(1821 - 77/78), Russian poet.

From 1847 to 1866 he was editor and publisher of the journal Sovremennik, from 1868 he was editor (together with M.-E. Saltykov) of the journal Otechestvennye Zapiski.

In depicting the everyday life of the urban lower classes, peasant everyday life, women's lot, the world of childhood, the "muse of revenge and sorrow" of the poet is especially sensitive to injustice, to human pain. Poems: "Pedlars" (1861), "Frost, Red Nose" (1864), "Russian Women" (1871 - 72), "Who Lives Well in Russia" (1866 - 76) paint a diverse picture of modern Russian life, first of all peasantry, with its dreams of universal national happiness. Satire (poem "Contemporaries", 1875 - 76). Tragic motifs in the cycle of poems "Last Songs" (1877). Prose. Criticism.

Biography

Born on November 28 (October 10, NS) in the town of Nemirov, Podolsk province, in the family of a small estate nobleman. Childhood years were spent in the village of Greshnevo, in the family estate of his father, a man of a despotic character, who oppressed not only serfs, but also his family, which the future poet witnessed. F. Dostoevsky later wrote about Nekrasov: "It was a heart wounded at the very beginning of his life; and this wound that never healed was the beginning and source of all his passionate, suffering poetry for the rest of his life." The poet's mother, an educated woman, was his first teacher, she instilled in him a love for literature, for the Russian language,

In 1832 - 1837 Nekrasov studied at the Yaroslavl gymnasium. Then he began to write poetry.

In 1838, against the will of his father, the future poet went to St. Petersburg to enter the university. Unable to pass the entrance exams, he decided to become a volunteer and attended lectures at the Faculty of Philology for two years. Upon learning of this, his father deprived him of any material support. The disasters that befell Nekrasov were subsequently reflected in his poems and the unfinished novel The Life and Adventures of Tikhon Trostnikov.

Since 1841 he began to collaborate in the "Notes of the Fatherland".

In 1843 Nekrasov met with Belinsky, whose ideas resonated in his soul. Realistic poems appear, the first of which - "On the Road" (1845) - was highly appreciated by critics. Thanks to his sharp critical mind, poetic talent, deep knowledge of life and enterprise, Nekrasov became a skillful organizer of the literary business. He collected and published two almanacs: "Physiology of Petersburg" (1845), "Petersburg Collection" (1846), where essays, short stories, stories by Turgenev, Dostoevsky, Belinsky, Herzen, Dahl and others were published.

In 1847 - 1866 he was the publisher and actual editor of the Sovremennik magazine, which rallied the best literary forces of its time. The journal became an organ of the revolutionary democratic forces.

During these years, Nekrasov created lyrical poems dedicated to his common-law wife Panaeva, poems and cycles of poems about the urban poor ("On the street", "About the weather"), about the fate of the people ("Uncompressed strip", "Railway", etc.) , about peasant life ("Peasant Children", "Forgotten Village", "Orina, a Soldier's Mother", "Frost, Red Nose", etc.).

During the period of the public upsurge of the 1850s and 1860s and the peasant reform, he published "The Poet and the Citizen", ("The Song of Eremushka", "Reflections at the Front Door", the poem "Peddlers".

In 1862, after the events of 1861, when the leaders of the revolutionary democracy were arrested, Nekrasov visited his native places - Greshnev and Abakumtsevo, the result of which was the lyric poem "Knight for an Hour" (1862), which the poet himself singled out and loved. That year, Nekrasov acquired the Karabikha estate, not far from Yaroslavl, where he came every summer, spending time hunting and socializing with friends from the people.

After the closure of the Sovremennik magazine, Nekrasov acquired the right to publish Fatherland Notes, with which the last ten years of his life were associated. During these years, he worked on the poem "Who Lives Well in Russia" (1866-76), wrote poems about the Decembrists and their wives ("Grandfather", 1870; "Russian Women", 1871-72). In addition, he created a series of satirical works, the top of which was the poem "Contemporaries" (1875).

