BNA, JNA; mandibularis externus), chewing muscle - a muscle of the lateral region of the face that lifts the lower jaw and pushes it forward; beginning: lower edge and inner surface of the zygomatic arch, temporal fascia; attachment: masticatory tuberosity of the lower jaw
615. masseter internus, internal chewing muscle - see. Pterygoideus medialis
616. Mentalis(PNA, BNA, JNA; levator menti, levator labii inferioris, incisivus inferior, corrugator menti), the chin muscle is a facial muscle that pulls the skin of the chin up and stretches the lower lip; beginning: alveolar elevations of the incisors and canine of the lower jaw; attachment: chin skin
617. Mentolabialis, labio-chin muscle - see. Depressor labii inferioris
618. Multifidus(PNA, BNA, JNA), a multifidus muscle - a muscle located on the back of the spine, with a unilateral contraction, it rotates the spine, with a bilateral contraction, it straightens it; beginning: dorsal surface of the sacrum, dorsal sacroiliac ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, mastoid processes of the lumbar, transverse processes of the thoracic and articular processes of the IV-VII cervical vertebrae; attachment: spinous processes of vertebrae (up to IV cervical)
619. myloglossus, maxillary-lingual muscle - see. Mylohyoideus
620. Mylohyoideus(PNA, BNA, JNA, diaphragma oris, myloglossus), maxillary-hyoid muscle - the muscle of the submandibular triangle of the neck, pulling the hyoid bone upward and anteriorly, lowering the lower
jaw; forms the bottom of the oral cavity: beginning: maxillo-hyoid line of the lower jaw; attachment: body
hyoid bone and the suture between it and the mental spine of the lower jaw
621. Nasalis(PNA, BNA, JNA), nasal muscle - a mimic muscle of the face, lowering the back and wing of the nose, narrowing the nasal openings; beginning: alveolar elevations of the lateral incisor and canine on the upper jaw; attachment: the transverse part is connected on the cartilaginous part of the back of the nose by a tendon aponeurosis with the same muscle of the opposite side; alar part - cartilage and skin of the alar of the nose
622. Nasalis labii superioris, nasal muscle of the upper lip - see. Depressor septi nasi
623. Nasolabialis, nasolabial muscle - see Depressor septi nasi
624. Nasum dilatans, the muscle that expands the nose, see. Procerus
625. Obliquus abdominis externus(JNA), external oblique muscle of the abdomen - see. Obliquus externus abdominis
626. Obliquus abdominis internus(JNA), internal oblique muscle of the abdomen - see. Obliquus internus abdominis
627. Obliquus atlantis(JNA), oblique muscle of the atlas - see. Obliquus capitis inferior
628. Obliquus auriculae(PNA, BNA, JNA), oblique muscle of the auricle - a group of short muscle fibers on the back of the auricle; beginning: elevation of the triangular fossa; attachment: shell elevation
629. Obliquus buibi inferior(JNA), inferior oblique muscle of the eye - see. obliquus inferior
630. Obliquus buibi superior(JNA), superior oblique muscle of the eye - see Obliquus superior
631. Obliquus capitis(JNA), oblique muscle of the head - see. Obliquus capitis superior
632. Obliquus capitis inferior(PNA, BNA; obliquus atlantis, JNA; obliquus capitis major), the lower oblique muscle of the head is a muscle of the neck, with a unilateral contraction, it rotates the atlas and the head in its direction, with a bilateral contraction, it tilts the head back; origin: spinous process of the axial vertebra; insertion: transverse process of atlas
633. Obliquus capitis major, large oblique muscle of the head - see.
Obliquus capitis inferior
634. Obliquus capitis minor, small oblique muscle of the head - see. Obliquus capitis superior
635. Obliquus capitis superior(PNA, BNA; obliquus capitis, JNA; obliquus capitis minor), the upper oblique muscle of the head is a muscle of the neck, with a unilateral contraction, rotating the head in the opposite direction, with bilateral contraction, tilting the head back; origin: transverse process of the atlas; insertion: lateral part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone
636. Obliquus externus abdominis(PNA, BNA; obliquus abdominis externus, JNA), the external oblique muscle of the abdomen is a muscle of the anterior-lateral abdominal wall, with a unilateral contraction, bending the body with rotation in the opposite direction, with a bilateral contraction, tilting the body forward; takes part in the formation of the abdominal press; beginning: V - XII ribs; insertion: lateral lip of the iliac crest, inguinal ligament, pubic tubercle, linea alba
637. obliquus inferior(oculi) (PNA, BNA; obliquus buibi inferior, JNA), the lower oblique muscle is the muscle of the eyeball, which rotates it upwards and to the side; beginning: the lower wall of the orbit, the lateral circumference of the fossa of the lacrimal sac;
attachment: lateral part of the sclera behind the equator of the eyeball
638. Obliquus internus abdominis(PNA, BNA; obliquus abdominis internus, JNA), the internal oblique muscle of the abdomen is the muscle of the anterior-lateral abdominal wall, with a unilateral contraction, bending the body and rotating it in its direction; takes part in the formation of the abdominal press; origin: outer leaf of the lumbospinal fascia, intermediate line of the iliac crest, inguinal ligament; attachment: X - XII ribs and white line of the abdomen
639. Obliquus superior(oculi) (PNA, BNA; obliquus buibi superior, JNA; trochlearis), superior oblique muscle - the muscle of the eyeball, rotating it downwards and to the side; origin: common tendon ring around the optic canal and the adjacent part of the superior orbital fissure, sphenoid bone; attachment: upper surface of the sclera behind the equator of the eyeball
640. Obturator externus(BNA, JNA), obturator externus - see Obturatorius externus
641. Obturator internus(BNA, JNA), obturator internus - see Obturatorius internus
642. Obturatorius externus(PNA; obturator externus, BNA, JNA), obturator externus muscle - the muscle of the pelvis and thigh, which rotates the thigh outward; beginning: the outer surface of the pelvic bone around the obturator foramen and the obturator membrane; attachment: trochanteric fossa of the femur
643. Obturatorius internus(PNA; obturator internus, BNA, JNA), the obturator internus muscle is a pelvic muscle that rotates the thigh outward; beginning: the inner surface of the pelvic bone around the obturator foramen and the obturator membrane; attachment: trochanteric fossa of the femur
644. Ornohyoideus(PNA, BNA, JNA), scapular-hyoid muscle - a muscle of the neck that lowers the hyoid bone; beginning: upper edge and transverse ligament of the scapula; insertion: body of hyoid bone
645. Opponens digiti minimi(manus) (PNA; opponens digiti quinti manus, BNA, JNA), the muscle that opposes the little finger of the hand is the muscle of the palm that pulls the little finger towards the thumb; origin: hamate hook, flexor retinaculum; insertion: ulnar edge of the fifth metacarpal bone
646. Opponens digiti minimi(pedis), a muscle that opposes the little toe of the foot, see. Opponens digiti quinti (pedis)
647. Opponens digiti quinti(manus) (BNA, JNA), the muscle that opposes the fifth finger of the hand, see. Opponens digiti minimi (manus)
648. Opponens digiti quinti(pedis) (BNA, JNA; opponens digiti minimi pedis), the muscle that opposes the fifth toe, is an inconstant muscle of the foot that performs plantar flexion of the fifth metatarsal bone and strengthens the arch of the foot; origin: long plantar ligament and tendon sheath musculus peronaeus longus; attachment: V metatarsal
649. Opponens pollicis(PNA, BNA, JNA), the muscle that opposes the thumb of the hand, is the muscle of the palmar surface of the hand that opposes the thumb to the rest of the hand; origin: tubercle of the polygonal bone and retinaculum of the flexors; insertion: I metacarpal bone
