Earth is our common home, the place where we were born and live and will live, because the human mind has not yet found a way to inhabit other celestial bodies.
In his work, Yu. V. Bondarev makes the reader think about the problem of the destructive influence of human activity on nature.
This topic is especially relevant today. Acid rain, ozone holes, the greenhouse effect - this and much more is the result of the activities of human society. The author writes about the selfishness of man, about his destructive effect on the environment: "...man not only...tortures the flesh of the Earth with exploding shells and multi-ton bombs since the wars began, but also turns his house into a dustbin.. .", "Man suffocates, poisons the Earth with chemical waste, as if in a frenzy of greedy enrichment in a hurry to destroy both her and himself."
The author's position is formulated clearly and clearly. Yu. V. Bondarev believes that human activity can destroy the Earth, "kill a living body." People understand this, but nevertheless do nothing, hoping that something will change in the future.
I fully share the position of the author. People do not think about the environment, about their descendants, about the future. It is “now” that worries everyone: “now I will save on special equipment and pour waste into the river”, “now I will leave the garbage near the house, anyway someone will throw it away”.
But you can not live one day, you have to think about the future. What will our descendants breathe: clean air or not solid sulfur dioxide? What will they see from the window: a flowering tree or an artificial poplar? -Everything depends on us.
Let us recall the main character of Turgenev's work "Fathers and Sons". Bazarov was a nihilist: he denied everything, including nature. Bazarov believed that "nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and man is a worker in it." But what is nature and who is man? Is it possible to imagine him outside of this system? Of course not. Without the same oxygen, which is also part of this great system, we will live only a few minutes. That is why a person cannot put himself above nature, this is a single complex, and a person in it is only one of the components.
A striking example of how a person "thanks" the Earth for all that it gives us is the explosion of a non-Chernobyl nuclear power plant. This is not the end, continue below.
Useful material on the topic
- According to the text by Yu.V. Bondareva (I woke up late at night from a frantic run...)
This accident claimed hundreds of lives. More than a thousand people received a bunch of various diseases as a result of radiation exposure, including a tumor. Chernobyl and the territory adjacent to it are closed to the public. But it wasn't just the person who got hurt. Many plants and animals also experienced the severity of radioactive radiation. And the man is to blame.
A person must take care of the house in which he lives, of the Earth that gave birth to him. At least out of a sense of self-preservation, people should at least not quarrel. Otherwise, it can lead to the death of the Earth and all who live on it. Just as a small match can start a fire, so a plastic bottle may be a death sentence for some living organisms.
Option 2
All people living on Earth have a huge impact on it. It can be both positive and negative. What is the negative impact of human activity on the planet? Here is the problem that Yu.V. Bondarev reflects on in the proposed text.
Showing all the fragility, weakness, helplessness of our planet in comparison with the Universe, the author calls on all people to save this “bluish speck of dust, this airship”. Yu.V.Bondarev is concerned about the idea of the disappearance of all life on the planet. The consequence of people's loss of the meaning of the uniqueness of life is, according to the writer, "the ruthless alienation of the Earth and man."
The author believes that a person not only torments, torments, tortures the flesh of the Earth, but also poisons it with chemical waste, turning his house into a dustbin. This is the negative impact of all people on our planet.
I fully agree with the opinion of the author. Indeed, the use of the Earth as a means to achieve modern conveniences and pleasures can lead to disastrous consequences. In particular, it is pollution of soil, water, air. But each of us must be aware that by destroying the "airship", we are destroying ourselves.
Let us turn to the story of V. Astafiev "Tsar-fish". Because of greed and greed, the main character becomes a poacher. But at the same time, Ignatich does not think about the damage he causes to the environment. Only a meeting with the king-fish changes the consciousness of the hero: he asks for forgiveness from nature. In his work, V. Astafiev showed the power of nature over man.
Let us recall the words of V. Rasputin: “To speak today about ecology means to speak not about changing life, but about saving it.” It was in this phrase that the Russian writer expressed his hope for the well-being of all life on the planet. But it is worth saying that one should never hope for a vague "later", but it is necessary to think about saving the Earth today.
Thus, the manifestations of thoughtless human activity in relation to everything around can be very diverse. But there is only one result - the disappearance of our planet and the death of living beings, including people.