The late lyrics of Nekrasov are characterized by elegiac motifs: "Three Elegies" (1873), "Morning", "Despondency", "Elegy" (1874), associated with the loss of many friends, consciousness of loneliness, serious illness (cancer). But there are also such as "The Prophet" (1874), "To the Sowers" (1876). In 1877 - a cycle of poems "Last Songs".

Nekrasov, Nikolai Alekseevich
Personal life

S. L. Levitsky. Photo portrait of N. A. Nekrasov

The personal life of Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov was not always successful. In 1842, at a poetry evening, he met Avdotya Panaeva (ur. Bryanskaya), the wife of the writer Ivan Panaev.

Avdotya Panaeva, an attractive brunette, was considered one of the most beautiful women in St. Petersburg at that time. In addition, she was smart and was the hostess of a literary salon, which met in the house of her husband Ivan Panaev.

Her own literary talent attracted the young but already popular Chernyshevsky, Dobrolyubov, Turgenev, Belinsky to the circle in the Panaevs' house. Her husband, the writer Panaev, was characterized as a rake and a reveler.

Kraevsky House, which housed the editorial office of the journal "Domestic Notes",
and also was Nekrasov's apartment

Despite this, his wife was distinguished by decency, and Nekrasov had to make considerable efforts to attract the attention of this wonderful woman. Fyodor Dostoevsky was also in love with Avdotya, but he failed to achieve reciprocity.

At first, Panaeva also rejected the twenty-six-year-old Nekrasov, who was also in love with her, which is why he almost committed suicide.

Avdotya Yakovlevna Panaeva

During one of the trips of the Panaevs and Nekrasov to the Kazan province, Avdotya and Nikolai Alekseevich nevertheless confessed their feelings to each other. Upon their return, they began to live in a civil marriage in the Panaevs' apartment, and together with Avdotya's legal husband, Ivan Panaev.

Such an alliance lasted almost 16 years, until the death of Panaev. All this caused public condemnation - they said about Nekrasov that he lives in a strange house, loves a strange wife, and at the same time rolls up scenes of jealousy to his lawful husband.

Nekrasov and Panaev.
Caricature by N. A. Stepanov. "Illustrated Almanac"
censored. 1848

During this period, even many of his friends turned away from him. But, despite this, Nekrasov and Panaeva were happy. She even managed to get pregnant from him, and Nekrasov created one of his best poetic cycles - the so-called (they wrote and edited much of this cycle together).

The co-authorship of Nekrasov and Stanitsky (pseudonym Avdotya Yakovlevna) owns several novels that were very successful. Despite such a non-standard way of life, this trinity remained like-minded and comrades-in-arms in the revival and formation of the Sovremennik magazine.

In 1849, a boy was born to Avdotya Yakovlevna from Nekrasov, but he did not live long. At this time, Nikolai Alekseevich also fell ill. It is believed that strong fits of anger and mood swings are associated with the death of the child, which later led to a break in their relationship with Avdotya.

In 1862, Ivan Panaev died, and soon Avdotya Panaeva left Nekrasov. However, Nekrasov remembered her until the end of his life and, when drawing up his will, he mentioned her to Panaeva, this spectacular brunette, Nekrasov dedicated many of his fiery poems.

In May 1864, Nekrasov went on a trip abroad, which lasted about three months. He lived mainly in Paris with his companions - his sister Anna Alekseevna and the Frenchwoman Selina Lefresne (fr. Lefresne), whom he met back in St. Petersburg in 1863.

ON THE. Nekrasov during "The Last Songs"
(painting by Ivan Kramskoy, 1877-1878)

Selina was an ordinary actress of the French troupe, who performed at the Mikhailovsky Theater. She was distinguished by a lively disposition and an easy character. Selina spent the summer of 1866 in Karabikha. And in the spring of 1867, she went abroad, like last time, together with Nekrasov and his sister Anna. However, this time she never returned to Russia.

However, this did not interrupt their relationship - in 1869 they met in Paris and spent the whole of August by the sea in Dieppe. Nekrasov was very pleased with this trip, having also improved his health. During the rest, he felt happy, the reason for which was Selina, who was to his liking.

