OPTION #1
Level A tasks
A1. Human anatomy is the science that studies
1) the spiritual life of a person. 2) the structure of the human body and its organs.
3) the functions of the human body and its organs. 4) the origin of man.
A2. Man is the name
1) detachment. 2) families. 3) kind. 4) kind
A3. Atavism in man is
1) highly developed hairline. 2) tail.
3) multiple nipples. 4) all of the above are correct
A4. The representatives of the Mongoloid race have hair
1) curly. 2) straight, usually soft.
3) straight, usually rigid. 4) curly or wavy
Level B assignments
IN 1. Choose the correct statements.
1) Negroid people have dark skin color.
2) People of the Mongoloid race have thick lips and thick curly hair.
3) Caucasian people are characterized by fair skin and soft hair.
4) Races are divided into families.
5) Races - groups of people of different species.
6) Racial characteristics had an adaptive value.
^
IN 2.
SIGNS:
A) ear muscles
B) multi-nipple
B) hairline
D) coccygeal vertebrae
D) appendix
E) wisdom teeth
Sciences that study the human body. Human Origins
OPTION #2
Level A tasks(Choose one correct answer from the four given.)
A 1. Two circles of blood circulation opened
1) Aristotle 2) W. Harvey 3) A. Vesalius 4) R. Santi
A 2. A rudiment in humans is
1) tail. 2) multiple nipples. 3) ear muscles. 4) all of the above are correct
A 3. People of the modern type
1) Neanderthals. 2) Ramapithecus. 3) Cro-Magnons. 4) driopithecus
A 4. Refers to ancient people
1) Pithecanthropus. 2) Neanderthal. 3) synanthropus. 4) Cro-Magnon
Level B assignments
(Choose three correct answers from the six given.)
IN 1. Evidence that a person belongs to the type of chordates is the presence in the embryo
1) chords. 2) gill filaments. 3) body asymmetries.
4) neural tube. 5) intestines. 6) three-chambered heart
^
Match the contents of the first and second columns.
IN 2. Establish a correspondence between the signs and the groups to which they belong.
GROUPS: 1) rudiment 2) atavism
SIGNS:
A) ear muscles
B) multi-nipple
B) hairline
D) coccygeal vertebrae
D) appendix
E) wisdom teeth
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
^
Set the correct sequence of biological processes, phenomena, practical actions.
IN 3. Determine the systematic position of man as a biological species ,
placing the taxa in the correct order, starting with the phylum.
A) Man. B) a reasonable person. B) placentals. D) mammals. D) people. E) Vertebrates. G) Chordates. 3) Primates.
^ THE PLACE OF MAN IN THE SYSTEM OF THE ANIMAL WORLD
Level A tasks
A1. The belonging of a person to the class Mammals is evidenced by
1) upright posture
2) the presence of two circles of blood circulation
3) pulmonary breathing
4) hairline and live birth
^ A2. A person belongs to the order 1) Carnivores 2) Primates 3) Teeth 4) Marsupials
AZ. vestige of a man
1) appendix
2) tailing
3) multiple nipples
4) pronounced hair growth of the face and body
A4. Ancestral home of man
1) Australia 2) South America 3) Southwest Europe 4) East Africa
A5. Anatomical sign of a person associated with upright posture,
1) differentiated dental system
2) springy foot
3) poor development of the superciliary arches
4) chin protrusion
A6. Human evolution is characterized
1) the predominance of biological factors over social
2) the predominance of social factors over biological
3) the unity of action of biological and social facts
moat
4) independent action of biological and social factors
tori
A7. The common ancestor of great apes and humans is
1) Australopithecus 2) Pithecanthropus 3) Driopithecus 4) Ramapithecus
A8. Refers to modern man
1) Australopithecus 3) Cro-Magnon
2) driopithecus 4) Neanderthal
A9. Refers to the ancient people
1) Sinanthropus 3) Australopithecus
2) driopithecus 4) Neanderthal
A10. The biological factor of human evolution is
1) labor activity
2) isolation
3) hereditary variability
4) natural selection
A11.. Man's ancestor is
1) chimpanzee 3) orangutan
2) gorilla 4) none of the listed monkeys
A12. Man is different from all other animals
1) moving on two hind limbs
2) the presence of the first signal system
3) the presence of a second signal system
4) the presence of pelvic kidneys
Level B assignments
Choose three correct answers from the six given.
IN 1. Arboreal adaptations in ancestral primates and modern great apes
1) color volumetric vision
2) all limbs have five fingers
3) the presence of a placenta and feeding the cubs with milk
4) strong development of the motor parts of the brain
5) outer ear with a movable auricle
6) strong development of the shoulder girdle
IN 2. Human Distinctive Features (Compared to Great Apes)
1) chin protrusion on the lower jaw
2) foot with a strongly developed big toe, having arches
3) lack of spinal curves
4) relatively strong development of the brain skull
5) lack of cheek pouches
6) one pair of mammary glands
IN 3. Evidence from comparative embryology proving the animal origin of man
1) muscles of the auricles
2) appendix of the caecum
3) two-chamber heart in a two-week-old embryo
4) continuous hairline in the fetus
5) development from a zygote
Match the contents of the first and second columns.