Option 3
The Earth... How much longer is it ready to withstand the merciless onslaught of humanity? Why do many people not understand what a critical state the Earth is in? It is these questions that arise in Yuri Vasilyevich Bondarev.
The author raises the actual problem of indifference to the Earth on which each of us was born. The text tells how the author imagines our Earth from the height of a star, he is concerned about how helpless we are before the Universe. Yu.V. Bondarev writes "Don't people really understand that the Earth should be their clean, bright white-sailed ship", the writer is tormented by the fact that people turn their home into a "garbage bin".
The position of the author is clear, Yu.B. Bondarev urges us to take the environment more seriously: do not litter the surrounding nature, awaken a sense of significance in a person. After all, everyone can do a good deed, thereby not harming nature.
I agree with the opinion of the author, and I also believe that if humanity does not take any decisive action, then everything can end badly. After all, the Earth is one of the main creations on which we are allowed to live, and therefore we must try not to destroy it, but treat it more carefully.
Let us turn to the work of Viktor Petrovich Astafyev "The Tsar-Fish". The main character Ignatich often harms nature, as he is a poacher. Here one of the fatal moments happens to him. A fairly large fish falls into his bait, he is unable to cope with it , the fish almost drags him into the depths of the river. A fisherman has a feeling of fear and shame, and therefore he lets her go. This fight changes Ignatich's worldview. This is how nature teaches a person morality.
In conclusion, I would like to say that we need to protect what we have been given. Do not forget that only we are able to change the world for the better.
Option 4
How does irresponsible human activity affect the life of the planet? Yuri Bondarev suggests thinking about this problem.
The writer, in his text, discussing the negative impact of people on nature, cannot but say about the defenselessness and helplessness of the Earth. The author writes that human activity “torments, torments, torments” and “poisons the Earth”, as a result of which all of humanity may die. Depicting this vivid picture of the relationship of people with the outside world, the writer shows us "the ruthless alienation of the Earth and man."
Thus, the writer comes to the following conclusion: a person negatively influencing nature, receiving only benefits from it, but not helping it to renew itself, pollutes it, suppresses it and mercilessly destroys it.
The experience of real fiction will serve as confirmation of my position. For example, in the poem "Children of Nature" by L.N. Martynov, the poet speaks of the defenselessness of the world around him before irresponsible human activity. "Nature
Our own mother
And we, like children, make her angry,
And we manage to break
Let us recall the work of S. Aleksievich "Chernobyl Prayer". In it we see. How human activity has caused enormous damage to nature. It was the human factor that caused the death of all living things in Chernobyl. This example is proof that people have a detrimental effect on the natural life of the surrounding world.
So, the text of Yu.V. Bondarev convinces us that. That people negatively affect the life of the planet, as they barbarously take away the best that it has, while not taking care of it and observing its laws. Human activity is a destructive force in relation to nature.
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One night I woke up with a strange sensation. I thought I went deaf in my sleep. I lay with my eyes open, listened for a long time, and finally realized that I had not gone deaf, but simply that an extraordinary silence had fallen outside the walls of the house. This silence is called "dead". The rain died, the wind died, the noisy, restless garden died. All you could hear was the cat snoring in his sleep. I opened my eyes. White and even light filled the room. I got up and went to the window - behind the panes everything was snowy and silent. In the foggy sky, a lone moon stood at a dizzying height, and a yellowish circle shimmered around it. When did the first snow fall? I approached the walkers. It was so bright that the arrows were clearly black. They showed two hours. I fell asleep at midnight. This means that in two hours the earth has changed so unusually, in two short hours the fields, forests and gardens have been fascinated by the cold. Through the window, I saw a large gray bird perch on a maple branch in the garden. The branch swayed, snow fell from it. The bird slowly got up and flew away, and the snow continued to fall like glass rain falling from a Christmas tree. Then everything was quiet again. Reuben woke up. He looked out the window for a long time, sighed and said: - The first snow is very befitting the earth. The earth was ornate, like a shy bride. And in the morning everything crunched around: frozen roads, leaves on the porch, black nettle stalks sticking out from under the snow. Grandfather Mitriy came to tea and congratulated me on the first trip. - So the earth was washed, - he said, - with snow water from a silver trough. - Where did you get, Mitrich, such words? Reuben asked. - Is there something wrong? grandfather chuckled. - My mother, the deceased, said that in ancient times, beauties washed themselves with the first snow from a silver jug and therefore their beauty never sluggish. It was hard to stay at home on the first winter day. We went to the forest lakes. Grandfather walked us to the edge. He also wanted to visit the lakes, but "did not let the ache in his bones." It was solemn, light and quiet in the forests. The day seemed to be dozing. Lonely snowflakes occasionally fell from the cloudy high sky. We carefully breathed on them, and they turned into pure drops of water, then became cloudy, froze and rolled to the ground like beads. We wandered through the forests until dusk, walked around familiar places. Flocks of bullfinches were sitting, ruffled, on rowan trees covered with snow ... In some places in the clearings, birds flew and squeaked plaintively. The sky overhead was very bright, white, and towards the horizon it thickened, and its color resembled lead. From there were slow snow clouds. It grew darker and quieter in the forests, and finally a thick snow began to fall. He melted in the black water of the lake, tickled his face, powdered the forest with gray smoke. Winter has taken over the land...
