French elementary school - what do children learn? "Good books to love." Educational material: books, school premises

Children go to kindergarten at the age of three, where they spend three years in different groups: first in the younger group, then in the middle group, and then in the older group. Classes in the French kindergarten begin at nine o'clock and end at half past five in the evening. Kids, as in Russia, perform various crafts, learn to handle glue and scissors, draw, paint and sculpt from clay, as well as sing and dance. In some kindergartens, children are taught the basics of working with a computer. In the younger and middle groups, after lunch, a quiet hour. In the older group, children learn to read and write.

Primary School (L'ecole Primaire)

At the age of six, children go to primary school. The first year of study at this school is called C.P. (from French - le cours preparatoire - preparatory course). At the end of this year, children should be able to read and write. After the preparatory class, there are 4 following: C.E.1 (cours elementaire 1 - elementary course 1), C.E.2 (cours elementaire 2 - elementary course 2), C.M.1 (cours moyen 1 - elementary course 1), C.M.1 (cours moyen 2 - elementary course 2). The school week is five days, but children do not study on Wednesdays and Sundays. However, now many schools are switching to a four-day school week: there are no classes on Wednesdays, Saturdays and Sundays. From Monday to Friday classes last from nine to sixteen-thirty, on Saturday - from nine o'clock to noon. Many children go to an after-school group, which in France is called la garderie. Unlike the Russian extended day group, the French group starts its work in the morning, before the start of classes, at 8 am and continues its work after class, until half past six in the evening.

College (Le College)

The first class of college is already the sixth year of study. Students enter college after elementary school at the age of 11 and spend 4 years there: in the sixth, fifth, fourth and third grade. Unlike the Russian system, where classes go up, French students move to a smaller class during their studies. In the sixth grade, the student must choose a foreign language for study: usually it is English, but it can also be German or Spanish. In the fourth grade, a second foreign language is chosen. Here the choice is wider: English, German, Spanish, Italian or Russian. From the sixth to the third grade, classes run all week except Saturday and Sunday. The lunch break lasts an hour and a half - from noon to half past one. Classes begin at eight o'clock and end at half past four, except Wednesdays, when classes end at noon. In addition to foreign languages, the college studies mathematics, French, history-geography (this is one subject in the French education system), chemistry, physics, natural science, there are classes in physical education and music, labor, fine arts, jurisprudence, and sometimes in Latin. During the week between classes, students have a few free hours during which they must stay at school and spend this time in a special classroom under the supervision of a teacher, doing homework. In addition to this work, French students do part of their homework in the evenings, after college. At the end of college, in the third grade, everyone takes an exam called le Brevet des colleges. The student leaves college at the age of fifteen and a half to sixteen.

Lyceum

After college, French students go to college, where their schooling ends. In the lyceum, education lasts three years - in the second, first and terminal (last) grade. Classes begin at eight o'clock and usually end at half past six in the evening. In the second grade, students study the same subjects as in college, with the exception of music, fine arts, law, and labor. Optionally, you can choose a third foreign language to study.
In the first grade, it is necessary to choose a general specialization: the direction of literature, the scientific direction, economic or the direction in the field of service and non-production sphere. You can choose a narrower direction: for example, medical, acting or hotel business. At the end of the first grade, students take an exam in French and the grades for this exam are added to the grades obtained by the student in the last terminal grade; all grades will be displayed in the final diploma at the end of the lyceum. At the end of their studies in the terminal class, students take a bac (le bac) - an exam in their chosen specialty. In the last class, philosophy is added to the available subjects. The average tank grade that students receive is 10 or more points out of 20.

University (L'Universite)

If a French student passes the tank on the first try, he enters the university at the age of 18. There are no entrance exams to French universities. Based on the results of the bak, you can choose a university and apply there. Usually, students do not have classes every day. There are weeks when students go to couples for no more than 3-4 days. The subject that is chosen by the student as the main one usually takes up most of the time in training. So, students studying English at the university study it for about 18 hours a week (it depends on the university). Almost all students who do not receive a scholarship work to pay for their education. Previously, there were 5 types of diplomas in the French education system: le D.E.U.G., le diplome d'etudes universitaires generales (it was received after 2 years of study at the university after receiving a tank), la License (3 years of study), la Maitrise (4 years of study), le D.E.A. (Diplome d'Etudes Approfondies) or le D.E.S.S. (Diplome d'Etudes Superieures Specialisees) after five years of study, and le Doctorat (8 years of study). Now in France there is a new European system and there are only three diplomas, they are called L.M.D. (in capital letters of the titles of diplomas): la Licence (3 years of study after the tank), le Master (5 years of study) and le Doctorat (8 years of study).

