Ege option 6 Russian language. Approximate range of problems

Composition - USE reasoning on the topic Steam poured out of the samovar, like from a steam locomotive, even the glass in the lamp was a little foggy

Assignment to the composition of the exam. Option 6:

Questions for essay 15.1, 15.2, 15.3: How do you understand the meaning of the phrase: Steam poured out of the samovar, like from a steam locomotive, even the glass in the lamp became a little foggy? Formulate and comment on your definition. Write an essay-reasoning on the topic Steam poured out of the samovar, like from a steam locomotive, even the glass in the lamp was a little foggy

Arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) examples-arguments and answers confirming your reasoning: give one example-argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience.

Essay or composition must be at least 70 words. If the essay is a paraphrase or a complete rewrite of the source text without any comments, then such work is evaluated by zero points. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Sample and example of a short essay No. 1 on the topic: Steam poured out of a samovar, like from a steam locomotive, even the glass in the lamp was a little foggy. How to write a mini essay with a plan

The text of Leonid Andreev raises the problem of the cruelty and immorality of war. The hero of the passage - a very young thirty-year-old man - lost his legs in the war. His loved ones are shocked by this. The author shows this with the help of a detail. A bicycle hangs on the wall with a piece of dirt stuck to the wheel. He has remained so since the hero rode a bicycle, and this was the last time. The narrator asks his brother to take the bike for himself.

The terrible tragedy that happened to the hero is shown by the author at the end of the text. In sentences 84 to 98, the relatives of the protagonist finally break down and give vent to their emotions. They are in despair over what happened to their loved one.

It is impossible to argue with the author's conviction. Our country, unfortunately, has often been drawn into bloody wars. There is not a single family that did not suffer during the last, most terrible in the history of mankind, the Great Patriotic War. One of the politicians of antiquity said that war is the continuation of politics by other means. I would dispute this claim. War is not a continuation of politics. This is a crime, and it was not for nothing that the Nazis were tried at the Nuremberg trials: they are really criminals.

I would like to argue my idea, based on the text of Leo Tolstoy. In the novel "War and Peace" one of the heroes, Prince Andrei, is wounded on the field of Austerlitz. He miraculously survived and feels completely lost. But at this terrible moment, on the border between life and death, Prince Andrei understands that war is not an opportunity to gain glory. It is horror, pain, death. Leo Tolstoy concludes in his novel: "War is not a courtesy, but the most disgusting thing in life."

War cripple not only the bodies of people, but also their destinies and their souls. Mikhail Sholokhov speaks about this in his story “The Fate of a Man”. Andrei Sokolov lost his entire family. The author describes the eyes of his hero as if dead, sprinkled with ashes. Andrei Sokolov often dreams that he is behind barbed wire. He sees his dead relatives, but cannot approach them. They disappear into the distance. The terrible mental trauma inflicted on Andrei Sokolov does not allow him to live normally. He tries to escape from this horror and adopts Vanyusha. This speaks of Andrei as a very strong person. And yet, the hero cannot get rid of the wounds, from the spiritual wounds inflicted by the war.

I would like to hope that humanity will soon fully realize how terrible violence is, and there will be no more warrior.

Sample and example of a short essay No. 2 on the topic: Steam poured out of a samovar, like from a steam locomotive, even the glass in the lamp was a little foggy. Examples from life and works of literature with arguments

The twentieth century turned into a series of terrible, destructive events for the history of our country. Sorrow and pain overwhelm the hearts of our compatriots to this day, and many works written during the war period do not allow us to forget about the feat of each hero. In this passage, L. Andreev discusses precisely the problem of the influence of war on a person. We get acquainted with the history of a family, one of whose members went to war and returned from it, it seems, a completely different person.

The author focuses our attention on such details as frequent pauses in speech and silence, pallor of the face and gloomy look of those who were waiting for their hero. The indignation and cry frozen on the lips of each member of the family, tantrums and tears from the realization of what is happening, the writer supplements with such contrasting details as the positive and “happiness” of the hero who survived and returned from the war, as well as “clean, with fluffed pillows, with a wrapped blanket ... bed, the very one” which was symbolically bought 4 years ago, before the wedding. I understand the author's opinion: L. Andreev believes that war cripples the fate of people and brings grief, pain and suffering to families. And regardless of the outcome of past events, the victims of the war cannot be compared with anything. I cannot but agree with the writer's thought.

Of course, there is nothing worse than war. This element is inhuman in all respects: it cripples the fate of both soldiers and those who are left to wait for loved ones in the rear, and the events themselves irrevocably change the attitude of a fighter to life, his once-existing dreams and aspirations, and often even kill him in the rear. him a person, leaving a psychological scar for the rest of his life. A good example is the hero of the story M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man". With the onset of the fateful date, the life of Andrei Sokolov, like that of many other soldiers, was divided into "before" and "after" - he lost his entire family and every day fought for his own life: in captivity and on the battlefield. His plans for the future were erased in an instant, the fire disappeared in his eyes, and in his thoughts there was only a desire to reach the end and make sure that all these sacrifices were not in vain.

Andrei Sokolov, of course, failed to return to his past, peaceful life, but on his way he met a no less crippled fate, a little unfortunate boy, left completely alone, with him the hero continued his post-war life - two ruined, lonely, but persistent hearts on the way to a brighter future. In V. Zakrutkin's story "The Human Mother" we get acquainted with another tormented, crippled fate. The war took everything from the main character: the Nazis hanged her husband and son in front of the woman, and it’s hard to imagine what thoughts and emotions overwhelmed the girl.

However, the maternal instinct did not let Maria go crazy and helped her move on: she performs an invaluable duty and saves many children and even a wounded German from certain death, thus showing that it is impossible to kill mercy in the heart of a Russian woman. The conclusion of all of the above is simple: there is nothing more terrible and destructive for a person than war, because even the surviving soldiers run the risk of never being able to love life again.

Sample and example of a short essay No. 3 on the topic: Steam poured out of a samovar, like from a steam locomotive, even the glass in the lamp was a little foggy. Arguments from the literature. Text problem

Russian writer L.N. Andreev touches upon the problem of the impact of war on a person.

The author describes the torments of the family members to which the disabled soldier returned. He himself tried to stay steadfast, sometimes joking, surprised at their behavior. The man is glad to be alive. The wife could not stand it and sobbed, after her and the mother began to beat in hysterics. It was unbearable for my brother to look at these sufferings of women.

