Research institute in the field of information technology, computer technology and microelectronics.

The Department of Electronic Computers of the FRTC was founded in MIPT by the founder of domestic computer technology - Academician Sergei Alekseevich Lebedev in 1952.

Academicians S.A. Lebedev, V.S. Burtsev, corresponding member. G.G. Ryabov, Ph.D. S.V. Kalin. Currently, the department is headed by Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Prof. A.V. Knyazev.

Over the years, the teachers of the department were:

• Academicians V.S. Burtsev, V.A. Melnikov,
• Corresponding Member of RAS B.A. Babayan, L.N. Korolev, G.G. Ryabov,
• Doctors of Physical and Mathematical Sciences A.A. Abramov, D.B. Podshivalov,
• Doctors of Technical Sciences V.V. Bardizh, A.A. Novikov, A.L. Plotkin, Yu.S. Ryabtsev, V.F. VT.

The first graduation of the computer department took place in 1957. Since 1957 the department conducted 55 graduations of students. In total, more than 400 people graduated. Among them were outstanding scientists and designers - Academicians of the Russian Academy of Sciences V.S. Burtsev, V.P. Ivannikov, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences B.A. Babayan; Doctors of Technical Sciences A.A. Novikov, V.M. Pentkovsky, Yu.Kh. Sahin, Yu.S. Ryabtsev.

• The graduates of the department became the laureates of the Lenin and State Prizes of the USSR: V.S. Burtsev, B.A. Babayan, Yu.S. Ryabtsev.
• Laureates of the Lenin Prize of the USSR - A.A. Novikov, Yu.Kh. Sakhin.
• Laureates of the State Prize of the USSR - V.P. Ivannikov, V.M. Pentkovsky, G.I. Grishakov, I.K. Khailov, V.S. Chekhlov, V.Ya. Gorshtein.

Outstanding achievements of past years are the development of domestic high-performance computers (BESM, Elbrus), specialized control machines (it is written in sufficient detail on this), as well as modern developments of the Institute's specialists, such as:

• digital automatic control system for modern aircraft power plants;
• specialized modular system for processing high-speed information flows;
• special calculator of the radar processor for navigation marine systems;
• special developments in the field of information security, etc.

They represent a significant contribution to the development of domestic digital computing technology.

The Computer Department prepares engineers, bachelors, masters and graduate students in the directions 09.03.01, 09.04.01, 09.06.01, 230101, 230100 (License series 90L01 No. 0008442 dated May 14, 2015) - Informatics and Computer Engineering. Currently, specialists are being trained in two profiles: and

The department employs highly qualified teachers, including two professors and nine associate professors. Among them are two doctors and nine candidates of sciences. The teachers of the department are an academician and 2 corresponding members of the International Academy of Informatization, an academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences.

The department has three specialized laboratories - "Modern programming technologies", "Computer circuitry" and "Computer peripherals".

In 2008, within the framework of the national project "Education", the application of the Department of Computers won the Grant of the Ministry of Education and Science for the creation of a Computing Center based on a world-class high-performance supercomputer. With these funds, VyatSU purchased and introduced into the educational process and research work the ENIGMA X000 Cluster Computing System, which has 576 4-core XEON processors and 50,000 GB of disk memory.

With the advent of the computing cluster, students have opened up new opportunities in learning. Today at the Department of Computers are implemented:

Modern educational programs for the training of graduates in the field of IT-technologies of international level;

Educational, practical and laboratory classes using unique computer classes with telecommunication access to the supercomputer cluster and to the resources of the international network of scientific and computing centers;

Training courses for highly qualified administrators and system programmers for computer networks and cluster systems with the possibility of passing an exam for an international certificate.

Work is actively carried out in the laboratories "Virtual Reality", "Design of intelligent systems", "Modern programming tools" and the student design bureau "Intelligent robotic systems". Also, on the basis of the scientific and educational center "Supercomputing Technologies and Systems", employees and students of the department carry out research at various levels.

