The genitive case answers the questions of whom? what?

and the accusative case answers the questions of whom? what?

Confusion arises, since animate nouns answer in both cases to the same question of whom?.

In order to correctly determine the case or the ending in the case, we learn to distinguish with the help of auxiliary words.

For genitive This no one what? no son, no home, no family, no snow maiden,

for accusative This I see who, what? I see a son, a house, a family, a snow maiden.

If you substitute these helper words when declining a word or determining a case, then everything will be easy and correct.

Hello. Please tell me how to write correctly!

In our case, the consumer is an inanimate noun.

Option 1: The transformer substation has consumers.

Option 2: The transformer substation has voltage consumers.

Option 3: The transformer substation has consumers.

Option 4: The transformer substation has voltage consumers.

Which of the options are correct?

Compare with the offer:

The hard drive has seals.

Everything seems to be clear here.

to come back to the beginning

Probably, here one must be able to distinguish between the action or the form of what is happening. For the most part, they confuse the question Whom? Quo;, which is in both the nominative and accusative cases.

So here is the genitive question Whom? different from the accusative Whom? an auxiliary word that is recommended to be remembered.

For the genitive there is the word no, and for the accusative there is the word what. When asking a question with an auxiliary word, we get a noun with a different ending. Example - no sister, hamster, rye - genitive. I see my sister, a hamster, rye - accusative.

Here is a table with auxiliary words for each case, which make it easier to determine the case.

In order to determine accusative or genitive, you first need to determine whether the given noun is animate. The fact is that animate nouns, both in the genitive and in the accusative case, answer the question whom? . If the noun is inanimate, it answers in the genitive case with what? , but in the accusative case with what? - a question that matches the interrogative word of the nominative case.

The noun needs to be checked - whether it is combined in the genitive case with the word noquot ;. For example, in the question Is there anything? quot ;. The accusative case is checked by compatibility with verbs in the form of the first person, singular, present tense, for example I know, I see. I see what? - chair or See who? - student. As we can see, the accusative and genitive forms of animate and masculine nouns of the second declension are the same.

Replace an animate masculine noun in the second declension with any word in the first declension. For example, No one? - student, I see who? - student. The first declension for the genitive case is yquot ;, and for the accusative yquot ;.

We replace the plural noun with an inanimate noun of the same form, after which we determine the case in the same way. For example - I know (whom?) People should be replaced with I know (what?) Namesquot ;. It turns out that names is a plural noun in the accusative case.

If we take an example with the genitive case - we replace I know the address (whom?) Of friends on I know the addresses (of what?) of firmsquot ;. Firm is in the genitive plural.

Try to determine the case of nouns that are not inflected (coffee, coat, etc.) using key questions. If it is difficult to determine by questions, use the option with a replacement for any noun (declension).

I used to get confused with this too. So, the genitive case answers the question of whom and what, and the accusative - who, what. The simplest thing that can be done in this case to distinguish the case is to substitute the word I see or not. If the word no is suitable, then the case is genitive, if I see it, it is accusative.

The problem with determining case arises only for animate nouns, because inanimate nouns answer different questions in the genitive and accusative cases and therefore have different endings. In the genitive case - this is the question of what? what about the accusative? Therefore, the easiest way to deal with animate nouns is to kill them, pardon the expression. It will look something like this: Brought home a rabbit, the question is Whom ?, an animated noun, therefore we kill it in this way: Brought home the carcass of a rabbit, the question turns out What ?, and therefore the case is accusative. Similarly with the option I don't have a rabbit. Again the question of Who? and incomprehensible case We kill, we get I don’t have a rabbit skin and the question turns out What ?, and therefore the genitive case. So we were taught at school, a little brutal, but easy to remember.

To distinguish the accusative case from the parent case, you need to ask the question:

For the accusative case - Who (or what) should be blamed for your troubles? answer: yourself, your laziness, TV.

For the genitive case, ask the question: Does the guilty person have no one? - a lawyer. Is the culprit missing something? - protection.

The genitive answers the questions: Whom? quot ;, What? quot ;, for example: The accusative answers the questions: Whom? , What? Example: I received (Who? What?) A brother, a mugquot ;.

Sometimes it's not easy distinguish genitive from accusative in a sentence. The fact is that for animate nouns, both of these cases answer the question whom?. You can replace an animate object with an inanimate one in such a sentence and see what question you can ask: if what?, then this is the genitive case, if what? accusative.

For example:

• I see an elephant (who?). Let's replace the word elephant on the table. I see a table (what?). So it's in the accusative case.
• There is not a single elephant (who?). By analogy, we get: There is not a single table (what?). This means that the genitive case is used in the above sentence.

