At the suggestion of the Governor of the Vologda Region Vyacheslav Pozgalev and the Mayor of Cherepovets Mikhail Stavrovsky, as well as with the energetic assistance of the city community, on November 4, 2006, the Museum "I.A. Milyutin's House" was opened. It is located in a picturesque place on the banks of the Sheksna River. The rich decoration of the country house attracted the attention of very significant persons, showing the well-being of a small provincial town. The museum has an exposition dedicated to the life and work of I.A. Milyutin. The halls contain personal belongings, photographs, documents, books belonging to the Milyutin family.
Ivan Andreevich Milyutin was born in Cherepovets on April 8, 1829. An economist, industrialist, shipowner, merchant, statesman, brilliant publicist and mayor of Cherepovets, he worked tirelessly for the good of his native city until the end of his life. With his active participation in Cherepovets, construction was launched, educational institutions, banks and insurance companies, trading establishments and hotels were created. Trade and industrial relations of Cherepovets with many cities of Russia are developing. Milyutin was one of the experts in the development and then promotion of the new "City Regulations". Ivan Andreevich advocated the creation of a new transport system in the region. He achieved the passage of the Northern Railway through Cherepovets, thanks to which the city became an important communication and transport hub.
During the performance of the duties of the city head I.A. Milyutin, culture and education are flourishing in the city. The construction of new cathedrals begins, educational institutions are built, a museum of local lore is formed, a library is created, shops and bookstores are opened. Among the educational institutions, the most significant can be distinguished: the teacher's seminary, the real school, the Mariinsky Women's Gymnasium and others. In the educational institutions of Cherepovets, education was received not only by residents of the city, but also by residents of the entire region.
I.A. Milyutin was the author of many articles that were published not only in the provincial, but also in the central press, he was a talented publicist. He owns notes, articles, memoirs, including: “Questions of the day”, “Economic letters. Russia and Germany”, a large number of his polemical notes and memorandums were published in local and capital periodicals.
Now in Cherepovets at the burial place of I.A. Milyutin installed his bust. On the square, which is named after him, there is a monument to the mayor. Every year Milyutinsky fairs are held here, books are published that are dedicated to the life path and activities of I.A. Milyutin.
The museum holds creative meetings with writers and artists of the city, meetings, negotiations, literary evenings, business meetings, round tables, seminars, conferences. In the scientific field, the museum conducts its own research and closely cooperates with educational and scientific institutions of the city. The museum organizes and conducts celebrations related to merchant life, it is proposed to take photographs in historical interiors. Cherepovets of the late 19th and early 20th centuries is presented to visitors, here you can learn a lot about the way of life of the Cherepovets (an early name for the inhabitants of the city), learn about the economic situation of that time, etc.
Museum lessons are held in the museum "House of I.A. Milyutin". At these lessons, schoolchildren have the opportunity to get acquainted with the city and its population, everyday life and festive events of the past and the century before last. The atmosphere of the 19th century gives a special sound to each event.
The country house of the Cherepovets mayor I. A. Milyutin is a typical example of a new type of mansion of the late 19th - early 20th centuries, a clear evidence of the industrial and cultural upsurge of those years. The house is located on the banks of the Sheksna, west of the Resurrection Cathedral.
The country house was conceived by the owner as a front door, equipped and furnished in accordance with the best examples of metropolitan interiors.
Documents, photographs, books, things that belonged to the Milyutin family are presented in the halls of the museum. 
Ivan Andreevich Milyutin (1829 - 1907) served as mayor from 1961 to 1907. He acted as one of the experts in the development and implementation of the new City Regulations. He was awarded the title of honorary citizen, holder of four orders, merchant of the first guild, real state councilor.
In Cherepovets, a bust of I.A. Milyutin at the place of his burial. On November 4, 2005, on the birthday of Cherepovets, a bronze monument to Milyutin was opened. The height of the monument is 3 meters 20 centimeters - this is exactly twice as high as Milyutin's height during his lifetime. Sculptor: Andrey Kovalchuk.