650. Orbicularis oculi(PNA, BNA, JNA), the circular muscle of the eye is a facial muscle that closes the palpebral fissure and expands the lacrimal sac; origin: nasal part of the frontal bone, frontal process of the maxilla, lacrimal bone, medial ligament of the eyelid; attachment: lateral suture of the eyelid, skin of the eyebrows, surrounding muscles; lateral ligament of the eyelid; circularly surrounds the palpebral fissure and lacrimal sac
651. Orbicularis oris(PNA, BNA, JNA; constrictor labiorum), the circular muscle of the mouth is a facial muscle located in the thickness of the lips, surrounding the mouth opening from the corners of the mouth to the midline, compressing the lips, pulling them forward and closing the mouth; origin and insertion: skin and mucous membrane of the lips somewhat lateral to the midline
652. Orbicularis urethrae membranaceae(BNA), the circular muscle of the membranous urethra - see. Sphincter urethrae
653. Orbitalis(PNA, BNA. JNA), orbital muscle - muscle fibers located deep in the orbit and spreading through the inferior orbital fissure
654. Orbitopalpebralis, eyelid muscle - see. Levatorpalpebrae superioris
655. Origo nasalis m. orbicularis oris(JNA), the nasal beginning of the circular muscle of the mouth - see. Depressor septi nasi
656. Palatoglossus(PNA; glossopalatinus, BNA, JNA), palatoglossus muscle - the muscle of the lateral wall of the pharynx, which lowers the palatine curtain and narrows the pharynx; beginning: lower surface of the soft palate; attachment: lateral edge of the base of the tongue
657. palatopharyngeus(PNA; pharyngopalatinus, BNA, JNA), palatopharyngeal muscle - a muscle of the lateral wall of the pharynx, pulling the soft palate down and back until it touches the back wall of the pharynx, bringing together the palatine arches, raising the pharynx, larynx and expanding the lumen of the auditory tube; beginning: aponeurosis of the soft palate, medial plate and hook of the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone, cartilaginous part of the auditory tube; attachment: lateral wall of the pharynx, posterior edge of the plate and lower horn of the thyroid cartilage
658. Palmaris brevis(PNA, BNA, JNA; cutaneus manus), short palmar muscle - the muscle of the palm, stretching the skin of the little finger elevation; origin: ulnar edge of the palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum; insertion: skin of pinky eminence
659. Palmaris longus(PNA. BNA, JNA), the long palmar muscle is the muscle of the anterior region of the forearm, which flexes the hand and strains the palmar aponeurosis; origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus and fascia of the forearm; attachment: palmar aponeurosis
660. Papillares(PNA, BNA, JNA), papillary muscles - the general name for the muscles of the atrioventricular valves of the heart, which hold their valves in a closed state during ventricular systole
661. Papillares parvi(JNA), small papillary muscles - see. Papillares septales
662. Papillaris anterior 1(PNA; papillaris ventralis, JNA), the anterior papillary muscle is the muscle of the right atrioventricular valve, which holds its anterior and posterior valves closed during ventricular systole; beginning: the inner surface of the anterior wall of the right ventricle of the heart; insertion: anterior and posterior leaflets of the right atrioventricular valve
663. Papillaris anterior 2(PNA; papillaris sinister, JNA), the anterior papillary muscle is the muscle of the left atrioventricular valve, which holds its anterior and posterior valves closed during ventricular systole; beginning: the inner surface of the anterior wall of the left ventricle; insertion: anterior and posterior leaflets of the left atrioventricular valve
664. papillaris dexter(JNA), right papillary muscle - see. papillaris posterior
665. Papillaris parvus(JNA), short papillary muscle -1) see. papillaris posterior, 2) see papillaris septales
666. Papillaris posterior 1(PNA; papillaris parvus, JNA), the posterior papillary muscle is the muscle of the right atrioventricular valve, which holds its posterior and septal valves closed during ventricular systole: beginning: inner surface of the posterior wall of the right ventricle; attachment: posterior and septal leaflets of the right atrioventricular valve
667. Papillaris posterior 2(PNA: papillaris dexter, JNA), the posterior papillary muscle is the muscle of the left atrioventricular valve, which holds its anterior and posterior valves closed during ventricular systole: beginning: the inner surface of the posterior wall of the left ventricle; insertion: anterior and posterior leaflets of the left atrioventricular valve
668. Papillares septales(PNA; musculus papillaris parvus, JNA), septal papillary muscles are non-permanent muscles of the right atrioventricular valve that hold its anterior cusp closed during ventricular systole; beginning: muscular part of the interventricular septum; insertion: anterior leaflet of the right atrioventricular valve
669. papillaris sinister(JNA), left papillary muscle - see. Papillaris anterior 2
670. papillaris ventralis(JNA), ventral papillary muscle - see. Papillaris anterior 1
671. pectinalis, comb muscle - see pectineus
672. Pectinati(PNA, BNA; trabeculae carneae, JNA), pectinate muscles - muscle bundles on the inner surface of the wall of the right auricle of the heart and partially of the right atrium, involved in atrial contraction
673. pectineus(PNA, BNA, JNA; pectinalis, primus femoris), the comb muscle is the muscle of the anterior region of the thigh, leading and rotating it outward; origin: pubic crest, pubic tubercle, superior pubic ligament; insertion: pectine line at the proximal end of the medial lip of the rough line of the femur
674. Pectoralis major(PNA, BNA, JNA), pectoralis major muscle - a muscle of the anterior surface of the chest wall, leading the arm to the body and turning it inwards, lowering the raised arm, raising the ribs and sternum, participating in breathing; beginning: clavicle, sternum, cartilages of II - VII ribs, vagina musculus rectus abdominis; insertion: crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus
675. Pectoratis minor(PNA, BNA, JNA), pectoralis minor - muscle of the anterior surface of the chest wall, lowering and pulling the scapula forward; with a fixed scapula, it raises the chest, performing the function of an auxiliary respiratory muscle; beginning: II - V ribs; insertion: coracoid process of the scapula
676. perforatus, perforating muscle - see Coracobrachialis
677. Peronaeus parvus, small peroneal muscle - see. Peroneus tertius
678. Peronaeus posticus, posterior peroneal muscle - see. Peroneus longus
679. peronaeus primus, the first peroneal muscle - see. Peroneus longus
680. Peroneus brevis(PNA; peronaeus brevis, BNA; fibularis brevis, JNA), the short peroneal muscle is the muscle of the lower leg, which flexes the foot in the plantar direction, penetrating and retracting it outward; beginning: lateral surface of the fibula, anterior and posterior intermuscular septa; attachment: V metatarsal bone, sometimes the extensor tendon of the V finger
681. Peroneus longus(PNA; peronaeus longus, BNA; fibularis longus, JNA; peronaeus posticus, peronaeus primus), the long peroneal muscle is the muscle of the lower leg, which flexes the foot in the plantar direction, penetrating and retracting it outward; beginning: lateral condyle of the tibia and upper third of the fibula, capsule of the tibiofibular joint, anterior and posterior intermuscular septa and fascia of the leg; attachment: plantar surface of the medial sphenoid and I metatarsal bones