• Case declensions belong to the section of the Russian language The genitive case answers the questions -NO- whom? what ?, and the accusative case - SEE - whom? what?. That is, when determining cases, it is enough to substitute the corresponding words and check whether the checked word corresponds to the corresponding case. Then you do not have to remember a bunch of all the rules.

  Schoolchildren usually confuse and poorly distinguish between accusative and genitive cases. I myself remembered that at school it was difficult until I was told an effective way, which is that you need to substitute the word see. I see (whom? what?) a window, a street, my mother, a magazine.

  And the genitive case has questions of whom? what? To determine the genitive case, you can also substitute the word No. There is no (whom? what?) window, street, magazine.

The accusative case answers the questions "whom? what?" and is used in sentences and phrases only with verbs and its forms (participle and participle). The most common function of this case in Russian is the expression of the direct object of the action: read a book, draw a picture etc. What else can the accusative case mean, and how to distinguish it from the genitive? Read the article below!

What does fall mean?

The case, which will be discussed in the article, can have completely different meanings.

For example:

• The accusative of time will indicate the time of the already completed action - "meet every Tuesday."
• The accusative quantity should be used to indicate the cost, when there is a reference to the quantitative side of the verbal action - "to cost a hundred rubles."
• A noun in the accusative case of measures will indicate a measure of time or space - "run three kilometers."
• The accusative object will call the object to which the action is directed - "throw the ball."
• The accusative of the result will designate an object that will be the result of some action - “sew a T-shirt”.

In order to determine the case in front of you without error, you need to know the questions of the accusative case (whom? what?). Substitute the word “blame” or “see”, and you will immediately understand everything. For example, I blame (who?) my grandmother, I see (what?) a cutlet.

Case meanings

This form of the word has two main meanings: objective and subjective.

1. The object meaning may appear next to a transitive verb ( buy a cat), next to the predicate ( sorry, apparently, it is necessary, it hurts, sorry for the dog) and in one-part sentences expressing the required object ( reward for the brave).
2. Subjective meaning can be expressed only in a sentence (not in a phrase). Such a meaning can have an accusative case, located at the beginning of a sentence that tells us about the state of the person ( the guys were inspired by the award). The subjective meaning expresses the case in sentences like "The child is chilly." This meaning is also expressed by sentences that do not have a clear subject of action ( killed a man).

Case endings

Questions of the accusative case determine its endings.

So, what should be the endings of these forms of words?

• Nouns in the singular: horse, land, mother, pig, field, mouse, path, banner.
• Accusative plural (the number plays a big role in setting the correct ending) of the number: horses, edge, mothers, pigs, fields, mice, paths, banners.
• Adjectives and participles in the singular have the following endings: oval and oval, oval, oval; soft and soft, soft, soft; hare and hare, hare, hare.

Accusative prepositions

This case can be combined with a large number of prepositions, both simple and derivative. If the word is combined with simple prepositions (in, for, under, on, with), then it has a definitive meaning. Moreover, this definition can be different - in place, time, property, reason, purpose, and so on. Paired with a simple preposition, the word in the case we are analyzing can also have an objective meaning ( vote for a deputy, go for mushrooms). The word can also perform the function of replenishing the necessary information ( passed for a talker).

In the whole sentence, the form of the word in the accusative case, paired with a simple preposition, performs other functions. For example, a case can indicate a predicative feature ( bravery medal). The accusative can even extend the sentence ( a kilometer from the village - a lake; miracles happen on New Year's Eve). Paired with the prepositions "for" and "under" the word can express the meaning of approximation ( he is in his forties, she is in her fifties).

Also, words in the form of the accusative case can also be combined with derivative prepositions ( in spite of, in spite of, after a day).

How to distinguish accusative from genitive: method one

In order not to confuse the cases of the Russian language, you need to remember that each of them has its own question, depending on the meaning of the case. By asking a universal question and finding a match for it, you can easily understand the word in which case is in front of your eyes. The genitive case more often denotes belonging, the "whole-part" relationship, a sign of an object in relation to some other object, an object of influence, and so on.

For this form of the word, the questions “there is no one?”, “there is nothing?” Are fixed. The accusative case will answer the questions “I see whom?”, “I see what?”. It is very difficult to determine the form of a word only by its meaning or ending. It is too difficult to remember all the meanings of the genitive and accusative case, they have many nuances. And the endings of nouns in these forms can even coincide!

