Primorsky Krai is an amazingly picturesque and simply unique place in the Russian Far East. Nature lovers will find here beautiful hills, the coast of the non-freezing Sea of Japan, the bewitching underwater world, the unique Ussuri taiga, the mountain slopes of the Sikhote-Alin, nature reserves. And lovers of extreme sports will surely like river rafting and convenient ski slopes, sailing and windsurfing.
Primorye occupies the most extreme part of the south-east of Russia. It borders on land with the Khabarovsk Territory, China and North Korea, and in the east and south it is washed by the Sea of Japan. The composition of Primorsky Krai, in addition to the mainland, includes numerous islands.
Among the diversity of ecotourism in Primorye, the sea is the most developed. These are sea cruises, active holidays on the coast and islands, and, of course, diving. In addition, here you can do adventure, sports and hunting, fishing (amateur underwater fishing, fishing and photography), health, as well as extreme (equestrian sports, caving, surfing, parachuting, paragliding, kiting, skiing, snowboarding) tourism.
The major cities of the region are Nakhodka, Ussuriysk, Artem, Arseniev, Spassk-Dalny, Partizansk, Dalnegorsk, Lesozavodsk, Bolshoy Kamen, Dalnerechensk, Fokino.
The population is about 2.1 million people. Difference with Moscow in time: ahead of Moscow by 7 hours.
Weather in Primorsky Krai
Winter in Primorsky Krai is long, with low temperatures. In the central and northern regions of the region it lasts 4-5 months, in the south-west 3-3.5 months. The weather in winter is mostly clear and sunny. The first snow appears on the peaks of the Sikhote-Alin already in early October. The average temperature in January is from +12.5 °С to -23.9 °С.
Spring in Primorye is cold, lasting 2-3 months. The average April temperature is +3...+5 °C. Frosts in the foothills and mountains of the Sikhote-Alin can be until mid-June, and on the Khanka Plain - until the first half of May.
Summers are warm, and in areas far from the sea, even hot, but damp. The warmest month in the continental regions is July, on the coast - August. Autumn is warm and dry. The air temperature drops slowly. Warmth lasts especially long in coastal areas, where autumn is the best time of the year.
Primorsky Krai has a number of specific climate features: monsoon character associated with frequent typhoons; high air humidity; a large number of days with strong winds, fogs; short duration of stable snow cover in the southern and foothill regions.
Tourist safety
In Primorye, blood-sucking insects are widespread, as well as carriers of a number of dangerous natural focal diseases.
In the bays and bays of the Sea of Japan during the swimming season, a poisonous jellyfish (cross) often appears in large numbers.
The main resorts of Primorsky Krai
The best resort region of Primorye is the southern coast and the islands of Peter the Great Bay. This area has optimal natural characteristics and picturesque landscapes. The shores are heavily indented, but there are many wide sandy beaches and forest areas on the adjacent terraces and slopes.
Excellent places for tourism and recreation are located in the foothill areas of the right-bank tributaries of the Ussuri, the central and northern parts of the Sikhote-Alin. Ancient extinct volcanoes are also of constant interest, especially the Baranovsky volcano (Razdolnaya river) and the volcanoes located on Cape Povorotny and Cape Olimpiada.
Primorsky Krai also has unique opportunities for organizing medical and recreational tourism.
Primorsky Krai also has unique opportunities for organizing medical and recreational tourism. There is not just an impressive supply of natural healing and health resources, rich deposits of mineral waters and therapeutic mud, but also unique springs, which have no analogues anywhere else in the world.
There are more than 3 thousand lakes in the Primorsky Territory. Khanka is the largest. Also, several small lakes ranging from 0.2 to 3.3 square meters. km are located in the south of the region, in the Khasan district. The salt lake Talmi is also located here.
Entertainment and attractions
On the territory of Primorye there are more than 2 thousand archaeological and historical monuments of great cultural significance. About 900 of them belong to the era of the primitive communal system (settlements of the Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic) and to the Middle Ages (the first state formations were the states of Bohai, Jurchen).
There are more than 2 thousand archaeological and historical monuments on the territory of Primorye.
Of interest are the areas of the Posyet Bay basin (about 120 monuments), the surroundings of the village. Chernigovka (about 180 monuments), as well as the valley of the Razdolnaya River, the upper reaches of the Ussuri River, the basin of the Ilista River, and certain sections of the coast of the Sea of Japan.
Hunting in Primorsky Krai
Here they hunt elk, red deer, wild boar, roe deer, spotted deer, brown bear; from small animals - a brown hare, a white hare, a Manchurian hare, a badger, a fox; from field game - pheasant; from waterfowl - geese, ducks and sandpipers. In addition, there is commercial hunting for fur-bearing animals - wolf, sable, squirrel, mink, otter, raccoon dog and muskrat.