We haven't walked for a long time. I got bored, and there is still a lot of material, and over time, the numbers of the rented houses are forgotten and incidents may turn out ... so we will take a walk (with Romanyuk and Sorokin in the company, of course) along Milyutinsky until I have forgotten everything.
At the end of the XVII - beginning of the XVIII century. the lane was called Kazenny, as there was a "state yard" - the place where the property of the Semenovsky regiment was stored. The current name of the lane was, as often happened in Moscow, by the name of its most notable resident Alexei Yakovlevich Milyutin, the stoker of Peter 1, who in 1714 started here "a silk, ribbon and lace factory with his own money and his artisans, his through the efforts of other factories." His manufactory was the oldest and largest in Moscow - by the end of the 18th century. It employed 350 workers. The houses of the Milyutins have been preserved - rebuilt, they stand under Nos. 14 and 16.
The house in the yard is one of Pushkin's places in Moscow.
1834 - 1837 relatives of A. S. Pushkin lived here - his aunt Elizaveta Lvovna with her husband Matvey Mikhailovich Sontsov (Solntsev) and two daughters - the poet's cousins.
He wrote to Natalya Nikolaevna on May 2, 1836, about visiting this house: "I was at Solntseva's. He is not here, he is in the village. She calls her father to her village for the summer. Kuzins squeak like ticks." In 1837, Sergei Lvovich Pushkin visited relatives, here he learned from the poet Baratynsky about the death of his son. E. A. Baratynsky recalled that he "like a madman for a long time did not want to believe" the terrible news. “There is only one thing left for me,” Sergey Lvovich told him then, “to pray God not to take away my memory, so that I do not forget him.”
This is another view of the Pushkin monument from the other side, from vl. eighteen.
House number 16 down the street is a monument to Moscow's theatrical past. In its basement (eight windows to the left of the courtyard entrance were closed ten years ago) in 1912, performances of The Bat, the first Moscow theater of miniatures, which grew out of skits of Moscow Art Theater artists, began. On the curtain, instead of a seagull, a bat was depicted:
Mouse, you are so cute, frisky,
Mouse, your poster
Small, motley,
Funny, sharp...
The creator of this theater, the artist Nikolai Baliev, was one of the first entertainers in Russia. Even this word - "entertainer" - was not known before his performances. The atmosphere of relaxation, easy conversation, communication with the audience - all this was the merit of Baliyev. Possessing an extraordinary taste, he managed to arrange things in such a way that many famous artists considered it an honor to perform on the stage of his theater. Contemporaries recalled that all of Moscow was invited to these acting "dinners of jokes", and Baliyev himself gained a reputation as "the greatest master of the smallest plays." The biography of this theater began with a small basement in Pertsov's house (on Prechistenskaya embankment). Here, after the performances, the actors and their guests gathered, joked, laughed, rested, performed in front of their comrades on a small stage. But Chaliapin and Sobinov did not sing, but ... demonstrated French wrestling, Stanislavsky showed tricks, and Kachalov danced the polka.
In 1912, the theater moved here to a semi-basement decorated for it from the Pertsovs' house on Prechistenskaya Embankment.
The theater building in Milyutinsky Lane is already much larger than the old one. Its walls were decorated with panels, in the corner of the auditorium one could see a fountain in the form of a tragic mask streaming tears, made by the famous sculptor N. A. Andreev. The theater was extremely popular in Moscow - its greenish card with the image of a bat and the words "The bat allows you to visit its basement" was the subject of secret desires of many, such celebrities as Chaliapin and Battistini, Sobinov and Kachalov, Savina and Varlamov performed here. The debut of the future famous singer Valeria Barsova took place here.
At the beginning of 1913, the newspapers announced: "Cabaret" Bat. Daily performances. Entrance fee 5 rubles. 10 kopecks. The repertoire included theatrical parodies, artistic miniatures. Chaliapin, Sobinov, Kachalov, Varlamov performed in the theater, Valery Barsova began her stage life. On January 21, 1914, the writer HG Wells visited the theater.
By the season of 1915, the theater moved into its third building, in the basement of a newly built house in Bolshoy Gnezdnikovsky Lane, 10.
In the basement of this house, a theatrical enterprise also settled - the so-called Massalitinovskaya school, led by the artists of the Art Theater N. O. Massalitinov, N. A. Podgorny and N. G. Aleksandrov. In the same place, memorable in the history of the Russian theater, on November 24, 1916, the 2nd Studio of the Art Theater was born with the play "The Green Ring".
A. K. Tarasova studied at this school. It was said that F. I. Chaliapin, who came to the school performance then, certainly wanted to be photographed with young Tarasova. The Studio of T. A. Savinskaya, where they gave lessons in gymnastics, plastics and dances, and the Society for Assistance to Stage Actors, headed by A. A. Bakhrushin, were located nearby. Here, on November 24, 1916, the Second Studio of the Art Theater was born with the play “Golden Ring” and played until the 1923/24 season, and in the 1924/25 season, this stage was occupied by the Scientific Ethnographic Theater.
Between these possessions and Myasnitskaya, Milyutin's silk, ribbon and braid factory was located.
Many of the old buildings of the Milyutinsky factory have survived to this day, but they are included in later additions and additions.
Plots 14-16. The property of the merchant and manufacturer Alexei Yakovlevich Milyutin, who built here in 1714 “a silk, ribbon and lace factory with his own money and his artisans”. Milyutin decided to independently study weaving and the economic side of this production. Having made a loom, he wove a piece of satin, which he showed to Peter I. The Tsar gave him the honorary title of “room stoker”. Milyutin got the opportunity to go into the chambers of the princesses and tsarina Praskovya Feodorovna and consult with them about the merits and demerits of the goods he produced. Peter I personally instructed him to make “a good velvet cover with a good braid”. At first, Milyutin started a factory in a wooden house, and then expanded his ownership, buying up neighboring plots, erected stone buildings.
This building opens up a vast property. The property of the Roman Catholic Church of St. apostles Peter and Paul.
They appeared in January 1839. Initially, this church was located in the Nemetskaya Sloboda, where it was built in 1705 with the permission of Peter I. Having suffered from a fire in 1812, it was put in order and existed there until 1839. With the permission of the Holy Synod in 1838, land was acquired in Milyutinsky Lane from N.V. Petrovo-Solovovo with an area of 1854 square meters. planted for 24 thousand rubles.
At the same time, the architect A. O. Gilardi completed the project of a new church. The building was built in the Gothic style with a dome in the middle.
There were six altars in the church, one of which was the altar of St. Emilia was built at the expense of the architect M. D. Bykovsky in memory of his wife Emilia.
In 1839, it was allowed to organize schools for the children of parishioners at the church. Church elder Agapit Elarov, Kazemir Ostashevsky, the famous “holy doctor” Fyodor Petrovich Gaaz and his friend professor of surgery Alexander Ivanovich Pol took part in their organization. F. P. Haas was the founder of a library for Christian reading. He died on August 16, 1853. Here, with a large gathering of people, he was buried and buried at the Vvedensky cemetery (section 10). At the church of St. Apostles Peter and Paul had several charitable institutions.
In 1904, a new brick building was built for the school, and in 1905, according to the project of the architect I.P. Zalessky, a building for the library was built with funds allocated by the liberal figure, Major General A.L. Shanyavsky.
In 1915, the Lithuanian Auxiliary Society worked at the church, headed by the famous poet Yu. K. Baltrushaitis.
You can read more about this property with clarification of the purpose of the buildings
Opposite on the corner with Sretensky per. is house number 13.
Corner building, built at the beginning of the 20th century according to the project of V. V. Sherwood. In 1914-1916 there was a bookstore "Bashmakov Brothers".
Ownership is also an exit to B. Lubyanka.
“Act Books” of the city of Moscow report that the property of the brigadier D.S. Poretsky was located here, which in 1764, with chambers along Sretensky Lane, passes to Colonel Vasily Ivanovich Tolstoy. His wife was Alexandra Ivanovna, nee Maikova (who was the sister of the famous writer Vasily Ivanovich Maikov). Their daughter Maria was married to Pavel Ivanovich Fonvizin, writer, director of Moscow University, brother of the great comedian Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin. At the end of the 1770s. ownership passes into the hands of merchants. In 1812, the buildings were preserved from the fire and in 1817 were registered with the merchant's wife Maria Nalchini, and then with the famous sculptor Santin Petrovich Campioni, who participated in the construction and decoration of the French Catholic Church of St. Louis in the 1827-1830s, and then in the decoration Kremlin Palace and other buildings in Moscow.
In the 1850-1870s. the property belongs to the family of the famous Moscow merchant Otto Ivanovich Levenshtein. His "Moscow shop", founded in 1846 on Nikolskaya street and transferred in 1852 to Kuznetsky most, 20, traded in a wide range of fashionable women's clothing. The owner of the house collected paintings by foreign artists, corresponded with them. With his assistance, many private art collections in Moscow were founded and replenished. Provided assistance to talented aspiring young artists. He took an active part in maintaining the boarding school for the deaf and dumb, founded by Arnoldi. After the death of Otto Levenshtein in 1863, his wife Margarita Agapitovna (née Elarova) owned the store until 1878, and the house until the mid-1890s. Their daughter Margarita Ottovna, in the marriage of Mamontova, having been widowed early, went to Paris and learned there to cut and sew linen and dresses. Returning to Moscow, she became the mistress of one of the most fashionable sewing workshops in the city and a trustee of a women's craft school. And her daughter Margarita Kirillovna (married - Morozova) was the mother of "Miki Morozov", depicted by the artist V. A. Serov. The house where the Levenshtein family lived is located in the center of the property and faces Sretensky Lane with its facade. Under the next owner - the Moscow Trade Construction Joint-Stock Company - in 1900 a new house was built according to the project of the architect V. V. Sherwood. This house was placed on the corner of Sretensky Lane, and along Milyutinsky Lane - under No. 13.
Next is a very interesting possession #15
15 (Bolshaya Lubyanka, 24). In 1884, a house was built according to the project of the architect B. V. Freidenberg. It housed: L. V. Petkovich's bookstore; the dispensary of the Benevolent Society of the Roman Catholic Confession; confectionery O. Fidler; in 1924 the Moscow Art Society was located.
In 1738, according to the Census Books, the property belonged to Prince M. A. Golitsyn, and then V. G. Chertkov. At the end of the 18th century, it passed into merchant hands. In the house in 1825-1826. Maria Petrosilius, the wife of the famous Moscow teacher I. D. Petrosilius, who taught the young A. S. Griboedov at the beginning of the century, kept the women's boarding school. the family of a famous merchant lives - the merchant widow Anna Catoire with her sons.
In the 1880-1900s. possession of a Riga citizen, the owner of the lithograph F.F. Sievers, from whom it passes to his relative - the famous architect Vl. Ivanovich Chagin. The house was rebuilt several times, but retained its "Gothic look". The premises of the first and basement floors have preserved box and sail vaults of the late 18th - early 19th centuries. The property opens onto 15 Milyutinsky Lane.
In 1907-1910. in possession was the electrotheater "Record".
It housed the Moscow City Society of Mutual Fire Insurance, headed in 1915 by K. I. Gutskov.
This is the corner of the building opposite property number 15 - house 20. It stands on the corner of Milyutinsky and Bobrov lanes. The property at the beginning of the 18th century belonged to Prince M.P. Cherkassky, then attached to the neighboring one - the steward G.P. Petrovo-Solovovo. Part of the property was sold at the beginning of 1839 for the construction of a Catholic church. Eight owners have changed on the remaining part. Before 1917, the Fetter and Ginkel Joint-Stock Company planned the construction of a six-story house designed by architect V. E. Dubovsky, the house was completed only in the 1920s according to a modified project by architect A. M. Kalmykov. In the years 1920-1930 there was a club "Red Woodworker", the architect K. S. Alabyan lived here; a memorial plaque erected in 1971 recalls that “from 1934 to 1946, an outstanding Soviet artist, academician Yevgeny Evgenyevich Lanceray lived and worked in this house.”
That’s it, I didn’t shoot houses in this alley anymore. There are two more houses on the left side.
This is where our walk ended.
Thanks for walking with me.
The mansion of D.A. Milyutin is located in the immediate vicinity of the Mikhailovsky Castle, on the territory of the former Third Summer Garden, cut down and turned into a parade ground after the transformation of the Mikhailovsky Castle into Engineering. One part of the façade overlooks Sadovaya Street, and the other part overlooks Klenovaya Alley. Despite the modesty of its facades, a very remarkable person lived in it. Minister of War, Count, Field Marshal Dmitry Alekseevich Milyutin is familiar to many in the course of national history.
The mansion of the Minister of War - a unique estate in the city center, in the quarter of the military engineering department, was created on the idea of the great reformer of the Russian army of the era of Emperor Alexander II, D. A. Milyutin. The two-story mansion, on the ground floor and with mezzanines (1872-1874, architects R. B. Bernhard, O. G. von Gippius, military engineer D. V. Pokotilov) has been well preserved to our time. Elegantly decorated front and private rooms of exquisite forms overlook the gardens of the Engineer's Castle and the Champ de Mars.
Until 1874, the ministers of war were housed in the former house of Lobanov-Rostovsky on St. Isaac's Square, and from July 1, 1824, the War Ministry began to rent 114 rooms in this house.
In 1828, Nicholas I completely bought the building to the treasury to house the Military Ministry. War ministers V. A. Dolgorukov (1852-1856) and N. O. Sykhozanet (l856-1861) worked there. But there were only service premises here, and there was no special building where the ministers could not only work, but also live with their families.
The decision to build a special mansion was made in 1872. The Minister of War, Field Marshal D.A. Milyutin, who was appointed to this post in 1861, was the customer for the construction.
Dmitry Alekseevich Milyutin is a highly educated person with great administrative abilities, a liberal by conviction, a consistent opponent of the military order that existed in the country and an active supporter of such transformations in the army, the objective meaning of which would help it adapt to new historical conditions. YES. Milyutin made a great contribution to strengthening the military ground forces and combat power of the Russian state.
Conducted under his leadership in the 1860-1870s. military reform, which went down in history under the name Milyutin, was the largest transformation of the entire military system of the country after the reforms of Peter I.
Dmitry Alekseevich had a large family, so the layout of the house was thought out in such a way as to give the owner the opportunity to combine service, the work of his office with public duties and home life.
The building was designed by a famous architect, Professor Rudolf Bogdanovich Bernhard. Military engineer D.V. also took part in the construction. Pokotilov, and in the creation of interior decoration - the architect O. G. Gippius.
The first floor of the house was intended for a small office of the minister. The living rooms of the D.A. family were also located here. Milyutin. On the second floor there were 16 ceremonial rooms, including the private apartments of the Minister of War. In the attic, which overlooked the courtyard, were the rooms of the valet and the butler.
In all living and working areas there were Dutch stoves, finished with tiles or fireplaces. The floor in the lobby and on the stairs was made of mosaics, in the rooms - parquet
At the end of the 19th century, in order to ensure the safety of the minister and his family members, the living rooms were moved to the second floor of the house.
The well-thought-out, unique for its time, layout of a comfortable house made it possible for the minister to combine service, the work of his office, with public duties and with the intimate life of a large family in the presence of visitors, numerous employees and servants. The staircase of the mansion is painted in the Pompeian style, the hall is decorated in the style of Louis XV, the ladies' living rooms are in the style of Louis XVI, etc. The historical interiors feature beautiful sets of artistic furniture and decorative decorations for the front and living rooms of the 1880-1900s.
This house of the Minister of War remained until the revolution of 1917. All the military ministers of the Russian Empire, who held this post after Count Dmitry Alekseevich Milyutin, lived and worked in it.
From 1917 to 1925, the mansion was occupied by the engineering department of the Petrograd Military District. During the Great Patriotic War, the building was badly damaged. Part of the unique elements of the interior decoration of the mansion was irretrievably lost, in particular, the ceiling of the main staircase and the roof of the courtyard services building were destroyed by a direct bomb hit. During the post-war reconstruction, the artistic painting of the walls of the main staircase and the fabric upholstery of the walls of the main halls of the second floor disappeared. But even what remains today gives an idea of the richness of decoration and the taste of architects.
Since 1925, the building has been used as a hotel for high-ranking military officials. The prosecutor's commission, which investigated the murder of S.M. Kirov in 1934, stopped here. After the reconstruction of the building, in 1999, here again is the hotel of the Military Council of the Leningrad Military District, which in 2009 was renamed the Mikhailovskaya Hotel. Since 2013, it has been the War Minister's Mansion Hotel.
Despite the fact that hotel rooms are equipped in the former premises of the Office of the Minister of War of the Russian Empire and the wing of the carriage house, the entire front area of the mansion is ready for cultural events for guests and residents of St. Petersburg.
Since September 2014, the Domino Producer Center has been offering you concerts of Russian romance, songs of officers' meetings and theatrical excursions that will take place in the living rooms of the front area of this magnificent 19th century mansion.
With the help of professional performers, you will immerse yourself in the atmosphere of the aristocratic salons of the historical mansions of St. Petersburg for some time.
Schedule of events for June 2017
1) "Sing, swallow, sing ..."
2) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"
3) "Romance of the Silver Age"- An evening of Russian romance with a tour of the Mansion.
4) "High Life in Mansions"
5) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"- sightseeing tour with a mini-concert of Russian romance.
6) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"- sightseeing tour with a mini-concert of Russian romance.
7) "Don't leave, stay with me..."
8) - theatrical tour,
9) "Cavalier guards, a century is short or One evening of the N-sky district"- From the history of officer meetings. Concert with a tour of the Mansion.
10) "Secular secrets of Imperial Petersburg"- theatrical tour
11) "Burn, burn, my star…"- An evening of Russian romance with a tour of the Mansion.
12) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"- sightseeing tour with a mini-concert of Russian romance.
13) “At dawn, don’t wake her up…”- Theatrical evening of Russian romance with a tour of the Mansion.
14) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"- sightseeing tour with a mini-concert of Russian romance.
15) "Sing, swallow, sing ..."- An evening of Russian romance with a tour of the Mansion.
16) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"- sightseeing tour with a mini-concert of Russian romance.
17) "Don't Leave Me Spring or Women's Romance Yesterday and Today"- An evening of Russian romance with a tour of the Mansion.
18) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"- sightseeing tour with a mini-concert of Russian romance.
June 18, 2017. Start 15.00
Schedule of events for August 2017
1) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"- sightseeing tour with a mini-concert of Russian romance.
2) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"- sightseeing tour with a mini-concert of Russian romance.
3) "Sing, swallow, sing ..."- An evening of Russian romance with a tour of the Mansion.
4) "Social events in Imperial Petersburg"- theatrical tour
5) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"- sightseeing tour with a mini-concert of Russian romance.
August 8, 2017. Start 19.00
Recommended age: from 7 years old 6+
Duration: 1 hour 30 minutes
6) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"- sightseeing tour with a mini-concert of Russian romance.
7) "Don't leave, stay with me..."- Romantic evening of Russian romance with a tour of the Mansion,
8) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"- sightseeing tour with a mini-concert of Russian romance.
9) "Burn, burn, my star…"- An evening of Russian romance with a tour of the Mansion.
10) "Social events in Imperial Petersburg"- theatrical tour
11) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"- sightseeing tour with a mini-concert of Russian romance.
12) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"- sightseeing tour with a mini-concert of Russian romance.
August 24, 2017. Start 19.00
Recommended age: from 7 years old 6+
Duration: 1 hour 30 minutes
13) "High Life in Mansions"- theatrical tour
14) "Romance of the Silver Age"- An evening of Russian romance with a tour of the Mansion.
15) "Mansion of Count Milyutin"- sightseeing tour with a mini-concert of Russian romance.
From June 8, 2015 surveys are held daily on weekdays tour of the mansion with a mini-concert "Mansion of Count Milyutin".
GENERAL INFORMATION
Dating: 19th century
View: architectural monument, historical monument.
Status: an object of cultural heritage of regional importance.
Document on state protection: Decision of the Executive Committee of the Vologda Regional Council of People's Deputies No. 586 dated November 19, 1987
Address: Russia, Vologda region, Cherepovets, pl. revolutions, 1.
Short description.
The country house of I.A. Milyutin is an interesting example of civil architecture of the second half of the 19th century. It reflects the features inherent in the mansions of the new type. The architectural solution of the house is eclectical: the first brick floor is made in the classical style, the second wooden one is in the pseudo-Russian one. The significance of the house as a historical monument is determined by its connection with the name of the outstanding public figure I.A. Milyutin.
Condition: good.
Modern usage: branch of the Cherepovets Museum Association - Museum "House of I.A. Milyutin.
STORY
It often happens that the history of certain places and cities is associated with the name of certain prominent personalities. This fully applies to Cherepovets and Ivan Andreevich Milyutin. If in the middle of the XIX century. Cherepovets was an ordinary provincial town, then by the end of Ivan Andreevich's activity as mayor, he turns into a significant educational, transport and industrial center, to which the epithets "port of five seas", "Russian Oxford", "Northern Athens" are used. The name of Milyutin in Cherepovets is inextricably linked with his house on Sovetsky Prospekt and the mansion on Revolution Square.
A two-story semi-stone house near the Resurrection Cathedral appeared in the mid-50s. 19th century For 50 years it was the country residence (summer house) of I.A. Milyutin. The house was built back in those days when Ivan Andreevich was acting burgomaster in the city magistrate. Subsequently, this house was visited not only by members of the owner's family and city officials, but also by high-ranking dignitaries.
Ivan Andreevich Milyutin was born in the city of Cherepovets, Novgorod province, into a bourgeois family on April 8 (20), 1829. The family earned their living by driving and selling livestock. It is known that Ivan Milyutin and his brother Vasily lost their father and mother early. Having received practically no education, Ivan Andreevich achieved a lot with his mind. Starting with the sale of livestock and bread, he and his brother Vasily purchased the steamship "Courageous", opened the first passenger line Rybinsk-Cherepovets-Chaika, and in the 1870s. already owned 40 towing steamers and 500 small vessels. The company of the Milyutin brothers spread its activities from St. Petersburg to Baku. Ivan Andreevich did a lot for the reconstruction of the Mariinsky water system, the construction of a shipyard, the opening of the Volga-Kama Bank, the passage of the St. Petersburg-Vologda-Vyatka railway through Cherepovets.
Being elected mayor of Cherepovets in 1861, I.A. Milyutin served in this position until the end of his life. Not having a completed education, at his own expense he opens and maintains a women's primary three-year school, a technical school (one of the first institutions of this type). Under him, 13 educational institutions were opened in the city, including a real school (1873), a teacher's seminary (1875), a women's gymnasium (1878), an agricultural lower school and a women's vocational two-class school (1887). For his activities in the field of education, Ivan Andreevich was awarded the rank of real state councilor, which gave the right to hereditary nobility. F.I. Kadobnov, the first biographer of I.A. Milyutin, considered his main merit to be that he “defeated the ″darkness″ that reigns among us.” By "darkness", most likely, one should understand the state of morals of the provincial Cherepovets before the start of Milyutin's activities.
I.A. Milyutin covered his views on economic activity in several brochures: “The Mariinsky Waterway or the Continuation of the Volga to the Gulf of Finland” (1884), “The White Sea and the Volga. Notes on the Vyatka-Dvina Railway" (1885), "The Significance of the Main Line of the St. Petersburg-Vologda-Vyatka Railway in the Field of State-Economic and Political" (1898).
Ivan Andreevich died on June 4 (16), 1907 at the age of 79 in his country house. After his death, this house passed to his eldest daughter Maria Ivanovna Lentovskaya.
In August 1918, the house was nationalized and turned into communal housing. During the Great Patriotic War the building was used as a hospital for the wounded. After the resettlement in 1989 of the tenants, the house was empty for 15 years. During this time, there were several fires that significantly damaged the building.
In the early 2000s on the initiative of the Governor of the Vologda region Vyacheslav Pozgalev and the mayor of Cherepovets Mikhail Stavrovsky, it was decided to equip a museum here, which was opened on November 4, 2006. The museum exposition is dedicated to the life and work of I.A. Milyutin. Based on the collection of the Cherepovets Museum Association, several rooms with interior items of the 19th century have been recreated: an office-reception room, a men's living room, a women's living room, a bedroom, a boudoir, and others. The house hosts creative evenings and business meetings.
ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION
The territory of the estate where Milyutin's country house stood is well described by G.M. (now the Rybinsk reservoir), 140 meters west of the Resurrection Cathedral. The hill is bounded from the east by a steep slope leading to the cobblestone pavement, from the south by a gentler slope leading to the shore of the reservoir. From the west, the territory of the estate was interrupted by a stream, which, as it were, isolated it from this side. At the bottom of the stream, a bridge with fences on concrete figured pillars with metal handrails has been preserved. Presumably, this is one of the first examples of the use of reinforced concrete in Russia for decorative and constructive purposes. The bed of the stream today is a deep ravine, which, intensively developing, exposes the territory of the park to severe erosion. From the north, the estate had access to the former Cathedral Square (now Revolution Square).
The reconstructed two-storey semi-stone house has a complex configuration. It consists of two main buildings connected by a two-story gallery-transition.
The main volume of the southern part of the house is semi-stone: the first floor is brick, the second is wooden. The southern façade, facing the river, has a balcony and a terrace, the railings of which are decorated with sawn carvings. The platbands of the windows on the second floor of the southern façade are also decorated with sawn carvings with crowning crowns. Roof overhangs support wooden slotted brackets of complex configuration. The risalit with a balcony decorating the southeast corner of the house is decorated in a similar way.
A one-story stone outbuilding adjoins the southwestern corner of the house with a mezzanine on one side and an attic on the other. If the mezzanine, facing west, corresponds to the general spirit of the entire building, then the attic, located on the southern facade, is made in the "red brick" style. Now the wing houses the main entrance to the museum. To the right of it is a window with lancet endings and a sandrik.
The main volume of the two-storey northern building is brick, and the risalit overlooking the square is semi-stone. The pediments of the stone part of the northern building are framed by belts decorated with croutons. The northern facade has a more modest decoration. Three windows on the first floor of the risalit have a semicircular ending. The windows on the second floor have carved architraves, but are more modest than those on the southern façade.
On all facades, the floors are separated by a belt decorated with crackers. The entire plane of the walls of the second wooden floor has sheathing in different directions: in most cases it is horizontal, and at the ends of the risalits it is “herringbone”.
The roof of the house has a broken configuration. Roof overhangs are decorated with modest valances with teeth. Roof ridges and drainpipes are decorated with perforated iron.
The monument, which is an example of eclecticism, bears the stamps of different eras. So, the first floor is executed in an almost classical style, and the second - in a pseudo-Russian, more characteristic, as experts say, for Moscow and the Moscow region at the end of the 19th century. G.M. Seredina writes: “The features of the style, as well as the artistic image and originality, determine the Milyutin house as one of the most interesting examples of civil architecture in the Russian North-West of the second half of the last century.”
LOSS, RESTRUCTURE, RESTORATION
The country house of I.A. Milyutin has a complex construction history. Historians attribute the beginning of its construction to the mid-1950s. 19th century Initially, the house consisted of two buildings connected by a passage gallery. In the 1870s, a terrace and a balcony appeared on the south facade. By 1890, on the western facade, where the main entrance was located, a gallery was dismantled and an outbuilding with a mezzanine was added. After the transfer of the house for the arrangement of communal apartments, some of the internal partitions were dismantled, and some were moved. In the 1940s a second wooden floor was built over the western stone wing. In the second half of the XX century. interior decoration, terraces and balconies, roof and mezzanine above the western wing of the building were lost. At the end of the XX century. the house was almost completely burned down. The damage received during the fire during the restoration was recognized as so serious that in connection with this it was decided to dismantle the remains of the old building and according to the drawings of the early 20th century. build new. Only the foundations and part of the wall remained from the memorial house, which can be seen in the Wine Cellar exposition.
