Every year, on May 9, a holiday is celebrated - Victory Day in the Great Patriotic War against the Nazi invaders.

We owe our freedom to the wars, to the heroes who shed their blood, and to all our people who stood up to defend their Fatherland.

Years go by, but we have no right to forget our heritage. Monuments are of great importance for the preservation of historical events and their heroes for many years.

Monument Motherland is calling.

For example, an outstanding monument dedicated to the struggle of our people against fascism - "Motherland - Mother Calls" (Volgograd, Mamaev Kurgan).

On the pedestal is a statue of a woman. In her hand is a sword. It is directed upward and forward. Turning back, with the other hand she calls for her sons to follow her.

Despite the large size of the statue (the figure is 52 meters, the length of the sword is 33 meters), there is a sense of swiftness and ease in movement. The image is convincing.

The amazing story of the creation of the Alyosha monument in the Bulgarian city of Plovdiv.

The monument is dedicated to Soviet soldiers - liberators.

Its prototype was a Russian soldier, Siberian Alexei Ivanovich Skurlatov.

In August 1941 he was drafted into the army. He was 19 years old. At first

He served in artillery reconnaissance, then, due to a wound, he became a signalman.

In the autumn of 1944, when Soviet troops entered Bulgaria, he was laying a connection from Sofia to Plovdiv.

The Bulgarian people welcomed the Soviet soldiers cordially.

Aleksey made friends with Sh.Vitanov, a member of the Bulgarian resistance, and gave him his photograph, and he gave his photo to the local sculptor V. Rodoslavov. The photograph was used when working on the monument (1954-1957).

The monument is erected on Bunardzhik hill in Plovdiv "The Hill of the Liberators".

On a 6-meter pedestal stands an 11.5-meter figure of a soldier, you feel strength, calmness and inner purity. No bravado.

Bulgarians love "Alyosha" and try to protect against attempts to demolish the monument by some politicians who like to remake history.

They are irritated by historical truth. Indeed, on the pedestal there are bas-reliefs: “The Soviet army beats the enemy”, and “The people meet the Soviet wars”.

But the story goes on.

In 1966, the poet Vanshenkin and the composer Kolmanovsky wrote their famous song "Alyosha", and it contains the words: "Alyosha is standing over the mountain - a Russian soldier in Bulgaria."

A few years later, by chance, this song was heard in Altai, where Alexei Ivanovich lived and worked after the war. He remembered that he was there too.”

It turns out that the soldier has been wanted all over the country for a long time.

After a thorough check, it was officially confirmed that he was the prototype of Alyosha.

Aleksey Ivanovich lived for 91 years, both fought and worked, with full dedication of strength.

Recently, a new patriotic movement has arisen - the Immortal Regiment.

On Victory Day, demonstrators carry with them portraits of their relatives who took part in the Great Patriotic War, both at the front and in the rear.

In conclusion - the poem "The Immortal Regiment".

Immortal Regiment

Dedicated to the participants of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945).

For a long time those battles rumbled,

The soldiers fell

For the motherland, freedom,

Otherwise they could not.

Many of them failed

Even at your wedding to take a walk,

And destined in mortal battles

at the cost of life

Defend your native land.

Motherland will never forget you.

For all time "Immortal Regiment"

It will be a living monument to you!

And every year, in the spring,

When the victorious May comes

Together with us across the country

"Immortal Regiment" will pass...

May 2017. Rybalkina M.S.

Monuments to soldiers of the Great Patriotic War

National Memorial of Military Glory

According to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1297 dated November 17, 2009, the memorial architectural ensemble of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier was given the status of a National Memorial of Military Glory and it is included in the State Code of Especially Valuable Objects of Cultural Heritage of the Peoples of the Russian Federation

Unkown soldiers grave

The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is a memorial architectural ensemble in Moscow, in the Alexander Garden, near the walls of the Kremlin.

On December 3, 1966, in commemoration of the 25th anniversary of the defeat of German troops near Moscow, the ashes of the unknown soldier were transferred from the mass grave at the 41st kilometer of the Leningrad Highway (at the entrance to the city of Zelenograd) and solemnly buried in the Alexander Garden.

On May 8, 1967, a memorial architectural ensemble " Unkown soldiers grave", designed by architects D. I. Burdin, V. A. Klimov, Yu. R. Rabaev and sculptor N. V. Tomsky. The Eternal Flame was lit on the grave by L.I. Brezhnev, who accepted the torch from the Hero of the Soviet Union A.P. Maresyev. A bronze composition is installed on the tombstone - a soldier's helmet and a laurel branch lying on a battle banner. In the center of the memorial there is a niche with the inscription - “Your name is unknown, your feat is immortal” (offered by S. V. Mikhalkov) from labradorite with a bronze five-pointed star in center, in the middle of which burns the Eternal Flame of Glory.

To the left of the grave there is a wall made of crimson quartzite with the inscription: "1941 TO THE FALL FOR THE HOMELAND 1945"; on the right - a granite alley with blocks of dark red porphyry, which contain capsules with the earth of hero cities: "Stalingrad" (from Mamaev Kurgan) - until September 2004, the inscription read "Volgograd", "Leningrad" (from the Piskarevsky cemetery), " Kerch (from the defense lines), Kyiv (from the foot of the Obelisk to the participants in the defense of the city), Minsk (from the defense lines), Novorossiysk (from the defense lines), Odessa (from the defense lines), Sevastopol (from Malakhov Kurgan), "Tula" (from the defense lines), "Brest Fortress" (from the foot of the walls).

