Village. How much in this word is warm, dear, important for each individual person. Someone immediately remembers their barefoot childhood, someone imagines their grandmother’s stove and the most delicious pies in the world that she took out of it, but for someone it’s all life, smelling of freshly cut hay and water from a clean river flowing nearby.
Yes, in Russia a village is not just a settlement. This is the story of destinies, which are often covered by domestic cinema. This topic was especially popular in the Soviet period, although many films are still being released that describe village life with all its sorrows and joys, the measured passage of time and difficult housework. Villagers are often presented as simple, kind, but very naive people who, in the end, defeat the vices of modernity with their decency and honesty. But have you ever thought about how many settlements of this type are scattered across the expanses of our vast country? And which of them is the largest village in Russia?
The largest village in our country in terms of population, according to the latest data in 2016, was proclaimed the village of Novoe Devyatkino, in which 16,248 people live. It covers an area of 577 hectares and is the administrative center of the Novodevyatkinsky rural district, which is located in the Vsevolozhsk district of the Leningrad region.
The village got its name from the entrepreneur Devyatkin, the owner of a porcelain factory, which was located not far from the northern border of St. Petersburg and the modern borders of the village. Since the beginning of the 19th century, this territory has been inhabited by Ingrian Finns. Then the village bore the Finnish name Uusi Miina.
Since then, a lot has changed in the village: the number of its inhabitants has increased every year, residential houses, administrative buildings, various courtyards and grounds have been built. But here the church did not appear here before the founding of the Soviet Union, as, indeed, during its existence, since the local population professed Lutheranism without exception, which did not require visiting the church.
During collectivization, a collective farm was organized in Novy Devyatkino, which received the name "New Murtaya". Later, industrial enterprises appeared here, such as, for example, Turboatomgaz, which to this day provides the villagers with jobs. After that, high-rise buildings and high-rise buildings were erected in the settlement, which were settled by visitors who found work here.
And now the village is constantly growing: residential buildings are being built everywhere, tenders are being held for the construction of entire residential areas, shopping malls are being erected, and the entire infrastructure is under intensive development. Apartments here are designed for different segments of the population, so almost everyone can find something to their liking. It should be noted that soon Novy Devyatkino is planned to become part of the Kalininsky district of St. Petersburg, which, in addition to the city registration, will have an impact on a sharp rise in prices per square meter.
The educational institutions of the village include 3 kindergartens and only one secondary school, and health care institutions - one general polyclinic, which, if necessary, sends patients to medical centers in St. Petersburg.
The nature of New Devyatkino is its true wealth. All new buildings of the settlement are being built within walking distance from the forest, which became famous for the Kapralyev Creek, the Okhta River and a picturesque pond located within it. Kovgolovsky lakes also delight local residents with their close location.
As for transport links, buses and electric trains run from the village to the city, just 2 km away is the Devyatkino metro station, which you can walk to if you don’t want to take a taxi. But there are also disadvantages - traffic jams at the junction of the Ring Road and Toksovskoye Highway. However, this minus does not bring serious inconvenience to the local population.
What in Russia, with all the desire, it is impossible to complain about - the lack of beautiful settlements. In this regard, the space is limitless: here are historical monuments, and wonderful landscapes, and the utmost naturalness, and even modern architectural finds. Let's talk about ten most picturesque villages in Russia(we give in a conditional order, since we would not like to distribute them in places, making up the top 10).
Vyatskoe
It is unlikely that this village, invariably included in all lists and ratings, needs to be introduced; suffice it to point out the fact that there are ten museums in the settlement, a colossal number of pre-revolutionary buildings. Nature is also conducive to relaxation and study: Vyatka is “framed” by rivers and valleys on all sides. This is an ideal option for those travelers who do not like to give up comfort: there are three hotels, a restaurant, and a cinema.
Kinerma
Getting here is not easy: the village is located in Karelia. Structure - seventeen structures, ten of which are architectural monuments. In the center you can see the cemetery of Catherine's time; there is also a restored chapel. There is a smoke sauna, a well, a barn; not without a small and already quite modern hotel.
space lake
The wonderful location near the lake, which is distinguished by its peculiar shape (similar to a river one), determines the popularity of the settlement. Hayfields, ancient huts, courtyards and, of course, the bewitching tented Assumption Church (built in 1720) - that's what will appear before the eyes of those who have arrived in the village.