Target: to acquaint children with the location, culture, customs, the main attractions of France.

Tasks:

1. Educational:

to teach children to determine the water and land borders of the country, to navigate on the map;
introduce children to the traditions of France, sights.

2. Developing:

to involve students in an independent search for information on this topic;
to develop in children the ability to draw conclusions and prove their point of view.

3. Educational:

educate in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism.

Equipment:

large map of France, world map, plate "Travel Bureau Albatross";
pictures depicting products produced in that country;
photographs of the sights of France, the image of the flag and coat of arms of the country;
recording of the hymn and folk song “Dance of the little ducklings”, croissants;
in children: reports on the sights of France.

During the classes

1. Repetition of what was learned in the last lesson.

Teacher: Let us imagine that you are not ordinary boys and girls, but employees of the Albatross travel agency, and I am not your teacher, but a visitor to the travel agency. I want to visit one of the European countries. Help me choose which country to travel to, tell me about the countries you have already studied according to this plan: location, head of state, capital, attractions (plan on the board).

Pupils talk about Austria, Switzerland, Germany.

2. Message of the topic of the lesson.

Teacher: My dream is to visit France. They say that this is a wonderful country with a long history and a chic resort. Open the textbook. Before you is a map of France highlighted in lilac, I have the same on the board. Look at the map and tell which states this country borders on, what seas and straits it is washed by.

Students look at the map and answer.

3. Acquaintance with the location of France, its geographical position.

Teacher: So, let's take a trip, shall we? Let's see on the world map where our country is located, and where France is. The distance between our countries is 3000 km. Where can you travel?

Students: By plane, train, bus and car.

Teacher: Traveling by plane will take 3 and a half hours, by train less than two days with a transfer in Berlin, by bus three days. What will we choose?

Students: Airplane.

Teacher: Here is France. We can see from the air that most of France is green. Why?

Students: Because most of the country is occupied by lowlands with broad-leaved forests. And only in the south-east of France - the mountains of the Alps with alpine meadows.

Teacher: The highest peak of the Alps is Mont Blanc. The resort of Courchevel is located in the Alps. And what are these blue snakes that cross the entire territory of the country?

Students: These are rivers. Loire, Rhone, Seine and Garonne.

Teacher: The largest river in France is the Loire, the stormiest is the Rhone.

4. Acquaintance with the state structure of the country.

Teacher: Landing. What do we hear? This is the anthem of France (the anthem sounds, the children stand up). And this is the coat of arms and the flag of the country (posted on the board). The French greet us: "Bonjour, madam, monsieur!" And who is at the head of the state? What is the state language?

Students: The head is the president, the language is French.

5. Acquaintance with the industry and agriculture of the country.

Teacher: How rich is France? What do the great workers, the French, produce?

Students: In France, mechanical engineering, light industry, and the production of perfumery and cosmetics are developed.

Teacher: Agriculture is also developed in France: viticulture, horticulture, floriculture (pictures are posted on the board).

6. Acquaintance with the cultural traditions of the country.

Teacher: And when we talk about France, we celebrate the magnificent French fashion, French style, chic. The best fashion designers are French, the best fashion houses in France.

Coco Chanel, Yves Saint Laurent...

Fitness minute. The French love to dance and sing songs. Today we will get acquainted with the French folk song "Dance of the Little Ducklings". Children dance dance.

Teacher: The French respect their culture and history. They honor their heroes, such as Jeanne D, Arc, Charles de Gaulle. Everyone knows the French writers: Rabelais, Moliere, Beaumarchais, Mérimée, Exupery...

Famous artists: Claude Monet, Renoir, Picasso (on the board of reproductions of paintings).

What is the most famous city in France? What river is it on?

Students: Paris is located on the Seine. It's full of attractions

Teacher: Now our guides will tell us about some of the sights of Paris.

Pupils read reports about the Eiffel Tower, the Cathedral of Our Lady, the Louvre, Disneyland.

7. Acquaintance with education in France.

Teacher: The postman brought me a letter this morning. It's from France. Let's read.

We read a letter about a French school, written on behalf of a school student.

8. Generalization.

Teacher: It's time for us to return. What can we now tell the visitors of our travel agency about France?