On December 12, 1997, in accordance with the Decree of the President of Russia, post No. 1 of the guard of honor was transferred from the Lenin Mausoleum to the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. The guard is carried out by the military personnel of the Presidential Regiment. The changing of the guard takes place every hour. In connection with the work on the creation of the National Memorial of Military Glory, the guard of honor was not exhibited from December 16, 2009 to February 19, 2010. Also, wreath and flower laying ceremonies at the memorial were suspended for this period. On December 27, 2009, with military honors, temporarily for the period of reconstruction, the Eternal Flame was moved to Poklonnaya Hill in Victory Park.

On Defender of the Fatherland Day, February 23, 2010, the Eternal Flame was returned to the Kremlin wall.

A new element has appeared in the National Memorial of Military Glory for the 65th anniversary of the Great Victory - a stele in honor of the cities of military glory, which is installed next to the alley of hero cities, near the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.

On the days of remembrance dedicated to the Great Patriotic War, statesmen, veterans, delegations, heads of foreign states and governments lay wreaths and flowers at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.

Eternal flame of memory and glory

Eternal flame- a constantly burning fire, symbolizing the eternal memory of something or someone. Continuous combustion is achieved by supplying gas to a certain place where a spark occurs. Usually included in the memorial complex. The first Eternal Flame in the USSR was lit at the monument to the fallen heroes near the village of Pervomaisky, Shchekinsky district, Tula region, on May 9, 1957. In many cities of the former Soviet Union, the Eternal Flame burns in memory of those who died in the Great Patriotic War.

Three Eternal Flames burn in Moscow: on Tomb of the unknown soldier, on the Poklonnaya Hill, on the Transfiguration Cemetery.

Eternal Flame on Poklonnaya Hill

A frame from the NTV channel On April 30, 2010, the second Eternal Flame was lit on Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow. It was decided to light a fire on Poklonnaya Hill at the request of the Council of Veterans of the city of Moscow. From December 2009 to February 2010, there was a flame here, transferred from the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier during the reconstruction of the memorial complex near the Kremlin walls. Later, the fire was returned to its historical place. In addition, near the Eternal Flame on Poklonnaya Hill, it was decided to create a kind of Post No. 1 for students of cadet corps. Ten times a year, during the days of military glory and major public holidays, young guys will keep watch here. The torch, lit at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in the Alexander Garden, was transferred with honors to the memorial on Poklonnaya Hill. Honorary citizen of Moscow, participant in the battle for Moscow, chairman of the Moscow Council of War, Labor and Law Enforcement Veterans Vladimir Dolgikh, Hero of Russia Colonel Vyacheslav Sivko, member of the Moscow children's public organization "Commonwealth" Nikolai Zimogorov were honored to light a new "hearth of memory". Moscow Mayor Yuri Luzhkov, who took part in the ceremony, said that the new Eternal Flame would in no way compete with the memorial near the Kremlin wall. On the contrary, they will complement each other.

Eternal flame at the Transfiguration Cemetery

On April 30, 2010, at the military memorial necropolis of the Preobrazhensky cemetery, a solemn ceremony of lighting the third Fire of Memory in Moscow took place. A torch with a particle of the main Eternal Flame of the country at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in the Alexander Garden arrived at the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery after lighting the Fire of Memory and Glory on Poklonnaya Hill.

The eternal flame at the Preobrazhensky cemetery was lit because it was the first and only one in Moscow - it was brought here in 1956 from Leningrad, from the Field of Mars. It burned until the pipes wore out. The fire was lit only on holidays.

Preobrazhensky necropolis - the largest memorial of military memory in Moscow. Soldiers who died of wounds in Moscow hospitals during the Great Patriotic War are buried here. Some burials were individual, some were fraternal. 10678 people are buried here. Some mass graves contain up to 20 graves. The nameless are getting smaller. Without tablets, only the graves of 43 fighters. In addition to mass graves, the cemetery has the graves of 41 Heroes of the Soviet Union, 3 Heroes of Russia and 3 full holders of the Order of Glory.

Obelisk in commemoration of conferring an honorary title on Moscow - " Hero City»

Obelisk in commemoration of conferring the honorary title on Moscow - Hero City - The Motherland highly appreciated the contribution of Muscovites to the defeat of the enemy: hundreds of thousands of Muscovites were awarded orders and medals, more than 800 of them were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, over 800 thousand people were awarded the medal "For Valiant work in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.” By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 8, 1965, Moscow was awarded an honorary the title of "Hero City" with the award of the Order of Lenin and the medal "Gold Star".

In commemoration of the honorary title of "Hero City" awarded to Moscow, a 40-meter "Obelisk" was erected in the park at the fork of Kutuzovsky Prospekt and Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya Street. The "Obelisk" was opened on May 9, 1977. The authors of the monument are architects G. Zakharov, Z. Chernysheva, sculptor A. Shcherbakov.

Lined with gray hewn granite, the Obelisk ends with a five-pointed gold star. On the facade of the monument is the text of the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR "On conferring the city of Moscow with the honorary title of "Hero City", made of overlaid gilded bronze letters. Above the text is a cast in bronze and gilded bas-relief order of Lenin. Three 4-meter granite figures - a warrior , worker and female workers - flank and close the obelisk, trapezoidal in plan. Each figure is located on its pedestal. The whole structure is raised on a turf hill with a bypass platform, to which three granite stairs lead. The monument expresses the unity of the front and rear, the greatness and heroism of the glorious defenders of Moscow, who defended the capital of the Soviet state from enemy invasion.

Monument to the Defenders of the Russian Land

"View photo" The monument "To the Defenders of the Russian Land" was opened in 1998 at the intersection of Kutuzovsky Prospekt and Minskaya Street. Sculptor A. Bichugov.