The writer wanted to show how the war affects people, how the mental balance in the family is disturbed, what kind of mental anguish the close people of a person who has become a cripple go through.

I agree with the author's position that the war has prepared the following tests. It, like a chain of the most difficult events, continues to drag on for many years, and the heartache of the soldiers and their relatives will never disappear. The family will always remember this event. And, probably, there will never be an answer to the questions that the crippled wife asked in a frenzy: “Why is this? Who needed it?

How, after more than a dozen years, the war affects the physical and mental state of a person, the writer B. Ekimov shows in the story “The Night of Healing”. Baba Dunya is tormented by nightmares. She sees how she is looking for bread cards that she has lost, how she asks people, tells what they were tied into. In her sleep, she cries because the kids will be hungry. Then she dreams about how she collected two bags of acorns. These are reserves for the winter, because there is no bread. Acorns were crushed, a little flour was added, and meager pastries were obtained. But the foresters took the bags from her. Grisha's grandson, who was visiting Baba Dunya, found a way to calm her down and began to heal a loved one.

About the life of the family during the war, about how the war affected them, tells in the work "Children's Library" A.A. Likhanov. One day, when the mother was pouring soup into bowls, she suddenly suddenly shouted the word "reptiles" several times and began to cry. The son was even afraid that something must have happened to his father. What they feared most throughout the war was the thought that something bad had happened to their father. Children of the war believed in different signs. To avoid grief, it was impossible to pass under a forked pillar, to cross the road in front of a white horse. No adult persuasion helped. Yes, and the adults themselves believed in this in their hearts, despite their party membership and education, if only there were no funerals, typhus, hunger. People everywhere tried to speak quietly, because they were afraid to frighten the others by shouting. This is how the peace of mind, the peace of mind of people was disturbed in the rear during the war.

So, the war leaves an indelible mark. It causes people to die. War cripples both the body and the soul of a person. Separation from relatives, their death, the test of the blockade, life in the occupation or in a fascist concentration camp, people cannot forget. This bitter memory lives in their hearts for a long time.

The original text in the full version for the composition of the exam

(1) Steam poured out of the samovar, like from a steam locomotive - even the glass in the lamp became a little foggy: the steam was so strong. (2) And the cups were the same, blue on the outside and white inside, very beautiful cups that were given to us at the wedding. (3) The wife's sister gave it - she is a very nice and kind woman.

- (4) Did everyone survive? I asked incredulously, stirring the sugar in the glass with a clean silver spoon.

- (5) One broke, - the wife answered absently: at that time she kept the tap turned off, and hot water ran beautifully and easily from there.

(6) I laughed.

- (7) What are you? the brother asked.

- (8) So. (9) Well, take me one more time to the office. (10) Work hard for a hero! (10) They messed around without me, now that’s enough, I’ll pull you up, - and I jokingly, of course, sang: “We are bravely against enemies, to battle, friends, we are in a hurry ...”

(12) They understood the joke and also smiled, only the wife did not raise her face: she rubbed the cups with a clean embroidered towel. (13) In the office, I again saw blue wallpapers, a lamp with a green cap and a table on which stood a decanter of water. (14) And he was a little dusty.

- (15) Pour me some water from here, - I ordered cheerfully.

- (16) You just drank tea.

- (17) Nothing, nothing, pour it. (18) And you, - I said to my wife, - take your son and sit a little in that room. (19) Please.

(20) And in small sips, enjoying, I drank water, and my wife and son were sitting in the next room, and I did not see them.

- (21) So, good. (22) Now come here. (23) But why does he stay up so late?

- (24) He's glad you're back. (25) Honey, go to your father.

(26) But the child cried and hid at the mother's feet.

- (27) Why is he crying? I asked in bewilderment and looked around. - (28) Why are you all so pale, and are silent, and follow me like shadows?

(29) The brother laughed out loud and said:

We are not silent.

(30) And the sister repeated:

- (31) We talk all the time.

- (32) I'll take care of dinner, - said the mother and hurried out.

- (33) Yes, you are silent, - I repeated with unexpected confidence. -

(34) From the very morning I don’t hear a word from you, I only chat, laugh, rejoice. (35) Aren’t you glad to see me? (36) And why do you all avoid looking at me, have I changed so much? (37) Yes, it has changed so much. (38) I don’t even see mirrors. (39) Did you remove them? (40) Give me a mirror here.

- (41) Now I will bring it, - the wife answered and did not return for a long time, and the maid brought the mirror. (42) I looked into it, and - I already saw myself in the carriage, at the station - it was the same face, a little older, but the most ordinary. (43) And they seemed to expect for some reason that I would scream and faint, - they were so happy when I calmly asked:

What is unusual here?

(44) Laughing louder and louder, the sister hurried out, and the brother said confidently and calmly:

Yes. (45) You have changed little. (46) Gone a little.

- (47) Thank you for the fact that the head remained, - I answered indifferently. - (48) But where do they all run away: first one, then the other. (49) Take me around the rooms. (50) What a comfortable chair, completely silent. (51) How much did you pay? (52) And I won’t regret the money: I’ll buy myself such legs, it’s better ... (53) A bicycle!

(54) He hung on the wall, still brand new, only with tires that had fallen out of air. (55) A piece of dirt has dried on the tire of the rear wheel - from the last time I rode. (56) The brother was silent and did not move the chair, and I understood this silence and this indecision.

- (57) In our regiment, only four officers survived, - I said sullenly. - (58) I am very happy ... (59) And take it for yourself, take it tomorrow.

- (60) Okay, I'll take it, - the brother agreed meekly. - (61) Yes, you are happy. (62) We have half the city in mourning. (63) And the legs are, right ...

- (64) Of course. (65) I am not a postman.

(66) The brother suddenly stopped and asked:

Why is your head shaking?

- (67) Trivia. (68) It will pass, the doctor said!

- (69) And hands too?

- (70) Yes, yes. (71) And hands. (72) Everything will pass. (73) Take me, please, I'm tired of standing.

(74) They upset me, these disgruntled people, but joy returned to me again when they hurried me to prepare a bed - a real bed, on a beautiful bed, on a bed that I bought before the wedding, four years ago. (75) They spread a clean sheet, then fluffed up the pillows, wrapped the blanket - and I looked at this solemn ceremony, and there were tears of laughter in my eyes.

- (76) And now undress me and lay me down, - I said to my wife. - (77) How good!