Of greatest interest is hunting for male deer during the roar and on salt licks. The most productive lands are located in the Chuguevsky, Olginsky, Krasnoarmeysky, Terneysky and Pozharsky districts. Roe deer hunting is open only in the autumn-winter period.
Of greatest interest is hunting for male deer during the roar and on salt licks.
In addition, the largest subspecies of the wild boar lives in the Primorsky Territory. Hunting is often done from the approach in places of feeding, as well as very reckless hunting with dogs. Wild boar habitats: Anuchinsky, Partizansky, Lazovsky, Olginsky, Chuguevsky, Krasnoarmeisky and Pozharsky districts.
Spotted deer are sought in Khasansky, Nadezhdinsky, Ussuriysky and Shkotovsky regions. The elk lives only in the deaf and hard-to-reach places of the Krasnoarmeisky, Pozharsky and Terney regions.
The brown bear habitat includes the territories of the Anuchinsky, Chuguevsky, Olginsky, Dalnerechensky, Krasnoarmeisky, Terneisky and Pozharsky districts. Of the traditional types of bear hunting, hunting from the approach and in dens is considered the most successful.
Waterfowl hunting is open for only 10 days in spring and for 2 months in autumn. Pheasant hunting - in autumn for 20 days.
Fishing in Primorsky Krai
In terms of species diversity of fish, the Sea of Japan ranks first among all Russian seas: there are about 900 species of them, of which 179 are commercial. There are up to 100 species of fish in lakes and rivers.
Traditionally they catch sea: smelt, rudd, cod, navaga, brown greenling, flounder, Pacific herring. In the Khasan region, in the shallow sea, rudd, greenling, flounder are well caught, and in small mountain streams and streams - lenok, Dolly Varden, Kunja, pied, minnow, crucian carp, snakehead.
A good catch is also in the Kavalerovsky and Olginsky districts: flounder, nelma, cod, greenling, herring, smelt, grayling, lenok, pilengas, taimen, sim, pink salmon, chum salmon, lemming, Dolly Varden, kunja, saffron cod, char, rudd, crucian carp, pike , som. And in the Shkotovsky district: Dolly Varden, lemming, lenok, minnow, gudgeon.
In the Lesozavodsky and Kirovsky districts, crucian carp, pike, grayling, carp, lenok, and taimen are common. In the rivers and lakes of the Pozharsky, Krasnoarmeisky and Dalnerechensky regions, grayling, lenok, taimen, carp, pike, catfish, burbot, gubar, and crucian peck well. In the Khanka basin, there are pike perch, yellow-cheeked, Chinese perch, crucian carp, skygazer, catfish, killer whale, carp, pike, grayling, lenok, taimen, Dolly Varden.
The most widespread, especially in southern Primorye, and the longest in time is ice fishing. It runs from late November to early April. On the first ice, fish are caught in the mouths of rivers and in shallow waters in sea bays.
The most popular fishing spots in the Peter the Great Bay are the Posyet, Slavyansky, Amursky, Sukhodol bays and the bays of the Russky and Popov Islands, as well as the Muravyinaya Bay of the Ussuri Bay.
It was adopted on November 11, 2000. In the center of the cloth, horizontally, there are three blue (blue) stripes, symbolizing the sea and naval paraphernalia. In the center is a stylized anchor symbolizing the port city.
NAKHODKA, a city in the Russian Federation, Primorsky Krai, is located 169 km east of Vladivostok. A port on the shore of Nakhodka Bay in the Nakhodka Bay of the Sea of Japan. Pacific railway station. Population 155.8 thousand people (2001). Founded in 1941. City since 1950.
Economy of the city of Nakhodka
The main industrial enterprises: Primorsky Shipping Company, Gaidamak Ship Repair Plant OJSC. Sea fishing base (JSC Yuzhmorybflot, OJSC Nakhodka Base of Active Sea Fishing, LLC DV Fish Company, Poseidon). Tin and can factory. Manufacture of reinforced concrete products for large-panel housing construction. Nakhodka is a port of international importance, a center of coastal trade. Export of timber, coal, fluorspar, honey, fish, fish and seafood. The Vostochny port is located near Nakhodka. Nakhodka is a free economic zone.
History of the city of Nakhodka
The bay, which was named Nakhodka by order of Governor-General N. N. Muravyov, was opened in 1859. In 1869, a party of colonists arrived from the Finnish city of Abo, and an industrial and agricultural trading post was founded; residential buildings, shops, a sawmill, a mill, and warehouses were built. After the steam schooner Nakhodka sank in 1870 and the manager of the trading post died in 1871, life in the colony came to a standstill. After 13 years, a permanent settlement called American was founded, in which 37 families from the Chernihiv region settled. Before the start of the Great Patriotic War, the construction of a port began on the coast of the ice-free Nakhodka Bay. Since 1946, Nakhodka has been a working settlement, since 1950 it has become a city.