Children tell according to the scheme.

Teacher: Here we are at home. But our acquaintance with this country is just beginning. And now I want to treat you to a French dish - croissants. A French song sounds, the children eat.

T. M. Demenkova, teacher of geography
Secondary School No. 14, Petropavlovsk

Tasks:

educational:

Educational:

Practical:

Working with a textbook, literature, maps, other sources of information

Lesson location: 1 (2), (first of two)

During the classes

1. Organizational moment

Introductory speech of the teacher:
Today we will get acquainted with a beautiful country - France. In the lesson you will learn a lot of interesting things about this wonderful state. Therefore, today we are holding a conference at which each creative group will present its topic.

The study of the country was carried out according to a pre-proposed plan

Coat of arms.
Flag.
Physical and geographical characteristics of the country
Administrative division
Economic assessment of natural conditions and resources
Characteristics of the country's resource base
Characteristics of the industry (by industry)
Characteristics of agriculture (by industry)
Landmarks of the country. Tourism

Symbols of France

On July 14, 1789, French citizens broke into the fortress of the Bastille prison in Paris to free political prisoners. This action was the beginning of the French Revolution, which marked the end of the monarchy and the beginning of the French Republic. Since then, the day of the capture of Brazil has been celebrated on a grand scale throughout the country and is one of the important symbols of France. "Freedom, equality, fraternity" (Slide).

This national motto is a well-known symbol of France and is written not only on the official French logo, but also on coins and souvenirs. This motto was first used during the days of the French Revolution and was officially enshrined by the third French Republic and entered into the Constitution in 1958.

France is one of the most symbolic countries on the planet. Numerous national symbols are associated with the French Revolution (18th century) by the French flag, vertical stripes have their own interpretation (Slide)

Coat of arms of France

The French Republic does not have an official coat of arms, as the coat of arms has always been associated with the monarchy. Since 2003, all public administrations have used the Marianne logo against the background of the French flag (Slide). Many other official documents (for example, on the cover of a passport) show the unofficial coat of arms of France. Adopted since 1999

Flag of France

(French drapeau tricolore or drapeau bleu-rouge, drapeau bleub- blanc-rouge, drapeau francais, less often le tricolore, in military jargon - les couleurs) - is the national emblem of France in accordance with the 2nd article of the French constitution of 1958. It consists of three vertical equal-sized stripes: blue - at the pole edge, white - in the middle, and red - at the free edge of the cloth. The ratio of the flag's width to its length is 2:3. Introduced into use May 20, 1794.

Origin of flowers

The blue banner has been used since the time of Clovis 1, the first Frankish king, and was associated with the color of the vestments of Saint Martin of Tours, the patron saint of France. According to legend, the saint shared his cloak (blue) with the beggar of Amiens, and Clovis, after the adoption of Christianity around 498, changed the white banner to blue in his honor.

White color between 1638 and 1830 was the color of the royal flag and some naval banners. From 1814 to 1830, it was also the color of the banners of the royal army. The white color symbolizes France and everything that is connected with the divine order, with God (hence the choice of this color as the main emblem of the kingdom - according to the official doctrine, the power of the king was of divine origin).

During the reign of Hugh Capet and his descendants, the kings of France had a red oriflamme in honor of St. Dionysius, since he was the legendary founder of the abbey, which since the time of Dagobert 1 was especially revered.

Size and colors

For a long time, the tricolor flag had uneven stripes, sometimes a red stripe at the hoist, sometimes a blue one. By decision of Napoleon Bonaparte, the flag took on a modern look: the three stripes should be of equal width, and the blue stripe should always be located near the flagpole.
The colors of the flag were determined and adopted under Giscard d'Estaing.

Marseillaise (audio)

This song became the official French national anthem in 1795. The Marseillaise was written by a captain in the Army of the Rhine, in Strasbourg in 1792. The song was originally intended to be used on the march from Marseille to Paris.