Selina Lefren

Although her attitude towards him was even and even a little dry. Returning, Nekrasov did not forget Selina for a long time and helped her. And in his dying will he appointed her ten and a half thousand rubles.

Later, Nekrasov met a village girl Fyokla Anisimovna Viktorova, simple and uneducated. She was 23 years old, he was already 48. The writer took her to theaters, concerts and exhibitions to fill in the gaps in education. Nikolai Alekseevich came up with her name - Zina.

So Fyokla Anisimovna began to be called Zinaida Nikolaevna. She memorized Nekrasov's poems and admired him. Soon they got married. However, Nekrasov still yearned for his former love - Avdotya Panaeva - and at the same time loved both Zinaida and the Frenchwoman Selina Lefren, with whom he had an affair abroad.

One of his most famous poetic works - "Three Elegies" - he dedicated only to Panaeva.

Mention should also be made of Nekrasov's passion for playing cards, which can be called the hereditary passion of the Nekrasov family, starting with Nikolai Nekrasov's great-grandfather, Yakov Ivanovich, an "innumerably rich" Ryazan landowner who quickly lost his wealth.

However, he got rich again quickly enough - at one time Yakov was a governor in Siberia. As a result of the passion for the game, his son Alexei got only the Ryazan estate. Having married, he received the village of Greshnevo as a dowry. But already his son, Sergei Alekseevich, having laid the Yaroslavl Greshnevo for a term, lost it too.

Alexey Sergeevich, when he told his son Nikolai, the future poet, a glorious pedigree, summarized:

“Our ancestors were rich. Your great-great-grandfather lost seven thousand souls, great-grandfather - two, grandfather (my father) - one, I - nothing, because there was nothing to lose, but I also like to play cards.

And only Nikolai Alekseevich was the first to change his fate. He also liked to play cards, but became the first - not to lose. At a time when his ancestors were losing, he alone won back and won back a lot.

The bill ran into hundreds of thousands. So, Adjutant General Alexander Vladimirovich Adlerberg, a well-known statesman, minister of the Imperial Court and personal friend of Emperor Alexander II, lost a very large sum to him.

And the Minister of Finance Alexander Ageevich Abaza lost more than a million francs to Nekrasov. Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov managed to return Greshnevo, where he spent his childhood and which was taken away for the debt of his grandfather.

Another hobby of Nekrasov, also passed on to him from his father, was hunting. Dog hunting, which was served by two dozen arriving, greyhounds, vyzhlyatnikov, hounds and stirrups, was the pride of Alexei Sergeevich.

The poet's father forgave his offspring long ago and, not without jubilation, followed his creative and financial successes. And the son until the death of his father (in 1862) came to see him in Greshnevo every year. Nekrasov devoted funny poems to canine hunting and even the poem of the same name “Dog Hunting”, which glorifies the prowess, scope, beauty of Russia and the Russian soul.

In adulthood, Nekrasov even became addicted to bear hunting ("It's fun to beat you, respectable bears ...").

Avdotya Panaeva recalled that when Nekrasov was going to hunt a bear, there were large fees - expensive wines, snacks and just provisions were brought. They even took a chef with them. In March 1865, Nekrasov managed to get three bears at once in a day. He appreciated the bear-catchers, dedicated poems to them - Savushka (“who rallied on the forty-first bear”) from “In the Village”, Savely from “Who Lives Well in Russia”.

The poet also liked to hunt game. His fondness for walking through the swamp with a gun was boundless. Sometimes he would go hunting at sunrise and not return until midnight. He also went hunting with the "first hunter of Russia" Ivan Turgenev, with whom they were friends and corresponded for a long time.

Nekrasov, in his last message to Turgenev abroad, even asked him to buy him a Lancaster gun in London or Paris for 500 rubles. However, their correspondence was destined to be interrupted in 1861. Turgenev did not answer the letter and did not buy a gun, and their long-term friendship was put an end to.

And the reason for this was not ideological or literary differences. Nekrasov's common-law wife, Avdotya Panaeva, got involved in a lawsuit over the inheritance of the ex-wife of the poet Nikolai Ogaryov. The court awarded Panaeva a claim for 50 thousand rubles. Nekrasov paid this amount, preserving the honor of Avdotya Yakovlevna, but thereby his own reputation was shaken.