Science and culture. Sights of the city of Nakhodka
Educational and cultural institutions: Institute of Technology and Business, branch of the Vladivostok State University of Economics, secondary nautical school of the fishing industry; branch of the Primorsky State Museum.
Architectural monuments: the buildings of the railway station, the men's gymnasium, etc.
Find. Salt Lake.
On the territory of Spassk-Dalny there is a protected natural monument (since 1981) - Spasskaya Cave.
ARSENIEV, a city in the Russian Federation, Primorsky Krai, is located in the foothills of the Sikhote-Alin, on the right bank of the river. Arsenievka (a tributary of the Ussuri River), 300 km northeast of Vladivostok. Railroad station. Population 65.2 thousand people (2001). Founded in 1902. City since 1952.
The main industrial enterprises: the largest aircraft manufacturing company in the region "Progress" them. N. I. Sazykina (Mi-34S helicopters, Yak-55M aircraft, manufacturing of agricultural machinery, equipment for oil workers, small boats and yachts, motoblocks, rocket technology); machine-building plant "Askold" (ship fittings, pipeline fittings, linear coupling equipment), etc. Woodworking, furniture factories. Production of building materials. Food industry enterprises.
Founded as the village of Semyonovka. In 1952, the Russian resettlement village was transformed into the city of Arseniev. Named in honor of the researcher of the Far East, ethnographer and writer V. K. Arseniev (1872-1930); his routes along the edge included the territory where Semenovka was located.
The city has a branch of the Primorsky State Museum.
ARTEM, a city in the Russian Federation, Primorsky Krai, is located in the northern part of the Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula, 53 km northeast of Vladivostok. Artem-Primorsky I railway station. Vladivostok airport is located near Artem. Population 66.6 thousand people (2001). Founded in 1924. City since 1938.
Flag of the city of Artyom was adopted on April 10, 2003. In the center is an image of a yellow sun with sixteen rays.
The main industrial enterprises: piano, carpet, knitwear, furniture factories. Production of building materials (ZhBI-3 plant). Electromechanical workshops. Porcelain factory (uses porcelain stone of the Gusevsky deposit as raw material). Near Artem there is Artemovskaya GRES (supplying electricity to Southern Primorye). In the village of Uglovoe there is a junction station Coal, a tire repair plant. The village of Trudovoye is a center for the production of red bricks, metalworking, and the mechanical repair industry, the fur farm "Maikhe" (breeding sika deer and minks). The city is located on the territory of the Artemovsky lignite basin (lignite coal is mined and enriched.
Founded near the Zybunny mine (brown coal deposit) as the mining village of Artem, named after the pseudonym of the Soviet party and statesman F. A. Sergeev (Artem) (1883-1921).
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Main industries: chemical industry (Bor OJSC), non-ferrous metallurgy (Dalpolimetall OJSC); Plant "Stroydetal" Food industry enterprises: brewery, bakery, meat processing plant. In the vicinity of the city, in the village of Kamenka, there is a fish factory, in the village of Krasnorechensk - a timber industry enterprise. Deposits of lead-zinc and tin ores, as well as limestone, sand, boron-containing ores, tuff, etc., have been discovered in the region. |
USSURIYSK, a city in the Russian Federation, Primorsky Krai, is located in the southeastern part of the Razdolno-Khanka lowland, at the confluence of the Razdolnaya, Rakovka, Komarovka rivers, 112 km north of Vladivostok. Railway junction. Regional center. Population 157.4 thousand people (2001). Founded in 1866. City since 1898. Until 1926 Nikolsk. Until 1935 Nikolsk Ussuri. Until 1957 Voroshilov.
Economy of Ussuriysk
The main industrial enterprises: oil and fat plant (oil extraction, margarine and soap factories), JSC "Primorsky Sakhar" (sugar, sugar refinery and yeast factories). Production of alcoholic beverages with extracts from the herbs of the Ussuri taiga. Far Eastern JSC "Rodina" (woodworking machines, household refrigerators "Ocean"). Combine-repair and locomotive-diesel plants. Firm "Grado" (leather and footwear association). Clothing factory "Worker". Oxygen plant, furniture factory "Ussuriyskmebel". All the main transit flows of export-import and cabotage cargoes of the Far East Sea Basin pass through Ussuriysk. Cage fur farming (mink) is developed in the region. Tuff deposits (Borisovskoye and Pushkinskoye), Banevurovskoye brown coal, Aleksey-Nikolskoye hard coal, brick clay, "Rakovskoye" mineral water have been discovered.
History of Ussuriysk
It was founded by settlers from the Astrakhan and Voronezh provinces as the village of Nikolskoye on the territory of the once prosperous Bohai state. The construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway in 1891 and the transformation of Nikolsk into a major railway junction breathed new life into it. In 1898, a city was formed under the name Nikolsk-Ussuriysky. In 1935-1957. Voroshilov was called by the name of the Soviet party and military leader K. E. Voroshilov (1881-1969).