From 2010 to the present time, the Department of Electronic Computers of Vyatka State University has been cooperating with NVIDIA (one of the largest manufacturers of massively parallel server accelerators, professional video cards and game consoles). Together with NVIDIA, Vyatka State University purchased and equippedcomputer class. For engineers and bachelors, the discipline "Parallel Computing on GPUs" is taught, which studies the principles of developing hybrid applications. Every year, NVIDIA provides teachers and students of Vyatka State University with access to the latest literature and hardware, as well as assists in holding competitions and a festival of science, encourages achievements in the field of computing on graphics processors, pays engineers, bachelors and teachers for international certification, organizes advanced training courses for teachers and helps to gain access to the materials of other universities (for example, Lomonosov Moscow State University), etc.

Scientific work

Scientific research at the Department of Computers is carried out in the following main areas:

• Theory, development and application of inference systems;
• Theory and application of supercomputing technologies and parallel systems;
• Theory and application of hybrid intelligent systems;
• Theory and application of neural and fuzzy systems;
• Research and development of methods for analysis and synthesis of DNA structures and their application in biocomputer systems.

On the basis of the department, a modern Scientific and Educational Center (REC) "Supercomputing Technologies and Systems" was created. The REC ensures the implementation at the world level of projects on high-precision mathematical modeling of complex objects and processes, system analysis and prediction of the behavior of complex multi-parameter systems. In 2008, the Department of Computers participated by order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation in the creation of educational and methodological resources for educational programs in the direction of "Hardware and software for high-performance computing." Teachers of the department constantly make presentations at All-Russian and International conferences, participate in meetings and seminars. On the basis of the Department of Computers, the Kirov Branch of the Russian Association of Artificial Intelligence (RAAI) was created. Every year, in the proceedings of conferences on artificial intelligence, articles are published by leading teachers and graduate students of the computer department.

Today, the Department of Computers continues to train highly qualified specialists in the field of computer technology and information technology, adapting to new conditions and increasing its potential.

V. V. Bardizh, Doctor of Technical Sciences

The idea of ​​creating a new type of higher educational institution for the training of highly qualified specialists in modern physics and the latest technology arose back in the thirties. However, the war delayed the implementation of these plans. Only in 1946 was the Faculty of Physics and Technology of Moscow State University established, which in 1951 was transformed into the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT).

A group of prominent Soviet scientists, among them Academicians P. L. Kapitsa, N. N. Semenov, M. A. Lavrentiev, took an active part in the creation of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.

MIPT is a special Institute among the universities of the country. It trains specialists in modern physics and the latest technology for institutes of the USSR Academy of Sciences, branch scientific research institutes, and large design bureaus.

MIPT has developed a new system for training specialists — the physics and technology system, which combines the breadth of university education and the specificity of technical education.

This is achieved by the fact that in the first two years students are taught at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology disciplines that are common to all specialties, and, starting from the third year, students are trained jointly with institutes of the USSR Academy of Sciences, branch research institutes and design bureaus, which are called basic enterprises. .

The Department of Electronic Computers was established at MIPT by Academician S.A. Lebedev, the founder of domestic computer technology, in 1952. S.A. Lebedeva.

The Department of Computers is part of the Faculty of Radio Engineering and Cybernetics (FRTK). The educational process for students of the department is closely related to the topics of the Institute of TM and VT.

From 1952 until the end of his days (1974), the head of the computer department was Academician Sergey Alekseevich Lebedev, director of the Institute of TM and VT. From 1974 to 1984, the department was headed by Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences Vsevolod Sergeevich Burtsev.

In 1957, the first graduation of MIPT students in the computer department took place. From 1957 to 1990, the department conducted 34 graduations of students. A total of 378 people were released.

Basic enterprises have a preferential right to select young specialists who have graduated from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology in their specialties. However, the Institute of TM and VT, not having its own housing construction, could not fully use this right, and therefore only those young specialists who had a Moscow residence permit got to work at the Institute. That is why of all the young specialists who graduated from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology in the Department of Computers, about 140 people were assigned to work at the Institute of TM and VT.

