A. Personality is formed in interaction with other people.
B. Personality is formed throughout a person's life.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
A2. Humans are different from animals in that…
1) has natural instincts
2) has the most perfect hearing
3) does not depend on natural conditions
4) has articulate speech
A3. What characterizes a market economy?
1) private ownership of the means of production
2) egalitarian distribution of manufactured products
3) state regulation of pricing
4) centralized production planning
A5. The reproductive function of the family is manifested in ...
1) consumer organizations
2) moral regulation of behavior
3) in raising children in the traditions of the family
4) biological reproduction
A6. A German humanist of the past wrote: "A child learns what he sees in his home: parents are an example to him." What role of the family in the life of a person and society do these poetic lines speak of?
1) organization of joint leisure
2) strengthening family ties
3) joint housekeeping
4) parenting
A7. Unlike animals, humans are capable of
1) react with the senses
2) develop conditioned reflexes
3) satisfy needs
4) anticipate the results of their actions
A8. Are the following statements about social conflict correct?
A. The desire of the parties to defend their views is one of the causes of social conflict.
B. Social conflicts can have both positive and negative consequences for society.
1. only A is true
2. only B is correct
3. both judgments are correct
4. both judgments are wrong
A9. The government budget deficit is...
1) decrease in the number of tax revenues
2) excess of government spending over income
3) reduction in the money supply
4) reduction of external debt
A10. What are the areas of production, competition, market?
1) economic
2) social
3) political
4) spiritual
A11. Sasha is a good student at a general education and music school. He helps his mother raise her younger sister and brother. All this characterizes Sasha as
1) citizen
2) individual
3) personality
4) son
A12. Are the following judgments about the economic sphere of society correct?
A. The economic sphere, in addition to the production, exchange, distribution of material goods, also includes their consumption.
B. The economic sphere influences all other spheres of society.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
A13. The hallmark of a nation as an ethnic community is
1) common language and spiritual culture
2) sovereignty in foreign policy
3) the presence of public authority
4) variety of property relations
A14. Science-intensive industries are actively developing in the country of V., and revolutionary changes have taken place in the sphere of mass communications. Computers and robotics are used in production and in everyday life. The level of education of the population is very high. What type of society does V. belong to?
1) traditional
2) industrial
3) agricultural
4) information
A15. Are the following judgments about global problems correct?A. Global problems are those that affect people all over the world. B. Global problems have created a threat to the further existence of mankind.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
theoretical substantiation of the laws of development of nature and society
1) A is true 2) B is true 3) both are true 4) neither is true
Which of the following yavl. an example of economics in the sense of "science"
1) buying a car on credit 2) studying the demand for washing machines 3) issuing a loan to buy an apartment 4) producing chocolates
Factors of production include
1) land 2) distribution 3) production 4) consumption
In country Z, the economy is based on a variety of forms of ownership and economic freedom of production. What type of economic system is this characteristic of?
1) market 2) command 3) traditional 4) centralized
Are the following judgments about economic science correct? A) Economic science studies only the modern economic activity of people. B) Economic science studies ways to meet the growing needs of people in conditions of limited resources.
1) only A2 is true only B3) both are true 4) both are false
1. Are the following judgments about local governments correct? A. Local self-government bodies resolve issues of social development of theirterritories, organize places for trade.
B. The activities of local governments are regulated by the charters of cities (districts, villages)
2. Are the following judgments about social control correct?
A. Social control is carried out both through the application to the individual of certain requirements developed by society, and through the requirements of the individual to himself.
B. The ability of self-control is formed in the individual in the process of interaction with society
B. An example of social relations is a conflict between members of a group.
4. Are the following judgments about social norms correct?
A. Compliance with all social norms is controlled by the state.
B. Only the state can apply sanctions to violators of social norms.
1) only A is true; 2) only B is true;
3) both judgments are true; 4) both judgments are wrong.
5. Are the following statements about revolutions correct?
A. Revolutions in the assessments of historians are always positive.
B. The theory of evolution is incompatible with revolutionary development.
1) only A is true; 2) only B is true;
3) both judgments are true; 4) both judgments are wrong
1. Are the following judgments about the global problems of our time correct?
A. All global problems are closely interconnected.
B. Economic and political globalization is one of the characteristics of the global world.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both A and B are true
4) both judgments are wrong
Answers: 3
2. Find in the list below the features that distinguish global problems from other problems of mankind:
1) require for their resolution the joint efforts of the states of the world
2) arose in the second half of the last century
3) reflect the contradiction between people's needs and opportunities
4) caused by lack of natural resources
5) are large-scale
6) give rise to social conflicts
Answer: 125
3. Establish a correspondence between examples of manifestation and characteristics of global problems: for each definition given in the first column, select the appropriate concept from the second column.