682. Peroneus tertius(PNA; peronaeus tertius, BNA; fibularis tertius, JNA; peronaeus parvus), the third peroneal muscle is an unstable calf muscle that raises the outer edge of the foot; beginning: lower third of the fibula and interosseous membrane; attachment: the base of the V metatarsal bone together with the V tendon m. extensor digitorum longus
683. Pharyngopalatinus(BNA, JNA), pharyngopalatine muscle - see. palatopharyngeus
684. Pharyngotubalis(JNA), pharyngo-tubal muscle - see. Salpingopharyngeus
685. Phrenicus, diaphragmatic muscle - see Diaphragma
686. Piriformis(PNA, BNA, JNA; primus quadrigeminus, iliacus externus piriformis), the piriformis muscle is the muscle of the gluteal region, which abducts and rotates the thigh outward; beginning: the pelvic surface of the sacrum is lateral to II - IV pelvic sacral openings, the capsule of the sacroiliac joint, the upper edge of the large sciatic notch; insertion: medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
687. Plantaris(PNA, BNA, JNA), plantar muscle - a muscle of the posterior region of the lower leg, which takes part in the plantar flexion of the foot, stretching the capsule of the knee joint and the fascia of the lower leg; beginning: popliteal surface of the femur above the lateral condyle and capsule of the knee joint; attachment: calcaneal tubercle
688. Platysma(PNA; platysma myoides, BNA, JNA), subcutaneous muscle of the neck - a muscle of the neck, pulling the corner of the mouth down; beginning: fascia musculus pectoralis major and musculus deltoideus; insertion: edge of the lower jaw, corner of the mouth, fascia of the parotid gland and masticatory fascia
689. Platysma myoides(BNA, JNA), subcutaneous muscle of the neck - see. Platysma
690. Pleuroesophageus(PNA; pleurooesophageus, BNA; pleurooesophagicus, JNA), pleuroesophageal muscle - strands of smooth muscles starting from the mediastinal pleura, woven into the wall of the esophagus and participating in its contraction
690Pleurooesophageus(BNA), pleuroesophageal muscle - see. Pleuroesophageus
691. Pleurooesophagicus(JNA), pleuroesophageal muscle - see. Pleuroesophageus
692. pollicem abducens, abductor muscle of the thumb - see. Abductor hallucis
693. Popliteus(PNA, BNA, JNA), popliteal muscle - the muscle of the back of the knee, bending the lower leg and turning it inwards; origin: lateral epicondyle of the femur, capsule of the knee joint (arcuate popliteal ligament); insertion: tibia (soleus muscle line)
694. primus femoris, the first muscle of the thigh - see. pectineus
695. Primus quadrigeminus, the first quadrangular muscle - see. Piriformis
696. Procerus(PNA, BNA; depressor glabellae, JNA: nasum dilatans), the “proud” muscle is a mimic muscle of the face that lowers the skin of the glabella, forming transverse folds; beginning: bone back of the nose and aponeurosis m. nasalis; attachment: skin of the glabella
697. Pronator quadratus(PNA, BNA, JNA; quadratus antibrachii, cubitoradialis), square pronator muscle of the anterior
area of the forearm, penetrating the forearm and hand; origin: anterior surface of the ulna in its distal quarter; insertion: anterior surface of the radius in its distal quarter
698. Pronator teres(PNA, BNA, JNA), round pronator - a muscle of the anterior region of the forearm, penetrating and bending the forearm at the elbow joint; beginning: humeral head (caput humerale) - medial epicondyle
humerus and medial intermuscular septum, ulnar head (caput ulnare) - ulnar tuberosity
bones; attachment: lateral surface of the radius above its middle
699. Psoas major(PNA, BNA, JNA), psoas major - the muscle of the lower limb, bending it at the hip joint; beginning: lateral surface of the bodies and transverse processes of the XII thoracic and I - IV lumbar vertebrae; insertion: lesser trochanter of the femur
700. Psoas minor(PNA, BNA, JNA), psoas minor - an inconstant muscle of the lumbar region, tilting the spine in its direction and straining the iliac fascia; beginning: lateral surface of the bodies of the XI - XII thoracic and I lumbar vertebrae; insertion: pubic crest, iliac fascia
701. Pterygoideus externus(BNA), external pterygoid muscle - see. Pterygoideus lateralis
702. Pterygoideus interous(BNA), internal pterygoid muscle - see. Pterygoideus medialis
703. Pterygoideus lateralis(PNA, JNA; pterygoideus externus, BNA), the lateral pterygoid muscle is a muscle located at the base of the skull, with a unilateral contraction, it displaces the lower jaw in the opposite direction, with a bilateral contraction, it pushes it forward; origin: infratemporal platform and crest of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, the outer plate of its pterygoid process; attachment: capsule and articular disc of the temporomandibular joint, pterygoid fossa of the condylar process of the mandible
704. Pterygoideus medialis(PNA, JNA; pterygoideus internus, BNA; masseter internus), the medial pterygoid muscle is a masticatory muscle that, with a unilateral contraction, shifts the lower jaw in the opposite direction, with a bilateral contraction, it lifts it and pushes it forward; beginning: pterygoid fossa of the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone, pyramidal process of the palatine bone; attachment: pterygoid tuberosity of the angle of the lower jaw
705. Pubiofemoralis, pubic-femoral muscle - see. Adductor longus
706. Pubovesicalis(PNA, BNA; depressor vesicalis, depressor vesicae urinariae), pubic-bladder muscle - a muscle of the bladder region that expands the internal opening of the urethra; beginning: pubic symphysis; attachment: area of the internal opening of the urethra
707. Pyramidalis abdominis(PNA, BNA, JNA; pyramidalis pelvis, iliacus externus), pyramidal muscle - muscle
abdomen, straining the white line; beginning: pubic bone and symphysis; insertion: white line of the abdomen
708. Pyramidalis auriculae(PNA; pyramidalis auriculae Jungi, BNA), the pyramidal muscle of the auricle is a rudimentary muscle of the auricle; beginning: tragus; attachment: awn of the curl
709. Pyramidalis auriculae Jungi(BNA), pyramidal muscle of the auricle (Jung) - see. Pyramidalis auriculae
710. Pyramidalis menti, pyramidal muscle of the chin - see. Depressor anguli oris
711. Pyramidalis pelvis, pyramidal muscle of the pelvis - see. Pyramidalis abdominis
712. Pyramidostapedius, pyramidal stirrup muscle - see. Stapedius
713. quadratus antibrachii, square muscle of the forearm - see. Pronator quadratus
714. quadratus femoris(PNA, BNA, JNA), the square muscle of the thigh - the muscle of the gluteal region, which rotates the thigh outward; origin: ischial tubercle of the ischium; insertion: intertrochanteric crest of the femur
715. quadratus inferior, lower square muscle - see. Depressor labii inferioris
716. Quadratus labii inferioris(BNA), square muscle of the lower lip - see. Depressor labii inferioris
717. Quadratus labii mandibularis(JNA), mandibular square muscle - see. Depressor labii inferioris
718. Quadratus lumborum(PNA, BNA, JNA; rectus abdominis posticus), the square muscle of the lower back is the muscle of the lumbar region, which flexes the lumbar part of the spine and lowers the XII rib; origin: inner lip of the iliac crest, iliac-lumbar ligament, transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae;
attachment: XII rib, lumbocostal ligament, transverse processes of I - IV lumbar vertebrae
719. Quadratus menti- cm. Depressor labii inferioris
720. Quadratus plantae(PNA, BNA, JNA; m. flexor accessorius, PNA), the square muscle of the sole is the muscle of the plantar surface of the foot, correcting the action of m. flexor digitorum longus, giving it a straight line
direction in relation to the fingers; origin: calcaneus; attachment: lateral edge of the tendon musculus flexor digitorum longus
721. Quadriceps femoris(PNA, BNA, JNA), the quadriceps femoris muscle is the muscle of the anterior region of the thigh, which extends the lower leg at the knee joint and is involved in hip flexion in the hip joint; consists of t.