Difficulties can especially often arise in determining the case of an animate noun. If the question is "who?" does not help you cope with the task, then imagine an inanimate noun in place of an animate noun. Ask a question for the genitive "no what?" and for the accusative "see what?". If the word being defined has the same form as in the nominative case, then it is in the accusative.

How to distinguish the accusative case from the genitive: the second way

• If the noun in front of you is inanimate, just ask the right question ( I buy (what?) flower pots; I don’t see (what?) planters). In the second case, the word is in the genitive case.
• If you see an animate noun of the 2nd declension masculine, put any word of the 1st declension in its place and watch the ending ( I see a boar - I see a fox: ending y - genitive); ( no boar - no fox: ending ы - accusative).
• If you see an animate noun in the plural, then simply replace it with an inanimate noun ( love people - love (what) letters- accusative; I love the kindness of people - I love the kindness of letters- parental).

Remember that in Russian there are many indeclinable nouns ( coffee, pot and so on) that look the same in any case. In this case, all the above tips may not work. Always check the correctness of determining the case with a key question, and there will be no errors.

You will need

• Nouns in the genitive and accusative cases.
• Knowing the definition of cases.
• Knowledge of questions defining cases.

Instruction

Genitive
According to the definitions in, the genitive case means:
Belonging to someone or something, for example, "a fox skin", "teacher's journal";

If there is a relationship between the whole and its part, for example, “magazine page (R.p.)”;

Displaying an attribute of an object in relation to another object, for example, “survey results (R.p.)”;

The object of influence in the presence of a verb with a negative particle “not”, for example, “does not eat meat (R.p.)”;

The object of influence in the presence of a verb denoting desire, intention or removal, for example, “wish happiness (R.p.)”, “avoid responsibility (R.p.)”;

If there is a comparison of objects, for example, “stronger than oak (R.p.)”;

If the noun is the object of a measurement, or a genitive date, such as "a spoonful of sour cream" or "Day of the Paris Commune".

Accusative
According to definitions in Russian, the accusative case means:
Transition of the action to the subject in full, for example, “flip through a magazine”, “drive a car”;

Transfer of spatial and temporal relations "walk a mile", "rest";

In rare cases, it is formed as a dependence on, for example, "it's a shame for a friend."

In order to never confuse a noun, it is important to remember that each case in the Russian language corresponds to a universal question, asking which this noun, as a result, we get the corresponding case.
The genitive case corresponds to the question “no one?” for the animate and “there is nothing?” for inanimate nouns.
The accusative case corresponds to the question “I see whom?” for the animate and “I see what?” for inanimate nouns.
It is extremely difficult to determine the cases of nouns according to its definitions. Let's say that remembering all the definitions of the genitive and accusative cases is quite difficult. And the endings of nouns quite often coincide.
Here is an example using an animate plural noun:

Nearby I noticed people (see who? - V.p.)

There were no people around (there was no one? - R.p.)
As you can see, the word is inclined in both cases in the same way.

But, in order to finally make sure that the definition of the case is correct, mentally substitute an inanimate instead of an animate noun.
For example:

Nearby I noticed a pole (I see who? - V.p.)

There were no pillars around (there was no one? - R.p.)
The example shows that an inanimate noun in the accusative case does not change, unlike the same noun in the genitive case.

From this we can draw the following conclusions:
1. To distinguish the genitive from the accusative, ask the noun a qualifying question.

2. If you determine the case of an animate noun, because the question "who?" applies to both cases, then substitute an inanimate noun for this noun and ask it a qualifying question. For the genitive, it will be “there is nothing?”, And for the accusative, “I see what?”. If the word looks like in , then your noun's case is accusative.

In most cases, the distinction between the genitive and accusative forms is not difficult: you just need to pay attention to the case endings. If the endings of both forms coincide, you need to act according to the following algorithm.

Instruction

If you have inanimate in front of you, then you should ask a question about it. Nouns in

How to distinguish the accusative case from the genitive and nominative?

Perhaps the most interesting of all the cases of the Russian language is the accusative. Because all the rest answer themselves calmly to their questions and do not cause difficulties. With the accusative case, everything is different. It can be very easily confused with nominative or genitive. After all The accusative case answers the questions “Whom? What?" The accusative case denotes the object of the action. A noun, being in the accusative case, experiences the action of another noun, which in this sentence is a predicate. Everything becomes clear on the example: "I love my brother." The noun "brother" will be in the accusative case. And he will experience a feeling of love from the pronoun “I”. What you should pay attention to when determining the case, so as not to confuse it with the nominative, is the endings. Below is a table:

To distinguish the accusative from the genitive, we will use auxiliary words and questions. For the genitive - there is no (whom, what), for the accusative - I see (whom, what). As you can see, there are different questions for animate and inanimate objects. Let's play on this.