- (78) Now, honey.

- (79) Hurry up!

- (80) Now, honey.

- (81) What are you?

- (82) Now, honey.

(83) She stood behind me, and I turned my head in vain to see her. (84) And suddenly she screamed, she screamed like they scream only in war:

What is this! - (85) And she rushed to me, hugged me, fell near me, hiding her head at the cut off legs, moving away from them in horror and falling down again, kissing these trimmings and crying.

- (86) What were you like! (87) After all, you are only thirty years old. (88) He was young, handsome. (89) What is it! (90) How cruel people are. (91) 3 why is this? (92) Who needed it? (93) You, my meek, my miserable, my dear, dear ...

(94) And then all of them came running to the cry, and the mother, and the sister, and the nanny, and they all cried, said something, lay at my feet and cried so. (95) And on the threshold stood a brother, pale, completely white, with a shaking jaw, and shrillly shouted:

I'm going crazy with you. (96) I'll go crazy!

(97) And the mother crawled by the chair and no longer screamed, but only wheezed and hit her head against the wheels. (98) And clean, with fluffed pillows, with a wrapped blanket, there was a bed, the same one that I bought four years ago - before the wedding ...

Leonid Nikolaevich Andreev (1871-1919) - Russian writer, playwright, publicist, representative of the Silver Age of Russian literature.

Option 6

Read the text and complete tasks 1-3

(1)L.N. Gumilyov, studying the features of the historical development of the peoples of Eurasia, drew attention to the fact that rapid social changes on the continent are associated with cycles of solar activity, which are quite fully described by astronomers. (2) Following the scientists in the field of natural science, the scientist suggested that this connection has

regular character. (3)<…>he put forward and developed the hypothesis that a sharp increase in solar activity favors the fact that "passionaries" are born on Earth in large numbers - people of increased activity, contributing to social changes and directing the historical movement of peoples.

1. Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) The main discovery of L.N. Gumilyov was that he was the first to see the connection between active members of society - "passionaries" - and a number of historical events in Eurasia.

2) L.N. Gumilyov drew attention to the fact that social changes and the strengthening of ethnic processes on Earth are somehow connected with the cosmic energy of the galaxy.

3) L.N. Gumilyov, putting forward the hypothesis of "passionaries", explained the connection between the cycles of solar activity and the intensification of socio-historical processes on Earth.

4) The peoples of Eurasia, according to L.N. Gumilyov, owe their historical development primarily to solar activity cycles, which are described in sufficient detail by astronomers.

5) Studying the features of the historical development of Eurasia, L.N. Gumilyov put forward the hypothesis of "passionaries", according to which there is a relationship between the cycles of solar activity and socio-historical processes on Earth.

2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).

But Because In the meantime However Moreover,

3. Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word DEVELOP. Determine in what sense this word is used in the third (3) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

DEVELOP - I call, - you call, owls.

1) Strengthen, give something. strengthen, strengthen.R. interest in music.

2) Bring to a certain degree of spiritual maturity, consciousness, culture.R. child. Reading developed it.

3) Distribute, expand, deepen the content or application of something.R. idea. R. argumentation.

4) Do something. on a large scale, with all the energy to deploy sth.R. agitation. R. activity.

4. In one of the words below, a mistake was made in setting the stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel is highlighted INCORRECTLY. Write out this word.

Boyhood Xs Bleeding Began to Vulgarize

5. In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the mistake and write this word correctly.

The jury reached a guilty verdict in the case.

Experiments have shown that when lightning strikes soil containing silicates and ORGANIC carbon, a ball of silicon and silicon carbide fibers is formed.

“He was a very HIDDEN person who knew how to keep silent,” the writer's contemporaries recalled.

Inside the Soviets, instead of democracy, the dictatorship of the Bolsheviks was established.

I am ready to forgive even cruelty if I see compassion COMING from the one who speaks about it.

6. In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form.Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.

ERASE from the board / sing LOUDLY / 150 meters / two pairs of SOCKS / without uttering a word

7. Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and sentences in which they are made: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

SUGGESTIONS

A) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition

B) incorrect sentence construction with adverbial turnover

C) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate

D) incorrect sentence construction with indirect speech

D) violation in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members

1) In 1915, Charlie Chaplin participated in the Charlie Chaplin look-alike competition in San Francisco, but he not only did not win, but did not even make it to the final.

2) The student told his teacher that I had not yet prepared for the answer.

3) Nekrasov's poem "Railway" presents a picture of folk life.

4) Turning back, it seemed to me that the dog was still following me, but there was no one.

5) Many years ago, here, in the very center of the village, there was a wooden church, and everyone who saw it admired the elegance of the building.

6) From June 1, commuter trains will depart according to the summer schedule.

7) The beast carefully made his way along the road leading to the village and along which he had already walked more than once.

8) A group of rescuers advanced towards a group of tourists.

9) All parcels sent abroad undergo strict epidemiological control.

8. Determine the word in which the unstressed alternating vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

approx..attractive..native (station) obn..mother sat..report anal..gic

9. Find a row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write these words out with the missing letter.

pr .. miracle, pr .. back (interpret)

pr..mazh (with glue), pr..grandfather

not..bendable, ..give

voz..chalk, inter..grovoy

under .. yachiy, about .. ate

10. Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.

koch..wat the gun..tso suede..vy eclipse..wat thoughtful..vy

11. Write down the word in which the letter Y is written in place of the gap.

hoping .. schisya (they) offended .. tsya (patients) recover ..t sealed ..nny (they) see ..t

12. Identify the sentence in which NOT with the word is spelled CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write out this word.

We lived in poverty, constantly (NOT) EATING, exchanged for food those things that we brought with us.

My trained eye determined that the area was (NOT) DIVINED, but I still decided to look for at least some signs of human presence.

It is still far (NOT) CLEAR whether such an evaluation criterion is applicable to everyone and to the same extent.

The zoo accepts (NOT) SOLD-OUT fruits for the New Year, which will be enjoyed by elephants, kangaroos, bears and artiodactyls.

She is an amazing Russian actress, he is an (UN)KNOWN genius teacher, and both are true servants of the theater.

13. Determine the sentence in which both underlined words are spelled ONE. Open the brackets and write out these two words.

Investigation of evidence (IN) THE CONSEQUENCE is preceded by the announcement of the documents formulating the charge, and ALSO (SAME) by a discussion of the procedure for examining evidence.