rectus femoris, musculus vastus lat., musculus vastus med. and musculus vastus intermedius, which, when joined together, form a common tendon, including the patella and attached to the tibial tuberosity in the form of a patellar ligament
722. Quadrigeminus brachii, biceps brachii - see Biceps brachii
723. Radialis anterior, anterior radial muscle - see. Flexor carpi radialis
724. Radialis anticus, anterior radial muscle - see. Flexor carpi radialis
725. Radialis internus, internal radial muscle - see. Flexor carpi radialis
726. Radialis externus longus, long external radial muscle - see. Extensor carpi radialis longus
727. Radialis externus primus, the first external radial muscle - see. Extensor carpi radialis longus
728. Rectococcygeus(PNA, BNA; rectococcygicus, JNA), rectococcygeal muscle - a muscle of the pelvic region that fixes the rectum; origin: anterior surface of II and III coccygeal vertebrae; attachment: woven into the longitudinal muscle layer of the rectum
729. Rectococcygicus(JNA), rectococcygeal muscle - see. Rectococcygeus
730. rectourethralis(PNA), rectourethral muscle - a bundle of smooth muscle cells that strengthens the pelvic floor; beginning: lower part of the rectum; attachment: the beginning of the urethra
731. rectouterinus(PNA, BNA, JNA), recto-uterine muscle - a bundle of smooth muscle cells that fixes the uterus; beginning: lower part of the rectum; insertion: outer muscular layer of the uterus and vagina
732. rectovesicalis(PNA. BNA), rectovesical muscle - a bundle of smooth muscle cells that strengthens the pelvic floor; beginning: lower part of the rectum; attachment: bladder
733. Rectus abdominis(PNA, BNA, JNA), rectus abdominis - the muscle of the anterior abdominal wall, bringing the chest closer to the pelvis, bending the body forward; takes part in the formation of the abdominal press; beginning: cartilages of the V - VII ribs, body and xiphoid process of the sternum; attachment: superior branch of the pubic bone from the symphysis to the pubic tubercle
734. Rectus abdominis posticus, posterior rectus abdominis - see Quadratus lumborum
735. Rectus buibi inferior(JNA), lower rectus eye - see. rectus inferior
736. Rectus buibi nasalis(JNA), nasal rectus eye - see. Rectus medialis
737. Rectus buibi superior(JNA), superior rectus eye - see Rectus superior
738. Rectus buibi temporalis(JNA), temporal rectus eye - see.
Rectus lateralis
739. Rectus capitis anterior(PNA, BNA; rectus capitis ventralis, JNA), the anterior rectus capitis muscle is a muscle that tilts the head forward and to its side; origin: lateral mass of the atlas; insertion: basilar part of the occipital bone
740. Rectus capitis dorsalis major(JNA), dorsal rectus major - see
741. Rectus capitis dorsalis minor(JNA), small dorsal rectus capitis - see.
742. Rectus capitis lateralis(PNA, BNA, JNA), lateral rectus muscle of the head - a muscle that tilts the head to one side with unilateral contraction, and participates in tilting the head forward with bilateral contraction; Start:
transverse process of the atlas; insertion: lateral part of the occipital bone
743. Rectus capitis posterior major(PNA, BNA; rectus capitis dorsalis major, JNA), the large posterior rectus capitis muscle is the muscle of the back of the neck, with a unilateral contraction, rotating the head in its direction, with bilateral contraction, tilting the head back; origin: spinous process of the axial vertebra; attachment: nuchal platform, scales of the occipital bone
744. Rectus capitis posterior minor(PNA, BNA; rectus capitis dorsalis minor, JNA), a small posterior rectus muscle of the head - a muscle of the back of the neck, with a unilateral contraction, rotating the head in its direction, with a bilateral contraction, tilting the head back; origin: posterior tubercle of atlas; attachment: nuchal platform of the scales of the occipital bone
745. Rectus capitis ventralis(JNA), ventral rectus capitis - see. Rectus capitis anterior
746. Rectus femoris(PNA, BNA, JNA), rectus femoris - head m. quadriceps femoris, which extends the lower leg and flexes the thigh; beginning: lower anterior iliac spine and upper edge of the lip of the acetabulum; attachment: as part of the tendon of the quadriceps femoris to the tuberosity of the tibia
747. rectus inferior(PNA, BNA; rectus buibi inferior, JNA), the lower rectus eye muscle is the eye socket muscle, which rotates the eyeball down and somewhat inward; origin: common tendon ring around the optic canal and the adjacent part of the superior orbital fissure; attachment: lower part of the sclera in front of the equator of the eyeball
748. Rectus lateralis(PNA, BNA; rectus buibi temporalis, JNA), the lateral rectus eye muscle is the eye socket muscle that rotates the eyeball outward; beginning: with one tendon from the common tendon ring around the optic canal and the adjacent part of the superior orbital fissure, with the other - from the root of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone; attachment: lateral part of the sclera in front of the equator of the eyeball
749. Rectus medialis(PNA, BNA; rectus buibi nasalis, JNA), the medial rectus muscle of the eye is the muscle of the orbit that rotates the eyeball inward; origin: common tendon ring around the optic canal and the adjacent part of the superior orbital fissure; attachment: medial part of the sclera in front of the equator of the eyeball
750. Rectus superior(PNA, BNA; rectus buibi superior, JNA), the superior rectus eye muscle is the muscle of the orbit that rotates the eyeball upward and somewhat outward and at the same time raises the upper eyelid due to its connection with the tendon musculus levator palpebrae sup .; origin: common tendon ring around the optic canal and the adjacent part of the superior orbital fissure; attachment: upper part of the sclera in front of the equator of the eyeball
751. Rhomboides major(JNA), rhomboid muscle - see. Rhomboideus major
752. Rhomboides minor(JNA), small rhomboid muscle - see. Rhomboideus minor