Full geographical description of the country

France is located in the west of Europe. This is the third largest country in Western Europe (Slide 12)
Area 547 thousand square meters. km. (647,843 sq. km. together with overseas regions)
France has the shape of a hexagon, so its second name is "Hexagon" - "Hexagon"
6 countries have borders with France: Belgium. Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy and Spain. France has overseas territories in the Americas, the West Indies, the Indian and Pacific Oceans, and Antarctica. (Slide 14, 15).
The English Channel separates France and Great Britain.
In the north of France it is washed by the North Sea and the English Channel, in the west by the Atlantic Ocean and in the south by the Mediterranean Sea.
France is a country of plains and mountains. (Slide 14, 16)
The plains stretch from north to west. The mountains are located in the south and east of the country.
The largest mountains: the Vosges (in the northeast), the Jura (in the east), the Alps (in the southeast, in the Alps is the highest peak of Western Europe, Mont Blanc), the Pyrenees (in the southwest) and the Massif Central (almost in the center countries). (Slide 14, p17)
There are many rivers in France. The largest rivers: Loire, Seine, Rhone, Garonne.
The Loire is the longest navigational river. (Clip). It originates in the Central Massif and flows into the Atlantic Ocean. The Loire is the most beautiful river on which there are numerous French castles. Castles of the Loire (Slide 14, 18)
The Garonne is the shortest river. It originates in the Pyrenees and flows into the Atlantic Ocean.
The Rhone is the fastest and deepest river. It flows into the Mediterranean Sea.
The Seine is the most famous river, because the capital of France, Paris, is located on it. The Seine (775 km, from Latin “calm”) is a flat river. The Seine is navigable and ensures the movement of goods between Paris and Rouen.
Big cities of France: Paris, (the capital of France), Lyon, Marseille, Le Havre, Bordeaux, Nantes, Toulouse, Strasbourg (Slide 19, 20)

France is a state in Western Europe

Administrative divisions: Before the French Revolution (1789–1794), France was divided into historical provinces, each with its own capital and Parliament (37 historical provinces). Now we will listen to a song about Gascony from the movie "Three Musketeers"
After the revolution, the provinces were replaced by departments (95 departments + a special territorial-administrative unit of Corsica), each department is divided into communes (more than 36 thousand)
Since 1972, the departments have been regrouped into 22 economic regions + 4 overseas regions.
French regions: Aquitaine, Brittany, Burgundy, Upper Normandy, Ile de France, Corsica, Languedoc - Roussillon, Limousin, Lorraine, Lower Normandy, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Auvergne, Picardy, Provence - Alps - Côte d'Azur, Poitou - Charente, Rhone - Alps, Loire Lands, Franche - Comte, Center, Champagne - Ardennes, Alsace, South - Pyrenees (Slide 10, 11)
Overseas regions: Guadeloupe, Martinique, Reunion, French Guiana.

4. Economic assessment of natural conditions and resources. (Speech by the representative of the country)

In France, two types of landscapes prevail: in the west and in the north with small elevations. Mountains prevail in the central part, in the south and southeast of the country: on the border with Spain and Andorra - the Pyrenees, with Italy and Switzerland - the Alps.

Characteristics of the main features of nature

France in the west and north is washed by the Atlantic Ocean, in the south - by the Mediterranean Sea. It borders with Spain, Belgium, Luxembourg and Germany, Italy and Switzerland.

Western and northern regions of France - plains (Paris basin and others) and low mountains; in the center and in the east - medium-altitude mountains (Central French Massif, Vosges, Jura). In the southwest - the Pyrenees, in the southeast - the Alps. The climate is maritime temperate, transitional to continental in the east, subtropical Mediterranean on the Mediterranean coast. Average January temperatures are 1-8 C, July 17 - 24 C; rainfall 600 - 1000 mm per year, in the mountains in some places 2000 mm or more.

Large rivers: Seine, Rhone, Loire, Garonne, in the east - part of the Rhine. Under the forest (mainly broad-leaved, in the south - evergreen forests - about 27% of the territory).

Most of northern France is occupied by a wide plain, bordered on the west by the rocky mountains of the Normandy Upland, and on the east by wooded hills.

The coast of the Atlantic Ocean in the south is low and sandy, with dunes, in the north it is rocky and steep.

Forests occupy 24% of the country's territory. Deciduous broad-leaved species predominate (oak, beech, hornbeam, chestnut, linden). Most of the rivers flowing towards the Mediterranean belong to the Rhone basin.

Characteristics of the country's resource base.

Dependence of the structure of the economy on resources

France is a highly developed country, one of the world leaders. In terms of economic development, it is in 4th place in the world. The country produces uranium, as well as coal, natural gas and a small amount of oil. About 77% of electricity is generated by nuclear power plants. The main manufacturing industries: aerospace, chemical, food, tire, perfumery, automotive, shipbuilding, non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy. The country produces iron ore (5th place in the world), coal, natural gas, uranium, bauxite, zinc, lead, tungsten, and gold.

country export. Import country

Exports: machinery and transport equipment, aircraft, chemical industry products, pharmaceutical industry products, steel and ferrous metallurgy products, wines. Imports: machinery and equipment, crude oil, vehicles, chemical products.