The nihilistic philosophy does not allow any (SUPER)PERSONAL value on which a person could rely to justify his existence.

(FIRST) FIRST, everything should be fair, so the booty should be divided (FOR) EXACTLY.

(NOT) DESPITE the hostility of critics, Turgenev was extremely popular among Russian readers: his novels enjoyed great fame even (AT) THE BEGINNING of the 20th century.

The theater was a (WHITE)STONE building with a high porch and SO(SAME) high oak doors.

14. Indicate all the numbers in the place of which HN is written.

The young officers appointed (1) to the regiment were spoiled (2) with a gentle attitude towards them during the training period and completely (3) did not know anything about the true (4) life of ordinary soldiers.

15. Use punctuation marks . Choose two sentences in which you want to putONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) His relatives and colleagues and numerous friends came to congratulate the hero of the day.

2) The romantic hero finds an equal beginning only in communion with the elements: with the world of the ocean or sea, mountains or coastal rocks.

3) In the excerpt from Bunin's "Antonov apples" one feels not so much the author's desire to be a landowner as the desire to be free from petty matters.

4) The constant movement of aspiration to other limits is the essence of creative life, and Pasternak wrote about this in one of his poems.

5) In the morning, the east lit up with a blush and small clouds turned into a delicate color.

16. Put all the punctuation marks:

Mathematics (1) originated in Ancient Greece (2) has two "parents" - logic and geometry, therefore (3) without understanding (4) the nature of the "parents" (5) its essence cannot be understood.

17. Put in all the missing punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) that should be replaced by a comma(s) in the sentence.

Winds (1) winds (2) o snowy (3) winds (4)

Notice my past life.

I want to be a child of light

Or a flower from the meadow border.

I (5) would like (6) under horse snores

Hug with a neighboring bush.

Raise w (7) you (8) moon paws (9)

My sadness in heaven with a bucket.

(S. Yesenin)

18. Put all the punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) that should be replaced by a comma(s) in the sentence.

It was as if Chekhov did not know how to keep in focus for a long time the pattern of life (1) the essence (2) of which (3) his genius snatched everywhere (4) so he became a master of short stories.

19. Put all the punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) that should be replaced by a comma(s) in the sentence.

How nice it is to look at a ship with white sails from afar (1) and (2) when you get into this web of gear (3) from which (4) there is no passage (5) and you see everything from the inside (6) you immediately recognize the superiority of the steamer over the sailboat.

20. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error,excluding superfluous word. Write out this word.

The newcomer, probably, did not get along well with people: he did not participate in common tea parties, he always worked in silence, without words.

Read the text, complete tasks 21 - 26

(1) The sky was covered with evil clouds, the rain sadly beat on the glass and made me sad. (2) In a thoughtful pose, with his vest unbuttoned and his hands in his pockets, he stood at the window and looked at the gloomy street, the owner of the city pawnshop, Polikarp Semyonovich Iudin.

(3) “Well, what is our life? - he reasoned in unison with the weeping sky. - (4) What is she? (5) Some kind of book with a mass of pages on which more suffering and grief are written than joys ... (6) Why was it given to us? (7) After all, God, good and omnipotent, did not create the world for sorrows! (8) And it turns out the other way around. (9) There are more tears than laughter ... "

(10) Judas took his right hand out of his pocket and scratched the back of his head.

(11) “Yes,” he continued thoughtfully, “in terms of the universe, obviously, there was no poverty, venality and shame, but in reality they are. (12) They were created by humanity itself. (13) It itself gave rise to this scourge. (14) And for what, one asks, for what?

(15) He took out his left hand and mournfully passed it over his face.

(16) “But how easy it would be to help human grief: it would only be worth moving a finger. (17) Here, for example, there is a rich funeral procession. (18) A gear of horses in black blankets carries a magnificent coffin, and a line of carriages rides behind almost a mile away. (19) Torchbearers stand out importantly with lanterns. (20) Cardboard emblems dangle on horses: an important person is being buried, the dignitary must have died. (21) Has he done at least one good deed in his whole life? (22) Did you warm the poor? (23) Of course not ... tinsel!

- (24) What do you want, Semyon Ivanovich?

- (25) Yes, I find it difficult to evaluate the costume. (26) In my opinion, you can’t give more than six rubles for it. (27) And she asks for seven; says the kids are sick, they need to be treated.

- (28) And six rubles will be a bit much. (29) Do not give more than five, otherwise we will burn out like that. (30) Just take a good look around, if there are any holes and if there are any spots left ...

(31) “Well, sir, so here is a life that makes you think about human nature. (32) Behind a rich hearse stretches a cart, onto which a pine coffin is piled. (33) Behind her weaving, slapping through the mud, only one old woman. (34) This old woman, perhaps, is putting her breadwinner son in the grave ... (35) And ask if that lady who is sitting in the carriage will give her at least a penny? (36) Of course, he won’t, although he may express his condolences ... "

-(37) What else is there?

- (38) The old woman brought a fur coat ... how much to give?

- (39) Rabbit fur ... (40) Nothing, strong, it costs five rubles. (41) Give me three rubles, and the interest, of course, is forward ... (42) “Where, in fact, are people, where are their hearts? (43) The poor are dying, but the rich don’t care ... "

(44) Judas pressed his forehead against the cold glass and thought. (45) Tears appeared in his eyes - large, shiny, crocodile tears.

(according to A.P. Chekhov*)

* Alexander Pavlovich Chekhov (1855–1913) - Russian writer, prose writer, publicist, elder brother of Anton Pavlovich Chekhov.

21. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Specify the answer numbers.

1) Polikarp Semyonovich Iudin is one of the ordinary employees of the city pawnshop.

2) The woman who took the suit to the pawnshop had sick children.

3) In the city pawnshop of Judah, interest is taken forward.

4) The owner of the city pawnshop is worried about the fate of the people, so he is ready to do charity work.

5) One old woman went to a pawnshop to hand over a hare coat, as she was very poor and she needed money for a funeral.

22. Which of the following statements arefaithful ? Specify the answer numbers.

Enter the numbers in ascending order.

1) Sentence 2 contains a description.

2) Sentences 11-14 present the narrative.

3) Proposition 23 contains the answer to the question formulated in Propositions 21-22.

4) Sentences 34–36 present reasoning

5) Sentence 45 explains the reason for what is said in sentence 44.