Consider an example:

"Grandma is not at home." Let's substitute an inanimate object - "there are no keys to the house." No one, what? Grandma, keys. Genitive.

"I don't see a plate on the table." Let's substitute an animated object - "I don't see my brother on the table." I don’t see anyone - my brother, I don’t see what - a plate. Whom, what - accusative case.

Features of the accusative case.

The accusative case is used with such prepositions as "In, for, about, on, through." Difficulties can still arise with the accusative case when temporary concepts are indicated in sentences. Let's give an example "All night to rewrite the abstract." The nouns "night" and "abstract" are in this sentence in the accusative case. With such proposals, you need to be extremely careful. Along with the confusion of accusative and nominative, it can also be confused with the genitive. Let's give an example: "Wait for mother" and "Wait for a message." In the first case, the case will be genitive, and in the second - accusative. There is a difference due to the declination of animate and inanimate objects, as we have already written above.

Instruction

In order to determine case names, it is necessary, first of all, to raise a question to . Nominative words case y, to the questions WHO? WHAT? If you asked WHO? or WHAT ?, then before you is a noun used in the form of an accusative case a.

Determine what the noun is. If the word is the subject, i.e. the main member of the sentence, then it is used in the form of a nominative case a. Accusative case om denotes a word that is a secondary member in a sentence, a direct object. For example, invite the children to identify case in this offer.
The girl writes. Ask them to put questions, determine which member of the sentence they are. They should come up with the following result. The word "girl" answers the question WHO ?, is the subject, which means it is used in the nominative case e. And the word "letter" is a minor member of the sentence, a direct object. It answers the question WHAT? and hence is used in the accusative case e.

Draw the attention of schoolchildren to the circumstance whether a noun is used with or without it. Words in the nominative case are used without prepositions. In the accusative - they have the prepositions ON, FOR, THROUGH, IN, etc.

It is also worth while defining case and compare endings in . So, in the names of nouns of the first declension there will be endings A, Z, if they are in the nominative form case a. Accordingly, in the accusative case e - U, Yu. For example, in the noun of the first declension "wall" the ending is A. It is used in the nominative case e. The word "wall" U. So he has an accusative case.

The case indicates the role of the word in the sentence. You can use the helper phrase WHO DOES WHAT to distinguish between nominative and accusative case her.

“Ivan gave birth to a girl and ordered to drag a diaper” - the first letters of this literary absurdity orderly announce the list of cases. There are six types of cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, prepositional. Each of them speaks of the temporary state of a particular noun, which can change in case form. It is not difficult to determine the type of case of a noun, you just need to figure out which question each of the cases answers.

Instruction

case nominative- the initial, real sound of the word. Answers the questions "who?" or "what?". If it is inanimate, for example: a window, a house, a book, a bus, then it answers the question “what?”, And if it is animate, for example, a girl, an elephant, mom, Rita, then, accordingly, it answers the question “who?”. This distribution according to the liveliness of the subject will concern everyone, which is why each case has two questions. Example 1. A person (who?) is an animate noun in the case, a car (what?) is an inanimate noun in the nominative case.

Genitive case, from the word "give birth to whom?" or "what?". As funny as it may sound, this is how the question should be asked. A number of questions coincide, therefore, some words will sound the same, the main thing is to put the correct case question. Example 2. A person (whom?) Is an animate noun in the genitive case, a car (what?) Is an inanimate noun in the genitive case.

Accusative case, answers the question: “blame whom?” or "what?". In this example, an inanimate noun matches, so the case is determined logically, by meaning. Example 4. A person (whom?) Is an animate noun in the accusative case, a car (what?) Is an inanimate noun in the accusative case. But if, according to the meaning: I bought a car (genitive case), and crashed the car (accusative case).

The instrumental case sounds like: “to create by whom?” or "what?". Example 5. A person (by whom?) is an animate noun in the instrumental case, a machine (what?) is an inanimate noun in the instrumental case.

Prepositional case - posing a question that is not consonant with its name: “talk about whom?” or "about what?". It is easy to define a word in this case, since a noun in this case always has . Example 6. About a person (about whom?) - an animate noun in the prepositional case, about a car (about what?) - an inanimate noun in the prepositional case.

Related videos

Helpful advice

Even if a case question does not match the meaning of a given sentence, it should still be asked to determine the case of a noun.

