How is it accessible and interesting for a child to talk about what a volcano is? You can, of course, arm yourself with books with pictures of the volcano in the section and try to explain in words how magma is thrown out. Or you can make your own volcano at home. You will not only satisfy the curiosity of a young researcher, but also arouse interest in various sciences: geography, chemistry and geology.

Making a volcano at home is very easy. Simple products that can be found at home and simple cleaning products allow you to create beautiful effects. It is recommended to conduct similar experiments with children of six or seven years old: at this age they will be better able to understand the essence of the ongoing action. Although such a spectacular spectacle will be interesting to both the baby and the adult.

Purpose of the experiment- to form in children an elementary idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthe natural phenomenon "volcano", to clearly show the interaction of alkali with acid (neutralization reaction).

Tasks:

• explain how volcanoes work and what danger they pose;
• explain what an acid-base environment is;
• arouse the child's research interest;
• develop self-learning skills;
• teach children about the existence of an acid-base environment.

Materials and tools:

• flask or bottle;
• cardboard for the manufacture of "mountains";
• plasticine to shape the volcano;
• water;
• soda;
• lemon acid;
• food coloring or gouache orange or red;
• dishwashing liquid;
• a container for mixing ingredients and a spoon;
• stapler;
• Plastic container;
• small figurines (different types of animals, trees, stones).

Experience progress

1. Let's make a volcano.

First you need to find a suitable container. You can use both a flask and a small bottle of juice or yogurt. To give the bottle the look of a mountain, we make a blank from cardboard. Cut out a circle, make one cut along the radius. We fold the circle into a cone and firmly fix it with a stapler. Cut off the top of the cone.

We insert our container inside the figure - we get the skeleton of a volcano. With the help of plasticine, you need to give the volcano a shape: we coat the cardboard with plasticine, make a “crater”, masking the neck of the container.

We place the volcano blank in a plastic container (or in a basin). We create an entourage with the help of different types of animals (dinosaurs, animals), trees, stones. We pour stones to the foot of the volcano, arrange trees, arrange animals.

2. We prepare 2 solutions of "lava"

First solution: we collect 2/3 of water in a container, add food coloring (or gouache), a few drops of dishwashing detergent (so that there is a lot of foam) and 5 tablespoons of soda.

The second solution: we dilute citric acid (the recommended ratio is 5 tablespoons per 1.5 cups of water).

3. We launch the "eruption"

Thoroughly mix the mixture in the volcano container. Slowly pour the citric acid solution into the vent.

Watch the magic unfold as a dormant volcano wakes up and transforms into a fire-breathing mountain!

The result of the experience

Fiery red foam erupts from the mouth of the volcano.

Volcanic eruption (no dye)

scientific explanation

The volcano erupts as a result of the interaction of two substances - soda and citric acid. In chemistry, this process is called a neutralization reaction. Acid and alkali (soda) neutralize each other, releasing carbon dioxide. CO₂ foams the mixture poured into the crater and causes the mass to overflow over the edges of the crater. Dishwashing detergent makes the "lava" bubble up more. We recommend doing another experiment with a volcano, but with glowing lava.

Have you heard the joke that soda is a once in a lifetime product? So, this is a witticism for the lazy, because people who are in unison with the times have long been using such a miracle tool not only for cooking, but in treatment, for entertainment and teaching children chemistry and physics. Did not know? Then try a soda volcano for a start, not only children, but also all adult households will be delighted.

How to make a soda volcano

If you are ripe for experiments, then it's time to prepare supplies and work wonders.

Soda volcano - an interesting chemical experiment for kids

What is needed for the experiment

So, to conduct the experiment, you will certainly need soda, the volcano will work only with it, this is the basis of the experiment.