The monument embodies the continuity of generations of defenders of the Motherland: a warrior of Ancient Russia with a sword in his hands, a soldier of the Patriotic War with Napoleon and a hero of the Great Patriotic War. The monument is the Stele of the 1st Guards Moscow-Minsk Motorized Rifle Division The monument was erected in 1976 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the creation of the division and her exploits in the Great Patriotic War. It is located on the Square of the Moscow-Minsk division (crossing of Malaya Filevskaya and Minskskaya streets), Minskaya, 13. Architect O.K. Gurulev, artist-architect S.I. Smirnov, sculptor I.P. Kazansky. On the monument there is an inscription "Area of ​​the MOSCOW-MINSK DIVISION". Below it are bas-reliefs of the orders that the division was awarded: Lenin, the Red Banner, Suvorov, Kutuzov, and the badge of the guards. The inscriptions are carved below: “The square of the Moscow-Minsk division was named in 1976 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the formation of the 1st guards proletarian Moscow-Minsk division and its military exploits in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.” "The stele was installed by the chiefs of the Metrostroy."

Memorial Complex of Victory on Poklonnaya Hill

Victory Park (in Moscow) - a memorial complex of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. in the west of Moscow. The memorial complex was opened on May 9, 1995 on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Great Victory. Victory Park is bounded from the north by Kutuzovsky Prospekt, from the west by Minskaya Street, from the east by General Yermolov Street, from the south by Brothers Fonchenko Street and residential buildings located near the Moscow-Sortirovochnaya station of the Kyiv direction of the Moscow Railway. Poklonnaya Gora is located in the eastern part of the memorial complex, not far from it is the Moscow metro station Pobedy Park .

History of Victory Park. For the first time, it was proposed to build a monument to a national feat as early as 1942 (architect Ya. Chernihovsky). But it was not possible to implement it in wartime conditions. On February 23, 1958, a memorial granite sign was erected on Poklonnaya Hill with the inscription: “A monument to the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 will be erected here.” At the same time, trees were planted around, a park was laid, which was named after the Victory. In the 1970s and 1980s, 194 million rubles were collected from subbotniks and personal contributions from citizens for the construction of a monumental monument. In the future, funds were allocated by the state and the government of Moscow. A plot of land of 135 hectares was allocated for the entire complex. In the 90s, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Victory, the Victory Memorial Complex was built, opened on May 9, 1995.

Main alley "Years of war"

The main alley "Years of War", located between Victory Square and the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War, consists of five terraces, symbolizing the five years of the war. 1418 fountains were erected over five water surfaces - so many days the war continued and blood flowed. In the center of the square is a 141.8-meter-high stele crowned with the goddess of victory Nike. At the foot of the obelisk, on a granite podium, there is a statue of St. George the Victorious, who strikes a snake with a spear - a symbol of the victory of good over evil.

Victory Monument - an obelisk on Pobediteley Square in Victory Park on Poklonnaya Gora

Project architect - Zurab Tsereteli, design and calculation - TsNIIPSK, under the leadership of B.V. Ostroumov. An obelisk made of extra strong steel weighing 1000 tons and 141.8 meters high (10 centimeters for each day of the war), covered with bronze bas-reliefs. At a height of 122 meters, a 25-ton bronze figure of the goddess of victory Nike is attached to the stele. At the foot of the obelisk on a granite podium is a statue of George the Victorious slaying a dragon with a spear. The Victory Monument was opened on May 9, 1995 as part of the Victory Memorial Complex.

Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War

The main object of the complex is the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War, founded in 1993 on the initiative of veterans of the Great Patriotic War. It was opened on May 9, 1995 during the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Victory. The museum building was designed by a group of architects headed by A.T. Polyansky. The general fund of the museum is 50 collections with a volume of more than 50 thousand items.

In front of the museum is Pobediteley Square, to which the central alley of Victory Park leads from Kutuzovsky Prospekt. In the museum building there is the Hall of Memory, in which there are Books of Memory in special showcases - 385 volumes, in which the names of people who died in the war are inscribed; Hall of Fame, six dioramas dedicated to the main events of the war. The museum funds contain authentic items of weapons and military equipment, numismatics, philately and philocart, household items, a large number of handwritten documentary and photographic materials, fine art materials telling about the Great Patriotic War, the joint struggle of the countries of the anti-Hitler coalition against Germany and its allies. The museum houses the Banner of Victory, hoisted on April 30, 1945 over the Reichstag in Berlin. Exposition of the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.

Hall of Remembrance

Hall of Remembrance on the ground floor. There is a sculptural group of Lev Kerbel "Weeping Mother" based on the motive of Michelangelo's "Pieta". Monument to the victims of the Great Patriotic War. The woman, bending in sorrow over the defeated warrior, is both the mother mourning her son, and the brother's sister, and the husband's wife. This is the face of sadness, morning-you, grief, always experienced in its own way. But sculpture also has a common meaning for all. Five hundred years ago, Michelangelo sculpted Pieta from marble - "Christ, taken from the crucifix, is stretched out on the lap of the Mother of God mourning him." This plot is old, Christian, so the sculpture takes on a new meaning. The fallen warrior is mourned by the Mother of God, and he is like Christ, who sacrificed himself to save people. But that's not all. In the teachings of Orthodoxy, Russia, Russia is the house of the Virgin. Hence the well-known concept - Motherland. She mourns for her Savior. In Russian icon painting there is a plot similar to drinking - the Assumption. The apostles and saints on earth mourn the Mother of God; appeared in the radiance of Glory, Christ takes her soul, in the form of a swaddled baby, to heaven. Along the walls in the Hall of Remembrance there are glass cabinets that contain 385 volumes of the Book of Memory with a list of all those who died in the battles for the Motherland and went missing. Information about each of them can also be obtained using the e-book of Memory. The military-historical exposition is located around the entire perimeter of the building. The central relic is a table from the 1945 Yalta Conference at which Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill met.