Turgenev found out from Ogarev himself in London all the intricacies of the dark case, after which he broke off all relations with Nekrasov. Nekrasov, the publisher, broke up with some other old friends - L. N. Tolstoy, A. N. Ostrovsky. At this time, he switched to a new democratic wave emanating from the camp of Chernyshevsky - Dobrolyubov.

Zinaida Nikolaevna Nekrasova (1847-1914)
- wife of the Russian poet Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov

Fyokla Anisimovna, who became his late muse in 1870, named Zinaida Nikolaevna by Nekrasov in a noble way, also became addicted to her husband's hobby, to hunting. She even saddled a horse herself and went hunting with him in a rait-coat and tight-fitting trousers, with a Zimmerman on her head. All this delighted Nekrasov.

But once, while hunting in the Chudovsky swamp, Zinaida Nikolaevna accidentally shot Nekrasov's beloved dog, a black pointer named Kado. After that, Nekrasov, who devoted 43 years of his life to hunting, forever hung his gun on a nail.

Among the glorious galaxy of Russian classics, Nikolai Nekrasov occupies a worthy place. A brief biography of this poet, writer and publicist will be discussed below. How did N. enrich Russian poetry. Firstly, he introduced colloquial phrases, Russian folklore and proseisms into the lines of his poems. Folk phraseology greatly expanded the range of poetry. And secondly, the poet was the first to combine different genres within the boundaries of one poem - satirical, idyllic, lyrical.

Nekrasov. Brief biography of the poet: origin

He was from a once wealthy landowning family. However, due to the fatal addiction of its members to gambling, the writer's father, Alexei Sergeevich, had only a small estate of Greshnevo in the Yaroslavl province. The poet's mother, Elena Zakrevskaya, was the daughter of an official. Parents did not want to pass off their beautiful and well-educated daughter for a poor and famous reveler and gambler of an army officer. Then Elena and Alexey got married secretly. Subsequently, she repeatedly regretted it. Drunken orgies of her husband, impoverishment of the family due to card debts - these are the realities in which Elena lived, little Nikolai and 12 of his brothers and sisters.

Childhood

Much in consciousness is formed by the early years. Nikolay, whose development also reveals his development as a writer, was born in 1821 in Nemirov (now the Vinnitsa region of Ukraine). At the age of three, the boy moved to the Greshnevo family estate. There he was an unwitting witness to the arbitrariness of his father, the beating of arrears, the humiliated position of his mother. It was to her, who died early, that he would later dedicate a number of his works (“Mother”, “Last Songs”, “Knight for an Hour”). At the age of 11, Nikolai entered the gymnasium in Yaroslavl, where he studied mediocrely. But there he wrote his first poems.

Youth

His father predicted a military career for Nikolai, and in 1838 he sent him to a noble regiment in St. Petersburg. But there he met his classmate at the gymnasium, a student who carried him away with the desire to enter the university. Nekrasov failed the exams. Left without an angry father, he was forced to look for work. During these years, Nekrasov, whose brief biography would be incomplete without this episode, lived in extreme poverty. Sometimes he even spent the night in shelters for the homeless. The need not only introduced him to the world of the poor, but also tempered his character.

Talent Recognition

How, after all, did someone like Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov mature from an obscure beggar? Biography - a short story of past years - cannot convey the difficulties that the poet had to overcome on the way to recognition. The first collection of his youthful poems was considered unsuccessful by critics. Nekrasov made his living by writing vaudeville, composing fairy tales in verse for popular publications. Finally, he decided to try his hand at prose. Thus began to emerge his own realistic method. Even greater success awaited the writer in the field of editing in the journal Sovremennik. Turgenev and Tolstoy, Goncharov and Herzen, Saltykov-Shchedrin and Dostoevsky revealed their talent on the pages of this publication.

mature years

Since the 1850s, the writer began to have serious health problems. In addition, the aggravation of political repressions in the country and the split for ideological reasons among the editors and authors of Sovremennik led to the fact that the magazine was closed. However, Nekrasov and his friends continued to publish poetry and various critical materials in Whistle, which used to be an appendix to the main publication. These changes influenced the general style of Nekrasov's poetry. She changed, became accusatory, scourging.