Related article

Sources:

• School experience
• cases example words

Tip 3: How to distinguish the genitive case of a noun from an accusative

Cases Russian language is a category of a word that shows its syntactic role in a sentence. Schoolchildren memorize the names of cases and their signs, that is, questions, but sometimes difficulties arise. For example, when you need to distinguish the genitive from the accusative.

You will need

• Knowledge of the Russian language according to the school curriculum, nouns in the accusative and genitive cases,

Instruction

Six are distinguished: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, prepositional. Auxiliary words and questions are used to determine the case. The spelling of the end of the word depends on this. Very often they confuse genitive (no: whom? what?) and accusative (blame: whom? what?), since the same questions are asked for animated objects: "whom?".

Ask a question. When in doubt, ask a qualifying question to the noun: "no what?" (for the genitive) and "see what?" (for accusative). If the word takes the form of the nominative case, then in this case it is accusative. For example: a small fish (accusative: I see what? a fish, you can’t say: there’s nothing? a fish).

If you need to determine the case in order to arrange endings, substitute the word "cat" or any other word for the noun, but be sure to use the first one. Determine the case depending on the ending. For example: pride in a teacher is an accusative case, because, substituting the word "cat" for a noun, we get: pride in a cat. The ending "y" indicates the accusative case. The ending "and" is genitive.

Analyze the relationship of words in . Genitive, as a rule, the ratio of part and whole (a glass of milk), belonging to something (sister's jacket), it is used when comparing (more beautiful than the queen). The accusative is used to convey spatio-temporal relations (work a week), the transition from action to an object (drive a car).

note

The accusative case indicates the complete coverage of the object by the action, a certain amount (drink milk), and the genitive case - the extension of the action to a part of the object (drink milk).

Helpful advice

An inanimate noun in the accusative case does not change, unlike the same noun in the genitive case: I saw a house (accusative), there were no houses in the area (genitive)

Sources:

• Page dedicated to the grammatical characteristics of the noun

Unlike the Finnish and Hungarian languages, in which there are one and a half to two dozen cases, in Russian grammar there are only six of them. The endings of words in different cases can be the same, so to determine the case, you must ask the correct question to the word being checked.

Instruction

To determine the case of a noun, carefully read the phrase in which it is included. Find the word to which the noun you are checking belongs - it is from this the words you will ask a question. For example, you are given the phrase "I love dogs", and you need to determine the case of the noun "dogs". The word "dogs" in this sentence is subordinate to the word "love". Therefore, you will ask a case question as follows: “I love whom?”

Each of the six cases has its own special question. So, in the nominative case, they answer the question "who?" or "what?". The auxiliary word "is" can be substituted for this case. For example, there is (who?) . The question of the genitive case is “whom?” or "what?". The auxiliary word "no" can be substituted for the noun in this case. Dative to the question "to whom? / what?" and is combined with the auxiliary word "give". The question of the accusative case - "whom?" or “what?”, and its auxiliary word is “blame”. Nouns in the instrumental case answer the question "by whom?" and are combined with the words "created" and "satisfied." Finally, the following questions: “about whom? / about what?”, “in whom? / in what?”. One of the auxiliary words of this case is the word "I think".

To determine the case, first you need to find the noun or pronoun to which it refers. Having determined the case of this main word, you will also recognize the case of the adjective, since they always agree in gender, number and case with those nouns () on which they depend. For example, “Kolya ate a big pear” The noun “pear” is used in the accusative case, so the case of the adjective “big” related to it is also accusative.

A noun is a part of speech that refers to a person or thing and answers the questions “who?” and what?". Nouns change according to cases, of which there are six in Russian. To prevent cases from being confused with each other, there is a strict system of rules and differences between them. In order to be able to correctly and quickly determine the accusative case, you need to know its questions, and what it is used for.

Instruction

In order to never make a mistake with the case of a noun, remember that each of them has unique questions defined for it, asking which you will get the corresponding one. Questions of the accusative case are the question “I see whom?” for the animate and “I see what?” for inanimate nouns.

In addition, learn the definitions of the accusative case of the Russian language, or rather, the cases when it is used. So, the accusative case denotes the transfer of temporal and spatial relationships (a week, a kilometer walk); the transition of the action completely to the subject (driving a car, leafing through a book). Very rarely accusative as a dependence on (offensive for a friend).

However, even by rules or endings, it is sometimes very difficult to determine the case, so always use special questions. In terms of questions, the accusative case partially coincides with the genitive and nominative. In order not to confuse them, do the following: if in front of you, and it answers the question “who?”, Which matches with, substitute it for it and ask a question to it. If the word answers the question “I see what?”, Then you have an accusative case.