Many graduates of the Department of Computers are doing a lot of research and design and technological work at the Institute of TM and CT, heading the departments of the Institute and being leading researchers. Among them: Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR B.A. Babayan (class of 1957); Doctors of Technical Sciences V.M. Pentkovsky (graduation of 1970), Yu.Kh. Candidates of Technical Sciences D.F. Shaposhnikov (graduation of 1957), G.I. Grishakov (graduation of 1959), Yu.S. Ryabtsev (graduation of 1959), V.V. Kalashnikov (graduation of 1959) , G.V. Kristovsky (graduation of 1968), V.Ya. Gorshtein (graduation of 1963), D.G. Shtilman (graduation of 1962), P.V. Borisov (graduation of 1968), K.Ya. Tregubov (graduation of 1968), L.E. issue of 1962), V.I. Lyzhnikov (issue of 1960); leading designers I.A. Efimov (graduation of 1958), Yu.L. Pogrebnoy (graduation of 1972) and others.

For outstanding achievements in the field of computer technology, graduates of the Computer Department, currently working at the Institute of TM and VT, were awarded high titles:

• winners of the Lenin and State Prizes of the USSR - B.A. Babayan, Yu.S. Ryabtsev;
• laureate of the Lenin Prize - Yu.Kh. Sakhin;
• Laureates of the State Prize - V.M. Pentkovsky, G.I. Grishakov, V.Ya. Gorshtein.

High titles were awarded to graduates of the Computer Department who previously worked at the Institute of TM and VT:

• laureate of the Lenin Prize - Doctor of Technical Sciences A.A. Novikov (class of 1958);
• laureates of the State Prize of the USSR - corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR V.P.

A great contribution to the work of the Institute of TM and VT was made by MIPT graduates who previously worked at the Institute: L.G. Tarasov (graduated in 1958), O.A. Gurkovsky (graduated in 1964).

It should be noted the great contribution to the work of the computer department, which was made by the secretaries of the department E.G. Nemsadze and M.E. Romanenko.

In many organizations and in many cities of the Soviet Union, graduates of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology in the Department of Computers over the past years have been employed. And you can be sure that these specialists, as a rule, turned out to be at their best in solving the tasks assigned to them, because these are not only specialists who have gone through the “phystech school”, but they are also those who received scientific training at ITM and VT, these are "itemovtsy".

The author of these lines repeatedly had to be present at the meetings of the distribution commission at MIPT. And one could always observe a picture of the “struggle” of representatives of many organizations for young specialists who graduated from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology in the computer department. This is due to the fact that over many previous years, graduates of the department have established themselves as well-trained scientists.

The department is working with MIPT postgraduates. The topics of Ph.D. theses are closely related to the scientific problems solved by the Institute of TM and VT. When completing dissertations, graduate students widely use modern equipment of the Institute's subdivisions, as well as computers available in the Computing Center of the Institute.

Employees of the Computer Department, graduate students and students actively participate in the annual scientific conferences held by the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. At these conferences, the section of computer technology regularly works, at which graduate students, graduate students and students of the 5th year of the department make presentations. The department also participates in the annual conferences held by the FRTK, dedicated to the memory of Academician AI Berg.

The author of this article worked at the Department of Computers for 35 years (from 1953 to 1988) as an associate professor, and then as a professor. Initially, he read the course "Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering", then "Magnetic Elements of Computers", and in recent years - the course "Computer Memory Devices". Simultaneously with lecturing, he served as deputy head of the department.

Recalling past years, I would like to note, first of all, the enormous role that Sergey Alekseevich Lebedev played in the training of scientific personnel, being the chief designer of BESM series computers and specialized computers. Sergey Alekseevich always willingly shared his knowledge and experience with others, especially with young people.

At the Department of Computers, Sergey Alekseevich taught the fundamental course "Computer Engineering". He lectured slowly, presenting complex material intelligibly and interestingly. In the early 1950s, when there was practically no literature on computer technology, Sergey Alekseevich's lectures aroused great interest. They were visited not only by students and teachers of the computer department, but also by employees of the Institute of TM and VT.

Pictures of the past pass before me. Here is one of them. End of 1952. Assembly hall in the new building of the Institute of TM and VT on Leninsky Prospekt. Sergei Alekseevich reads a lecture on computer technology. The hall is filled to capacity. Silence, and only the low voice of Sergei Alekseevich is heard. A block diagram of a computer appears on the board and not for everyone is still familiar designations: AU, RAM, CU, VZU. input Output. Sergei Alekseevich gives a lecture on the first high-speed computer in the Soviet Union (BESM Academy of Sciences of the USSR), the most productive machine of that time in Europe. This machine has not yet been accepted by the State Commission (this will be done at the beginning of 1953), but it is already working on the first floor of the new building of the Institute. Many years have passed since then, but I remember it as if it was recently.