Ussuriysk is the birthplace of the popular actor B. Khmelnitsky.
Science and culture. Attractions Ussuriysk
Educational and cultural institutions: Primorsky State Agricultural Academy, Ussuri State Pedagogical Institute, Faculty of the Military Automobile Institute. Two drama theatres. Branch of the Primorsky State Museum.
A historical landmark is a medieval monument, a stone statue of a turtle, personifying longevity (installed on the graves of persons of the imperial family of the Jurchen state, 12th century).
Not far from the city is the Ussuri Nature Reserve, founded in 1932. Its area is 40,432 hectares. The territory of the reserve is covered with reserved forests of rare species (cedar, black fir, ash, elm). Water animals such as red deer, spotted deer, goral, Amur tiger, leopard, giant shrew are protected here.
SPASSK-FAR, in Primorsky Krai, regional subordination, the center of the Spassky district, 243 km northeast of Vladivostok. Located on the Khanka lowland, 20 km from Lake Khanka. Railway station on the line Khabarovsk - Vladivostok. The population is 61.4 thousand people (1992; 23.3 thousand in 1939; 39.6 thousand in 1959; 53.2 thousand in 1979).
It was founded by settlers from other regions of Russia around 1886 as the village of Spasskoye, near which the Evgenievka station of the Ussuri railroad was built in 1906. In 1917 the village was transformed into the city of Spassk; in 1926, the station settlement of Evgenievka became part of it. Since 1929 - the city of S.-D.
In 1908, a cement plant was built on the basis of high-quality limestone and clay deposits near Evgenievka; in 1932-34 a second cement plant was built. In 1976, the Novo-Spassky cement plant went into operation. In modern S.-D.: the production of building materials (PO Spasskcement, the plant for asbestos-cement products, Spassktsemremont, factories - foundry and mechanical, reinforced concrete products, building materials, etc.); mechanical engineering and metalworking (plants - experimental-mechanical, auto-repair, Primorsky experimental, enterprise "Spasskvodmashremont"); light industry (Primorskoye production association "Vostok", felting footwear factory "Tayozhnaya"); factory of artistic ceramics; food enterprises (meat processing plant, sausage factory, dairy plant, vegetable and fruit canning factory). On the territory of S.-D. - protected natural monument (since 1981) Spasskaya Cave.
PARTIZANSK, in Primorsky Krai, regional subordination, 155 km east of Vladivostok. Located on the coast of Nakhodka Bay, in the valley of the river. Partisan (until 1972 it was called Suchan). Railway station on a branch from Uglovaya station on the Vladivostok - Khabarovsk line. Road junction (7 km from the Nakhodka-Lazo highway). The population is 49.9 thousand people (1992; 6.5 thousand in 1926; 36.9 thousand in 1939; 48.5 thousand in 1959; 48 thousand in 1979).
Established in 1896, until 1932 - Suchansky mine, until 1972 - the city of Suchan. In the vicinity of Petrograd there are large reserves of coal. The city (about 30 km long) is formed from several station and mining settlements on the hills. Coal mining. Light industry (factories - clothing, leather goods) and food industry (food processing plant, brewery, meat processing plant). Carriage and diesel locomotive repair enterprises. Chemical-pharmaceutical, instrument-making, turbine plants are under construction (1992). P. is the center of an agricultural region (on the territory of the city there are 2 fruit nurseries, a dairy and vegetable farm, a greenhouse farm, and a fur farm). Branch of the Primorsky Regional Museum. K. K. Arsenyeva. There are many gardens in the city.
10 km to the south - the village of Lozovoy at the state district power station.
LESOZAVODSK, in Primorsky Krai, regional subordination, regional center 349 km northeast of Vladivostok. Located on the Ussuri lowland, at the intersection of the river. Ussuri (a tributary of the Amur) of the Trans-Siberian Railway. Railway station (Lesozavodsk I) on the line Khabarovsk - Ussuriysk. The population is 45.4 thousand people (1992; 24.1 thousand in 1939; 32.1 thousand in 1959; 38.6 thousand in 1979).
Founded in 1938. In modern Leningrad: a woodworking plant; plants - hydrolysis-yeast, biochemical; furniture factory. To the southeast of L. is the Shmakovka balneological resort (carbonic, hydrocarbonate mineral water.
DALNERECHENSK, in Primorsky Krai, regional subordination, regional center, 412 km north of Vladivostok. Located on the Ussuri lowland, on the river. Bolshaya Ussurka (Ussuri tributary). Within the city there are 3 railway stations (Dalnerechensk-I, Grushevoye, Lazo) on the Vladivostok-Khabarovsk line. The airport. The population is 34.6 thousand people (1992; 5 thousand in 1917; 13.9 thousand in 1939; 25.4 thousand in 1959; 39.5 thousand in 1979).