In France, wheat, oats, barley, rye, corn, rice, potatoes, vegetables and fruits are grown.

Main export articles: engineering products, scientific instruments and instruments, automobiles, foodstuffs, wines, tobacco products, clothing, perfumes.

Landmarks of the country

(slide show)

France is the undisputed world leader in international tourism. It annually receives over 5 million tourists. Main tourist centers: Paris with its museums, theaters and architectural masterpieces.

Nice is one of the most famous resorts with the largest beaches, an international tourism center with annual flower festivals and carnivals, as well as book festivals.

Caen is an international center for tourism and sailing and is famous for its annual film festival. Alpine resorts attract skiers.

... Everyone has their own associations with the word France, but everyone remembers Paris, the Eiffel Tower and the Champs Elysees, the Louvre and the Bastille, the Musketeers and Joan of Arc, Pierre Richard and Louis de Funes, Napoleon and Josephine, fashion boutiques and unique Chanel fragrances...
Natural, historical and cultural monuments are scattered throughout the provinces of France.

Architectural masterpieces of Paris, Louvre, Tuileries, Eiffel Tower. There are 1300 museums in the country. The largest of them are located in Paris: the Louvre, the Musée d'Orsay. (clip "Paris")

Customs and traditions of France

Describing the cultural "portrait" of France is a thankless task. The peoples of the entire European continent and North Africa mixed here. Moreover, the process of integration has been going on for several centuries. At the same time, the French ethnos itself has an amazing resistance to external influences, retaining its language, traditions and way of life.

The French education system is compulsory for children from 6 to 16 years old. The higher education system consists of universities, higher schools and institutes. There are more than 70 universities in the country. French high schools are prestigious educational institutions with a limited enrollment. Successful graduation guarantees good career prospects in any of the sectors of the economy.

... and all the Kuznetsk bridge and the eternal French! From there, fashions come to us and authors, and muses, destroyers of pockets and hearts ...

The attitude to clothing throughout France is quite calm. Despite the fact that the country is known for its fashion houses and design schools, the French people use practical and comfortable clothes in everyday life.

The names of Chanel, Dior, Yves Saint Laurent are associated with a turning point in the history of costume - the era of the emergence of Haute Couture, when fashion design is elevated to the rank of art and overgrown with many legends.

In 1928, the skirt barely covers the knees. Gabrielle Chanel brings English style into fashion. Tweed - the fabric of clothing of Scottish landowners - becomes the material for a Chanel-style suit that is still relevant today. Coco not only makes the sweater an indispensable part of one lady's wardrobe, but also suggests wearing luxurious jewelry to it.

Many items of modern wardrobe, which seem to us completely natural and as if always present, were invented by Coco Chanel: A shoulder bag, metal jewelry, chains. Turning historical events certainly have an impact on fashion.
Back in 1932, the head of the Parisian police forbade Marlene Dietrich to go out into the street in trousers, after she tried to walk in this form along the Seine. And during World War II, trousers became the usual clothing for women who replaced men at work in the rear.

The war was over, and society was expecting a new explosion of fashion. 1946 - the appearance of the first bikini swimsuits. In 1947, Christian Dior created a new style. In the book “I am a ladies' tailor,” he wrote: “We have left behind us the era of war, uniforms. Labor service for women with the broad shoulders of a boxer. I painted women reminiscent of flowers, gently bulging shoulders, a rounded chest line, liana-like slender waists and a wide, diverging from top to bottom, like a cup of a flower, skirt. Already in 1948, Dior's "new style" was adopted not only by all of Europe, but also by America.

In the 50s, along with the first line intended exclusively for young people, Dior creates several lines of clothing styling under "H", "X", "U", "A", etc. It goes without saying that the fashion of the 50s was not created by Dior alone. The 50s - the time of the highest heyday and glory of the Parisian "haute couture".

One of the thriving haute couture houses at the time was the House of Hubert de Givenchy. This perfect stylistic duo reflected the standard of 50s elegance.

In 1957, the fifty-two-year-old Christian Dior passed away. The following year, 21-year-old Yves Saint Laurent, as the chief fashion designer of the House of Dior, released his first sensational collection. In 1962 the House of Yves Saint Laurent was created.