Hall of Fame

The main one in the Pantheon of Victory Park is the Hall of Fame. At the top of the dome of the Hall of Fame is the Order of Victory. The Hall of Fame is decorated with the sculpture "Soldier - the winner", the author of which is the sculptor V. Znoba. There are 6 dioramas in the hall, created by famous masters of the Studio of Military Artists. M.B. Grekova: “The counteroffensive of the Soviet troops near Moscow in December 1941”, “Connection of fronts. Stalingrad", "Siege of Leningrad", "Kursk Bulge", "Forcing the Dnieper", "Storming Berlin". On the marble walls of the hall, 11,717 names of war veterans awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, the highest award in the Great Patriotic War, are carved.

Monument "Spirit of the Elbe"

Bow mountain. Monument "Spirit of the Elbe". Dedicated to the meeting of allied troops on the Elbe River in April 1945. Installed in 1995 by the Park Pobedy metro station. Views Photo Sights of Moscow. The monument was opened in 1995 in the western part of Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill. Address: Poklonnaya Gora, Victory Park, Park Pobedy metro station. The Spirit of the Elbe monument is dedicated to the meeting of the Allied Forces on the Elbe River in April 1945.

Monument to the Missing

In the mighty sculpture "Missing", standing on the alley of tankmen, there is acute pain and suffering in the form of a wounded soldier, and in our hearts - bitterness and sadness, because feat and death always go side by side. This monument perfectly conveys the suffering of soldiers in the war. These heroes, even heroes, because no one recognizes their names will not see their faces at the victory parades. The sculptor K. Sokolovsky conveyed all this in his creation in the best possible way. The monument to the "Missing" was opened in 1995.

Monument "Tragedy of peoples"

Monument "Tragedy of Peoples" - a monument to the prisoners of Nazi concentration camps, established in 1997. Sculptor - Zurab Tsereteli. The height of the monument is 8 m. It was originally located on Victory Square.

Monument to the Soldiers of the countries participating in the anti-Hitler coalition

The monument to the Soldiers of the countries participating in the anti-Hitler coalition was solemnly opened on May 9, 2005 on Partizan Alley. The author is Mikhail Pereyaslavets. A 20-meter white marble stele topped with the emblem of the United Nations (UN) is located in the center of the Alley of Partisans, one of the most beautiful alleys of Victory Park. At the foot of the stele is a pedestal on which four bronze figures of soldiers of the USSR, the USA, Great Britain and France rise.

Monument to the Spaniards-volunteers who fought in the ranks of the Red Army and died in the fight against fascism during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. The monument was erected in 2001 in the western part of Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill. Architect A. Miche. Engineer S. I. Vorontsov.

Exhibition of military equipment

File: Voorug pgm.JPG A unique exhibition of military equipment and engineering and fortifications has been launched in the open-air Victory Park. More than 300 samples of heavy equipment of the USSR and its allies, Germany and its allies, who took part in the battles, are presented here.

See also: Official website: http://www.poklonnayagora.ru/

Monument to the soldiers of the Moscow air defense on the Sky Defenders Square in Krylatskoye

Erected in 1995. The authors of the monument, sculptor L. E. Kerbel and architect E. G. Rozanov, immortalized the feat of all air defense heroes: pilots and sky scouts, anti-aircraft gunners, fighters of balloon barriers. The monument is an expressive and laconic composition: in front is the figure of the Motherland with a baby in her arms, saving our future. As a historical background of the ongoing event, at a distance, 13 meters from this statue, a screen of metal structures in the form of a stylized radar installation with bronze high reliefs rises, on it are genuine wartime anti-aircraft guns with episodes of the heroic defense of the Moscow sky. Here is an air battle in which our fighter plane defeated a fascist vulture. Here are girls in military uniform carrying a balloon along the embankment. All these are pictures of the war years. And on the reverse side of the screen are inscribed the names of the air defense units that defended Moscow from fascist aviation.

Monument to the Fallen (Heroes - Defenders of the Motherland) at the cinema "Brest". Address: st. Yartsevskaya, 21. Sculptor Alexander Burganov.

A memorial sign to the underground workers of the Young Guard. Installed in the park near the church at the intersection of Molodogvardeyskaya and Yartsevskaya streets.

Molodogvardeyskaya Street is named in memory of the underground heroes of Krasnodon and their immortal feat during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.

monuments who died in the Great Patriotic War on the territories of the enterprises of the Western District

Monument to those who died during the Great Patriotic War, workers of the Nogin factory. Installed in the factory. Address: Vitebskaya street, possession 9. The factory was transferred to the Southern Administrative District in 2003. Representative offices of various companies are located on the territory of the former factory.

Monument to those who died during the Great Patriotic War, MRTZ workers. Installed on the territory of MRTZ. Address: st. Vereiskaya, 29.

The monument to the workers of VILSA who died during the Great Patriotic War was opened in 1964. Address: Mozhaysky district of Moscow, st. Gorbunova, d. 2.

Monument to the workers of the Rublevskaya waterworks who did not return from the battlefields during the Great Patriotic War. Installed on the territory of the Rublevskaya waterworks. Architect Podstavkin P.K.