Staraya Ladoga
Speaking about the oldest villages in Russia, it is impossible to omit the old Ladoga - a settlement whose history began more than a thousand years ago. Although not many people live here today, once the path “from the Varangians to the Greeks” began in this place (it was one of the largest settlements in Ancient Russia).
Yasnaya Polyana
A trip to Yasnaya Polyana is recommended not only for those who are not indifferent to the classics of critical realism and connoisseurs of Leo Tolstoy's novels, but also for everyone who appreciates the combination of natural naturalness and architectural elegance. Being discreet, the village strikes the imagination precisely with its conciseness. Among the attractions: the writer's house, the remains of the greenhouse, the Middle Pond, the park.
Nikolo-Lenivets
Initially, the settlement did not stand out in any way: it seemed that Nikolo-Lenivets was another of the villages of Russia gradually falling into disrepair. However, thanks to the efforts of Vasily Shchetinin, a well-known enthusiastic architect, who appeared here, it turned into a real creative gallery of folk art. The most amazing thing is that absolutely everything here is made by hand.
Tarbagatai
There are many wonderful villages in Buryatia (among the famous ones: Desyatnikovo, Bolshoi Kunaley, Atsagat); the most famous of them is Varbagatai, which is located fifty-two kilometers from Ulan-Ude. Founded in the 18th century, the settlement at one time served as a home for the Old Believers; Until now, here you can see the buildings erected by them, which are distinguished by their colorful coloring, wonderful fences and unusual shutters.
Chamerevo
The village boasts a rich history: the family of the writer Griboedov (and Alexander Sergeevich himself in childhood) once lived here, and Ivan the Terrible came here. Also in the village is the holy spring of Alexander Nevsky. Panoramic landscapes around and the well-groomed village itself make this place one of the most interesting for Russian travelers.
Vorzogory
The village is located right on the shores of the White Sea and dates back to the 16th century. It was already known then: wooden ships were built here for the monks of the Solovetsky Monastery. In the village itself, you can see the wooden temple of Zosima and Savvaty of Solovetsky (erected in the middle of the 19th century) and the “wooden tee”, consisting of the St. Nicholas Church (17th century), the Vvedenskaya Church (end of the 18th century) and the bell tower (18th century) .
Oshevensky Pogost
You should not be afraid of the name: the village of Pogost, which is also called Oshevensky Pogost, has been a wonderful place and one of the most beautiful villages in Russia for several centuries. Here is the monastery of St. Alexander Oshevensky, the Church of the Epiphany (18th century), the bell tower, Popov's house-yard.
There are seven villages with the name Khrenovo in Russia! This one is in the Ivanovo region. Photo: Andrey KARA
Stupid, Suchkino, Bukhalovo, Lokhovo, Khrenovo... Among the 170 thousand settlements of the country, we have chosen those that cannot be passed by without emotions
Of course, the Russian people have no problems with fantasy. But with the names of most settlements, apparently, they didn’t bother much. As a result, we have: approximately 44% of the names are repetitive. A third of them are named by name (Ivanovka, Mikhailovo, Aleksandrovka ...), and a quarter - by nature (Sosnovka, Berezovka, Kalinovka ...). It is understandable: before, without “brainstorming” and creative agencies somehow managed. But among the 165,000 rural settlements, 1,300 urban-type settlements and 1,100 cities of Russia, there are real "pearls" of extraordinary folk thought! Crashing into the memory of names - about a thousand. Together with the regional editions of KP, we selected two hundred of the most, in our opinion, the most strange and funny of them.
Let's start with the Perm region. There is a Tupiza village here. We don't know why it is so...
A photo: Alexey ZHURAVLEV
Or here is the village of Suchkino. I wonder how the locals feel about this name.
A photo: Alexey ZHURAVLEV
And the village of Putino. Also available.
And here is the village of Khomyaki. “Seems like someone is eating too much!?” - I remembered from the fairy tale about Winnie the Pooh.
The village of Antibes is located in the Kemerovo region. And with her Drachenino and Uporovka.
The Tyumen region is also famous for its long list of funny names. There is Kokuy, Partizan, Expanse, Vagina, Half, Plump, Shortness of breath, Goldobino, Sour, Beautiful, Nevolino, Elbows, Bad, Kinder, Cotton wool, Politotdelsky, Shot.