23. From sentences 39-45 write out antonyms (antonymic pair).

24. Among sentences 28-34, find one(s) that is(-s) related to the previous one using a demonstrative pronoun and cognates.

Write the number(s) of this offer(s).

25. “Chekhov's stories are compact in form and deep in content, and the author avoids direct value judgments – his voice sounds low, but at the same time firm and distinct. This is facilitated by a complex composition and, of course, a competent selection of visual and expressive means. In the presented fragment, it is worth noting the trope - (A) __________ (“evil clouds” in sentence 1, “gloomy street” in sentence 2), the lexical means - (B) __________ (“hang out” in sentence 20, “burn out” in sentence 29 , “weaves, spanking…” in sentence 33), the syntactic means is (B)__________ (sentences 3, 14, 21). It is worth paying attention to such a technique as (D) __________ (sentence 11), which becomes, perhaps, one of the main ones in the construction of this text.

List of terms:

1) phraseological units 2) antithesis 3) epithets 4) colloquial vocabulary

5) rows of homogeneous members of a sentence 6) interrogative sentences 7) lexical repetition

8) hyperbole 9) synecdoche

26. Write an essay based on the text you read.

Formulate one of the problems posed by the author of the text.

Comment on the formulated problem. Include in the comment two illustration examples from the read text that you think are important for understanding the problem in the source text (avoid over-quoting).

Formulate the position of the author (narrator). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the read text. Explain why. Argue your opinion, relying primarily on the reader's experience, as well as on knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).

The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.

ANSWERS:

1. Answer: 35|53.

2. Answer:Furthermore.

3. Answer: 3.

4. Answer:trivialize.

5. Answer:secretive.

6. Answer:uttering.

7. 8 4 5 2 7

8. Answer:hug

9. Answer:diehard surrender

10. Answer:thoughtful

11. Answer:offended

12. Answer:malnourished

13. Answer:superpersonal to

14. Answer: 134.

15. Answer: 23|32.

16. Answer: 1235

17. Answer: 12489

18. Answer: 14.

19. Answer: 1356.

20. Answer:wordlessly or silently.

21. Answer: 23

22. Answer: 134.

23. Answer:the poor to the rich

24. Answer: 34

25. Answer: 3462.

1. The problem of human duplicity, hypocrisy. (What assessment is worthy of a person who complains about human vices and at the same time does evil himself?)

1. A hypocrite, a two-faced person worthy of ridicule and contempt.

2. The problem of true and false compassion, mercy. (How is true and false compassion manifested?)

2. Behind beautiful compassionate speeches is not always true compassion. Compassion, mercy is demonstrated by deeds, not words.

* To formulate the problem, the examinee may use vocabulary that differs from that presented in the table. The problem may also be cited from the source text or indicated by reference to sentence numbers in the text.

Vasilyeva I.P., Gosteva Yu.N. 2019. 15 options. STANDARD TESTS

OPTION 6

Part 1

The answers to tasks 1-26 are a number (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers). Write down the answer in the answer field in the text of the work, and then transfer it to the ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of the task number, starting from the first cell, without spaces, commas and other additional characters. Write each letter or number in a separate box in accordance with the samples given in the form.

Read the text and complete tasks 1-3.

In the ancient Russian state, during the period of fragmentation, dialects and adverbs developed that were understandable for a separate lot, this led to disunity not only territorial, but also cultural. (2) there was a need for a written language that was understandable to everyone, it was needed for trade, diplomacy, the church, and Old Church Slavonic became such a language. (3) The history of its origin and formation in Russia is connected with the Byzantine policy of the Russian princes and with the activities of the monk brothers Cyril and Methodius, who created the Slavic alphabet.

1. Indicate the answer options that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) In the ancient Russian state, during the period of fragmentation, trade, diplomacy, the church needed a single written language that was understandable to everyone.

2) In the ancient Russian state there was a period of fragmentation, when dialects developed that were understandable only in certain territories, and this led to disunity not only territorial, but also cultural.

3) The monk brothers Cyril and Methodius created the Slavic alphabet and thus made a huge contribution to the creation of the written language of the Old Russian state, and the interaction of Old Church Slavonic and Russian spoken languages made it possible to form the Old Russian language.

4) The history of the emergence and formation of the written language that contributed to overcoming the territorial and cultural disunity of the Old Russian state, which became Old Slavonic, is connected with the Byzantine policy of the Russian princes and the activities of the monk brothers Cyril and Methodius who created the Slavic alphabet.

5) Overcoming the territorial and cultural disunity of the Old Russian state was facilitated by the emergence and formation of a single written language, which became Old Slavonic, this was due to the policy of the Russian princes and the activities of the monk brothers Cyril and Methodius, who created the Slavic alphabet.

Answer:

2. Pick up by yourself adverb, which should be in place of the gap in the second (2) sentence of the text. Write down this adverb.

3. Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word DETAIL. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

LOT, -a; m.

1) What is meant for someone. fate, nature, what awaits someone. W. smb. - literature. Defense of the Fatherland - y. military.

2) In Russia before 1917: immovable land property of a member of the imperial family.

3) In Ancient Russia of the XII-XVI centuries: a part of the grand principality, owned and controlled by a member of the grand ducal family. Select at. son.

4) Book. Share, fate, fate. Joyful at. Sad at. fell out to smb. Everyone got one.

5) Razg. A piece of land that belongs to someone. during the division, distribution and becoming personal land property.

Answer: ________________________________

4. In one of the words below, a mistake was made in setting the stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel is highlighted INCORRECTLY. Write out this word.

Answer: ________________________________

5. In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.

The HONORARY presidium of the most prominent representatives of the scientific world was located on the stage.

The moonlight stood beside the trees in slanting, long clefts, in which, magically changing, floated cosmic swamp vapors.

The art album allows you to FILL in the gaps in the study of the Russian estate thanks to the beautiful photographs of Siberian estates that have survived to this day.

Of course, it was very pleasant when the chairman, an old, famous geographer, before presenting the floor to me, said a few words about me himself.

The stove is heated, and I, as a RECOGNIZED stoker by everyone, follow it in order to close it in time Answer: ________________________________

6. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by excluding the extra word. Write out this word.

From the whole variety of indoor flowers, you can choose those types that will not only decorate the interior of your home, but will also be good for your health.