Answer:
| B | BUT | AT | AT | B |
Q6: Read the text below where a number of words are missing.
"Spiritual __________ (BUT) stood out at a certain stage of human development in a special field of activity. The products of this activity exist in _____________ (B) individuals. They are expressed in ______________ (AT) form - language, religion, art styles, etc. Some elements of culture acquire the character of "eternal" values, determine ___________ (G) and the purpose of human life. For spiritual production, a material base is needed - schools, theaters, museums, publishing houses, mass media. In the sphere of spiritual production, there are a number of ________________ (D) such as the church, education, science, art, and individual professionals. Spiritual production products are ____________ (E) cultural experience of contemporaries and all previous generations.
List of terms:
1) social status;
2) synthesis;
3) sign-symbolic;
4) consciousness;
5) social institution;
6) production;
7) society;
8) meaning;
9) oral.
Answer:
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
B6: Read the text below with a number of words missing.
Choose from the proposed list of words that you want to insert in place of the gaps.
“Society is dynamic: both individuals and social groups are constantly changing their ________ (BUT). This phenomenon is called social _________. (B). Sociologists distinguish several types of it. Movements that do not change the social status of individuals and groups are called ________ (AT) mobility. Examples are the transition from one age group to another, a change in job, and the relocation of people from one locality or country to another, i.e. ________ (G). ________ (D) mobility implies a qualitative change in the social position of a person. Examples include obtaining or losing a title of nobility in a feudal society, a professional career in a modern society, and so on. Mobility channels are social ________ (E): family, school, property, church, army, etc.”
The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word (phrase) can only be used once. Choose sequentially one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Note that there are more words in the list than you need to fill in the gaps.
List of terms:
1) migration;
2) mobility;
3) horizontal;
4) institute;
5) status;
6) vertical;
7) group;
8) stratification;
9) marginalization.
The table below lists the letters that indicate the omission of a word. Write in the table under each letter the number of the word you have chosen.
Answer:
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
Q5: Read the text below, each position of which is indicated by a specific letter.
(BUT) The next International Festival of Design, Decorative and Applied Arts and Folk Art Crafts took place in the capital. (B) This year it has received a topical focus and become more modern. (AT) The level of presented works has increased significantly. (G) The gap that existed before between the "medal" projects and all the rest could not be considered acceptable.
1) actual character;
Answer:
| BUT | B | AT | G |
B5: Read the text below, each position of which is indicated by a specific letter.
(BUT) More and more people in the world use mobile phones: they not only make or answer calls, but also correspond with SMS messages. (B) The habit of communicating using short, simple texts can lead to the fact that a person will forget how to talk heart to heart, delve into the intonations of the interlocutor and sympathize with him. (AT) In a number of European countries, dozens of phone users have been diagnosed with SMS addiction. (G) Specialists of the department of bad habits of one of the clinics recorded that people suffering from this disease can write SMS messages for seven or more hours a day.
Determine what provisions of the text are:
1) actual character;
2) the nature of value judgments.
Write in the table under the letter denoting the position, the number expressing its nature.
Answer:
| BUT | B | AT | G |
The foundations of the ability to draw up a plan are laid at the early stages of education in the lessons of the Russian language, literature, history. However, many students, as exams show, are weak in this skill. In other words, there is no transfer of skills formed in the study of another subject. This transfer can be helped by updating knowledge about the types of plans. Particular attention should be paid to the features of a complex plan, to the content-logical connections of subordination of its points and sub-points.
The necessary conditions for drawing up a plan on a topic are:
1) the correct designation of its boundaries (involvement in a more general issue and isolation in it),
2) a fairly complete understanding of its various sides and aspects.
Consider these conditions on a specific topic "Labor Relations".
A series of questions will help clarify them, for example:
1) what more general topic can this topic include (for example: “Legal regulation of labor relations”);
2) what place this topic occupies in a broader issue (what are the features of the legal regulation of labor relations between the employer and the employee);
3) what range of issues the topic covers (the concept of labor relations, the legal status of the employee and the employer, social partnership in the field of work, employment and employment).
The next step is the selection of positions corresponding to a single basis, and the alignment of formulations in their logical subordination. As a result, the complex plan of this topic may take the following form.
Social science
1 option
Instructions for tasksA1 - A24.
A1. Science is engaged in the study of the social stratification of modern society:
1) political science;
2) anthropology;
3) sociology;
A2. Society in the broad sense of the word is called ...
1) the whole world around
2) groups in which communication takes place
3) interaction of people in everyday life;
4) a set of forms of association of people.
A3. Which of the signs is characteristic of a post-industrial society:
1) completion of the industrial revolution;
2) appropriating the type of holding;
3) development of electronic mass media;
3) evolution;
4) reform.
A5. Are the following judgments about global problems correct?
Global problems are called modern problems that
1. pose a threat to all mankind.
2. can only be overcome by the joint efforts of all states and peoples.
1) only 1 is true;
2) only 2 is true;
3) 1 and 2 are correct;
4) both judgments are wrong.
A6. The wide distribution of wooden construction in ancient Russia is an example of the relationship:
1) civilization and religion;
2) society and nature;
3) culture and politics;
4) religion and politics.
A7. A single representative of the human race, the bearer of his traits is defined by the concept:
1) individual;
2) individuality;
3) personality;
4) a citizen.
A8. A person as a person is characterized by ...
1) the presence of conditioned reflexes;
2) bright appearance;
3) feature of temperament;
4) creative activity
A9. Ideal needs - this is the need of the individual:
1) in respect from others;
2) in the constancy of living conditions;
3) in understanding the meaning of one's existence;
4) in professional self-improvement.
A10. Are the following judgments about human activity correct?
1. Interaction with the outside world is a characteristic of human activity.
2. Human activity has goals and motives.
1) only 1 is true;
2) only 2 is true;
3) 1 and 2 are correct;
4) both judgments are wrong.
A11. Read the text carefully, consider the situation and answer the question:
Sveta insisted that we go to a cafe, and I persuaded her to go to the park. We almost got into an argument. But I didn’t want to spoil relations with her, and after discussing it, we decided that today we were going to a cafe, and tomorrow to the park.
What is the name of the solution to this conflict?
1) confrontation;
3) compromise;
4) concession.
A12. Pre-scientific knowledge includes:
1) the theory of relativity;
2) the myth of the creation of man from clay;
3) the law of universal gravitation;
4) Ptolemy's hypothesis about the sphericity of the Earth
A13. Are the following statements about self-knowledge correct?
1. In order to know oneself, it is necessary to monitor the attitude towards oneself from others, their assessments of their actions.
2. To know yourself, you need to observe yourself and analyze your actions.
1) only 1 is true;
2) only 2 is true;
3) 1 and 2 are correct;
4) both judgments are wrong.
A14. The creation of cultural patterns that have no analogues in the past is called ...
1) creativity;
2) communication;
3) communication;
4) education.
A15. An example of NEGATIVE DEVIATIONAL behavior is:
1) indifference to others;
2) striving for success and popularity;
3) passion for computer games;
4) the use of any means to enter the institute.
A16. Political norms are reflected:
1) in value judgments of statesmen;
2) in the application of international sanctions;
3) in the traditional character of social behavior;
4) in the ethical preferences of the head of state.
A17. An ethnic group can be considered:
1) a group that exists in the system of division of labor;
2) the population living in one territory;
3) people with the same social status;
4) people who have a common origin and culture
A18. Family is:
2) an element of social production;
3) an element of social structure;
4) the basis of social mobility.
A19. Are the following statements about mass culture correct?
1. All phenomena of mass culture are characterized by an appeal to folk traditions.
2. Popular culture is characterized by the anonymity of most works.
1) only 1 is true;
2) only 2 is true;
3) 1 and 2 are correct;
4) both judgments are wrong.
A20. An example of horizontal social mobility is:
1) transfer of a student from one school to another;
2) demotion of an officer to the rank and file;
3) creation of a family;
4) admission to the university.
A21. The state budget is called ...
1) a list of all income and expenses planned by the state;
2) the sum of all revenues to the treasury from foreign trade activities;
3) the amount of expenses for the past year;
4) a report on the financial activities of a large state corporation.
A 23. What political regime has developed in the state of N., if elections are regularly held on an alternative basis, and the opposition has equal rights to propagate their views along with the ruling elite:
2) totalitarian;
3) democratic;
4) dictatorial.
A24. A citizen of the Russian Federation no younger than ... can be elected President of the Russian Federation.
Part B
Instructions for completing tasks of the partB.
B1. Write down the end of the sentence in the answer form:
The head of state in the Russian Federation (according to the Constitution of the Russian Federation) is ...
B2. Determine the missing term (word) and write it in the answer sheet.
Instructions for completing task B3:
B3. The social qualities of a person are
1) the ability to procreate;
2) the ability to communicate using articulate speech;
3) the ability to transform the natural environment;
4) the ability to defend against enemies;
5) the ability to create new items that have no natural analogues.
Instructions for completing tasks B4 - B5:
B4. In accordance with the law of the Russian Federation "On Citizenship" (adopted on November 28, 1991), is a citizen of the Russian Federation a person (Kazakh by nationality) who previously lived in the Saratov region, who left for permanent residence in Kazakhstan in December 1996 and declared about renunciation of Russian citizenship?
B5. Freedom of conscience is guaranteed by law in the Russian Federation.
Instructions for completing task B6:
B6. For each public institution, indicate the area of public life:
Answers:
|
job number |
answer |
job number |
answer |
job number |
answer |
|
job number |
answer |
|
the president |
|
|
perception |
|
A1. What is a global environmental problem?
danger of nuclear proliferation
deterioration in people's health
overpopulation of a number of regions
extinction of many species of animals and plants
A2. Are the following judgments about the global problems of our time correct?
A. Today there is a threat to the survival of humanity as a biological species.
B. In order to survive, humanity must limit the growth of consumption.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
(1) Downplaying the danger of a new world war in modern conditions is unjustified. (2) According to official data, there are about 70,000 nuclear weapons on Earth. (3) Calculations performed show that this arsenal is capable of completely destroying life on the planet. (4) We believe that an appeal to the world community with a call for disarmament is extremely necessary.
A) actual character
Option number 2
A1. Currently, the Earth is undergoing a systematic increase in the area of deserts, a decrease in the area of forests, an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide and a decrease in oxygen, climate change caused by global warming. These are concrete manifestations of global problems.
raw materials and energy resources
demographic
establishing a just international economic order
environmental
B. Economic and political globalization are one of the characteristics of the modern world.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
IN 1. Read the text below, each position of which is numbered.
(1) It is known that for the period from 4500 B.C. BC, i.e. since the emergence of ancient civilizations, there have been 14,530 wars. (2) If in the nineteenth century. 16 million people died in wars, then in the twentieth century. - more than 70 million. (3) The total explosive power of weapons is now about 18 billion tons in TNT equivalent, i.e. each inhabitant of the planet accounts for 3.6 tons, and if at least 1% of the reserves explode, then a “nuclear winter” will come, threatening the destruction of the entire biosphere. (4) Nevertheless, Russia's efforts in terms of disarmament do not find a proper response from the politicians of the most developed countries with nuclear weapons.
Determine which provisions of the text are worn
A) actual character
B) the nature of value judgments
“The problem of establishing a just economic order is linked to __________(1) world development. There are groups of countries on the planet that differ sharply in _____________ (2) socio-economic development and, accordingly, in terms of __________ (3) population. On the one hand, this is a relatively small group of ___________ (4), on the other hand, a large number of states in which economic development is characterized by backwardness, and the quality of life of the population is low. The economy of __________ (5) is based on the extraction and export of raw materials. The backward and moderately developed countries make up the vast majority of the world's population - about five billion out of six. The general trend of modern development, unfortunately, is such that __________ (6) between the “golden billion” and the rest of humanity is not decreasing, but increasing.”
The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word can only be used once. Choose sequentially one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Note that there are more words in the list than you need to fill in the gaps.
A) developed countries
B) society
B) backward countries
D) unevenness
D) decision
E) level
G) welfare
H) gap
I) social institution
IN 2. Read the text below with a number of words missing.
“The concept of “____________” (1) has become widespread since the late 1960s. So it is customary to call problems that are _____________ (2) in nature. They affect the interests of every nation and every person, their solution is possible only through the joint efforts of all people. From the direction in which their decision will be carried out, depends __________ (3) of humanity as a biological species. These problems also manifest ___________ (4) social and natural foundations of the life of society and the individual.
One group of problems is related to relations between states. The elimination of __________ (5) economic development, the preservation of peace is both a solution to the problem of human health and the problem of the quality of development of natural resources. Stopping __________ (6) also prevents environmental pollution on a planetary scale.”
The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word can only be used once. Choose sequentially one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Note that there are more words in the list than you need to fill in the gaps.
A) survival
B) public
C) global problems
D) an arms race
D) unevenness
E) globalization
G) universal
H) dynamism