753. Rhomboideus major(PNA, BNA; rhomboides major, JNA), a large rhomboid muscle - a back muscle that brings the scapula closer to the spine, slightly lifting it up; beginning: spinous processes of I - IV thoracic vertebrae; attachment: medial edge of the scapula
754. Rhomboideus minor(PNA, BNA; rhomboides minor, JNA), a small rhomboid muscle - a muscle of the back that brings the scapula closer to the spine, slightly raising it up: beginning: spinous processes of the VI-VII cervical vertebrae and the nuchal ligament; attachment: medial edge of the scapula
755. Risorius(PNA, BNA, JNA), laughter muscle - a facial muscle that pulls the corner of the mouth outward and deepens the nasolabial fold; beginning: fascia of the parotid gland and masticatory fascia; attachment: skin of the corner of the mouth
756. Rotators(PNA, BNA, JNA), rotator muscles - the common name for the deep muscles of the spine that rotate it; distinguish: musculi rotatores cervicis, musculi rotatores thoracis, musculi rotatores lumborum
757. Rotatores cervicis(PNA), neck rotators - muscles of the spine that rotate its cervical region; origin: transverse processes of the cervical (except atlas) vertebrae; attachment: spinous processes of overlying (through one) vertebrae
758. Rotatores lumborum(PNA), lumbar rotators - muscles of the spine that rotate its lumbar region; origin: transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae and dorsal surface of the sacrum; attachment: spinous processes of the overlying (through one) lumbar vertebrae
759. Rotatores thoracis(PNA), chest rotators - muscles of the spine that rotate its thoracic region; beginning: transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae; insertion: arches of overlying adjacent thoracic vertebrae
760. Sacrococcygeus anterior(BNA), anterior sacrococcygeal muscle - see. Sacrococcygeus ventralis
761. Sacrococcygeus ventralis(PNA; sacroccocygeus anterior, BNA; sacrococcygicus ventralis, JNA), the ventral sacrococcygeal muscle is a rudimentary muscle; beginning: pelvic surface of the sacrum from the III sacral openings to the coccyx; attachment: ventral sacrococcygeal ligament to II - IV coccygeal vertebrae
762. Sacrococcygicus ventralis(JNA), ventral sacrococcygeal muscle - see. Sacrococcygeus ventralis
763. Sacrolumbalis, sacro-lumbar muscle - see. Iliocostalis
764. sacrospinalis(BNA, JNA), sacro-vertebral muscle - see. erector spinae
765. Salpingopharyngeus(PNA, BNA; pharyngotubalis, JNA), tubal-pharyngeal muscle; part of the musculus constrictor pharyngis sup., going to the auditory tube and pulling the pharynx up
766. Sartorius(PNA, BNA, JNA), tailor muscle - a muscle of the anterior region of the thigh, which flexes the thigh at the hip joint and the lower leg at the knee joint, with a bent knee, rotating the lower leg inwards; origin: superior anterior iliac spine: insertion: tuberosity and anterior edge of the tibia, fascia of the tibia
767. scalenus anterior(PNA, BNA; scalenus ventralis, JNA), anterior scalene muscle - a deep muscle of the neck, bending it to the side, and with bilateral contraction - forward, raising the 1st rib involved in breathing; beginning: anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of III - VI cervical vertebrae; attachment: I rib
768. Scalenus dorsalis(JNA), scalenus dorsalis muscle - see scalenus posterior
769. scalenus medius(PNA, BNA, JNA), the middle scalene muscle is a deep muscle of the back, with a unilateral contraction, bending the neck to the side, with a bilateral contraction, forward, raising the 1st rib and participating in breathing; beginning: anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of all cervical vertebrae; attachment: I rib
770. Scalenus minimus(PNA, BNA), the smallest scalene muscle is a non-permanent muscle of the neck that holds the dome of the pleura; origin: transverse process of the VII cervical vertebra; attachment: inner edge of the 1st rib and dome of the pleura
771. scalenus posterior(PNA, BNA; scalenus dorsalis, JNA), the posterior scalene muscle is a deep muscle of the neck, with a unilateral contraction, tilting it to the side, and with a bilateral contraction, forward; raises the II rib, participates in breathing; beginning: posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the V - VII cervical vertebrae; attachment: II rib
772. Scalenus ventralis(JNA), ventral scalene muscle - see. scalenus anterior
773. Semimembranaceus(JNA), semimembranosus muscle - see. semimembranosus
774. semimembranosus(PNA, BNA; semimembranaceus, JNA), semimembranosus muscle - the muscle of the back of the thigh, which extends the thigh, flexes the lower leg and rotates it inwards; origin: ischial tuberosity; attachment: medial femoral condyle, fascia m. popliteus, posterior wall of the capsule of the knee joint with transition to the oblique popliteal ligament
775. semispinalis(PNA, BNA, JNA), semispinalis muscle - a muscle of the spine that extends its upper sections, pulling the head backwards or holding it in a tilted position; with unilateral contraction, it produces a slight rotation of the body; consists of musculus semispinalis capitis, musculus semispinalis cervicis and musculus semispinalis thoracis
776. Semispinalis capitis(PNA, BNA; transversooccipitalis, JNA) - semispinalis muscle of the head - the upper part of the musculus semispinalis; beginning: articular processes of the IV-VII cervical and transverse processes of the I-VI thoracic vertebrae; attachment: scales of the occipital bone between the upper and lower nuchal lines
777. Semispinalis cervicis(PNA, BNA), semispinalis muscle of the neck - the middle part of the musculus semispinalis, beginning: transverse processes of the II - VII thoracic vertebrae; attachment: spinous processes of II - VI cervical vertebrae
778. Semispinalis dorsi(BNA), semispinalis muscle of the back - see. Semispinalis thoracis
779. Semispinalis thoracis(PNA; semispinalis dorsi, BNA), semispinalis muscle of the chest - the lower part of m. semispinalis;
beginning: transverse processes of VI - XII thoracic vertebrae; attachment: spinous processes of VI - VII cervical, I - VI thoracic vertebrae