The Chelyabinsk region, like Bashkiria, also has its own Paris. And Ferchanpenoise is available. And even the villages of Leipzig with Berlin.
There are such unusual villages in Udmurtia: Muki-Kaksi, Baldeyka, Podmoy, Kosolapovo, Karavai, Foals, Babino, Luke, Chur, Uzi. And the villages: Skates, Zabegalovo, Birch, Krasny Kustar, Bannoye, Roosters, Boar, Kozlovo, Sheep, Small Game and Big Game, Ubytdur, Grab, Vanya-Chumo, Adam.
But the most creative people, apparently, live in the Pskov region! The cities of Dno, Opochka, Pytalovo are lit there ... And the villages: Ulcers, Torchilovo, Babki, Badgers, Bolshoy Khochozh, Sos, Blagodat, New Opel, Lobok ...
Kozyulki, Washcloths, Kissing, Teeth, Crooked Hats, Lamons, Undersized ...
And also Zhizhitsa, Mokriks, Swellings, Buttocks, Redseat, Ale, Grandfather-Kabak, Bald-Flies, Zanogi, Quickly, Big Wands, New Life.
In the Sverdlovsk region, there are such cities: Nizhnie Sergi, Rezh, Novaya Lyalya (and the village of Staraya Lyalya - this is all Novolyalinsky urban district). And the villages - Upper Sinyachikha, Lower Sinyachikha, Laya, Red Adui.
In the Yaroslavl region - Gore-Mud, Pshenichishte, Zhupeevo, Bukhalovo.
In the Voronezh region there is Khrenishche.
In Kaluga - the village of Zhivotinki. The name is quite harmless and to the point: after all, a livestock farm is located here.
In the Lipetsk region there is a village Zasosnaya. In Vologda there are as many as two villages with the name End (and there are eight of them in Russia).
In Crimea, there is the city of Saki, from which the locals made the city of Psaki. Thus, they allegedly banned the entry of the famous American woman.
There are also quite a few unusual and funny names in the Trans-Baikal Territory. For example, in the Priargunsky district there is the village of Duroy. There is also the village of Klichka, which is named after a mining engineer. In the Sretensky district there is a village Bolshiye Boty. Not far from the regional capital there is a village Ulety. And in the Chernyshevsky district there is the village of Ukurei. In Khiloksky district - Khokhotuy.
And in the Murmansk region there is the village of Afrikanda. Under the snow, Afrikanda looks especially exotic.
In the Saratov region there is a village Lokh.
And in Omsk - Babezh, Big scourges, Big purrs, Lupus, Zagvazdino, Couch, Prishib. In Samara - the village of Koshki (this is the sister city of Myshkin, Yaroslavl Region). In Penza - Tatarskaya Pendelka, Chulpan, Bogdanikha, Bright Way, Frontier, GAI. In the Vladimir region, the following stand out: the village of Krasnaya Gorbatka, the village of Perebor, the village of Likhaya Pozhnya. In Bryansk - Mamai, Bibiki, Zaitsev Dvor, Crimea, Varna, Bald, New Scales, Ushcherpie, Gobiks, Badgers, Byakovo, Sluchok, Novy Svet, Merry, Hooks, Bobrik, Gnilyovo, Dried out, Lizogubovka, Spoons, Ugrevishche, Shiryaevka, Shapkino ... And in the Khabarovsk Territory there is the village of Kondon. In the Smolensk region - the village of Boduny. In Tambov - Bolshaya Rzhaksa.
In Mordovia, you can find settlements with the following names: Piksiasi, Chudinka, Red Warrior, Syryatino, Sialeevsky Maidan. In Chuvashia - the village of Bolshoe Murashkino, the village of Experienced, the village of Khachiki. In Mari El - the village of Surok.
In the Troitsky administrative district of Moscow there is the village of Babenki.
And in the Ryazan region there was once a village of Lost Paradise. Now no one lives there. This is a tract. It seems that a much more friendly atmosphere is in the local village of Good Bees.
In the Kostroma region there is a village Pyankovo.