(1) I woke up in the dead of night from a frantic run, the roar of wheels, from the creak of shelves, from the rattling of a half-open compartment door - piercing drafts went over my head.
(2) It was dark in the corridor and the compartment: I lay for a long time with my eyes open, guessing in the darkness the black square of the window, behind which everything was impenetrable, dull at night, and it was impossible to understand whether the steppe or the forests were walking in this endless, secret, incomprehensible, like darkness, the universe.
(3) Then, in the windowless abyss of the sky, a transcendental fire flared up, a blue lone star flickered.
The writing
Often, throwing a cigarette butt on the pavement, refueling your car with gasoline, throwing batteries into a waste bag, we don’t even think about what this can lead to later. More than 7 billion people are guided by the logic “one time will not do anything”, but is it really that simple? Yu.V. Bondarev.
The author's reasoning rests on the idea of the helplessness of our planet on the scale of the universe. The hero of the text notes that, in his view, the Earth is “a settled cozy island in a boundless threatening ocean of uncertainty”, and people on it are essentially guests, and they behave like full-fledged owners, “shaking the ship from side to side”. The lyrical hero leads the reader to the idea that, contrary to all opinions, our planet is a fragile organism, “with its own rhythm, breathing, blood circulation pulse”, as vulnerable as, for example, a child in need of support and understanding.
It is impossible not to understand the position of Yu.V. Bondareva: he believes that man is responsible for the preservation of life on his native planet. The earth is a tiny and vulnerable organism with a limited supply of food and food, and it cannot and should not be used by man for pleasure and convenience.
Of course, the writer is completely right. I also think that people's opinion that the Earth is a self-healing ball with infinite resources is an incredibly stupid and dystopian judgment. Each of us is responsible for our own actions and for life on the planet as a whole. In our century, there are many projects that advocate the preservation of the environment on Earth, but, unfortunately, they already have a saving character. And if everyone continues to mindlessly use the resources given to him, the death of all life on Earth will approach even faster than we think.
Few people think that nature does not tolerate violence against itself, and no matter how helpless it may look under the onslaught of atomic bombs and tanks, it will definitely take revenge on those who imagine themselves to be the master of all life on earth. So, for example, in the story of V.P. Astafyev's "King-Fish", the author describes Ignatich's consumer attitude to the resources that were given to him: he was engaged in poaching until the last, until one day he met with the "King-Fish", who managed to point out to the hero his mortality in time. In the face of impending death, the hero of the story recalls his entire life, the stages of his own fall into sin - and comes to repentance. Ignatich suddenly realized how destructive his activity was for all life on earth, and realized that he had the right only to help nature, but not to use it for his own purposes, especially so thoughtlessly.
V.G. Rasputin argued: “To speak today about ecology means to speak not about changing life, but about saving it.” In his story "Farewell to Matera" the author reveals another example of a consumer attitude to nature. A group of people who have decided to build a power plant on the river are taking eerily disastrous measures. The circle of their actions includes the flooding of the entire island, with all the property, flora and fauna acquired by people. And here the author touches not only on the problem of attachment to a small homeland, because the fact that the indigenous inhabitants of Matera are resettled to a completely foreign land is not so bad. The most important problem is how destructive in all respects is the activity of modern man in relation to nature. Fields with abundant crops, animals, birds and plants - all this was to be destroyed for an empty purpose, and where an entire island is flooded, the entire planet can be destroyed there, with the same "large-scale" purpose.