The 60s-70s-80s-90s each decade offered new design finds, the style repeatedly changed (from neo-romantic to minimalist). The geography expanded. The Italians (Gucci, Valentino, Versace) and the Japanese (Kenzo Takada, Mitsuhiro Matsuda, Yohji Yamamoto, Rei Kawakubo, Issey Miyake) entered the stage.

Final word from the teacher:

Today we made our acquaintance with France. In the next lesson, we will continue to study the industry, agriculture, wind farms of this country.

Giving commentary ratings

Homework

Original taken from alanol09 in School in France. Peculiarities.

The educational process in France is divided into several cycles:
1. Ecole maternelle (similar to kindergarten) from 3 to 5 years old;
2. Ecole primaire (primary classes) from 6 to 10 years old;
3. College (college - middle classes) from 11 to 14 years old;
4. Lycée (lyceum - senior classes) from 15 to 17 years old.

The basic principles of the French education system were laid down at the end of the 19th century. Education in France is free and compulsory for all children from 6 to 17 years of age. So, when we moved from Russia and applied for a visa, one of the mandatory requirements was to show the child's enrollment in school if he was over 6 years old. The educational system is centralized, the state develops and approves all school programs, organizes examinations, approves vacation plans and school schedules. There are three types of schools in France: public (free schools), catholic (private schools that are partly subsidized by the state) and private schools. Catholic and private schools are paid, but the former are actively supported by the state, so education in them is several times cheaper than in ordinary private schools. So, if a month of education in a Catholic school costs 60-80 euros, then education in a private institution will cost about 10 times more.

The organization of the school week in France differs from the usual five-day period for us. For many years, Wednesday in French schools was a day off, like Saturday and Sunday, and the school day lasted from 8:30 to 16:30. On the one hand, such an organization of the educational process is very gentle for the child, but on the other hand, it is absolutely inhumane in relation to working parents who are forced to resort to the services of nannies or specialized centers to accommodate the child on this day off in the middle of the working week. But in 2014, France introduced a new mode of learning, according to which Wednesday became a school day. The study week now lasts 5 days, while the total number of study hours remains the same, lessons are held from 8.30 to 15.45 on Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays and Fridays, and on Wednesday - until lunch. It should be noted that Wednesday has become a compulsory school day only in public (public) schools. Catholic and private French schools still have a choice and often leave Wednesday as a public holiday.

For working families in France there is an extension system. The school opens from 7.30, and after the end of the school day, the child can be left at school until 18.30 - thus, working parents have time to take the child to school before the start of the working day and pick him up after. There is no need for nannies - convenient, right? After the end of the school day, the children pass under the responsibility of the employees of the city hall department, who work with the children, walk, draw or do homework, etc.

The school day in French schools seems to be long. But do not think that the life of a French schoolboy is so hard. Indeed, children in France spend most of the day at school. But, firstly, it is worth noting that the big break, during which the children have lunch, lasts 2 hours in French schools! The rest of the breaks are usually 30 minutes. And, secondly, written homework assignments are legally prohibited in France! Therefore, as a rule, evening preparations for the next school day take 15-20 minutes. Of course, not all teachers agree with studies conducted in France, according to which homework does not affect the assimilation of educational material in any way, and they are asked not only to repeat the studied material orally, read or learn a poem, but also written exercises. But these are rather recommendations, optional for implementation.

Another feature is the annual change of teachers and classes - parallel classes are mixed. They say that this is done so that there are no “groups” and favorites, and how one French mother answered me to my words “it’s a pity that teachers change, we like ours so much!” - “can you imagine if you didn’t like it - and so for several years?” - typical French logic!

Differences between the French school and the Russian

At first glance, it may seem that schools in all countries are the same. After all, the main significance of schools is teaching children, providing them with the necessary knowledge for successful development in life. And it is right. However, the ways of providing this knowledge and the organization of the educational process in schools in many countries are different. In this lesson we will look at the differences between Russian and French schools.

Let's start with the fact that in France, as well as in Russia, the academic year begins in September. However, in Russia the academic year always starts on September 1 and ends at the end of May. The school year in French schools always starts on the first Tuesday of September and ends in July.

French schoolchildren study in trimesters lasting about 3 months each: autumn (September-December), winter (January-March) and spring (April-June). At the end of each trimester, final grades are given in all subjects and there are short holidays. However, there are enough vacations in France even in the middle of trimesters: on the day of all saints, Christmas, "February", Easter ...!