In addition to this component, stock up on the following:

• Vinegar or its acid (it is permissible to replace with citric acid, but then in the form of an aqueous solution).
• Plasticine (ordinary - children's will do). It can also be replaced with salt dough (but more on that later).
• Water (they say that carbonated enhances the reaction, which means the experiment will be brighter).
• Plastic bottle (1 or 1.5 liters) of any shape.
• A palette of colors (any dye, gouache, even the Easter version of the paint will do).
• Foil (it is allowed to replace paper, but thick - it is better to take cardboard).
• The adhesive tape is double-sided.
• Jars or glasses.
• Volcano stand (can be a tray or an unnecessary plastic bucket lid).
• Detergent.
• Rubber gloves for work.
• Rags and water in case of injury - burn "lava".

And, of course, it takes time and imagination, but such a childhood experience can become the highlight of the memory matrix program in adult life.

Recipes for experiments: TOP 3

Video Bonus: Another Volcano Variant

It is worth trying a few positively proven technologies, especially since such a toy will cost you mere pennies.

Cooking a salt dough volcano: step by step instructions

The "origin" of such a volcano - from the dough allows you to make it "erupt" repeatedly, when other recipes are suitable for only one show.

Step 1. Base. For this method, you will need an empty liter bottle from any drink. The only requirement: plastic. The container must be cut approximately in half. Then, using strips (foil or paper), strengthen the body of the volcano by wrapping. They say the foil keeps its shape better, which is a guarantee for reusable use.

Vinegar is the second most important component, without which the show will not take place.

Step 2. Fixing the structure. Attach the base to the tray or plastic lid with the wide side down using double-sided tape.

Step 3. Mountain slope. Our salt dough will act as such a natural component. Just stick the base on top of the foil, dividing the dough into several parts for convenience.

Step 4. Filling the volcano. Through the neck, alternately place inside the structure a tablespoon of sodium bicarbonate and detergent (the brand does not matter).

Step 5 Volcano Eruption Show. When you're ready for the spectacle, pour a glass of vinegar into the vent. The reaction, as well as the delight of the kids, will not be long in coming.

Is it possible to strengthen such an enchanting focus? Difficult, but still real. Just cover the structure with different colors, and the lava can be made in the shade that you or the crumbs like.

Worth paying attention! The dough can be completely replaced with plasticine. Suitable for used.

Divide the dough before sculpting the volcano into parts - it will be easier to form the base

Express method: colorful soda volcano

And how to make a volcano out of soda and vinegar, albeit one-time, but so that instantly, without special purchases and modeling? It's very simple! Although such a show only works once, you will see a mega-colorful and impressive volcano vent.

Take jars or glasses, different colors of paint, vinegar and soda - where without it, and let's start!

So, set the jars on the tray, you can start with one - for the purity of the experiment. Some attach them with double-sided tape, but this measure is only necessary if you plan to move your volcanoes around the house.

Place the jars at some distance from each other so that they do not touch.

Pour vinegar into the container - approximately in volume up to half the jar. Then add paint, gouache or other dye that you find around the house. And in the end, pour in a spoonful of soda, which will cause a neutralization reaction and, in fact, a volcanic eruption. Be prepared to run out of baking soda and vinegar in the house soon because kids love this technology because it's fast and fun.

Experienced parents say that the ideal container for a volcano is a jar of baby food, check it out!

Long live lava: combine baking soda and citric acid

And in the end - the third recipe, a kind of "golden mean", it will take more time than for express, but much less than for a reusable design. However, do not get tired of experimenting, the kids will appreciate it, you will see for yourself!

Again, jars or glasses will go into action, which, if desired, can also be attached to a tray or other surface with sides with adhesive tape at some distance from each other. But then the technology is different.

From soda and gouache, roll the balls at the rate of one per container. Of course, make them colorful, it will be more interesting! Choose bright colors.

Then fill the cups with water. Experienced experimenters say that the carbonated version will improve the reaction, but this is not a prerequisite. Dissolve citric acid in water (a couple of soup spoons for each container).

Then throw a ball into each cup and admire the colorful lava.

By the way, when different shades of volcanoes on a tray are further mixed into a kaleidoscope of colors, the next show called “rainbow” begins.