In the 60s, Sergei Alekseevich's lectures were closely connected with the BESM-b machine, one of the best domestic computers, which found wide practical application and was equipped with the main computer centers of the country.

In the early 1970s, Sergei Alekseevich's lectures were based on supercomputers based on multiprocessor computing systems.

Sergei Alekseevich, as the head of the department, demanded from the department staff that lectures for students be specific and reflect well the latest achievements on the issues under consideration and at the same time be at a sufficiently high scientific and technical level.

The teaching staff of the department was always staffed by leading employees of the Institute of TM and VT and was stable with relatively rare updates.

For a long time at the department worked: academicians V.S. Burtsev, V.A. Melnikov, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences B.A. Babayan, L.N. V.S. Chupaev and others, Doctors of Physical and Mathematical Sciences A.A. Abramov, D.B. Podshivalov.

New courses have been introduced related to the rapid development of microelectronics, data transmission systems and design automation.

The Institute of TM and VT is closely connected in its work with factories, and this connection is carried out already at the stages of R&D and continues at the stages of implementation of developments carried out by the Institute. The students of the Department of Computers perform research and theses, closely related to the subject of the Institute of TM and VT. Therefore, the educational process conducted at the Department of Computers meets the principles of integration of education, production and science, which were bequeathed by our unforgettable teacher, academician Sergei Alekseevich Lebedev.

To the course project

Course: "Computer systems systems and networks."

On the topic: "The unit for receiving and processing packets of the LAN adapter."

Done: Checked:

Art. gr. 350505 Lamovsky D.V.

Sorokovik V.V.

Minsk 2007.

Assignment to the course project

Develop a block for receiving and processing packets of an adapter (controller) of a LAN (local area network).

Initial data:

Introduction. 5

Development of a block diagram. eight

Development of a functional diagram. 12

Selection, justification and description of the element base. fourteen

Concept development. 23

Conclusion. 24

Literature. 25

Introduction

Local area networks of personal computers appeared in our country relatively recently and quickly gained popularity. It turned out that connecting computers into a single network provides great opportunities, incomparable with the simple transfer of files from one computer to another.

In addition to file transfer, local area networks allow you to organize the sharing of expensive equipment, as well as distributed data processing on several computers. This results in significant cost savings.

Another expensive resource of computing systems is disk memory. On a local network, you can organize shared access to disks of one or more computers. Almost every computer has MS-DOS utilities or a Windows operating system installed on its disk, some word processor, Norton utilities, reference databases, etc. You don't need to store all these programs on all disks of all computers connected to the network. Instead, you can share a single copy of these software located on only one computer. At the same time, the disks of other computers can be freed up for solving tasks specific to users of these computers.

In this case, it may turn out that some computers may not have disks at all, neither hard nor floppy! The operating system can be loaded from the network from another computer, data for processing can be entered from the keyboard or disks of another computer, and after processing this data will be written again to the disk of another computer!

Another example of sharing a device on a network is when multiple users share the same modem. A good modem costs a lot of money, so in our case it is hardly worth buying ten modems when you can use one.

You can organize distributed data processing. For example, if you have a large database, it may reside on one powerful computer. You can arrange access to this database from other computers connected to the network. In this case, the sampling and pre-processing of data will be performed by a powerful machine, and the final processing and presentation of data by less powerful and less expensive personal computers.

The centralized storage of the database also has the advantage that it facilitates the process of maintaining, ensuring the integrity of the database and organizing the archiving and backup of information. The combination of centralized storage and distributed processing of information can significantly increase the efficiency of the system as a whole and reduce its cost.

To organize a LAN, you need appropriate structure-forming equipment and software.

Structure-forming equipment can be divided into two groups:

the first group includes the means by which workstations and other means are connected to the data transmission channel. Such means are network adapters, modems.

the second group includes means that connect network segments to each other, subnets to each other, etc. This includes repeaters, switches, hubs, bridges, routers, gateways.

The network adapter is designed to interface workstations with a data transmission channel. It performs framing, monochannel access control, physical interface of the workstation output with the physical data transmission medium.