780. semispinatus, semispinalis muscle - see Longissimus
781. Semitendineus(JNA), semitendinosus muscle - see.
Semitendinosus
782. Semitendinosus(PNA, BNA; semitendineus, JNA), semitendinosus muscle - the muscle of the back of the thigh, which extends it, flexes and rotates it inwards; origin: ischial tuberosity; attachment: medial surface and tuberosity of the tibia, fascia of the leg
783. Serratus anterior(PNA, BNA; serratus lateralis, JNA), anterior serratus muscle - the muscle of the lateral wall of the chest, pulling the scapula outward and forward and pressing it against the chest wall, helping to raise the arm above the horizontal line; with a fixed scapula, raises the ribs, participating in an increased inhalation; beginning: I - IX ribs; attachment: medial edge, superior and inferior angles of the scapula
784.Serratus dorsalis caudalis(JNA), serratus caudalis dorsalis muscle - see
Serratus posterior inferior
785. Serratus dorsalis cranialis(JNA), cranial serratus dorsal muscle - see.
Serratus posterior superior
786. Serratus lateralis(JNA), serratus lateralis muscle - see Serratus anterior
787. Serratus posterior inferior(PNA, BNA; serratus dorsalis caudalis, JNA; spinocostalis longus, dentatus posterior
inferior), lower back serratus muscle - superficial muscle of the back, lowering the lower ribs; Start:
thoracolumbar fascia at the level of the spinous processes of the XI-XII lumbar vertebrae; attachment: IX - XII ribs
788. Serratus posterior superior(PNA, BNA; serratus dorsalis cranialis, JNA; spinocostalis longus, dentatus posterior superior), the serratus posterior superior muscle is a superficial back muscle that lifts the upper ribs; Start:
spinous processes of VI - VII cervical and I - II thoracic vertebrae, nuchal ligament; attachment: II - V ribs
789. Soleus(PNA, BNA, JNA: gastrocnemius internus), soleus muscle - part of m. triceps surae, muscle that flexes the foot in the plantar direction; beginning: fibula head (caput fibulare) - lateral and posterior surfaces of the fibula; tibial head (caput tibiale) - the posterior surface of the tibia, tendon arch m. solei; insertion: calcaneal tendon to the calcaneal tuberosity together with musculus gastrocnemius and musculus plantaris
790. Sphincter ampullae(PNA), sphincter ampulla - see
791. Sphincter ampullae hepatopancreaticae(PNA; sphincter ampullae, PNA; sphincter Oddi), sphincter of the hepatic-pancreatic ampulla - muscle fibers of the wall of the hepatic-pancreatic ampulla in the major duodenal papilla, compressing it
792. Sphincter ani cutaneus, cutaneous sphincter of the anus - see. Sphincter ani externus
793. Sphincter ani externus(PNA, BNA, JNA; sphincter ani cutaneus), the external sphincter of the anus is an unpaired muscle that compresses the terminal part of the rectum; beginning: tip of the coccyx, anal-coccygeal ligament;
insertion: skin and tendinous center of the perineum, bulb of the penis
794. Sphincter ani internus(PNA, BNA, JNA), internal anal sphincter - a thickened circular smooth muscle layer of the muscular membrane of the lower rectum, compressing it
795. Sphincter ani tertius(O "Beirnei), the third sphincter of the anus - a thickening of the circular layer of smooth muscle cells of the rectal wall in the region of its transverse fold (at a distance of about 10 cm from the anus)
796. Sphincter ductus choledochi(PNA), sphincter of the common bile duct - a circular layer of smooth muscle cells of the intramural part of the common bile duct
797. Sphincter, sphincter of Oddi - see Sphincter ampullae hepatopancreaticae
798. Sphincter pupillae(PNA, BNA, JNA), pupillary sphincter - circular smooth muscle cells in the iris near its pupillary edge, constricting the pupil
799. Sphincter pylori(PNA, BNA, JNA), pyloric sphincter - a thickened circular layer of the muscular membrane of the stomach, located between the pylorus and the duodenum, separating their cavities
800. Sphincter urethrae(PNA, sphincter urethrae membranaceae, BNA; sphincter urethrae diaphragmaticae, JNA; orbicularis urethrae membranaceae), urethral sphincter - arcuate fibers of the deep transverse perineal muscle surrounding the membranous part of the urethra and compressing it
801. Sphincter urethrae diaphragmaticae(JNA), diaphragmatic urethral sphincter - see. Sphincter urethrae
802. Sphincter urethrae membranaceae(BNA), sphincter of the membranous urethra - see.
Sphincter urethrae
803. sphincter vaginae, sphincter of the vagina - see Bulbospongiosus
804. Spinalis(PNA, BNA, JNA), spinous muscle - the common name for the muscle bundles located along the spinous processes of the vertebrae and extensor the spine; distinguish: m. spinalis capitis, t. spinalis cervicis, t. spinalis thoracis
805. Spinalis capitis(PNA, BNA), the spinous muscle of the head is a poorly developed, often missing part of m. spinalis; beginning: spinous processes of the upper thoracic and lower cervical vertebrae; Attachment: lower protruding line or
external occipital protuberance of the occipital bone
806. Spinalis cervicis(PNA, BNA), spinous muscle of the neck - cervicothoracic part m. spinalis; beginning: spinous processes of VI - VII cervical, I - II thoracic vertebrae; attachment: spinous processes of II - IV cervical vertebrae
807. spinalis dorsi(BNA), spinous muscle of the back - see. Spinalis thoracis
808. Spinalis thoracis(PNA; spinalis dorsi, BNA), spinous muscle of the chest - the lumbar-thoracic part of the musculus spinalis; Start:
spinous processes X - XII thoracic, I - III lumbar vertebrae; insertion: spinous processes of II-VIII thoracic vertebrae