Whatever container you plan to bring the volcano to life, consider a lava stand

How it works

What causes a volcanic effect? What is the secret of such an experiment?

Ordinary chemistry: soda is an alkali, vinegar is an acid, which, when combined, give a violent reaction, decomposing already into carbon dioxide, salt and water. During this reaction, you will hear a hiss and notice abundant foam - why not a mini volcano ?!

By the way, if you want the "eruption" to be longer and more violent, increase the dose of sodium bicarbonate.

Didn't you succeed? There are usually 2 reasons for this:

1. You added sodium bicarbonate too slowly. To see what the failure was, just take 2 glasses of vinegar and pour baking soda into one gradually, and into the other in one fell swoop. You will see for yourself that in the second case, the "eruption" was more powerful and, therefore, more effective.
2. You mixed citric acid and sodium bicarbonate, while forgetting about water, then, alas, there will be no “eruption” at all, the “work” can immediately be written under the heading “dead volcanoes”. For these two components to react, it is necessary that at least one of them be in an aqueous solution.

Worth paying attention! If you want more foam when erupting, always drip a little liquid detergent into the solution (brand does not matter).

Add color to the experiment

Video: making colored volcanoes

Precautions when working with chemicals

The components for experiments, as you already understood, are the “inhabitants” of the kitchen familiar to us, familiar from an early age, meanwhile, this is not a reason to forget about safety precautions - so that the fun does not turn into an accident and children's tears. Soda lava, although not real, can also be hazardous to health.

So, the basic rules during the creation of volcanoes:

• Adults should instruct children that all experiments should take place with their participation (at least passively - if the child is ready to arrange an “eruption” himself, just see if he does everything as it should, correct if necessary).
• It is recommended to carry out experiments in rubber gloves, if possible, goggles.
• During the reaction, you should not come close to the vent, and also stand directly above it, otherwise it can turn into a burn, since the volcano sometimes gives out rather caustic and far-jumping spray.
• If, nevertheless, an injury occurs, immediately wash the affected area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin with plenty of water.
• At the end of the show, do not forget to wipe everything thoroughly so as not to damage the furniture, objects, and even the skin later, when you put your hands on the table at the meal.
• Do not dispose of used structures in the trash until all liquid has been drained into the sink. If you have used glasses/jars, wash them thoroughly.
• Always hide all the ingredients so that children are not tempted to repeat the experiment on their own.

Add color to the experiment
Sometimes the colored balloons for the volcano turn out so beautiful that it's a pity to dissolve them.

These simple rules will help you make the fun memorable in a positive way, and not in a negatively dramatic tone.

Baking soda is your ally to help entertain and educate kids by subtly introducing them to chemistry they can't get their hands on in school.

Helpful Hints

Children are always trying to find out something new every day and they always have a lot of questions.

They can explain some phenomena, or you can show how this or that thing, this or that phenomenon works.

In these experiments, children not only learn something new, but also learn create differentcrafts with which they can play further.

1. Experiments for children: lemon volcano

You will need:

2 lemons (for 1 volcano)

Baking soda

Food coloring or watercolors

Dishwashing liquid

Wooden stick or spoon (optional)

1. Cut off the bottom of the lemon so it can be placed on a flat surface.

2. On the reverse side, cut a piece of lemon as shown in the image.

* You can cut half a lemon and make an open volcano.

3. Take the second lemon, cut it in half and squeeze the juice out of it into a cup. This will be the backup lemon juice.

4. Place the first lemon (with the part cut out) on the tray and spoon "remember" the lemon inside to squeeze out some of the juice. It is important that the juice is inside the lemon.

5. Add food coloring or watercolor to the inside of the lemon, but do not stir.

6. Pour dishwashing liquid inside the lemon.

7. Add a full tablespoon of baking soda to the lemon. The reaction will start. With a stick or spoon, you can stir everything inside the lemon - the volcano will begin to foam.