Founded in 1895 by the Trans-Baikal Cossacks. Since 1917 - the city of Iman (from the former name of the river Bolshaya Ussurka). In 1972 it was renamed D.
The main wealth of the river basin. Bolshaya Ussurka - spruce-broad-leaved and cedar-broad-leaved forests; The timber floated down the river is delivered to woodworking enterprises. In modern Dagestan: 2 woodworking plants, a cooperage plant (produces barrels for the fishing industry); a meat-packing plant, a dairy plant, a bakery, etc. The Museum of the City History (a branch of the Primorsky Joint Museum named after K. I. Arsenyev). Memorial where the border guards who died during the armed conflict on Damansky Island in 1969 are buried.
In May 1920, revolutionaries S. G. Lazo, A. N. Lutsky, and V. M. Sibirtsev perished at the station Murav’-vo-Amurskaya (now Lazo) (they were burned in a locomotive firebox).
BIG STONE, in Primorsky Krai, regional subordination, the center of the Shkotovsky district, 40 km (by sea) east of Vladivostok, on the western coast of the Ussuri Bay of the Sea of Japan. Population 50 thousand people (1993). Founded in 1960 in connection with the construction of ship repair and shipyards. City since 1992. In modern B.K. - shipbuilding, ship repair enterprises, a house-building plant, a fish factory, a bakery, etc.
Distinctive features. Primorsky Krai has a number of features that make it worth coming here at least once in a lifetime. Let not forever, even for a week, for a month. But to get acquainted with this unique land, with its beauties is definitely worth it.
The first feature is nature. On the one hand - the taiga, where there are real wild tigers and bears, deer and squirrels. On the other hand - the blue sea, rich in its gifts.
And all this in Primorye can be seen at the same time! The generous Far Eastern nature offers simple but pleasant entertainment - picking mushrooms, berries and nuts in local forests. And seafood lovers will find a real paradise here: huge Far Eastern crabs, trepangs, mussels, scallops, shrimps, sea urchins, octopuses, sea kale ... Even in Soviet times, when there was a general shortage of food, residents of Vladivostok and Primorye could catch any sea delicacies, whatever they wish.
This is not manna from heaven. These are mollusks brought to the residents of Vladivostok by another typhoon. Photo by Svetlana Laletina
The second feature is the port city of Vladivostok and its environs, where the naval base of the Russian Navy is located. Glorious military traditions are loved and honored here. This is one of the few Russian cities where a naval parade takes place on the last Sunday of August, it would even be more correct to call it a naval show. If you walk around Vladivostok, you will find many monuments related to the fleet and its history.
The third feature is a unique geographical location, which has not only disadvantages, but also its advantages. Despite the fact that there are 9177 km from Vladivostok to Moscow, only some 205 km separate Vladivostok from the border with China. It is very convenient for both tourism and business. Japan is also within easy reach from here, and the countries of Southeast Asia are not so far away, where it is much faster to get from Primorye than from the Russian capital. By the way, even if you do not take into account the gain in time, tours from Vladivostok to Thailand are 20-25% cheaper than from Moscow.
Geographic location. Primorsky Krai is located in the southeastern tip of Russia, in the southern part of the Far Eastern Federal District. From the south and east, its lands are washed by the Sea of Japan. In the north it borders on the Khabarovsk Territory, in the west - on the People's Republic of China. The relief is mountainous, a significant part of the territory is occupied by the Sikhote-Alin ridge.
There are beautiful lakes, caves and waterfalls in the mountains. The largest lake is Khanka, on the border with China. The main river of Primorye is the Ussuri.
The unique nature of Primorsky Krai with rare flora and fauna requires protection from poachers and other vandals. Now in Primorye there are 6 reserves, 3 national parks and one natural park. They are trying to save such endangered species as the Amur tiger and the Far Eastern leopard.
Population. Back in the days of the Russian Empire, Primorye was populated voluntarily-compulsorily. Cossacks were sent here to protect our borders, peasants instead of serving, convicts to serve their sentences. Also, free land was allocated to all wishing settlers. Under the Union, Primorsky Krai began to be populated even faster. Up until 1989, there was a steady increase in both urban and rural populations. And then serious economic problems began near Primorye, and the population began to decrease at the same pace as it had grown before. Now 1,947,263 people live in Primorsky Krai, which roughly corresponds to the level of 1980.
Most Russians live in Primorsky Krai (85.66%). In second place - Ukrainians (2.55%), in third - Koreans (0.96%). In fact, there are much more Ukrainians living here, and they began to come here in large numbers at the end of the 19th century, when regular sea communications were established between Odessa and Vladivostok. And now there are other realities: in Primorye there are many guest workers from Central Asia and the Caucasus, who, it seems, are not going to return home. Relatively recently, another headache has been added: illegal immigrants from China, Vietnam and other Asian states, penetrating into Vladivostok in all possible ways.