AT 4. Establish a correspondence between the characteristics of a person and the systematic group for which they are characteristic.
SIGNS
A) sweat and sebaceous glands of the skin
B) neural tube on the dorsal side of the body
B) the heart is on the ventral side of the body
D) the presence of the collarbone
D) non-nuclear erythrocytes
E) expanded terminal phalanges of fingers with nails
SYSTEMATIC GROUP
1) signs indicating that a person belongs to the type Chordates
2) signs indicating that a person belongs to the class Mammals
3) signs indicating that a person belongs to the order Primates
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
AT 5. Establish a correspondence between the signs and the group to which they belong.
SIGNS
B) remnants of the nictitating membrane of the eye
C) extra pairs of mammary glands
D) appendix of the caecum
D) continuous hairline on the face
E) muscles of the auricle
1) vestigial organs
2) atavisms
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
AT 6. Establish a correspondence between the factors of the historical development of a person and the group to which they belong.
A) mutational variability
B) labor activity
B) natural selection
D) isolation
D) genetic drift
E) social lifestyle
1) biological factors
2) social factors
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
AT 7. Establish a correspondence between the signs and the races for which they are characteristic.
SIGNS OF RACE
A) epicanthus 1) Australo-Negroid
B) curly hair 2) mongoloid
C) a narrow section of the eyes 3) Caucasoid
D) a narrow, strongly protruding nose
D) wide cheekbones
E) thick lips
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
^ Set the correct sequence of biological processes, phenomena, practical actions.
AT 8. Set the sequence of stages of emergence and evolution
tions of man, starting with the most ancient.
A) Pithecanthropus D) Australopithecus
B) Cro-Magnon E) Neanderthal
B) driopithecus
AT 9. Determine the systematic position of a person as a bio
logical view, arranging the taxa in the required order
sequences, starting with the species.
A) people D) people
B) Primates E) Vertebrates
C) Homo sapiens G) Placental
D) Mammals 3) Chordates
^ The structure of the body
Level A tasks
Choose one correct answer from the four given.
A1. A part of the body that has a clear structure and performs certain functions is called
1) cage
2) organ system
3) body
A2. Protein-synthesizing organelles are
2) ribosomes
3) mitochondria
4) lysosomes
AZ. In the body of animals and humans, the main groups of tissues are
A4. Secretion-producing tissue refers to
1) connecting
2) epithelial
3) nervous
4) muscular
Level B assignments
Choose three correct answers from the six given.
IN 1. Connective tissues include
3) striated fabric
4) bone tissue
5) heart tissue
6) nervous tissue
IN 2. The epithelium happens
1) muscular
2) flat
3) smooth
4) flickering
5) striated
For the correct answer, when determining the correct sequence, 2 points are also given. 1 point is given if the sequence of the last two elements is incorrectly determined in the answer or they are absent when all previous elements are correctly determined.
B17. Establish the sequence of processes occurring during interphase and mitosis.
B18. Set the sequence of processes occurring during meiosis.
Part C
For task C, give a complete detailed answer.
The answer includes all the above elements, does not contain biological errors - 3 points; the answer includes 2 of the above elements and does not contain biological errors, OR the answer includes 3 of the above elements, but contains non-gross biological errors - 2 points; the answer contains 1 of the above elements and does not contain biological errors, OR the answer includes 2 of the above elements, but contains non-gross biological errors - 1 point.
C1. What are the two main types of cell division known in nature? What is characteristic of each type of division?
C2. What types of postembryonic development are known in nature? What are their characteristic features? Give examples.
C3. What periods is interphase divided into? What is characteristic of each period?
C4. What are the three periods in embryogenesis? What are the main processes occurring during these periods in the lancelet?
C5. What periods are distinguished in spermatogenesis. What is characteristic of each period?
C6. What periods are distinguished in ovogenesis. What is characteristic of each period?
C7.
1. During the interphase of the mitotic cycle, cell growth, DNA replication, and an increase in the number of organelles occur. Chromosomes become single chromatids. 2. During the prophase of mitosis, the nuclear envelope is destroyed, the centrioles move to different poles of the cell, the fission spindle threads form, and the chromosomes condense. 3. During the anaphase of mitosis, the chromosomes line up in the equatorial plane of the cell, and spindle fibers are attached to the centromeres. 4. In the metaphase of mitosis, the chromatids diverge to the poles of the cell and become independent chromosomes. 5. During telophase, in each daughter cell, the chromosomes unwind, nuclear membranes form, and the cytoplasm divides.
C8. Find errors in the given text. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which errors were made, correct them.