BY THE WAY
5 interesting facts about the settlements of Russia
1) The settlement "Central estate of the state farm named after the 40th anniversary of the Great October Revolution" - the longest name of the settlement in the country. I wonder if it annoys the locals to have to pronounce or write this ho-hoo-long name somewhere in the documents?
2) Verkhnenovokutlumbetyevo and Starokozmodemyanovskoe - the longest continuous names of settlements. It seems that they have been there since childhood, and everyone is ready to work as an announcer on TV. After all, until you say where you are from ...
3) Names of two letters in Russia are 46 settlements. Of these, 11 - Yar. And there is, for example, Yb - in Komi there are as many as three villages with the same name. Remember this to stun your opponents when playing "city-village".
4) There are only two settlements in the country with the name Y. These are Yoshkar-Ola and Yosefovka (a village in the Smolensk region).
5) And the names of 27 settlements in Russia begin with the letter Y. Almost all of them are in Yakutia. These are, for example, Ytyk-Kyuel and Ylymakh. In general, there are cities in our country with absolutely all letters, excluding the soft and hard signs, of course.
And what funny names of settlements in Russia do you know? We are waiting for your comments!
According to the All-Russian Population Census, as of October 14, 2010, there were 1,287 urban-type settlements in Russia. Of these, 206 with a population of more than 10 thousand inhabitants. No. Urban-type settlement Region Population, thous. (2002) ... ... Wikipedia
Urban planning of the USSR and Russia Documentation Urban planning code Rules for land use and development General plan Planning project Surveying project GPZU ... Wikipedia
According to the All-Russian Population Census, as of October 9, 2002, there were 181 rural settlements in Russia with a population of more than 10,000 inhabitants. Among the largest rural settlements are 95 villages, 56 villages, 29 villages and 1 ... ... Wikipedia
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Urban-type settlement Chervonoe, Ukraine. Chervone Country UkraineUkraine ... Wikipedia
Coordinates: 55°42′ s. sh. 36°58′ E / 55.7° N sh. 36.966667° E etc. ... Wikipedia
The Russian village... For some it is a relic of the agrarian past, for others it is the keeper of the Russian soul. One way or another, on average, urbanization “eats up” three villages in the country every year.
What are the reasons for the extinction and degradation of the Russian village? How many villages are there in Russia today? And which of them are the most beautiful? You will find answers to all these questions in our article.
Unemployment, hopelessness, despondency...
It is with such unpleasant words that the modern Russian village is most often described. Broken asphalt, fragmentarily left over from prosperous Soviet times, abandoned farms, destroyed houses of culture, dirt, lack of lighting and central sewerage - this is typical for most of the villages and villages of today's Russia. Of course, there are pleasant exceptions. But they are catastrophically few.
Many villages in Russia, in view of the vast area of the latter, are literally cut off from any benefits of civilization. They can be located several hundred kilometers from the nearest city or regional center. In such villages, people, like a hundred or two hundred years ago, live by subsistence farming: they sow fields, raise livestock, fish, hunt and drink strong tea from real samovars.
A classic example of the "Russian hinterland" is the so-called Krasny Bereg. This is an area consisting of three villages, lost in the middle of the coniferous forests of the Vologda region. Their total population is 10 people. In fact, there are no roads to these settlements. In winter it can only be overcome by snowmobile, and in summer (after heavy rain) only by tractor. Water - from springs, light - from kerosene lamps, generator - one for three villages.
And how many similar villages are scattered across the expanses of vast Russia is hard to say.
Russian villages are dying out
According to Rosstat, in the first nine months of this year, the population of Russia decreased by 173,000 people. The villages of the northwest and the center of Russia are dying out faster than others. And in the Tver region, the pace is higher than the national average.
“The most alarming situation in terms of mortality today is observed in the Ivanovo, Tula, Novgorod, Tver and Pskov regions,” Deputy Prime Minister Tatyana Golikova named the five regions suffering from a demographic disaster.
The countryside is particularly affected. The government financially encourages the birth of a second and subsequent children, the same measures are provided for at the regional level. But bad roads and lack of work convince more than maternity capital.
“Only resettlement from the village to the city gave 20-30% of the salary. It was enough to move to the city. And if you improve the level of qualification, then the difference will be even higher,” says Salavat Abylkalikov, a demographer and researcher at the Higher School of Economics.