Crime. 11th place in the criminal rating of the regions is a very sad indicator, indicating that the crime rate in Primorye is quite high. Despite the fact that Primorye is located in the south of the country, the population here is no less severe than in the Russian North. Wild forests, Ussuri taiga, remoteness from Moscow - all this leaves an imprint on local customs. An important factor in the high level of crime is the difficult economic situation in Primorye. In addition, Vladivostok has its own specifics - a seaport, cargo transshipment, customs - fertile ground for the development of organized crime.
Unemployment rate in Primorye, 6.87% is very high. But the locals have a way to save themselves. For example, a common local business is the transfer of cheap used Japanese cars to the western regions of Russia, where they give completely different money for them. The state is looking for different ways to increase business activity in the region, but so far the situation is far from ideal.
If we talk about official income, then the average salary in Primorye is 27,365 rubles. The highest salaries are in the production of petroleum products (51.6 thousand rubles), in the financial sector (50.6 thousand rubles), in science (38 thousand rubles) and transport (35 thousand rubles).
Real estate value. The average cost of a one-room apartment in the secondary market is from 1.7 million rubles. New one-room apartments are sold for 2.5 million rubles and more. The price of "kopeck pieces" is already much higher, and starts somewhere from 2.5 million rubles for the old housing stock and 3.5 million rubles for new buildings.
Climate. The Primorsky Territory has its own, Far Eastern weather, and it is unlikely to seem familiar to the inhabitant of the European plains. This climate is temperate monsoonal. In summer, here is the realm of typhoons coming from the south, bringing fog, heavy rains and floods. Of course, farming in such conditions is hellish work. In the hottest summer months, the average temperature is +17…+26°C. In winter, the opposite is true. Cold northerly winds bring dry frosty air. Although the average temperature in January is −15°C, the sea is subjectively more frosty. And in the depths of the continent, even a thermometer will clearly show -20 ° and below. As already mentioned, the region is very rainy and the average annual rainfall is 600-900 mm per year. True, most of them fall in the warm season.
Cities of Primorsky Krai
(600 thousand people) - the capital of the Primorsky Territory, our outpost in the Far East and the Pacific Ocean. The city, founded in 1860, spreads out on the shores of the Golden Horn Bay. There is a sea and fishing port, as well as a naval base, thanks to which Vladivostok was a closed city for a long time.
After the collapse of the USSR, an economic crisis set in, as the enterprises of the defense complex were forced to downsize and switch to the production of civilian products, which is not so easy, given the presence of such monsters as Japan and China at hand. If you do not take into account economic problems, then Vladivostok is a beautiful and pleasant city, with its own unique charm.
(165 thousand people) - the second largest city in Primorye. Founded in 1866 by immigrants from Ukraine as the village of Nikolskoe. Now it is a major railway junction, the center of the food industry. Of the problems - crime, infrastructure that needs updating, drunkenness of the population. However, these problems are not only in Usuriysk, but in many Russian cities.
(158,358 people) - the southernmost city in Russia, with a convenient bay, where the port facilities and the oil base are located. The infrastructure is well developed here, and due to the nature of the subtropics, there is a resort and medical base in the vicinity of the city. In particular, the Livadia area is a favorite vacation spot for many residents of the Far East, who find it almost impossible to get to the Black Sea resorts.
Artem(102,451 people) - this city with an amazing name is named after a Russian revolutionary, whose name, oddly enough, was Fedor Sergeev (and “comrade Artem” was his party nickname). It was originally a city of miners. But then all the mines were closed, so the main tasks of the Artemovites remained the maintenance of the Vladivostok airport located here, and the Artemovskaya thermal power plant, which runs on imported coal. Of course, all this turns into environmental problems. To pluses it is possible to add normally developed infrastructure. Shopping centers and entertainment complexes - all this is here in abundance.
The most amazing corner of the Far East and the edge of Russia's geography is Primorye. Where it is and in what part of the country to look for, it is easy to determine by the name of toponyms. Tourists are attracted here - the Ussuri taiga, the non-freezing Sea of Japan and the beautiful creation of the nature of the region - the Far Eastern hills.
Geographical position
The area where Primorye is located is located in the southeastern part of the Pacific coast of the Russian Federation. The functions of the regional city are performed by half a million Vladivostok - an important political center and the main city of the Primorsky Territory of the Far Eastern District.
The proximity of the facility to China, North Korea (DPRK) and the Khabarovsk Territory favors the growth of the economic development of the region. In addition to the mainland of the country, Primorye includes the islands of the Sea of Japan, separated by the Gulf of Peter I - Russian, Reinecke, Popova and others. Primorsky Krai stretches between parallels 42 and 49 s. sh. in the eastern hemisphere of the planet, through which the 132nd and 140th meridians pass.
The side where Primorye is located is hilly and is part of the mountainous region of Sikhote-Alin. Average heights reach marks from 400-1000 m, and the maximum can reach up to 2000 meters. The plain areas are heavily swamped, indented by river valleys and covered with forest vegetation.