Answer: ________________________________

7. In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

in BOTH books / enough CRASHER / RIDE the subway / lots of LEMONS

THEIR interests

Answer: ________________________________

8. Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and sentences in which they are made: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS	SUGGESTIONS
A) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate	1) The accordion player has touched the mother-of-pearl buttons, and the delightful sounds of Mozart will fill the dugout.
B) incorrect formation of the case form of a noun with a preposition	2) I remembered that this was the first year when they began to award medals to excellent students and medals had weight: a 100% excellent student of our Furriers class received a gold one, and I got a silver one.
B) violation in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members	3) Due to the substances contained in nutmeg, which stimulate digestion and have an antibacterial effect, in the Middle Ages it was possible to fight epidemics of gastrointestinal diseases.
D) violation in the construction of a complex sentence	4) It has been noticed that those who in childhood spent more time not at home, but in the open air, became less often short-sighted.
E) violation of the species-temporal correlation of verb forms	5) Scales of cones of coniferous trees can be both thin and leathery - in spruces, larches, as well as thick, woody - in pines and cypresses.
	6) A special interest in culture allowed Dmitry Sergeevich to be on the crest of interdisciplinary scientific research in the humanities, which led at the end of the 20th century to the formation of a new branch of knowledge - cultural studies.
	7) Descriptions of road impressions, reflecting the ethnographic and social characteristics of different countries, evoke a lively response in the reader's environment.
	8) Having got used to struggle with various difficulties, we soon begin to see problems where there are none.
	9) A.Ya. Panaeva in her book "Memoirs" lovingly describes an unusual house built on the seaside, far from any habitation, in the middle of a huge park with a shady linden alley.

Write in the table the selected numbers under the corresponding letters.

9. Indicate the answer options in which all the words of one row are missing unstressed unchecked root vowel. Write down the answer numbers.

1) app..llation, ingr..dient, in..negret

3) pr..tendent, k..lonnada, p..lisadnik 4) szh..mother, d..letant, issue

5) d..nealogia

Answer: ________________________________

10. Indicate the answer options in which the same letter is missing in all the words of one row. Write down the answer numbers.

1) in .. move, in .. feed, and .. scratching 2) p.. edestal, sparrow .. other, in .. young

3) rose..grysh, by..sk, super..interesting 4) from..take, distribute..give, spread..go

5) pr..to scare, pr..growth, pr..to be sad

Answer: ________________________________

11.

1) quartz..vy, percent..tsa

4) crooked .. know, ask 5) restart .., squirrel .. nok

Answer: ________________________________

12. Indicate the answer options in which the same letter is missing in both words of the same row. Write down the answer numbers.

1) waving, (grass) swaying .. 2) moving, (they) chirping ..t 3) glimmering, (enemies) rushing ..

4) learned .. nny, meaning 5) off .. looming .. sh

Answer: ________________________________

13. Define a sentence that NOT with the word spelled CLITCH. Open the brackets and write out this word.

I confess that I (NOT) TOO LOVE this tree - the aspen - with its lavender trunk and gray-green, metallic foliage, which it raises as high as possible and scatters in the air with a trembling fan.

Vegetable, medicinal and ornamental flower beds are attractive, they allow you to get (NOT) BAD yields and save time in weed control.

How long I slept, I (NOT) CANNOT say, but when I opened my eyes, the whole forest was filled with the sun and a bright blue sky shone through the joyfully rustling foliage.

Ilya Ilyich began to create in his mind a plan for various changes and improvements in the management of his estate, according to this plan it was supposed to introduce various new economic measures, but the plan was still far (NOT) ALL thought over.

Answer: ________________________________

14. Determine the sentence in which both underlined words are spelled ONE. Open the brackets and write out these two words.

Usually a person, creating SOMETHING (FOR) utilitarian, (FOR) EXAMPLE, a building, a bridge, a tool, seeks to make it also aesthetically attractive.

And (THIS) HOUR there are still many houses in the capital that remember this great artist-philosopher, a tireless seeker of truth, (FOR) THIS, many places in the city - Tverskoy Boulevard, the English Club, the Zoological Garden ice rink, Nikolaev railway station, Kuznetsky bridge - are perceived as pages from Tolstoy books.

WHAT (WHAT) came to Peter's mind, he HERE (SAME) undertook to implement it.

More than one hundred and sixty letters belong to the XIII century, and only two mention (ANCIENT) RUSSIAN cities, and even then (B) CONNECTIONS with military affairs.

WHEN (THAT) here, at the edge of the forest, on the site of a wooden church, Grand Duke Ivan III laid a stone church, which was built (FINALLY) by Pskov craftsmen.

Answer: ________________________________

15. Indicate all the numbers in the place of which it is written HH.

In two halls of the Tretyakov Gallery, there are (1) masterpieces of painting that people have been creating for centuries: the ingenious Rublev’s “Trinity icons of Novgorod, Vladimir and Northern writing, the aristocratically refined (2) works of Dionysius and the tragically severe images of Theophan the Greek, decorated with (3) icons - giant iconostases of famous temples and miniature icons with illuminating (4) and pacifying (5) faces.

Answer: ________________________________

16. Set up punctuation marks. Write two sentences in which you need to put ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) With an abundance of wood in Russia, it has always been used for construction and other purposes very rationally.

2) A merry May thunder struck and unleashed the tongues of all living things.

3) The ancient spoon craft exists in the Nizhny Novgorod region to this day and has more than one century.

4) A significant part of both beneficial and harmful effects is associated with the invisible part of solar radiation.

5) The desire to acquire knowledge is understandable, natural and beneficial for the individual himself and for society as a whole.

Answer: ________________________________

17.

In autumn, myriads of bacteriopnoctiluces (1) that look like a water lily leaf under a microscope (2) and (3) as if including many tiny luminous grains (4) cause the sea water to glow.

Answer: ________________________________

18. Place all the missing signs and repinanmya: indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) in the sentences should be a comma (s).

If (1) you (2) the reader (3) will pass the Kolomna reserved place to the high bank of the Moskva River, then reverently bare your head in front of the seasoned oak - he (4) is probably (5) the only one in Russia during whose life the Battle of Kulikovo took place . At the time of Boris Godunov, or (6) let's say (7) during the years of Ivan Bolotnikov, who stood here as a rebellious camp, the oak was no longer young.

Answer: ________________________________

19. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) in the sentence should (s) be a comma (s).

Slavic writing (1) the heir (2) of which (3) is our modern writing (4) was among the most important discoveries more than a thousand years ago, in the 9th century AD.

Answer: ________________________________

20. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) in the sentence should (s) be a comma (s).