Nature and man should closely interact and help each other, be friends, but not enemies. And the advent of the age of "high technology", the age of space exploration should only help people invent new ways of being on Earth harmlessly, but so far, unfortunately, only a few are thinking about this.
Option 11. Assignments for the Unified State Examination 2018. Russian language. I.P. Tsybulko. 36 options
Read the text and complete tasks 1 - 3
(1) Neuroscientists in the course of experiments managed to find out that during sleep, new interneuronal contacts are formed in nerve cells, which are necessary for remembering information. (2) This explains the fact that memory consolidation - the transformation of short-term memory into long-term - occurs most actively during sleep, when our nervous system is sorting out the information received during the day, until external signals interfere. (3) in order to remember the textbook read before the exam, you need to sleep, then the information, as they say, will settle in the head, that is, it will go into long-term storage.
1. Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) To better prepare for exams, you need to sleep more, and not sort out the information received during the school year.
2) In the course of experiments, neuroscientists managed to find out that memory consolidation - the transformation of short-term memory into long-term memory - occurs most actively during sleep.
3) Consolidation of memory - the transformation of short-term memory into long-term - most actively occurs during sleep, when new interneuronal contacts are formed in the nerve cells necessary for remembering information.
4) Sleep is just another form of brain activity, and at night our nervous system works much more and more efficiently, because external signals do not prevent it from sorting out the information received during the day.
5) During sleep, when new interneuronal connections are formed in nerve cells, memory consolidation occurs most actively - the transformation of short-term memory into long-term memory, which contributes to the memorization of information.
2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
Despite this
because
The fact is that
3. Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word CONTACT. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
CONTACT, a, m.
1) Contact, connection (special). Electric c. Tectonic c. (in the earth's crust).
2) Business connection, consistency in actions. Trade and economic contacts. Sign in to. with someone. Act in contact with someone.
3) Direct communication. K. with the patient.
4) A part that ensures the contact of the wires of the electrical circuit (special). Solder to.
4. In one of the words below, a mistake was made in setting the stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel was highlighted INCORRECTLY. Write out this word.
accountants
fruit
overstrained
5. In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.
The DIPLOMATIC meeting was attended by politicians from friendly countries.
Biologically active substances contained in celery have a beneficial effect on the metabolism in the body.
In an effort to objectively assess what was happening, the teacher tried not to express his PERSONAL opinion.
The award-winning actress proved that you don't have to be GORGEOUS.
The main thing is not to make a mistake when choosing your life path.
6. In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the form of the word. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
kilogram of APPLES
LET'S LIGHT THE FIRE
company of SOLDIERS
in two thousand and eleven
TWICE copies
7. Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and sentences in which they are made: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
| GRAMMATICAL ERRORS A) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover B) an error in the construction of a complex sentence B) violation in the construction of a proposal with an inconsistent application D) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate E) an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members of the sentence | SUGGESTIONS 1) The Kultura TV channel shows both old and completely new theatrical performances. 2) This year Moscow State University held several Olympiads for schoolchildren. 3) Renaissance artists used examples of ancient art both in the general concept of their works and in details. 4) Anyone who went on a hike and is forced to save on food can independently prepare flour from the rhizome of a white water lily. 5) A person who wishes to see new countries will have unforgettable impressions and amazing discoveries. 6) After paying the bill, you must inform the publisher in writing of the number of the payment order. 7) This book taught me to appreciate friends, which I read as a child. 8) In the plot of "Fathers and Sons" an important place is occupied by ideological disputes between representatives of different social forces. 9) Alexey was the only child in the family, so his parents cared for and loved him so much that any attempts to convince them to be stricter ended in failure. |
8. Determine the word in which the unstressed unchecked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
intelligent
inexhaustible .. sold
co-op
comfort
ass..drinking
9. Determine the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write these words out with the missing letter.
cheer..chur, without..seamless
p.. got it, r.. played
r..yany, under..driving
pr..tear, pr..crowded
d..bavil, pr..grandfather
10. Write down the word in which the letter I is written at the place of the gap.
overcome
ice .. thread (soul)
coughed up..coughed up
enterprising..
cherry..out
11. Write down the word in which the letter Yu is written at the place of the gap.
quarreling .. schischisya (guys)
building..tsya (new houses)
adhesive (pencil)
(bees hurt) sorry..t
creeping (fog)
12. Define a sentence in which NOT with the word is written CLEARLY. Open the brackets and write out this word.
V. G. Korolenko writes about people who (NOT) SUMIDDED to fate, full of desire for truth and freedom.
He rode, as it seemed to him, all the time straight, SEEING nothing in front of him, except for the horse's head.
But by nature, the father of the future writer was a far (NOT) EVIL person.
This (NOT) COMPLETE picture marked Vrubel's return to the topic that had worried him all his life.
13. Define a sentence in which both highlighted words are spelled ONE. Open the brackets and write out these two words.
Leaving the house, we (AT) THE BEGINNING follow the country road, and (FOR) THAT along the paved highway.
While the road was near the swamps, (IN) VIEW of a pine forest, we (FOR) FREQUENTLY scared away whole broods of ducks sheltering here.
(DOWN) DURING the entire journey, we SAME (SAME) made long stops near the water, despite the enormous loss of time.
The side, (APPOINTING) was deaf: everywhere you could see the forest, but there were still no fields and villages.
In vain we peered (AT) FAR horizon: (AT) THE MEETING us the fog rose.
14. Indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) is written HH.
The spacious terrace of the cottage was very brightly lit (1) with a lamp and four old (2) candelabra, arranged (3) on a long (4) tea table.
15. Arrange punctuation marks. Write two sentences in which you need to put ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) The forest falls silent and in the glow of a blazing fire it seems magical and ghostly.
2) A. S. Pushkin was not afraid of colloquial words and expressions and boldly introduced them into poetry.
3) Each time needs its own chronicler, not only in the field of historical events, but also in the field of life and way of life.
4) The work soothed him, cleared his head, and two hours passed imperceptibly at work.
5) In our poetry there is also meditation and sadness and bitterness of parting and sadness of unfulfilled meetings.
16. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) should (s) be a comma (s).
In 1878 (1) the painting “Moscow Courtyard” shown at the VI traveling exhibition (2) brought fame to V. D. Polenov (3) by showing the birth of a new genre in Russian painting (4) called the “lyrical” landscape.
17. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) should (s) be a comma (s).
The name "Kolomna" (1) according to some researchers (2) goes back to the Finnish word. Before the arrival of the Slavs, Finnish tribes lived in this territory, they (3) probably (4) left this name.
18. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) should (s) be a comma (s).
The Provincial Museum (1) whose exposition (2) (3) can be called a monument to the artist (4) has one of the richest collections of works by the famous landscape painter.
19. Place all punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers, in place of which commas should be.
Daria Alexandrovna tried to play (1) but for a long time she could not understand the game (2) and (3) when she understood (4) she was so tired (5) that she sat down with Princess Varvara (6) and only looked at the players.
20. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write out this word.
Arrogant arrogance and contempt for the people of his tribe made the hero of Gorky's story an outcast.
Read the text and do the tasks2 1 – 26
(1) I woke up in the dead of night from a frantic run, the roar of wheels, from the creak of shelves, from the rattling of a half-open compartment door: piercing drafts went over my head.
(2) It was dark in the corridor and the compartment - I lay for a long time with my eyes open, guessing in the darkness the black square of the window, behind which everything was impenetrable, dull at night, and it was impossible to understand whether the steppe or the forests were walking in this endless, secret, incomprehensible, like darkness, the universe.
(3) Then, in the windowless abyss of the sky, a transcendental fire flared up, a blue lone star flickered.
(4) The train was still rushing, without slowing down, lost in the dark autumn spaces, without earthly lights, invisible from the unthinkable height of this star, burning among the icy space deserts, separated from the Earth by millions of millions of distances.
(5) In its arrogant inaccessibility, the star floated next to the carriage, brightly, shaggy moved its tentacles of rays in the darkness of the universe, penetrating through its coldness, and I looked at it with a feeling of delight and fear of the unresolved nature of some laws existing outside the mind, which for some reason they mercilessly condensed eternity into an instant and stretched an instant into eternity. (6) “So, eternity is life, a moment is destruction? ..”
(7) Imagine, I was scared because everything is powerless before these laws: life, love, art, the Earth itself, this inhabited cozy island in the boundless threatening ocean of the unknown ...
(8) And I imagined our Earth as it can be seen from the height of this indifferent autumn star - a small, bluish speck of dust, this airship rushing through the thickness of purple cold, starlight, through meteorite, sparkling mists, presented its fragility, its weakness, his limited supply of water and food - and was horrified at the thought of his helplessness before the universe.
(9) If each of the team on this boat realized that there was a deadly reef ahead and in a collision with it would disappear without a trace, its beautiful flesh would crumble into nothing, consisting of forests, rivers, oceans, rains, sunsets, green grass, beautiful cities, monuments, cathedrals, cars, books, paintings of painters - everything that was created by the geniuses of human thought and human hands, if everyone thought for a minute about the fleeting age of the Earth, people would not shake their ship from side to side, would not pierce holes in its bottom, the inflated sails would not slash with knives of anger and hatred.
(10) Will people really never understand that the Earth should be their clean, bright white-sailing ship, the path of which, unfortunately, is not endless?
(11) Without thinking about it, people sometimes lose the main thing - the meaning of the uniqueness of life, and then comes the ruthless Earth and man.
(12) Then our tiny planet becomes only a means to achieve modern conveniences and pleasures.
(13) Yes, a person not only torments, torments, tortures the flesh of the Earth with exploding shells and multi-ton bombs since the wars began, but also turns his house into a dustbin, into a dirty dump of used and already unnecessary items, into a cemetery of cars, transistors, bottles, cans. (14) A person suffocates, poisons the Earth with chemical waste, as if in a frenzy of greedy enrichment he is in a hurry to destroy both her and himself.
(15) After all, the Earth is a living body with its own rhythm, breathing, circulatory pulse, and stopping the natural flow of blood in it is deadly. (16) Undoubtedly, people understand, or rather, feel the impending danger and at the same time rely on a foggy “later”, in which nothing may happen to the most beautiful of the worlds.
(17) But everything has its beginnings and its ends.
(According to Yu. V. Bondarev)
21. Which of the following words should be in place of the gap in sentence 11? Write out this word.
awareness
commonwealth
alienation
repentance
usage
22. Which of the following statements are true? Specify the answer numbers.
1) Sentence 8 presents the narrative.
2) Proposition 9 contains an argument.
3) Sentence 10 provides a description.
4) Proposition 12 indicates a consequence of what is said in sentence 11.
5) Sentence 15 presents the narrative.
23. From sentences 14-16 write out a synonym for the words "greedy", "selfish".
24. Among sentences 2-6, find one (s) that is (s) connected with the previous one using an introductory word and word forms. Write the number(s) of this offer(s).
25. “The language of Yu. V. Bondarev is very figurative, as evidenced by the tropes used in the text: (A) ___ (“like darkness” in sentence 2, “flared with transcendental fire” in sentence 3) and (B) ___ (sentence 9 ). The author's excited intonation is conveyed by lexical means, in particular (B) ___ ("eternity" - "moment" in sentence 6, "beginnings" - "ends" in sentence 17), as well as reception - (D) ___ ("torments, torments , tortures" in sentence 13)".
List of terms:
1) phraseological unit
2) parceling
3) extended metaphor
4) colloquial and colloquial vocabulary
5) antonyms
6) comparison
7) syntactic parallelism
8) rhetorical exclamation
9) gradation
| Option 11 |
|||
| Job number | Answer | Job number | Answer |
| firstthen |
|||
| 234 or any combination |
|||
| fruit | |||
| beneficial | 1234 or any combination |
||
| 1245 or any combination |
|||
| intellectual | haughty |
||
| too seamless | alienation |
||
| enterprising | |||
| creeping | greedy or greedy |
||
| unfinished | |||
Problem
1. The problem of overcoming the alienation of man from the Earth. (How to avoid the alienation of man from the Earth?)
2. The problem of the negative impact of human activity on the life of the Earth. (What is the negative impact of human activity on the life of the planet?)
1. In order to avoid the alienation of man from the Earth, people need to remember that the Earth is a living organism and the age of the Earth is fleeting, that one should not lose the meaning of the uniqueness of life.
2. Man destroys the Earth with his activity, polluting it, injuring its flesh with explosions, while hoping that nothing will happen to the planet.
FURFUR continues to publish essays from people who traveled the world in the summer of 2011. In the new issue - Alexander Volkov, who rode a bicycle for more than half of the American continent.
USA
I myself am engaged in nuclear physics, a little medicine, and with two friends I opened a small company. As part of this company, we managed to make one major project, thanks to which we managed to earn money for the trip. I used to travel a lot, but not on my own two, but by car or scooter. This time I had about seven hundred bucks for a vehicle, so I just went to the store and asked for a bike for that amount. They gave me a Giant road bike, painted it black, bought a trunk, bags, a speedometer, flashlights, and hit the road.
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My original plan was to cross the USA from east to west (from New York to San Francisco). I started to make a route, just sitting on the Internet and looking at Google Maps. Then I accidentally stumbled upon the website of the well-known American Association of Cycling Tourists, and there I was already waiting for ready-made maps with a laid route across the country. My route is called "TransAmerica", it consists of fourteen maps - I completely relied on them, I did not have any GPS with me. The length of the route - 4100 miles, it runs through the states of Virginia, Kentucky, Montana, Kansas, Colorado, Utah, Nevada and California. The route is quite popular, more than one thousand people have ridden it since the invention of the bicycle, so my choice cannot be called original. But I decided to go only as far as Colorado. |
THE ROUTE WAS CALLED "TRANSAMERICA"
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I realized that you need to do this - you go for a week every day, and then a couple of days of rest. In one week, it was possible to travel the whole state. I left at dawn, got off the bike before sunset, saw off the sun and went to bed. On the way, I slowed down every two hours, drank water, ate nuts, and rested. A lot of funny things happened - pedals broke, wheels were pierced with thistle thorns and hurricanes overtook. My favorite pastime was swimming in rivers and lakes - because of the heat, I was sweating, and water was the only salvation. Ninety percent of the route lay outside the cities. Along the way, there were forests, fields, farms, hills, deserts and mountains. There were also many abandoned villages with rusty wagons and other scrap metal. |
The whole of Kansas was a level road that went beyond the horizon, and dried earth on the sides. There was nothing else for miles ahead. For the whole day, the only living things were flies, birds, and two or three trucks whizzing past me. Complete loneliness and silence. Cities along the way were very small, not exceeding 15,000 people. There I was able to go online and wash.
I usually spent the night in a tent. However, every five or six days I had to stop at a motel to take a good bath and do laundry. It was very hot, I slept in my shorts and used the sleeping bag as a mattress. It became cooler and more comfortable in the mountains, I decided to live only in a tent, and I managed to do this for two weeks. There were many places where I pitched a tent - clearings near churches, backyards of local residents, fields, forests, campsites a couple of times. Although with the search for a place for a tent every time there were problems. In America, everything is occupied by private property. Only in Kansas and Colorado - that is, in the desert and in the mountains - there were no problems, because the land there is not quite suitable for habitation and almost all is free.
THE SUN VILLAGE EARLY,
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There was one unpleasant incident in Virginia. Once, early on in my journey, I decided to try crossing the Blue Ridge even though evening was approaching. The sun set earlier than I thought, and I found myself in complete darkness in the middle of a forest mountain road, where there are cliffs on both sides and no level ground except for the road itself. I had a very small lantern, and my position was not very pleasant - in the dark in the forest it was extremely uncomfortable. Half the night I had to saw through this mountain range to the nearest village, that day I drove 118 miles. |
I was in contact with the local population every day. The people were very kind to me. The guys from the passing cars offered water, the sellers in the stores constantly asked me about who I was and what I was doing on a bike in such a wilderness. Several times I stopped at a cafe for breakfast, but the moment I went to pay the bill, I was informed that I had already been paid for. Sometimes they supported me just like that - after talking with someone on the street or somewhere else, I suddenly received five bucks as respect ...
On the way I met six guys who, like me, were riding a bike across America, only in a different direction. We talked with them for a long time, shared our experience and impressions. In the small town of Scott City, Kansas, I was taken in by people from the Baptist community. They left me for the night in a huge house with a kitchen and a full refrigerator, in this house they gather and communicate on spiritual topics, conduct seminars.
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When my tire was punctured again, my pump also decided to break, and I found myself in an absurd situation, because I was in the desert and a passing car was very rare. However, I was lucky, and within twenty minutes after the breakdown, I was being driven to the nearest town by former Special Forces soldier Pete and his wife Rachel. They invited me to their place, and two days later I got to their house and stayed to visit. It was great - we were sitting at a huge table, the neighbors came, ate corn and talked. In the morning I went with them to the service at the Mormon church, where their family sang a song and read a sermon that day (it is their custom that every Sunday a family from their town takes on this mission). |
20 MINUTES AFTER BIKE BREAKDOWN
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My route ran through very interesting places, and each time it was a surprise for me what was waiting for me ahead on the road. I didn't go sightseeing because I think the greatest attraction is nature. And she surrounded me everywhere every day, and therefore, if I somehow deviated from the route, it was mostly rocks (to climb higher and look beyond the horizon) or lakes (to swim).
The most interesting place for me was Lake Pueblo in eastern Colorado. It was very similar to a canyon - cacti, semi-desert, semi-rocks, dry land, except that Don Juan was missing here. I spent two days there, swimming in the lake, climbing rocks, collecting plants and stones. I spent those two nights on the top of one of the rocks - there was a small spot, there was just enough space to put up a tent and make a fire.
I WOKE UP IN THE DEEP NIGHT FROM THAT
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It was unusual - the sun had not yet had time to go beyond the horizon, when a huge orange moon crawled out from the other side. Against the backdrop of the canyon, it looked incredible. So, on the second night, having seen enough of the starry sky, I went to bed as usual. I woke up late at night from the fact that the wall of the tent hit me in the face. The wind rose so strong that when I got out of the tent, it took off and did not take off from the ground only because my bags were in it, which held it with their weight. The wind only intensified, there was nothing left but to get off the cliff in the darkness of the night. It took me a long time to figure out how to do this. He tied the bags with ropes, lowered them down. The flashlight was clamped between his teeth and began to climb down from the vertical cliff. It was dumb - you couldn't see anything, the stones crumbled and flew out from under your feet. But an hour later I was already on level ground, where the wind was many times weaker. |
The most difficult thing on the road was overcoming the hills. Especially in Kentucky - the whole road went up and down. Due to the high humidity, the body sweated a lot and became dehydrated. Constantly thirsty, and it was terribly tiring. The hardest part of the whole trip was overcoming the Monarch Pass in Colorado (Rocky Mountains). Moreover, I suffered because of my hindsight - before leaving, I did not have breakfast, my stomach was completely empty. Fifteen miles the road went up, it was difficult, but tolerable. However, the last two miles proved to be a real hell. Apparently, the energy was all used up, and my strength completely left me - the muscles relaxed, my head began to spin.
Eventually it became hard to even just walk up and roll the bike. I began to lie down on the ground every twenty-five meters, lying on average for ten to fifteen minutes, in order to carve out at least some strength. I covered those two miles in two hours, barely reached the cafe at the top of the pass, ate too much, slept and was absolutely happy.
One day, in the vastness of Kansas, where there is absolutely nothing, a huge black cloud began to form on the horizon - such is usually shown in the program “Tornado Hunters”. In an hour and a half the cloud was very close, the wind rose so that my speed dropped from sixteen miles an hour to three. There was nowhere to hide, and we had to go through the cloud ahead. It became dark as at night, the rain was pouring in rare huge drops that pricked like needles, plus a terrible wind. It was truly creepy. When I got out of the clouds, I did not find a flask and a couple of other things - the wind and rain took them from me.
I traveled alone, and for me it turned out to be a very useful activity - it allowed me to establish a little connection with my being, pacifying my personality, well, and to know myself better. I think that the most difficult and partly not the most pleasant moments of my journey have become, in spite of everything, the most memorable and valuable. Therefore, I now try to treat such situations with respect and gratitude, rather than with irritation, although it turns out very infrequently.
Obviously, we managed to see and realize a lot of new things in a relatively short period of time. After that, in Moscow, you feel like an insect sleeping in a jar. However, here you can wake up, but it is not at all easy. I think travel can be a good practice for awakenings of this kind.
Equipment
A flashlight, tools for a bicycle, a pot, a tent, a sleeping bag, two cameras, a tripod, clothes (two T-shirts, pants, a vest, a jacket), two flasks, a laser, a laptop, a player, a toothbrush and paste.