Climatic conditions
The seaside climate is temperate monsoonal, the territory is dominated by humidity and strong winds that change direction twice a year. In winter, the region is covered by the Asian High with little precipitation, severe frosts and minimal snow cover.
Northwest winds bring January temperatures down to -32 °С. Summer is characterized by high cloudiness, prolonged fogs and heavy rains. During the year, the territory receives up to 900 mm of precipitation. The first months are cool with indicators up to 15 ° C, more reminiscent of spring. The warmest is August with a temperature of 20 ° C, on average. Primorye is where the strength of the south wind is twice that of the north. Here the best time of the year is autumn, and there are more clear days in winter than in summer.
Flora of Primorsky Krai
Most of the territory is occupied by low mountains with rounded peaks, called hills in this region. They are covered with mixed forests of the Ussuri taiga. This is one of the richest forest areas of the great country. This is a real jungle of the Northern Hemisphere, where the multi-layered nature is the main reason for the evergreen taiga. Korean cedar, Mongolian oak, Manchurian walnut or Amur philodendron, eleutherococcus, lemongrass and ginseng. Primorye fascinates with such views. Where else in Russia can you see such representatives of the plant world in the wild? Mushrooms, berries grow here, and the number of medicinal herbs growing in Primorye exceeds many other regions of the country.
Animal world of Primorye
The uniqueness of the fauna of the region lies in the amazing combination of representatives of the southern and northern regions. The main part of the varieties of birds in Russia is located in the Primorsky Territory. Rare and endangered species, migratory and settled representatives, find a cozy corner in the region. Golden eagles, eagles, ducks, geese, herons and swans fly here.
Red deer, wild boars, elks, Himalayan bears, lynxes and leopards live in the taiga. Forest cats, Nepalese martens, sables, otters and minks, Amur tigers, badgers and red wolves are protected in the protected areas. On the territory of the Ussuri taiga, 4 reserves have been created, which protect and increase the flora and fauna of the region.
History reference
The first settlements on the territory of the object date back to the Paleolithic era. The tribes of hunters and fishermen settled here. Primorye is the birthplace of the medieval states Parhe, Jin and Liao.
Among the list of regions of Russia in terms of area, modern Primorsky Krai is in 22nd place. But about 100 years ago, the territory of the modern region was designated as the South Ussuri Territory, which was poorly studied and sparsely populated. The migration flows to the Far Eastern expanses were affected by the abolition of serfdom in 1861, the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway and the Ussuri railway. In search of free and fertile lands, former serfs and retired Cossacks became the main stratum of the population of modern Primorye. The international importance of Vladivostok has grown as a major Pacific port of Russia and the largest settlement in the region.
In the 30s of the 20th century, there was a demographic “cleansing” in Primorye as well. Representatives of Chinese and Korean nationality were forcibly evicted from here. In wartime, the fate of the industrial supplier and agricultural breadwinner of the Motherland fell on the shoulders of the region. The official date of formation of Primorye is October 20, 1938, when the vast Far Eastern Territory was divided into Primorsky and Khabarovsk.
Region population
Remoteness from the Central regions, proximity to foreign countries influenced the diversity of the national composition of the population in Primorye, where this is recorded in the statistical data of the region. In terms of population, 11 nationalities are in the lead in the territory. The troika is headed by Russians, about 2 million people live on their territory. Silver belongs to representatives of the Ukrainian diaspora - more than 90 thousand people, and bronze belongs to the Koreans - there are 17 thousand of them. In addition to these representatives, Tatars, Belarusians, Chinese, Chuvashs and other nationalities live in the territory where Primorye of the Far East is located.
At the end of the 20th century, immigration flows poured into the territory of the region from neighboring and nearby states. Today, on the streets of Vladivostok, Nakhodka or Ussuriysk, you can meet representatives of China, Vietnam or North Korea. The main occupation for immigrants from these states was construction, trade and education.
The average life expectancy for women is much higher than for men and is 71.7 years, and for the strong half - 59.8 years. The population of the region is rapidly aging, which leads to the process of depopulation.
The working population is 70.1% and the unemployment rate reaches 6%. According to the statistics of 2017, out of 1,923,116 people living in the region, there are 921,063 males and 1,002,053 females. Most of the population lives in cities and is about 1,500,000 people. One third of the population lives in rural areas.
How to get to Primorye?
To get to the land of the Far Eastern hills, a tourist from Moscow to Vladivostok will have to overcome 9259 km by rail and spend more than 6 days on the trip. Of course, a branded train with comfortable conditions for passengers overcomes such a long distance. You can speed up your stay on the road by taking an airplane flight from the capital, spending a little more than 8 hours of flight.