8. To make the reaction last longer, you can gradually add more soda, dyes, soap and reserve lemon juice.

2. Home experiments for children: electric eels from chewing worms

You will need:

2 glasses

small capacity

4-6 chewable worms

3 tablespoons of baking soda

1/2 spoon of vinegar

1 cup water

Scissors, kitchen or clerical knife.

1. With scissors or a knife, cut lengthwise (just lengthwise - this will not be easy, but be patient) of each worm into 4 (or more) parts.

* The smaller the piece, the better.

* If scissors don't want to cut properly, try washing them with soap and water.

2. Mix water and baking soda in a glass.

3. Add pieces of worms to the solution of water and soda and stir.

4. Leave the worms in the solution for 10-15 minutes.

5. Using a fork, transfer the worm pieces to a small plate.

6. Pour half a spoon of vinegar into an empty glass and start putting worms in it one by one.

* The experiment can be repeated if the worms are washed with plain water. After a few attempts, your worms will begin to dissolve, and then you will have to cut a new batch.

3. Experiments and experiments: a rainbow on paper or how light is reflected on a flat surface

You will need:

bowl of water

Clear nail polish

Small pieces of black paper.

1. Add 1-2 drops of clear nail polish to a bowl of water. See how the varnish disperses through the water.

2. Quickly (after 10 seconds) dip a piece of black paper into the bowl. Take it out and let it dry on a paper towel.

3. After the paper has dried (it happens quickly) start turning the paper and look at the rainbow that is displayed on it.

* To better see the rainbow on paper, look at it under the sun's rays.

4. Experiments at home: a rain cloud in a jar

When small drops of water accumulate in a cloud, they become heavier and heavier. As a result, they will reach such a weight that they can no longer remain in the air and will begin to fall to the ground - this is how rain appears.

This phenomenon can be shown to children with simple materials.

You will need:

Shaving foam

Food coloring.

1. Fill the jar with water.

2. Apply shaving foam on top - it will be a cloud.

3. Let the child begin to drip food coloring onto the "cloud" until it starts to "rain" - drops of food coloring begin to fall to the bottom of the jar.

During the experiment, explain this phenomenon to the child.

You will need:

warm water

Sunflower oil

4 food coloring

1. Fill the jar 3/4 full with warm water.

2. Take a bowl and mix 3-4 tablespoons of oil and a few drops of food coloring in it. In this example, 1 drop of each of 4 dyes was used - red, yellow, blue and green.

3. Stir the dyes and oil with a fork.

4. Carefully pour the mixture into a jar of warm water.

5. Watch what happens - the food coloring will begin to slowly sink through the oil into the water, after which each drop will begin to disperse and mix with other drops.

* Food coloring dissolves in water, but not in oil, because. The density of oil is less than water (which is why it "floats" on water). A drop of dye is heavier than oil, so it will begin to sink until it reaches the water, where it begins to disperse and look like a small firework.

6. Interesting experiences: ina bowl in which colors merge

You will need:

- a printout of the wheel (or you can cut out your own wheel and draw all the colors of the rainbow on it)

Elastic band or thick thread

Glue stick

Scissors

A skewer or screwdriver (to make holes in the paper wheel).

1. Choose and print the two templates you want to use.

2. Take a piece of cardboard and use a glue stick to glue one template to the cardboard.

3. Cut out the glued circle from the cardboard.

4. Glue the second template to the back of the cardboard circle.

5. Use a skewer or screwdriver to make two holes in the circle.

6. Pass the thread through the holes and tie the ends into a knot.

Now you can spin your spinning top and watch how the colors merge on the circles.

7. Experiments for children at home: jellyfish in a jar

You will need:

Small transparent plastic bag

Transparent plastic bottle

Food coloring

Scissors.

1. Lay the plastic bag on a flat surface and smooth it out.

2. Cut off the bottom and handles of the bag.

3. Cut the bag lengthwise on the right and left so that you have two sheets of polyethylene. You will need one sheet.

4. Find the center of the plastic sheet and fold it like a ball to make a jellyfish head. Tie the thread around the "neck" of the jellyfish, but not too tight - you need to leave a small hole through which to pour water into the head of the jellyfish.