809. Spinocostalis longus, lower long spinous-costal muscle - see.
Serratus posterior inferior
810. Spinocostalis longus, upper long spinous-costal muscle - see. Serratus posterior superior
811. Splenius capitis(PNA, BNA, JNA), the belt muscle of the head is a muscle of the neck, with a unilateral contraction, turning the head to its side, with a bilateral contraction, tilting the head back; origin: spinous processes
VII cervical, I - III thoracic vertebrae, nuchal ligament; insertion: superior nuchal line of the occipital bone, mastoid process of the temporal bone
812. Splenius cervicis(PNA, BNA, JNA), belt muscle of the neck - the muscle of the back of the neck, bending the neck back and to the side; beginning: spinous processes and interosseous ligaments of III-IV thoracic vertebrae; attachment: posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of I - III cervical vertebrae
813. Stapedius(PNA, BNA, JNA; pyramidostapedius), stapedius muscle - a muscle of the middle ear that displaces the stirrup in the vestibule window; beginning: pyramidal elevation of the mastoid wall of the tympanic cavity; attachment: back leg of the stirrup at the head
814. Stemocleidomastoideus(PNA, BNA, JNA). sternocleidomastoid muscle - a muscle of the anterior region of the neck, with a bilateral contraction, tilting the head back, with a one-sided contraction, tilting it, while turning the face in the opposite direction; beginning: handle of the sternum, sternal end of the clavicle; attachment: mastoid process of the temporal bone, superior nuchal line of the occipital bone
815. Sternohyoideus(PNA, BNA, JNA; cleidohyoideus depressor ossis hyoidei), sternohyoid muscle - muscle of the anterior region of the neck, lowering the hyoid bone; origin: posterior edge of the manubrium of the sternum, capsule of the sternoclavicular joint, sternal end of the clavicle; attachment: lower edge of the hyoid bone
816. Sternothyroideus(PNA; sternothyreoideus, BNA, JNA), sternothyroid muscle - the muscle of the anterior region of the neck, lowering the thyroid cartilage; beginning: posterior surface of the sternum handle, cartilage of the 1st, and sometimes the 2nd rib; attachment: oblique line of the thyroid cartilage
817. Styloglossus(PNA, BNA, JNA), styloglossus muscle - the muscle of the tongue, pulling it up and back; Start:
styloid process of the temporal bone and stylohyoid ligament; attachment: lateral edges of the root of the tongue
818. Stylohyoideus(PNA, BNA, JNA), stylohyoid muscle - a muscle of the submandibular region that raises the hyoid bone; origin: styloid process of the temporal bone; insertion: body and greater horn of the hyoid bone
819. Stylopharyngeus(PNA, BNA: stylopharyngicus, JNA: stylopharyngolaryngeus, dilatator pharyngis), stylopharyngeal
muscle - the muscle of the submandibular region, raising the pharynx; origin: styloid process of the temporal bone;
attachment: posterolateral wall of the pharynx, thyroid cartilage of the larynx, epiglottis
820. Stylopharyngicus(JNA), stylo-pharyngeal muscle - see. Stylopharyngeus
821. Stylopharyngolaryngeus, stylo-laryngeal muscle - see. Stylopharyngeus
822. Subclavius(PNA, BNA, JNA), subclavian muscle - the muscle of the subclavian region, pulling the clavicle down and medially; origin: cartilage I ribs; insertion: acromial end of clavicle
823. Subcostales(PNA, BNA, JNA). hypochondrium muscles - muscle bundles on the inner surface of the chest in the area of \u200b\u200bthe corners of the lower ribs, having the same direction of fibers as in mm. intercostales int., but passing over one or two ribs; lower the ribs, thereby participating in the act of exhalation
824. Subscapulars(PNA, BNA, JNA; infrascapularis, subscapulohumeralis), subscapularis muscle - a muscle that rotates the shoulder inward, leading it, while pulling the capsule of the shoulder joint; origin: costal surface
scapulae and subscapular fascia; insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus
825. subscapulohumeralis, subscapular-brachial muscle - see.
subscapularis
826. superciliaris medialis, medial muscle of the eyebrows - see. Depressor supercilii
827. Supinator(PNA, BNA, JNA; supinatorius, supinator brevis), supinator - muscle of the back of the forearm,
rotating the forearm outwards and extending the arm at the elbow joint; origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus; radial collateral ligament, annular ligament of the radius and crest of the supinator of the ulna: attachment: radius from tuberosity to attachment m. pronator teres
828. supinator brevis, short arch support - see.
Supinator
829. Supinator longus, long arch support - see.
Brachioradialis
830. Supinatorius, supinating muscle - see Supinator
831. supra spinam(JNA), supraspinatus - see.
Supraspinatus
832. Supraspinatus(PNA, BNA; supra spinam, JNA), supraspinatus muscle - the muscle of the scapular region, which takes the arm to the side; beginning: supraspinous fossa of the scapula and supraspinous fascia; insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus
833. Suspenaorius duodeni(PNA, BNA, JNA), the muscle that suspends the duodenum, is a muscle bundle that runs from the diaphragm to the duodenum
834. Temporalis(PNA, BNA, JNA), temporalis muscle - chewing muscle that lifts the lower jaw and pulls it back; origin: bony surface of the temporal fossa and temporal fascia: insertion: coronoid process and mandibular ramus
835. Tensor fasciae latae(PNA, BNA, JNA; glutaeus anterior, glutaeus laterals, aponeuroticus, iliotibialis), fascia lata tensor - muscle of the anterior thigh region, straining the fascia lata, bending the leg at the knee joint, abducting and bending it at the hip joint; beginning: superior anterior iliac spine, common aponeurosis musculus gluteus medius, etc. gluteus minimus; insertion: passes into the ilio-tibial tract of the fascia lata of the thigh, which is attached to the lateral condyle of the tibia
836. Tensor palati mollis, muscle that strains the soft palate - see. Tensor veli palatini
837. Tensor tympani(PNA, BNA, JNA), the muscle that strains the eardrum, is the muscle of the middle ear, which pulls the handle of the malleus inward, straining the eardrum; beginning: cartilaginous wall of the auditory tube, wall of the musculo-tubal canal, spine of the sphenoid bone, petrous part of the temporal bone; insertion: handle of the malleus near its neck
838. Tensor veli palatini(PNA, BNA, JNA; tensor palati mollis, dilatator tubae Eustachii), the muscle that strains the palatine curtain is the muscle of the soft palate that stretches the soft palate and strains the palatine aponeurosis; expands the lumen of the auditory tube; beginning: scaphoid fossa and inner plate of the pterygoid process, lower surface and spine of the sphenoid bone, cartilaginous and membranous part of the auditory tube; attachment: palatine aponeurosis
839. Teres Major(PNA, BNA, JNA), a large round muscle - a muscle of the shoulder girdle, leading the shoulder, rotating it inward, pulling it down and back; origin: dorsal surface of the lower angle of the scapula; insertion: crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
840. Teres minor(PNA, BNA, JNA), a small round muscle - a muscle of the shoulder girdle, pulling the shoulder back, rotating it outward; origin: lateral edge of the scapula; insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus
841. Thyreoarytaenoideus externus(BNA), external thyroid arytenoid muscle - see. Thyroarytenoidus
842. Thyreoepiglotticus(BNA, JNA), thyroid-epiglottic muscle - see. Thyroepiglotticus
843. Thyreohyoideus(BNA, JNA), thyroid-hyoid muscle - see. thyrohyoideus
844. Thyroarytenoidus(PNA; thyreoarytaenoideus externus, BNA; pars lateralis musculus thyreoarytaenoidei, JNA), thyroid arytenoid muscle - a muscle of the larynx that narrows the gap between the vocal processes; beginning: the inner surface of the plate of the thyroid cartilage; insertion: muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
845. Thyroepiglotticus(PNA; thyreoepiglotticus, BNA, JNA), thyroid-epiglottic muscle - a muscle of the larynx that expands the entrance to the vestibule of the larynx; beginning: the inner surface of the plate of the thyroid cartilage; attachment: edge of the epiglottis