ON THE. Nekrasov. Biography: a brief description of creativity

Until his death from cancer in 1877, the poet continued to create. He was most famous for such works as the poems “Who Lives Well in Russia”, “Russian Women”, “Frost, Red Nose”, “Railway”, the poem “Grandfather Mazai and Hares”. His work was dedicated to the Russian people, their suffering and great hopes.

Nikolay Alekseevich Nekrasov was born in the family of an officer on November 28 (December 10), 1821. Two years after the birth of his son, his father retired and settled on his estate in the village of Greshnevo. Childhood years left heavy memories in the soul of the poet. And this was primarily due to the despotic nature of his father, Alexei Sergeevich. For several years Nekrasov studied at the Yaroslavl gymnasium. In 1838, following the will of his father, he left for St. Petersburg to enter the Noble Regiment: the retired major wanted to see his son as an officer. But, once in St. Petersburg, Nekrasov violates his father's will and tries to enter the university. The punishment was very severe: the father refused his son financial assistance, and Nekrasov had to earn his own living. The difficulty lay in the fact that Nekrasov's preparation was not enough to enter the university. The dream of the future poet to become a student never came true.

Nekrasov became a literary day laborer: he wrote articles for newspapers and magazines, poems for the occasion, vaudeville for the theater, feuilletons - everything that was in great demand. It gave little money, obviously not enough to live on. Much later, in their memoirs, his contemporaries would draw a portrait of the young Nekrasov that they remembered, “shuddering in deep autumn in a light coat and unreliable boots, even in a straw hat from a push market.” The difficult years of his youth then affected the health of the writer. But the need to earn his own living turned out to be the strongest impulse to the writing field. Much later, in his autobiographical notes, he recalled the first years of his life in the capital in this way: “It’s incomprehensible to the mind how much I worked, I think I won’t exaggerate if I say that in a few years I completed up to two hundred printed sheets of journal work.” Nekrasov writes mostly prose: stories, stories, feuilletons. His dramatic experiments, primarily vaudeville, also belong to the same years.

The romantic soul of the young man, all his romantic impulses, echoed in a collection of poetry with the characteristic title "Dreams and Sounds". It came out in 1840, but did not bring the young author the expected fame. Belinsky wrote a negative review of it, and this was a verdict for the young author. “You see from his poems,” Belinsky argued, “that he has both a soul and a feeling, but at the same time you see that they remained in the author, and only abstract thoughts, commonplaces, correctness, smoothness passed into the verses. , and boredom. Nekrasov bought up most of the publication and destroyed it.

Two more years passed, and the poet and the critic met. During these two years, Nekrasov has changed. I.I. Panaev, the future co-editor of the Sovremennik magazine, believed that Belinsky was attracted to Nekrasov's "sharp, somewhat hardened mind." He fell in love with the poet "for the suffering that he experienced so early, seeking a piece of daily bread, and for that bold practical look beyond his years, which he took out of his hard-working and suffering life - and which Belinsky always envied painfully." Belinsky's influence was enormous. One of the poet's contemporaries, P.V. Annenkov wrote: “In 1843, I saw how Belinsky set to work on him, revealing to him the essence of his own nature and its strength, and how the poet dutifully listened to him, saying: “Belinsky makes me from a literary vagabond into a nobleman.”

But the point is not only in the writer's own searches, his own development. Beginning in 1843, Nekrasov also acted as a publisher, he played a very important role in uniting the writers of the Gogol school. Nekrasov initiated the publication of several almanacs, the most famous of which is "Physiology of Petersburg" (1844-1845), "almost the best of all the almanacs that have ever been published," according to Belinsky. In two parts of the almanac, four articles by Belinsky, an essay and a poem by Nekrasov, works by Grigorovich, Panaev, Grebenka, Dahl (Lugansky), and others were published. "(1846). Belinsky and Herzen, Turgenev, Dostoevsky, Odoevsky took part in the collection. Nekrasov placed a number of poems in it, including the immediately famous "On the Road".