It is also easy to get to Primorye from St. Petersburg. Where it can be seen from the flight schedule in this direction. Direct flights are operated by Ural Airlines, and with a transfer in Moscow or Novosibirsk, Aeroflot companies operate.
Tourist Opportunities
Despite such a huge remoteness, Primorye does not require an advertising description. Its famous wealth of the Ussuri taiga is unique and immense. This is a treasure trove for hunters. The routes are laid by the lands very different, there are also extreme trails.
The beauty of the sea coast of the region is simply mesmerizing - these are sandy beaches, indented coasts, numerous bays and wide bays. Tourists are attracted by the emerald islands, ports, protected areas and recreation centers.
Sometimes, it would seem, the simplest question leads a person to a dead end. How to answer the question, where is Primorsk? Let's think logically, judging by the name, it should be located by the sea. The next question is which sea: Black, Baltic, White, Barents, Caspian, Azov? And if we talk about the Krasnodar Territory, then we know for sure that it is in it that almost the entire Russian coast of the Black Sea is located. But in this region there is no city of Primorsk.
How many cities named Primorsk
The fact is that in Russia there are several cities with this name, let's consider the most significant and famous. They are located far from the Krasnodar Territory. So, where is Primorsk? One on the territory of the Leningrad region, the other - in the Kaliningrad region. There is another Primorsk near the Krasnodar Territory. It is located in neighboring Ukraine, in the Zaporozhye region, and is located next to the coast of Azov. On the same sea in the Krasnodar Territory there is a city with a similar name - Primorsko-Akhtarsk.
These cities are interesting in their own way and have their own history. Their inhabitants sometimes go for treatment or recreation to the resorts and health resorts of the Krasnodar Territory. To answer the question of where Primorsk is located in full, let's get acquainted with each city separately and find out where they are located.
Leningrad region
Where is Primorsk located in Leningrad Oblast? Located in the Vyborgsky district. Until 1948, it was called Koivisto, which means birch in Finnish. Even earlier it was called Birch Island, and this name sounded in Swedish Björke. The earliest name of the city is Russian - Berezovy. It is located on From it to Vyborg - 48, and to St. Petersburg - 75 kilometers.
The town of Primorsk is small, the population is 5739 people, cozy and clean. Life in it flows calmly and measuredly. The city has a long and interesting history. Once it was conquered by the Swedes, in 1719 the Russian Emperor Peter I returned it and the city of Vyborg, they became part of Russia. In 1812, after the last Russian-Swedish war, Finland was ceded to the Russian Empire. The Vyborg province, which included Primorsk, was transferred to the Grand Duchy of Finland, which was part of the empire.
In 1920, Finland gained independence and, together with the territory of the Vyborg province, seceded from Russia. In 1940, after the end of the Finnish War, these territories were returned to the USSR. In 1941-1944 they were under Finnish occupation. In 1944, the territory of the Vyborg district with the city of Koivisto was transferred to the USSR. In 1948 the city received a new name Primorsk.
Its significance in the economy of the Leningrad region is great. It is here that the oil pipe ends, and the further movement of oil and its products goes by sea. This city has the largest oil loading port. Most of the city's population is associated with the work of this port.
Kaliningrad region
City of Primorsk. Where is another city with the same name in Russia? On the territory of Kaliningrad is a small town (PGT) with a population of 1960 people. Refers to the Baltic municipal distance from Kaliningrad 37 kilometers. Founded in 1268. Until 1946 it was called Fischhausen, which means "fish house" in German.
The city of Primorsk is washed by the waters of the Baltic Sea. The railway branch Kaliningrad - Baltiysk passes through it. The city has its own sights, such as the ruins of an old castle, an old observation tower, which was built by the Germans.
Ukraine. Zaporozhye region
There is a city with the same name in Ukraine, not far from the Krasnodar Territory. Where is Primorsk located? Just 2 km from Azov, in the Zaporozhye region, on the banks of the Obitochnaya River. The population of the town is 12860 people.
Previously, there were Nogai settlements in these places, the first mention of them dates back to 1770. Until 1964 the city was called Nogaysk. Today it is a small resort town. Since the Soviet era, children's health camps, the Primorskaya tourist base, and recreation centers have been preserved here. Highway Odessa - Rostov-on-Don passes through the town. There is no railroad.
Krasnodar region
We found out that there is no city with that name in the Krasnodar Territory. There is another city called Primorsko-Akhtarsk. It is the regional administrative center of Primorsko-Akhtar, located on the Azov-Kuban plain, on the very shore of Azov. The distance to Krasnodar is 151 kilometers. The highway connects it with all the cities of the region, there is a bus station, the railway station is called "Akhtari".
Primorsko-Akhtarsk is a city of fishermen. Fish are grown, caught and processed here. It has a well developed infrastructure. There is also a lot in it. In this resort town you can find inexpensive housing, many private hotels, guest houses, campsites. The Sea of Azov is shallow, clean and warm here, which attracts lovers of family vacations.