Memorial to the fallen and those who died from wounds in the Great Patriotic War at the Kuntsevo cemetery

Memorial on the mass grave of soldiers who died in the Great Patriotic War and died of wounds. Installed on the initiative of the enterprises of the Kuntsevsky district at the Kuntsevsky cemetery in honor of the 30th anniversary of the Victory in 1975. An eternal flame burns on the memorial. Address: Kuntsevo cemetery (Ryabinovaya st.)

Memorial plaques to the heroes of the Great Patriotic War

Memorial plaque on Artamonov Street, houses No. 3 and No. 20, named in 1961 in honor of the Hero of the Soviet Union Alexei Alekseevich Artamonov. School students, working on the project "Names of Heroes - to the Streets of the Western District", found a mistake in the name of the hero on the memorial plaque at houses No. 3 and No. 20 on Artamonov Street, with which they turned to the district council. The head of the council, Stolpovsky Anatoly Alekseevich, supported the initiative: it was decided to eliminate the inaccuracy, and the installation of a new plaque in memory of Hero A.A. Artamonov to coincide with the Victory Day. May 9, 2007 new board. The opening ceremony was attended by relatives of the hero - the wife of his son T.I. Artamonova, granddaughter Elena Vyacheslavovna and great-grandson Vasily.

A memorial plaque on Botylev Street in Rublevo is installed on the building of the former school No. 580, where the military unit that defended Moscow was formed. The street is named after the Hero of the Soviet Union Vasily Andreyevich Botylev.

Memorial plaque on Bogdanov Street, 50, named after the Marshal of the Armored Forces Bogdanov Semyon Ilyich.

A memorial plaque on Bolshaya Ochakovskaya Street, 33 commemorates the Hero of the Soviet Union, partisan Elena Fedorovna Kolesova.

Memorial plaque on Vatutin street, house number 1, named after the Hero of the Soviet Union Vatutin Nikolai Fedorovich.

Memorial plaque on Klochkov Street, named after the Hero of the Soviet Union Vasily Georgievich Klochkov.

Memorial plaque on Natasha Kovshova Street, house number 5/2, named after the Hero of the Soviet Union, Red Army sniper Natalya Venediktovna Kovshova.

Memorial plaque on Matrosov Street, house number 1, named after the Red Army soldier, Hero of the Soviet Union Alexander Matrosov Matrosov.

Memorial plaque on Marshal Nedelin Street, house 40, named after the Hero of the Soviet Union, Chief Marshal of Artillery Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin in 1961.

Memorial plaque on Pivchenkova Street, house number 10, named after the Hero of the Soviet Union Vladimir Timofeevich Pivchenkov in 1961.

Memorial plaque on Polosukhina street, house number 4, bldg. 1 named in 1966 in honor of V.I. Polosukhin, commander of the 32nd Infantry Division, famous in the battles near Mozhaisk.

Memorial plaque on Rashchupkina street, house number 25, named after the tankman, Hero of the Soviet Union, Andrei Ivanovich Rashchupkin, who lived in this house before the war.

Memorial plaque on Aleksey Sviridov street, house number 1, named after the hero of the Soviet Union Aleksey Andreevich Sviridov in 1965.

Memorial plaque on Tolbukhin street, house 8, named after Marshal - Hero of the Soviet Union Fedor Ivanovich Tolbukhin.

In the Moscow region, there are about three thousand monuments and monuments dedicated to the battles of the Great Patriotic War. Some are famous all over the world, others, small, but personifying significant events, are not known even to local residents. On the eve of the Victory Day, we have selected for you several places with an unusual history.

"Feat 28"

Olga Razgulyaeva / Moscow region today

The memorial complex in Dubosekovo was created in May 1975, on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the Victory. On the commemorative plate is carved: "Defending Moscow in the harsh days of November 1941, at this turn in a fierce battle with the fascist invaders, 28 Panfilov heroes fought to the death and defeated." Six ten-meter figures personify representatives of six nationalities who fought here.

According to the official version, when the German offensive began on Moscow, 28 soldiers from the personnel of the 4th company of the 2nd battalion of the 1075th rifle regiment, led by political instructor Klochkov, defended the junction near the village of Dubosekovo. During the four-hour battle, they destroyed 18 enemy tanks, while all were killed. Historians note a host of inconsistencies in this story; many are sure that there were more fighters, and that not all of them died. However, to this day, the story of the 28 Panfilovites remains one of the most famous stories about the war.

By the way, the famous phrase “Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat - behind Moscow” is attributed precisely to political instructor Klochkov.

"Peremilovskaya height"

Wilberus/Wikimedia.org

This place within the boundaries of modern Yakhroma received its current name in 1941. The Germans had no doubt that they would easily take this line, because the famous 7th Panzer Division, which immediately captured Paris, was on the offensive. Our soldiers had almost nothing to fight back: the company holding the defense along the western outskirts of Yakhroma did not even have hand grenades in its arsenal. The Germans captured the city, crossed the channel to them. Moscow, entrenched on its eastern shore and rushed to Peremilovo. Soldiers of the 3rd Battalion of the 29th Infantry Brigade, led by Lieutenant Lermontov, stood in their way. A fierce battle broke out: German tanks, accompanied by infantry on one side, and a handful of soldiers with two guns on the other.

At that time, the commander of the First Shock Army, Lieutenant General Kuznetsov, was in Dmitrov. At his disposal were only a rifle brigade, one armored train, a Dmitrovsky construction battalion and a Katyusha division with one ammunition load. With this stock and decided to go to the rescue. The first battle did not bring results, but on the morning of November 29, under the cover of darkness, Soviet soldiers broke into the village. The enemy, having lost several dozen soldiers from the 14th Motorized Division and 20 tanks of the 7th Panzer Division, retreated in disarray to the western bank of the canal. There was no more chance of a swift attack on Moscow from the north.