The "unprecedented success" (to use Belinsky's words) of the publications undertaken by Nekrasov inspired the writer to implement a new idea - to publish a magazine. From 1847 to 1866, Nekrasov edited the Sovremennik magazine, whose importance in the history of Russian literature can hardly be overestimated. On its pages appeared the works of Herzen ("Who is to blame?", "The Thieving Magpie"), I. Goncharov ("Ordinary History"), stories from the series "Notes of a Hunter" by I. Turgenev, stories by L. Tolstoy, articles by Belinsky. Under the auspices of Sovremennik, the first collection of Tyutchev's poems is published, first as an appendix to the magazine, then as a separate publication. During these years, Nekrasov also acts as a prose writer, novelist, author of the novels "Three Countries of the World" and "Dead Lake" (written in collaboration with A.Ya. Panaeva), "The Thin Man", and a number of stories.

In 1856, Nekrasov's health deteriorated sharply, and he was forced to transfer the editing of the magazine to Chernyshevsky and go abroad. In the same year, the second collection of Nekrasov's poems was published, which had a tremendous success.

1860s belong to the most intense and intense years of creative and editorial activity of Nekrasov. New co-editors come to Sovremennik - M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, M.A. Antonovich and others. The journal is engaged in a fierce polemic with the reactionary and liberal Russky Vestnik and Otechestvennye Zapiski. During these years, Nekrasov wrote the poems "Pedlars" (1861), "Railway" (1864), "Frost, Red Nose" (1863), work began on the epic poem "Who Lives Well in Russia."

The ban on Sovremennik in 1866 forced Nekrasov to give up his editorial work for a while. But a year and a half later, he managed to negotiate with the owner of the Otechestvennye Zapiski magazine, A.A. Kraevsky about transferring the editorial board of this journal into his hands. During the years of editing Otechestvennye Zapiski, Nekrasov attracted talented critics and prose writers to the magazine. In the 70s. he creates the poems “Russian Women” (1871-1872), “Contemporaries” (1875), chapters from the poem “Who Lives Well in Russia” (“Last Child”, “Peasant Woman”, “Feast for the Whole World”).

In 1877, Nekrasov's last lifetime collection of poems was published. At the end of this year, Nekrasov died.

In his penetrating word about Nekrasov, Dostoevsky accurately and succinctly defined the pathos of his poetry: “It was a wounded heart, once for a lifetime, and this wound that did not close was the source of all his poetry, all this man’s passionate to torment love for everything that suffers from violence, from the cruelty of unbridled will that oppresses our Russian woman, our child in a Russian family, our commoner in his bitter, so often, share of him ... ”, - F.M. said about Nekrasov. Dostoevsky. These words, indeed, are a kind of key to understanding the artistic world of Nekrasov's poetry, to the sound of his most intimate themes - the theme of the fate of the people, the future of the people, the theme of the purpose of poetry and the role of the artist.

• Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov was born on October 10 (November 28), 1821 in Nemirov, Vinnitsa district, Podolsk province.
• Nekrasov's father, Alexei Sergeevich, was a small estate nobleman, an officer. After retiring, he settled in his family estate, in the village of Greshnev, Yaroslavl province (now the village of Nekrasovo). He had several souls of serfs, whom he treated quite harshly. His son watched this from an early age, and it is believed that this circumstance determined the formation of Nekrasov as a revolutionary poet.
• Nekrasov's mother, Alexandra Andreevna Zakrevskaya, became his first teacher. She was educated, and she also tried to instill in all her children (who were 14) a love for the Russian language and literature.
• The childhood years of Nikolai Nekrasov passed in Greshnev. At the age of 7, the future poet had already begun to compose poetry, and a few years later - satires.
• 1832 - 1837 - studying at the Yaroslavl gymnasium. Nekrasov studies averagely, periodically conflicting with his superiors because of his satirical poems.
• 1838 - Nekrasov, having not completed the training course at the gymnasium (he only reached the 5th grade), leaves for St. Petersburg to enter the noble regiment. My father dreamed that Nikolai Alekseevich became a military man. But in St. Petersburg, Nekrasov, against the will of his father, is trying to enter the university. The poet does not pass the entrance exams, and he has to decide on a volunteer at the Faculty of Philology.
• 1838 - 1840 - Nikolai Nekrasov volunteer student of the philological faculty of St. Petersburg University. Upon learning of this, the father deprives him of material support. According to Nekrasov's own recollections, he lived in poverty for about three years, surviving on small odd jobs. At the same time, the poet enters the literary and journalistic circles of St. Petersburg.
• In the same year (1838) the first publication of Nekrasov took place. The poem "Thought" is published in the magazine "Son of the Fatherland". Later, several poems appear in the Library for Reading, then in the Literary Supplements to the Russian Invalid.
• All the difficulties of the first years of life in St. Petersburg, Nikolai Alekseevich will describe later in the novel "The Life and Adventures of Tikhon Trostnikov." 1840 - with the first savings, Nekrasov decides to publish his first collection, which he does under the signature "N.N.", despite the fact that V.A. Zhukovsky dissuades him. The collection "Dreams and Sounds" is not successful. Upset Nekrasov destroys part of the circulation.
• 1841 - Nekrasov begins to collaborate in the Notes of the Fatherland.
• The same period - Nikolai Alekseevich earns a living by doing journalism. He edits the Russkaya Gazeta and maintains the headings “Chronicle of Petersburg Life”, “Petersburg Dachas and Surroundings” in it. Collaborates in "Notes of the Fatherland", "Russian invalid", theatrical "Pantheon". At the same time, under the pseudonym N.A. Perepelsky writes fairy tales, alphabets, vaudevilles, melodramatic plays. The latter are successfully staged on the stage of the Alexandria Theater in St. Petersburg.
• 1843 - Nekrasov meets Belinsky. He tries publishing and publishes the almanac "Articles in verse ...".
• 1845 - Nekrasov's first realistic poem "On the Road" was written. The poem received Belinsky's highest praise.
• The same year - Nekrasov publishes the almanac "Physiology of St. Petersburg".
• 1846 - Nikolai Alekseevich publishes the almanacs "Petersburg Collection" and "April First". All the poet's almanacs included works by Belinsky, Turgenev, Dostoevsky, Dahl, Herzen. In police denunciations, Nekrasov is called "the most desperate communist" for his depiction of the "low" life of St. Petersburg.
• 1847 - 1866 - Nekrasov is the editor of the Sovremennik magazine.
• 1847-1864 - Nekrasov is in a civil marriage with the writer Avdotya Yakovlevna Panaeva, who also collaborates in Sovremennik.
• The main themes of the poet's work during this period were lyrics (poems dedicated to Panaeva), poems about the urban poor, about peasant life, about the people.
• Mid-1850s - Nekrasov is treated for a sore throat in Italy.
• 1856 - another collection of Nekrasov's poems is a resounding success.
• 1862 - the poem "Knight for an Hour" was written. The work was the result of Nikolai Alekseevich's trip to his native places. The same year - Nekrasov acquires the Karabikha estate, located near Yaroslavl. Starting this year, the poet spends every summer in Karabikha.
• 1866 - after the peasant reform, the revolutionary-democratic magazine Sovremennik was banned by censorship.
• 1866 - 1876 - work on the poem "Who should live well in Russia."
• 1868 - Nekrasov acquires the right to publish "Notes of the Fatherland", which, together with M.E. Saltykov leads until his death.
• 1870 - the poem "Grandfather" was written.
• 1871 - 1872 - Nekrasov writes the poem "Russian Women".
• 1875 - the poem "Contemporaries" was written. At the beginning of the same year, the poet fell seriously ill. The then-famous surgeon Billroth came from Vienna to operate Nekrasov, but the operation did not produce results.
• 1877 - Nekrasov publishes a cycle of poems "Last Songs". December 27, 1877 (January 8, 1878) - Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov dies in St. Petersburg from cancer. He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.