The designs of aviation instruments and equipment were the basis for the creation of space technology (1) and (2) although spaceships bear little resemblance to an airplane (3) and their flight bears little resemblance to the flight of aircraft (4), nevertheless, in their design and equipment there is a lot from winged machines.

Answer: ________________________________

21. Find the sentences where the dash is placed according to the same punctuation rule. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

(1) Seliger is the pearl of the Tver region and one of the significant lakes in Russia. (2) It is located on the border of the Tver and Novgorod regions - on the wooded hills of the Valdai Upland. (3) Numerous hills, lakes, swamps, a myriad of boulders scattered here are traces of a giant glacier. (4) Many millennia ago, under the influence of the Valdai glaciation, several powerful moraine ridges formed, and most of the lakes are located in the lowlands between them. (5) The first mentions of Seliger are found in Russian chronicles of the 11th-13th centuries. (6) Seliger is one of the significant lakes in our country. (7) Its area is about 260 square kilometers, including under the islands - 38 square kilometers.

Answer: ________________________________

Read the text and complete tasks 22-27.

(1) From early childhood to old age, the whole life of a person is inextricably linked with language. (2) The child has not yet learned to speak properly, and his pure ear already catches the murmur of grandmother's fairy tales, mother's lullaby. (3) But fairy tales and jokes are a language.

(4) A teenager goes to school. (5) A young man walks to an institute or university. (6) A whole sea of words, a noisy ocean of speech picks him up there, behind wide doors. (7) Through the lively conversations of teachers, through the pages of hundreds of books, for the first time he sees the immensely complex Universe reflected in the word. (8) Through the word, he first learns about what his eyes have not yet seen.

(9) In a sonorous word, the icebergs of the Arctic sparkle, the waterfalls of Africa and America rustle. (10) The vast world of stellar spaces is revealed, the microscopic spaces of molecules and atoms become visible. (11) A new person is related to ancient thoughts, with those that have developed in the minds of people millennia before his birth. (12) And all this is only thanks to the language.

(13) Joyful or bitter, angry or tender, a winged song flies over the expanses of the Motherland. (14) A song is a language. (15) On the blackboard of the audience, a strict formula of mathematics turns white sharply. (16) This formula is also a language!

(17) And you, and I, and each of us - we all constantly think.

(18) Is it possible to think without words?

(19) Everything that people do in the truly human world, they do with the help of language. (20) It is impossible to work without him in concert, together with others. (21) Without language, it is unthinkable to move forward science, technology, crafts, art - life.

(22) We can only defend the future of the Motherland and all mankind from hated enemies, crush the grave delusions of the past, rejoice and be sad, share our love and our anger with others only with the help of words. (23) And the words make up the language.

(24) “If each member of the human race could not explain his concepts to another,” the great Pomor Lomonosov once said, “then we would not only be deprived of a concordant common affairs of the flow, which is controlled by the combination of different thoughts, but almost Were we worse than the wild beasts scattered through the forests and deserts!

(25) Each tool brings the highest benefit in the hands of the one who studied it as deeply as possible, who owns it as a master. (26) And mastering any of them means knowing to the subtleties how they are arranged, what parts they consist of, how they work and how they change during work, what kind of treatment they require.

(27) When the boys and girls of our country graduate from high school, they usually find themselves in the position of "knights at the crossroads."

(28) There is a stone, and on the stone there is an inscription: “Whoever goes to the left will fall into the country of geographers and will pave paths through unknown lands all his life. (29) Will study distant peoples.

(30) It will be with great difficulty to break through in places where the human foot has not yet set foot ... "

(31) Shall we go to the left?

(32) But another inscription promises: “If you go to the right, you will become a physicist. (33) You will penetrate the secrets of the atomic nucleus and into the depths of giant stars. (34) You will solve the greatest mysteries of the Universe, help astronomers, geophysicists, ship builders, and pilots. (35) What could be more captivating than such a life? (36) Go right, young friend!

(37) And there are more baits nearby. (38) Here is a steep path of geology with its ridges and rocks, gorges and abysses. (39) Here is the mysterious road of archaeologists, meandering in ancient fog, among ruins and caves, from the Stone Age sites to the ruins of the southern acropolises. (40) And there, further, gardens and forests of botany, reserves of zoologists, quiet laboratories and rumbling factory floors, fields. (41) All this lives, bubbles, boils, moves. (42) Everything attracts young hearts.

(43) And suddenly another inconspicuous inscription: “If you follow this path, you will become a linguist ...” (44) “Linguist? (45) And what does he do? (46) Lock yourself for life in the four walls of a gloomy office, doom yourself to digging in dusty charters, search for years, should you write a soft sign at the end of the word “ball”? (47) Who needs it? (48) No, you know, thanks!

(49) Many people think so. (50) They think because they don’t imagine what the work of a linguist is, what, how and why he is busy.

(51) In Turkmenistan, rummaging in the land of ancient Parthian settlements, archaeologists have extracted many clay shards from the ashes. (52) On their surface, features of mysterious signs smeared with paint were found. (53) What do these letters say? (54) Who applied them to the clay, when and why? (55) The shards would be doomed to eternal silence if we did not have linguists engaged in the study of eastern ancient languages. (56) They read the mysterious inscriptions. (57) Broken vessels of hoary antiquity spoke. (58) Scientists have cut through another window into the ancient world, which was once noisy and full of all the colors of life.

(59) Or, thousands of miles away, among the violent waves of the most stormy of the oceans, as if in mockery called the Pacific, a small rock, the mysterious Easter Island, protrudes from the water. (60) This island is mysterious from beginning to end. (61) Who lived on it and when? (62) Who erected giant statues of unknown giants along the coast and high in the mountains on a bare stone cliff? (63) Who scattered softwood planks around the island, on which rows of incomprehensible signs of unknown writing are inscribed? (64) Where did these unknown sculptors and scribes come from, what catastrophe destroyed them, where did they disappear to?

(65) Maybe we would have learned at least something about this if we could solve the mystery of the wooden tablets now carefully stored in many museums around the world. (66) But until now, they have not succumbed to the efforts of scientists so much that it was impossible to even begin to decipher them.