5. There is a head, now let's move on to the tentacles. Make cuts in the sheet - from the bottom to the head. You need about 8-10 tentacles.

6. Cut each tentacle into 3-4 smaller pieces.

7. Pour some water into the jellyfish's head, leaving room for air so the jellyfish can "float" in the bottle.

8. Fill the bottle with water and put your jellyfish in it.

9. Drop a couple of drops of blue or green food coloring.

* Close the lid tightly so that water does not spill out.

* Have the children turn the bottle over and watch the jellyfish swim in it.

8. Chemical experiments: magic crystals in a glass

You will need:

Glass cup or bowl

plastic bowl

1 cup Epsom salt (magnesium sulfate) - used in bath salts

1 cup hot water

Food coloring.

1. Pour Epsom salt into a bowl and add hot water. You can add a couple of drops of food coloring to the bowl.

2. Stir the contents of the bowl for 1-2 minutes. Most of the salt granules should dissolve.

3. Pour the solution into a glass or glass and place it in the freezer for 10-15 minutes. Don't worry, the solution isn't hot enough to crack the glass.

4. After freezing, move the solution to the main compartment of the refrigerator, preferably on the top shelf and leave overnight.

The growth of crystals will be noticeable only after a few hours, but it is better to wait out the night.

This is what the crystals look like the next day. Remember that crystals are very fragile. If you touch them, they are most likely to break or crumble immediately.

9. Experiments for children (video): soap cube

10. Chemical experiments for children (video): how to make a lava lamp with your own hands

You can watch a volcano erupt at home not only on TV. With the help of a small chemical experiment, you will arrange a real eruption on a fabulous island.

From this article you will learn

All that is needed

For the experience, you will need some household chemicals and decorative items to create an island. The volcano island can be made from natural materials or you can use dinosaur sensory box sets.

Model of the volcano is molded from plasticine. The creation of a fabulous volcanic island for the experience is the main part of it and serves to develop the child's imagination and creativity. Such activities will help instill a love of chemistry and geography. Fine motor skills of the fingers, the child will develop during the manufacture of plasticine terrain and its inhabitants.

To make an island you need:

• cardboard;
• stapler or narrow tape;
• box with colored plasticine;
• small animal toys;
• multi-colored pebbles;
• a large plastic box or bowl in which the island will stand;
• glass or plastic container with a volume of 200 ml for the vent of the volcano.

For the experiment you will need:

• soda 20 g;
• food coloring:
• vinegar 9%;
• dish detergent 25 ml;
• water 100 ml.

Usually the experience happens until mom runs out of all the baking soda and all the vinegar, so please be patient.

Children cannot conduct experiments on their own without adults. If vinegar gets into the eyes or mouth of a child, a burn of the mucous membranes may occur, and if swallowed, a burn of the esophagus.

Making a fabulous island

You can build an island in a large plastic container. Pour real water, lay out the bottom with round pebbles. Make a container for a volcano from a jar of baby food or an old glass. For the mountain, inside which the container will stand, you need to make a cardboard layout, his child will be happy to cover it with plasticine.

The sequence of making a volcanic mountain:

• cut out a circle of the desired diameter from thick cardboard;
• make an incision from the edge to the center of the circle;
• roll up the cone;
• the edges of the cone are fastened with a stapler or tape;
• cut off the upper part of the cone at a height equal to the capacity chosen for the volcano;
• place the container inside the cone.

From above, I coat the mountain with plasticine. To do this, roll out small brown plasticine cakes and stick to a paper cone, completely covering the cardboard. The top of the volcano can be made of red plasticine, which will imitate red-hot lava.

They set up a volcanic mountain on a dry island of pebbles. They sit around small rubber animals that are among children's toys. Colorful amazing dinosaurs or wolves, foxes, bunnies, bears and other inhabitants of the forest and jungle. Depending on which animals were planted, vegetation is selected for the island. Large tree ferns and horsetails for dinosaurs, and ordinary Christmas trees and birches for bunnies and foxes.