846. thyrohyoideus(PNA; thyreohyoideus, BNA, JNA), thyroid-hyoid muscle - a muscle of the anterior region of the neck, raising the larynx and pulling the hyoid bone; origin: oblique line of the thyroid cartilage: insertion: body and base of the greater horn of the hyoid bone
847. Tibialis anterior(PNA, BNA, JNA), anterior tibial muscle - a muscle of the anterior region of the lower leg, extending the foot, adducting and somewhat supinating it; beginning: lateral condyle and lateral surface of the tibia, fascia of the lower leg, interosseous membrane; insertion: medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones
848. Tibialis posterior(PNA, BNA, JNA), posterior tibial muscle - the muscle of the posterior region of the lower leg, which flexes the foot in the plantar direction, supinating and adducting it; beginning: interosseous membrane and adjacent parts of the tibia and fibula; attachment: tuberosity of the scaphoid, sphenoid bones, talus, bases of II - IV metatarsal bones
849. Trabeculae carneae(JNA), fleshy partitions - see Pectinati
850. Trachealis(PNA), tracheal muscle - a transverse layer of smooth muscle cells of the membranous wall of the trachea
851. Tragicus(PNA, BNA, JNA), tragus muscle - a rudimentary muscle of the auricle; beginning: auricle below the tragus; attachment: outer surface of the tragus
852. transversalis, transverse muscle - see Longissimus
853. Transversocostales breves and longi(JNA), short and long transverse costal muscles - see. Levatores costarum breves and longi
854. Transversooccipitalis(JNA), transverse occipital muscle - see. Semispinalis capitis
855. Transversospinalis(PNA), transversospinous muscle - muscle of the back surface of the spine, extensor
his; beginning: transverse processes of underlying vertebrae; attachment: spinous processes of overlying
vertebrae
856. Transversus abdominis(PNA, BNA, JNA), the transverse abdominal muscle is the muscle of the anterolateral part of the abdominal wall, which brings together the lower sections of the chest and takes part in the formation of the abdominal press;
beginning: cartilages of VII - XII ribs, deep sheet of the lumbospinal fascia, transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae, inner lip of the iliac crest and inguinal ligament; insertion: white line of the abdomen
857. Transversus auriculae(PNA, BNA, JNA), the transverse muscle of the auricle is a rudimentary muscle that brings the curl of the auricle closer to its edge; beginning: shell elevation; insertion: edge of the auricle at the beginning of the tail of the whorl
858. Transversus linguae(PNA, BNA, JNA), the transverse muscle of the tongue - the muscle of the tongue, narrowing and lengthening it; beginning: septum of the tongue; attachment: lateral edges and back of the tongue
859. Transversus menti(PNA, BNA, JNA), transverse chin muscle - arcuate muscle bundles that connect the left and right chin muscles and lift the skin of the chin
860. Transversus nuchae(PNA, BNA, JNA), the transverse nuchal muscle is a non-permanent muscle that stretches the skin and fascia of the occipital region; beginning: superior nuchal line and external occipital protrusion of the occipital bone; attachment: skin of the lateral part of the occiput, occipital fascia
861. Transversus perinei profundua(PNA, BNA, JNA), deep transverse perineal muscle - perineal muscle, which is part of the urogenital diaphragm; origin: ischial tubercle and part of the lower branch of the ischium;
insertion: tendinous center and perineal suture
862. Transversus perinei superficialis(PNA, BNA, JNA), superficial transverse perineal muscle - the muscle of the urogenital diaphragm, which fixes the tendinous center of the perineum; beginning: the lower branch of the ischium and the superficial fascia of the perineum; attachment: tendinous center of the perineum
863. Transversus thoracis(PNA, BNA, JNA), transverse chest muscle - a muscle of the inner surface of the anterior chest wall involved in breathing; beginning: posterior surface of the body and xiphoid process of the sternum, cartilage of the VII rib; attachment: cartilages II - VI ribs
864.Trapezius(PNA, BNA, JNA), trapezius muscle - a superficial muscle of the back, with unilateral contraction, brings the scapula closer to the spine, raises the shoulder girdle up, lowers the scapula, tilts the head in the same direction, turns the face in the opposite direction, with bilateral contraction - tilts the head back ; beginning: upper nuchal line and external occipital protrusion, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae; insertion: acromial end of the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula
865. triangularis(BNA, JNA), triangular muscle - see.
Depressor anguli oris
866. Triceps brachii(PNA, BNA, JNA), the triceps muscle of the shoulder - the muscle of the back of the shoulder, which extends the forearm at the elbow joint; beginning: long head (caput longum) - subarticular tubercle of the scapula; medial head (caput med.) - the posterior surface of the humerus distal to the groove of the radial nerve, medial and lateral intermuscular septa; lateral head (caput lat.) - the posterior surface of the humerus upward and laterally from the groove of the radial nerve, lateral intermuscular septum; insertion: olecranon of ulna, fascia of forearm and capsule of elbow joint
867. Triceps surae(PNA, BNA, JNA), the triceps muscle of the lower leg - the muscle of the posterior region of the lower leg, which flexes the foot in the plantar direction and supinates it, flexing the lower leg at the knee joint; consists of musculus gastrocnemius and musculus soleus, passing into the common calcaneal tendon, which is attached to the calcaneal tuberosity
868. Trochlearis, block muscle - see Obliquas superior
869. Uvulae(PNA, BNA, JNA), uvula muscle - an unpaired muscle of the soft palate, raising and shortening the uvula; beginning: posterior nasal spine of the palatine bones and tendon plate musculus tensor veli palatini; attachment: top of the tongue
870. Vastus fibularis(JNA), wide peroneal muscle - see. Vastus lateralis
871. Vastus intermedius(PNA, BNA, JNA), wide intermediate thigh muscle - head of musculus qudriceps femoris; origin: anterior and lateral surface of the femur; attachment: base of the patella
872. Vastus lateralis(PNA, BNA; vastus fibularis, JNA), lateral wide muscle of the thigh - head m. quadriceps femoris; beginning: greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, gluteal tuberosity, lateral lip of the rough line of the femur; attachment: lateral edge and base of the patella
873. Vastus medialis(PNA, BNA; vastus tibialis, JNA), wide medial thigh muscle - head of musculus quadriceps femoris; beginning: medial lip of the rough line of the femur, terminal tendons of the long and large adductor muscles; insertion: medial edge of the patella
874. Vastus tibialis(JNA), tibialis broad muscle - see. Vastus medialis
875. verticalis linguae(PNA, BNA, JNA), vertical muscle of the tongue - muscle bundles penetrating the thickness of the tongue and flattening it; beginning: back of the tongue; attachment: lower surface of the tongue
876. vocals(PNA, BNA, JNA; pars vocalis m. thyreoarytaenoidei, JNA; aryvocalis), vocal muscle - a muscle located in the thickness of the vocal fold of the larynx, relaxing the vocal cords; origin: lower part of the angle of the thyroid cartilage; insertion: vocal process of arytenoid cartilage
877. Zygomaticus(BNA, JNA), zygomatic muscle - see. Zygomaticus major
878. Zygomaticus major(PNA; zygomaticus, BNA, JNA), the large zygomatic muscle is a facial muscle that pulls the corner of the mouth up and laterally, deepening the nasolabial fold; origin: lateral surface of the zygomatic bone and continuation of the circular muscle of the eye; attachment: skin of the corner of the mouth
879. Zygomaticus minor(PNA, JNA; caput zygomaticum m. quadrati labii superioris, BNA), the small zygomatic muscle is a mimic muscle that deepens the nasolabial fold, raising the corner of the mouth; origin: anterior surface of the zygomatic bone; attachment: skin of the corner of the mouth and nasolabial folds.