In 1966, in the year of the 25th anniversary of the Battle of Moscow, a bronze monument was erected at the Peremilov height. And later, the poet Robert Rozhdestvensky, at the request of the residents of Yakhrom, wrote a six-line poem, the lines of which are now carved on a granite pedestal:

Remember:
From this threshold
In an avalanche of smoke, blood and adversity,
Here in the forty-first the road began
In victorious
Forty-fifth year.

Monument to Podolsk cadets

wikipedia.org

It was erected in honor of the feat of the commanders and cadets of the military schools of Podolsk, who, together with the 43rd Army, defended the southwestern approaches to Moscow.

In 1939-1940, artillery and infantry schools were established in Podolsk. Before the start of the war, more than three thousand cadets studied there. On October 5, 1941, almost two thousand cadets of the artillery and one and a half thousand cadets of the infantry school were alerted and sent to the defense of Maloyaroslavets. For several days they held back the advance of the Germans, which were many times superior in strength. On October thirteenth, enemy tanks approached with red flags, but the deception was discovered, and the attack was repelled. Soon, German troops captured the defensive lines at the Ilyinsky combat site, and almost all the cadets who held the defense there were killed. Only on October 25, the rest were taken from the battlefield and sent on foot to complete their studies in Ivanovo. By that time, almost 2.5 thousand people had died.

Tank T-34 in Kalinovo

Tomcat / pomnivoinu.ru

A memorial in the Serpukhov region was erected in memory of the tanker Dmitry Lavrinenko and his crew. After the battles near Mtsensk, the 4th tank brigade was transferred near Moscow, to the Volokolamsk direction. However, 105 kilometers from the capital, one tank was missing: Lavrinenko's crew, which had previously been left to guard the headquarters of the 50th Army, arrived only a day later. It turned out that, although the tankers were released to catch up with the brigade, they failed to reach their own along the road clogged with vehicles.

When the crew arrived in Serpukhov, a large reconnaissance detachment was already on its way to the city - a battalion of Germans on motorcycles, three vehicles with guns and one command vehicle. The city had only a fighter battalion in reserve, in which the elderly and teenagers served. And then one of the soldiers remembered - there are tankers in the city! The commandant set Lavrinenko the task of stopping the enemy.

Having disguised the car at the edge of the forest in the area of ​​present-day Protvino, the tankers began to wait for the Germans. They were so sure of themselves that they did not even send intelligence. Letting the lead car up to 150 meters, Lavrinenko shot the convoy at close range. Two guns were immediately destroyed, and the third German gunners tried to turn around, but Lavrinenko gave the command to ram. The tank jumped out onto the road and, crashing into trucks with infantry, crushed the last gun. The commandant of Serpukhov was handed over 13 machine guns, six mortars, 10 motorcycles with sidecars and an anti-tank gun with full ammunition and several prisoners. The German staff bus Firsov allowed to be taken to the brigade. There were documents and maps, which were immediately sent to Moscow.

Monument to Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya on the Minsk highway

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Installed near the village of Petrishchevo, where the partisan detachment of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was discovered by the Germans, and Zoya herself was tortured and killed. The body of the girl hung in the middle of the village to intimidate the inhabitants for more than a month (according to other sources, three days). She was buried in a nearby forest. In May 1942, the ashes of Zoya were transferred with military honors from Petrishchevo to the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow; By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, she was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Now her memorial museum is open in Petrishchevo.

Anti-tank hedgehogs in Khimki

Snezny Bars/Wikimedia.org

Installed on December 6, 1966 at the 23rd kilometer of the Leningradskoye highway in honor of the 25th anniversary of the defeat of the Nazi army near Khimki. To put up this memorial of iron, stone and reinforced concrete, the swamp had to be drained on the spot and piles driven in. The composition is dedicated to four Moscow and one Ivanovo-Voznesensk divisions of the people's militia, which defended the capital in the autumn days of 1941.

Monument to the Soldier-Liberator in Serpukhov

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The author's 2.5-meter model of the famous Vuchetich monument, installed in the German Treptow Park. The sculptor recalled how, after the Potsdam Conference, he was summoned by Klement Voroshilov and offered to prepare a project for an ensemble dedicated to the victory. Someone suggested that the declaration was signed by Stalin, which means that he should be in the center, the sculptor decided. He made a project, but he was dissatisfied with it. And then he decided, as an experiment, to create a second one - a Russian soldier carrying a German girl out of the fire in his arms. With his machine gun he breaks the swastika.

They say that Stalin studied both layouts for a long time. “Listen, Vuchetich, aren't you tired of this ... with a mustache?” He said, pointing to the main project with his mouthpiece. And chose the second one. He only advised me to give the soldier something more eternal, more symbolic than a machine gun. So the warrior-liberator got a sword.

In 1964, a model of the sculpture was brought from Berlin to Serpukhov, where since 2008 it has been installed on Cathedral Hill near the mass grave. There are also smaller copies of the monument in Vereya, near Moscow, in Sovetsk, Kaliningrad Region, and in Tver.

Vasily Terkin in gold

DeerChum/Wikimapia.org

The gilded monument to a soldier with an accordion in Orekhovo-Zuyevo actually represents a very specific person. This is Vasily Terkin, who, with the light hand of Tvardovsky, became the personification of a simple Russian guy in the Great Patriotic War. Tvardovsky began work on the poem and the image of the protagonist in 1939-1940, as a correspondent for the newspaper of the Leningrad Military District "On Guard of the Motherland" during the Finnish campaign. The name of the hero and his image were invented jointly by the editorial board of the newspaper. In particular, Samuil Marshak also helped. In 2015, the Russian Reporter magazine ranked the poem 28th in the Top 100 Most Popular Poems in Russia.

According to the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the human losses of the Soviet Union during the Great Patriotic War amounted to 26.6 million people. In memory of the fallen soldiers, major victories of the Army and the heroic deed of the Soviet people in the war, numerous war memorials and monuments have been erected not only in Russia, but also abroad.
Here are photos of the monuments of the Second World War, which I took during our travels since 2007. to 2015

1. Russian Federation, Volgograd. The main element of the ensemble "To the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad" on Mamaev Kurgan is the sculpture "The Motherland Calls!"

2. Russian Federation, Volgograd. The Gerhardt Mill is a building destroyed during the Great Patriotic War, left in ruins as a memory to the descendants of the brutal battles of the Battle of Stalingrad

3. Russian Federation, Vladivostok. Monument to the sailors of the merchant fleet 1941-1945.

4. Russian Federation, Veliky Novgorod. "Victory Monument" installed on "Catherine Hill" in memory of the victory of the Soviet Union over the fascist invaders

5. Russian Federation, Republic of Tatarstan, Yelabuga. On the Square of Memory there is a bust of the Marshal of the Soviet Union - Leonid Aleksandrovich Govorov.

6. Russian Federation, Moscow region, Odintsovo district. d. Troitskoye. Monument to the fallen Soviet soldiers who defended the approaches to Moscow. The names of the fallen soldiers are carved on the slabs of the memorial, among which is the name of my husband's great-uncle.

7. Russian Federation, Moscow region, Zvenigorod. Memorial to those who died in the Great Patriotic War.

8. Russian Federation, Kaliningrad region, Baltiysk. Mass grave on the street. Red Army.

9. Russian Federation, Kaliningrad region, Zelenogradsk. The grave of the Hero of the USSR Tkachenko I.F.

10. Russian Federation, Republic of Karelia, Medvezhyegorsk. Burial of Soviet soldiers.

11. Russian Federation, Republic of Karelia, Medvezhyegorsk region. Mass grave 9 km from the village of Povenets.

12. Russian Federation, Republic of Karelia, Medvezhyegorsk region. d. Kadmaselga. Brotherly grave.

13. Russian Federation, Kaluga region, Kondrovo. Monument to the heroes of the Great Patriotic War

14. Russian Federation, Kaluga region, regional center Przemysl. Monument to Soviet soldiers who died in the Great Patriotic War.

15. Russian Federation, Kaluga region, Ugra National Park, Sukovsky bridgehead.

16. Russian Federation, Kaluga region, Yukhnov. Monument to the soldiers who died in the battles for the Motherland

17. Russian Federation, Kaluga region, Yukhnov. Monument to prisoners of Nazi concentration camps

18. Russian Federation, Kaluga region, Kozelsk. Memorial complex Heroes of Kozelsk square, Motherland monument.

19. Russian Federation, Voronezh region, p. Kochetovka. Military memorial "Memory", mass grave No. 305

20. Russian Federation, Moscow region, Kubinka. Memorial in the military-historical Museum of armored weapons and equipment of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

21. RF. Moscow region, Dmitrov. Monument to the line of counteroffensive

22. Russian Federation, Vladimir region. Murom. Alley of Heroes of the USSR in Oka Park.

23. Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod. Memorial "Gorky front"

24. Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Don. Memorial complex "To soldiers for the liberation of the city from Nazi invaders"

25. Russian Federation, Yaroslavl region, Rybinsk. Memorial complex "Fire of Glory"

26. Russian Federation, Smolensk.

27. Russian Federation, Pskov. The monument-tank symbolizes the military glory of the tankers participating in the liberation of Pskov in 1944

28. Poland. Auschwitz-Birkenau (Auschwitz) concentration camp and death camp

29. Slovakia. Bratislava. Mount "Slavin" - a monument erected in honor of Soviet soldiers who died in battles with the Nazis for Bratislava in 1945

30. Belarus. Brest. Brest Fortress. Sculpture "Thirst"

31. Hungary. Budapest. "Monument to the Soviet soldiers-liberators"

32. Poland, Warsaw. Monument to the Heroes of Warsaw

33. Lithuania. Klaipeda city. Monument to fallen soldiers

34. Estonia. city ​​of Narva. Obelisk dedicated to the soldiers of the Soviet Army who fell in the Second World War

35. Bulgaria. town of Nessebar.

36. Norway. The grave of seven unknown soldiers of the Soviet army, near the town of Nesna.

37. Estonia. Tallinn. bronze soldier

There is no family in Russia where you will not be told about the tragic loss of a loved one during the Great Patriotic War. We owe those events not only terrible losses, but also an unprecedented rise in national self-consciousness. Grief and suffering have always made people sensitive to injustice. Remember the films of the post-war years - Hollywood with its exorbitant budgets will never come close to those masterpieces with their truthfulness and nobility.

The fact that a country lying in ruins rose from its knees in a matter of years instilled reasonable fear in geopolitical enemies, and friends in the socialist camp - respect and admiration. History has not preserved such collective feats. And every evidence of those years, every monument of the Great Patriotic War revives the genetic memory of those who are not indifferent, forcing noble, as in a song, rage to boil from the spectacle of impudent adversaries trying to belittle the contribution of the Russian people to the victory over world evil.

Unkown soldiers grave

The legendary Eternal Flame, sung in hundreds of creations, burning in the Alexander Garden, personifies all those millions of nameless lives thrown into this symbolic flame of war. And the fact that this is the most famous of all the memorials, that it is located in the heart of the country, that modern heroes guard it around the clock, speaks of the significance of the sacrifice and the gratitude of the survivors.

And how many feelings a short inscription evokes - "Your name is unknown, your feat is immortal." When you read these words, everything freezes inside - this heart responds, remembering the great grief, feelings become numb, imagining the scale of the tragedy, and the imagination draws pictures of burned villages and roads lined with bodies - the corpses of those whose names will never be known. Monuments dedicated to the Great Patriotic War have this effect on all the descendants of those terrible days. That is why it is hard to look at the bloody events in fraternal Ukraine and at all the unjust conflicts in the world, of which there are frighteningly many.

Mamaev Kurgan - monumental monument of the Great Patriotic War

Height 102 - this is how those who shed blood on the Stalingrad front remember this strategic point on the officer's tablet. Named in times no less difficult, Mamaev Kurgan served as a stronghold for the defenders of their native land even during the invasion of the Tatars. And as if created to be a stronghold of defense, the mound confirmed its calling during the years of the new invasion of evil spirits.

The dry military language, along with the thunder of cannons, is a thing of the past, and Hill 102 has become the Mound of Glory. Why don't modern monuments dedicated to the Great Patriotic War evoke the awe and reverence that one captures when looking at the creations of the period of the country's recovery from the fascist invasion? Probably, one needs to live through this historical event, with its pain, death and inevitability, in order to be able to convey the significance of the war and the phenomenon of general unification.

Motherland

The central figure on Mamayev Kurgan is the colossal figure of a mother leading the sons and daughters of the war into battle. Something less grandiose would not be worthy to serve as a reminder of more than half a year of battle and 34.5 thousand fallen. This monument of the Great Patriotic War reaches a height of 85 m, and its weight fluctuates within 8 thousand tons. But not only the scale of the architecture makes you freeze with respect at a height of 102. Something in the faces and figures of the statues does not allow you to raise your voice, and thoughts cannot routinely sort out domestic problems - unusual thoughts of heroism and self-sacrifice come into your head.

Tribute to the fallen on the Kursk Bulge

And although it is difficult to create a monument the way an artist who has passed through the battlefields will do, this does not mean that you need to forget about new creations that glorify the exploits of the fathers. Especially when it comes to such an event as the Battle of Kursk. For a month and a half in the bloody year of 1943, Russia and Ukraine fought together for survival in the Kursk region. With the number of incredible losses, the command managed to put the enemy to flight.

And do not listen to those who talk about the unpreparedness of the generals and that so many victims could have been avoided. We opposed superior, excellently trained units, with the best equipment and weapons. We were attacked surreptitiously, stabbed in the back, and we single-handedly dealt with the monster. No one has the right to judge us as long as we remember and build new monuments to the heroes of the Great Patriotic War.

Despite strange attempts to distort history and whitewash Nazism, we remember the heroes and build them new monuments of the Great Patriotic War. Children and adults, everyone who follows us, will be left with a majestic arch crowned with the figure of St. George the Victorious. Together with the statue of Zhukov and the grave of the unknown soldier of the Kursk land, it will keep the victims of the victors in the hearts of their children for hundreds of years.

Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill

No matter how they scold our memory of the years of the war, there are countless monuments about those times in Russia. Although I would like more such outstanding ones as the Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow. This monument of the Great Patriotic War occupies 135 hectares, including a museum dedicated to the exploits of soldiers, a Victory Monument and three churches. The main attraction is an obelisk 141.8 m high. This figure has a sacred meaning - the most terrible and bloody war in history continued for 1481 days. The obelisk is accompanied by the figures of Nike, the goddess of victory, and George the Victorious by the hand of Z. Tsereteli.

Marshal Pokryshkin

The rich history of monuments to the heroes of the Great Patriotic War includes hundreds of figures and busts dedicated to specific individuals who contributed to the cause of victory. One of them is a bust of three times Hero of the Soviet Union, Air Marshal Alexander Ivanovich Pokryshkin, installed in his homeland - in Novosibirsk. Having started the war as a young lieutenant, on August 19, 1944, Pokryshkin becomes the first three-time hero of the country.

Monument to Zhukov in Moscow

The most famous and repeatedly imprinted in stone commander was the unbending Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov. Marshal of the Soviet Union, four times a war hero and holder of two orders of victory, he was not just a commander - the soldiers called him Batya. He could live in the trenches with ordinary soldiers, steadfastly, as in the charter, enduring all hardships. Like no one, often to the detriment of his comforts, he took care of the rank and file, which often caused the discontent of the officers.

A monument to the Great Patriotic War dedicated to Zhukov can be found in almost every city in Russia. Is this not evidence of his merits and popular respect? But the most impressive and famous is located on Manezhnaya Square in Moscow. This is a majestic figure of the master Klykov's hand. It is not surprising that such a person as Zhukov was honored that so often the name of the monuments of the Great Patriotic War contains this legendary surname.

Is it worth remembering

The history of the monuments of the Great Patriotic War makes a map of the losses and sufferings of mankind. Wars have always been everyday life for a person, and the fact that today only those countries that can be guaranteed to be erased from the map of the enemy with atomic weapons are safe, suggests that peace is a myth. Good things get used to quickly. But, as history shows, war is necessary for development - the greatest upsurges in the development of nations occur at times of greatest tension. And countless monuments to the heroes of the Great Patriotic War serve as the best reminder and warning of this.