Plastic plants are also often sold in children's play sets. You can use a leaf of a live fern and twigs of plants if it's summer outside. Plants can also be molded from plasticine, made from threads and beads or ordinary cardboard.

You can make small houses out of cardboard for plastic Indians and soldiers. It is better to use cardboard for making plants and houses when the island is in a container with blue-colored sand instead of water or on a blue plasticine sea.

Conducting an experiment

Finally the island is ready. All toy animals and people froze in anticipation of an interesting event - a volcanic eruption. They know that the volcano is not real and therefore they are not afraid of it.

To conduct the experiment, pour a tablespoon of soda into the jar-vent of the volcano. Add a tablespoon of dish detergent. Red or orange food coloring is dissolved in 100 milligrams of water and poured into soda and detergent. The basis for the experiment is ready, it remains to add vinegar. Mom, you can let the child pour vinegar into the volcano on his own, under her supervision, so that he does not do it in her absence. It is better to repeat the experiment for an encore, pouring vinegar into the “vent” of the volcano and pouring soda into it, while the child is interested and asks to repeat the experiment.

When vinegar is added, the soda will begin to foam, erupting from the "vent of the volcano" like red or orange lava. The detergent will allow the “lava” to foam longer and more abundantly, overflowing from the vent and flooding the surroundings along with plants and animals that were inadvertently placed too close.

Afterword

The safest way to do a volcano experiment for young children is with baking soda and vinegar. It can be repeated many times, and getting the necessary materials for the experiment is not difficult.

The most interesting thing in the experience is the creation of your own fairy-tale island with the child, which can be used not only for the Volcano chemical experiment, but also for an exciting game.

With older children, you can conduct the Volcano experiment at home using
, potassium permanganate and glycerin. For the experiment, ammonium dichromate is poured into an evaporating bowl in the form of a slide, in the middle of which a depression is made. Add a little potassium permanganate and a few drops of glycerin to the recess.

After a few minutes, due to the interaction of potassium permanganate and glycerol, ammonium dichromate will ignite. Sparks will be thrown from the volcano in all directions, and a fountain of fire will begin to erupt. Before starting the experiment, the bowl must be placed on the foil so as not to burn the surface on which the experiment will take place.

Ammonium dichromate can simply be set on fire, and it will burn like a volcano, spewing sparks. The experience is exciting, but without the presence of adults, children should not be allowed to do it. Burns can be caused not only by sparks, but also by the chemicals used.

Good luck with your experiments!

Olga Happy Category: 6 comments

Chemical experiment volcano at home

Hello dear readers! It's no secret that all children love the mysterious, beautiful and magical. Probably, your children also like everything fabulous, interesting? Wouldn't you like to be a wizard for your baby? Surprise him with unusual phenomena, make an indelible impression?

I bring to your attention experiments at home, which we conduct with children. Today I will tell you about the experience of "Volcano" for children- this is an amazing, bewitching sight, the children are watching the volcanic eruption with interest, I recommend trying it. Your kid will definitely appreciate it!

In addition to this experiment, the kids and I conducted several more: an experiment with milk (you can see) and an experiment with water (see), which I think your child will also appreciate!

1. Cardboard
2. plasticine
3. Jar (I took from under the baby puree)
4. Plate or tray
5. stapler
6. Scissors
7. Dishwashing liquid 1 tbsp.
8. Soda 1 tbsp
9. Acetic acid
10. diluted paint

We make a blank for the Volcano experience

Experience at home Volcano

Now I will tell you in detail how to make the volcano experience. By the way, during the experiment, the children took an active part - they covered the paper cone with plasticine, poured soda into a jar, poured detergent, dyed the water with paints, after which the resulting colored solution was poured into a jar. The only thing I did myself was to cut out the cone, fasten it with a stapler and pour vinegar into the mouth of the volcano, after which the eruption began. So, we proceed directly to the experiment.