1. The haploid nucleus of a pollen grain is divided into two - vegetative and generative. 2. The generative nucleus in the pollen tube divides again, forming two sperm. 3. One sperm merges with the egg, a zygote is formed, from which the ovule is formed. 4. The second sperm merges with the central nucleus and forms a diploid endosperm - the seed's supply of nutrients. 5. The seed coat is formed from the walls of the ovary of the pistil.
C9. When and due to what does the recombination of genetic material occur during meiosis?
C10. During embryogenesis, three germ layers are formed - ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm. In the future, organs and organ systems are formed from them. What are the derivatives of the germ layers?
AT 4. Comparison of the features of the structure and functioning of organisms of different kingdoms
IN 2. Generalization and application of knowledge about the diversity of organisms and humans
IN 1. Generalization and application of knowledge about the cellular-organismal level of life organization
A32. Diversity of organisms
1. Which of the groups of bacteria photosynthesize like higher plants and algae with the release of molecular oxygen?
1) green and purple bacteria 2) cyanobacteria
3) ammonifying bacteria 4) sulfur bacteria
2. The shape of the leaves in coniferous plants contributes to ...
1) protection from being eaten by animals 2) better absorption of carbon dioxide
3) better release of phytoncides 4) moisture retention in winter
4. Mycorrhiza is a symbiosis...
1) fungus and green algae 2) fungus and bacteria
3) a fungus with a root of a higher plant 4) nodule bacteria with roots of legumes
5. Which of the groups of bacteria is the most ancient?
1) archaebacteria 2) eubacteria 3) cyanobacteria 4) arose simultaneously
What are the functions of the chloroplast?
1) carbohydrate synthesis
2) the use of sunlight energy for the synthesis of organic substances
3) fat synthesis
4) splitting of organic substances to water and carbon dioxide
5) synthesis of organic substances from inorganic
6) splitting of polymers to monomers
Which of the following taxa is used in the taxonomy of both plants and animals?
1) genus 2) family 3) order 4) class 5) department 6) type
1. Establish a correspondence between the plant organ and its type
2. Establish a correspondence between cap mushrooms and the groups to which they belong.
3. Establish a correspondence between features and plant tissues for which they are characteristic.
1. Set the sequence of stages of germination of a pea seed.
A) swelling of the seed B) intensive growth of the germinal stalk and kidney
C) the development of leaves capable of photosynthesis, the death of cotyledons
D) the transition of reserve nutrients into a soluble state
E) exit of cotyledons to the surface E) rupture of the seed coat
2. Establish the sequence of life cycle stages for representatives of the gymnosperms department.
A) formation of male cones B) fertilization C) pollination D) formation of a zygote E) formation of a pollen tube E) formation of microspores as a result of meiosis
summary of other presentations"chimeric organisms"- Variegated plants. Development of experimental methods. Variegation. transgenic organisms. Getting mice. Environmental factors. Chimeric and transgenic organisms. Diabetes. The study of chimeric animals. Chimera violets. Experiments. chimeric organisms. chimeric animals.
"Symbiosis"- Symbiosis. Ants. Algae. Practical value. Symbiosis of animals with microbes. The simplest unicellular animals. Symbiosis in the world of plants and animals. biochemical symbiosis. Symbiosis of autotrophs with heterotrophs. nitrogen-fixing symbiosis. Tight forms. Integration of the symbiotic complex. Algae cells. Green bodies. Myrmecodia. Lichen. Zoochlorella.
"Paleogene period"- Climate. Cenozoic era. Beginning of the Paleogene. Paleogene period. The climate was even tropical. Diatryma. Oligocene. Paleogene. Upper Eocene. Bony fish. Animal world. Fan-tailed toothless birds.
"Main Factors of Evolution"- Waves of life. Hardy-Weinberg law. Features of behavior. Periodic population fluctuations. Struggle for existence. Mechanism of evolutionary changes. Drift of genes. Types of mutations. factors of evolution. Non-directing factors of evolution. To get acquainted with the non-directing factors of evolution. One of the most important factors in evolution. What is isolation. Constant mutational variability. Studied factors. allele.
"Primates"- The classification of primates has undergone significant changes. Suborders and families Dry-nosed. Primates. The oldest primates, in all likelihood, settled from Asia. Origin and next of kin. Appearance. General characteristics. Classification. Suborders and families Wet-nosed (Strepsirrhini). Practical value. Scientific classification. One of the most progressive units.
"Unified State Examination in Biology and Chemistry"- Separate programs by sections. Translation. Collections of programs. USE subjects. Chemical element. Certificate of the results of the exam. Biology is the science of living nature. duration. Chemical programs. Unsatisfactory result. The main approaches in preparing students for the exam in biology and chemistry. Who needs biology and chemistry. Internet. Distance form of education for schoolchildren. Features of the exam. USE in chemistry and biology.