(67) It would seem that the case is hopeless. (68) But just before the Great Patriotic War, a very young researcher, almost a boy, Boris Kudryavtsev, who had just graduated from high school, boldly took on him. (69) He did not deal with the famous tables for long, but managed to make a number of important discoveries, several significant steps through the wilds that seemed impassable before him. (70) The war interrupted the life path of Boris Kudryavtsev, but his work will be continued by other young linguists. (71) Don't you want to be among them? (According to L.V. Uspensky *)

* Lev Vasilievich Uspensky (1900-1978) - Russian Soviet writer, linguist and philologist, publicist, translator.

22. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Specify the answer numbers.

1) The mental activity of a person is carried out only with the help of words.

2) Language unites people, because with the help of language people communicate their thoughts to each other.

4) The linguist does not leave the walls of his office, leads a secluded life, his work is connected only with solving spelling problems.

5) Linguists, engaged in the study of ancient Eastern languages, still could not decipher the mysterious writing of the ancient Parthian settlements.

Answer: ________________________________

23. Which of the following statements are true? Specify the answer numbers.

1) In sentences 1-3, reasoning is presented.

2) Sentences 19-23 present the narrative.

3) Sentence 26 clarifies the content of sentence 25.

4) Proposals 28 and 31 are contrasted in content.

5) Sentence 51 contains the answer to the question formulated in sentence 45. -

Answer: ________________________________

24. From sentences 59-66, write out the word with the meaning "sculptural image of a person or animal (usually in full growth or length)".

Answer: ________________________________

25. Among sentences 49-58, find one (s) that is (s) connected with the previous one with the help of a possessive pronoun. Write the number(s) of this offer(s).

List of terms:

1) metaphor

2) antonyms

5) a number of homogeneous members

6) rhetorical question

7) parceling

9) quoting

Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while doing tasks 22-25.

This fragment examines the language features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Fill in the gaps (A, B, C, D) with the numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list. Write in the table under each letter the corresponding number.

Write the sequence of numbers in the ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of the task number 26, starting from the first cell, without spaces, commas and other additional characters.

Write each number in accordance with the samples given in the form.

26. “Lev Vasilyevich Uspensky is a linguist. When he speaks to his reader about language, his speech is persuasive, lively and figurative, full of admiration and lyricism. All these features of speech are transmitted with the help of a variety of means of expression, among which are reception - (A) ___ (in sentence 24), syntactic means - (B) ___ (proposal 36), as well as trails: (B) ___ (in sentence 6) and (D) ___ (suggestions 46-48)."

List of terms:

1) metaphor

2) antonyms

4) exclamatory sentence

5) a number of homogeneous members

6) rhetorical question

7) parceling

9) quoting

Do not forget to transfer all answers to the answer sheet No. 1 in accordance with the instructions for doing the work.

Make sure that each answer is written on the line with the number of the corresponding task.

Part 2

Use the ANSWER FORM #2 to answer this question.

27. Write an essay based on the text you read.

Formulate one of the problems set by the author of the text. Comment on the formulated problem. Include in a comment two illustrative examples from the text you read that you think are important to understanding the problem in the source text (avoid over-quoting).

Explain the meaning of each example and indicate the semantic relationship between them.

The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.

A work written without relying on the text read (not on this text) is not evaluated. If the essay is a paraphrase or a complete rewrite of the source text without any comments, then such work is evaluated with 0 points.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

	Option 6






	provide
	interior







	not bad
	now therefore

Option 6

Approximate range of problems
1) The problem of the role of language in human life. (What is the role of language in human life?)	1) The role of language in human life is enormous: from early childhood, with the help of language, a person learns the world by listening to fairy tales, songs, jokes; texts and live colloquial speech, the language of formulas, the language of song help a person to receive information, convey their thoughts and feelings, understand other people of different eras and generations, develop science, crafts, and art.
2) The problem of mastery of the language. (What is mastery of the language manifested in?)	2) Mastery of the language is impossible without studying it to the subtleties, understanding how the language works and how it changes, what kind of treatment it requires. At this level, linguists speak the language.
3) The problem of a person's choice of profession. (Is it difficult to choose a profession? What influences a person's choice of a future profession?)	3) It is not easy to choose a profession, because many things in the profession that are only outwardly attractive can interest young people. It is important to understand what the essence of the profession is, and it is necessary to realize which profession attracts more than others.
4) The problem of choosing the profession of a linguist. (What attracts the profession of a linguist?)	4) Linguistics, who know, for example, ancient languages, are able to “cut through” a window into the ancient world, learn about the life of people in the past.

Option 6

Read the text and complete tasks 1-3

regular character. (3) he put forward and developed the hypothesis that a sharp increase in solar activity favors the fact that "passionaries" are born on Earth in large numbers - people of increased activity, contributing to social changes and directing the historical movement of peoples.

1. Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) The main discovery of L.N. Gumilyov was that he was the first to see the connection between active members of society - "passionaries" - and a number of historical events in Eurasia.

2) L.N. Gumilyov drew attention to the fact that social changes and the strengthening of ethnic processes on Earth are somehow connected with the cosmic energy of the galaxy.

3) L.N. Gumilyov, putting forward the hypothesis of "passionaries", explained the connection between the cycles of solar activity and the intensification of socio-historical processes on Earth.

4) The peoples of Eurasia, according to L.N. Gumilyov, owe their historical development primarily to solar activity cycles, which are described in sufficient detail by astronomers.

2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).

But Because In the meantime However Moreover,

DEVELOP- I call, - you call, owls.

1) Strengthen, give something. strengthen, strengthen. R. interest in music.

2) Bring to a certain degree of spiritual maturity, consciousness, culture. R. child. Reading developed it.

3) Distribute, expand, deepen the content or application of something. R. idea. R. argumentation.

4) Do something. on a large scale, with all the energy to deploy sth. R. agitation. R. activity.

4. In one of the words below, a mistake was made in setting the stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel is highlighted INCORRECTLY. Write out this word.

Boyhood Xs Bleeding Began to Vulgarize

5. In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the mistake and write this word correctly.

The jury reached a guilty verdict in the case.

Experiments have shown that when lightning strikes soil containing silicates and ORGANIC carbon, a ball of silicon and silicon carbide fibers is formed.

“He was a very HIDDEN person who knew how to keep silent,” the writer's contemporaries recalled.

Inside the Soviets, instead of democracy, the dictatorship of the Bolsheviks was established.

I am ready to forgive even cruelty if I see compassion COMING from the one who speaks about it.

6. In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.

ERASE from the board / sing LOUDLY / 150 meters / two pairs of SOCKS / without uttering a word

7. Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and sentences in which they are made: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS