Interesting about the Italian language.
History, facts, modernity.
Let's start with a couple of words about the current status of the language, it is obvious that Italian is the official language in Italy, the Vatican (simultaneously with Latin), in San Marino, but also in Switzerland (in its Italian part, the canton of Ticino) and in several counties in Croatia and Slovenia, where there is a large Italian-speaking population, Italian is also spoken by a part of the inhabitants on the island of Malta.
Italian dialects - can we understand each other?
In Italy itself, even today you can hear many dialects, sometimes it is enough to drive only a few tens of kilometers to encounter another of them.At the same time, dialects are often so different from each other that they can seem like completely different languages. If people from, for example, the northern and central Italian "outback" meet, then they may not even be able to understand each other.
What is especially interesting is that in addition to the oral form, some of the dialects also have a written one, such as the Neopolitan, Venetian, Milanese and Sicilian dialects.
The latter exists, respectively, on the island of Sicily and is so different from other dialects that some researchers distinguish it as a separate Sardinian language.
However, in everyday communication, and especially in large cities, you are unlikely to experience any inconvenience, because. today the dialects are mostly spoken by older people in the countryside, while young people use the correct literary language, which unites all Italians, the language of radio and, of course, television.
It may be mentioned here that until the end of the Second World War, modern Italian was only a written language used by the ruling class, scientists and administrative institutions, and it was television that played a large role in spreading the common Italian language among all inhabitants.
How it all began, origins
The history of the formation of modern Italian as we all know it is closely connected with the history of Italy and certainly no less fascinating.Origins - in ancient Rome, everything was in the Roman language, commonly known as Latin, which at that time was the official state language of the Roman Empire. In the future, from Latin, in fact, the Italian language and many other languages \u200b\u200bof Europe arose.
Therefore, knowing Latin, you can understand what a Spaniard is saying, plus or minus a Portuguese, and you can even make out part of the speech of an Englishman or Frenchman.
In 476, the last Roman emperor Romulus-Augustula abdicates the throne, after the capture of Rome by the leader of the Germans Odoacar, this date is considered the end of the Great Roman Empire.
Some also call it the end of the "Roman language", however, even today disputes still do not subside, because of what exactly the Latin language has lost its relevance, due to the capture of the Roman Empire by the barbarians, or was it a natural process and in what language itself spoke towards the end of the Roman Empire.
According to one version, in ancient Rome, by this time, along with Latin, the spoken language was already widespread, and it is from this folk language of Rome that Italian comes, which we know as Italian of the 16th century, according to the second version, in connection with the invasion of the barbarians Latin was mixed with various barbarian languages and dialects, and it is from this synthesis that the Italian language already originates.
Birthday - first mentioned
960 is considered the birthday of the Italian language. The first document is associated with this date, where this "proto-folk language" is present - vulgare, these are court papers related to the land litigation of the Benedictine abbey, the witnesses used this particular version of the language so that the testimony was understandable to as many people as possible, up to this point in all official papers we can see only Latin.And then there was a gradual spread in the ubiquitous life of the vulgare language, which translates as a folk language, which became the prototype of the modern Italian language.
However, the story does not end there, but only becomes more interesting and the next stage is associated with the Renaissance and with such well-known names as Dante Alighiere, F. Petrarch, J. Bocaccio and others.
to be continued...
Online translator
I suggest that all guests of my blog use a convenient and free Italian online translator.If you need to translate a couple of words or a short phrase from Russian to Italian or vice versa, you can use the little translator on the sidebar of the blog.
If you want to translate a large text or need other languages, use the full version of the online dictionary, where there are more than 40 languages on a separate blog page - /p/onlain-perevodchik.html
Italian self-instruction manual
I present a new separate section for all learners of the Italian language - Italian Tutorial for Beginners.Of course, it is not easy to make a full-fledged Italian tutorial from a blog, but I try to give the most convenient and logical sequence of interesting online lessons so that you can learn Italian from them yourself.
There will also be a section - an audio tutorial, where, as you might guess, there will be lessons with audio applications that can be downloaded or listened to directly on the site.
How to choose an Italian language tutorial, where to download it, or how to study it online, you will find information about this in my posts.
By the way, if someone has ideas or suggestions on how best to organize such a tutorial on our Italian blog, then be sure to write to me.
Italian via Skype
Secrets of how to learn Italian via Skype for free, whether a native speaker is always needed, how to choose a teacher, how much it costs to learn Italian via Skype, how not to waste your time and money - read about all this in the section "Italian via Skype.Come, read and make the right choice!
Italian phrasebook
Free, Fascinating, with a native speaker - a rubric for those who want to learn words and phrases on certain topics.Join, listen, read, learn - voiced Italian phrasebook for tourists, shopping, airport, everyday situations and much more
In chapter "
Romantic and mysterious Italy - is it possible to find a country that is more suitable for relaxing from the daily routine. This is a country that combines the mysteries of history with modern entertainment facilities. Almost all the great artists and sculptors in world history have lived and worked in Italy. There are certainly places to go and things to see. But for a smooth holiday, you will need at least a minimal knowledge of the Italian language.
Common phrases
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Thanks | grazie | grace |
| You are welcome | per favor | per favore |
| Sorry | scusi | skuzi |
| Hello | ciao | Chao |
| Goodbye | arrivederci | arrivederci |
| Till | ciao | Chao |
| Good morning | buon giorno | buon giorno |
| Good evening | buona sera | buona sulfur |
| Goodnight | buona notte | buona notte |
| I don't understand | non-capisco | non capisco |
| What is your name? | Come si chiama? or qual e il suo nome? | kome shi kyama? kual e il suo nome? |
| Very nice | grande piacere | grande piacere |
| How are you? | come stay | coma flock |
| Good | Va bene | wa be'ne |
| So-so | così-così | goat-goat |
| Where is the toilet here? | dove sono le toilette? | dove sono le toylette |
| How much does the ticket cost? | quanto costa il biglietto? | quanto costa or billetto? |
| One ticket to | un biglietto per | un billetto lane |
| Where do you live? | dove abiti? | dove abiti? |
| What time is it now? | che ora e? | ke ora eh? |
| Do you speak English (French, German, Spanish)? | lei parla inglese (in francese, tedesco, spagnolo)? | lei parla inglese (in franchese, tedesco, spagnolo)? |
| Where is… ? | dove si trova … ? | dove sit trova ... ? |
| One ticket to … please | un biglietto per …, per favore | un biglietto per …, per favore |
| ok i buy it | va bene, lo prendo | va bєnє, lo prando |
| What it is? | che cosa e? | ke goat eh? |
| I | io | And about |
| You | Voi | howl |
| We | noi | Noah |
| He she | Lui - lei | Lui-lei |
| You | Tu | That |
| My my | Mio/mia | mio/mia |
| Yours / yours | Tuo/tua | Tuo/tua |
| They are | loro | Lo'ro |
| I like | mi piace | mi pia'che |
| I do not like | Non mi piace | non mi pia'che |
| Yes | Si | si |
| Not | no | but |
| Agree/on | D'accordo | dacco'rdo |
| Young woman | Signorina | signori'na |
| Child | Bambino | bambi'no |
| The male | signore | signo're |
| Female | Signora | signo'ra |
Appeals
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Good evening | buona sera | bona sir |
| Hello and goodbye | Ciao | cha'o |
| Thank you bye. | Grazie, arrivederci | Grace, arrivederci. |
| Good afternoon | Boun giorno | bon giorno |
At customs
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Where can I get a green card? | Dove posso fare la carta verde? | Do've po'sso fa're la ka'rta ve'rde? |
| Can you close? | Posso chiudere? | Po'sso Q'dere? |
| Product samples | Campioni di Merce | Campio'ni di me'rche |
| Need to open your suitcase/bag? | Devo aprire la valigia/la borsa? | De'wo apri're la wali'ja/la bo'rsa? |
| Gifts | Regali | Rega'li |
| These are my personal items. | Questo e’ per uso personale | Kue'sto e per u'zo persona'le |
| This is my baggage | Questo e’ il mio bagaglio | Cue'sto e il mi'o baga'llo |
| I have nothing to declare | Non ho nulla da dichiarare | Non o nu'lla da dikyara're |
| Green map | carta verde | Ka'rta verde |
| Identification | Carta d'identita' | Ka'rta d identita' |
| Passport | Passaporto | Passapo'rto |
| Customs | Dogana | Doga'na |
| customs control | Controllo doganale | Control'llo dogana'le |
At the station
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Is there a sleeping car/restaurant? | C’ e’ il vagone letto/il ristorante? | Che il vago' n. e. let’tto/il ristora’nte? |
| Where do I need to transfer? | Dove devo cambiare linea? | Do've de'vo cambia're li'nia? |
| Direct train | Treno diretto | Tre'no dire'tto |
| At which station do I need to get off to get to...? | A che stazione devo scendere per arrivare a…? | A ke station’ n. e. de’vo she’ndere per arriva’re a…? |
| Where does the train leave for...? | Da quale binario parte il treno per…? | Da kua'le bina'rio pa'rte il tre'no per...? |
| Only there | Solo data | So'lo and'ata |
| Where are tickets sold? | Dove vendono i biglietti? | Do've ve'ndono and billie'tti? |
| Please two tickets / one return ticket | Per favore,un biglietto/due biglietti andata e ritorno | Per favo're, un bille'tto / du'e bille'tti anda'ta e rito'rno |
| Stop | Fermata | Fermata |
| Ticket service | biglietteria | Biletteri'ya |
| Ticket | biglietto | Bille'tto |
| Which direction is this train going? | Dove va questo treno? | Do've wa kue'sto tre'no? |
| Which train do I need to take to get to...? | Che treno devo prendere per arrivare a…? | Ke tre'no de'vo pre'ndere per arriva're a...? |
| When does the train leave for.../arrive from...? | A che ora parte il treno per… /arriva il treno da…? | And ke o’ra pa’rte il tre’no per… /arri’wa il tre’no yes…? |
| Where is the train departure/arrival timetable? | Dov’ e’ l’orario dei treni in partenza/arrivo? | Do’ve e l ora’rio dey tre’ni in parte’nza/arri’vo? |
| Railway carriage | Vagone/carrozza | Railway carriage. e./carro'zza |
| Where is the train station? | Dov' e' la stazione ferroviaria? | Do've e la station'n. e. ferrovia'ria? |
| A train | Treno | Tre'no |
Walk around the city
In transport
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Can I pay in dollars? | Si puo' pagare in dollari? | Si puo’ paga’re in do’llari? |
| Stop here please | Si fermi qui, per favor | Si fermi kui, per favo're |
| How much do I owe/owe you? | Quanto le devo? | Qua'nto le de'vo? |
| I'm in hurry | Ho fretta | Oh fre'tta |
| Faster Please | Piu veloce, per favore | I drink velo'che, per favo're |
| I am late | Sono in ritardo | So'no in rita'rdo |
| Ride straight | Vada semper diritto | Wa'da se'mpre diri'tto |
| Turn left/right | Giri a sinistra/destra | Ji'ri, and sini'stra / de'stra |
| Take me to this address | Puo' portarmi a questo indirizzo? | Pu'o porta'rmi, and kue'sto indiri'zzo? |
| Please take my things | Puo’ prendere i miei bagagli? | Pu'o pre'ndere and mie'i baga'lyi? |
| Where is the nearest taxi stand? | Dove si trova la fermata piu' vicina del taxi? | Do've si tro'va la ferma'ta pyu vichi'na del ta'xi? |
| You are free? | E'libero? | E libero? |
| How long will the taxi arrive? | Fra quanto tempo arriva il taxi? | Fra kua'nto te'mpo arri'wa il ta'xi? |
| Please call a taxi | Mi puo' chiamare un taxi, per favore? | Mi puo’ kyama’re un ta’xi, per favo’re? |
| Taxi | Taxi | Taxi |
| I need a taxi | Ho bisogno di un taxi | O biso'nyo di un ta'xi |
| My car is insured in... | La mia macchina e’ assicurata con… | La mia ma'kkina e assikura'ta con... |
| I need a mechanic | Ho bisogno di un meccanico | O biso'nyo di un mecca'niko |
| How much does a car repair cost? | Quanto costa la riparazione dell'auto? | Qua'nto co'sta la riparacio' n. e. del, a'uto? |
| I had an accident | Ho avuto un incidente | O avu'to un inchide'nte |
| Pour a full tank | Il pieno | Il pie'no |
| Check oil/water level | Mi controlli l'olio/l'acqua | Mi control'lli l o'lyo/l, a'kkua |
| Where is the nearest petrol station? | Dov’ e’ il prossimo distributore? | Do've or pro'simo distributo're? |
| Can you park your car here? | Si puo' parcheggiare qui? | Si puo’ parekgia’re kui’? |
| Paid parking | Parcheggio a pagamento | Parke'gio, and pagame'nto |
| Free parking | parcheggio libero | Parke'gio li'bero |
| Automobile | Auto | A'uto |
| Road map | picture stradale | Karti'na strada'le |
| Airplane | aereo | Ae'reo |
| At what stop? | A quale fermata? | And kua'le farma'ta? |
| Fine | Multa | Mu'lta |
| Where do you need to get off? | Dove bisogna scendere? | Do've bizo'nya she'ndere? |
| Where should tickets be stamped? | Dove bisogna timbrare i biglietti? | Do've bizo'nya timbra're and billie'tti? |
| Where does the bus stop? | Dove si ferma l'autobus? | Do've si farm l, a'utobus? |
| How often does the bus pass? | Ogni quanto passa l'autobus? | O'ny kua'nto pa'ssa l, a'utobus? |
| Stop | Fermata | Fermata |
| Ticket | biglietto | Bille'tto |
| Where are tickets sold? | Dove si vendono i biglietti? | Do've si ve'ndono and billie'tti? |
| Tram | Tram | Tram |
| Minibus | minibus/pulmino | Minibu's/pulmi'no |
| trolleybus | Filobus | Phi'lobus |
| Bus | Autobus | A'autobus |
| Theft and fire insurance | L'assicurazione contro il furto e incendio | L assicuracio’ n. e. co'ntro il furto e inche'ndio |
| Insurance | L'assicurazione | L assicuracio’ n. e. |
| …large | … grande | ...grande |
| Unlimited mileage | Chilomeraggio illimitato | Kilometera'jjo illimita'to |
| …with economical fuel consumption | …a basso consumo di carburante | ...and ba'sso consu'mo di carbura'nte |
| …for a month | …per unmese | …per un meze |
| …cheap | …economica | …economy |
| …For a three days | …per tre giorni | ...per tre jo'rni |
| …for a week | …per una settimana | …per una settima’na |
| …On one day | …per ungiorno | ...per un jo'rno |
| I want to rent a car | Vorrei noleggiare un'automobile | Worre'y noledja're un automo'bile |
| Automobile | Auto | A'uto |
| car rental | Automobile a leggio | Automo'bile, but nole'jo |
In hotel
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Noise | Rumore | Rumo're |
| wake up tomorrow morning | Mi puo svegliare domani? | Mi puo’ zvelya’re doma’ni? |
| Nothing works | Non funziona… | Non funcion'na |
| Cup | Bicchiere | Bikkye're |
| Toilet paper | Carta igenica | Ka'rta ije'nika |
| sheet | Lenzuolo | Lencuo'lo |
| Cover | copriletto | Coprile'tto |
| Radio | Radio | Radio |
| Light | Luce | Lu'che |
| TV set | television | Televiso're |
| Toilet | Gabinetto | Gabine'tto |
| Ashtray | Portacenere | Portache'nere |
| Pillow | Cuscino | Kushi'no |
| Towel | Asciugamano | Ashugama'no |
| Window | Finestra | Fine'stra |
| A blanket | Coperta | Cope'rta |
| Dirty | Sporco/a | Sporko/a |
| Trash | Patume | Patu'me |
| Soap | Sapon | Sapo' n. e. |
| Clean | Pulito/a | Puli'to/a |
| Shower | Doccia | Do'cha |
| Tap | rubinetto | Rubine'tto |
| Hot water | Aqcua calda | A'kua-ka'lda |
| Cold water | Aqcua fredda | A'qua fre'dda |
| Door | Porta | Po'rta |
| Hotel | Hotel/albergo | Ote'l/albe'rgo |
| My number | Mia camera | Miya-ka'mera |
| Hanger | Attaccapanni | Attakkapa'nni |
Emergencies
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Call the firemen! | Chiami i pompieri! | Kyami and Pompier |
| I lost my child | Ho perso un bambino | Oh perso un bambi'no |
| I have lost my passport | Ho perso il passaporto | O perso il passapo'rto |
| My wallet was stolen | Mi hanno rubato il portafoglio | Mi, a'nno ruba'to il portafo'lio |
| My bag is stolen | Mi hanno rubato la borsa | Mi, a'nno ruba'to la bo'rsa |
| My car was stolen | Mi hanno rubato la macchina | Mi, a'nno ruba'to la ma'kkina |
| Where is the lost property department located? | Dov'e l'ufficio oggetti smarriti? | Do've l uffi'chcho oje'tti zmarri'ti? |
| Call the police! | Chiami la polizia! | Kya'mi la police'ya! |
| Where is the police station located? | Dov'e la centrale di polizia? | Do've la centra'le di police'ya? |
| Unseen circumstances | emergenza | emergenza |
| Help! | Aiuto! | Ayu'to! |
| Rescuer | Bagnino | Bani'no |
Times and dates
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Month | Unmese | Un me'ze |
| half day | Meta' giornata | Meta' jorna'ta |
| One day | Un giorno | Un jo'rno |
| One week, two, three | Una settimana, due, tre | U'na settima'na, du'e, tre |
| January | Gennaio | Jenna'yo |
| February | Febbraio | Febbra'yo |
| March | marzo | Ma'rzo |
| April | Aprile | Apri'le |
| May | Maggio | Ma'gio |
| June | Giugno | Ju'nyo |
| July | Luglio | Lu'lyo |
| August | Agosto | Ago'sto |
| September | Settembre | Sette'mbre |
| October | Ottobre | Otto'bre |
| November | Novembre | Nove'mbre |
| December | Decembre | Diche'mbre |
| Winter | Inverno | Inve'rno |
| Spring | Primavera | Primave'ra |
| Summer | estate | Esta'te |
| Autumn | Autunno | Autu'nno |
| Monday | Lunedi | Lunedi' |
| Tuesday | Martedi | Martedy' |
| Wednesday | Mercoledi | Mercoledi' |
| Thursday | Giovedi | Jovedi' |
| Friday | Venerdi | Vanerdy' |
| Saturday | Sabato | Sa'bato |
| Sunday | Domenica | Dome'nika |
| Day | Giorno | Jo'rno |
| Night | notte | No'tte |
| Evening | Sera | Se'ra |
| Morning | Mattino | Matti'no |
| Noon | Mezzogiorno | Mejojo'rno |
| afternoon tea | pomeriggio | Pomeri'jo |
Numerals
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Zero | Ze'ro |
| 1 | Uno | U'no |
| 2 | Due | Douai |
| 3 | Tre | Tre |
| 4 | Quattro | Qua'ttro |
| 5 | Cinque | Chi'nkue |
| 6 | Sei | Say |
| 7 | Sette | Se'tte |
| 8 | Otto | O'tto |
| 9 | New | No'we |
| 10 | Dieci | Die'chi |
| 11 | Undici | U'ndici |
| 12 | Dodici | Do'dichi |
| 13 | Tredici | Trades |
| 14 | Quattordici | Quatto'rdici |
| 15 | Quindici | Qui'ndici |
| 16 | Sedici | Ca'dichi |
| 17 | Diciasette | Dichasse'tte |
| 18 | Diciotto | Dicho'tto |
| 19 | Diciannove | Dichanno'we |
| 20 | Venti | Ve'nti |
| 30 | Trenta | Tre'nta |
| 40 | Quaranta | Quara'ntha |
| 50 | Cinquanta | Chinqua'nta |
| 60 | Sessanta | Sessa'nta |
| 70 | Settanta | Setta'nta |
| 80 | Ottanta | Otta'nta |
| 90 | Novanta | Nova'nta |
| 100 | Cento | Che'nto |
| 200 | Duecento | Duece'nto |
| 1 000 | Mille | Mi'lle |
| 1 000 000 | Un millionone | Un milio'ne |
In the shop
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Is it possible to open an account...? | E’ possibile aprire un conto…? | E possi’bile apri’re un ko’nto…? |
| …in dollars | …in dollari | ...in do'llari |
| …In Euro | …in euro | ...in e'uro |
| Receipt | Ricevuta | Richevu'ta |
| Exchange tax | Trattenuta di cambio | Trattenu'ta di-ka'mbyo |
| How much money can I change? | Fino a quanto posso cambiare? | Fi'no, and kua'nto ro'sso cambia're? |
| Euro | Euro | E'uro |
| Dollar | dollaro | Do'llaro |
| What exchange rate... | Quale'il cambio… | Kua'le il-ka'mbyo... |
| Money | Soldi, denaro | So'ldi, dena'ro |
| exchange rate | corso di cambio | Ko'rso di ka'mbyo |
| Where can I find a bank? | Dove posso trovare una banca? | Do’ve po’sso trova’re u’na ba’nka? |
| Bank | Banca | Jar |
| Please give me a receipt | Mi dia lo scontrino, per favor | Mi di'a lo contri'no, per favo're |
| Where can I buy…? | Dove posso comprare…? | Do’ve po’sso compra’re…? |
| Could you give me a discount? | Puo' farmi uno sconto? | Poo farmi u'no sco'nto? |
| Give me taxfree, please. | Mi faccia il tax free per favor. | Mi faccia il taxis per favouré. |
| I'll take this, thanks. | Prendo questo, grazie. | Prendo cuesto, grace. |
| Can I pay in dollars? | Posso pagare in dollari? | Mi faccia in dollars? |
| Where is the fitting room? | Dov'e'il camerino? | Dov'e il chamber? |
| I would like a light brown color. | Lo vorrei di colore marrone chiaro. | Po vorrey di colore marrone chiaro. |
| Can I try it on? | Posso provarlo? | Did the prosso fail? |
| Too long (short). | E'tropo lungo (corto). | E'troppo lungo (corto). |
| Too big (small) | E'troppo grande (piccolo) | E'troppo grande (piccolo) |
| I need a male (female) suit | Mi sreve abito da uomo | Mi serve abito da uomo (da donna) |
| I need size 37. | Mi sreve misura trantasette. | Mi Serve Mizura Trentasette. |
| Show me... (this) | Mi faccia vedere… (questo) | Mi faccia bucket... (cuesto) |
| Where is…? | Dov'e'...? | Dov'e...? |
| I just want to see. | Vorrei dare un'occhiata | Worrey dare un okyata. |
| I wanted to buy | …Vorrei compare… | Worrey comprare |
| How much? | Quanto? | Qua'nto? |
| What is the price? | Quanto costa? | Qua'nto costa? |
Tourism
| Phrase in Russian | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Ticket | biglietto | Bille'tto |
| arrival | Arrivo | Arri'vo |
| The airport | Aeroporto | Aeroporto |
| Documentation | documenti | Document'nty |
| Visa | Visto | Vi'sto |
| Voucher | Voucher | Voucher |
| Passport | Passaporto | Passapo'rto |
| I have a visa for two weeks | Io ho un visto per due settimane | Io o un vi’sto per du’e settima’ n. e. |
| Individual visa | Visto individuale | Vi'sto individual'le |
| Where is baggage issued? | Dove si ritira il bagaglio? | Do've si riti'ra il baga'lyo? |
| Collective visa | Visto collettivo | Vi'sto colletti'vo |
| Where is our bus? | Dove si trova il nostro autobus/pulman? | Do've si tro'va il, no'stro, a'autobus / pullman? |
| Is there a flight to...? | C’e’ un volo per…? | Che un vo’lo per…? |
| Where is the airport? | Dov'e'l'aeroporto? | Do've l airport'rto? |
| What time does the plane leave for...? | A che ora parte l'aereo per...? | And ke o’ra pa’rte l ae’reo per…? |
| Boarding announced? | Hanno gia' annunciato l'imbarco? | A'nno ja annuncha'to l imba'rko? |
| Registration started? | Hanno gia’ iniziato il check-in? | A'nno ja initiation'to il check-in? |
| When does the plane arrive in...? | A che ora arriva l’aereo a…? | And ke o'ra arri'wa ae'reo a...? |
| Where can I put a stamp for tax-free? | Dove si puo’ richiedere il timbro per tax-free? | Do’ve si puo’ rikye’dere il ti’mbro per tax-free? |
| Where can I get money from tax-free? | Dove si possono ritirare i soldi del tax-free? | Do’ve si puo’ ritira’re and so’ldi del tax-free? |
| hand luggage | Bagaglio a mano | Baga'lo, but ma'no |
| Baggage | Bagaglio | Baga'lyo |
| Where is baggage checked? | Dove si consegna il bagaglio? | Do've si conse'nya il baga'llo? |
| How many kilograms of luggage can I carry? | Quanti chili di franchigia? | Qua'nti ki'li di franki'ja? |
| How much does a kilogram of baggage cost if it is overweight? | Quanto costa al chilo l'eccedenza bagaglio? | Kua'nto co'sta al ki'lo l echchede'nza baga'lyo? |
| Baggage tag | Rricevuta del bagaglio | Richevu'ta del Baga'glio |
| Boarding pass | Carta d'imbarco | Ka'rta d imba'rko |
| Beach | Spiaggia | Spiya'ja |
| finely | Acqua bassa | A'kqua ba'ssa |
| Deep | Acqua alta | A'kkua, a'lta |
| Swimsuit | Costume da bagno | Costu'me da ba'nyo |
| Are there jellyfish here? | Qui ci sono meduse? | Kui' chi so'no medu'ze? |
| Are there crabs here? | Qui ci sono granchi? | Kui' chi so'no gr'nki? |
| Where is the dressing room located? | Dove si trova la cabina per cambiarsi? | Do've si tro'va la kabi'na per cambia'rsi? |
| Where is the shower? | Dove si trova la doccia? | Do've si tro'wa la do'chcha? |
| I am looking for the restroom. | Dove si trova la toilette? | Do've si tro'va la toilet't? |
| How to get to the beach? | Come si arriva alla spiaggia? | Ko'me si arri'wa, a'lla spia'ja? |
| beach bar | Bar di spiaggia | Bar di spia'ja |
| free beach | Spiaggia libera | Spia'ja li'bera |
| Paid beach | Spiaggia a pagamento | Spia'ja, a pagame'nto |
| What is the price: | quanto costa: | Qua'nto costa: |
| Place on the first line | Posto sulla prima linea | Po'sto sul pri'ma li'nea |
| Place behind the first line | Posto dopo la prima linea | Po’sto do’po la pri’ma li’nea |
| Included in the price: | Il prezzo comprende: | Il pre'zzo compre'nde: |
| sun lounger | Lettino | Letty'no |
| Deckchair | Sdraio | Hello |
| Umbrella | Ombrellone | Ombrello' n. e. |
| Where can you rent: | Dove si puo' noleggiare: | Do'we si puo' noledja're: |
| water moto | Una moto d'acqua | Un mo'to d, a'kqua |
| boat | Una barca | U'na barka |
| Water bicycle | Un pedalo' | Un pedalo’ |
| Water skiing | Degli sci d'acqua | De'lyi shi d, a'kua |
Our Russian-Italian phrasebook consists of the most frequently used topics for communication.
Greetings - phrases and words with which you can start a dialogue, as well as simply greet new acquaintances.
Standard phrases - a selection of all kinds of words and phrases that will be useful for you to communicate while traveling in Italy.
Stations - do you need to find out which piron the train you need arrives at, or buy a bus ticket in the right direction? Then open this topic, and you will definitely find the translation of the words and phrases you need for this.
Passport control - when going through passport control upon arrival in Italy, you will need minimal knowledge of the language on this topic. Here you will find everything you need to complete this procedure.
Orientation in the city - walking around Italian cities is a real pleasure, but without knowing the Italian language, you can get lost or be unable to find the object of interest to you. To avoid such problems, use this topic from the Russian-Italian phrasebook.
Transport - in a foreign country, you will probably want to rent a car, in addition, you will use taxi services and public transport more than once. In order for you not to have any problems with these services, you need to have at least a minimum level of knowledge of the Italian language, or you can simply use this section in our Russian-Italian phrasebook.
Hotel - when you arrive in Italy, you will most likely stay at a hotel, but to register and stay in a room you need to know a few phrases and words in order to feel comfortable while staying there. You will find all the necessary phrases for this in this topic.
Emergencies - a list of phrases that every tourist should have at hand, because you are in a foreign country and anything can happen. In this section, you will find translations of phrases that will help you call passers-by for help, report that you are not feeling well, call the police, and so on.
Dates and times - in a hurry, you can forget the clock in the room, and in order to find out what time it is, you will have to ask passers-by about it. This topic lists all the necessary phrases and their correct pronunciation. In addition, there is a translation of the days of the week and months of the year.
Shopping - when shopping, you can look at this section to learn how to pronounce this or that name of a product or some thing in Italian.
Numbers and figures - pronunciation and Italian translation of numbers from zero to a thousand. For a tourist, this is a very important topic.
Tourism - a list of common phrases that any tourist needs when traveling in Italy.
The Italian alphabet is the same as the Latin alphabet, but the letters j, k, w, x and y found only in words of foreign origin.
2. Transliteration
Part of the Italian letters is transmitted into Russian unambiguously:
| b | → b | m | → m | r | → R | ||
| d | → d | n | → n | t | → t | ||
| f | → f | o | → about | v | → in | ||
| k, q | → to | p | → P | x | → ks |
3. G, C, H
In the transcription of letter combinations gli and gn letter g omitted: gli → eh, gn → ny. The vowels after these combinations a and u transmitted as I and Yu: Modigliani → Modigliani, Agnana → Anyana.
In other cases n → n; before vowels l → l, before consonants and at the end of a word l → eh.
Before front vowels ( i and e) sc → sh, cc → hh, with → h, g (gg) → j; if for sci, ci or gi followed by a vowel i omitted in transcription: Scisciano → Shishano.
In other contexts sc → ck, c → to, cc → kk, g → G, gg → gg: Grana → Grana, Bosco → Bosco.
Letter h in Italian words occurs only in combinations ch and gh, in this case ch → to, gh → G in all contexts: Cherubini → Cherubini.
4.S
Letter s can be transcribed as with And How h, depending on pronunciation. Here are some patterns:
doubled ss → cc in all contexts;
At the end of a word and after consonants s → with: iacurso → Yakurso;
Before sonorant consonants ( l, m, n, v) s → h: Smeraldi → Smeraldi;
Before consonants b, d, f, g, k, p, q, r, t and at the end of the word s → with: Chiusdino → Chiusdino;
Usually at the end of words ese → ese, oso → oco;
Usually between vowels s → h, but you can only find out with a dictionary.
"Transcriptor" in doubtful cases between vowels translates s → h.
5. Z, ZZ
Letter z can be transmitted in transcription in two ways, depending on the pronunciation, z → c or z → dz: Zacconi → Zacconi, Zampano → Zampano. With double zz the same thing happens: zz → tss, zz → dz. The exact pronunciation can be found in the dictionary.
"Transcriptor" in doubtful cases translates z → c, zz → tss.
6. I in diphthongs
Diphthongs of the species i + vowel are transmitted as follows:
After ch and gh, in all cases ia → ya, ie → ye, io → yo, iu → ew: Chiuro → Chiuro, Arischia → Arisquia;
As part of suffixes iago → iago, iano → iano, iale → iale, iasco → iasco, iato → iato, iolo → iolo, ione → ion;
In other positions at the end of the word ia → and I, ie → ie, io → and about, iu → yiwu: Marrubiu → Marrubiu;
At the beginning of a word and after vowels ia → I, ie → e, io → yo, iu → Yu: Baiardo → Bayardo, Yolanda → Yolanda;
In the middle of a word after consonants ia → ya, ie → ye, io → yo, iu → ew: Bianca → Bianca.
After vowels i → th: Aidone → Aidone.
7. Vowels
After vowels a, o, u, as well as at the beginning of the word e → uh: Emilia → Emilia, Cimbaue → Chimbaue. In other contexts e → e.
Usually u → at: Ugolini → Ugolini, quadri → Quadri. But in traditional spellings it is possible u → in: Guarneri → Guarneri, Quasimodo → Quasimodo.
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