In the summer of 2018, experts counted 2,234 empty villages in the Tver region. This is more than in any other region of Russia. Statistics will be replenished, because there are many villages in which 1-2 people live.
Every fourth village in the Tver region is abandoned. Away from the main roads are crumbling houses. The farther from the highway "Russia", the more often such a picture occurs.
“The houses are empty. This one is empty, this one is empty, this one is empty. That one is empty, that one is empty, and that one is empty. Three houses on the street are residential. That is, a dying village. Well, let's move on,” says Sergey Krivchenkov, a resident of the Tver region.
Not only businesses and hospitals are closing, but also schools. Due to optimization, schoolchildren have to be transported to large villages and small towns. The villagers call life in the village hard.
“There were 800-900 people here. I graduated from high school in 1972. There were 200 of us - students in this school. But before my eyes, they all died.”
“We are used to it, but life, of course, is hard. Because little attention is paid to us. The roads are bad. The light turns off. Little attention is paid to us.”
The Tver region is in third place both in terms of mortality and population decline. Neighbors in all these ratings are the same old-developed "root" regions of Russia near Moscow and St. Petersburg.
“Therefore, the leaders are the millionaire cities. That's why all cities with millionaires want... or rather, all cities want to get the status of a millionaire or 500,000. If you have acquired this status, this is a different level of attention, a different level of funding,” says Salavat Abylkalikov, a demographer and researcher at the Higher School of Economics.
Whether it is necessary and whether it is possible to stop this process?
Alexander Merzlov: In our opinion, of course, this must be done. But, unfortunately, modern agrarian policy is not conducive to this. Since the rate of depopulation continues to be very high, let's say there is a program for the sustainable development of rural areas. But it mainly affects those rural settlements that are located next to large objects of the agro-industrial complex. The majority of rural areas are not covered by this program, and the rate of disappearance of villages and their depopulation continues to be very high.
That is, in fact, this is an inevitable process?
Alexander Merzlov A: No, it depends on the type of agricultural policy. If agrarian policy is oriented towards large agricultural holdings, if its interests are not the interests of the rural community, but the interests of large agricultural business, then, of course, this is actually the American model, everything will remain as it is. Our agriculture is developing, milk yields are growing, productivity is also growing, but at the same time, the state of the social sphere continues to deteriorate. It can be said that business continues to be concentrated in rural areas.
There are countries with more socially oriented models, for example, France, where more emphasis is placed on supporting small forms of management. And this leads to a greater variety of agricultural products, and to a better care of rural landscapes, and has a very large indirect effect in the form of attractive jobs in various fields. Our country is large enough, and in order to be engaged in the agro-industrial complex, thank God, we have vast expanses where you can do it - I don’t want to, I mean large-scale farming.
But, in our opinion, in residential areas where people live, in areas with increased recreational and cultural potentials, it is necessary to develop small-scale farms that will be focused on quality food, varied food, and the development of recreational and tourist potentials. And so we can implement these models.
List of abandoned villages in Russia
Bezenchuksky
Zolotovsky
Grigorievka
Shirokopolie
Victory
Bolshechernihiv
Khasyanovo
Borsky
14th km
Bazhenovka
Elkhovsky
Resurrection
Petropavlovka
Zabotskoye
Sosnovka
Berezovka
Isaklinsky
New Bogolyubovka
Kinelsky
platform 1150th km
platform 1157th km
Klyavlinsky
Barkovo junction
junction Chistakovka
Dolgorukovo
Klyuchevka
Red Elkha
Upper Key
Koshkinsky
Bogodukhovka
Upper Ivanovka
New Zubovka
Grannovka
Krasnoarmeisky
Nesterovka
Pokhvistnevsky
Podbelshchyna
Sadovaya
Sergievsky
Elkhovka
Velyka Lozovka
queen
Mamykovo
round bush
Deep
Slingshot
Syzransky
Petrovka
junction 912 km
junction 950th km
Rizaday junction
Caves Coast
Priusinsk
Hemp
Yasnaya Polyana
Chelno-Vershinskiy
Krivozerikha
Pokrovka
Sheehan
viburnum bush
Upper Kondurcha
Shentalinsky district
Surusha
Balandaevo
Cheremshanka
Svetlaya Polyana
Light Key
Upper Khmelyovka
Motherland
Wolf