The academic year of Russian schoolchildren is divided into four quarters. Between each quarter there are holidays (“summer”, “autumn”, “winter” and “spring”). At the end of each quarter, a quarter grade is given for all subjects studied, and at the end of each year, an annual grade. The longest holidays in Russia, of course, are summer holidays - three months! In France, summer holidays last a maximum of 2 months.

However, in France, a four-day school week has been introduced in schools for primary and secondary school students. French schoolchildren always have a rest in the middle of the week - on Wednesdays. In addition, in France, Saturday morning lessons, which are unpopular with French parents, have been cancelled. Although for French high school students, Saturday classes remained in force. In Russia, in most schools, a 6-day work week has been adopted with the only day off - on Sunday. Schoolchildren in Russia study every day and have 4-7 lessons lasting 40-45 minutes.

Classes in the French school are divided into two blocks of four lessons (from 8.00 to 12.00 and from 14.00 to 16.30) with the usual breaks. During a long two-hour break, you can go to have lunch at home or in the school cafeteria and take a walk and play. There is usually a bus stop near the school and everyone can easily manage to go home and not be late for lessons.

It is interesting that in the French school there is a "reverse numbering" of classes. Unlike the Russian system, where classes go up and for the first time students go to the first class, French students move to a smaller class during their studies. And in France, the penultimate class is called the first, and graduation, the twelfth in a row, is simply called the word “Terminale” (final). In Russia, graduation is 11th grade.

The French school has a 20-point grading system. The highest score is usually 18 points. The French are firmly convinced that only the Lord God can receive 20, and 19 - Mr. teacher. In Russian schools, the grading system is mainly five-point, although sometimes 10 points are also found. But basically, you can even say a four-point. After all, one, as an assessment in Russian schools, can be found very rarely. Grade 2 is unsatisfactory. Grade 5 shows excellent knowledge of the subject.

The next interesting fact is that in France classes are not denoted by letters, as we have, but by numbers.

For example, 4e 1.

The first digit denotes a parallel (“fourth” class), “e” is the French ending (like the Russian “oh” in the word seventh), the second digit just replaces our letters. Those. 4e 1, 4e 3, 4e 4 correspond to 7"A", 7"B", 7"G".

In the final grades, the guys choose a specialization. And a letter indicating the profile (scientific, philological, economic-social or technical) is added to the class number.

It turns out like 2e S (science) 1 - the second scientific class A (remember about the reverse numbering of classes: the second in France corresponds to our 10th class) or 2e L (lettre) 6 - the second philological class E.

By the way, in French schools it is almost impossible to study all the years with the same subject teachers and with the same classmates: classes are formed anew every year, and each academic year begins with a search for oneself in new class lists. On the one hand, shuffling classes is bad for friendship with classmates: this year you made friends, and the next you find yourself in different classes and the schedule for taking a walk does not match. On the other hand, it turns out that all peers at school know everyone and the general school environment is much more pleasant - there are no competitions and enmity between classes.

Repeaters in France are a common thing, no one points a finger at them. But even excellent students are not supposed to receive any diplomas or honors. It's just that every Frenchman learns from infancy that the only way to a normal, decent and prosperous life is an interesting, well-paid job. And in order to become a specialist, you need to get a higher education, without which in the modern world you can’t even get a job as a seller in a store. So, everyone builds their future at school. Which, as you have seen, is significantly different from the Russian school.

It is impossible to say in which country the organization of school education is better: after all, where there are many pluses, there are always significant minuses. The main thing in school is to study well and take all the knowledge that it gives in order to succeed in adulthood.

List of used literature:

French. A large reference book for schoolchildren and applicants to universities / E.V. Ageeva, L.M. Belyaeva, V.G. Vladimirova and others - M .: Bustard, 2005.-349, p.- (Large reference books for schoolchildren and university applicants.)
Le petit Larousse illustration/HER2000
E. M. Beregovskaya, M. Toussaint. Blue bird. The book for the teacher to the textbook of the French language for the 5th grade of educational institutions.
Gak, V.G. new French-Russian dictionary / V.G. Gak, K.A. Ganshina. - 10th ed., stereotype. –M.: Rus.yaz.-Media, 2005.- XVI, 1160, p.
E. M. Beregovskaya. Blue bird. French. Grade 5 Textbook for educational institutions.

Portal for the student. Self-training